A rotating nozzle device for CO2 phase change jet directional fracturing and a use method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of CO2 phase change jet cracking, in particular to a rotating nozzle device for CO2 phase change jet directional cracking and a use method. An upper controller is used to open an image acquisition end to observe the situation in a borehole, and after the cracking position and direction are determined, the upper controller is used to operate a rotation driving mechanism and a swing driving mechanism to rotate and swing directionally. When the upper controller observes that a release slit is aligned with a cracking direction, the rotation and swing are stopped, so that an impact chamber and a release pipe are positioned. The upper controller is used to open a motion sensor and the image acquisition end to observe and feed back a blasting situation to the upper controller. The great capacity of CO2 phase change jet is released directionally at a specific position, directional blasting cracking occurs, and the expected cracking effect is achieved. The device can be reused without disassembly, is easy to install and operate, and is practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CO2 phase change jet fracturing technology, specifically to a rotating nozzle device and its method of use for CO2 phase change jet directional fracturing. Background Technology

[0002] CO2 phase change fracturing technology is a high-pressure gas blasting technology that utilizes the rapid expansion of liquid CO2 during endothermic vaporization to generate high pressure, causing rock masses to break or crack. As an environmentally friendly green blasting technology, it has advantages such as low vibration, no pollution, and high blasting efficiency. In recent years, CO2 phase change fracturing technology has been applied not only to rock breaking and excavation but also to other fields for cleaning and descaling.

[0003] Currently, there are two main methods for achieving directional fracturing: (1) Using a slotting drill bit, a groove of a certain depth is cut on the axis of the borehole wall in the direction of rock cracking, and then blasting is carried out after the slotted borehole is formed; (2) Changing the charge structure to achieve directional control of rock crack propagation.

[0004] However, in most existing CO2 phase change jet fracturing devices, the release tube position is relatively fixed, making it difficult to form directional cracks. Devices that can achieve CO2 phase change jet directional fracturing generally cannot be reused. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rotating nozzle device and method for directional fracturing using CO2 phase change jets, so as to solve the problem of difficulty in controlling the location of the cracks mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rotating nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jets, comprising:

[0007] A phase change injection assembly includes a phase change chamber, an electrically controlled valve, an impact chamber, and a release pipe connected sequentially from left to right. An electrically heated mesh sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of the phase change chamber. A liquid CO2 inlet is provided on the left side wall of the phase change chamber. A release slit is provided on the outer wall of the release pipe. An opening and closing control assembly is provided inside the release pipe to control the opening and closing of the release slit.

[0008] A raw material supply assembly includes a liquid CO2 storage tank and a water storage tank. The liquid CO2 storage tank and the water storage tank are respectively equipped with an output pipe 1 and an output pipe 2. A suction pump is installed on each of the output pipes. One end of the output pipes extends to the lower inside of the liquid CO2 storage tank and the water storage tank, respectively. The other end of the output pipes is connected to the liquid CO2 inlet and the impact chamber, respectively.

[0009] The drive structure includes a rotary drive mechanism and a swing drive mechanism. The rotary drive mechanism is connected between the electrically controlled valve and the impact chamber, and the swing drive mechanism is connected between the impact chamber and the release pipe. The rotary drive mechanism can drive the impact chamber to rotate, and the swing drive mechanism can drive the release pipe to swing.

[0010] The monitoring and control component includes a host controller, a motion sensor, an image acquisition terminal, and a detection terminal. The detection terminal is installed on the left side wall of the phase change chamber and includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor that extend into the phase change chamber. The motion sensor and the image acquisition terminal are installed at the release pipe and the opening / closing control component. The output terminals of the detection terminal, the motion sensor, and the image acquisition terminal are connected to the host controller. The output terminal of the host controller is connected to the electric heating mesh sleeve, the suction pump, the electric control valve, the turnover drive mechanism, and the swing drive mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the release slit is rectangular, elliptical, or circular.

