A ridging and mulching device

Abstract

This invention relates to a ridging and mulching device, comprising a traction mechanism and a ridging and mulching mechanism connected to the traction mechanism. The ridging and mulching mechanism includes a housing, a rotary tillage mechanism, a mulch film roller, and ridging components for shaping the soil ridges. The housing is connected to the traction mechanism via a lifting mechanism. The device is characterized in that it includes a ridge height detection element located at a predetermined position on the ridging and mulching mechanism so that the element can be positioned above or to the sides of the soil ridge. The device also includes a soil accumulation detection element. The ridge height detection element, soil accumulation detection element, and lifting mechanism are all connected to a control system. This ridging and mulching device can automatically adjust the soil penetration depth, saving time and effort, and is highly efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a ridging and mulching device. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The significant yield-increasing effect of ridge-mulching planting of crops has been widely accepted by growers. For example, patent CN216930752U discloses a ridge-mulching and soil-covering mechanism, device and transplanter that can realize ridge-mulching and greatly improve the work efficiency of ridge-mulching. However, the existing ridge-mulching machine has very strict requirements on the terrain. Because the machine posture cannot be adjusted in real time, it is only suitable for flat farmland. It cannot work normally on slopes or uneven farmland. If the machine is positioned too low when going uphill, the ridging device will penetrate too deeply into the soil, making it impossible for the tractor to pull. Furthermore, if the soil is too high, it will block the sprayed soil from flying over, preventing the subsequent mulch film from being covered and thus failing to achieve the mulching function. If the machine is positioned too high when going downhill, the ridging device will not penetrate deeply enough into the soil, resulting in incomplete ridges and insufficient ridge height. If the machine cannot tilt with the slope when going uphill, the ridging device on one side will penetrate too shallowly into the soil, resulting in insufficient ridge height and incomplete ridges on that side. To achieve the required results, the length of the vertical tie rod on the tractor's lifting arm must be manually adjusted each time to control the machine's posture so that it is suitable for the slope. This is too time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in low efficiency, and it is unusable in hilly areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a ridging and mulching device that can automatically adjust the posture of the ridging and mulching mechanism according to the terrain, thereby achieving the required ridging and mulching effect, improving work efficiency, and solving the problem of machine use in uneven plots and hilly areas.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a ridging and mulching device, including a traction mechanism and a ridging and mulching mechanism connected to the traction mechanism. The ridging and mulching mechanism includes a housing, which is provided with a rotary tillage mechanism, a mulch film roller frame, and ridging components for forming soil ridges. The housing is connected to the traction mechanism via a lifting mechanism. The ridging and mulching mechanism is provided with a ridge height detection element, which is located at a set position of the ridging and mulching mechanism so that the ridge height detection element can be located above or on both sides of the soil ridge. The ridging and mulching mechanism is also provided with a soil accumulation detection element. The ridge height detection element, the soil accumulation detection element, and the lifting mechanism are all connected to a control system.

[0007] The control system controls the attitude adjustment mechanism to adjust the soil penetration depth of the ridging and mulching mechanism based on the detection signals from the ridge height detection element and / or soil retention detection element.

[0008] Optionally, the ridge height detection element is a proximity sensor located at a predetermined position below the mulch film roller;

[0009] Furthermore, the proximity sensor is fixedly connected to the housing via a sensor bracket or to the protective film plate on the front side of the mulch film roller;

[0010] Optionally, the ridge height sensor is a through-beam grating sensor, and the transmitting end and receiving end of the through-beam grating sensor are set at the set position of the ridge-forming and mulching mechanism so that the transmitting end and receiving end can be located on both sides of the ridge.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmitting and receiving ends of the through-beam grating sensor are fixed to the housing or to the protective film plate on the front side of the mulch roller.

[0012] Optionally, the ridge height detection element includes a first rotating shaft, which is set at a predetermined position below the mulch film roller. The first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the ridge-forming and mulching mechanism. The first rotating shaft is connected to one end of a first swinging member, which is used to contact the ridge. An angle sensor is installed at the end of the first rotating shaft.

[0013] or,

[0014] The first swinging component is equipped with a proximity sensor or a magnetic switch, and the ridging and covering mechanism is equipped with a sensing component that cooperates with the proximity switch or magnetic switch.

[0015] or,

[0016] The first swinging component is equipped with a sensing element, and the ridging and covering mechanism is equipped with a proximity sensor or magnetic switch that cooperates with the sensing element.

[0017] Optionally, the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the film roller bracket or outer shell of the ridging and mulching mechanism or the protective film plate in front of the film roller.

