A lathe and method for repairing a shield machine sealing track

Abstract

This invention discloses a lathe and method for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine (TBM), belonging to the technical field of tunnel excavation equipment. To address the low efficiency of existing TBM sealed runway repair methods, the lathe includes an X-axis motion mechanism (1), a Y-axis motion mechanism (2), and a tool holder (3) connected in sequence. The X-axis motion mechanism (1) is detachably connected to the grease ring (4) or drive box (5) of the TBM. The X-axis motion mechanism (1) enables the Y-axis motion mechanism (2) and the tool holder (3) to move along the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis motion mechanism (2) enables the tool holder (3) to move along the Y-axis direction. The X-axis direction is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction, and a first tool (31) is provided on the tool holder (3). Using this lathe to repair the sealed runway of a TBM replaces the existing manual grinding method in the repair of the machine's sealed runway, greatly improving the repair efficiency of the TBM sealed runway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel excavation equipment technology, specifically a lathe for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine (TBM), and a method for repairing the sealed runway of a TBM. Background Technology

[0002] During long-distance tunneling, the main drive sealed runway of the tunnel boring machine (TBM) exhibited varying degrees of wear. The proposed repair method involved opening the tunnel chamber, allowing personnel to enter the water intake chamber, and repairing the runway using manual welding and grinding. This approach presented an extremely harsh working environment and demanded a high level of skill and experience from the workers, making it difficult to guarantee the final quality of the sealed runway.

[0003] The current repair technology for the main drive sealed runway involves laser cladding of the runway's outer circumference, followed by grinding the surface of the tunnel boring machine's main drive runway using a motor-driven grinding wheel. This technology has several drawbacks: 1. The laser cladding surface has a hardness of HRC50 or higher, resulting in low efficiency when directly grinding with a grinding wheel; 2. The cladding layer thickness is typically around 2mm, leading to significant grinding volume, long repair time, and impacting project schedules, making it difficult to meet maintenance requirements; furthermore, the grinding wheel is prone to wear during use, and its diameter may change, making it difficult to achieve the required roundness and concentricity of the sealed runway. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem of low efficiency in repairing the sealed runway of tunnel boring machines (TBMs), this invention provides a lathe and method for repairing the sealed runway of TBMs. The lathe used to repair the sealed runway of TBMs replaces the manual grinding method in the existing TBM seal runway repair process, greatly improving the repair efficiency of the sealed runway of TBMs.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A lathe for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine includes an X-axis motion mechanism, a Y-axis motion mechanism, and a cutter holder connected in sequence. The X-axis motion mechanism can be detachably connected to the grease ring or drive box of the tunnel boring machine. The X-axis motion mechanism can move the Y-axis motion mechanism and the cutter holder along the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis motion mechanism can move the cutter holder along the Y-axis direction. The X-axis direction is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction, and a first cutter is provided on the cutter holder.

[0007] A method for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Preparation;

[0009] Step 2: Weld and repair the annular track sealing surface on the sealed runway;

[0010] Step 3: Install the lathe for repairing the sealing runway of the tunnel boring machine as described in claim 1 at the front end of the grease ring or drive box of the tunnel boring machine, and rough machine the annular track sealing surface on the sealing runway.

[0011] Step 4: The lathe finishes the annular track sealing surface on the sealing track;

[0012] Step 5: Inspect the surface of the sealing surface of the annular track on the sealed runway;

[0013] Step 6: Polish the surface of the annular track sealing surface on the sealed runway.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] 1. Efficiency: The rotating cutter head drives the track to rotate as well. The cutter head rotates at 1 revolution / min. It takes 20 minutes to process one weld and 20 minutes for fine grinding, for a total of 40 minutes. Under the existing technology, grinding one weld takes at least 24 hours. This represents a leap in efficiency.

[0016] 2. Quality: On-site processing steps include: benchmark inspection, equipment adjustment, rough machining, finish machining, and grinding. Machining is performed according to the dimensions shown in the drawings to ensure dimensional accuracy and surface finish. During processing, care is taken to prevent grinding debris from entering the holes of the grease ring. Multiple processing steps result in higher quality.

[0017] 3. On-site implementation: The portable lathe is easy to carry to the tunneling space and can be operated inside the tunnel. It can be fixed using the bolt holes on the grease ring, making it easy to secure. Its small size requires little operating space; by moving the cutterhead flange forward, it can operate in confined spaces as narrow as 300mm wide. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the lathe used for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a left-side schematic diagram of the lathe used for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine, as described in this invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is along Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a tunnel boring machine without a grease ring.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a tunnel boring machine containing a grease ring.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lathe turning of the first and second track sealing surfaces.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lathe turning of the third and fourth track sealing surfaces.

