A lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment

Abstract

The present invention provides a lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment. The present invention constructs a circle with the shore-based radar as the center and the height of the shore-based radar as the radius, arranges at least two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods on the circle, arranges the optoelectronic equipment on the circle, and the straight-line distance from any wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod is equal to the height of the shore-based radar. In addition, a power supply type transient overvoltage protector is connected in series to the power input end of the auxiliary equipment of the shore-based radar and the optoelectronic equipment, thereby reducing the influence of the lightning protector on the radar antenna and enhancing the protection effect of the lightning protector against the magnetic field of strong lightning points.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection, and more particularly to a lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] Lightning strikes directly on exposed shore-based radar optoelectronic equipment or overhead metal cables (such as power cables, communication lines, and network lines) can generate tens or even hundreds of thousands of volts of high voltage within microseconds, generating spark discharges and enormous amounts of heat and mechanical energy, damaging the equipment. Besides directly striking the equipment itself, lightning can also conduct lightning surges through metal pipes and wires connected to the equipment, damaging its electronic components.

[0003] When lightning strikes, the rapid change of lightning current generates a transient strong electromagnetic field in the space around the equipment, forming a strong lightning electromagnetic pulse radiation, which induces extremely high electromotive force on the metal shell of nearby equipment, generates a strong transient coupling current, and damages related equipment.

[0004] Existing lightning protection for shore-based radar optoelectronic equipment primarily focuses on direct lightning strikes. Effective protection against induced lightning generated by lightning electromagnetic pulses is not implemented. Protection is achieved solely by installing metal lightning rods on the radar's position. While traditional metal lightning rods effectively protect against direct lightning strikes, they significantly impact radar antenna gain and offer little protection against damage caused by strong electromagnetic fields from lightning. Therefore, minimizing the impact of lightning rods on radar antennas and enhancing their effectiveness against strong magnetic fields from lightning strikes are pressing challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides a lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment, so as to solve the problem of how to reduce the influence of the lightning protection target on the radar antenna and enhance the protection effect of the lightning protection target against the magnetic field of strong lightning points.

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, a lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment is provided, comprising: at least two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods, at least one shore-based radar system, at least one optoelectronic equipment system, and a plurality of power supply transient overvoltage protectors, wherein the shore-based radar system comprises a shore-based radar, a first distribution box, a first control cabinet, and a first power-sensitive low-voltage device; the optoelectronic equipment system comprises an optoelectronic device, a second distribution box, a second control cabinet, and a second power-sensitive low-voltage device; the two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods and the optoelectronic device are respectively arranged on a circle with the shore-based radar as the center and the height of the shore-based radar as the radius; the straight-line distance between the optoelectronic device and one wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod is the height of the shore-based radar;

[0007] The height of the shore-based radar and the height of the optoelectronic device are less than the height of the two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods;

[0008] The power supply type transient overvoltage protector is connected in series to the input ends of the first distribution box, the first control chassis, the first power-sensitive low-voltage device, the second distribution box, the second control chassis and the second power-sensitive low-voltage device.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also make the following improvements.

[0010] Preferably, the power supply type transient overvoltage protector at the input end of the first distribution box and the second distribution box is set to level one protection, and the parameters of the level one protection are that the starting voltage is below 500V, the lightning current is 30KA, and the response time T is less than 100ns.

[0011] Preferably, the power supply type transient overvoltage protector at the input end of the first control chassis and the second control chassis is set to secondary protection, and the parameters of the secondary protection are that the starting voltage is set at 100V, the lightning current is 20KA, and the response time T is less than 50ns.

[0012] Preferably, the power-type transient overvoltage protector at the input end of the first power-sensitive low-voltage device and the second power-sensitive low-voltage device is set to level three protection, and the parameters of the level three protection are a starting voltage of 45 / 12V, a lightning current of 10KA, and a response time T of less than 25ns.

[0013] Preferably, the wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod comprises a non-metallic body and a plurality of discontinuous metal sheets.

