Special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing functional substances and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing functional substances and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of crops, and comprising 450-550 ammonium polyphosphate, 194-210 urea, 45-55 polyglutamic acid, 20-34 monoammonium phosphate, 5-15 EDTA-Mg, 1-10 EDTA-Zn, 5-6 fruit leaf spirit, 40-54 dispersing aid, and 0.4-1.2 functional substances in parts by weight. The preparation method is as follows: S1 prepares mother liquor 1; S2 prepares mother liquor 2; S3 combines mother liquor 1 and mother liquor 2, stirs evenly, places on a magnetic stirrer, rotates at a speed of 800-1000rpm, and lasts for 15-20min to prepare mother liquor 3; S4 adds a dispersing aid to mother liquor 3, stirs the obtained solution evenly, and then stands, and adds water to make the volume, so as to obtain a special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane. The present invention adopts the above-mentioned sugarcane-specific foliar fertilizer containing functional substances to improve the sugarcane tillering rate; promote sugarcane photosynthesis and increase chlorophyll content; enhance the activities of sugarcane neutral invertase and sucrose phosphate synthase, which can significantly promote the growth and development of sugarcane in the tillering period and promote sugar accumulation and yield increase in the later growth period of sugarcane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crops, in particular to a special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing functional substances and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sugarcane is the largest sugar crop in my country, with its planting area accounting for more than 85% of the annual sugar crop planting area in my country, and its sugar production accounting for more than 90% of the total sugar production. Sugarcane plays a vital role in agricultural production and economic benefits. Sugarcane is a tall crop with a relatively long growth period, which is mainly divided into four periods: seedling stage, tillering stage, elongation stage, and maturity stage; at the same time, the growth volume is huge, and a large amount of nutrients and water are required during the growth period. In the tillering stage, the plant's demand for nutrients gradually increases, and the plant's fertilizer absorption accounts for 10-20% of the entire growth period, and the demand for nitrogen and phosphorus is relatively high. Sugarcane has the highest demand for nutrients during the tillering and elongation stages, which is also a critical period that affects the growth traits and final yield of sugarcane. The nutrients necessary for sugarcane growth stage include not only nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other macroelements, but also a variety of medium and trace elements. my country's sugarcane planting areas are mainly distributed in the south, mainly concentrated in Guangxi, Yunnan, Guangdong and Hainan provinces (regions). Sugarcane growing areas are mostly distributed in plateaus and karst landforms, which are characterized by fast water infiltration and weak surface water storage capacity, resulting in serious loss of fertilizer nutrients and unable to meet the needs of normal sugarcane growth.

[0003] Plants mainly absorb external nutrients through their roots and leaves. At present, sugarcane fertilization is mainly divided into two methods: root fertilization and foliar fertilization. Among them, root fertilization is the most common way of fertilizing sugarcane. It can improve fertilizer efficiency and reduce labor to a certain extent and scope. However, when the root system is small, the root system is injured, the soil is poor in nutrients, the soil is too acidic or alkaline, etc., root fertilization cannot meet the nutrient supply; and root fertilization is prone to over-fertilization and partial application of certain fertilizers, which leads to ecological environmental damage, decreased soil fertility, and increased non-point source pollution. Sugarcane leaves are slender and the plants are tall. Foliar fertilization is the only effective way for crops to absorb nutrients or increase the nutrient concentration in plant tissues. It has the advantages of small dosage, small environmental pollution, and low economic investment; strong targeting and purpose; high efficiency and fast absorption speed. However, there are problems such as low formulation technology, single nutrient composition, antagonism between elements, and easy precipitation, bubbles and suspended matter. Many foliar fertilizers contain plant growth regulators or hormones, which are not only harmful to plant growth itself, but also cause harm to human health after entering the human body. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing functional substances and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, reduce the use of pesticides, promote the growth and development of sugarcane, improve the quality and yield of sugarcane, and comprehensively enhance the ecological environmental benefits and economic benefits.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing functional substances, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450-550 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 194-210 parts of urea, 45-55 parts of polyglutamic acid, 20-34 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5-15 parts of EDTA-Mg, 1-10 parts of EDTA-Zn, 5-6 parts of fruit leaf spirit, 40-54 parts of dispersing aid, and 0.4-1.2 parts of functional substances.

[0006] Preferably, the dispersing aid is one or more of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, and alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether.

[0007] Preferably, the functional substance is one or more of inositol, alginic acid and fulvic acid.

[0008] Preferably, the functional substance is fulvic acid.

