A helical assembly of fiber bundles and its use in composite droplet separation

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of spiral combination fiber bundle and its application in composite droplet separation.The fiber bundle includes double-filament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundle and homogeneous fiber bundle, and is formed by adopting X-type winding weaving mode by double-filament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundle and homogeneous fiber bundle.By adjusting the number of filaments of homogeneous fiber bundle, the spacing between fiber bundles and the fiber diameter of the fiber bundle, fine separation of different types of composite droplet pairs can be achieved.The present application can be applied to different occasions of sewage treatment or oil dehydration requirements, and can be widely applied to composite droplet separation process in various industries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to heterogeneous separation technology in the fields of petrochemicals, waste treatment, and biomedicine, and specifically relates to a fiber weaving method suitable for heterogeneous separation. Background Technology

[0002] Heterogeneous phase separation technology utilizes the principle of molecular interactions between solvents. Because the continuous and dispersed phases in a heterogeneous system have different physical properties (such as different densities), they can generally be separated mechanically. However, separation requires relative motion between the dispersed and continuous phases. This technology can efficiently and accurately separate substances, significantly improving the efficiency of the entire separation process. Heterogeneous phase separation technology is a novel technique for solving complex mixture separation tasks. It mainly includes supercritical fluid extraction, solvent extraction, simulated flow extraction, and gas distillation. It is a rapid, simple, and practical technique for separating substances, enabling rapid separation in a short time and improving efficiency and economic benefits. Currently, the main basic methods for separating heterogeneous mixtures include sedimentation, filtration, centrifugation, and flotation. Gravity sedimentation can only be used to separate particles with large particle size or settling velocity. It has low energy consumption, but its production capacity is determined by the settling area, resulting in a large footprint and low productivity. Filtration has a wide range of applications, but the filter media is prone to clogging and has poor continuity, thus resulting in low separation efficiency. Centrifugal separation has a large separation capacity and can adapt to a wide range of particle sizes, but the equipment investment and maintenance costs are high. Cyclone separation is easy to install, can be operated continuously, and has a wide range of applications, but it cannot effectively separate heterogeneous phases smaller than 15 μm. It requires the use of various flotation reagents. The flotation process has many process factors and requires high operation and control technology. The dewatering efficiency of flotation products (froth concentrate) is relatively low, and the process is also relatively complex. The above technologies are only applicable to specific processes.

[0003] Traditional oil-water separation methods, such as oil separators, centrifuges, flotation machines, and depth filters, can separate insoluble oil-water mixtures. However, they are less effective at separating emulsions, especially complex droplets. Compared to ordinary oil-water mixtures, complex droplets have a more complex composition. Traditional oil-water separation technologies such as flotation, high-voltage electrostatic separation, gravity separation, and microbial separation suffer from high costs, complex processes, demanding equipment requirements, and susceptibility to secondary contamination, limiting their widespread application in the separation of complex droplets.

[0004] Chinese invention patent (CN103952853 B) discloses an X-shaped weaving method suitable for oil-water separation. This invention uses an X-shaped weaving method to combine hydrophilic and oleophobic fibers. By adjusting the angle between the hydrophilic and oleophobic fibers, different oil-water separation processes can be met, thus improving the efficiency of oil-water separation. However, this method is only applicable to oil-water separation processes. For composite droplets, which have more complex compositions, this method is not suitable for separating composite droplets.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to further develop a heterogeneous separation technology that is simple to operate, low in cost, low in energy consumption, and high in separation efficiency, so as to be applicable to different composite droplet separation processes. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology and further improve the efficiency of the separation process of composite droplets in heterogeneous mixtures, this invention provides a helical composite fiber bundle, which is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A spiral composite fiber bundle, characterized in that the fiber bundle is formed by X-shaped interlacing and weaving of a bifilament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundle and a homogeneous fiber bundle or a monofilament homogeneous straight fiber; wherein: the bifilament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundle is formed by the spiral twisting of one oleophilic-hydrophobic fiber and one hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber; the homogeneous fiber bundle is a bifilament homogeneous spiral fiber bundle, which is formed by the spiral twisting of two hydrophilic-oleophobic fibers or two hydrophilic-oleophobic fibers; the monofilament homogeneous straight fiber is one hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber or one hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber.

[0008] Preferably, the diameter of the hydrophilic and oleophobic fiber is 0.5~10μm, the diameter of the oleophilic and hydrophobic fiber is 1~15μm, and the diameter ratio of the oleophilic and hydrophobic fiber to the hydrophilic and oleophobic fiber is 0.5~2.

[0009] The present invention also provides the application of the aforementioned helical combined fiber bundle in the separation of composite droplets.

