Gel microchannel and method of making same

Abstract

The present application relates to gel channel preparation technical field, especially to a kind of closed gel microchannel and preparation method thereof.Preparation method includes the obtaining of polymer film with crosslinking network;Substrate, polymer film, light transmission layer are sequentially and closely pressed and attached from bottom to top;Laser emitted by light source is transmitted to polymer film from light transmission layer in the way of normal incidence through incident light path, and the inside of polymer film is burned to form closed microchannel;Continue laser irradiation to the part of burning treatment more than once to realize further adjustment of closed microchannel structure by adjusting laser energy density;Polymer film with the closed microchannel forms closed gel microchannel after absorbing solvent.The present application can realize the preparation of closed gel channel by using commercial continuous laser for processing, and has the advantages of simple processing equipment and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gel channel preparation technology, and in particular to a gel microchannel and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Gels are substances in which polymers are linked together by physical or chemical forces to form a three-dimensional network structure, with the voids filled with a liquid that serves as the dispersion medium. Gel microchannels, with their hollow, closed microchannel structure, exhibit a high degree of structural similarity to natural tissues (such as the human capillary network). Therefore, constructing hollow, closed microchannel structures within gels has important applications in fields such as tissue engineering.

[0003] To construct vascular-like systems within hydrogel materials, various polymer microfabrication techniques have been used to develop gel microchannel systems, including photolithography, injection molding, sacrificial template methods, and modular assembly. Typical processing steps include template fabrication, molding, demolding, and encapsulation. However, due to the softness and water / organic solvent content of hydrogel materials, localized stress during these processes can easily damage the gel, introducing defects into the microchannels. This leads to low channel retention during fabrication, particularly in high aspect ratio and small-scale microchannel fabrication. Existing gel microchannel fabrication technologies generally suffer from long process flows and low processing efficiency. Firstly, the pattern and cross-sectional shape of the microchannels depend on high-precision templates, resulting in high costs. Secondly, existing technologies primarily form surface channel structures; to obtain closed channels, precise positioning, stacking, and bonding are required, which is difficult to achieve. Furthermore, the stress applied during bonding can easily lead to uneven edges, further limiting processing accuracy.

[0004] Patterning channels using laser technology offers the advantage of eliminating the need for templates. However, existing laser processing techniques (including degradation, direct writing, and ablation) for patterning hydrogels and other soft materials generally employ short-wavelength nanosecond, picosecond, or even femtosecond pulsed lasers to reduce thermal diffusion effects and avoid shock wave effects in order to improve processing accuracy. This involves expensive specialized equipment, demanding experimental conditions, and low processing efficiency, making it unsuitable for large-scale applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for forming closed gel microchannels in situ by laser processing through a setting of tightly pressurized bonding between the light-transmitting layer and the polymer film. This method has the advantages of no template required, convenient operation, and low cost, and can avoid the technical problems of low processing accuracy, high preparation difficulty, or high cost in bonding processes.

[0007] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a gel microchannel and its application and preparation apparatus.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by this invention include:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing gel microchannels, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Obtaining a polymer film with a cross-linked network;

[0011] S2, The substrate, polymer film, and light-transmitting layer are tightly bonded together in sequence from bottom to top under pressure;

[0012] S3. The laser emitted by the light source is transmitted from the light-transmitting layer to the polymer film through the incident light path in a normal incident manner, and the interior of the polymer film is burned to form a closed microchannel.

[0013] The wavelength of the laser is 10nm to 1mm, the irradiation power is 1W to 2W, and the laser energy density is 55 to 110J / m.

[0014] S4. Adjust the laser wavelength to 10nm~1mm, the irradiation power to 100mW~1W, and the laser energy density to 6~55J / m. Continue to irradiate the ablation area with laser more than once to further adjust the closed microchannel structure.

[0015] S5. The polymer film with the closed microchannels forms a closed gel microchannel after adsorbing the solvent.

[0016] The cross-linked network is formed through chemical or physical cross-linking.

