A continuous excavation, slagging and backfilling U-shaped shield machine and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a U-shaped shield machine for continuous excavation, slag discharge and backfilling and a construction method thereof, relates to the technical field of open U-shaped shield machine construction, and solves the problem of low construction efficiency caused by the fact that the excavated slag needs to be backfilled and transported by a transport vehicle in the existing backfilling operation process. The application comprises a swing excavation device for underground excavation, the swing excavation device is arranged at the front end of a shield supporting device, a slag collecting device matched with the swing excavation device is arranged on the shield supporting device, and the slag collecting device is connected with a slag lifting device; the tail end of the shield supporting device is connected with a propulsion system, the propulsion system is matched with a segment assembling system for laying segments, the slag lifting device is matched with a slag conveying device arranged at the top of the shield supporting device, and the slag discharge end of the slag conveying device corresponds to a backfilling area above the segments assembled by the segment assembling system. The slag conveying device is used for conveying the slag to the backfilling area above the assembled segments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of open-type U-shaped tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction technology, and in particular to a U-shaped TBM and its construction method for continuous excavation, slag removal and backfilling. Background Technology

[0002] The U-shaped shield tunneling method combines the technical advantages of open-cut and shield tunneling methods, forming a mobile support structure and representing a new type of green construction technology for integrated utility tunnels. Compared to traditional methods, it features mechanized construction, fewer personnel requirements, no slope excavation, and savings in support and land area. Furthermore, the prefabricated tunnel segments are mechanically assembled, resulting in high construction efficiency. However, existing U-shaped shield tunneling machines are designed for soft soil or soft rock strata and are not suitable for composite strata with a soft upper layer and a hard lower layer. Moreover, excavation in front of the U-shaped shield tunneling machine is mostly done using excavators or rollers, making it difficult to control and adjust the excavation cross-section dimensions. The excavated soil must then be loaded onto transport vehicles and transported from the front of the equipment to the rear segment assembly area for dumping and backfilling.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN114718113A discloses a U-shaped shield tunneling machine and its construction method suitable for soft rock strata, and Chinese invention patent CN116181342A discloses a U-shaped shield tunneling machine with integrated shield frame launching construction method. Both of these existing technologies use rollers and excavators arranged in front of the equipment for excavation, and then the excavated soil is loaded onto transport vehicles, which then transport it to the rear of the equipment for segment assembly and backfilling and compaction. The soil transportation process results in a large number of construction personnel and supporting equipment, complex procedures, high costs, poor construction economy, and the need for further improvement in construction efficiency. Therefore, for U-shaped shield tunneling construction, it is necessary to design a U-shaped shield tunneling machine that can be applied to composite strata with soft upper and hard lower layers, has precise and adjustable excavation cross-section dimensions, and can achieve continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this invention proposes a U-shaped tunnel boring machine and its construction method for continuous excavation, slag removal, and backfilling, which solves the problem of low construction efficiency caused by the need for transport vehicles to transport excavated slag during the backfilling operation in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: A U-shaped shield tunneling machine for continuous excavation, slag removal, and backfilling includes an oscillating excavation device for underground excavation, which is located at the front end of a shield support device. A slag collection device, which cooperates with the oscillating excavation device, is installed on the shield support device and is connected to a slag lifting device. The rear end of the shield support device is connected to a propulsion system, which cooperates with a segment assembly system for laying tunnel segments. The slag lifting device cooperates with a slag conveying device located at the top of the shield support device, and the slag discharge end of the slag conveying device corresponds to the backfilling area located above the tunnel segments assembled by the segment assembly system.

[0006] Preferably, the swing excavation device includes a support fixed on the shield support device, a boom hinged to the support, and a telescopic cylinder for controlling the pitching movement of the boom on the support; the front end of the boom is connected to a support frame, and a roller driver is provided on the support frame, which is connected to the telescopic cutting tooth roller drive.