[0009] The present invention provides a method for preparing a special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing functional substances, comprising the following preparation steps:

[0010] S1 prepares mother solution 1;

[0011] S2 prepares mother solution 2;

[0012] S3: combining mother liquor 1 and mother liquor 2, mixing and stirring evenly, placing on a magnetic stirrer, rotating at a speed of 800-1000 rpm for 15-20 min, to prepare mother liquor 3;

[0013] Add a dispersing aid to the S4 mother solution 3, stir the resulting solution evenly, let it stand, add water to make up the volume, and obtain a foliar fertilizer specifically for sugarcane.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation step of the mother solution 1 in step S1 is: ammonium polyphosphate and polyglutamic acid are mixed and dissolved to obtain the mother solution 1.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation step of the mother solution 2 in step S2 is: dissolving urea, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn, chloranil and functional substances in water to obtain the mother solution 2.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned sugarcane-specific foliar fertilizer containing functional substances and the preparation method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The foliar fertilizer of the present invention has comprehensive and balanced nutrition, and contains not only a sufficient amount of highly active fulvic acid, but also an appropriate amount of nitrogen and phosphorus main fertilizer components and zinc and magnesium micro-fertilizer components, which can fully meet the various nutrients required for crop growth. The foliar fertilizer of the present invention can increase the tillering rate of sugarcane by 8%-29%; increase the content of chlorophyll by 7%-50%; promote the activities of 0.7%-32% neutral invertase and 19%-60% sucrose phosphate synthase, increase the sugar yield of sugarcane by 14.9%-17.6%, and increase the yield of sugarcane by 4.9%-7.4%. It has high fertilizer efficiency and high fertilizer utilization rate, reduces the use of chemical pesticides, promotes rapid growth of crops, enhances crop stress resistance, improves crop quality, and has obvious effects of increasing production and income, thus having huge economic benefits.

[0018] (2) Foliar fertilization is a timely, effective and economical method to provide plants with supplementary nutrients. Foliar fertilization is less than root fertilization, which can reduce the damage caused by residues to the soil, and the absorption rate is faster. On the other hand, inositol, alginic acid and fulvic acid can promote plant cell division, delay aging and promote root and stem growth; magnesium and zinc can continuously strengthen the immune ability during the growth process, and through the supplement of trace elements, the resistance of plants is continuously enhanced. After foliar fertilization, the growth and development of sugarcane in the tillering stage is significantly promoted. At the same time, it helps to promote the accumulation of sugar in the later stage of sugarcane growth, and scientifically and effectively achieve the goal of increasing sugarcane production and sugar.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0021] Figure 1 The effect of foliar fertilizer for sugarcane on the chlorophyll content of sugarcane;

[0022] Figure 2 The effect of sugarcane-specific foliar fertilizer on the activity of neutral invertase in sugarcane;

[0023] Figure 3 Effect of sugarcane-specific foliar fertilizer on the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase in sugarcane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] The invention provides a special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing functional substances. The foliar fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450-550 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 194-210 parts of urea, 45-55 parts of polyglutamic acid, 20-34 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5-15 parts of EDTA-Mg, 1-10 parts of EDTA-Zn, 5-6 parts of fruit leaf spirit, 40-54 parts of a dispersing aid, and 0.4-1.2 parts of a functional substance. The dispersing aid is one or more of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, and alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether. The functional substance is one or more of inositol, alginic acid, and fulvic acid.

[0026] The present invention provides a method for preparing a special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing functional substances, comprising the following preparation steps:

[0027] S1: Mix and dissolve ammonium polyphosphate and polyglutamic acid according to the above formula to obtain mother solution 1;

[0028] S2: dissolving urea, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn, phytol and functional substances in water according to the above formula to obtain mother solution 2;

[0029] S3: combining mother liquor 1 and mother liquor 2, mixing and stirring evenly, placing on a magnetic stirrer, rotating at 800 rpm for 15 min, to prepare mother liquor 3;

[0030] Add a dispersing aid to the S4 mother solution 3, stir the resulting solution evenly, let it stand, add water to make up the volume, and obtain a foliar fertilizer specifically for sugarcane.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Preparation method of special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing inositol

[0034] The special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing inositol is made of the following raw materials by weight (g): 500 ammonium polyphosphate, 202 urea, 50 polyglutamic acid, 27 monoammonium phosphate, 10 EDTA-Mg, 5 EDTA-Zn, 5.5 fruit leaf spirit, 47 calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 0.4 inositol.