[0017] In this invention, the cavity formed by laser ablation inside a polymer film and the resulting patterned channels form closed gel microchannels after the polymer film absorbs water or other organic solvents. Specifically, during laser irradiation, the substrate and the light-transmitting layer, which are closely bonded to the polymer film, effectively conduct heat between the upper and lower surfaces of the polymer film, resulting in the region with the highest temperature rise being in the middle region of the polymer film, far from the substrate and the light-transmitting layer. This creates a sufficiently high temperature inside the polymer film, causing polymer decomposition. Meanwhile, the temperatures on the upper and lower surfaces of the polymer film are lower, not reaching the decomposition temperature of the polymer, and thus no decomposition occurs. This results in the in-situ generation of cavities and the resulting patterned channels within the polymer film, i.e., closed microchannels. In particular, based on this, the cross-linked network of the polymer film absorbs the solvent, thereby forming gel microchannels in situ, which is significantly different from the channel structure of conventional laser-processed surfaces. This invention avoids the technical problems of low processing precision, high preparation difficulty, or high cost associated with surface-based channel structure processing techniques that require further bonding treatment of the surface channel structure to obtain closed microchannel structures.

[0018] In this technical solution, by combining laser processing parameters, pressure pre-deformation treatment, and the selection of film thickness and substrate, the geometric dimensions and ellipticity of the microchannels, as well as the position of the microchannels in the film, can be flexibly changed. Furthermore, by setting up polymer films with uniform or non-uniform compositions and performing secondary processing after flipping the polymer films, single-layer or two-layer channel structures, as well as the microchannels being located at the same or different positions within the film, can also be obtained.

[0019] The smoothness of the channel walls can be adjusted by repeatedly irradiating the writing surface with lasers. Specifically, the geometry of the microchannel can be flexibly altered by adjusting the initial laser power. The area treated with the initial ablation is then irradiated again with a significantly lower laser energy density (6–55 J / m). This utilizes the lower laser energy density to generate a lower temperature rise within the polymer film, thereby reshaping and deforming the walls of the sealed microchannels to adjust their smoothness.

[0020] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the closed gel microchannel is an ellipse or a circle with different elliptic shapes, with the long side and short side being 20–500 μm and 20–200 μm, respectively.

[0021] Optionally, the polymer film is doped with nanomaterials that can absorb infrared or ultraviolet waves; by doping with these nanomaterials, its absorbance is increased, and by adjusting the type and ratio of nanomaterials, among others, the cross-sectional size of the closed microchannel is adjusted.

[0022] The polymer film must have the ability to adsorb water or other organic solvents.

[0023] Optionally, the method for preparing gel microchannels further includes the following steps:

[0024] The substrate, polymer film, and light-transmitting layer, which are sequentially and tightly bonded together from bottom to top to form an integral structure, are then flipped.

[0025] or

[0026] Simply flip the polymer film.

[0027] or

[0028] Simply by moving the polymer film,

[0029] Repeat steps S2-S4, and in step S5, a polymer film with two or more microchannels can be obtained.

[0030] When the overall structure is flipped, the substrate must be set to be transparent.

[0031] Optionally, the laser ablation begins on the outer side of the polymer film; when the laser contacts the polymer film, the laser velocity is <10 mm / s. This ensures that the pyrolysis gas generated during the initial ablation at the edge of the polymer film is released promptly through the edge.

[0032] Optionally, the residual mass of the polymer film at a decomposition temperature of 300°C is <30%.

[0033] Optionally, the heat resistance temperature of the light-transmitting layer is above 800°C.

[0034] Optionally, the light transmittance of the light-transmitting layer is >50%; preferably, the light transmittance of the light-transmitting layer is >90%.

[0035] Optionally, the light-transmitting layer is an optical window.

[0036] Optionally, if the laser source is a carbon dioxide laser with a wavelength of 10.6 micrometers, the material of the light-transmitting layer is sodium chloride, zinc selenide, or silicon wafer; if the laser source is in the ultraviolet or infrared band, the material of the light-transmitting layer is calcium fluoride crystal.