[0012] Preferably, the release tube is hollow and open at both ends. The opening and closing control component includes an inner rotating tube disposed inside the release tube. A through groove corresponding to the position of the release slot is formed on the outer wall of the inner rotating tube. The inner rotating tube is fitted to the inner wall of the release tube. A closing plate is connected to the right end of the inner rotating tube. The closing plate is fitted to the right end opening of the release tube. A support plate is rotatably mounted on the right side of the closing plate. An opening and closing drive motor is installed on the right side of the support plate. The output end of the opening and closing drive motor is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the closing plate.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the inner rotating tube is provided with a positioning ring, the positioning ring is installed coaxially with the inner rotating tube, and the inner wall of the release tube is provided with an annular groove that mates with the positioning ring.

[0014] Preferably, a side protective cover is screwed to the left side of the outer wall of the phase change chamber, the output pipe passes through the side protective cover, and the detection end is located inside the side protective cover.

[0015] Preferably, the rotation drive mechanism includes a hollow ball seat with openings at both ends. The left end of the ball seat is connected to the right end of the electrically controlled valve. A ball head is rotatably connected inside the ball seat. A flow channel is laterally opened in the middle of the ball head. The right end of the ball head is connected to the left side wall of the impact chamber, and the flow channel communicates with the impact chamber. A slide bar is provided around the outer wall of the ball head. A groove that mates with the slide bar is provided around the inner wall of the ball seat. A limit ring is connected to the right end of the ball seat. The inner diameter of the limit ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the ball head. A rotary drive motor is provided on the outer wall of the ball head. A drive gear is connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive motor. A gear ring that matches the drive gear is provided on the outer wall of the ball head.

[0016] Preferably, the swing drive mechanism includes a hollow ball seat two with openings at both ends. The left end of the ball seat two is connected to the right side wall of the impact chamber. A ball head two is rotatably connected inside the ball seat two. A flow channel two is provided on the ball head two. The right side of the ball head two is connected to the left side wall of the release tube. The flow channel two communicates with the release tube. A guide groove is provided on the outer wall of the ball head two. A guide rod is connected to the inner wall of the ball seat two. The guide rod is slidably inserted into the guide groove. A telescopic mechanism is installed on the upper surface of the ball seat two. A collar is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism. The inside of the collar is a waist-shaped hole. A column is provided on the outer wall of the ball head two. The column passes through the waist-shaped hole inside the collar and extends upward. A limit stop ring two is connected to the right side wall of the ball seat two. The inner diameter of the limit stop ring two is smaller than the outer diameter of the ball seat two.

[0017] Preferably, the outer wall of the ball head two is provided with an outward protrusion strip, and the guide groove is formed on the outward protrusion strip.

[0018] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or a linear motor.

[0019] A method for using a rotary nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jets, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0020] Step 1: Drill holes according to the site conditions and the length of the rotary nozzle device for CO2 phase change jet directional fracturing, and place the rotary nozzle device for CO2 phase change jet directional fracturing at the corresponding drill hole.

[0021] Step 2: Use the host controller to turn on the image acquisition terminal to observe the situation inside the borehole. After determining the location and direction of the fracture, use the host controller to operate the rotation drive mechanism and the swing drive mechanism to rotate and swing for orientation. When the host controller observes that the release seam is aligned with the direction of the fracture, stop the rotation and swing to position the impact chamber and the release pipe.

[0022] Step 3: The liquid CO2 storage tank injects liquid CO2 into the phase change chamber using the corresponding suction pump. The electric heating mesh is energized to heat the phase change chamber, causing the liquid CO2 to vaporize. Pressure and temperature sensors are used to monitor the temperature and pressure inside the phase change chamber in real time. The water storage tank injects water into the impact chamber using the corresponding suction pump and the electric control valve is closed.

[0023] Step 4: When the pressure in the phase change chamber reaches 100MPa, the upper controller controls the electronic valve to open, and the gaseous CO2 reaches the impact chamber. The high-speed, high-pressure gas pushes the water in the impact chamber into the release pipe to form a high-pressure jet. The high-pressure jet achieves directional crack initiation or propagation along the release seam.

