Field mobile rice straw reduction carbonization and returning to field device

Abstract

The application discloses a field mobile rice straw reduction carbonization and field returning device, which comprises a trailer frame, a straw harvesting device, a combustion chamber, a discharging device and a soil covering device. The front end of the trailer frame is provided with a trailer hanger, and the bottom of the trailer frame is provided with wheels. The trailer hanger is used for connecting a traction mechanism, and the overall device is moved by the traction mechanism. The straw harvesting device is arranged on the front side of the trailer frame, is used for harvesting straw, and is conveyed to the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is arranged on the trailer frame, is used for realizing semi-combustion of the straw, and outputs the combusted straw through the discharging device arranged below the combustion chamber. The soil covering device is arranged on the rear side of the trailer frame, and is used for covering the combusted straw with the surface soil in the field. The device can realize semi-combustion of the straw, and then cover the combusted straw with the surface soil in the field. On the one hand, the device can greatly reduce the smoke and dust emitted by the straw combustion, and on the other hand, the device can heat the surface soil by using the straw in the semi-combustion state, so that the disease and pest can be eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to agricultural machinery for harvesting crop straw in the field, and more particularly to a mobile rice straw reduction and carbonization technology and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] For a long time, many countries and institutions around the world have explored the utilization of straw and developed many methods. However, due to the lack of an economically universally applicable method for straw utilization, straw management in many countries and regions remains primitive and lagging behind. my country is a traditional agricultural country, producing a large amount of crop straw in the fields every year. However, due to the lack of effective straw management measures, a large amount of crop straw is discarded and burned. Straw burning not only produces a large amount of air pollutants, but the high-temperature environment generated by combustion also seriously alters the soil ecology, kills many soil microorganisms, and has an adverse impact on agricultural production. With the transformation of rural energy structure and agricultural production methods, the proportion of straw consumed through traditional methods has decreased significantly, resulting in regional, structural, and seasonal straw surplus problems. Currently, although the large-scale "sky-high flames" of straw burning have ceased, small-scale "firefly-like" straw burning still frequently occurs. Many areas still have the problem of open-air burning and idle dumping of straw, which not only wastes resources but also accelerates global warming and brings serious ecological and environmental problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art by providing a mobile field-mounted rice straw reduction and carbonization return device.

[0004] The present invention aims to develop a mobile combustion device that allows straw to be partially burned before the topsoil of the field is covered with the burning straw. This can greatly reduce the smoke and dust emitted from straw combustion, and the semi-burning straw can heat the topsoil, thereby eliminating pests and diseases.

[0005] A mobile field-mounted rice straw reduction and carbonization returning device includes a trailer frame, a straw harvesting device, a combustion chamber, a feeding device, and a soil covering device.

[0006] The trailer frame has a trailer hanger at the front and wheels at the bottom. The trailer hanger is used to connect to a traction mechanism, which drives the entire device to move. The straw harvesting device is located at the front of the trailer frame and is used to harvest straw and transport it to the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is located on the trailer frame and is used to achieve partial combustion of the straw. The burning straw is output through a feeding device located below the combustion chamber. The soil covering device is located at the rear of the trailer frame and is used to cover the burning straw with the topsoil of the field.

[0007] Furthermore, the lower part of the front side of the trailer hitch is provided with a rotating bracket, and the lower part of the rotating bracket is provided with a rotating support wheel.

[0008] Furthermore, the straw harvesting device includes a straw collection and crushing machine. A plate lifting cylinder is installed on the trailer frame at the front of the straw collection and crushing machine, and the lower part of the plate lifting cylinder is connected to the plate by bolts. A straw conveyor is installed on the side of the straw collection and crushing machine opposite the combustion chamber, and the straw conveyor is fixed to the trailer frame by a middle support and a front support. A straw screw conveyor is installed on the side of the straw conveyor away from the straw collection and crushing machine. The input end of the straw screw conveyor is equipped with a rear support, and the output end is connected to the combustion chamber.

[0009] The combustion chamber includes a combustion chamber housing and a rotary combustion furnace. The rotary combustion furnace is housed within the combustion chamber housing, and a dust exhaust fan is located at the top of the housing. A smoke duct is located at the output end of the dust exhaust fan, and a dust box is located at the end of the smoke duct. The dust box is located at the end of the trailer frame. A wind speed sensor is located inside the dust box. A combustion furnace reduction motor is located at the top of the internal space of the combustion chamber housing, and a conveyor chain is located below the reduction motor. The end of the conveyor chain away from the reduction motor is fitted onto the main shaft of the rotary combustion furnace. Spiral blades are installed on the main shaft to drive the straw to rotate within the furnace. A temperature sensor is located on the upper part of the inner wall of the furnace. A right nozzle and a left nozzle are located on opposite sides of the upper part of the furnace. An ignition gun and a blower are located on opposite sides of the lower part of the furnace. A flame detector is located in the upper middle part of the furnace. A water tank is located on one side of the furnace, containing a submersible pump. An electrical control box is located below the water tank. The submersible pump is connected to the right and left nozzles. The rotary combustion furnace discharge port is located at the bottom of the furnace, opposite to the trailer frame.