[0037] Optionally, the polymer film is a non-uniform structure composed of polymer materials of different materials, which can obtain a closed microchannel pattern with non-uniform cross-sectional dimensions;

[0038] Optionally, the polymer film is a nanocomposite polymer made by combining nanomaterials with infrared absorption capabilities.

[0039] Specifically, the polymer film can be a uniform or non-uniform polymer film constructed by doping different types or amounts of nanomaterials that can absorb infrared or ultraviolet waves. The non-uniform polymer film can be constructed by multiple casting, multiple coating, or printing of polymers with multiple components.

[0040] In this invention, a uniform polymer film refers to a film whose composition is uniform at different locations.

[0041] Non-uniform polymer films refer to materials whose composition is spatially non-uniform, resulting in different absorbance rates for infrared or ultraviolet waves at different locations or directions.

[0042] Under the same laser processing conditions, in non-uniform polymer films, regions with higher absorbance have larger cross-sectional dimensions of closed microchannels, which are located closer to the upper surface of the polymer film; regions with lower absorbance have smaller cross-sectional dimensions of closed microchannels, which are located closer to the lower surface of the polymer film. Therefore, by using non-uniform polymer films as the processing object and adjusting the laser processing parameters, closed microchannels with non-uniform cross-sectional dimensions can be fabricated. Furthermore, the distribution of the same closed microchannel within the polymer film can be made non-plane. Here, "plane" refers to a plane parallel to the polymer film; that is, the closed microchannels can be arbitrarily distributed in the three-dimensional structural space within the polymer film, with the same closed microchannel distributed at different heights within the polymer film; microchannels can also be formed at different heights, thus realizing double-layer microchannels or even multi-layer microchannels.

[0043] Optionally, in step S2, the close fit is achieved by applying external pressure.

[0044] Optionally, the applied external pressure ranges from 1 to 30 kPa. Pre-stressing causes the polymer film to pre-deform, and after laser processing to obtain channels and releasing the pressure, the cross-sectional shape of the channels can change accordingly. Thus, the cross-sectional shape of the microchannels can be customized by adjusting the magnitude of the applied external force.

[0045] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the microchannel is elliptical, and the ellipticity of the cross-section after pressure release can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of pre-applied pressure.

[0046] Optionally, the thickness of the polymer film is >40 micrometers.

[0047] Optionally, when the polymer film thickness is 40 micrometers to 1 millimeter, the position of the microchannels in the polymer film can be adjusted by adjusting the polymer film thickness and the thermal conductivity of the substrate. When the polymer film thickness is greater than 1 millimeter, the substrate is far from the heat source and has no effect on the temperature distribution in the polymer film.

[0048] In this invention, the combination of the thickness of the polymer film, the thermal conductivity of the substrate, and the wavelength and energy density of the laser is crucial.

[0049] The higher the thermal conductivity of the substrate (>50 W / (m·K)), the closer the microchannels are to the upper side of the polymer film. Conversely, the lower the thermal conductivity of the substrate (<50 W / (m·K)), the closer the microchannels are to the lower side.

[0050] Optionally, the substrate can be made of any inorganic material. The surface of the substrate has a flat structure.

[0051] Optionally, the adsorption method includes immersing the polymer film in a solvent.

[0052] Optionally, the adsorption method includes placing a polymer film in a cavity filled with solvent vapor.

[0053] Secondly, the present invention provides a gel channel prepared by the preparation method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0054] Thirdly, the present invention provides the application of the gel channels described in any of the above embodiments in tissue engineering scaffolds.

[0055] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a gel channel preparation apparatus, which includes a substrate, a light-transmitting layer, a laser light source, and a scaffold.

[0056] The substrate and the light-transmitting layer are detachably mounted on the support, and the light-transmitting layer is located at the upper end of the substrate, with the laser emitted by the laser source incident from the upper end of the light-transmitting layer;

[0057] A polymer film is disposed between the substrate and the light-transmitting layer;

[0058] Optionally, it also includes a pressure-applying component that can apply pressure to tightly bond the light-transmitting layer, the polymer film, and the substrate in a top-to-bottom order.

