Active shaped-charge and penetration-explosive tandem warhead structure suitable for low-speed anti-runway ammunition

Abstract

The application discloses a series warhead structure suitable for low-speed anti-runway ammunition. The application proposes a two-stage series structure of a rear-stage active shaped charge warhead opening and driving a front-stage penetration warhead to move forward without significantly changing the outer contour size of the existing series low-speed anti-runway ammunition. The structure utilizes the shaped charge effect generated by the explosion of the rear-stage charge to drive the active liner to form a high-speed active shaped penetration body; the high-speed jet part of the high-speed active shaped penetration body penetrates through the channel reserved in the middle of the front-stage penetration warhead, and the runway target is penetrated, thereby forming a large-diameter penetration hole on the runway; the medium-high-speed penetration body part follows through the reserved channel of the front-stage and the penetration hole of the runway and occurs violent deflagration, thereby further expanding the diameter of the penetration hole; and the low-speed active material pestle body with a larger diameter and difficult to pass through the reserved channel of the front-stage drives the front-stage penetration warhead to move forward to a deeper position to realize blasting damage, thereby causing structural damage of runway large-area upheaval.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tandem warhead technology, and more specifically to a tandem warhead structure suitable for low-velocity runway-crossing munitions. Background Technology

[0002] In current and future warfare, the importance of air superiority is becoming increasingly prominent. The best way to gain air superiority is to strike enemy airfield facilities and suppress the enemy air force on the ground. Therefore, how to efficiently strike airfields, especially runways that are large in area but difficult to effectively destroy, is one of the technical challenges facing modern warfare. In particular, from the perspective of damage severity, damaging a runway requires not only extensive destruction of the concrete surface layer, but also the destruction of deeper structures such as the gravel layer and the subgrade, causing large-scale uplift of the runway surface, increasing the difficulty of runway repair, and prolonging the duration of a single strike blockade.

[0003] Meanwhile, traditional low-velocity runway-penetrating munitions often employ a two-stage tandem structure for their warheads, typically consisting of a shaped charge warhead and a high-explosive warhead. Their destructive principle is as follows: after the fuse is activated, the shaped charge warhead detonates first, creating a high-speed jet or rod stream that mechanically penetrates the runway's concrete surface layer using kinetic energy, forming a follow-through channel. Simultaneously, the high-explosive warhead, accelerated by a booster, penetrates deep into the runway along the penetration channel and explodes, exerting its explosive destructive effect.

[0004] However, the traditional two-stage tandem warhead design of "pre-stage shaped charge with opening, followed by a penetrating detonation" has many limitations. On the one hand, the warhead's impact velocity is relatively low. The detonation products and shock waves generated by the pre-stage shaped charge warhead's explosion act on the subsequent stage, further reducing the velocity of the subsequent stage warhead, weakening its penetration capability, and affecting the damage effect of the subsequent stage. On the other hand, the detonation products and shock waves generated by the pre-stage explosion also affect the attitude of the subsequent stage warhead, causing its trajectory to deviate from the penetration channel generated by the pre-stage, thus preventing the subsequent stage warhead from effectively following up to produce a high-efficiency blasting effect.

[0005] To address these challenges, traditional methods include adding a booster stage and reducing the diameter of the subsequent stage warhead. On one hand, adding a booster stage can offset the adverse effects of the preceding stage explosion on the velocity of the subsequent stage and enhance the penetration capability of the subsequent stage warhead, but it significantly increases the overall size, mass, and technical complexity of the tandem warhead (munition). On the other hand, reducing the diameter of the subsequent stage warhead can improve the success rate of subsequent stage follow-up and reduce the adverse effects of the preceding stage explosion on the attitude of the subsequent stage, but it will also directly reduce the explosive mass of the subsequent stage warhead, thereby reducing the blast damage effect on the runway.

[0006] Furthermore, the shaped charge warhead of a traditional two-stage tandem warhead typically employs an inert metal liner, creating a high-speed metal jet that penetrates deep into concrete runway surfaces. However, the opening is small, which hinders the follow-up of the larger-diameter subsequent warhead. Additionally, the impact of the inert metal liner can block the penetration channel, preventing the subsequent warhead from detonating.

