Fiber Filament Braided Reinforced Concrete 3D Printing Device and Method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of intelligent construction, and provides a fiber filament braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device and method. A fiber braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device is arranged around the printing nozzle, including a fiber weaver fixator, a fiber mesh weaver, and a steel fiber implantor. The flexible fiber is woven into a fiber mesh by the fiber mesh weaver; the steps of the printing method include: connecting the numerical control wire of the fiber filament weaver to the printer, turning on the printing device and the fiber filament weaver. As the concrete strip is continuously extruded, the weaver will braid the fiber filaments into a fiber mesh, and at the same time insert the steel fibers into the fiber mesh and place the fiber mesh between the interlayer strips. The present invention is beneficial to enhancing the interlayer bonding strength of 3D printed concrete, making the bonding between layers more firm, and the printed concrete components have better toughness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent construction, and particularly to a fiber filament braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device and method. Background Art

[0002] As an emerging construction technology that has emerged in recent years, concrete 3D printing technology has been widely applied in many aspects due to its additive construction method and the construction means without formwork. Concrete 3D printing technology is a technology that converts the required three-dimensional building drawings into several two-dimensional design drawings by a computer, and constructs the building layer by layer through layer-by-layer processing and stacking. This technology can promote the construction industry towards the direction of intelligence, liberalization, and greening.

[0003] However, compared with the traditional concrete construction method, due to the particularity of the construction method, the size of the aggregate particle size is restricted, and the lack of steel bar implantation results in the lack of flexural and flexural resistance performance of the printed concrete components. The layer-by-layer stacking construction method also causes a certain degree of lack of adhesion between layers. Therefore, the existing concrete 3D printing technology cannot meet the current people's needs for high-rise buildings. To increase the construction height of 3D printed concrete, it is very necessary to find a method that can improve the mechanical properties of 3D printed concrete.

[0004] Fiber braided concrete 3D printing technology is a new type of concrete 3D printing technology. On the basis of the traditional concrete 3D printing technology, it implants fiber meshes between layers to improve the mechanical properties and durability of 3D printed concrete. The concrete components printed by this method have the advantages of high strength, good ductility, and good durability, and have better application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fiber filament braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device and method, which can effectively improve the mechanical properties of 3D printed concrete components.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The fiber filament braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device includes a concrete 3D printer printing platform, and a concrete 3D printer frame is provided on the concrete 3D printer printing platform; a 3D printer printing nozzle lifting rod is provided on the concrete 3D printer frame, and a 3D printer printing nozzle and a fiber braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device are installed on the 3D printer printing nozzle lifting rod; the 3D printer printing nozzle lifting rod and the fiber braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device are connected to an external computer of the concrete 3D printer.

[0008] The printing nozzle of a 3D printer includes a hopper, which is fixedly connected to the printing nozzle through a rotating shaft fixing rod below the hopper; a rotating shaft blade is also provided between the hopper and the printing nozzle; the rotating shaft rod passes through the hopper, the central axis of the rotating shaft blade, and the printing nozzle in sequence; the rotating shaft blade is connected to the controller through a rotating shaft numerical control wire. The hopper is a conical cylinder, or the upper part of the hopper is cylindrical and the lower part is conical.

[0009] The 3D printing device for fiber braided reinforced concrete is connected to the printing nozzle of the 3D printer through a fiber braider fixer; the 3D printing device for fiber braided reinforced concrete is located on the front side of the printing nozzle of the 3D printer;

[0010] The 3D printing device for fiber braided reinforced concrete sequentially includes a flexible fiber storage box, a fiber mesh weaving box, a steel fiber processor, and a fusing component from top to bottom; a weaving shuttle is provided in the fiber mesh weaving box; the steel fiber processor includes a steel fiber implanting device and a steel fiber directional distributor. The steel fiber directional distributor is used to magnetize the steel fibers to make them directionally distributed, and the steel fiber implanting device is used to insert the steel fibers into the fiber grid and insert the steel fibers into the fiber mesh by means of the cross weaving of horizontal and vertical fibers; the fiber mesh weaving box is connected to the controller through a fiber braider numerical control wire, and the steel fiber processor is connected to the controller through a steel fiber processor numerical control wire; the fusing component is used to fuse the fiber mesh at the end of printing.