[0010] The soil covering device includes an electric hydraulic cylinder, a liquid storage tank, and a double-sided reversible plow. The double-sided reversible plow is located on the right side of the electric hydraulic cylinder, and the end of the electric hydraulic cylinder is connected to the double-sided reversible plow by bolts. A leaf spring is located at the lower part of the trailer frame, and a wheel axle is located below the leaf spring. A liquid storage tank is located in the middle of the trailer frame, and the liquid storage tank is connected to the electric hydraulic cylinder via an oil pipe.

[0011] The feeding device includes a feeding slide plate, which is located at the lower part of the discharge port of the rotary combustion furnace. The upper part of the feeding slide plate is bolted to the trailer frame. The middle part of the feeding slide plate is bolted to one end of the slide plate push rod. The other end of the slide plate push rod is bolted to the slide plate electric push rod. The slide plate electric push rod is fixed to the bottom of the trailer frame by bolts.

[0012] The wheel axle and wheel are connected by a bearing built into the wheel, and the two rotate relative to each other. The wheel axle and sensor mounting plate are connected by bolts. The sensor mounting plate is set parallel to the trailer frame. A camera is located at the end of the sensor mounting plate near the rear of the trailer frame, and a distance measuring sensor is located at the end of the sensor mounting plate near the front of the trailer frame. A toothed ring is located at the front of the wheel axle. A pulse counting module bracket is located on the upper part of the leaf spring, and a pulse counting module is located at the rear of the pulse counting module bracket. The pulse counting module is set perpendicular to the toothed ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the electrical control box is located at the rear of the trailer frame. Inside the box are an integrated unit, a programmable logic controller (PLC), an image acquisition card, a GPRS data transmission module, a power supply module, a multi-parameter acquisition module, and a power drive module. The integrated unit is connected to the PLC via a communication cable. The PLC is connected to the multi-parameter acquisition module via a RS-485 communication cable. The multi-parameter acquisition module is connected to all external sensors via an RS-485 communication cable. The integrated unit is connected to the image acquisition card via a network cable. The image acquisition card is connected to the camera via a dedicated cable. The integrated unit is connected to the GPRS data transmission module via a RS-232 dedicated cable. The GPRS data transmission module is connected to a mobile phone via a 5G wireless communication signal. The power supply module is connected to and supplies power to all electrical components inside and outside the control box via cables. The PLC is connected to the power drive module via a communication cable. The power drive module is connected to all external drive devices.

[0014] Furthermore, the programmable controller PLC is a DVP32 PLC.

[0015] A method for using a mobile field-based rice straw reduction and carbonization device includes the following steps during the harvesting and combustion process:

[0016] Step (1). Attach the trailer hitch to the tractor hook and retract the rotating bracket; at this time, the tractor starts to move. During the movement, the tractor runs relatively smoothly due to the action of the leaf spring.

[0017] Step (2). Initialize the electrical control box. The multi-parameter acquisition module samples the signal of the pulse counting module. The current speed of the car is calculated based on the signal of the pulse counting module. The calculation method is as follows: There are N teeth on the gear ring. Each time a tooth rotates, the pulse counting module receives a pulse signal. The angular velocity of the wheel is obtained by the number of pulses received per minute X0, which is W=X0 / N. Since the diameter of the wheel is M meters, the running speed of the car is V=3.14×M (meters)×X0 / N (revolutions / minute).

[0018] Step (3). The all-in-one machine reads the signals from the programmable logic controller (PLC) in real time. When it detects that the trolley is moving, it adjusts the speed of the straw picking and crushing machine and the straw screw conveyor according to the speed of the trolley. When the speed of the trolley is >8km / h, the speed of the straw picking and crushing machine is 800 rpm and the speed of the straw screw conveyor is 80 rpm. When the speed of the trolley is >6km / h and <8km / h, the speed of the straw picking and crushing machine is 600 rpm and the speed of the straw screw conveyor is 60 rpm. When the speed of the trolley is <6km / h, the speed of the straw picking and crushing machine is 400 rpm and the speed of the straw screw conveyor is 50 rpm. The all-in-one machine sends instructions to the programmable logic controller (PLC), and then the PLC drives the power drive module to control the speed adjustment of the straw picking and crushing machine motor and the straw screw conveyor motor.

[0019] Step (4). During the tractor's movement, the insert plate lifting cylinder lowers the insert plate, which picks up the scattered straw on the ground and gradually pushes it into the straw picking and crushing machine. After passing through the straw picking and crushing machine, the straw is cut into small pieces and sent to the straw screw conveyor, which then sends it into the rotary combustion furnace. The power drive module starts the ignition gun and delays for 5 seconds to ensure that the straw is fully ignited. Then, the flame detector checks whether the straw is ignited. If it is not ignited, the ignition is started again, and the operation is repeated until the straw is ignited. After ensuring that the straw is fully ignited, the feeding device feeds the straw.