[0059] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0060] The present invention provides a method for in-situ forming of closed gel microchannels, which can be achieved by using commercial continuous laser processing. It has the advantages of simple processing equipment and low cost. It can avoid the technical problems of low processing accuracy, high preparation difficulty or high cost in surface-based channel structure processing technology, which requires further bonding treatment of the surface channel structure to obtain a closed channel structure. It has the advantages of no template required and convenient operation.

[0061] In this invention, the pressure bonding design between the light-transmitting layer and the polymer film allows the laser to directly form a closed microchannel within the polymer film. Due to this design, the polymer film can be used instead of the gel for laser processing, avoiding the technical problems caused by the gel as a soft material. Moreover, high-precision microchannel generation can be achieved using only ordinary lasers.

[0062] This invention combines laser processing conditions, polymer absorbance adjustment, pre-pressurization pressure, and multiple laser treatments to achieve the advantage of flexible adjustment of the geometric dimensions, cross-sectional shape, and wall smoothness of the closed gel microchannels. By constructing a polymer film with a non-uniform composition, closed channel patterns with non-uniform cross-sectional dimensions and at different positions on the polymer film can be obtained. Attached Figure Description

[0063] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the substrate, polymer film, light-transmitting layer, and incident path of the light source in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional micrograph of the closed microchannel in Example 1, with the scale bar at 100 μm.

[0065] Figure 3 This is a micrograph of the inner wall of the closed microchannel in Example 1. The scale bar in the figure is 10 μm.

[0066] Figure 4 This is a micrograph of the inner wall of the sealed microchannel after secondary laser treatment in Example 2. The scale bar in the figure is 10 μm.

[0067] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional micrograph of the double-layered closed microchannel in Example 3. The scale bar in the figure is 50 μm.

[0068] Figure 6 The image shows a cross-sectional micrograph of the closed microchannel in Example 4, with the scale bar at 100 μm.

[0069] Figure label:

[0070] 1-Substrate; 2-Polymer film; 3-Transparent layer; 4-Laser; 5-Sealed microchannel. Detailed Implementation

[0071] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments, but is not limited thereto.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] This embodiment provides a method for preparing gel microchannels, the steps of which are as follows:

[0074] S1. Obtaining a polymer film 2 with a cross-linked network: Polyurethane is dissolved in methanol, cast into a film, and the methanol is evaporated to obtain a polyurethane film 2; a physical cross-linked network is formed in the polyurethane film 2 through hydrogen bonds between urethane groups;

[0075] Polyurethane has good biocompatibility and biodegradability; the thickness of polymer film 2 is 200 micrometers;

[0076] S2. A flat 6063 aluminum alloy is used as the substrate 1, with a thermal conductivity of 200 W / (m·K). Zinc selenide is used as the light-transmitting layer 3. The substrate 1, polyurethane film 2, and light-transmitting layer 3 are sequentially and tightly bonded from bottom to top: the substrate 1 is placed at the bottom, the polyurethane film 2 is covered on the substrate 1, and finally the light-transmitting layer 3 is covered on the polyurethane film 2. These three layers need to be tightly bonded to ensure that the laser 4 can penetrate the light-transmitting layer 3 and accurately burn the polyurethane film 2; the relative positional relationship between the three layers and the laser 4 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown. The pressure applied between the three layers is 2 kPa.