[0011] The 3D printing method for fiber filament braided reinforced concrete, using the 3D printing device for fiber filament braided reinforced concrete as described above, includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. Conduct structural design on the component;

[0013] S2. Conduct fiber mesh distribution design according to mechanical property requirements;

[0014] S3. Export the design information of the component, including the structural design of the component, printing material information, and fiber mesh distribution information;

[0015] S4. Use a computer to generate printing codes, and the printing codes include concrete extrusion path information and fiber mesh weaving parameter information;

[0016] S5. Transmit the codes to the 3D printing device for fiber filament braided reinforced concrete;

[0017] S6. Place the prepared printing materials and fiber raw materials respectively in the feeding device of the 3D printing device for fiber filament braided reinforced concrete;

[0018] S7. The controller of the 3D printing device for fiber filament braided reinforced concrete prints according to the codes.

[0019] In S1, the structure of the component is designed. First, according to the dimensions of the required structure, a model diagram of the component is drawn on CAD and imported into the printer system. The system automatically generates the printing path for each layer based on the model diagram.

[0020] Flexible fibers are used for the fibers used to weave the fiber mesh, and steel fibers are used for the steel fibers used for implantation.

[0021] For the steel fibers used for implantation, the length is determined according to the printing height of each layer, and the maximum length of the steel fibers is the single-layer printing height.

[0022] Step S1 includes:

[0023] Design the structure of the component;

[0024] Draw the CAD drawing of the designed structure;

[0025] Judge whether the drawn drawing meets the printing requirements. If it does not meet the printability requirements, optimize the structure.

[0026] In S2, a mechanical analysis of the structure is carried out to calculate the distribution density of the fiber mesh and the distribution density of the steel fibers; the fiber mesh is located between the upper and lower strip layers of the printed concrete.

[0027] Step S2 includes:

[0028] Design the distribution of the fiber mesh for the structure;

[0029] Judge whether the designed fiber mesh distribution meets the mechanical property requirements of the component. If it does not meet the requirements, optimize the fiber mesh distribution.

[0030] In step S4, the concrete extrusion path information includes printing configuration and printing movement configuration. The printing configuration includes printing layer thickness and concrete material extrusion speed, and the printing movement configuration includes nozzle movement speed and the movement path of the nozzle.

[0031] In step S4, the fiber mesh weaving parameter information includes the weaving density of the fiber mesh, the insertion density of the steel fibers, the weaving width of the fiber mesh, the weaving length of the fiber mesh, and the rotation time and angle of the fiber weaver fixator.

[0032] In S7, after putting all raw materials including ready-mixed concrete, flexible fiber filaments, and steel fibers, start the printer. As the concrete strip is extruded, a fiber mesh is covered below the strip to enhance the bonding force between the upper and lower strips.

[0033] The weaving speed of the fiber mesh weaving box is consistent with the movement speed of the printing nozzle and is adjusted at any time to ensure tight bonding between the fiber mesh and the concrete strip.

[0034] After printing is completed, cover the concrete surface with a film and cure it at normal temperature for no less than 28 days.

[0035] In order to feed the woven fiber mesh into the concrete layer more flexibly and smoothly, a fiber weaver fixer is arranged around the concrete barrel. The fiber weaver fixer is connected to the 3D printer, and the rotation direction of the fiber weaver fixer is controlled by the printing code to ensure that it is always in front of the printing strip.

[0036] The method of the present invention is mainly used for printing beam structures. The woven fiber mesh is horizontally distributed in the concrete layer. The woven fiber mesh should completely cover the concrete layer, and both the length and width should exceed the printed concrete layer by 3 cm.