[0020] Step (5). The combustion furnace reduction motor drives the rotating combustion furnace main shaft to rotate via the conveyor chain. The integrated machine adjusts the rotation speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor and the speed of the blower according to the current vehicle speed to achieve a suitable air volume and ensure complete combustion. The adjustment method is as follows: when the trolley's travel speed is >8km / h, the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 80 rpm and the speed of the blower is 1200 rpm; when the trolley's travel speed is >6km / h and <8km / h, the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 60 rpm and the speed of the blower is 800 rpm; when the trolley's travel speed is <6km / h, the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 40 rpm and the speed of the straw screw conveyor is 500 rpm.

[0021] Step (6). The integrated machine adjusts the stroke of the sliding plate electric push rod according to the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor to ensure a relatively uniform feeding speed. The adjustment method is as follows: when the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 80 rpm, the stroke of the sliding plate electric push rod is 8 cm; when the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 60 rpm, the stroke of the sliding plate electric push rod is 6 cm; when the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 40 rpm, the stroke of the sliding plate electric push rod is 4 cm.

[0022] Step (7). While feeding the material, the integrated machine drives the electric hydraulic cylinder to lower the double-sided turning plow to facilitate soil turning. The oil in the storage tank enters the electric hydraulic cylinder through the oil pipe as the driving medium.

[0023] Step (8). During operation, the dust exhaust fan draws in the smoke from the combustion process, which enters the dust filter box through the smoke duct and is then discharged. The dust filter box is equipped with a wind speed sensor. The integrated machine reads the signal from the wind speed sensor through the multi-parameter acquisition module and the programmable logic controller (PLC) to calculate the current wind speed. Then, it determines whether the current wind speed is lower than the set threshold. If it is too low, it means that the dust filter screen is clogged and needs to be cleaned. At this time, the GPRS data transmission module sends a message to the user's mobile phone to remind them.

[0024] Step (9). The temperature sensor determines whether the furnace temperature exceeds the limit. If it does, the integrated machine sends a command to start the submersible pump in the water tank via the programmable logic controller (PLC). At this time, the left and right nozzles spray water to extinguish the open flame to ensure safety. Meanwhile, during the operation, if the flame signal detected by the flame detector is weak (i.e., the current output by the flame sensor is <10mA), it indicates that the straw has been extinguished, and the ignition gun is restarted for re-ignition.

[0025] Step (10). During device operation, the distance sensor monitors the height of the trailer frame above the ground in real time. When the height is less than the set value, it indicates that there is a pit in the ground. At this time, the integrated machine will issue a command to lift the insert plate through the insert plate lifting cylinder to prevent the insert plate from colliding with the ground and being damaged. When the tractor stops running for more than 10 seconds, it is considered to have stopped working, that is, all blocks have been completed, and the electrical control box will stop rotating the combustion furnace and the straw picking and crushing machine.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0027] 1. This invention adopts a flatbed trailer structure, which is convenient to operate and maintain. It effectively prevents air pollution by recycling emitted smoke and dust.

[0028] 2. The electrical control box is equipped with a PLC control system, which adjusts the combustion speed of the rotary combustion furnace according to the vehicle speed and air temperature and humidity to achieve uniform combustion and stable straw discharge.

[0029] 3. By detecting the temperature of the flame, the combustion status is monitored in real time. At the same time, a sprinkler system is installed to prevent the combustion from getting out of control and to extinguish the flame in time to ensure safety.

[0030] 4. Through image recognition technology, the status of pests and diseases in the field can be transmitted to technicians in real time, facilitating timely prevention and treatment.

[0031] In summary, this invention is simple to operate, highly automated, and can effectively ensure the partial combustion of straw and reduce pollution emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a front view of the mobile rice straw reduction and carbonization equipment for returning rice straw to the field according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a top view of the mobile rice straw reduction and carbonization equipment for returning rice straw to the field according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a front view of the wheel mechanism in the mobile rice straw reduction and carbonization returning equipment of this invention embodiment;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a top view of the wheel mechanism in the mobile rice straw reduction and carbonization equipment of this invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is the internal structure of the electrical control box in the mobile rice straw reduction and carbonization equipment of this invention embodiment;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the main process of straw harvesting and combustion of the mobile rice straw reduction and carbonization equipment in the field according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the field pest and disease image recognition process for the mobile rice straw reduction and carbonization returning equipment in this invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1-Trailer frame, 2-Plate lifting cylinder, 3-Straw collection and crushing machine, 4-Straw conveyor, 5-Straw screw conveyor, 6-Combustion chamber housing, 7-Dust exhaust fan, 8-Smoke duct, 9-Combustion furnace geared motor, 10-Conveyor chain, 11-Temperature sensor, 12-Right nozzle, 13-Flame detector, 14-Blower, 15-Rotary combustion furnace, 16-Spray water pipe, 17-Water tank, 18-Left nozzle, 19-Ignition gun, 20-Submersible pump. 21-Dust filter box; 22-Wind speed sensor; 23-Electrical control box; 24-Trailer frame; 25-Electro-hydraulic cylinder; 26-Double-sided tilting plow; 27-Bow leaf spring; 28-Wheel; 29-Discharge slide plate; 30-Slide plate push rod; 31-Slide plate electric push rod; 32-Liquid storage tank; 33-Rear support; 34-Middle support; 35-Front support; 36-Rotating support rod wheel; 37-Rotating support rod; 38-Insertion plate; 39-Rotating combustion furnace main shaft; 40-Rotating combustion furnace discharge port; 101-Pulse counting module; 102-Gear ring; 103-Camera; 104-Distance sensor; 105-Fixing plate; 106-Wheel axle. 201-All-in-one machine, 202-Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) (DVP32PLC), 203-Image acquisition card, 204-Mobile phone, 205-GPRS data transmission module, 206-Power supply module, 207-Multi-parameter acquisition module, 208-Power drive module, 209-Straw picking and crushing machine motor, 210-Straw screw conveyor motor. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a mobile field-mounted rice straw reduction and carbonization returning device includes a trailer frame 24, a straw harvesting device, a combustion chamber, a feeding device, and a soil covering device.