[0007] This shows that there is still a lack of a warhead structure that can achieve a large opening, reliable follow-up, strong destructive effect, and simple structure for low-velocity runway-crossing munitions. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a two-stage tandem warhead structure of active shaped charge and penetrating detonator suitable for low-speed runway-penetrating munitions. Without significantly changing the shape and structure of existing tandem warheads (munitions), the active shaped charge penetrator of the later stage achieves a large opening, which pushes the hollow penetrating detonator of the earlier stage to penetrate deeper and achieve explosive damage. This eliminates the adverse effects of the detonation of the earlier stage on the velocity and attitude of the later stage in the traditional two-stage tandem warhead from a mechanistic perspective, thereby achieving the goal of fully utilizing the detonation energy, simplifying the overall structure of the warhead, and improving the destructive power of runway-penetrating munitions.

[0009] The active shaped charge-detonation tandem warhead structure of the present invention, applicable to low-velocity runway-resistant munitions, includes a rear-stage casing, a rear-stage initiator, a rear-stage charge, an active charge liner, a buffer structure, a front-stage initiator, a front-stage charge, and a front-stage casing.

[0010] The rear stage casing has an opening at the top; the rear stage charge is filled inside the rear stage casing; the rear stage initiator and the activated charge shroud are respectively installed at the bottom and top of the rear stage casing and are in close contact with the rear stage charge.

[0011] The front-stage housing is fixedly connected to the rear-stage housing, and an axially through channel is reserved in the center for the active explosive liner to form an active shaped charge penetrator; a sink groove is provided at the bottom of the front-stage housing; a buffer structure is installed in the sink groove and fits against the active explosive liner; the front-stage charge is filled in the front-stage housing; the front-stage initiation device is installed at the bottom of the front-stage housing and fits against the front-stage charge.

[0012] Preferably, the buffer structure includes a rear-stage buffer structure and a front-stage buffer structure; the rear-stage buffer material is bonded to the active pharmaceutical ingredient cover and uses a density of less than 5 g / cm³. 3 It is made of low-density metallic or high-molecular non-metallic materials; the pre-stage buffer structure is located between the post-stage buffer material and the bottom of the pre-stage housing trough, and uses materials with a tensile strength greater than 1000 MPa and a fracture toughness greater than 50 MPa·m. 1 / 2 It is made of titanium alloy or fiber-reinforced materials.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the rear-stage buffer material is 0.15d1 to 0.25d1, and the thickness of the front-stage buffer structure is 0.03d1 to 0.08d1; where d1 is the inner diameter of the rear-stage housing.

[0014] Preferably, the buffer structure has a truncated conical groove coaxial with the channel at one end of the active pharmaceutical ingredient cover. The bottom surface of the truncated conical groove is coplanar with the opening end face of the active pharmaceutical ingredient cover, and the diameter of the bottom surface of the truncated conical groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the opening end face of the active pharmaceutical ingredient cover; the diameter of the top surface of the truncated conical groove is equal to the inner diameter of the channel.

[0015] Preferably, the angle between the generatrix of the truncated conical groove and the bottom surface is 25° to 40°.

[0016] Preferably, a chamfer is provided at the inner diameter of the bottom end face of the pre-charge; the angle of the chamfer is 30° to 45°.

[0017] Preferably, the density of the active pharmaceutical ingredient cap is 4.0 g / cm³. 3 ~6.0g / cm 3 .

[0018] Preferably, the front part of the fore-stage housing is truncated cone-shaped with a semi-cone angle of 20° to 30°.

[0019] Preferably, the front housing is made of an alloy material with a tensile strength greater than 1000MPa.

[0020] Preferably, the inner diameter d4 of the channel is 0.3d1 to 0.5d1; where d1 is the inner diameter of the subsequent housing.

[0021] Preferably, the thickness of the bottom of the front housing is 8-15 mm, the thickness of the side wall t2 is t2 = t1 + 2 to t1 + 4 mm, and the thickness of the front part t3 is t3 = t2 + 3 to t2 + 8 mm.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) Without significantly altering the outer dimensions of existing tandem runway-blocking munitions, this invention innovatively proposes a two-stage tandem structure in which the shaped charge of the rear stage is opened, driving the shaped charge of the front stage to advance. This structure utilizes the shaped charge effect generated by the explosion of the rear stage shaped charge to drive the shaped charge liner, causing the shaped charge liner to collapse and deform, forming a high-speed shaped charge penetrator. The high-speed jet portion of the high-speed active shaped charge penetrator passes through the pre-reserved channel in the middle of the pre-stage detonating warhead, thus penetrating the runway target and forming a large-diameter penetration hole on the runway. The medium-to-high-speed penetrator portion undergoes violent deflagration within the penetration hole on the runway after a period of time, further expanding the diameter of the pre-penetrated penetration hole. The low-speed active material pestle, due to its large diameter, has difficulty flowing through the pre-reserved channel of the pre-stage, but it is this pestle that can provide a certain velocity to propel the pre-stage warhead. Under the combined action of the velocity of the tandem warhead itself and the velocity of the pestle, the pre-stage warhead uses kinetic energy to penetrate deeper into the runway. Under the action of the time-delay fuse, the pre-stage warhead undergoes a violent explosion, causing a highly efficient damage effect with a large area of ​​structural bulge on the runway.