[0018] Optionally, the soil accumulation detection element is a proximity sensor located at a set height in front of the mulch film roller;

[0019] Furthermore, the proximity sensor is fixed to the protective film plate in front of the film roller.

[0020] Optionally, the soil embankment detection element includes a second rotating shaft located at a set height in front of the mulch film roller. The second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the ridging and mulching mechanism. The second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the top end of the second swing member. The second swing member is used to contact the soil. An angle sensor is installed at the end of the second rotating shaft.

[0021] or,

[0022] The second swinging component is equipped with a proximity sensor or a magnetic switch, and the ridging and mulching mechanism is equipped with a sensing component that matches the proximity sensor.

[0023] or,

[0024] The second swing member is equipped with a sensing component, and the ridging and covering mechanism is equipped with a proximity sensor or magnetic switch that cooperates with the sensing component.

[0025] Optionally, the soil-accumulation detection element is a vibration sensor fixed above or behind the mulch film roller, and the vibration sensor can be located on the soil spraying path of the rotary tiller.

[0026] Furthermore, the vibration sensor is fixed to the housing or to the protective film plate on the front side of the film roller.

[0027] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a ridging and mulching device, including a traction mechanism and a ridging and mulching mechanism connected to the traction mechanism. The ridging and mulching mechanism includes a housing, which is provided with a rotary tillage mechanism, a mulch film roller frame, and ridging components for forming soil ridges. The housing is connected to the traction mechanism via a lifting mechanism. The ridging and mulching mechanism is also provided with a ridge height detection element, which is located at a set position of the ridging and mulching mechanism so that the ridge height detection element can be set above or to the side of the soil ridge. The ridge height detection element and the lifting mechanism are both connected to a control system.

[0028] The control system controls the lifting mechanism to adjust the soil penetration depth of the ridging and mulching mechanism based on the detection signal from the ridge height detection element.

[0029] Optionally, the ridge height detection element is a proximity sensor located at a predetermined position below the mulch film roller;

[0030] Furthermore, the proximity sensor is fixedly connected to the housing via a sensor bracket or to the protective film plate on the front side of the mulch film roller;

[0031] Optionally, the ridge height sensor is a through-beam grating sensor, and the transmitting end and receiving end of the through-beam grating sensor are respectively set at the set positions of the ridge-forming and film-covering mechanism so that the transmitting end and receiving end can be located on both sides of the soil ridge.

[0032] Furthermore, the transmitting and receiving ends of the through-beam grating sensor are fixed to the housing or to the protective film plate on the front side of the mulch roller.

[0033] Optionally, the ridge height detection element includes a first rotating shaft, which is set at a predetermined position below the mulch film roller. The first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the ridge-forming and mulching mechanism. The first rotating shaft is connected to one end of a first swinging member, which is used to contact the ridge. An angle sensor is installed at the end of the first rotating shaft.

[0034] or,

[0035] The first swinging component is equipped with a proximity sensor or a magnetic switch, and the ridging and covering mechanism is equipped with a sensing component that cooperates with the proximity sensor or magnetic switch.

[0036] or,

[0037] The first swinging component is equipped with a sensing element, and the ridging and covering mechanism is equipped with a proximity sensor or magnetic switch that cooperates with the sensing element.

[0038] Optionally, the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the film roller bracket or outer shell of the ridging and mulching mechanism or the protective film plate in front of the film roller.

[0039] Optionally, the lifting mechanism includes an upper arm and a lower arm. One end of the upper arm is connected to a rotating drive component installed on the traction mechanism. One end of the lower arm is rotatably connected to the vehicle body of the traction mechanism. The other end of the lower arm is rotatably connected to the outer shell of the ridging and mulching mechanism. The other end of the upper arm is rotatably connected to one end of a telescopic component. The other end of the telescopic component is rotatably connected to the lower arm. The telescopic component is connected to the control system to realize telescopic movement. The outer shell is also rotatably connected to one end of a pull rod. The other end of the pull rod is rotatably connected to the vehicle body of the traction mechanism.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0041] 1. The ridging and mulching device of the present invention is equipped with a ridging height detection element and a lifting mechanism. The ridging height detection element can be set above or on both sides of the ridging to detect the height of the ridging in real time. Then, the lifting mechanism drives the entire ridging and mulching mechanism to rise and fall, thereby adjusting the soil penetration depth of the entire ridging and mulching mechanism so that the ridging height meets the requirements. This avoids the problems of the traction mechanism being unable to pull due to the ridging and mulching mechanism being too deep or the ridging body not being full and the ridging height not meeting the requirements due to insufficient soil penetration. Moreover, it can be automatically adjusted without the need for manual adjustment for each round trip, saving time and effort, and is highly efficient. It is suitable for use in hilly areas.