[0007] Preferably, the telescopic cutting tooth roller includes an outer sleeve coaxially connected to the output end of the roller driver. An adjusting cylinder is provided inside the outer sleeve and is connected to an inner sleeve through the adjusting cylinder. The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are slidably fitted together. The inner sleeve can extend or retract into the outer sleeve under the drive of the adjusting cylinder. A spline for guiding and limiting is provided between the two. Cutting teeth are provided on the outer wall of the outer sleeve and the end face of the inner sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the slag collection device includes a conveyor mounted on the shield support device, with a slag collection port at the front end and a slag discharge port at the rear end; a slag collection port is provided with a rotary support, and a rotating bucket is provided on the rotary support.

[0009] Preferably, the slag lifting device includes a lifting conveyor installed on the shield support device, wherein the lifting inlet of the lifting conveyor corresponds to the slag outlet, and the lifting outlet of the lifting conveyor corresponds to the slag conveying device.

[0010] Preferably, the slag conveying device includes an L-shaped conveyor belt with an L-shaped conveying path. The L-shaped conveyor belt is fixedly connected to the shield support device and moves with the shield support device. The conveying path of the L-shaped conveyor belt bypasses the segment assembly system.

[0011] Preferably, the shield support device includes a front shield, a middle shield, and a tail shield connected in sequence. The front shield is provided with a blade block, and the tail shield is provided with a tail brush.

[0012] Preferably, the propulsion system includes a propulsion cylinder fixed on the tail shield, and the propulsion cylinder is configured to cooperate with the top iron.

[0013] A construction method for a U-shaped tunnel boring machine with continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling as described above includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: An auxiliary excavation device for ground excavation is set on the ground in front of the excavation direction of the swing excavator. The swing excavator and the auxiliary excavation device work together to realize the excavation operation of the composite stratum with soft upper and hard lower.

[0015] S2: The slag collection device collects and transports the excavated slag to the slag lifting device, which then lifts and transports the slag to the slag conveying device.

[0016] S3: The excavated soil conveying device avoids the space of the segment hoisting and assembly area of ​​the segment assembly system and directly conveys the excavated soil to the backfill area above the segments already assembled by the segment assembly system.

[0017] S4: The propulsion system provides top thrust to propel the shield support device along the tunneling direction.

[0018] S5: After tunneling one ring of segments, space is created for segment assembly, and the segment assembly system continues to hoist and assemble the segments.

[0019] S6: Repeat steps S1~S5 to form continuous excavation, slag collection and backfilling operations and segment assembly operations of the strata, and complete the entire tunneling construction.