[0035] The preparation method of special foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0036] (1) weighing the weights of ammonium polyphosphate and polyglutamic acid, and mixing and dissolving them to prepare a mother solution 1;

[0037] (2) weighing the weights of urea, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn, chloranil and inositol, and dissolving them in water to prepare mother solution 2;

[0038] (3) Mother solution 1 and mother solution 2 were combined, the components were mixed and stirred evenly, and the mixture was placed on a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 800 rpm for 15 min to prepare mother solution 3;

[0039] (4) Finally, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is added to the mother solution 3, the resulting solution is stirred evenly, allowed to stand, and water is added to make the volume to 1000 L to obtain a special foliar fertilizer.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Preparation method of special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing alginic acid

[0042] The special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing alginate is made of the following raw materials by weight (g): 500 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 202 parts of urea, 50 parts of polyglutamic acid, 27 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10 parts of EDTA-Mg, 5 parts of EDTA-Zn, 5.5 parts of fruit leaf spirit, 47 parts of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 1 part of alginate.

[0043] The preparation method of special foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) weighing the weights of ammonium polyphosphate and polyglutamic acid, and mixing and dissolving them to prepare a mother solution 1;

[0045] (2) weighing the weights of urea, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn, maltose and alginic acid, and dissolving them in a small amount of water to prepare mother solution 2;

[0046] (3) Mother solution 1 and mother solution 2 were combined, the components were mixed and stirred evenly, and the mixture was placed on a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 800 rpm for 15 min to prepare mother solution 3;

[0047] (4) Finally, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was added to the mother solution 3, the resulting solution was stirred evenly, allowed to stand, and water was added to make the volume to 1000 L to obtain a foliar fertilizer for sugarcane.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Preparation method of special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing fulvic acid

[0050] The special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing fulvic acid is made of the following raw materials by weight (g): 500 ammonium polyphosphate, 202 urea, 50 polyglutamic acid, 27 monoammonium phosphate, 10 EDTA-Mg, 5 EDTA-Zn, 5.5 fruit leaf spirit, 47 calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 0.6 fulvic acid.

[0051] The preparation method of special foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0052] (1) weighing the weights of ammonium polyphosphate and polyglutamic acid, and mixing and dissolving them to prepare a mother solution 1;

[0053] (2) weighing the weight of urea, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn, fulvic acid and fulvic acid, and dissolving them in a small amount of water to prepare mother solution 2;

[0054] (3) combining mother solution 1 and mother solution 2, mixing the components, stirring evenly, placing on a magnetic stirrer, rotating at a speed of 1000 rpm for 20 min, to prepare mother solution 3;

[0055] (4) Finally, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was added to the mother solution 3, the resulting solution was stirred evenly, allowed to stand, and water was added to make the volume to 1000 L to obtain a foliar fertilizer for sugarcane.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] Preparation method of special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing inositol

[0058] The special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing inositol is made of the following raw materials by weight: 450g ammonium polyphosphate, 194g urea, 55g polyglutamic acid, 34g monoammonium phosphate, 5g EDTA-Mg, 1g EDTA-Zn, 6g fruit leaf spirit, 54g calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and 1.2g inositol.

[0059] The preparation method of special foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0060] (1) weighing the weights of ammonium polyphosphate and polyglutamic acid, and mixing and dissolving them to prepare a mother solution 1;

[0061] (2) weighing the weight of urea, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn, chloranil and inositol, and dissolving them in a small amount of water to prepare mother solution 2;

[0062] (3) Mother solution 1 and mother solution 2 were combined, the components were mixed and stirred evenly, and the mixture was placed on a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 800 rpm for 15 min to prepare mother solution 3;

[0063] (4) Finally, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was added to the mother solution 3, the resulting solution was stirred evenly, allowed to stand, and water was added to make the volume to 1000 L to obtain a foliar fertilizer for sugarcane.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] Preparation method of special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing inositol

[0066] The special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing inositol is made of the following raw materials by weight: 550g ammonium polyphosphate, 209g urea, 44g polyglutamic acid, 19g monoammonium phosphate, 15g EDTA-Mg, 10g EDTA-Zn, 5g fruit leaf spirit, 41g calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 0.8g inositol.