[0026] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0027] 1. X-axis motion mechanism; 2. Y-axis motion mechanism; 3. Tool holder; 4. Grease ring; 5. Drive box; 6. Sealed track; 7. Main drive;

[0028] 11. First fixed seat; 12. X-axis feed axis; 13. First slider;

[0029] 21. Second fixed seat; 22. Y-axis feed axis; 23. Second slider;

[0030] 31. First cutting tool; 32. Second cutting tool; 33. Tool holder;

[0031] 51. Large pressure ring; 52. Small pressure ring; 53. Sealing ring; 54. Sealing spacer ring;

[0032] 61. First track sealing surface; 62. Second track sealing surface; 63. Third track sealing surface; 64. Fourth track sealing surface; 65. Annular track sealing surface;

[0033] 71. Extended bolts;

[0034] 111. Installation through hole; 112. First bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0035] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] A lathe for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) includes an X-axis motion mechanism 1, a Y-axis motion mechanism 2, and a cutter holder 3 connected in sequence. The X-axis motion mechanism 1 is detachably connected to the grease ring 4 or drive box 5 of the TBM. The X-axis motion mechanism 1 enables the Y-axis motion mechanism 2 and the cutter holder 3 to move synchronously along the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis motion mechanism 2 enables the cutter holder 3 to move along the Y-axis direction. The X-axis direction is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction. A first cutter 31 is provided on the cutter holder 3. Figures 1 to 3 As shown.

[0037] In this embodiment, depending on the model, the tunnel boring machine may or may not contain the grease ring 4, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown. The lathe used for repairing the sealed runway of the tunnel boring machine is characterized by its miniaturization, portability, and ease of transport. The length of the lathe used for repairing the sealed runway of the tunnel boring machine can be 20cm-30cm, such as 22cm; the width of the lathe used for repairing the sealed runway of the tunnel boring machine can be 20cm-30cm, such as 24cm; and the height of the lathe used for repairing the sealed runway of the tunnel boring machine can be 20cm-30cm, such as 26cm.

[0038] In this embodiment, the X-axis motion mechanism 1 includes a first fixed seat 11, an X-direction feed shaft 12, and a first slider 13. The first fixed seat 11 can be detachably connected to the grease ring 4 or drive box 5 of the tunnel boring machine. The rotation of the X-direction feed shaft 12 can cause the first slider 13 to move along the X-axis direction. The first slider 13 is connected and fixed to the Y-axis motion mechanism 2.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first fixed seat 11 is provided with a mounting through hole 111. The first fixed seat 11 can be connected and fixed to the grease ring 4 or drive box 5 of the tunnel boring machine through the mounting through hole 111 and the first bolt 112. The X-direction feed shaft 12 passes through the first fixed seat 11 and the first slider 13. The X-direction feed shaft 12 is threadedly connected to both the first fixed seat 11 and the first slider 13. The first slider 13 is matched and connected to the first fixed seat 11. The axis of the X-direction feed shaft 12 is parallel to the X-axis direction.

[0040] The first fixed seat 11 is provided with one or more mounting through holes 111. The grease ring 4 is connected to the drive box 5 by bolts. The positions of the mounting through holes on the grease ring 4 and the drive box 5 correspond to each other. Regardless of whether the tunnel boring machine contains the grease ring 4, when the first fixed seat 11 is provided with multiple mounting through holes 111, the first fixed seat 11 can be connected and fixed to the grease ring 4 or the drive box 5 of the tunnel boring machine through the mounting through holes 111 and the first bolts 112.

[0041] In this embodiment, the Y-axis motion mechanism 2 includes a second fixed seat 21, a Y-direction feed shaft 22, and a second slider 23. The second fixed seat 21 is connected and fixed to the first slider 13 as a whole. The rotation of the Y-direction feed shaft 22 can cause the second slider 23 to move along the Y-axis direction. The second slider 23 is connected and fixed to the tool holder 3.

[0042] In this embodiment, the Y-direction feed shaft 22 passes through the second fixed seat 21 and the second slider 23. The Y-direction feed shaft 22 is threadedly connected to both the second fixed seat 21 and the second slider 23. The second slider 23 is matched and connected to the second fixed seat 21. The axis of the Y-direction feed shaft 22 is parallel to the Y-axis direction. The outer peripheral surfaces of both the X-direction feed shaft 12 and the Y-direction feed shaft 22 are provided with external threads.