[0020] Preferably, the segment assembly system includes a segment crane installed on the ground, which is used to lay segments and hoist the top iron; the auxiliary excavation device is an excavator, which is used to excavate the ground in front of the swing excavation device.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The excavated excavated soil is collected and transported to the excavated soil lifting device, which then transports it to the excavated soil conveying device, which directly delivers it to the backfill area. This achieves continuous excavation, excavation, automatic transportation, and backfilling of the excavated soil, eliminating the need for the existing process of loading excavated soil onto transport vehicles and then transferring it to the backfill area. This reduces the requirements for construction personnel and improves construction efficiency. Furthermore, the conveying path of the excavated soil conveying device bypasses the segment assembly system, avoiding interference with subsequent segment assembly and making the construction process more rational. The telescopic cutting roller allows for adjustment during excavation, enabling precise control and adjustment of the excavation cross-section size. This prevents excessive gaps between the excavated soil and the equipment, which could cause lateral displacement, or excessive resistance due to the excavated soil being smaller than the equipment's outline dimensions. In short, this ensures the equipment's posture during excavation and reduces excavation resistance. Meanwhile, this method, by setting up an oscillating excavation device for underground excavation and an auxiliary excavation device for surface excavation, can work together to excavate composite strata with soft upper layers and hard lower layers, thus broadening the application range of U-shaped shield tunneling machines. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the swing excavation device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the telescopic cutting tooth roller structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of one half of the telescopic cutting tooth roller of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the end face structure of the telescopic cutting tooth roller of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the slag collection device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the junction of the tail shield and the tunnel segment of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1-2: Oscillating excavator; 2: Slag collection device; 3: Slag lifting device; 6: Propulsion system; 7: Segment assembly system; 4: Slag conveying device; 1-1: Auxiliary excavation device; 1-2-1: Telescopic cylinder; 1-2-2: Telescopic cutting roller; 1-2-2-4: Roller driver; 1-2-2: Telescopic cutting roller; 1-2-2-1: Outer sleeve; 1-2-2-2: Inner sleeve; 1-2-2-6: Spline; 1-2-2-5: Connector; 1-2-2-3: Adjusting cylinder; 2-2: Conveyor; 2-2-1: Slag collection port; 2-2-2: Slag outlet, 2-1-2: Rotary support, 2-1-1: Rotary bucket cylinder, 2-1: Rotary bucket, 3-1: Lifting slag inlet, 3-2: Lifting slag outlet, 5-1: Front shield, 5-2: Middle shield, 5-3: Tail shield, 5-1-1: Inserting blade block, 5-3-1: Shield tail brush, 6-1: Propulsion cylinder, 6-2: Top iron, 7-1: Segment crane, 2-1-1: Bucket cylinder, 1-2-2-9: Branch arm, 1-2-2-8: E-shaped bracket, 1-2-2-7: Intermediate roller, 1-2-5: Boom, 7-2: First ring pipe section, 7-2-1: Grouting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in Embodiment 1, a U-shaped shield tunneling machine for continuous excavation, slag removal, and backfilling includes an oscillating excavation device 1-2 for underground excavation. The oscillating excavation device 1-2 is located at the front end of the shield support device. A slag collection device 2, which cooperates with the oscillating excavation device 1-2, is installed on the shield support device. The slag collection device 2 is connected to a slag lifting device 3. In this embodiment, the shield support device can support the excavated sidewall soil to prevent soil collapse. The rear end of the shield support device is connected to a propulsion system 6, which cooperates with a segment assembly system 7 for laying tunnel segments. The slag lifting device 3 cooperates with a slag conveying device 4 located at the top of the shield support device. The slag discharge end of the slag conveying device 4 corresponds to the backfill area above the assembled tunnel segments of the segment assembly system 7, thereby enabling the slag to be transported to the backfill area above the assembled tunnel segments of the segment assembly system 7 via the slag conveying device 4. In practical use, an auxiliary excavation device 1-1 for ground excavation is set on the ground in front of the excavation direction, and the auxiliary excavation device 1-1 is set on the ground in front of the excavation direction of the swing excavation device 1-2. The auxiliary excavation device 1-1 works in conjunction with the swing excavation device 1-2. In this embodiment, the auxiliary excavation device 1-1 is an excavator, which is used for excavating the ground in front of the swing excavation device 1-2.

[0035] In this embodiment, as a further specific implementation, the excavated soil conveying device 4 includes an L-shaped conveyor belt with an L-shaped conveying path, which can realize the transportation and transfer of excavated soil to the backfill area. The L-shaped conveyor belt is fixedly connected to the shield support device and moves with the shield support device. In this embodiment, the L-shaped conveyor belt is located on one side of the top of the shield support device, and the vertical projection of the L-shaped conveyor belt is not on the shield support device, so that the conveying path of the L-shaped conveyor belt bypasses the segment assembly system 7, avoiding the impact of the L-shaped conveyor belt on the segment assembly construction of the segment assembly system 7. Specifically, the L-shaped conveyor belt includes two sub-conveyor belts connected in an L-shape. The supports of both sub-conveyor belts are fixed on the shield support device. The first conveyor belt is used to receive the excavated soil lifted by the excavated soil lifting device and transport it backward in the tunneling direction. The second conveyor belt transports the excavated soil to the backfill area. The L-shaped layout bypasses the segment hoisting area and allows for continuous transport as excavation progresses, enabling continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling operations. This eliminates the need to load excavated soil into transport vehicles and then transfer it to the backfill area. It reduces the need for manpower, streamlines construction procedures, and improves efficiency.