[0024] (2) When targeting a runway-bound target, the preceding detonating warhead is not only accelerated by the detonation products and shock wave generated by the subsequent shaped charge warhead, but also propelled forward by the active penetrating body formed by the subsequent shaped charge warhead. This results in the preceding warhead achieving a greater penetration velocity and obtaining better penetration capability without a booster. Simultaneously, the hollow channel reserved in the preceding detonating warhead provides guidance for the active shaped charge penetrating body generated by the subsequent warhead, ensuring that the flight direction of the preceding stage is consistent with the axis of the penetration channel formed by the active shaped charge penetrating body on the runway, thus resolving the impact of the subsequent explosion on the attitude of the preceding stage. Although the internal cavity of the preceding warhead leads to a reduction in the amount of explosive charge, the preceding warhead can accurately follow the penetration channel formed by the subsequent warhead and accelerate under the detonation of the subsequent warhead, increasing its kinetic energy. Therefore, the preceding warhead has a greater penetration depth and a better effect after the explosion.

[0025] (3) When the charge diameter and mass of the subsequent shaped charge are given, compared with the penetrator formed by the traditional inert metal shaped charge liner, the active shaped charge penetrator formed by the active shaped charge liner has a larger penetration diameter under the combined action of penetration and detonation. Moreover, after the active material has completely reacted, no pestle will be left to block the penetration channel, which is more conducive to the reliable follow-up of the preceding penetration warhead and enhances the damage effect on the runway target.

[0026] (4) The present invention does not require a subsequent booster device, which reduces the structural complexity of the two-stage tandem warhead and improves the reliability of the warhead's function.

[0027] (5) The thickness of the wall, cone angle, structure, and material formulation of the post-stage active drug hood in this invention can be adjusted as needed to change the speed and diameter of the jet, thereby adjusting the penetration ability of the high-speed jet and the deflagration and damage ability of the active material in the medium and low speed sections, which has great flexibility and versatility. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the active shaped charge-detonation tandem warhead structure of the present invention, applicable to low-velocity runway-crossing munitions.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear-stage housing structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the subsequent charge structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the active pharmaceutical ingredient cover structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the subsequent buffer layer structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front-end buffer layer structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front-stage charge structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the front-stage housing structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the efficient damage to runways caused by the tandem warhead of the present invention. (a) shows the tandem warhead impacting the runway; (b) shows the detonation of the subsequent shaped charge warhead crushing the shaped charge liner; (c) shows the subsequent shaped charge warhead forming an active shaped charge penetrator; (d) shows the active shaped charge penetrator penetrating the runway target; (e) shows the deflagration reaction of the remaining medium-to-high-speed active shaped charge penetrator further expanding the penetration aperture; (f) shows the deflagration of the active charge penetrator propelling the preceding warhead; and (g) shows the violent explosion of the preceding penetrator causing structural damage and efficient destruction to the runway.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating typical damage effects on a runway target.

[0038] Wherein 1-rear stage casing, 2-rear stage initiating device, 3-rear stage charge, 4-active charge shroud, 5-rear stage buffer structure, 6-pre-stage buffer structure, 7-pre-stage initiating device, 8-pre-stage charge, 9-pre-stage casing. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] This invention provides an active shaped charge-detonation tandem warhead structure suitable for low-velocity runway-penetrating munitions, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a rear-stage housing 1, a rear-stage initiating device 2, a rear-stage charge 3, an active charge shroud 4, a buffer structure, a front-stage initiating device 7, a front-stage charge 8, and a front-stage housing 9.