[0042] 2. The ridging and mulching device of the present invention is equipped with a soil accumulating detection element and a lifting mechanism. The soil accumulating detection element is used to detect in real time whether soil accumulating occurs on the travel route. When soil accumulating is detected, the soil accumulating depth of the ridging and mulching mechanism can be adjusted by the lifting mechanism until the soil accumulating disappears, avoiding the phenomenon that the traction mechanism cannot pull. It is automatic and saves time and effort. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ridging and film covering mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ridge height detection element and the soil accumulation detection element in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ridge height detection element setup in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the soil detection element setup in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the ridge height detection element and the soil accumulation detection element in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the traction mechanism and the ridging and mulching mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the ridge height detection elements in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration sensor distribution in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0052] Among them, 1. outer shell, 2. rotary tiller blade, 3. mulch film roller, 4. film roll, 5. mulch film roller bracket, 6. protective film plate, 7. ridging plate, 8. walking wheel, 9. ridge height detection element, 10. soil accumulation detection element, 11. traction mechanism, 12. ear plate assembly, 13. connecting frame, 14. tie rod, 15. lower arm, 16. upper arm, 17. hydraulic cylinder, 18. speed sensor, 19. proximity sensor, 20. proximity sensor;

[0053] 9-1. First rotating shaft; 9-2. Connecting plate; 9-3. First swing component; 9-4. Magnetic switch; 9-5. Sensing component;

[0054] 10-1. Protective plate, 10-2. Second rotating shaft, 10-3. Second swing component, 10-4. Second angle sensor, 10-5. Magnetic switch, 10-6. Sensing component. Detailed Implementation

[0055] Example 1

[0056] This embodiment provides a ridging and mulching device, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, it includes a traction mechanism 11, which is connected to the ridging and mulching mechanism via a lifting mechanism to drive the ridging and mulching mechanism to move. The ridging and mulching mechanism can move with the traction mechanism to form a soil ridge and cover the soil ridge with film.

[0057] The traction mechanism 11 can be a conventional tractor, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0058] In this embodiment, the existing lifting mechanism and ridging and mulching mechanism are improved by adding a ridge height detection element and a soil compaction detection element to the ridging and mulching mechanism, which are used to detect the ridge height and soil compaction, respectively. The two vertical tie rods of the lifting mechanism are replaced with telescopic components, preferably hydraulic cylinders. The solenoid valve group of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the control system, and the control system controls the hydraulic cylinder to work, so as to realize the soil penetration depth of the ridging and mulching mechanism, thereby making the ridge height meet the requirements.

[0059] The ridging and mulching mechanism includes a housing 1, with a cutter shaft on the front side of the housing 1. The cutter shaft is connected to the power system on the tractor through a transmission mechanism, and the power system can drive the cutter shaft to rotate.

[0060] In this embodiment, multiple soil ridges are formed and covered with film simultaneously. Preferably, two rows of soil ridges are formed and covered with film simultaneously. Therefore, two sets of ridging and film covering components are provided. The ridging and film covering components include rotary tillers, film rollers, and ridging parts. Two sets of rotary tillers 2 are provided on the blade shaft. Each set has multiple rotary tillers 2. The blade shaft can drive the rotary tillers 2 to rotate and perform rotary tillage to chop and loosen the soil to meet the requirements for cultivation.

[0061] A film roller 3 is provided behind the rotary tiller blade. The film roller 3 is used to install the film roll 4. Both ends of the film roller 3 are fixed to the film roller bracket 5. The film roller bracket 5 is fixed to the outer shell 1. In this embodiment, two film rollers 3 are provided and are staggered.

[0062] A protective film plate 6 is provided on the front side of the mulch film roller 3. The protective film plate 6 is an arc-shaped plate. Both ends of the protective film plate 6 are fixed to the mulch film roller bracket 5 to protect the film roll 4 on the mulch film roller 3.

[0063] Two sets of ridging components are installed at the lower rear end of the outer shell 1. The ridging components use two oppositely arranged ridging plates 7, which are inclined to shape the soil ridges during the movement.

[0064] A walking wheel 8 is provided on the rear side of the outer shell 1. The walking wheel 8 is rotatably connected to the wheel frame through the wheel axle. The wheel frame is fixed on the rear side of the outer shell 1. The walking wheel 8 provides support for the entire ridging and mulching mechanism, enabling it to move along the soil.

[0065] The above structures can all adopt the existing ridging and mulching mechanism; further details of the structure will not be described here.