[0024] Step 5: Use the host controller to activate the motion sensor and image acquisition terminal to observe the blasting situation and feed it back to the host controller. Observe the rupture effect and then decide whether a secondary test is needed.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] By using motion sensors and image acquisition terminals to observe the direction in which cracks need to initiate or propagate, the upper controller is used for calibration and to issue commands to operate the rotation drive mechanism and the swing drive mechanism to drive the impact chamber and the release pipe to rotate and deflect, so that the release crack is fixed in the expected rupture position and direction. The huge energy generated by the CO2 phase change jet is released in a specific location, causing a directional explosion that leads to rupture, thereby achieving the expected rupture effect.

[0027] When the expected rupture effect is not achieved, the components in the device of this invention can be reused without disassembly, making installation and operation simple and highly practical. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the separate phase change chamber and side protective cover of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the turnover drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the swing drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing control component of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Phase change chamber; 2. Electric heating mesh sleeve; 3. Liquid CO2 inlet; 4. Detection end; 5. Side protective cover; 6. Output pipe one; 7. Liquid CO2 storage tank; 8. Suction pump; 9. Electrically controlled valve; 10. Rotary drive mechanism; 101. Ball seat one; 102. Ball head one; 103. Sliding bar; 104. Flow channel one; 105. Rotary drive motor; 106. Drive gear; 107. Gear ring; 108. Limiting ring one; 11. Impact chamber; 12. Swing drive mechanism; 121 122. Ball seat 2; 123. Ball head 2; 124. Flow channel 2; 125. Outer protrusion strip; 126. Guide groove; 127. Guide rod; 128. Telescopic mechanism; 129. Ring; 120. Column; 13. Release pipe; 14. Water storage tank; 15. Upper controller; 16. Inner rotating pipe; 17. Through groove; 18. Sealing plate; 19. Positioning ring; 20. Support plate; 21. Opening and closing drive motor; 22. Motion sensor; 23. Image acquisition end; 24. Output pipe 2; 25. Release slot. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] Please see Figure 1-5 This invention provides a technical solution: a rotating nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jets, comprising:

[0038] The phase change injection assembly includes a phase change chamber 1, an electrically controlled valve 9, an impact chamber 11, and a release pipe 13 connected sequentially from left to right. An electrically heated mesh sleeve 2 is fitted onto the outer wall of the phase change chamber 1. A liquid CO2 inlet 3 is provided on the left side wall of the phase change chamber 1. A release slit 25 is provided on the outer wall of the release pipe 13. An opening and closing control assembly is provided inside the release pipe 13 to control the opening and closing of the release slit 25.

[0039] The raw material supply assembly includes a liquid CO2 storage tank 7 and a water storage tank 14. The liquid CO2 storage tank 7 and the water storage tank 14 are respectively equipped with an output pipe 6 and an output pipe 24. A suction pump 8 is installed on each of the output pipes 6 and 24. One end of the output pipes 6 and 24 extends to the lower side of the interior of the liquid CO2 storage tank 7 and the water storage tank 14, respectively. The other end of the output pipes 6 and 24 is connected to the liquid CO2 inlet 3 and the impact chamber 11, respectively.

[0040] The drive structure includes a rotary drive mechanism 10 and a swing drive mechanism 12. The rotary drive mechanism 10 is connected between the electrically controlled valve 9 and the impact chamber 11, and the swing drive mechanism 12 is connected between the impact chamber 11 and the release pipe 13. The rotary drive mechanism 10 can drive the impact chamber 11 to rotate, and the swing drive mechanism 12 can drive the release pipe 13 to swing.

[0041] The monitoring and control component includes a host controller 15, a motion sensor 22, an image acquisition terminal 23, and a detection terminal 4. The detection terminal 4 is installed on the left side wall of the phase change chamber 1 and includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor that extend into the phase change chamber 1. The motion sensor 22 and the image acquisition terminal 23 are installed at the release pipe 13 and the opening and closing control component. The output terminals of the detection terminal 4, the motion sensor 22, and the image acquisition terminal 23 are connected to the host controller 15. The output terminal of the host controller 15 is connected to the electric heating mesh sleeve 2, the suction pump 8, the electric control valve 9, the turnover drive mechanism 10, and the swing drive mechanism 12.