[0041] Among them, the rear housing 1 is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the whole is cylindrical, with one end open and a stepped groove on the outside for matching the front housing 9, and the other end closed and a through hole for matching the rear detonation device 2; the outer diameter d0 of the rear housing 1 is generally the same as the diameter of the runway-reverse bullet.

[0042] The rear-stage initiating device 2 is installed at the bottom end of the rear-stage housing 1 and is used to initiate the rear-stage charge 3. Various initiation methods can be employed. This embodiment uses a center initiation method. Specifically, the outer contour of the rear-stage initiating device 2 is cylindrical, and its outer diameter is the same as the diameter of the pre-drilled circular hole in the center of the closed end of the rear-stage housing 1. One end face of the rear-stage initiating device 2 is flush with the bottom end face of the rear-stage housing 1 and is connected to the rear-stage housing 1 by threads or bolts. The other end face mates with the rear-stage charge 3.

[0043] The rear-stage charge 3 is loaded inside the rear-stage housing 1, and is cylindrical in shape. Figure 3 As shown, the charge diameter d1 is the same as the inner diameter of the subsequent stage casing 1; one end of the subsequent stage charge 3 is flat and has a pre-reserved groove A for mating with the subsequent stage initiator 2. The diameter of groove A is the same as the outer diameter of the subsequent stage initiator 2, and the depth of groove A meets the mating requirements with the subsequent stage initiator 2. For center initiation, groove A is coaxial with the subsequent stage charge 3. The subsequent stage charge 3 and the subsequent stage initiator 2 are tightly fitted together by adhesive. The other end of the subsequent stage charge 3 has a groove B for mating with the activated charge liner 4.

[0044] Active drug type 4 such as Figure 4 As shown, the overall structure can be a hollow cone, a trumpet shape, a spherical cap, etc., and its outer diameter is the same as the diameter of the subsequent charge 3; the outer surface of the active agent shroud 4 is tightly bonded to the groove B of the subsequent charge 3 with shellac; the bottom opening of the active agent shroud 4 is cut into a plane to cooperate with the buffer structure.

[0045] Fore-stage housing 9 Figure 8 As shown, it is a hollow frustum; the bottom of the frustum has a sink groove, the sidewall thickness of which is the same as the thickness of the rear housing 1, and the sidewall has a stepped groove that fits tightly with the rear housing 1. The two are connected by threads or bolts; the front part of the frustum is a truncated cone with a certain angle, which can effectively reduce penetration resistance. The hollow center of the front housing 9 is a channel reserved for the flow of the active drug liner 4.

[0046] A buffer structure is installed within the recess of the front-stage housing 9 to protect the front-stage explosive from symbiotic detonation during the detonation of the rear-stage explosive. To further reduce the impact of the shock wave generated by the rear-stage explosive on the front-stage explosive, this embodiment employs a combination of a rear-stage buffer structure 5 and a front-stage buffer structure 6. Specifically, the rear-stage buffer structure 5 is installed within the recess of the front-stage housing 9 and fits tightly with the activated explosive liner; as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the overall structure is a hollow cylindrical structure, with its outer diameter being the same as that of the active charge shroud 4; the inner hole is a truncated cone shape; the large end diameter d3 of the rear buffer structure 5 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter d2 of the active charge shroud 4, and the small end diameter d4 is the same as the diameter of the reserved channel of the front shell 9; in addition to buffering the front charge when the rear charge explodes, the rear buffer structure 5 also plays a role in tightly fixing the active charge shroud 4 and the rear charge 3 during assembly.

[0047] The pre-stage buffer structure 6 is installed between the bottom of the pre-stage housing 9 and the rear-stage buffer structure 5, further buffering the shock wave through absorption and attenuation; Figure 6 As shown, the whole is a hollow ring, with the same outer diameter as the rear buffer structure 5, and the same inner hole d4 as the reserved channel diameter of the front housing 9.

[0048] The pre-stage detonator 7 is installed at the bottom of the pre-stage housing 9 and is used to detonate the pre-stage charge 8. Its overall shape is a group of cylinders evenly arranged circumferentially along the central axis of the warhead, with a quantity of 1 to 4, which can be adjusted according to the specifications, performance and mission requirements of different fuses.