[0043] In this embodiment, the cutting head of the first cutter 31 faces the X-axis direction. A second cutter 32 is also provided on the cutter holder 3. The second cutter 32 includes a cutter shank 33 and the first cutter 31. The distance between the two first cutters 31 is equal to the distance between two adjacent annular track sealing surfaces 65 on the sealed runway 6. The cutter holder 3 may have grooves for mounting the first cutter 31 and the second cutter 32. The first cutter 31 and the second cutter 32 can be bolted to the cutter holder 3.

[0044] A method for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine (TBM), the method comprising the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Preparation;

[0046] Step 2: Weld and repair the annular track sealing surface 65 on the sealed runway 6;

[0047] Step 3: Install the lathe used for repairing the shield machine sealing runway at the front end of the shield machine's grease ring 4 or drive box 5, with the cutting head of the first cutter 31 facing the annular track sealing surface 65 of the sealing runway 6, and rough machine the annular track sealing surface 65 on the sealing runway 6.

[0048] Step 4: The lathe finishes the annular track sealing surface 65 on the sealing track 6;

[0049] Step 5: Inspect the surface of the annular track sealing surface 65 on the sealed runway 6;

[0050] Step 6: Polish the surface of the annular track sealing surface 65 on the sealed runway 6.

[0051] In step 1, the preparation work includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1.1: Remove components outside the sealed runway 6, such as the large pressure ring 51, small pressure ring 52, sealing ring 53, and sealing spacer 54. These components are located in front of the drive box 5, exposing the sealed runway 6. Figure 4 As shown, the outer sealing track 6 is moved forward along the central axis using the set screw hole, allowing for better observation of the wear location during repair. The extended bolt 71 is used to connect and fix the sealing track 6 to the main drive 8. Figure 5 As shown;

[0053] Step 1.2: Clean the sealed runway 6 to remove oil, rust and other impurities from its surface, revealing its metallic luster. Use a depth gauge to measure the wear of the sealed runway 6 and mark and record it. Determine the thickness of the weld repair based on the amount of wear.

[0054] In step 2, the welding is surfacing welding, using argon arc welding, and high-strength wear-resistant surfacing welding wire is used. After surfacing welding, the surface hardness reaches HRC50 or above, and the surfacing surface is free of defects such as cracks and pores. If the tunnel boring machine contains a grease ring 4, the grease ring 4 can be removed before welding the sealed runway 6.

[0055] In this embodiment, the sealed runway 6 may be provided with four annular track sealing surfaces 65. Along the direction from front to back, the four annular track sealing surfaces 65 are, in sequence, the first track sealing surface 61, the second track sealing surface 62, the third track sealing surface 63, and the fourth track sealing surface 64.

[0056] In step 3, the lathe can machine one annular track sealing surface 65 at a time, in which case there is only one first tool 31 on the tool holder 3. Alternatively, the lathe can machine two annular track sealing surfaces 65 at a time, in which case there are two first tools 31 on the tool holder 3. Preferably, the lathe can machine two annular track sealing surfaces 65 at a time, in which case there are two first tools 31 on the tool holder 3. The first tool 31 on the tool holder 3 is an alloy tool, i.e., the roughing operation described below uses an alloy tool. When the tunnel boring machine does not contain a grease ring 4, step 3 includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 3.1a: Install the lathe at the front end (left or right side) of the drive box 5, that is, connect and fix the first fixed seat 11 to the drive box 5, and then adjust the position of the lathe;

[0058] Step 3.2a: The lathe rough-turns the first track sealing surface 61 and the second track sealing surface 62 to the machining allowance (e.g., 0.2 mm);

[0059] Step 3.3a: The lathe rough-turns the third track sealing surface 63 and the fourth track sealing surface 64 to the machining allowance (e.g., 0.2 mm).

[0060] Adjusting the position of the lathe includes the following:

[0061] Fine-tuning the lathe:

[0062] By rotating the X-axis feed shaft 12 and the Y-axis feed shaft 22, the first tool 31 is aligned with the annular track sealing surface 65.