[0042] Analysis of the above content: Based on the reception and analysis of information collected by the upper controller 15 from the detection end 4, motion sensor 22, and image acquisition end 23, and based on the output control of the upper controller 15 to the electric heating mesh sleeve 2, suction pump 8, electric valve 9, turnover drive mechanism 10, and swing drive mechanism 12, both the analysis and control are based on existing technology. The liquid CO2 storage tank 7 pumps a pre-set amount of liquid CO2 into the phase change chamber 1 through its suction pump 8, and the water storage tank 14 pumps a pre-set amount of water into the impact chamber 11 through its suction pump 8.

[0043] The impact chamber 11 and the release pipe 13 are pre-adjusted based on the rotation drive mechanism 10 and the swing drive mechanism 12 so that the position of the release slot 25 is adjusted in place.

[0044] When the electrically controlled valve 9 is closed, the electric heating mesh sleeve 2 heats the phase change chamber 1. In the phase change chamber 1, the liquid CO2 absorbs heat and expands to form high-pressure gaseous CO2. When the electrically controlled valve 9 is opened, the high-pressure gaseous CO2 impacts the water in the impact chamber 11 to form a high-pressure jet. The high-pressure jet achieves directional crack initiation or propagation along the release seam 25.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: the release slit 25 is set as a rectangle, ellipse or circle.

[0047] Analysis of the above content: The shape of the release slit 25 can be set according to the specific situation. In addition to rectangle, ellipse or circle, the release slit 25 can also be set to other shapes.

[0048] Example 3:

[0049] Please see Figure 1-5 This invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: The release tube 13 is hollow and open at both ends. The opening and closing control component includes an inner rotating tube 16 disposed within the release tube 13. A through groove 17 corresponding to the position of the release slot 25 is formed on the outer wall of the inner rotating tube 16. The inner rotating tube 16 is fitted against the inner wall of the release tube 13. A closing plate 18 is connected to the right end of the inner rotating tube 16. The closing plate 18 is fitted against the right opening of the release tube 13. A support plate 20 is rotatably mounted on the right side of the closing plate 18. An opening and closing drive motor 21 is installed on the right side of the support plate 20. The output end of the opening and closing drive motor 21 is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the closing plate 18. A positioning ring 19 is provided on the outer wall of the inner rotating tube 16. The positioning ring 19 is coaxially mounted with the inner rotating tube 16. An annular groove that mates with the positioning ring 19 is provided on the inner wall of the release tube 13. A motion sensor 22 and an image acquisition end 23 are mounted on the right side wall of the support plate 20.

[0050] Analysis of the above content: When it is necessary to open the release slot 25, the opening and closing drive motor 21 adjusts the rotation of the sealing plate 18 and the inner rotating tube 16. When the through groove 17 corresponds to the position of the release slot 25, the rotation stops, so that the high-pressure jet in the release tube 13 is ejected.

[0051] Example 4:

[0052] Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: a side protective cover 5 is screwed to the left side of the outer wall of the phase change chamber 1, the output pipe 6 passes through the side protective cover 5, and the detection end 4 is located inside the side protective cover 5.

[0053] Analysis of the above content: The side protective cover 5 has a protective function for the ends of the detection end 4 and the output tube 6.

[0054] Example 5:

[0055] Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: The rotation drive mechanism 10 includes a hollow ball seat 101 with openings at both ends. The left end of the ball seat 101 is connected to the right end of the electrically controlled valve 9. A ball head 102 is rotatably connected inside the ball seat 101. A flow channel 104 is laterally opened in the middle of the ball head 102. The right end of the ball head 102 is connected to the left side wall of the impact chamber 11, and the flow channel 104 communicates with the impact chamber 11. The outer wall of the ball head 102 is circumferentially decorated with... A slider 103 is provided. A groove is formed around the inner wall of the ball seat 101 to cooperate with the slider 103. A limit ring 108 is connected to the right end of the ball seat 101. The inner diameter of the limit ring 108 is smaller than the outer diameter of the ball head 102. A rotary drive motor 105 is provided on the outer wall of the ball head 102. A drive gear 106 is connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive motor 105. A gear ring 107 adapted to the drive gear 106 is provided on the outer wall of the ball head 102.