[0049] The pre-charge 8 is loaded into the pre-charge housing 9, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the overall structure is a hollow frustum, with a hollow cylindrical structure at the rear and a truncated cone at the front, matching the shape of the front-stage shell 9 for a tight fit. The bottom of the front-stage charge 8 has a set of circular holes that fit tightly with the front-stage detonating device 7. The inner diameter of the bottom end face of the front-stage charge 8 has a large chamfer to reduce stress concentration in the front-stage explosive. The diameter d5 of the central through hole of the front-stage charge 8 is determined by the wall thickness t2 of the front-stage shell 9 and the diameter d4 of the reserved channel in the center of the front-stage shell. The outer diameter d6 of the front-stage charge 8 is determined by the wall thickness t2 of the front-stage shell 9 and the outer diameter d0 of the front-stage shell.

[0050] The working principle of the active shaped charge-detonation tandem warhead structure of this invention is as follows: Figure 9As shown, the specific description is as follows: After the rear-stage detonator 2 is triggered, it ignites the rear-stage charge 3, generating a detonation wave and gaseous products, which in turn pushes the activated charge shroud 4 to collapse and close axially. During the forward closing process of the activated charge shroud 4, an activated shaped charge penetrator with a certain velocity gradient is gradually formed. The activated shaped charge penetrator advances along the central reserved channel of the rear-stage buffer structure 5 and gradually stretches, forming a high-speed jet section, a medium-high speed penetrator section, and a low-speed pestle section. During this process, the shock wave generated by the detonation of the rear-stage charge in the rear-stage buffer structure 5 propagates to the front-stage buffer structure 6 and is weakened and absorbed at the interface between the two buffer structures and inside the front-stage buffer structure 6. The remaining energy will not detonate the front-stage charge 8. This part of the energy, plus the kinetic energy of the activated pestle, will actually increase the velocity of the front-stage warhead. The active energy penetrator formed by the active explosive shroud 4 has an extremely high velocity. Its high-speed jet portion passes through the reserved channel in the center of the front-stage shell 9 and penetrates the runway target first. The medium-to-high-speed penetrator portion then penetrates into the runway interior based on its own kinetic energy. After a certain period of time, the medium-to-high-speed penetrator portion is gradually broken off, and the remaining penetrator with a higher penetration velocity undergoes a violent deflagration reaction, further expanding the penetration aperture. The low-speed portion of the rammed body, due to its larger diameter, cannot pass through the reserved channel of the front-stage warhead, but its velocity is still higher than that of the front-stage warhead under the detonation effect of the rear-stage charge 2. Therefore, it propels the front-stage warhead to fly along the penetration channel and enter the runway interior, using kinetic energy to penetrate deep into the runway. After a certain period of time, the low-speed, high-mass active rammed body material undergoes a violent deflagration, further propelling the front-stage warhead deeper into the runway. After the delay time is reached, the front-stage detonation device 7 is activated, detonating the front-stage charge 8. Under the violent explosion of the front-stage charge 8, the structural uplift damage to the runway is achieved.

[0051] The active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) casing is prepared by mixing, cold pressing, and sintering energetic powders. The preferred material density is in the range of 4.0 g / cm³. 3 ~6.0g / cm 3This is because if the density of the liner material is too low, the density of the resulting shaped charge penetrator will be very low, resulting in insufficient penetration of the airport runway and only forming a shallow crater. If the density of the liner material is too high, although the resulting shaped charge penetrator will have a high density and strong penetration capability, the excessive density will lead to a significant decrease in the energy content of the active material, resulting in less released chemical energy, which is not conducive to further enlarging the runway and affects the follow-up depth of the forward warhead. When the density of the liner is within the preferred density range, it balances the penetration capability of the runway with the high chemical energy release of the shaped charge penetrator. This ensures both penetration capability and sufficient chemical energy release, thereby achieving deep penetration and a large opening in the runway, and thus guaranteeing the follow-up depth of the forward warhead. The active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) formulation system mainly uses non-metallic polymers such as THV, PTFE, or a mixture of both as the matrix, adding active metal powders such as aluminum or magnesium powder, and high-density metal powders such as W, Ta, Cu, and Pb. Common formulation systems include PTFE / Al / W / Cu, THV / W / Al, PTFE / Al / Cu / Pb, and PTFE / Cu / Ta / Al. Taking the PTFE / Al / W / Cu formulation system as an example, the specific preparation process of the API API is as follows: First, the non-metallic polymer PTFE powder and active aluminum powder Al are mixed using a wet mixing method. PTFE and Al powders are placed in a solvent and subjected to microwave agitation to form a uniformly distributed suspension. After dehydration, a uniformly mixed PTFE / Al powder is obtained and then dried in a vacuum drying oven. Next, high-density W and Cu powders are slowly added to the PTFE / Al powder mixture. The PTFE / Al / W / Cu powder mixture is then placed in a V-type mixer and mixed for approximately 30 minutes. Subsequently, a certain mass of PTFE / Al / W / Cu mixed powder is weighed and poured into a mold. The mold punch is then placed into the mold cavity, and a hydraulic press is used to apply pressure of 200-300 MPa to achieve cold pressing of the activated charge shroud. Finally, the cold-pressed activated charge shroud is placed in a sintering furnace for hardening treatment. After sintering for a certain time, it is cooled to room temperature in the furnace before being removed for use. Finally, it should be emphasized that the activated charge shroud used in this invention is prepared by powder mixing, pressing, and sintering. Under explosive load, the active shaped charge penetrator formed will undergo a deflagration reaction after penetrating the runway, thus preventing blockage of the penetration channel. This facilitates the advance of the preceding explosive warhead, further penetrating the runway and causing significant structural damage and highly efficient destruction.