[0067] The preparation method of special foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0068] (1) weighing the weights of ammonium polyphosphate and polyglutamic acid, and mixing and dissolving them to prepare a mother solution 1;

[0069] (2) weighing the weight of urea, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn, chloranil and inositol, and dissolving them in a small amount of water to prepare mother solution 2;

[0070] (3) Mother solution 1 and mother solution 2 were combined, the components were mixed and stirred evenly, and the mixture was placed on a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 800 rpm for 15 min to prepare mother solution 3;

[0071] (4) Finally, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was added to the mother solution 3, the resulting solution was stirred evenly, allowed to stand, and water was added to make the volume to 1000 L to obtain a foliar fertilizer for sugarcane.

[0072] Example 6

[0073] Preparation method of special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing alginic acid

[0074] The special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing alginate is made of the following raw materials by weight: 450g ammonium polyphosphate, 194g urea, 55g polyglutamic acid, 34g monoammonium phosphate, 7g EDTA-Mg, 3g EDTA-Zn, 6g fruit leaf spirit, 52g calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and 0.5g alginate.

[0075] The preparation method of the special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane comprises the following steps:

[0076] (1) weighing the weights of ammonium polyphosphate and polyglutamic acid, and mixing and dissolving them to prepare a mother solution 1;

[0077] (2) weighing the weights of urea, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn, maltose and alginic acid, and dissolving them in a small amount of water to prepare mother solution 2;

[0078] (3) Mother solution 1 and mother solution 2 were combined, the components were mixed and stirred evenly, and the mixture was placed on a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 800 rpm for 15 min to prepare mother solution 3;

[0079] (4) Finally, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was added to the mother solution 3, the resulting solution was stirred evenly, allowed to stand, and water was added to make the volume to 1000 L to obtain a foliar fertilizer for sugarcane.

[0080] Example 7

[0081] Preparation method of special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing alginic acid

[0082] The special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing alginate is made of the following raw materials by weight: 550g ammonium polyphosphate, 210g urea, 45g polyglutamic acid, 20g monoammonium phosphate, 13g EDTA-Mg, 8g EDTA-Zn, 5g fruit leaf spirit, 45g calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 1.2g alginate.

[0083] The preparation method of special foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0084] (1) weighing the weights of ammonium polyphosphate and polyglutamic acid, and mixing and dissolving them to prepare a mother solution 1;

[0085] (2) weighing the weights of urea, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn, maltose and alginic acid, and dissolving them in a small amount of water to prepare mother solution 2;

[0086] (3) Mother solution 1 and mother solution 2 were combined, the components were mixed and stirred evenly, and the mixture was placed on a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 800 rpm for 15 min to prepare mother solution 3;

[0087] (4) Finally, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was added to the mother solution 3, the resulting solution was stirred evenly, allowed to stand, and water was added to make the volume to 1000 L to obtain a foliar fertilizer for sugarcane.

[0088] Example 8

[0089] Preparation method of special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing fulvic acid

[0090] The special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing alginate is made of the following raw materials by weight: 450g ammonium polyphosphate, 194g urea, 55g polyglutamic acid, 34g monoammonium phosphate, 7g EDTA-Mg, 2g EDTA-Zn, 5g fruit leaf spirit, 44g calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 0.4g humic acid.

[0091] The preparation method of special foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0092] (1) weighing the weights of ammonium polyphosphate and polyglutamic acid, and mixing and dissolving them to prepare a mother solution 1;

[0093] (2) weighing the weights of urea, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn, maltose and alginic acid, and dissolving them in a small amount of water to prepare mother solution 2;

[0094] (3) Mother solution 1 and mother solution 2 were combined, the components were mixed and stirred evenly, and the mixture was placed on a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 800 rpm for 15 min to prepare mother solution 3;

[0095] (4) Finally, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was added to the mother solution 3, the resulting solution was stirred evenly, allowed to stand, and water was added to make the volume to 1000 L to obtain a foliar fertilizer for sugarcane.

[0096] Example 9

[0097] Preparation method of special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing fulvic acid

[0098] The special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing alginate is made of the following raw materials by weight: 550g ammonium polyphosphate, 210g urea, 45g polyglutamic acid, 20g monoammonium phosphate, 13g EDTA-Mg, 8g EDTA-Zn, 5g fruit leaf spirit, 50g calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 1.2g humic acid.

[0099] The preparation method of special foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0100] (1) weighing the weights of ammonium polyphosphate and polyglutamic acid, and mixing and dissolving them to prepare a mother solution 1;

[0101] (2) weighing the weights of urea, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn, maltose and alginic acid, and dissolving them in a small amount of water to prepare mother solution 2;

[0102] (3) Mother solution 1 and mother solution 2 were combined, the components were mixed and stirred evenly, and the mixture was placed on a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 800 rpm for 15 min to prepare mother solution 3;

[0103] (4) Finally, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was added to the mother solution 3, the resulting solution was stirred evenly, allowed to stand, and water was added to make the volume to 1000 L to obtain a foliar fertilizer for sugarcane.