[0056] Analysis of the above: When the impact chamber 11 needs to be rotated, the rotary drive motor 105 drives the gear ring 107 and the ball head 102 to rotate via the drive gear 106. The ball head 102 rotates inside the ball seat 101, simultaneously driving the impact chamber 11 to rotate. Due to the arrangement of the flow channel 104, the rotation of the ball head 102 does not affect the flow of the internal fluid. The ball seat 101 is internally designed with an arc shape to fit snugly against the ball head 102.

[0057] Example 6:

[0058] Please see Figure 1-5The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: The swing drive mechanism 12 includes a hollow ball seat 121 with openings at both ends. The left end of the ball seat 121 is connected to the right side wall of the impact chamber 11. A ball head 122 is rotatably connected inside the ball seat 121. A flow channel 123 is provided on the ball head 122. The right side of the ball head 122 is connected to the left side wall of the release pipe 13. The flow channel 123 communicates with the release pipe 13. A guide groove 125 is provided on the outer wall of the ball head 122. A guide rod 126 is connected to the inner wall of the ball seat 121. The guide rod 126 is slidably inserted into the guide groove 125. The upper surface of the ball seat 121 is equipped with a telescopic mechanism 127. The telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism 127 is connected to a collar 128. The inside of the collar 128 is a waist-shaped hole. A column 129 is provided on the outer wall of the ball head 122. The column 129 passes through the waist-shaped hole inside the collar 128 and extends upward. A limit ring 2 is connected to the right side wall of the ball seat 121. The inner diameter of the limit ring 2 is smaller than the outer wall diameter of the ball seat 121. An outward protrusion 124 is provided on the outer wall of the ball head 122. The guide groove 125 is opened on the outward protrusion 124. The telescopic mechanism 127 is a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or a linear motor.

[0059] Analysis of the above: When the release tube 13 needs to be swung, the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism 127 moves, and drives the collar 128 to rotate via the collar 128. The oblong hole in the collar 128 drives the column 129 to rotate. The oblong hole is designed to prevent the column 129 from getting stuck. The size of the oblong hole is not large. When the telescopic mechanism 127 stops working, the column 129 has a limited range of movement within the oblong hole, which has little impact on the accuracy of the crack. With the cooperation of the guide rod 126 and the guide groove 125, the ball head 122 rotates at a set angle. Multiple guide rods 126 can be set to prevent the ball head 122 from tilting or deflecting. The ball seat 121 is internally designed with an arc shape to fit the ball head 122.

[0060] A method for using a rotary nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jets, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0061] Step 1: Drill holes according to the site conditions and the length of the rotary nozzle device for CO2 phase change jet directional fracturing, and place the rotary nozzle device for CO2 phase change jet directional fracturing at the corresponding drill hole.

[0062] Step 2: Use the host controller 15 to turn on the image acquisition terminal 23 to observe the situation inside the borehole. After determining the location and direction of the fracture, use the host controller 15 to operate the rotation drive mechanism 10 and the swing drive mechanism 12 to rotate and swing for orientation. When the host controller 15 observes that the release seam is aligned with the direction of fracture initiation, stop the rotation and swing, so that the impact chamber 11 and the release pipe 13 are positioned.

[0063] Step 3: Liquid CO2 storage tank 7 injects liquid CO2 into phase change chamber 1 based on the corresponding suction pump 8. Electric heating mesh sleeve 2 is energized to heat phase change chamber 1, and liquid CO2 vaporizes. Pressure and temperature sensors are used to monitor the temperature and pressure in phase change chamber 1 in real time. Water storage tank 14 injects water into impact chamber 11 based on the corresponding suction pump 8 and closes the electric control valve 9.