[0077] S3. The laser 4 emitted by the light source is transmitted through the incident light path from directly above the light-transmitting layer 3 into the interior of the polymer film 2 to burn and form a closed microchannel 5: A carbon dioxide laser 4 with a wavelength of 10.6 micrometers is used as the light source, and the laser 4 is transmitted through the incident light path from the light-transmitting layer 3 into the interior of the polymer film 2. The irradiation power of the laser 4 is 100mW, and the energy density is 6J / m. After passing through the light-transmitting layer 3, the laser 4 burns and carves the closed microchannel 5 inside the polymer film 2. The starting position of the laser 4 is 1mm away from the edge of the film 2. In the edge area of ​​the polymer film 2, the movement speed of the laser 4 is set to 1mm / s. After entering the polymer film 2, the movement speed of the laser 4 is set to 10mm / s. The trajectory of the laser 4 is set to a straight line, and the resulting microchannel is a straight line pattern. After the polymer film 2 is removed from the light-transmitting layer 3 and the substrate 1, the pressure is released, and the resulting closed microchannel 5 is shown in the screenshot. Figure 2 The cross-section shown is elliptical in shape, with a short side height of 80 micrometers and a long side width of 150 micrometers. Due to the high thermal conductivity of 6063 aluminum alloy (>50 W / (m·K)), the closed microchannel 5 is located close to the upper side of the polymer film 2. The obtained micrograph of the wall surface of the closed microchannel 5 is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the wall surface is rough. This is because after the polymer is subjected to high-temperature burning, the remaining polymer and broken small molecules do not exit the channel in time and condense on the inner wall of the channel.

[0078] S4. The polyurethane film 2 with the closed microchannels 5 forms a polyurethane closed gel microchannel after absorbing water: The polymer film 2 with the closed microchannels 5 is placed in a container filled with water, allowing the polymer film 2 to absorb the solvent. Water permeates into the interior of the closed microchannels 5, and the polymer absorbs water to form a gel. Thus, the polymer microchannel forms a closed gel microchannel.

[0079] In this embodiment, by tightly bonding the light-transmitting layer 3 to the polymer film 2, and combining the pressure pre-deformation treatment with laser 4 to perform one or more laser 4 ablations on the interior of the polymer film 2, the heat on the surface of the polymer film 2 is effectively conducted through the light-transmitting material, so that the highest temperature rise area is inside the polymer film 2, creating microchannels with different wall smoothness and cross-sectional ellipticity. This avoids the technical problems of low processing accuracy, high preparation difficulty, or high cost in surface-based channel structure processing technology, which requires further bonding processing of the surface channel structure to obtain a closed channel structure.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] Based on Example 1, the closed microchannel was subjected to a second processing treatment using the same laser processing path to adjust the wall of the closed microchannel. The wavelength of the laser was adjusted to a 10.6-micrometer carbon dioxide laser, the irradiation power was adjusted to 0.5W, and the laser energy density was 27J / m. During the second laser processing, the polymer film 2 remained tightly bonded to the light-transmitting layer 3 and the substrate 1. Heat on the surface of the polymer film 2 was effectively conducted through the light-transmitting material, and the area of ​​highest temperature rise remained inside the polymer film 2, especially at the location of the microchannel created in the first laser processing. At a lower laser energy density, a lower temperature rise was generated in the polymer film 2, thereby causing the wall of the closed microchannel 5 to be reshaped and deformed to adjust the smoothness of the channel wall.

[0082] The wall micrographs of the closed microchannel 5 obtained in this embodiment are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the wall surface is smooth.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] Based on Example 1, two layers of microchannels can also be fabricated through the following steps:

[0085] S5. Flip the polymer film 2: Flip the polymer film 2 obtained in step S3 by 180 degrees.

[0086] S6. Repeat steps S2 and S3: After flipping and moving, the polymer film 2 is tightly adhered again to the light-transmitting layer 3, and then laser 4 is used again for ablation and engraving to form a second closed microchannel 5. In this way, two layers of closed microchannels 5 can be formed on the same polymer film 2. A micrograph of its cross-section is shown below. Figure 5 As shown.

[0087] Example 4

[0088] Based on the above embodiment, the external pressure applied during the tight bonding process in step S2 can be increased. The pressure applied during laser processing 4 is 10 kPa. The pre-pressure causes pre-deformation of the polymer film 2. After obtaining the channel through laser processing 4 and releasing the pressure, a micrograph of the channel's cross-section is shown below. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, by adjusting the pressure applied during the laser processing, the elliptical cross-section in the embodiment can be adjusted accordingly to become a circular cross-section shape.