[0104] Example 10

[0105] Experimental study on the effect of foliar fertilizer for sugarcane

[0106] 1. Test location: Shuanglong Lake Base, Xingbin District, Laibin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

[0107] 2. Test conditions: Laibin is located in the subtropical zone and is affected by the monsoon circulation. Warm and humid marine air prevails in summer, while cold and dry continental air prevails in winter. Summer is long and winter is short, with rain and heat in the same season. The average annual sunshine is 1325-1734 hours; the average annual precipitation is 1225-1942 mm; and the average annual temperature is 18.1-21.2℃.

[0108] 3. Experimental design: Sugarcane was selected as the experimental material, and the sugarcane-specific foliar fertilizers prepared in Examples 1, 2 and 3 were used for the experiment. The properties of the fertilizers are shown in Table 1. There were 4 treatments in total, each with 3 replicates, and the plot area was 19.2 m2.

[0109] Table 1 Properties of foliar fertilizer for sugarcane

[0110] project Inositol alginic acid Fulvic acid alginic acid TN 158.7 141.1 145.9 141.1 TP 211.1 193.1 191.5 193.1 pH 6.45 6.49 6.38 6.49 EC 89.7 268 266 268 Total nutrients 369.8 334.5 337.4 334.5 Density(g / L) 1.24 1.22 1.22 1.22 Water insoluble matter (g / L) 0.12 0.18 0.14 0.18

[0111] Treatment 1: Sugarcane foliar fertilizer without functional substances

[0112] Treatment 2: Foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing inositol

[0113] Treatment 3: Foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing alginate

[0114] Treatment 4: Foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing fulvic acid

[0115] 4. Basic information of the experiment: The experiment was planted on March 20, 2023, and the experiment was conducted from May 1 to July 31 when the sugarcane was in the tillering stage.

[0116] Soil properties: pH 6.78, total nitrogen 14 mg / kg, available potassium 86 mg / kg, organic matter 3.8%.

[0117] Basic fertilization conditions: Guangxi Duodele Group’s pesticide fertilizer - Thiamid, 150kg / mu.

[0118] Spraying concentration and number of times: Spray 30 mL for each treatment, dilute 300 times, and spray 3 times in total.

[0119] 5. Test results and analysis:

[0120] (1) Tillering is an important characteristic of sugarcane growth, and the tillering rate has an important influence on the size of the sugarcane population. The tillering rates of sugarcane under different treatments are shown in Table 2. The results show that during the tillering period (May 31 to July 11), the tillering rates of all treatments increased significantly. Inositol, alginic acid, and fulvic acid (treatments 2, 3, and 4) were all higher than the control treatment (treatment 1). The survey at the early stage of tillering (May 31) showed that the tillering rate of fulvic acid (treatment 4) reached 49.02%, significantly higher than that of other treatments, while the tillering rates of other treatments remained the same at 37.25%. The survey data at the mid-term of tillering (June 25) showed that the tillering rates of the three sugarcane foliar fertilizers were all higher than before, and alginic acid and fulvic acid (treatments 3 and 4) exceeded 50%, and were significantly different from the control treatment (treatment 1). The tillering rates investigated at the late tillering stage (July 11) were ranked from high to low as fulvic acid (treatment 4) > alginate (treatment 3) > inositol (treatment 2). The tillering rate of fulvic acid (treatment 4) reached 68.33%, and there was no significant difference among the treatments.

[0121] Table 2 Effect of sugarcane foliar fertilizer on sugarcane tillering rate

[0122]