[0036] Example 2: A U-shaped tunnel boring machine for continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling, such as... Figure 3 , 4As shown in Figures 5 and 6, based on Embodiment 1, the swing excavation device 1-2 includes a support fixed to the shield support device. A boom 1-2-5 is hinged to the support, and the support and the boom 1-2-5 are connected by a telescopic cylinder 1-2-1. The telescopic cylinder controls the pitching movement of the boom 1-2-5 relative to the base. The front end of the boom 1-2-5 is connected to a support frame 1-2-2-8. A roller driver 1-2-2-4 is provided on the support frame 1-2-2-8, and the roller driver 1-2-2-4 is connected to the telescopic cutting roller 1-2-2 in a transmission connection.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 5 , 6 As shown in Figure 7, the telescopic cutting tooth roller 1-2-2 includes an outer sleeve 1-2-2-1 coaxially connected to the output end of the roller driver 1-2-2-4. An adjusting cylinder 1-2-2-3 is provided inside the outer sleeve 1-2-2-1, and it is connected to the inner sleeve 1-2-2-2 through the adjusting cylinder 1-2-2-3. The inner sleeve 1-2-2-2 and the outer sleeve 1-2-2-1 are slidably engaged. The inner sleeve 1-2-2-2 can extend or retract into the outer sleeve 1-2-2-1 under the drive of the adjusting cylinder 1-2-2-3. A spline 1-2-2-6 for guiding and limiting is provided between the two. Cutting teeth are provided on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 1-2-2-1 and the end face of the inner sleeve 1-2-2-2.

[0038] As an optional implementation, the boom 1-2-5 is a straight boom with a straight support frame 1-2-2-8 at its front end. Two roller drivers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the centerline of the support frame 1-2-2-8. The roller drivers 1-2-2-4 can be conventional hydraulic motors. The output shafts of the two roller drivers are coaxially connected to the two outer sleeves, and the outer sleeves are rotatably engaged with the side wall of the support frame through bearings. Each outer sleeve and each of the two outer sleeves has an inner sleeve. The inner sleeves and outer sleeves are driven to rotate by the internal roller drivers, realizing the rotational cutting of the telescopic cutting roller 1-2-2 to cut and excavate the working face. Alternatively, as an optional implementation, the drive end of the hydraulic motor can be connected to the outer sleeve via gear transmission.

[0039] In this embodiment, under the adjustment of the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 1-2-2-3 and the guiding action of the spline 1-2-2-6, the inner sleeves 1-2-2-2 at both ends can extend and retract a certain distance relative to the outer sleeve from the opening on the end face of the outer sleeve, thereby allowing for precise control of the excavated soil on both sides. This prevents the equipment from shifting laterally if the gap between the excavated soil and the equipment is too large, or if the excavated soil is smaller than the equipment's outline dimensions, resulting in excessive propulsion resistance. When the drum driver drives the outer sleeve to rotate, the inner sleeve 1-2-2-2 rotates synchronously with the outer sleeve 1-2-2-1 under the action of the spline.

[0040] As another alternative implementation, such as Figure 4 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, to accommodate wider cutting requirements, the front end of the boom 1-2-5 is equipped with an E-shaped support frame 1-2-2-8. Roller drivers are installed on both sides of the three branch arms 1-2-2-9 of the support frame 1-2-2-8. The roller drivers 1-2-2-4 can be conventional hydraulic motors. An intermediate roller 1-2-2-7 is rotatably mounted between adjacent branch arms 1-2-2-9 on the support frame 1-2-2-8. The intermediate rollers are drive-connected to the rotating ends of the roller drivers on the branch arms, enabling the roller drivers to rotate the intermediate rollers. Outer sleeves are rotatably mounted on both sides of the two branch arms 1-2-2-9 located on either side. Inner sleeves are located inside the outer sleeves, and the two outer sleeves are drive-connected to the roller drivers on the two branch arms respectively. When the roller drivers rotate, they simultaneously drive the two outer sleeves and the two intermediate rollers to rotate. As the outer sleeves rotate, the inner sleeves are synchronously driven to rotate under the action of the splines, thereby achieving excavation over a wider area.