[0066] The ridging and mulching device of this embodiment is an improvement on the existing ridging and mulching mechanism, adding a ridge height detection element 9 and a soil covering detection element 10. Since two ridges are formed, mulched, and covered with soil simultaneously, two ridge height detection elements 9 and two soil covering detection elements 10 are added. The two ridge height detection elements 9 and the two soil covering detection elements 10 are set in the same way. The following description takes one ridge height detection element 9 and one soil covering element 10 as an example:

[0067] The ridge height detection element 9 is located at a set position on the ridging and mulching mechanism so that the ridge height detection element 9 can be located above the soil ridge when the ridging and mulching mechanism is in use. The ridge height detection element 9 is set at a set position below the mulch film roller 3. The ridge height detection element 9 can be located above the soil ridge. In this embodiment, the ridge height detection element is set at a set position below the mulch film roller. The ridge height detection element is set at the bottom of the outer shell, the mulch film roller support, or the protective film plate 6. In this embodiment, the ridge height detection element 9 is set at the bottom of the front side of the protective film plate 6.

[0068] The ridge height detection element includes a first rotating shaft 9-1, the two ends of which are rotatably connected to a connecting plate 9-2, and the connecting plate 9-2 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the front side of the protective film plate 6.

[0069] The axial surface of the first rotating shaft 9-1 is connected to the top end of the first swing member 9-3, and the bottom end of the first swing member 9-3 is used to contact the soil.

[0070] Preferably, the first swing member 9-3 adopts a rectangular strip structure, and its top end is welded and fixed to the axial surface of the first rotating shaft.

[0071] A first angle sensor is installed at one end of the first rotating shaft 9-1 to detect the rotation angle of the first rotating shaft 9-1. The first angle sensor can be an existing angle measurement encoder, which will not be described in detail here.

[0072] The first angle sensor is connected to the control system and can transmit the detected rotation angle information to the control system.

[0073] The control system controls the lifting mechanism to drive the entire ridging and mulching mechanism to descend. The ridging component presses down, and the first swinging component 9-3 swings under the action of the soil ridge. When the soil ridge reaches the target height, the first swinging component swings at the set angle, and the control system controls the lifting to stop and lock. During operation, when the angle sensor detects that the angle of the first swinging component 9-3 has decreased, the control system controls the lifting mechanism to drive the ridging component to press down until the swing angle of the first swinging component reaches the set angle again.

[0074] In another embodiment, the two ends of the first rotating shaft 9-1 are rotatably connected to the outer casing 1 or to the film roller bracket 5.

[0075] In the third implementation method, such as Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the first swinging member is provided with a proximity sensor or magnetic switch 9-4 connected to the control system. Correspondingly, the ridging and covering mechanism is provided with a sensing component 9-5 that matches the proximity sensor or magnetic switch 9-4. The sensing component can use existing technology, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0076] The sensing component can be installed on the protective film plate, the outer shell, or the film roller support. Preferably, the sensing component is installed at the bottom end of the protective film plate 6.

[0077] The control system controls the lifting mechanism to lower the entire ridging and mulching mechanism. The ridging component presses down, and the first swinging component 9-3 swings under the action of the soil ridge, causing the proximity sensor or magnetic switch to interact with the sensing component and send a signal to the control system. When the soil ridge height reaches the target height, the control system locks the lifting mechanism. During operation, the proximity sensor or magnetic switch is always in the signal sending state. Once the signal is interrupted, it means that the soil ridge height is not high enough. The control system controls the lifting mechanism to press the ridging component down, so that the ridging component penetrates deeper into the soil layer until the control system receives the signal from the proximity sensor again.

[0078] Understandably, the sensing component can be mounted on the first swing member 9-3, and the proximity sensor or magnetic switch can be mounted on the bottom of the protective film plate.

[0079] A soil accumulation detection element 10 is installed at a set height in front of the mulch film roller 3. The installation height of the soil accumulation detection element 10 is higher than that of the ridge height detection element 9.

[0080] In this embodiment, the soil accumulation detection element 10 is installed in the middle of the front side of the protective film plate 6.

[0081] The soil detection element 10 includes two parallel protective plates 10-1. The two protective plates 10-1 are welded and fixed to the front side of the protective film plate 6. A second rotating shaft 10-2 is provided between the top of the two protective plates 10-1 on the side away from the protective film plate 6. The second rotating shaft 10-2 is rotatably connected to the protective plates 10-1.

[0082] The axial surface of the second rotating shaft 10-2 is fixedly connected to the top end of the second swing member 10-3, and the bottom end of the second swing member 10-3 is used to contact the soil.