[0037] The method of the present invention is mainly used for printing beam structures. Longitudinal steel fibers are interspersed in the woven horizontal fiber mesh. According to the different force conditions of the components, the distribution density of the steel fibers at different positions of the components is not the same.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0039] The present invention precisely optimizes the mechanical properties of components according to the mechanical property requirements. By weaving the fiber mesh, the fiber mesh is placed between the 3D printed concrete layers. The horizontal fibers are located between the printed layers, and the longitudinal fibers penetrate the printing strip, making the combination between the printed layers more firm and making the printed components have better toughness.

[0040] Compared with directly adding fibers to the concrete and then printing after stirring at present, the density and direction of the fibers distributed in the structure are uncertain. The present invention analyzes the mechanical properties in advance, uses an intelligent machine to place the horizontal fibers between the printed layers, and inserts the longitudinal fibers vertically between the printed layers according to different force application methods, and adjusts the insertion density according to the different force conditions at different positions, avoiding the situation that the printer is blocked due to fiber entanglement during the stirring process.

[0041] The present invention inserts horizontal and vertical fibers into the concrete printed layer by weaving the fiber mesh, solves the problem that 3D printed concrete lacks toughness due to the lack of steel bar implantation, realizes the reinforcement of 3D printed concrete by the fiber mesh, overcomes the difficulty of adding fibers and being difficult to extrude. At the same time, the present invention realizes the directional and quantitative fiber insertion by automatically controlling the weaving of the fiber mesh and the insertion of steel fibers, enhances the integrity of 3D printed concrete components with less overall mass increase, improves the vertical load bearing capacity, and promotes the application of 3D printed concrete in practical projects. Description of the Drawings

[0042] Figure 1It is the overall schematic diagram of the fiber filament woven reinforced concrete 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of the printing nozzle of the concrete 3D printer provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is the side view of the fiber weaver of the fiber filament woven reinforced concrete 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 It is the top view of the fiber weaver of the fiber filament woven reinforced concrete 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 It is the front view of the fiber weaver of the fiber filament woven reinforced concrete 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 It is the cross-sectional fiber distribution of the concrete printed by the fiber filament woven reinforced concrete 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 It is the longitudinal-section steel fiber distribution of the concrete printed by the fiber filament woven reinforced concrete 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 It is the planar fiber distribution of the concrete printed by the fiber filament woven reinforced concrete 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 It is the printing schematic diagram of the fiber filament woven reinforced concrete 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 10 It is the detailed drawing of the fiber mesh weaving of the fiber filament woven reinforced concrete 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 11 It is the printing flow chart of the fiber filament woven reinforced concrete 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] List of reference numerals:

[0054] 1. Frame of the concrete 3D printer, 2. Printing platform of the concrete 3D printer, 3. Lifting rod of the 3D printer printing nozzle, 4. External computer of the concrete 3D printer, 5. Printing nozzle of the 3D printer, 6. Fiber woven reinforced concrete 3D printing device;

[0055] 501. Rotating shaft numerical control wire, 502. Nozzle rotating rod, 503. Hopper, 504. Rotating shaft fixing rod, 505. Rotating shaft blade, 506. Printing nozzle;

[0056] 601. Fiber braider numerical control wire, 602. Fiber braider fixator, 603. Flexible fiber storage box, 604. Fiber mesh braiding box, 605. Steel fiber processor, 6041. Braiding shuttle, 606. Fusing component, 607. Steel fiber processor numerical control wire, 6051. Steel fiber implanting device, 6052. Steel fiber directional distributor;

[0057] 101. Interlayer fiber mesh, 102. Concrete strip, 103. Steel fiber. Specific implementation manner

[0058] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Additionally, it should be noted that for the sake of description, only parts related to the present invention rather than all structures are shown in the drawings.