[0042] The trailer frame 24 is equipped with a trailer hanger 1 at its front end and wheels 28 at its bottom. The trailer hanger 1 is used to connect to a traction mechanism, which drives the entire device to move. The straw harvesting device is located on the front side of the trailer frame 24 and is used to harvest straw and transport it to the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is located on the trailer frame 24 and is used to achieve partial combustion of the straw. The burning straw is output through a feeding device located below the combustion chamber. The soil covering device is located on the rear side of the trailer frame 24 and is used to cover the burning straw with the topsoil of the field.

[0043] In one embodiment, the lower part of the front side of the trailer hitch 1 is provided with a rotating bracket 37, and the lower part of the rotating bracket 37 is provided with a rotating support wheel 36.

[0044] In one embodiment, the straw harvesting device includes a straw collection and crushing machine 3. A plate lifting cylinder 2 is mounted on the trailer frame 24 at the front of the straw collection and crushing machine 3, and the lower part of the plate lifting cylinder 2 is connected to a plate 38 by bolts. A straw conveyor 4 is mounted on the side of the straw collection and crushing machine 3 opposite to the combustion chamber, and the straw conveyor 4 is fixed to the trailer frame 24 by a middle support 34 and a front support 35. A straw screw conveyor 5 is mounted on the side of the straw conveyor 4 away from the straw collection and crushing machine 3, and the input end of the straw screw conveyor 5 is equipped with a rear support 33, and the output end is connected to the combustion chamber.

[0045] In one embodiment, the combustion chamber includes a combustion chamber housing 6 and a rotary combustion furnace 15. The rotary combustion furnace 15 is disposed within the combustion chamber housing 6. A dust exhaust fan 7 is provided at the upper part of the combustion chamber housing 6. A smoke duct 8 is provided at the output end of the dust exhaust fan 7, and a dust box 22 is provided at the end of the smoke duct 8. The dust box 22 is disposed at the end of the trailer frame 24. A wind speed sensor 21 is provided inside the dust box 22. A combustion furnace reduction motor 9 is provided at the upper part of the internal space of the combustion chamber housing 6, and a conveyor chain 10 is provided at the lower part of the combustion furnace reduction motor 9. The end of the conveyor chain 10 away from the combustion furnace reduction motor 9 is sleeved on the rotary combustion furnace main shaft 39 of the rotary combustion furnace 15. The rotary combustion furnace main shaft 39 is provided with spiral blades for driving the straw to rotate. The rotary combustion furnace 15 rotates within its interior. A temperature sensor 11 is located on the upper part of the inner wall of the rotary combustion furnace 15. A right nozzle 12 and a left nozzle 18 are respectively located on the upper sides of the rotary combustion furnace 15 (the right nozzle 12 is located 2480 cm from the trailer frame on the right side, and the left nozzle 18 is located 60 cm from the trailer frame on the left side of the rotary combustion furnace 15). An ignition gun 19 and a blower 14 are respectively located on the lower sides of the rotary combustion furnace 15. A flame detector 13 is located in the upper middle part of the rotary combustion furnace 15 (20 cm below the right nozzle 12). A water tank 17 is located on one side of the rotary combustion furnace 15, containing a submersible pump 20. An electrical control box 23 is located at the lower part of the water tank 17. The submersible pump 20 is connected to the right nozzle 12 and the left nozzle 18. A rotary combustion furnace discharge port 40 is located at the bottom of the rotary combustion furnace 15, opposite the trailer frame 24.

[0046] In one embodiment, the soil covering device includes an electric hydraulic cylinder 25, a liquid storage tank 32, and a double-sided reversible plow 26. The double-sided reversible plow 26 is located on the right side of the electric hydraulic cylinder 25, and the end of the electric hydraulic cylinder 25 is connected to the double-sided reversible plow 26 by bolts. A leaf spring 27 is located at the lower part of the trailer frame 24, and a wheel axle 106 is located at the lower part of the leaf spring 27. The liquid storage tank 32 is located in the middle of the trailer frame 24, and the liquid storage tank 32 is connected to the electric hydraulic cylinder 25 through an oil pipe.