[0010] An application of a helical composite fiber bundle, characterized in that the application is in the separation of water-in-oil-in-water type composite droplets, and the application method is as follows:

[0011] When the oil phase particle size D of the composite droplet is 1~20μm and the water phase particle size in the oil phase is 0.02D~0.5D μm, a combination fiber bundle is used to interweave and weave a dual-filament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundle with a monofilament homogeneous straight fiber in an X-shaped winding. At this time, the flow direction of the composite droplet is horizontal at 0 degrees and the velocity is less than or equal to 0.015 m / s.

[0012] When the oil phase particle size D of the composite droplet is 20~100μm and the water phase particle size in the oil phase is 0.02D~0.5Dμm, a combination fiber bundle is used to interweave and weave a heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and a homogeneous helical fiber bundle in an X-shape. At this time, the flow direction of the composite droplet is horizontal at 0 degrees and the velocity is less than or equal to 0.05m / s.

[0013] Preferably, the angle α between the bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and the horizontal direction is 30 to 60 degrees in the counterclockwise direction, and the angle between the homogeneous fiber bundle and the horizontal direction is 90 degrees.

[0014] Preferably, the spacing 'a' between adjacent heterogeneous twin-filament helical fiber bundles is 1 to 5 times the spacing 'b' between adjacent homogeneous fiber bundles.

[0015] An application of a helical composite fiber bundle, characterized in that the application is in the separation of oil-in-water-in-oil composite droplets, and the application method is as follows:

[0016] When the oil phase particle size D of the composite droplet is 1~20μm and the water phase particle size in the oil phase is 0.02D~0.5D μm, a combined fiber bundle is formed by X-shaped winding and interlacing of a dual-filament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundle and a monofilament homogeneous straight fiber. At this time, the flow direction of the composite droplet is horizontal at 0 degrees and the velocity is less than or equal to 0.02m / s.

[0017] When the oil phase particle size D of the composite droplet is 20~100μm and the water phase particle size in the oil phase is 0.02D~0.5Dμm, a combined fiber bundle is formed by X-shaped winding and interlacing of bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and bifilament homogeneous helical fiber bundle. At this time, the flow direction of the composite droplet is horizontal at 0 degrees and the velocity is less than or equal to 0.05m / s.

[0018] Preferably, the angle between the dual-filament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and the horizontal direction is 15 to 60 degrees in the clockwise direction, and the angle between the homogeneous fiber bundle and the horizontal direction is 90 degrees.

[0019] Preferably, the spacing 'a' between adjacent heterogeneous twin-filament helical fiber bundles is 2 to 6 times the spacing 'b' between adjacent homogeneous fiber bundles.

[0020] Through long-term research, the inventors discovered that the diameter of the hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber is 0.5~10μm, and the diameter ratio of the hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber to the oleophobic fiber is 0.5~2; the angle between the bifilament heterohelical fiber bundle and the horizontal is 30~60 degrees counterclockwise, while the angle between the homogeneous fiber bundle and the horizontal is 90 degrees; the spacing 'a' between adjacent bifilament heterohelical fiber bundles is 1~5 times the spacing 'b' between adjacent homogeneous fiber bundles. Under this fiber bundle design, the separation efficiency of water-in-oil-in-water composite droplets is high. The bifilament heterohelical fiber bundle and the homogeneous fiber bundle are X-shaped interlaced and woven. The composite droplets first spirally slide on the heterohelical fiber bundle, and the internal micro-water droplets coalesce. When the oil droplet moves to the fiber spiral node and the entanglement node, it is subjected to the polar force of the homogeneous straight fiber bundle's hydrophilic-oleophobic properties. Furthermore, when the weaving angle is small, the wastewater flow velocity is low, resulting in a longer force process for the water droplet, making it easier to separate oil and water droplets in the wastewater.

[0021] The diameter of the hydrophilic-hydrophilic fibers is 1-15 μm, and the diameter ratio of the hydrophilic-oleophobic fibers to the hydrophilic-hydrophilic fibers is 0.2-5. The angle between the bifilament heterohelical fiber bundle and the horizontal direction is 15-60 degrees clockwise, while the angle between the homogeneous fiber bundle and the horizontal direction is 90 degrees. The spacing 'a' between adjacent bifilament heterohelical fiber bundles is 2-6 times the spacing 'b' between adjacent homogeneous fiber bundles. Under the above fiber bundle design, the separation efficiency of oil-in-water-in-oil composite droplets is high. The bifilament heterohelical fiber bundle and the homogeneous fiber bundle are X-shaped interlaced. The composite droplets first slide spirally on the heterohelical fiber bundle, and the internal micro-oil droplets coalesce. When the water droplets move to the fiber helical nodes and the entanglement nodes, they are subjected to the polar force of the hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber bundle. When the weaving angle is small, the oil flow velocity is small, which makes the force process of the water droplets longer, and the water droplets and oil droplets in the oil are more easily separated. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber bundle of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the spiral combined fiber bundle weaving method of the present invention applied to the separation of water-in-oil-in-water type composite droplets.