[0083] Preferably, the second swing member 10-3 is a rectangular plate, and the top of the rectangular plate is welded and fixed to the axial surface of the second rotating shaft 10-2.

[0084] A second angle sensor 10-4 is provided at one end of the second rotating shaft 10-2 to detect the rotation angle of the second rotating shaft 10-2. The second angle sensor 10-4 can be an existing angle measurement encoder, which will not be described in detail here.

[0085] The second angle sensor 10-4 is connected to the control system and can transmit the detected rotation angle information to the control system.

[0086] In another implementation, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, a proximity sensor or magnetic switch connected to the control system is installed on the second swing member 10-3, and correspondingly, a sensing component 10-6 that cooperates with the proximity sensor or magnetic switch 10-5 is installed on the ridging and covering mechanism.

[0087] The sensing component 10-6 can be based on existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The sensing component is installed on the protective film plate, outer shell, film roller bracket, or protective plate. Preferably, it is installed on the inner side of the protective plate. When soil accumulation occurs, the second swing component 10-3 swings until it approaches the sensor or magnetic switch and engages with the sensing component, thereby sending a signal to the control system. The control system controls the lifting mechanism to raise the ridging component of the machine body on that side until the soil accumulation disappears and the second swing component 10-3 falls back down. The signal transmission from the proximity sensor on the second swing component 10-3 stops, and the lifting mechanism stops and locks in that position.

[0088] Understandably, the sensing component can also be mounted on the second swinging component 10-3, and the proximity sensor or magnetic switch can be mounted on the ridging and mulching mechanism.

[0089] The ridging and mulching mechanism in this embodiment only adds a ridge height detection element 9 and a soil accumulation detection element 10. The rest of the structure can be achieved using existing technology, and will not be described in further detail here.

[0090] The traction mechanism 11 is connected to the front of the outer shell 1 through the lifting mechanism to drive the ridging and mulching mechanism to move forward. At the same time, the lifting mechanism can drive the ridging and mulching mechanism to lift and lower to adjust the soil penetration depth.

[0091] like Figure 3 As shown, the lifting mechanism includes a triangular connecting frame 13 fixed to the front side of the housing, and the two bottom corners of the connecting frame 13 are respectively fixedly connected to two ear plate assemblies 12 fixed to the front side of the housing.

[0092] The top corner of the connecting bracket 13 is rotatably connected to one end of the pull rod 14, and the diameter of the hole through which the shaft of the pull rod 14 passes is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft. The other end of the pull rod 14 is rotatably connected to the tractor body.

[0093] Each of the two ear plate assemblies includes two ear plates, with a hinge shaft between them. The hinge shaft is rotatably connected to one end of the lower arm 15, and the diameter of the hole on the lower arm 15 through which the hinge shaft passes is larger than the diameter of the hinge shaft. The other end of the lower arm 15 is rotatably connected to the tractor body. The lifting mechanism also includes an upper arm 16, one end of which is connected to a rotating drive component on the tractor body to drive the upper arm 16 to swing. The rotating drive component can be a rotary cylinder. In existing lifting mechanisms, a vertical tie rod is provided between the other end of the upper arm 16 and the lower arm 15. In use, the rotating drive component drives the upper arm 16 to rotate, and the lengths of the tie rod and the vertical tie rod are pre-selected and adjusted to complete the height adjustment of the entire ridging and mulching mechanism, so that the ridging and mulching mechanism maintains a certain height and is in a horizontal state during the movement.

[0094] The tie rod 14, lower arm 15, connecting frame 13 and tractor body form a parallelogram linkage mechanism. The lower arm 15, vertical tie rod, upper arm 16 and tractor body form a parallelogram linkage mechanism.

[0095] The structure of the aforementioned lifting mechanism is existing technology, and its further structural details will not be described in detail here.

[0096] In this embodiment, since the height of the ridging and mulching mechanism needs to be adjusted in real time during the movement, the two vertical tie rods are replaced with telescopic components. The telescopic components are hydraulic cylinders 17. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 17 is provided with two hinge plates, and a hinge shaft is provided between the two hinge plates. The hinge shaft is rotatably connected to the lower arm 15. The diameter of the hole in the lower arm through which the hinge shaft passes is larger than the diameter of the hinge shaft. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17 is provided with two hinge plates, and a hinge shaft is provided between the two hinge plates. The hinge shaft is rotatably connected to the other end of the upper arm 16. The diameter of the hole in the upper arm 16 through which the hinge shaft passes is larger than the diameter of the hinge shaft.

[0097] During the movement, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17 can extend and retract, thereby cooperating with the pull rod 14 to raise and lower the entire ridging and mulching mechanism to adjust the soil penetration depth of the ridging and mulching mechanism.