[0047] In one embodiment, the feeding device includes a feeding slide plate 29, which is disposed at the lower part of the discharge port 40 of the rotary combustion furnace. The upper part of the feeding slide plate 29 is bolted to the trailer frame 24. The middle part of the feeding slide plate 29 is bolted to one end of the slide plate push rod 30. The other end of the slide plate push rod 30 is bolted to the slide plate electric push rod 31. The slide plate electric push rod 31 is bolted to the bottom of the trailer frame 24.

[0048] In one embodiment, the wheel axle 106 and the wheel 28 are connected by a bearing built into the wheel 28, and the two rotate relative to each other. The wheel axle 106 is connected to the sensor mounting plate 105 by bolts. The sensor mounting plate 105 is arranged parallel to the trailer frame 24. A camera 103 is provided at one end of the sensor mounting plate 105 near the rear side of the trailer frame 24, and a distance measuring sensor 104 is provided at one end of the sensor mounting plate 105 near the front side of the trailer frame 24. A gear ring 102 is provided at the front of the wheel axle 106. A pulse counting module bracket 107 is provided on the upper part of the leaf spring 27, and a pulse counting module 101 is provided at the rear of the pulse counting module bracket 107. The pulse counting module 101 is arranged perpendicular to the gear ring 102.

[0049] In one embodiment, the electrical control box 23 is located at the rear of the trailer frame 24. The electrical control box 23 contains an all-in-one machine 201, a programmable logic controller (PLC) 202, an image acquisition card 203, a GPRS data transmission module 205, a power supply module 206, a multi-parameter acquisition module 207, and a power drive module 208. The all-in-one machine 201 is connected to the PLC 202 via a communication cable. The PLC 202 is connected to the multi-parameter acquisition module 207 via a 485 communication cable. The multi-parameter acquisition module 207 is connected to the temperature sensor 11, the flame detector 13, the wind speed sensor 21, the distance sensor 104, and the pulse counting module 101 via 485 communication cables. The all-in-one machine 201 is connected to the image acquisition card 203 via a network cable. The image acquisition card 203 is connected to the camera 103 via a dedicated cable. The all-in-one machine 201 is connected to the GPRS data transmission module 205 via a 232 dedicated cable. The GPRS data transmission module 205 is connected to the mobile phone 204 via a wireless 5G communication signal. The power module 206 is connected to all electrical components inside and outside the electrical control box via cables and supplies them with power. The programmable logic controller (PLC) 202 is connected to the power drive module 208 via a 485 communication cable. The power drive module 208 is connected to the straw picking and crushing machine motor 209, the straw screw conveyor motor 210, the combustion furnace geared motor 9, the dust exhaust fan 7, the submersible pump 20, the ignition gun 19, the electric hydraulic cylinder 25, and the sliding plate electric push rod 31 via cables.

[0050] In one embodiment, the programmable controller PLC202 is a DVP32 PLC.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, the method of using a mobile field-mounted rice straw reduction and carbonization returning device includes the following steps in the harvesting and combustion process:

[0052] Step (1). The trailer hitch is manually attached to the tractor hook and the rotating bracket is retracted. At this time, the tractor starts to move. During the movement, the tractor runs relatively smoothly due to the action of the leaf spring.

[0053] Step (2). Initialize the electrical control box. The multi-parameter acquisition module samples the signal of the pulse counting module. The current speed of the trolley is calculated based on the signal of the pulse counting module. The calculation method is as follows: There are 72 teeth on the gear ring. When one tooth rotates, the pulse counting module receives one pulse signal. The angular velocity of the wheel is obtained by the number of pulses received per minute X0, which is W=X0 / 72. Since the diameter of the wheel is 0.8 meters, the running speed of the trolley is V=3.14×0.8 (meters)×X0 / 72 (revolutions / minute).

[0054] Step (3). The all-in-one machine reads the signals from the programmable logic controller (PLC) in real time. When it detects that the trolley is moving, it adjusts the speed of the straw picking and crushing machine and the straw screw conveyor according to the speed of the trolley. When the speed of the trolley is >8km / h, the speed of the straw picking and crushing machine is 800 rpm and the speed of the straw screw conveyor is 80 rpm. When the speed of the trolley is >6km / h and <8km / h, the speed of the straw picking and crushing machine is 600 rpm and the speed of the straw screw conveyor is 60 rpm. When the speed of the trolley is <6km / h, the speed of the straw picking and crushing machine is 400 rpm and the speed of the straw screw conveyor is 50 rpm. The all-in-one machine sends instructions to the programmable logic controller (PLC), and then the PLC drives the power drive module to control the speed adjustment of the straw picking and crushing machine motor and the straw screw conveyor motor.

[0055] Step (4). During the tractor's movement, the insert plate lifting cylinder lowers the insert plate, which picks up the scattered straw on the ground and gradually pushes it into the straw picking and crushing machine. After passing through the straw picking and crushing machine, the straw is cut into small pieces and sent to the straw screw conveyor, which then sends it into the rotary combustion furnace. The power drive module starts the ignition gun and delays for 5 seconds to ensure that the straw is fully ignited. Then, the flame detector checks whether the straw is ignited. If it is not ignited, the ignition is started again, and the operation is repeated until the straw is ignited. After ensuring that the straw is fully ignited, the feeding device feeds the straw.