[0052] The rear-stage housing uses materials with a density of less than 5 g / cm³. 3 Metallic or polymeric non-metallic materials, such as aluminum alloys, carbon fiber, and nylon, are used. The aft-stage casing serves two purposes: firstly, to secure and protect the aft-stage initiation mechanism, the aft-stage charge, and the activated propellant liner; secondly, to improve the energy utilization rate of the charge. The aft-stage casing can be, for example,... Figure 2 It can be a cylindrical structure or a stern-shaped structure that matches the structure of the subsequent charge 9. The shell thickness t1 is 3-6 mm, and the shell length is determined according to the charge length.

[0053] The pre-stage casing is made of an alloy with a tensile strength greater than 1000 MPa, such as high-strength alloy steel or semi-carbon fiber reinforced alloy steel. The pre-stage casing primarily protects the pre-stage initiator and the pre-stage charge during the subsequent explosion. Depending on the size of the subsequent charge, its bottom thickness t4 is approximately 8–15 mm. The lateral thickness t2 of the pre-stage casing is greater than the thickness t1 of the subsequent casing, typically t2 = t1 + 2 to t1 + 4 mm, ensuring the strength of the pre-stage casing. Simultaneously, the front thickness t3 of the pre-stage casing is greater than the lateral thickness t2, typically t3 = t2 + 3 to t2 + 8 mm, ensuring strength while also providing kinetic energy penetration. To reduce the casing's drag, the semi-cone angle θ of the front truncated cone section is typically 20°–30°. When the active shaped charge penetrator passes through the reserved channel in the center of the front-stage shell, it is necessary to ensure that the medium- and high-speed portions of the active shaped charge penetrator can pass through completely. At the same time, the inner wall of the reserved channel must protect the front-stage charge and ensure that the charge mass of the front-stage is not too low. For this purpose, the inner diameter d4 of the reserved channel is approximately 0.3d1 to 0.5d1.

[0054] The subsequent buffer structure uses materials with a density of less than 5 g / cm³. 3 Made of low-density metallic or polymeric non-metallic materials, typically aluminum alloy, nylon, or resin, with a thickness of approximately 0.15d1 to 0.25d1, its functions are: first, to block the detonation products generated during the explosion of the subsequent stage charge and the impact of the blasting material formed by the activated propellant liner on the preceding stage warhead, thus ensuring the structural integrity of the preceding stage warhead; second, the conical inner hole design ensures better forming of the activated propellant liner, maintaining continuity between the penetrating jet and the two wings, allowing the wings to continuously propel the preceding stage charge forward. For this purpose, the angle α between the generatrix of the conical inner hole and the bottom surface is generally 25° to 40°; third, after the subsequent stage buffer structure is installed, it also serves to secure the activated propellant liner to the subsequent stage charge. Therefore, the inner diameter d3 of the larger end of the conical inner hole is slightly smaller than the inner diameter d2 of the activated propellant liner, typically d3 = d2-2 to d2-6 mm.

[0055] The pre-stage buffer structure has a tensile strength greater than 1000 MPa and a fracture toughness greater than 50 MPa·m. 1 / 2 It is made of titanium alloy or fiber-reinforced material with a thickness of approximately 0.03d1 to 0.08d1. The pre-stage buffer structure is used to block the shock wave transmitted through the post-stage buffer structure after the post-stage charge detonates, preventing the pre-stage charge from detonating sympathetically.