[0098] In this embodiment, two hydraulic cylinders 17 are provided, each corresponding to the forming and mulching of a soil ridge. Since both hydraulic cylinders 17 can extend and retract independently, the extension and retraction of the cylinders on the same side are controlled by signals from the corresponding ridge height detection element 9 and soil compaction detection element 10, without affecting each other. On the side of the slope where the ridge height has not been reached, the ridge height detection element 9 sends a signal to the control system, which then controls the hydraulic cylinder on that side to extend, thereby lowering the outer casing on that side. At this time, the ridge-forming and mulching machine is in an inclined state. As the outer casing on that side is gradually lowered, the ridger gradually penetrates deeper into the soil until the ridge height is reached. At this point, the ridge height sensor on that side sends a signal to the control system, stopping the hydraulic cylinder extension and locking the ridge.

[0099] In this embodiment, only the two vertical tie rods in the lifting mechanism are replaced with hydraulic cylinders 17. The connection method between the hydraulic cylinders and the upper arm 16 and lower arm 15 of 17 is the same as the connection method between the vertical tie rods and the upper arm 16 and lower arm 15. The rest of the structure can use existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0100] Furthermore, a speed sensor 18 is installed on the axle of the walking wheel. The speed sensor can be an existing device and is used to detect the traveling speed of the ridging and mulching mechanism.

[0101] The working method of the ridging and mulching device in this embodiment is as follows:

[0102] The tractor drives the ridging and mulching mechanism to move along the soil. The first swinging component 9-3 swings at a certain angle under the action of the soil. This angle information can be obtained by the first angle sensor. The angle information is compared with the angle information corresponding to the target ridge height. If it is less than the target ridge height, it means that the current ridge height is too low. At this time, the control system controls the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17 to extend, driving the ridging and mulching mechanism to press down, increasing the soil penetration depth of the ridging and mulching mechanism until the angle information obtained by the first angle sensor corresponds to the angle information corresponding to the target ridge height. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder is locked.

[0103] By adjusting the soil depth, the problem of insufficient soil penetration causing incomplete ridges and insufficient ridge height was solved.

[0104] If the ridge height corresponding to the currently acquired angle information is higher than the target ridge height, the control system controls the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17 to retract, driving the ridging and mulching mechanism to rise, reducing the soil penetration depth of the ridging and mulching mechanism until the target ridge height is reached, at which point the hydraulic cylinder is locked.

[0105] By adjusting the mechanism, the problem of the traction mechanism being unable to pull the soil due to the ridging and mulching mechanism being inserted too deeply can be avoided.

[0106] If the vehicle encounters an uphill slope or uneven farmland during the journey, soil will accumulate in front of the protective film plate 6. The soil will cause the second swinging component 10-3 to swing. The second angle sensor 10-4 will obtain the rotation angle value of the second swinging component 10-3 and compare it with the threshold. If the value is greater than the threshold, it indicates that soil accumulation has occurred. At this time, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17 will retract, causing the ridging and mulching mechanism to rise. The soil penetration depth of the ridging and mulching mechanism will become shallower until the soil accumulation disappears, and then the hydraulic cylinder will lock.

[0107] When fertilizer needs to be added or mulch film needs to be replaced during operation, the tractor needs to be stopped and the wheels need to stop rotating. After the control system receives the stop signal from the speed sensor, it controls the entire system to be in a stopped state and the hydraulic cylinder remains in a locked state, so that the hydraulic cylinder does not need to be readjusted again when restarting the operation.

[0108] When the tractor turns around or stops, the upper arm swings upward by rotating the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder retracts to return to its original position, raising the entire ridging and mulching mechanism, and then the control system puts the entire system into a dormant state.

[0109] The ridging and mulching device in this embodiment automatically adjusts the soil penetration depth without manual adjustment, saving time and effort, and is highly efficient, making it suitable for use in hilly areas.

[0110] Example 2

[0111] This embodiment provides a ridging and mulching device, such as... Figure 7 As shown, compared with Embodiment 1, the only difference is that the ridge height detection element adopts a proximity sensor 19. The proximity sensor 19 is set at a set position in the ridge-forming and mulching mechanism so that when in use, the proximity sensor 19 can be located above the soil ridge. The proximity sensor 19 can be a magnetic proximity sensor or a photoelectric proximity sensor, etc., and those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.

[0112] The proximity sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor bracket, which is fixed to the machine housing or to the bottom of the front side of the protective film plate 6. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.