[0063] Detect outer diameter deviation:

[0064] The tunnel boring machine rotates at 1 revolution per minute. Measure four points (top, bottom, left, and right) with a steel ruler and adjust the lathe to ensure a 10mm adjustment range in each direction (front, back, left, and right). Repeat the first step using a dial indicator to measure the machining allowance for the four weld seams and record the data. Simultaneously, identify and mark the highest and lowest points.

[0065] Adjustment Equipment Center:

[0066] The second step involves repeating the measurement with a dial indicator. While ensuring sufficient machining allowance, the positions of the lathe's adjusting blocks are fixed and marked to prevent loosening.

[0067] In step 3, when the tunnel boring machine contains a grease ring 4, step 3 includes the following steps:

[0068] Step 3.1b: Install the lathe on the front end (left or right side) of the grease ring 4, and then adjust the position of the lathe;

[0069] Step 3.2b: The lathe rough-turns the first track sealing surface 61 and the second track sealing surface 62 to the machining allowance, such as... Figure 6 As shown;

[0070] Step 3.3b: Remove the lathe and grease ring 4;

[0071] Step 3.4b: Install the lathe on the front end (left or right side) of the grease ring 4, and then adjust the position of the lathe;

[0072] Step 3.5b: The lathe rough-turns the third track sealing surface 63 and the fourth track sealing surface 64 to the machining allowance, such as... Figure 7 As shown.

[0073] In step 4, the first cutting tool 31 on the tool holder 3 needs to be replaced with a ceramic cutting tool. That is, the first cutting tool 31 on the tool holder 3 is now a ceramic cutting tool. The following finish turning is performed using the ceramic cutting tool. When the tunnel boring machine does not contain the grease ring 4, step 4 includes the following steps:

[0074] Step 4.1a: The lathe finishes the first track sealing surface 61 and the second track sealing surface 62 to the dimensions required by the drawing;

[0075] Step 4.2a: The lathe finishes the third track sealing surface 63 and the fourth track sealing surface 64 to the dimensions required by the drawing.

[0076] In step 4, when the tunnel boring machine contains a grease ring 4, step 4 includes the following steps:

[0077] Step 4.1b: Install the lathe on the front end of the grease ring 4, and then adjust the position of the lathe;

[0078] Step 4.2b: The lathe finishes the first track sealing surface 61 and the second track sealing surface 62 to the dimensions required by the drawing.

[0079] Step 4.3b: Remove the lathe and grease ring 4;

[0080] Step 4.4b: Install the lathe on the front end of the grease ring 4, and then adjust the position of the lathe;

[0081] Step 4.5b: The lathe turns the third track sealing surface 63 and the fourth track sealing surface 64 to the dimensions required by the drawing.

[0082] In step 5, the specific content of the surface inspection is as follows: check whether there are any defects on the finished surface; if there are any welding defects, repair them by welding in a timely manner, and manually grind the repaired welding position. Use a circular straightedge to check the roundness of the entire circle, and check the roundness of the manual grinding.

[0083] In step 6, the specific content of surface polishing is as follows: the outer circle can be polished manually using a surface polishing machine while rotating the shield machine's sealed runway 6, and the polishing amount does not exceed 0.1mm.

[0084] For ease of understanding and description, this invention uses a combination of absolute positional relationships and coordinate axes. Unless otherwise specified, the directional term "front" indicates... Figure 6 The left side of the middle, "after" indicates Figure 6 The rear direction in the middle, "left" indicates Figure 6 The lower side of the middle, "right" indicates Figure 6 The X-axis corresponds to the front-back direction, and the Y-axis corresponds to the left-right direction. This invention is described from the perspective of the reader or user; however, the aforementioned directional terms should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0085] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Therefore, any substitution of equivalent components or equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of protection of this patent should still fall within the scope of this patent. Furthermore, the technical features, technical solutions, and embodiments of the present invention can be freely combined and used together.