[0024] Figure 2(a) shows the weaving method of combining bifilament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundles with monofilament homogeneous straight fibers, and Figure 2(b) shows the weaving method of combining bifilament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundles with homogeneous fiber bundles.

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the spiral combined fiber bundle weaving method of the present invention applied to the separation of oil-in-water-in-oil composite droplets.

[0026] Figure 3(a) shows the weaving method of combining bifilament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundles with monofilament homogeneous straight fibers, and Figure 3(b) shows the weaving method of combining bifilament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundles with homogeneous fiber bundles.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the separation of oil droplets and water droplets on a fiber layer in the separation of water-in-oil-in-water composite droplets.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the separation of water droplets and oil droplets on a fiber layer in the separation of oil-in-water-in-oil composite droplets. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Oily wastewater from a hydrotreating unit of a petrochemical company is treated with the spiral combined fiber bundles of this invention for oil removal. The oily wastewater contains 2000 mg / L of oil, of which approximately 10% are 0.1-15 μm water-in-oil-in-water composite droplets, approximately 30% are 0.1-15 μm emulsified oil droplets, and 60% are 15-30 μm suspended oil droplets. The operating temperature is 40°C, and the oil content after effluent removal is required to be less than 100 mg / L.

[0032] Solution selection: Use a three-stage heterogeneous separation fiber braided layer to separate oily wastewater.

[0033] The first segment consists of a bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and a homogeneous fiber bundle interwoven in an X-shape. The ratio of the spacing 'a' between adjacent bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundles to the spacing 'b' between adjacent homogeneous fiber bundles is a:b=3. The angle α between the bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and the horizontal is 30 degrees clockwise, as shown in Figure 3. The design function is to remove 70% of the suspended oil droplets with a particle size of 15~30 μm. The length of the first fiber layer is 300 mm.

[0034] The second section consists of a bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and a monofilament homogeneous straight fiber interwoven in an X-shape. The ratio of the spacing 'a' between adjacent bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundles to the spacing 'b' between adjacent monofilament homogeneous straight fibers is a:b=1.5. The angle α between the bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and the horizontal is 45 degrees clockwise. The design function is to simultaneously remove 10% of 0.1~15μm water-in-oil-in-water composite droplets and 30% of 0.1~15μm emulsified oil droplets. The length of the second fiber layer is 500mm.

[0035] The third section consists of a bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and a homogeneous fiber bundle interwoven in an X-shape. The ratio of the spacing 'a' between adjacent bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundles to the spacing 'b' between adjacent homogeneous fiber bundles is a:b=1. The angle α between the bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and the horizontal is 60 degrees clockwise. The design function is to quickly capture and remove the oil droplets that have coalesced and grown in the second section and the oil droplets that have not been separated in the first section. The length of the fiber layer in the third section is 300mm.

[0036] Implementation results: After the fiber layer treatment by the above-mentioned spiral combined fiber bundle, the oil content in the oily wastewater was reduced to 20~60mg / L, which met the design requirement of a stable separation of less than 100mg / L, and the removal rate of water-in-oil-in-water composite droplets reached 99%.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The diesel fuel in the hydrotreating unit of a petrochemical company is dehydrated using the spiral combined fiber bundle fiber layer of this invention. The diesel fuel contains approximately 800 mg / L of water, of which approximately 15% consists of 0.1-15 μm oil-in-water-in-oil composite droplets, approximately 15% consists of 0.1-15 μm emulsified water droplets, and 70% consists of 15-30 μm dispersed water droplets. The operating temperature is 50°C. The requirement is that the water content of the dehydrated diesel fuel be less than 200 mg / L.

[0039] Solution selection: Use a two-stage heterogeneous separation fiber braided layer to dehydrate diesel fuel.

[0040] The first segment consists of a bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and a homogeneous fiber bundle intertwined in an X-shape. The ratio of the spacing 'a' between adjacent bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundles to the spacing 'b' between adjacent homogeneous fiber bundles is a:b=5. The bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundles form a counterclockwise angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal, as shown in Figure 3. The design function is to first remove 70% of the dispersed water droplets with a particle size of 15~30μm, while also removing a small amount of emulsified water droplets. The length of the first fiber layer is 350mm.