[0089] Example 5

[0090] This embodiment provides a method for preparing gel microchannels, which is based on Examples 1-4. The polymer film is a non-uniform structure with different absorbance distributions, prepared by composite of nanomaterials with infrared absorption capabilities.

[0091] In this embodiment, under the same laser processing conditions, the cross-sectional size of the closed microchannel is larger in regions of the polymer film with higher absorbance, and smaller in regions with lower absorbance. This method prepares a channel pattern with non-uniform cross-sectional dimensions.

[0092] Example 6

[0093] This embodiment provides a gel channel preparation device, which includes a substrate 1, a light-transmitting layer 3, a laser source 4 and a support. The substrate 1 and the light-transmitting layer 3 are detachably mounted on the support, and the light-transmitting layer 3 is located at the upper end of the substrate 1. The laser 4 emitted by the laser source is incident from the upper end of the light-transmitting layer.

[0094] A polymer film is placed between the substrate and the light-transmitting layer.

[0095] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of each component without a support frame in this embodiment.

[0096] It also includes a pressure-applying component that can apply pressure to tightly bond the light-transmitting layer, the polymer film, and the substrate in a top-to-bottom order.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing gel microchannels, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Obtaining a polymer film with a cross-linked network; S2, The substrate, the polymer film, and the light-transmitting layer are arranged in a tightly pressed and bonded manner from bottom to top; The light transmittance of the light-transmitting layer is >50%, and the heat resistance temperature is >800℃; The substrate is a flat, thermally conductive inorganic material. S3. The laser emitted by the light source is transmitted from the light-transmitting layer to the polymer film through the incident light path in a normal incident manner, and the interior of the polymer film is burned to form a closed microchannel. The wavelength of the laser is 10nm~1mm, the irradiation power is 1W~2W, and the laser energy density is 55~110J / m; When the laser source is a carbon dioxide laser with a wavelength of 10.6 micrometers, the material of the light-transmitting layer is sodium chloride, zinc selenide, or silicon wafer; when the laser source is in the ultraviolet or infrared band, the material of the light-transmitting layer is calcium fluoride crystal. S4. Adjust the laser wavelength to 10nm~1mm, adjust the irradiation power to 100mW~1W, and the laser energy density to 6~55J / m. Continue to irradiate the ablation area with laser more than once to further adjust the closed microchannel structure. S5. The polymer film with the closed microchannels forms a closed gel microchannel after adsorbing the solvent.

2. The method for preparing gel microchannels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: The substrate, the polymer film, and the light-transmitting layer, which are sequentially and tightly bonded from bottom to top to form an integral structure, undergo a first flipping. or Simply perform a second flip on the polymer film. or Simply move the polymer film; After the first flip, the second flip, or the movement, steps S2-S4 are repeated, and in step S5, the polymer film with two or more microchannels can be obtained.

3. The method for preparing gel microchannels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The laser ablation begins on the outside of the polymer film; when the laser comes into contact with the polymer film, the laser's movement speed is <10 mm / s.

4. The method for preparing gel microchannels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The residual mass of the polymer film at a decomposition temperature of 300°C is less than 30%.

5. The method for preparing gel microchannels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer film is a non-uniform structure composed of polymer materials of different materials, which can obtain a closed microchannel pattern with non-uniform cross-sectional dimensions.

6. The method for preparing gel microchannels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer film is a nanocomposite polymer made by combining nanomaterials with infrared absorption capabilities. The pressure range for the tight pressurization is 1~30kPa.

7. A gel microchannel prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. The application of the gel microchannel as described in claim 7 in a tissue engineering scaffold.

9. A preparation apparatus for the preparation method of the gel microchannel according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a substrate, a light-transmitting layer, a laser light source, and a support. The substrate and the light-transmitting layer are detachably mounted on the bracket, and the light-transmitting layer is located at the upper end of the substrate, with the laser emitted by the laser source incident from the upper end of the light-transmitting layer; The polymer film is disposed between the substrate and the light-transmitting layer; The preparation apparatus further includes a pressure-applying component, which can apply pressure to tightly bond the light-transmitting layer, the polymer film, and the substrate in a top-to-bottom order.

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