[0056] Step (5). The combustion furnace reduction motor drives the rotating combustion furnace main shaft to rotate via the conveyor chain. The integrated machine adjusts the rotation speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor and the speed of the blower according to the current vehicle speed to achieve a suitable air volume and ensure complete combustion. The adjustment method is as follows: when the trolley's travel speed is >8km / h, the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 80 rpm and the speed of the blower is 1200 rpm; when the trolley's travel speed is >6km / h and <8km / h, the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 60 rpm and the speed of the blower is 800 rpm; when the trolley's travel speed is <6km / h, the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 40 rpm and the speed of the straw screw conveyor is 500 rpm.

[0057] Step (6). The integrated machine adjusts the stroke of the sliding plate electric push rod according to the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor to ensure a relatively uniform feeding speed. The adjustment method is as follows: when the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 80 rpm, the stroke of the sliding plate electric push rod is 8 cm; when the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 60 rpm, the stroke of the sliding plate electric push rod is 6 cm; when the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 40 rpm, the stroke of the sliding plate electric push rod is 4 cm.

[0058] Step (7). While feeding the material, the integrated machine drives the electric hydraulic cylinder to lower the double-sided turning plow to facilitate soil turning. The oil in the storage tank enters the electric hydraulic cylinder through the oil pipe as the driving medium.

[0059] Step (8). During operation, the dust exhaust fan draws in the smoke from the combustion process, which enters the dust filter box through the smoke duct and is then discharged. The dust filter box is equipped with a wind speed sensor. The integrated machine reads the signal from the wind speed sensor through the multi-parameter acquisition module and the programmable logic controller (PLC) to calculate the current wind speed. Then, it determines whether the current wind speed is lower than the set threshold. If it is too low, it means that the dust filter screen is clogged and needs to be cleaned. At this time, the GPRS data transmission module sends a message to the user's mobile phone to remind them.

[0060] Step (9). The temperature sensor determines whether the furnace temperature exceeds the limit. If it does, the integrated machine sends a command to start the submersible pump in the water tank via the programmable logic controller (PLC). At this time, the left and right nozzles spray water to extinguish the open flame to ensure safety. Meanwhile, during the operation, if the flame signal detected by the flame detector is weak (i.e., the current output by the flame sensor is <10mA), it indicates that the straw has been extinguished, and the ignition gun is restarted for re-ignition.

[0061] Step (10). During device operation, the distance sensor monitors the height of the trailer frame above the ground in real time. When the height is less than the set value, it indicates that there is a pit in the ground. At this time, the integrated machine will issue a command to lift the insert plate through the insert plate lifting cylinder to prevent the insert plate from colliding with the ground and being damaged. When the tractor stops running for more than 10 seconds, it is considered to have stopped working, that is, all blocks have been completed, and the electrical control box will stop rotating the combustion furnace and the straw picking and crushing machine.

[0062] In one embodiment, the all-in-one machine is equipped with a pest and disease identification system. Using existing image processing methods, the feature values ​​of images captured by a camera are compared with pest and disease image data stored in the all-in-one machine. Based on the comparison results, the distribution of pests and diseases in the current block is analyzed and determined. At the same time, based on the severity of the pests and diseases, an alarm message is sent to the tractor driver via a GPRS module. After receiving the alarm message, the tractor driver adjusts the current tractor speed as needed.