[0014] The present invention provides a lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment. The present invention constructs a circle with the shore-based radar as the center and the height of the shore-based radar as the radius, arranges at least two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods on the circle, arranges the optoelectronic equipment on the circle, and the straight-line distance from any wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod is equal to the height of the shore-based radar, and connects a power supply type transient overvoltage protector in series to the power input end of the auxiliary equipment of the shore-based radar and the optoelectronic equipment, thereby reducing the influence of the lightning protector on the radar antenna and enhancing the protection effect of the lightning protector against the magnetic field of strong lightning points. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A system module distribution diagram of a lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment provided by the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protection range of the lightning rod;

[0017] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a plasma lightning rod provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 The protection principle diagram of the lightning protection module provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 The three-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The system module distribution diagram of a lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment provided by the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: at least two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods, at least one shore-based radar system, at least one optoelectronic equipment system, and multiple power-type transient overvoltage protectors. The shore-based radar system includes a shore-based radar R, a first distribution box, a first control box, and a first power-sensitive low-voltage device. The optoelectronic equipment system includes an optoelectronic device PL, a second distribution box, a second control box, and a second power-sensitive low-voltage device. The two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods and the optoelectronic equipment are respectively arranged on a circle with the shore-based radar as the center and the height of the shore-based radar as the radius. The straight-line distance between the optoelectronic equipment and one wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod is the height of the shore-based radar.

[0022] Wherein, the height of the shore-based radar and the height of the optoelectronic device are less than the height of the two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods;

[0023] The power supply type transient overvoltage protector is connected in series to the input ends of the first distribution box, the first control chassis, the first power-sensitive low-voltage device, the second distribution box, the second control chassis and the second power-sensitive low-voltage device.

[0024] It is understandable that the higher the lightning rod, the larger its protection range. The protection range of the lightning rod is calculated according to the rolling ball method. For the specific determination of the protection range, see Figure 2 , where hr is the rolling ball radius, r x is the protection range, h is the height of the lightning rod. According to the requirements of the rolling ball method, the shape of the shore-based radar optoelectronic equipment position, the area of ​​the working platform and the height of the protected equipment are considered. The number and arrangement of lightning rods are shown in Figure 1 .

[0025] For example, when the radar height is 3m and the optoelectronic device height is 1m, the wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod height is 3.5m, the two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods are 3m away from the radar, and one of the wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods is 3m away from the optoelectronic device.

[0026] It is understandable that traditional metal lightning rods have a significant interference with the radar working gain. This embodiment uses a wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod. The wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod is almost entirely made of non-metallic materials, with a row of discontinuous metal sheets inlaid on the surface. Under normal conditions, the metal sheets spaced apart on the lightning rod cannot form a conductive path, so the interference with the radar signal is very small; when lightning strikes, the metal sheets will stimulate the ionization of the air above to form a plasma arc channel, thereby catching lightning and conducting lightning current. For the structure of the wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod, see Figure 3 .

[0027] Furthermore, in this embodiment, in view of the characteristics of the strong electromagnetic field of lightning, different types of power-type transient overvoltage protectors (hereinafter referred to as SPD components) are installed at the front end of the power lines, communication data lines and antenna feeders of shore-based radar optoelectronic equipment to protect electronic equipment from lightning surges caused by strong electromagnetic fields of lightning and conducted surge overvoltages caused by other interference, and the lightning overcurrent invading the equipment or the room is instantly conducted into the ground through the SPD.

[0028] Compared with traditional SPD components, the lightning protection module in this embodiment is more advanced and has better protection effect. In this embodiment, for power supply protection, a combination of lightning protection and filtering is adopted. The amplified current is discharged through the first-stage lightning protection circuit, and the residual voltage spike is limited by the second-stage TVS diode. The third stage is protected by another set of parallel TVS diodes to prevent the second-stage TVS diode from being burned and short-circuited. At the back end of the lightning protection, the voltage is smoothed for the residual voltage of lightning to ensure the stability of the power supply. The three-stage protection and filtering components are integrated to eliminate the interference of lightning-induced overvoltage (wave). Among them, the schematic diagram of the lightning protection module can be seen in Figure 4 .

[0029] Furthermore, shore-based radar optoelectronic equipment lines primarily consist of optical cables and power cables, with the power cables being the primary focus of protection. These cables are protected by connecting SPD components in series, typically using a three-level protection strategy.

[0030] The power supply transient overvoltage protector at the input end of the first distribution box and the second distribution box is set to level one protection, and the parameters of the level one protection are that the starting voltage is below 500V, the lightning current is 30KA, and the response time T is less than 100ns.

[0031] Specifically, the first-level protection SPD component is set at the input end of the distribution box, and its parameters are: the starting voltage is set below 500V, the lightning current is 30KA (10 / 350s waveform), and the response time T is less than 100ns.

[0032] The power supply transient overvoltage protector at the input end of the first control chassis and the second control chassis is set to secondary protection, and the parameters of the secondary protection are that the starting voltage is set at 100V, the lightning current is 20KA, and the response time T is less than 50ns.