Claims

1. A method for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that, The method for repairing the sealed runway of the tunnel boring machine includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation; Step 2: Weld and repair the annular track sealing surface (65) on the sealed runway (6); Step 3: Install the lathe for repairing the shield machine's sealed runway at the front end of the shield machine's grease ring (4) or drive box (5). The lathe rough-machines the annular track sealing surface (65) on the sealed runway (6). The lathe for repairing the shield machine's sealed runway includes an X-axis motion mechanism (1), a Y-axis motion mechanism (2), and a tool holder (3) connected in sequence. The X-axis motion mechanism (1) enables the Y-axis motion mechanism (2) and the tool holder (3) to move along the X-axis direction. The Y-axis motion mechanism (2) enables the tool holder (3) to move along the Y-axis direction. The X-axis direction is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction. A first tool (31) is provided on the tool holder (3). Step 4: The lathe finishes the annular track sealing surface (65) on the sealing track (6); Step 5: Inspect the surface of the annular track sealing surface (65) on the sealed runway (6); Step 6: Polish the surface of the annular track sealing surface (65) on the sealed runway (6); The sealed runway (6) is provided with four annular track sealing surfaces (65). Along the direction from front to back, the four annular track sealing surfaces (65) are the first track sealing surface (61), the second track sealing surface (62), the third track sealing surface (63), and the fourth track sealing surface (64). In step 3, if the tunnel boring machine does not contain a grease ring (4), step 3 includes the following steps: Step 3.1a: Install the lathe at the front end of the drive box (5); Step 3.2a: The lathe rough turns the first track sealing surface (61) and the second track sealing surface (62). Step 3.3a: The lathe rough turns the third track sealing surface (63) and the fourth track sealing surface (64). In step 3, when the tunnel boring machine contains a grease ring (4), step 3 includes the following steps: Step 3.1b: Install the lathe at the front end of the grease ring (4); Step 3.2b: The lathe rough turns the first track sealing surface (61) and the second track sealing surface (62). Step 3.3b: Remove the lathe and grease ring (4); Step 3.4b: Install the lathe at the front end of the grease ring (4); Step 3.5b: The lathe rough turns the third track sealing surface (63) and the fourth track sealing surface (64).

2. The method for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis motion mechanism (1) includes a first fixed seat (11), an X-direction feed shaft (12), and a first slider (13). The first fixed seat (11) can be detachably connected to the grease ring (4) or drive box (5) of the tunnel boring machine. The rotation of the X-direction feed shaft (12) can cause the first slider (13) to move along the X-axis direction. The first slider (13) is connected and fixed to the Y-axis motion mechanism (2).

3. The method for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first fixed seat (11) is provided with a mounting through hole (111). The first fixed seat (11) can be connected and fixed to the grease ring (4) or drive box (5) of the tunnel boring machine through the mounting through hole (111) and the first bolt (112). The X-direction feed shaft (12) passes through the first fixed seat (11) and the first slider (13). The first slider (13) is matched and connected with the first fixed seat (11). The X-direction feed shaft (12) is parallel to the X-axis direction.

4. The method for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Y-axis motion mechanism (2) includes a second fixed seat (21), a Y-direction feed axis (22), and a second slider (23). The second fixed seat (21) is connected and fixed to the first slider (13). The rotation of the Y-direction feed axis (22) enables the second slider (23) to move along the Y-axis. The second slider (23) is connected and fixed to the tool holder (3).

5. The method for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The Y-direction feed axis (22) passes through the second fixed seat (21) and the second slider (23). The second slider (23) is matched and connected to the second fixed seat (21). The Y-direction feed axis (22) is parallel to the Y-axis direction.

6. The method for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tip of the first cutter (31) faces the X-axis direction. The tool holder (3) is also provided with a second cutter (32). The second cutter (32) contains a tool holder (33) and the first cutter (31). The distance between the two first cutters (31) is equal to the distance between two adjacent annular track sealing surfaces (65) on the sealed runway (6).

7. The method for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the preparation work includes the following steps: Step 1.1: Remove the components outside the sealed runway (6) to expose the sealed runway (6), move the sealed runway (6) forward, and use the extended bolts (71) to connect and fix the sealed runway (6) to the main drive (8); Step 1.2: Clean the sealed runway (6), measure the wear condition of the sealed runway (6), and determine the thickness of the weld repair.

8. The method for repairing the sealed runway of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, if the tunnel boring machine does not contain a grease ring (4), step 4 includes the following steps: Step 4.1a: The lathe finishes the first track sealing surface (61) and the second track sealing surface (62). Step 4.2a: The lathe finishes the third track sealing surface (63) and the fourth track sealing surface (64). In step 4, when the tunnel boring machine contains a grease ring (4), step 4 includes the following steps: Step 4.1b: Install the lathe at the front end of the grease ring (4); Step 4.2b: The lathe finishes the first track sealing surface (61) and the second track sealing surface (62). Step 4.3b: Remove the lathe and grease ring (4); Step 4.4b: Install the lathe at the front end of the grease ring (4); Step 4.5b: The lathe turns the third track sealing surface (63) and the fourth track sealing surface (64).

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