[0113] The remaining structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0114] Example 3

[0115] This embodiment provides a ridging and mulching device. Compared with Embodiment 1, the ridging height detection element adopts a through-beam grating sensor. The transmitting end and receiving end of the through-beam grating sensor are respectively located at the set position of the ridging and mulching mechanism so that the transmitting end and receiving end can be located on both sides of the soil ridge when in use. For example, the transmitting end and receiving end are set at the lower position of the two ends of the film roller. When in use, the transmitting end and receiving end are located on both sides of the soil ridge. When the soil ridge height is too high, it can block the rays emitted by the transmitting end, thereby realizing the detection of the soil ridge height.

[0116] In this embodiment, the transmitter and receiver are fixed on the outer shell or on the protective film plate. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.

[0117] The remaining structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0118] Example 4

[0119] This embodiment provides a ridging and mulching device, such as... Figure 7 As shown, compared with Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3, the difference is that the soil detection element adopts a proximity sensor 20, which can be a magnetic proximity sensor or a photoelectric proximity sensor. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.

[0120] The proximity sensor 20 is fixedly connected to the sensor bracket, which is fixed to the outer shell or the front side of the protective film plate. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.

[0121] Example 5

[0122] This embodiment provides a ridging and mulching device. Compared with embodiment 4, the difference is that the soil clogging detection element adopts a vibration sensor 21. The vibration sensor 21 is fixed above or behind the mulch film roller by a sensor bracket, and is fixed to the outer shell or the protective film plate.

[0123] During operation, as the cutter shaft rotates, the tilled soil is continuously thrown up by the rotary tiller blades, passing over the film roller and landing on the film on the ridge behind. The vibration sensor set on the soil path is constantly impacted and vibrated by the soil. Once the soil pile is too high and the soil is blocked and stops impacting, the vibration sensor stops sending signals. When the control unit does not receive the sensor signal, it raises the height of the machine body on that side by retracting the hydraulic cylinder, thereby eliminating the soil pile obstacle and enabling normal operation.

[0124] The remaining structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0125] Example 6

[0126] This embodiment provides a ridging and mulching device, which is equipped with only a ridge height detection element and no soil accumulation detection element. The ridge height detection element is set at a predetermined position below the mulch film roller. In this embodiment, the ridge height detection element is set at the bottom of the front side of the protective film plate.

[0127] The ridge height detection element includes a first rotating shaft, the two ends of which are rotatably connected to a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is welded and fixed to the bottom of the front side of the protective film plate.

[0128] The axial surface of the first rotating shaft is connected to the top end of the first swinging member, and the bottom end of the first swinging member is used to contact the soil.

[0129] Preferably, the first swinging component adopts a rectangular strip structure, and its top end is welded and fixed to the axial surface of the first rotating shaft.

[0130] Since the first rotating shaft is located at the bottom of the protective film plate, a first angle sensor is installed at one end of the first rotating shaft to detect the rotation angle of the first rotating shaft. The first angle sensor can be an existing angle measurement encoder, which will not be described in detail here.

[0131] The first angle sensor is connected to the control system and can transmit the detected rotation angle information to the control system.

[0132] In another embodiment, the two ends of the first rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the outer casing or to the film roller bracket.

[0133] In the third embodiment, the first swing member is provided with a proximity sensor or magnetic switch connected to the control system. Correspondingly, the ridging and mulching mechanism is provided with a sensing component that matches the proximity sensor or magnetic switch. The sensing component can adopt existing technology, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0134] The sensing component can be installed on the protective film plate, the outer shell, or the film roller support. Preferably, the sensing component is installed at the bottom end of the protective film plate.

[0135] The remaining structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0136] Example 7

[0137] This embodiment provides a ridging and mulching device. Compared with embodiment 6, the ridging height detection element adopts a proximity sensor. The proximity sensor is set in a position on the ridging and mulching mechanism so that it can be placed above the soil ridge during use. The proximity sensor adopts a magnetic proximity sensor or a photoelectric proximity sensor, etc., and those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.

[0138] The proximity sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor bracket, which is fixed to the outer shell or to the bottom of the front side of the protective film plate. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.

[0139] The remaining structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 6, and will not be described again here.

[0140] Example 8

[0141] This embodiment provides a ridging and mulching device. Compared with embodiment 6, the ridging height detection element adopts a through-beam grating sensor. The transmitting end and receiving end of the through-beam grating sensor are respectively located at the set position of the ridging and mulching mechanism so that the transmitting end and receiving end can be located on both sides of the soil ridge when in use. For example, the transmitting end and receiving end are set at the lower position of the two ends of the film roller. When in use, the transmitting end and receiving end are located on both sides of the soil ridge. When the soil ridge height is too high, it can block the rays emitted by the transmitting end, thereby realizing the detection of the soil ridge height.