[0063] The above description, in conjunction with specific / preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art can make various substitutions or modifications to these described embodiments without departing from the inventive concept, and all such substitutions or modifications should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] The parts of this invention not described in detail are well-known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A mobile field-mounted rice straw reduction and carbonization returning device, characterized in that, Includes trailer frame (24), straw harvesting device, combustion chamber, feeding device and soil covering device; The trailer frame (24) is provided with a trailer hanger (1) at the front end and wheels (28) at the bottom. The trailer hanger (1) is used to connect to the traction mechanism, which drives the entire device to move. The straw harvesting device is located on the front side of the trailer frame (24) and is used to harvest straw and transport it to the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is located on the trailer frame (24) and is used to achieve semi-combustion of straw. The burning straw is output through the feeding device located below the combustion chamber. The soil covering device is located on the rear side of the trailer frame (24) and is used to cover the burning straw with the topsoil in the field. The combustion chamber includes a combustion chamber housing (6) and a rotary combustion furnace (15). The rotary combustion furnace (15) is located in the combustion chamber housing (6). A dust exhaust fan (7) is located at the upper part of the combustion chamber housing (6). A smoke duct (8) is located at the output end of the dust exhaust fan (7). A dust box (22) is located at the end of the smoke duct (8). The dust box (22) is located at the end of the trailer frame (24). A wind speed sensor (21) is located inside the dust box (22). A combustion furnace reduction motor (9) is located at the upper part of the internal space of the combustion chamber housing (6). A conveyor chain (10) is located at the lower part of the combustion furnace reduction motor (9). The end of the conveyor chain (10) away from the combustion furnace reduction motor (9) is sleeved on the rotary combustion furnace main shaft (39) of the rotary combustion furnace (15). A screw is installed on the rotary combustion furnace main shaft (39). Rotary blades are used to drive the straw to rotate inside the rotary combustion furnace (15). A temperature sensor (11) is provided on the upper part of the inner wall of the rotary combustion furnace (15). A right nozzle (12) and a left nozzle (18) are respectively provided on the upper two sides of the rotary combustion furnace (15). An ignition gun (19) and a blower (14) are respectively provided on the lower two sides of the rotary combustion furnace (15). A flame detector (13) is provided in the middle and upper part of the rotary combustion furnace (15). A water tank (17) is provided on one side of the rotary combustion furnace (15). A submersible pump (20) is provided in the water tank (17). An electrical control box (23) is provided at the lower part of the water tank (17). The submersible pump (20) is connected to the right nozzle (12) and the left nozzle (18). A rotary combustion furnace discharge port (40) is provided at the bottom of the rotary combustion furnace (15) opposite to the trailer frame (24). The soil covering device includes an electric hydraulic cylinder (25), a liquid storage tank (32), and a double-sided reversible plow (26). The double-sided reversible plow (26) is located on the right side of the electric hydraulic cylinder (25). The end of the electric hydraulic cylinder (25) is connected to the double-sided reversible plow (26) by bolts. The lower part of the trailer frame (24) is provided with a bow leaf spring (27), and the lower part of the bow leaf spring (27) is provided with a wheel axle (106). The middle part of the trailer frame (24) is provided with a liquid storage tank (32), and the liquid storage tank (32) is connected to the electric hydraulic cylinder (25) through an oil pipe. The wheel axle (106) and the wheel (28) are connected by a bearing built into the wheel (28) and rotate relative to each other; the wheel axle (106) and the sensor mounting plate (105) are connected by bolts. The sensor mounting plate (105) is set parallel to the trailer frame (24). A camera (103) is provided at one end of the sensor mounting plate (105) near the rear side of the trailer frame (24), and a distance sensor (104) is provided at one end of the sensor mounting plate (105) near the front side of the trailer frame (24). A toothed ring (102) is provided at the front of the wheel axle (106), and a pulse counting module bracket (107) is provided on the upper part of the leaf spring (27). A pulse counting module (101) is provided at the tail of the pulse counting module bracket (107). The pulse counting module (101) is set perpendicular to the toothed ring (102). The electrical control box (23) is located at the rear of the trailer frame (24). The electrical control box (23) contains an integrated unit (201), a programmable logic controller (PLC) (202), an image acquisition card (203), a GPRS data transmission module (205), a power supply module (206), a multi-parameter acquisition module (207), and a power drive module (208). The integrated unit (201) is connected to the PLC (202) via a communication cable. The PLC (202) is connected to the multi-parameter acquisition module (207) via a 485 communication cable. The multi-parameter acquisition module (207) is connected to all external sensors via a 485 communication cable. The integrated machine (201) is connected to the image acquisition card (203) via a network cable, and the image acquisition card (203) is connected to the camera (103) via a dedicated cable. The integrated machine (201) is connected to the GPRS data transmission module (205) via a 232 dedicated cable, and the GPRS data transmission module (205) is connected to the mobile phone (204) via a wireless 5G communication signal. The power module (206) is connected to all electrical components inside and outside the power control box via a cable and supplies them with power. The programmable logic controller (PLC) (202) is connected to the power drive module (208) via a 485 communication cable, and the power drive module (208) is connected to all external drive devices.

2. The field-mobile rice straw reduction and carbonization returning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trailer hitch (1) has a rotating bracket (37) on the lower front side, and a rotating support wheel (36) is provided on the lower part of the rotating bracket (37).

3. The field-mobile rice straw reduction and carbonization returning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straw harvesting device includes a straw picking and crushing machine (3); a plate lifting cylinder (2) is provided on the trailer frame (24) on the front side of the straw picking and crushing machine (3), and the lower part of the plate lifting cylinder (2) is connected to the plate (38) by bolts; a straw conveyor (4) is provided on the side of the straw picking and crushing machine (3) relative to the combustion chamber, and the straw conveyor (4) is fixed on the trailer frame (24) by the middle support (34) and the front support (35) respectively; a straw screw conveyor (5) is provided on the side of the straw conveyor (4) away from the straw picking and crushing machine (3), and a rear support (33) is provided at the input end of the straw screw conveyor (5), and the output end is connected to the combustion chamber.

4. The field-mobile rice straw reduction and carbonization returning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding device includes a feeding slide plate (29), which is located at the lower part of the discharge port (40) of the rotary combustion furnace. The upper part of the feeding slide plate (29) is bolted to the trailer frame (24). The middle part of the feeding slide plate (29) is bolted to one end of the slide plate push rod (30). The other end of the slide plate push rod (30) is bolted to the slide plate electric push rod (31). The slide plate electric push rod (31) is bolted to the bottom of the trailer frame (24).

5. A mobile field-mounted rice straw reduction and carbonization returning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The programmable controller PLC (202) mentioned above is a DVP32 PLC.