[0064] Step 4: When the pressure in phase change chamber 1 reaches 100MPa, the upper controller 15 controls the electric valve 9 to open, and the gaseous CO2 reaches the impact chamber 11. The high-speed and high-pressure gas pushes the water in the impact chamber 11 into the release pipe 13 to form a high-pressure jet. The high-pressure jet achieves directional crack initiation or propagation along the release seam 25.

[0065] Step 5: Use the host controller 15 to turn on the motion sensor 22 and image acquisition terminal 23 to observe the explosion situation and feed it back to the host controller 15. Observe the rupture effect and then decide whether a second test is needed.

[0066] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or basic characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0067] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rotary nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jets, characterized in that, include: The phase change injection assembly includes a phase change chamber (1), an electrically controlled valve (9), an impact chamber (11), and a release pipe (13) connected sequentially from left to right. An electric heating mesh sleeve (2) is fitted on the outer wall of the phase change chamber (1). A liquid CO2 inlet (3) is opened on the left side wall of the phase change chamber (1). A release slit (25) is provided on the outer wall of the release pipe (13). An opening and closing control assembly is provided inside the release pipe (13). The opening and closing control assembly is used to control the opening and closing of the release slit (25). The raw material supply component includes a liquid CO2 storage tank (7) and a water storage tank (14). The liquid CO2 storage tank (7) and the water storage tank (14) are respectively equipped with an output pipe 1 (6) and an output pipe 2 (24). A suction pump (8) is provided on the pipes of the output pipe 1 (6) and the output pipe 2 (24). One end of the output pipe 1 (6) and the output pipe 2 (24) extends to the lower side of the interior of the liquid CO2 storage tank (7) and the water storage tank (14), respectively. The other end of the output pipe 1 (6) and the output pipe 2 (24) is connected to the liquid CO2 inlet (3) and the impact chamber (11), respectively. The drive structure includes a rotary drive mechanism (10) and a swing drive mechanism (12). The rotary drive mechanism (10) is connected between the electrically controlled valve (9) and the impact chamber (11). The swing drive mechanism (12) is connected between the impact chamber (11) and the release pipe (13). The rotary drive mechanism (10) can drive the impact chamber (11) to rotate, and the swing drive mechanism (12) can drive the release pipe (13) to swing. The monitoring and control component includes a host controller (15), a motion sensor (22), an image acquisition terminal (23), and a detection terminal (4). The detection terminal (4) is installed on the left side wall of the phase change chamber (1). The detection terminal (4) includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, which extend into the phase change chamber (1). The motion sensor (22) and the image acquisition terminal (23) are installed at the release pipe (13) and the opening and closing control component. The output terminals of the detection terminal (4), the motion sensor (22), and the image acquisition terminal (23) are connected to the host controller (15). The output terminal of the host controller (15) is connected to the electric heating mesh sleeve (2), the suction pump (8), the electric control valve (9), the turnover drive mechanism (10), and the swing drive mechanism (12). The rotation drive mechanism (10) includes a hollow ball seat (101) with openings at both ends. The left end of the ball seat (101) is connected to the right end of the electrically controlled valve (9). A ball head (102) is rotatably connected inside the ball seat (101). A flow channel (104) is laterally opened in the middle of the ball head (102). The right end of the ball head (102) is connected to the left side wall of the impact chamber (11), and the flow channel (104) communicates with the impact chamber (11). A slide bar (103) is arranged around the outer wall of the ball head (102). The inner wall of the ball seat (101) is provided with a groove that matches the slide bar (103). The right end of the ball seat (101) is connected to a limiting ring (108). The inner diameter of the limiting ring (108) is smaller than the outer diameter of the ball head (102). A rotary drive motor (105) is provided on the outer wall of the ball head (102). A drive gear (106) is connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive motor (105). A gear ring (107) that matches the drive gear (106) is provided on the outer wall of the ball head (102).

2. The rotary nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The release slit (25) is set to be rectangular, elliptical or circular.