[0056] The subsequent charge uses high-energy explosives, such as JO-8, PBX-9501, 8701, etc., and is generally formed into the structure by mold pressing or injection. The length l1 of the subsequent charge column is 0.8d1 to 1.6d1.

[0057] The pre-charge uses high-energy explosives, such as JO-8, PBX-9501, 8701, etc., and is generally assembled into the structure described above by injection. The large chamfer β at the bottom of the cylindrical through-hole of the pre-charge is 30° to 45°.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] The active shaped charge-impact tandem warhead structure of this embodiment includes: a rear-stage housing 1, a rear-stage initiator 2, a rear-stage charge 3, an active charge liner 4, a rear-stage buffer structure 5, a front-stage buffer structure 6, a front-stage initiator 7, a front-stage charge 8, and a front-stage housing 9. The rear-stage housing 1 is generally cylindrical, with a stepped groove at one end and a circular hole at the center of the other end to match the rear-stage initiator 2 for initiating the rear-stage charge. The rear-stage charge 3 is generally cylindrical, with a flat end and a coaxial groove at the center. The active charge liner 4 is a hollow cone with an opening at the bottom, the bottom opening being truncated to a flat surface; its outer surface is tightly bonded to the conical groove at one end of the rear-stage charge 3 using shellac. The rear-stage buffer structure 5 is generally a hollow cylinder with a truncated cone inner hole. The rear-stage initiator 2, the rear-stage charge 3, and the active charge liner 4 are coaxially filled within the rear-stage housing 1 and compressed by the rear-stage buffer structure 5. The components are tightly fitted together; the pre-stage buffer structure 6 is a hollow annular structure; the pre-stage charge 8 is a hollow frustum structure with a hollow cylindrical structure at the rear, and a set of circular holes at the bottom that fit tightly with the pre-stage detonator 7; the pre-stage charge 8 is a frustum shape with a cylindrical through hole at the center, a large chamfer at the bottom of the through hole, and two grooves to match the pre-stage detonator 7; the front of the pre-stage housing 9 is a hollow frustum shape, the rear is a hollow cylinder, and there is a stepped groove at the tail; the pre-stage charge 8 is filled into the pre-stage housing 9 structure by injection; the pre-stage housing 9 and the rear housing 1 are tightly connected by eight circumferential bolts.

[0060] The rear-stage shell 1 is made of LY12 aluminum alloy with a thickness of 5mm, an inner diameter of 150mm at the large end, and an inner diameter of 40mm for the circular hole at the other end. The rear-stage charge 3 is press-fitted using a mature and reliable press-fitting process, using 8701 explosive. After press-fitting, the explosive charge has a diameter of 150mm, a length of 145mm, and a density of 1.71g / cm³. 3The rear-stage buffer structure 5 is made of 30CrMnSiNi2A high-strength alloy steel with a thickness of 25mm. The large-end diameter d3 of the conical inner hole is 134mm, and the cone angle α of the conical inner hole is 31°. The front-stage buffer structure 6 is made of nylon with a thickness of 5mm. The front-stage charge 8 is manufactured using a mature injection process, using JO-8 explosive. The large-end diameter d6 of the charge is 146mm, the diameter of the central through hole is 64mm, and the large-size chamfer β at the bottom is 40°. The front-stage shell 9 is made of 30CrMnSiNi2A high-strength alloy steel with a maximum diameter of 160mm, a reserved channel diameter d4 of 50mm, a bottom thickness t4 of approximately 10mm, a side wall thickness t2 of 8mm, a front thickness t3 of 12mm, and a cone angle θ of 20° for the front truncated cone section.

[0061] The active pharmaceutical agent shroud 5 is prepared by wet mixing, cold pressing, and hardening of a mixture of PTFE powder, aluminum powder, tungsten powder, and copper powder, with a specific ratio of 24% / 9% / 39% / 28%. The specific process is as follows: First, 24g of PTFE powder and 9g of Al powder are placed in a solvent and subjected to microwave agitation to form a uniformly distributed suspension. After dehydration, 33g of uniformly mixed PTFE / Al powder is obtained. This process is repeated until 660g of PTFE / Al mixed powder is obtained. The obtained PTFE / Al mixed powder is then dried in a vacuum drying oven for 12 hours. Next, 780g of high-density W powder and 560g of Cu powder are slowly added to the PTFE / Al mixed powder. The PTFE / Al / W / Cu mixed powder is then placed in a V-type mixer and mixed for 30 minutes, resulting in approximately 2000g of final mixed powder. Subsequently, a certain mass of PTFE / Al / W / Cu mixed powder was weighed as needed and poured into a mold. The mold punch was then placed into the mold cavity, and a hydraulic press was used to apply pressure of 250 MPa to achieve cold pressing of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) liner. Finally, the cold-pressed API liner was placed in a sintering furnace for hardening treatment. The final API liner had a cone angle of 80°, a thickness of 10 mm, an outer diameter d1 of 150 mm, an inner diameter d2 of 136 mm, and a density of approximately 5 g / cm³. 3 .