[0059] Based on the fiber filament braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device, as Figure 1 shown, it includes the concrete 3D printer printing platform 2, and a concrete 3D printer frame 1 is provided on the concrete 3D printer printing platform 2; a 3D printer printing nozzle lifting rod 3 is provided on the concrete 3D printer frame 1, and a 3D printer printing nozzle 5 and a fiber braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device 6 are installed on the 3D printer printing nozzle lifting rod 3; the 3D printer printing nozzle lifting rod 3 and the fiber braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device 6 are connected to the external computer 4 of the concrete 3D printer.

[0060] As Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown, the 3D printer printing nozzle 5 includes a hopper 503, and the hopper 503 is connected to the printing nozzle 506 through a rotating shaft fixing rod 504 below; a rotating shaft blade 505 is further provided between the hopper 503 and the printing nozzle 506; the nozzle rotating rod 502 sequentially passes through the center axes of the hopper 503, the rotating shaft blade 505, and the printing nozzle 506; the rotating shaft blade 505 is connected to the controller through a rotating shaft numerical control wire 501.

[0061] As Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the fiber braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device 6 is connected to the 3D printer printing nozzle 5 through a fiber braider fixator 602; the fiber braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device 6 is located in front of the 3D printer printing nozzle 5;

[0062] The fiber braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device 6 successively includes a flexible fiber storage box 603, a fiber mesh braiding box 604, a steel fiber processor 605, and a fusing component 606 from top to bottom; a braiding shuttle 6041 is arranged in the fiber mesh braiding box 604; the steel fiber processor 605 includes a steel fiber implanting device 6051 and a steel fiber directional distributor 6052. The steel fiber directional distributor 6052 is used to magnetize the steel fibers to make them directionally distributed, and the steel fiber implanting device 6051 is used to insert the steel fibers into the fiber grid and insert the steel fibers into the fiber mesh by means of the cross braiding of horizontal and vertical fibers; the fiber mesh braiding box 604 is connected to the controller through a fiber braider numerical control line 601, and the steel fiber processor 605 is connected to the controller through a steel fiber processor numerical control line 607; the fusing component 606 is used to fuse the fiber mesh at the end of printing.

[0063] As Figure 9 and Figure 11 , the embodiment provides a 3D printing method based on fiber filament braided reinforced concrete, including the following steps:

[0064] S1. Conduct structural design on the component;

[0065] S2. Conduct fiber mesh distribution design according to mechanical property requirements;

[0066] S3. Export the design information of the component, including the structural design of the component, printing material information, and fiber mesh distribution information;

[0067] S4. Use a computer to generate printing codes, and the printing codes include concrete extrusion path information and fiber mesh braiding parameter information;

[0068] S5. Transmit the codes to the 3D printing device based on fiber filament braided reinforced concrete;

[0069] S6. Place the prepared printing materials and fiber raw materials in the feeding devices of the 3D printing device based on fiber filament braided reinforced concrete respectively;

[0070] S7. The controller of the 3D printing device based on fiber filament braided reinforced concrete performs printing according to the codes.

[0071] For the steel fiber processor 605, the first half magnetizes the steel fibers to make them directionally distributed, and the second half inserts the steel fibers into the fiber grid and inserts the steel fibers into the fiber mesh by means of the cross braiding of horizontal and vertical fibers.

[0072] For S2, conduct mechanical analysis on the structure, and the distribution density of the fiber grid and the distribution density of the steel fibers can be calculated.

[0073] The fiber grid is located between the upper and lower layers of printed concrete strips. The main function of the fiber grid is to improve the toughness of the structure and partly enhance the adhesion between the printed strips. Steel fibers can penetrate through the upper and lower layers of strips, and their main function is to increase the adhesion between the printed strips.

[0074] At the exit of the fiber mesh at the bottom of the device, there is a fusing component 606 that can fuse the fiber mesh at the end of printing.

[0075] For the fiber weaver fixer 602, it can ensure that the fiber weaver is always located in front of the printed strip.