[0041] Example 3: A U-shaped tunnel boring machine for continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling, such as... Figure 8 As shown, based on Embodiment 2, the slag collection device 2 includes a conveyor 2-2 mounted on the shield support device. The conveyor 2-2 has a slag collection port 2-2-1 at its front end and a slag discharge port 2-2-2 at its rear end. A rotary support 2-1-2 is mounted on the slag collection port 2-2-1, and a rotary bucket 2-1 is mounted on the rotary support 2-1-2. In this embodiment, the conveyor 2-2 is one of the conventional conveyors such as a scraper conveyor or a belt conveyor. In this embodiment, a scraper conveyor is used. The rotary bucket pushes the excavated slag to the slag collection port, and then the conveyor transports it backward and discharges it through the slag discharge port to the slag lifting device.

[0042] As a further optional implementation, the rotating bucket 2-1 has the same structure as the excavator boom, both including multiple joints that are hinged together, and each joint is equipped with a rotating bucket cylinder 2-1-1. By extending and retracting the rotating bucket cylinder 2-1-1, the pitch angle and forward and backward position of the rotating bucket 2-1 can be adjusted, thereby collecting and gathering the excavated soil and moving it to the slag collection port.

[0043] In addition, the slag lifting device 3 includes a lifting conveyor installed on the shield support device. The lifting inlet 3-1 of the lifting conveyor corresponds to the slag outlet 2-2-2, and the lifting outlet 3-2 of the lifting conveyor corresponds to the slag conveying device 4. The lifting conveyor is equipped with a lifting hopper or scraper, thereby lifting and transporting the slag discharged from the slag outlet 2-2-2 of the slag collection device to the slag transporting device 4, realizing the vertical lifting and transporting of the slag.

[0044] Example 4: A U-shaped tunnel boring machine for continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling, such as... Figure 9 As shown, based on Embodiment 3, the shield support device includes a front shield 5-1, a middle shield 5-2, and a tail shield 5-3 connected in sequence. The front shield 5-1 is equipped with a cutting block 5-1-1 for trimming the excavated soil on the sides. The tail shield 5-3 is equipped with a tail brush 5-3-1 to prevent slurry from flowing forward from the sides and bottom of the tunnel segments and entering the shield support device. In this embodiment, the swing excavation device 1-2 and the slag collection device 2 are both located inside the front shield, the slag lifting device 3 is located on the middle shield, and the slag conveying device 4 is fixed to the outside of the middle and tail shields.

[0045] The propulsion system 6 consists of a propulsion cylinder 6-1 and a jacking iron 6-2. The propulsion cylinder 6-1 is fixed inside the tail shield 5-3, and the propulsion cylinder 6-1 and the jacking iron 6-2 are configured to work together. Specifically, the extended end of the propulsion cylinder 6-1 rests on the jacking iron 6-2, which is positioned in front of the first ring section 7-2 assembled from tunnel segments. One end of the jacking iron 6-2 is acted upon by the jacking cylinder 6-1, while the other end contacts the first ring section 7-2. The tunnel segments behind the jacking iron remain stationary, and the jacking cylinder 6-1 acts on the jacking iron, providing a jacking force for the equipment to advance. Furthermore, the jacking cylinder 6-1 does not directly act on the first ring section 7-2, which also prevents the jacking cylinder 6-1 from causing cracks in the first ring section 7-2.

[0046] The segment assembly system 7 includes a segment crane 7-1 installed on the ground, which is used for laying segments and lifting and moving the jacking iron 6-2. The segments are specifically composed of prefabricated segments 7-2, and the segment crane 7-1 can perform lifting, lowering, and assembly operations on the prefabricated segments 7-2. Further, as... Figure 9 As shown, the precast segment 7-2 is precast in a whole ring and directly assembled and connected on site. The precast segment is designed with grouting holes 7-2-1 on the side and bottom. After the whole ring of precast segments is assembled, the segments are formed. Grout is injected through the grouting holes in time to fill the gap between the segments and the surrounding soil and prevent the precast segments from moving back and forth.