3. The rotary nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The release tube (13) is hollow and open at both ends. The opening and closing control component includes an inner rotating tube (16) disposed inside the release tube (13). A through groove (17) corresponding to the position of the release slot (25) is opened on the outer wall of the inner rotating tube (16). The inner rotating tube (16) is attached to the inner wall of the release tube (13). A closing plate (18) is connected to the right end of the inner rotating tube (16). The closing plate (18) is attached to the right end opening of the release tube (13). A support plate (20) is rotatably mounted on the right side of the closing plate (18). An opening and closing drive motor (21) is installed on the right side of the support plate (20). The output end of the opening and closing drive motor (21) is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the closing plate (18).

4. A rotating nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jets according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the inner rotating tube (16) is provided with a positioning ring (19), which is installed coaxially with the inner rotating tube (16). The inner wall of the release tube (13) is provided with an annular groove that cooperates with the positioning ring (19).

5. A rotating nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A side protective cover (5) is screwed to the left side of the outer wall of the phase change chamber (1), the output tube (6) passes through the side protective cover (5), and the detection end (4) is located inside the side protective cover (5).

6. A rotating nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing drive mechanism (12) includes a hollow ball seat (121) with open ends. The left end of the ball seat (121) is connected to the right side wall of the impact chamber (11). A ball head (122) is rotatably connected inside the ball seat (121). A flow channel (123) is provided on the ball head (122). The right side of the ball head (122) is connected to the left side wall of the release pipe (13). The flow channel (123) communicates with the release pipe (13). A guide groove (125) is provided on the outer wall of the ball head (122). A guide rod is connected to the inner wall of the ball seat (121). (126) The guide rod (126) is slidably inserted into the guide groove (125). A telescopic mechanism (127) is installed on the upper surface of the ball seat (121). A collar (128) is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism (127). The collar (128) has an inner waist-shaped hole. A column (129) is provided on the outer wall of the ball head (122). The column (129) passes through the waist-shaped hole inside the collar (128) and extends upward. A limit ring (2) is connected to the right side wall of the ball seat (121). The inner diameter of the limit ring (2) is smaller than the outer diameter of the ball seat (121).

7. A rotating nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jets according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the ball head (122) is provided with an outward protrusion (124), and the guide groove (125) is formed on the outward protrusion (124).

8. A rotary nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jets according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism (127) is a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or a linear motor.

9. A method of using a rotating nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jets, characterized in that: The rotary nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jet as described in any one of claims 1-8, and the specific steps for using the rotary nozzle device for directional fracturing of CO2 phase change jet are as follows: Step 1: Drill holes according to the site conditions and the length of the rotary nozzle device for CO2 phase change jet directional fracturing, and place the rotary nozzle device for CO2 phase change jet directional fracturing at the corresponding drill hole. Step 2: Use the upper controller (15) to turn on the image acquisition terminal (23) to observe the situation inside the borehole. After determining the location and direction of the fracture, use the upper controller (15) to operate the rotation drive mechanism (10) and the swing drive mechanism (12) to rotate and swing for orientation. When the upper controller (15) observes that the release seam is aligned with the direction of the fracture, stop the rotation and swing to position the impact chamber (11) and the release pipe (13). Step 3: The liquid CO2 storage tank (7) injects liquid CO2 into the phase change chamber (1) based on the corresponding suction pump (8), the electric heating mesh sleeve (2) is energized to heat the phase change chamber (1), the liquid CO2 vaporizes, and the temperature and pressure in the phase change chamber (1) are monitored in real time using pressure and temperature sensors. The water storage tank (14) injects water into the impact chamber (11) based on the corresponding suction pump (8) and closes the electric control valve (9). Step 4: When the pressure in the phase change chamber (1) reaches 100MPa, the upper controller (15) controls the electric control valve (9) to open, and the gaseous CO2 reaches the impact chamber (11). The high-speed high-pressure gas pushes the water in the impact chamber (11) into the release pipe (13) to form a high-pressure jet. The high-pressure jet achieves directional crack initiation or propagation along the release seam (25). Step 5: Use the host controller (15) to turn on the motion sensor (22) and image acquisition terminal (23), observe the blasting situation and feed it back to the host controller (15), observe the rupture effect and then decide whether a second test is needed.

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