[0142] In this embodiment, the transmitter and receiver are fixed on the outer shell or on the protective film plate. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.

[0143] The remaining structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 7, and will not be described again here.

[0144] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A ridging and mulching device, comprising a traction mechanism and a ridging and mulching mechanism connected to the traction mechanism, the ridging and mulching mechanism comprising a housing, the housing being provided with a rotary tillage mechanism, a mulch film roller frame, and ridging components for forming soil ridges, the housing being connected to the traction mechanism via a lifting mechanism, characterized in that, The ridging and mulching mechanism is equipped with a ridge height detection element, which is located at a set position in the ridging and mulching mechanism so that the ridge height detection element can be located above or on both sides of the soil ridge. The ridging and mulching mechanism is also equipped with a soil accumulation detection element. The ridge height detection element, the soil accumulation detection element and the lifting mechanism are all connected to the control system. The control system controls the attitude adjustment mechanism to adjust the soil penetration depth of the ridging and mulching mechanism based on the detection signals from the ridge height detection element and the soil retention detection element. The ridge height detection element adopts a through-beam grating sensor. The transmitting end and receiving end of the through-beam grating sensor are set at the set position of the ridge-forming and film-covering mechanism so that the transmitting end and receiving end can be located on both sides of the soil ridge. Furthermore, the transmitting end and receiving end of the through-beam grating sensor are fixed to the outer shell or to the protective film plate on the front side of the film roller. When in use, if the height of the soil mound is too high, it can block the rays emitted by the transmitting end, thereby enabling the detection of the height of the soil mound. The soil accumulation detection element is a vibration sensor, which is fixed above or behind the mulch film roller by a sensor bracket, and is fixed to the outer shell or the protective film plate; the vibration sensor is located on the soil spraying path of the rotary tiller. If the soil piles up too high during operation and the flying soil is blocked and stops impacting, the vibration sensor will stop sending signals. If the control unit does not receive the vibration sensor signal, it will raise the height of the machine body on that side by retracting the hydraulic cylinder, thereby eliminating the soil pile obstacle and enabling normal operation.

2. The ridging and mulching device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ridge height detection element is a proximity sensor located at a predetermined position below the film roller; Furthermore, the proximity sensor is fixedly connected to the housing via a sensor bracket or to the protective film plate on the front side of the mulch film roller.

3. The ridging and mulching device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ridge height detection element includes a first rotating shaft, which is set at a predetermined position below the mulch film roller. The first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the ridge-forming and mulching mechanism. The first rotating shaft is connected to one end of a first swinging member, which is used to contact the ridge. An angle sensor is installed at the end of the first rotating shaft. or, The first swinging component is equipped with a proximity sensor or a magnetic switch, and the ridging and covering mechanism is equipped with a sensing component that cooperates with the proximity sensor or magnetic switch. or, The first swinging component is equipped with a sensing element, and the ridging and covering mechanism is equipped with a proximity sensor or magnetic switch that cooperates with the sensing element.

4. The ridging and mulching device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the film roller bracket or outer shell of the ridging and mulching mechanism or the protective film plate in front of the film roller.

5. The ridging and mulching device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The soil accumulation detection element is a proximity sensor located at a set height in front of the mulch film roller; Furthermore, the proximity sensor is fixed to the protective film plate in front of the film roller.

6. The ridging and mulching device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The soil embankment detection element includes a second rotating shaft located at a set height in front of the mulch film roller. The second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the ridging and mulching mechanism. The second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the top end of the second swinging member. The second swinging member is used to contact the soil. An angle sensor is installed at the end of the second rotating shaft. or, The second swinging component is equipped with a proximity sensor or a magnetic switch, and the ridging and mulching mechanism is equipped with a sensing component that matches the proximity sensor. or, The second swing member is equipped with a sensing component, and the ridging and covering mechanism is equipped with a proximity sensor or magnetic switch that cooperates with the sensing component.

7. A ridging and mulching device as described in claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes an upper arm and a lower arm. One end of the upper arm is connected to a rotating drive component installed on the traction mechanism. One end of the lower arm is rotatably connected to the vehicle body of the traction mechanism. The other end of the lower arm is rotatably connected to the outer shell of the ridging and mulching mechanism. The other end of the upper arm is rotatably connected to one end of a telescopic component. The other end of the telescopic component is rotatably connected to the lower arm. The telescopic component is connected to the control system to realize telescopic movement. The outer shell is also rotatably connected to one end of a pull rod. The other end of the pull rod is rotatably connected to the vehicle body of the traction mechanism.

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