[0041] The second section consists of a bifilament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundle and a monofilament homogeneous straight fiber interwoven in an X-shape. The ratio of the spacing 'a' between adjacent bifilament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundles to the spacing 'b' between adjacent monofilament homogeneous straight fibers is a:b=2. The bifilament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundles form an angle of 45 degrees counterclockwise with the horizontal. The design function removes 15% of 0.1~15μm oil-in-water-in-oil composite droplets and 15% of 0.1~15μm emulsified water droplets. The length of the second fiber layer is 400mm.

[0042] Implementation results: The water content in diesel fuel treated with the fiber braided layer of the present invention is reduced to 50~120mg / L, which meets the design requirement of a stable separation of less than 200mg / L, satisfies the design operating conditions, and the removal rate of oil-in-water-in-oil composite droplets reaches 98%.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention are within the technical scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A helical composite fiber bundle, characterized in that, The fiber bundle, used for composite droplet separation, is formed by X-shaped interlacing of bifilament heterohelical fiber bundles and homogeneous fiber bundles or monofilament homogeneous straight fibers; wherein: the bifilament heterohelical fiber bundle is formed by the helical twisting of one oleophilic-hydrophobic fiber and one hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber; the homogeneous fiber bundle is a bifilament homogeneous helical fiber bundle, formed by the helical twisting of two hydrophilic-oleophobic fibers or two hydrophilic-oleophobic fibers; the monofilament homogeneous straight fiber is one hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber or one hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber; wherein the diameter of the hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber is 0.5~10 μm, the diameter of the hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber is 1~15 μm, and the diameter ratio of the hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber to the hydrophilic-oleophobic fiber is 0.5~2.

2. An application of the helical combined fiber bundle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The application of the spiral combined fiber bundle in the separation of composite droplets.

3. The application of the helical combined fiber bundle as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The application refers to the use of the combined fiber bundles in the separation of water-in-oil-in-water type composite droplets, and the application method is as follows: When the oil phase particle size D of the composite droplet is 1~20 μm and the water phase particle size in the oil phase is 0.02D~0.5D μm, a combination fiber bundle is used to interweave and weave a dual-filament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundle with a single-filament homogeneous straight fiber in an X-shaped winding. At this time, the flow direction of the composite droplet is horizontal at 0 degrees and the velocity is less than or equal to 0.015 m / s. When the oil phase particle size D of the composite droplet is 20~100 μm and the water phase particle size in the oil phase is 0.02D~0.5D μm, a combination fiber bundle is used to interweave and twist the heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and the homogeneous helical fiber bundle in an X-shape. At this time, the flow direction of the composite droplet is horizontal at 0 degrees and the velocity is less than or equal to 0.05 m / s.

4. The application of the helical combined fiber bundle as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The angle α between the bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and the horizontal direction is 30-60 degrees in the counterclockwise direction, while the angle between the homogeneous fiber bundle and the horizontal direction is 90 degrees.

5. The application of the helical combined fiber bundle as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The spacing 'a' between adjacent heterogeneous twin-filament helical fiber bundles is 1 to 5 times the spacing 'b' between adjacent homogeneous fiber bundles.

6. The application of the helical combined fiber bundle as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The application refers to the use of the combined fiber bundles in the separation of oil-in-water-in-oil composite droplets, and the application method is as follows: When the oil phase particle size D of the composite droplet is 1~20 μm and the water phase particle size in the oil phase is 0.02D~0.5D μm, a combined fiber bundle is formed by X-shaped winding and interlacing of a dual-filament heterogeneous spiral fiber bundle and a monofilament homogeneous straight fiber. At this time, the flow direction of the composite droplet is horizontal at 0 degrees and the velocity is less than or equal to 0.02 m / s. When the oil phase particle size D of the composite droplet is 20~100 μm and the water phase particle size in the oil phase is 0.02D~0.5D μm, a combined fiber bundle is formed by X-shaped winding and interlacing of bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and bifilament homogeneous helical fiber bundle. At this time, the flow direction of the composite droplet is horizontal at 0 degrees and the velocity is less than or equal to 0.05 m / s.

7. The application of the helical combined fiber bundle as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The angle between the bifilament heterogeneous helical fiber bundle and the horizontal direction is 15 to 60 degrees in the clockwise direction, while the angle between the homogeneous fiber bundle and the horizontal direction is 90 degrees.

8. The application of the helical combined fiber bundle as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The spacing 'a' between adjacent heterogeneous twin-filament helical fiber bundles is 2 to 6 times the spacing 'b' between adjacent homogeneous fiber bundles.

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