[0076] For S1, for the structural design of the component, first draw the model diagram of the component on CAD according to the size of the required structure, and import it into the printer system. The system automatically generates the printing path for each layer according to the model diagram.

[0077] Any common flexible fiber can be used for the fiber for weaving the fiber mesh. Currently, only steel fiber can be used for the steel fiber for implanting.

[0078] For the steel fiber for implanting, its length needs to be determined according to the printing height of each layer, and the maximum length of the steel fiber is the single-layer printing height.

[0079] For S7, after putting all raw materials including freshly mixed concrete, flexible fiber filaments, and steel fibers, start the printer. As the concrete strip is extruded, a fiber mesh will cover below the strip to enhance the adhesion between the upper and lower strips.

[0080] The weaving speed of the fiber mesh weaving box 604 is consistent with the movement speed of the printing nozzle and is adjusted at any time to ensure that the fiber mesh can be tightly adhered to the concrete strip.

[0081] The mechanical properties of the component are simulated and analyzed using abaqus.

[0082] Pour the freshly mixed concrete into the nozzle hopper 503, and through the rotation and pumping of the nozzle rotating rod 502, the freshly mixed concrete is extruded from the lower end of the nozzle.

[0083] The rotation of the nozzle rotating rod 502 is controlled by connecting an external device through the rotating shaft numerical control wire 501. The external device can control the rotation speed of the nozzle rotating rod 502 to control the extrusion speed of the concrete.

[0084] Before the 3D printing device is enabled, put the flexible fiber into the flexible fiber storage box 603 and put the steel fiber into the steel fiber processor 605.

[0085] After the 3D printing device is started, the fiber mesh weaving box starts to work and weaves the fiber in the flexible fiber storage box into a flexible fiber mesh by means of weaving.

[0086] The steel fiber processor 605 is divided into two parts, the front part is the steel fiber directional distributor 6052, and the rear part is the steel fiber implanting device 6051.

[0087] After the 3D printing device is started, the steel fiber processor 605 starts to work. First, the steel fiber directional distributor 6052 magnetizes the steel fibers and distributes them directionally, then transfers the steel fibers to the steel fiber implanting device 6051. After that, the steel fiber implanting device 6051 inserts the steel fibers into the fiber mesh woven by the fiber mesh weaving box 604.

[0088] The position where the steel fibers are inserted is the cross of the fiber mesh.

[0089] The fiber mesh weaving box 604 and the steel fiber processor 605 are respectively connected to external devices for control by the fiber weaver numerical control line 601 and the steel fiber processor numerical control line 607.

[0090] Furthermore, the external device can control the weaving density of the fiber mesh and the insertion density of the steel fibers through the fiber weaver numerical control line 601 and the steel fiber processor numerical control line 607 to meet the reinforcement requirements of some structures of the component and the overall force-bearing requirements of the component.

[0091] A fusing component 606 is provided at the outlet end of the entire weaving device, which can fuse the fiber mesh after printing is completed.

[0092] In Figure 6 、 Figure 8 The steel fiber 103 runs through the upper and lower concrete strips 102, and the interlayer fiber mesh 101 is located between the upper and lower concrete strips 102. The steel fiber 103 and the interlayer fiber mesh 101 are used to enhance the bonding effect between the printed strips and are also used to generate cracks when the component is stressed.

[0093] In Figure 7 It shows that under the control of the external device, the steel fibers 103 are inserted with different densities, and at the same time, steel fibers of different lengths can be inserted.

[0094] The nozzle of the printer head of this printer can be replaced, and a round nozzle and a square nozzle can be selected for printing during the printing process;

[0095] In Figure 10 It shows the scene inside the fiber mesh weaving box 604 during operation, where the weaver 6041 continuously shuttles between the vertical steel fibers 103 to weave the flexible fibers into the interlayer fiber mesh 101.