6. The method of using a mobile field-mounted rice straw reduction and carbonization returning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step (1). Attach the trailer hitch to the tractor hook and retract the rotating bracket; at this time, the tractor starts to move. During the movement, the tractor runs relatively smoothly due to the action of the leaf spring. Step (2). Initialize the electrical control box. The multi-parameter acquisition module samples the signal of the pulse counting module. The current speed of the car is calculated based on the signal of the pulse counting module. The calculation method is as follows: There are N teeth on the gear ring. Each time a tooth rotates, the pulse counting module receives a pulse signal. The angular velocity of the wheel is obtained by the number of pulses received per minute X0, which is W=X0 / N. Since the diameter of the wheel is M meters, the running speed of the car is V=3.14×M (meters)×X0 / N (revolutions / minute). Step (3). The all-in-one machine reads the signal from the programmable controller PLC in real time. When it detects that the trolley is moving, it adjusts the speed of the straw picking and crushing machine and the straw screw conveyor according to the speed of the trolley. When the speed of the trolley is >8km / h, the speed of the straw picking and crushing machine is 800 rpm and the speed of the straw screw conveyor is 80 rpm. When the speed of the trolley is >6km / h and <8km / h, the speed of the straw picking and crushing machine is 600 rpm and the speed of the straw screw conveyor is 60 rpm. When the speed of the trolley is <6km / h, the speed of the straw picking and crushing machine is 400 rpm and the speed of the straw screw conveyor is 50 rpm. The all-in-one machine sends a command to the programmable controller PLC, and then the programmable controller PLC drives the power drive module to control the speed adjustment of the straw picking and crushing machine motor and the straw screw conveyor motor. Step (4). During the tractor's movement, the insert plate lifting cylinder lowers the insert plate, which picks up the straw scattered on the ground and gradually pushes it into the straw picking and crushing machine. After passing through the straw picking and crushing machine, the straw is cut into small pieces and sent to the straw screw conveyor. Then, the straw screw conveyor sends it into the rotary combustion furnace. The power drive module starts the ignition gun and delays for 5 seconds to ensure that the straw is fully ignited. Then, the flame detector checks whether the straw is ignited. If it is not ignited, the ignition is started again and the operation is repeated until the straw is ignited. After ensuring that the straw is fully ignited, the feeding device feeds the straw. Step (5). The combustion furnace reduction motor drives the rotating combustion furnace main shaft to rotate through the conveyor chain; the integrated machine adjusts the rotation speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor and the speed of the blower according to the current vehicle speed to achieve a suitable air volume and ensure complete combustion; the adjustment method is as follows: when the trolley's walking speed is >8km / h, the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 80 rpm and the speed of the blower is 1200 rpm; when the trolley's walking speed is >6km / h and <8km / h, the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 60 rpm and the speed of the blower is 800 rpm; when the trolley's walking speed is <6km / h, the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 40 rpm and the speed of the straw screw conveyor is 500 rpm. Step (6). The integrated machine adjusts the stroke of the sliding plate electric push rod according to the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor to ensure that the feeding speed is relatively uniform. The adjustment method is as follows: when the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 80 rpm, the stroke of the sliding plate electric push rod is 8 cm; when the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 60 rpm, the stroke of the sliding plate electric push rod is 6 cm; when the speed of the combustion furnace reduction motor is 40 rpm, the stroke of the sliding plate electric push rod is 4 cm. Step (7). While feeding the material, the integrated machine drives the electric hydraulic cylinder to lower the double-sided turning plow to facilitate the soil turning operation. The oil in the storage tank enters the electric hydraulic cylinder through the oil pipe as the driving medium. Step (8). During the operation, the dust exhaust fan draws in the smoke from the combustion process, which enters the dust filter box through the smoke pipe and is then discharged. The dust filter box is equipped with a wind speed sensor. The integrated machine reads the signal from the wind speed sensor through the multi-parameter acquisition module and the programmable controller PLC to calculate the current wind speed. Then it determines whether the current wind speed is lower than the set threshold. If it is too low, it means that the dust box filter screen is blocked and needs to be cleaned. At this time, the GPRS data transmission module sends a message to the user's mobile phone to provide a notification; Step (9). Determine whether the temperature inside the furnace exceeds the limit by using the temperature sensor. If it does, the integrated machine sends a command to start the submersible pump in the water tank through the programmable controller PLC. At this time, the left and right nozzles spray water to extinguish the open flame to ensure safety. Meanwhile, during the operation, if the current output by the flame sensor is <10mA, it means that the straw is extinguished. Then, the ignition gun is restarted to ignite the fire. Step (10). During the operation of the device, the distance sensor monitors the height of the trailer frame from the ground in real time. When the height is less than the set value, it indicates that there is a pit on the ground. At this time, the integrated machine will issue a command to lift the insert plate through the insert plate lifting cylinder to prevent the insert plate from hitting the ground and being damaged. When the tractor stops running for more than 10 seconds, it is considered to have stopped working, that is, all blocks have been completed, and the electrical control box stops rotating the combustion furnace and the straw picking and crushing machine.

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