[0033] Specifically, the secondary protection SPD component is set at the input end of the radar or optoelectronic equipment control chassis. Its parameters are: the starting voltage is set at 100V, the lightning current is 20KA (8 / 20 waveform), and the response time T is less than 50ns.

[0034] The power-type transient overvoltage protector at the input end of the first power-sensitive low-voltage device and the second power-sensitive low-voltage device is set to level three protection, and the parameters of the level three protection are a starting voltage of 45 / 12V, a lightning current of 10KA, and a response time T of less than 25ns.

[0035] Specifically, the third-level protection SPD component is installed at the front end of certain important power-sensitive low-voltage equipment (such as 24V and 5V DC power-consuming equipment). Its parameters are: starting voltage is 45 / 12V, lightning current is 10KA (8 / 20 waveform), and response time T is less than 25ns.

[0036] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 The three-dimensional radiation patterns of the antennas without lightning rod (left), metal lightning rod (middle), and plasma lightning rod (right) are shown. In the actual test, the lightning rod was erected near the antenna of the shore-based radar optoelectronic equipment, and the three-dimensional radiation patterns of the antennas without lightning rod (left), metal lightning rod (middle), and plasma lightning rod (right) were obtained. Figure 5 Left one), installation of metal lightning rod ( Figure 5 (middle) and plasma lightning rods ( Figure 5 The three patterns show that the metal lightning rod has a significant impact on antenna gain, with a noticeable depression in the pattern, pushing the main lobe energy toward the side lobes, and a maximum impact exceeding 3dB. The plasma lightning rod, on the other hand, has almost no effect on antenna gain, and the curves for the two are almost identical compared to the case without a lightning rod. This shows that the use of a wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod in this embodiment can effectively reduce the impact of the lightning rod on the radar antenna.

[0037] It can be understood that based on the defects in the background technology, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment. The present invention constructs a circle with the shore-based radar as the center and the height of the shore-based radar as the radius, and sets at least two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods on the above circle. The optoelectronic equipment is set on the above circle, and the straight-line distance from any wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod is the height of the above-mentioned shore-based radar, and a power supply type transient overvoltage protector is connected in series to the power input end of the auxiliary equipment of the shore-based radar and the optoelectronic equipment, thereby reducing the impact of the lightning rod on the radar antenna and enhancing the protection effect of the lightning rod against the magnetic field of strong lightning points.

[0038] It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0039] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0040] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded computer, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0041] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0042] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0043] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0044] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment, characterized in that: The system comprises: at least two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods, at least one shore-based radar system, at least one optoelectronic equipment system, and a plurality of power-type transient overvoltage protectors. The shore-based radar system comprises a shore-based radar R, a first distribution box, a first control cabinet, and a first power-sensitive low-voltage device. The optoelectronic equipment system comprises an optoelectronic device PL, a second distribution box, a second control cabinet, and a second power-sensitive low-voltage device. The two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods and the optoelectronic equipment are respectively arranged on a circle with the shore-based radar as the center and the height of the shore-based radar as the radius. The straight-line distance between the optoelectronic equipment and one wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod is the height of the shore-based radar. The height of the shore-based radar and the height of the optoelectronic device are less than the height of the two wave-transmitting plasma lightning rods; The power supply type transient overvoltage protector is connected in series to the input ends of the first distribution box, the first control chassis, the first power-sensitive low-voltage device, the second distribution box, the second control chassis and the second power-sensitive low-voltage device.

2. The lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply transient overvoltage protector at the input end of the first distribution box and the second distribution box is set to level one protection, and the parameters of the level one protection are that the starting voltage is below 500V, the lightning current is 30KA, and the response time T is less than 100ns.

3. The lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply transient overvoltage protector at the input end of the first control chassis and the second control chassis is set to secondary protection, and the parameters of the secondary protection are that the starting voltage is set at 100V, the lightning current is 20KA, and the response time T is less than 50ns.

4. The lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power-type transient overvoltage protector at the input end of the first power-sensitive low-voltage device and the second power-sensitive low-voltage device is set to level three protection, and the parameters of the level three protection are a starting voltage of 45 / 12V, a lightning current of 10KA, and a response time T of less than 25ns.

5. The lightning protection system for shore-based radar and optoelectronic equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave-transmitting plasma lightning rod comprises a non-metallic main body and a plurality of discontinuous metal sheets.

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