[0047] Example 5: A U-shaped tunnel boring machine for continuous excavation, slag removal and backfilling. Based on the above examples, the difference is that the swing excavation device 1-2 is not limited to the telescopic cutting roller mentioned in Example 2. The swing excavation device can be replaced by conventional devices such as swing milling head, excavation arm, and cutterhead, which can realize the excavation of the soil at the front face. The difference lies in whether the excavation width dimension can be precisely controlled.

[0048] Example 6: Based on the above examples, a construction method for a U-shaped tunnel boring machine with continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling includes the following steps:

[0049] S1: An auxiliary excavation device 1-1 for surface excavation is set on the ground in front of the swing excavation device 1-2. The swing excavation device 1-2 and the auxiliary excavation device 1-1 work together to excavate composite strata with soft upper layers and hard lower layers. Specifically: the swing excavation device 1-2 is an excavator, positioned on the ground in front to excavate the upper soft soil layer. The swing excavation device 1-2 is positioned on the base 5-1-2 inside the front shield 5-1 to excavate the lower hard rock strata. The two work together to excavate composite strata with soft upper layers and hard lower layers, as well as strata at greater depths. In addition, the inner sleeves 1-2-2-2 at both ends of the swing excavation device 1-2 can extend and retract a certain distance under the action of the adjusting cylinders 1-2-2-3 and the spline 1-2-2-6, thereby allowing for precise control of the excavated soil on both sides.

[0050] S2: The slag collection device 2 collects and transports the excavated slag to the slag lifting device 3, which then lifts and transports it to the slag conveying device 4. Specifically, the rotary bucket 2-1 is positioned at the slag collection port 2-2-1 of the slag collection device via a slewing support 2-1-2. Through the slewing support 2-1-2 and the bucket cylinder 2-1-1 on the rotary bucket, the rotary bucket 2-1 rotates and extends / retracts, conveying the slag excavated by the swing excavator 1-2 to the slag collection port 2-2-1, and then discharges it through the slag outlet 2-2-2. The slag excavated by the excavator is also collected and discharged by the slag collection device. In special circumstances where increased slag removal efficiency is required, the slag excavated by the excavator can be transported using conventional dump trucks.

[0051] S3: The excavated soil conveying device 4 avoids the segment hoisting and assembly area of ​​the segment assembly system 7 and directly conveys the excavated soil to the backfill area above the assembled segments.

[0052] S4: The propulsion system 6 provides jacking force to propel the shield support device forward along the tunneling direction. Specifically: the propulsion cylinder 6-1 is fixed inside the shield support device, and the extended end of the propulsion cylinder 6-1 rests on the top iron 6-2 to provide jacking force for the equipment to advance. The jacking cylinder 6-1 continues to extend, pushing the shield support device forward as a whole.

[0053] S5: After tunneling one ring of segments, the propulsion cylinder 6-1 retracts, the segment crane 7-1 lifts and moves the top iron to make room for segment assembly. Then, the segment crane 7-1 lifts and assembles the precast segments 7-2, connecting and fixing them with the subsequent segments, and injecting filling grout through the grouting hole 7-2-1 in a timely manner.

[0054] S6: Repeat steps S1~S5 to form continuous excavation, slag collection and backfilling operations and segment assembly operations of the strata, and complete the entire tunneling construction.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A U-shaped tunnel boring machine for continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling, characterized in that: It includes an oscillating excavation device (1-2) for underground excavation, which is set at the front end of the shield support device. The shield support device is equipped with a slag collection device (2) that cooperates with the oscillating excavation device (1-2). The slag collection device (2) is connected to the slag lifting device (3). The tail end of the shield support device is connected to the propulsion system (6). The propulsion system (6) cooperates with the segment assembly system (7) for laying segments. The slag lifting device (3) cooperates with the slag conveying device (4) set at the top of the shield support device. The slag discharge end of the slag conveying device (4) corresponds to the backfill area above the segments assembled by the segment assembly system (7). The swing excavation device (1-2) includes a support fixed on the shield support device, a boom (1-2-5) hinged on the support, and a telescopic cylinder (1-2-1) for controlling the pitch movement of the boom (1-2-5) on the support; the front end of the boom (1-2-5) is connected to a support frame (1-2-2-8), and a roller driver (1-2-2-4) is provided on the support frame (1-2-2-8), and the roller driver (1-2-2-4) is connected to the telescopic cutting tooth roller (1-2-2) in a transmission connection; The telescopic cutting tooth roller (1-2-2) includes an outer sleeve (1-2-2-1) coaxially connected to the output end of the roller driver (1-2-2-4). An adjusting cylinder (1-2-2-3) is provided inside the outer sleeve (1-2-2-1), and is connected to the inner sleeve (1-2-2-2) through the adjusting cylinder (1-2-2-3). The inner sleeve (1-2-2-2) and the outer sleeve (1-2-2-1) are in sliding fit. The inner sleeve (1-2-2-2) can extend or retract into the outer sleeve (1-2-2-1) under the drive of the adjusting cylinder (1-2-2-3). A spline (1-2-2-6) for guiding and limiting is provided between the inner sleeve (1-2-2-2) and the outer sleeve (1-2-2-1). Cutting teeth are provided on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (1-2-2-1) and the end face of the inner sleeve (1-2-2-2).