Claims

1. A 3D printing device based on fiber filament braided reinforced concrete, characterized in that: The invention comprises a concrete 3D printer printing platform (2), on which a concrete 3D printer frame (1) is arranged; on the concrete 3D printer frame (1) a 3D printer print head lifting rod (3) is arranged; a 3D printer print head (5) and a fiber braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device (6) are installed on the 3D printer print head lifting rod (3); the 3D printer print head lifting rod (3) and the fiber braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device (6) are connected to an external computer (4) of the concrete 3D printer; The 3D printer print head (5) comprises a hopper (503), the bottom of the hopper (503) is connected to a print nozzle (506) via a rotating shaft fixing rod (504); a rotating shaft blade (505) is also provided between the hopper (503) and the print nozzle (506); the head rotating rod (502) passes through the hopper (503), the central axis of the rotating shaft blade (505), and the print nozzle (506) in sequence; the rotating shaft blade (505) is connected to a controller via a rotating shaft numerical control line (501); The fiber braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device (6) is connected to the 3D printer print head (5) via a fiber braiding device fixture (602); the fiber braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device (6) is located in front of the 3D printer print head (5); The fiber braiding reinforced concrete 3D printing device (6) comprises, from top to bottom, a flexible fiber storage box (603), a fiber mesh braiding box (604), a steel fiber processor (605), and a fuse assembly (606); a braiding shuttle (6041) is arranged in the fiber mesh braiding box (604); the steel fiber processor (605) comprises a steel fiber implanter (6051) and a steel fiber directional distributor (6052); the steel fiber directional distributor (6052) is used to magnetize the steel fibers so that they are distributed in a directional manner; the steel fiber implanter (6051) is used to insert the steel fibers into the fiber mesh by means of cross-weaving of the horizontal and vertical fibers; the fiber mesh braiding box (604) is connected to a controller via a fiber braiding device numerical control line (601), and the steel fiber processor (605) is connected to the controller via a steel fiber processor numerical control line (607); and the fuse assembly (606) is used to fuse the fiber mesh when printing is finished.

2. A 3D printing method based on fiber filament braided reinforced concrete, characterized in that: The 3D printing device based on fiber filament braided reinforced concrete according to claim 1 comprises the following steps: S1. Structural design of components; S2. Design the fiber mesh distribution according to the mechanical performance requirements; S3. Exporting the design information of the component, including the structural design of the component, printing material information and fiber web distribution information; S4, using a computer to generate a printing code, wherein the printing code includes concrete extrusion path information and fiber mesh weaving parameter information; S5, transmitting the code to a 3D printing device based on fiber filament braided reinforced concrete; S6, placing the prepared printing material and fiber raw material in a feeding device based on a fiber filament braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device respectively; S7. A controller of the fiber filament braided reinforced concrete 3D printing device performs printing according to the code.

3. The 3D printing method based on fiber filament braided reinforced concrete according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In S1, the structural design of the component is performed. First, a model diagram of the component is drawn on CAD according to the required structural dimensions and imported into the printer system. The system automatically generates a printing path for each layer according to the model diagram. Flexible fibers are used for weaving fiber nets, and steel fibers are used for implantation; The length of the steel fiber used for implantation is determined according to the printing height of each layer, and the maximum length of the steel fiber is the single-layer printing height.

4. The 3D printing method based on fiber filament braided reinforced concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S2, the structure is mechanically analyzed to calculate the distribution density of the fiber mesh and the distribution density of the steel fibers; the fiber mesh is located between the upper and lower strips of printed concrete.

5. The 3D printing method based on fiber filament braided reinforced concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S7, after all raw materials including ready-mixed concrete, flexible fiber filaments, and steel fibers are placed, the printer is started, and as the concrete strips are extruded, a fiber mesh is covered under the strips to enhance the bonding force between the upper and lower strips; The weaving speed of the fiber mesh weaving box (604) is consistent with the movement speed of the printing nozzle and is adjusted at any time to ensure that the fiber mesh and the concrete strip are tightly bonded.

Images