[0062] In this embodiment, the active energy-concentrating penetrator penetrated a 350mm thick layer of cement concrete in the target high-grade runway, forming a pore diameter of 200mm (e.g., Figure 9 (e) As shown, the front-stage warhead can penetrate the base layer of the runway target and cause a violent explosion of the front-stage charge within the base layer (e.g., Figure 9 As shown in (g), the resulting explosive impact load and high-impact load cause radial cracks, circumferential cracks, heave damage, and throwing damage to the concrete surface layer. Typical damage effects are as follows: Figure 10 As shown.

[0063] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tandem active shaped charge warhead structure suitable for low-velocity runway-penetrating munitions, characterized in that, Includes the following components: rear-stage casing (1), rear-stage initiator (2), rear-stage charge (3), activated charge liner (4), buffer structure, front-stage initiator (7), front-stage charge (8), and front-stage casing (9). Among them, the top of the rear stage housing (1) is open; the rear stage charge (3) is filled inside the rear stage housing (1); the rear stage initiation device (2) and the active charge shroud (4) are respectively installed at the bottom and top of the rear stage housing (1) and are in contact with the rear stage charge (3); The front-stage housing (9) is fixedly connected to the rear-stage housing (1), and a channel is reserved in the center for the active explosive shroud to form an active shaped charge penetrator; a sinker is provided at the bottom of the front-stage housing (9); a buffer structure is installed in the sinker and fits against the active explosive shroud (4); the front-stage charge (8) is filled in the front-stage housing (9); the front-stage initiation device (7) is installed at the bottom of the front-stage housing (9) and fits against the front-stage charge (8); The buffer structure includes a rear buffer structure (5) and a front buffer structure (6); the rear buffer structure (5) is fitted with an active drug-type cover and uses a density of less than 5 g / cm³. 3 It is made of low-density metallic materials or high-molecular non-metallic materials; the front-stage buffer structure (6) is located between the rear-stage buffer structure (5) and the bottom of the sink of the front-stage shell (9), and is made of materials with a tensile strength greater than 1000MPa and a fracture toughness greater than 50MPa·m. 1 / 2 It is made of titanium alloy or fiber-reinforced materials.

2. The structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the rear buffer structure (5) is 0.15d1~0.25d1, and the thickness of the front buffer structure (6) is 0.03d1~0.08d1; where d1 is the inner diameter of the rear housing (1).

3. The structure as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The buffer structure is fitted with a truncated conical groove at one end of the active pharmaceutical cover (4) that is coaxial with the channel. The bottom surface of the truncated conical groove is coplanar with the opening end face of the active pharmaceutical cover (4), and the bottom diameter of the truncated conical groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the opening end of the active pharmaceutical cover (4). The top diameter of the truncated conical groove is equal to the inner diameter of the channel.

4. The structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The angle between the generatrix of the truncated conical groove and the bottom surface is 25°~40°.

5. The structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end face of the pre-charge (8) is chamfered; the angle of the chamfer is 30°~45°.

6. The structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The density of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (4) is 4.0 g / cm³. 3 ~ 6.0g / cm 3 .

7. The structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front part of the front housing (9) is truncated cone-shaped with a half cone angle of 20°~30°.

8. The structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front housing (9) is made of an alloy material with a tensile strength greater than 1000MPa.

9. The structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter d4 of the channel is 0.3d1~0.5d1; where d1 is the inner diameter of the rear housing (1).

10. The structure as described in claim 1, 7, 8, or 9, characterized in that, The thickness of the bottom of the front housing (9) is 8~15mm, the thickness of the side wall t2 is t2=t1+2~t1+4 mm, and the thickness of the front part t3 is t3=t2+3~t2+8 mm.

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