2. The U-shaped tunnel boring machine for continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag collection device (2) includes a conveyor (2-2) installed on the shield support device. The front end of the conveyor (2-2) is provided with a slag collection port (2-2-1) and the rear end is provided with a slag discharge port (2-2-2). A slewing support (2-1-2) is provided on the slag collection port (2-2-1), and a rotating bucket (2-1) is provided on the slewing support (2-1-2).

3. The U-shaped shield tunneling machine for continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slag lifting device (3) includes a lifting conveyor installed on the shield support device. The lifting slag inlet (3-1) of the lifting conveyor corresponds to the slag outlet (2-2-2), and the lifting slag outlet (3-2) of the lifting conveyor corresponds to the slag conveying device (4).

4. The U-shaped shield tunneling machine for continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slag conveying device (4) includes an L-shaped conveyor belt with an L-shaped conveying path. The L-shaped conveyor belt is fixedly connected to the shield support device and moves with the shield support device. The conveying path of the L-shaped conveyor belt bypasses the segment assembly system (7).

5. The U-shaped tunnel boring machine for continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The shield support device includes a front shield (5-1), a middle shield (5-2), and a tail shield (5-3) connected in sequence. The front shield (5-1) is provided with a blade block (5-1-1), and the tail shield (5-3) is provided with a tail brush (5-3-1).

6. The U-shaped shield tunneling machine for continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The propulsion system (6) includes a propulsion cylinder (6-1) fixed on the tail shield (5-3), and the propulsion cylinder (6-1) is configured in conjunction with the top iron (6-2).

7. A construction method for a U-shaped shield tunneling machine with continuous excavation, muck removal, and backfilling as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: An auxiliary excavation device (1-1) for ground excavation is set on the ground in front of the excavation direction of the swing excavation device (1-2). The swing excavation device (1-2) and the auxiliary excavation device (1-1) work together to realize the excavation operation of the composite stratum with soft upper and hard lower. S2: The slag collection device (2) collects and transports the excavated slag to the slag lifting device (3), and the slag lifting device (3) lifts and transports the slag to the slag conveying device (4); S3: The slag conveying device (4) avoids the segment hoisting and assembly area of ​​the segment assembly system (7) and directly conveys the slag to the backfill area above the segments assembled by the segment assembly system (7); S4: The propulsion system (6) provides top thrust to propel the shield support device to advance along the tunneling direction; S5: After tunneling one ring of segments, space is freed up for segment assembly, and the segment assembly system (7) continues to hoist and assemble the segments. S6: Repeat steps S1~S5 to form continuous excavation, slag collection and backfilling operations and segment assembly operations of the strata, and complete the entire tunneling construction.

8. The construction method of the U-shaped shield tunneling machine for continuous excavation, muck removal and backfilling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The segment assembly system (7) includes a segment crane (7-1) set on the ground, which is used to lay segments and hoist the top iron (6-2); the auxiliary excavation device (1-1) is an excavator, which is used to excavate the ground in front of the swing excavation device (1-2).

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