[0123] (2) Effect on sugarcane leaf area. The leaf area of ​​sugarcane under different treatments is shown in Table 3. The results show that the leaf area of ​​all treatments increased significantly during the tillering period (June 7 to July 15). Inositol, alginic acid, and fulvic acid (treatments 2, 3, and 4) were all higher than the control treatment (treatment 1). After the first spraying of sugarcane foliar fertilizer, observation data 7 days later showed that inositol (treatment 2) had the largest leaf area, which was 241.07 cm 2 , significantly higher than alginic acid and fulvic acid (treatments 3 and 4). After 14 days of sugarcane growth, the leaf area of ​​all treatments increased significantly, and there were significant differences among the treatments. After the sugarcane entered the middle stage of tillering, the leaf area of ​​all treatments increased. Except for the control treatment (treatment 1), the leaf area of ​​the other treatments was greater than 300 cm 2 , but the change was not significant compared with the early tillering stage (June 15). The order of leaf area 30 days after spraying (July 7) was fulvic acid (treatment 4) > alginic acid (treatment 3) > inositol (treatment 2), which were 410.07 cm 2 , 396.98cm 2 , 340.36cm 2 , 292.82cm 2 Observation data 45 days after spraying (July 15) showed that the leaf area of ​​fulvic acid (treatment 4) was the largest, reaching 413.47 cm 2 , which was significantly different from the other treatments. Due to sampling error, the alginic acid (treatment 3) was lower than the leaf area 30 days after spraying (July 7).

[0124] Table 3 Effect of sugarcane foliar fertilizer on sugarcane leaf area

[0125]

[0126] (3) Effect on chlorophyll content of sugarcane. The photosynthetic capacity of sugarcane plants is positively correlated with chlorophyll content. The higher the chlorophyll content of leaves, the stronger the photosynthetic capacity, thus being able to synthesize more carbohydrates. Figure 1As shown, the results showed that the chlorophyll content of all treatments increased significantly from 7 days to 15 days after spraying (June 7 to June 15), and after 30 days (July) after spraying, the chlorophyll content of all treatments decreased and was lower than 19 mg / L. Inositol, alginic acid, and fulvic acid (treatments 2, 3, and 4) were all higher than the control treatment (treatment 1). The results of the measurement 7 days after spraying (June 7) showed that the chlorophyll content of inositol (treatment 2) was the highest, and significantly higher than the control treatment (treatment 1), at 15.58 mg / L. The chlorophyll content of alginic acid and fulvic acid (treatments 3 and 4) was second, at 13.98 mg / L and 12.81 mg / L, respectively, which was not significantly different from the control treatment (treatment 1). 15 days after spraying (June 15), the order of chlorophyll content was fulvic acid (treatment 4) > alginic acid (treatment 3) > inositol (treatment 2), which were 20.77 mg / L, 19.85 mg / L, and 16.03 mg / L, respectively. Among them, there was no significant difference between fulvic acid and alginic acid (treatment 4 and treatment 3), but there was a significant difference compared with inositol (treatment 2) and the control treatment (treatment 1). After the sugarcane growth entered the middle stage, due to the influence of drought weather, the plants lacked water, photosynthesis weakened, and the chlorophyll content decreased. The results of the measurement 30 days after spraying (July 7) showed that the chlorophyll content of fulvic acid (treatment 4) was the highest, at 18.20 mg / L, which was significantly different from other treatments. The results of measurements 45 days after spraying (7 and 15 days) showed that the chlorophyll content of humic acid (treatment 4) was significantly higher than that of inositol (treatment 2) and the control treatment (treatment 1), and the content was the highest. The content of alginate (treatment 3) was second, and there was no significant difference compared with other treatments, which were 13.69 mg / L, 9.62 mg / L, 8.97 mg / L, and 11.44 mg / L, respectively.

[0127] (4) Effect on the activity of neutral invertase in sugarcane. Neutral invertase is an important indicator of carbon metabolism. It is closely related to the sucrose accumulation of sugarcane. The activity of neutral invertase can represent the level of carbon metabolism in plants and is positively correlated with sugarcane growth and sugar accumulation. Figure 2As shown, the results showed that the neutral invertase activity of all treatments increased significantly from 7 days to 15 days after spraying (June 7 to June 15), and the neutral invertase activity of all treatments remained at 300U / g from 15 days to 30 days after spraying (June 15 to July 5). Due to the influence of factors such as weather and temperature, the neutral invertase activity of all treatments decreased significantly after 45 days (July 15) after spraying, and all remained at 250U / g. Inositol, alginic acid, and fulvic acid (treatments 2, 3, and 4) were all higher than the control treatment (treatment 1). The results of the test 7 days after spraying (June 6) showed that the neutral invertase activity of inositol (treatment 2) was the highest, followed by fulvic acid (treatment 4), and the lowest was alginic acid (treatment 3), which were 142.35U / g, 125.40U / g, and 105.63U / g, respectively. There were significant differences between inositol, alginic acid, and fulvic acid (treatment 2, treatment 3, and treatment 4). The results of the test 15 days after spraying (June 15) showed that the neutral invertase activity of fulvic acid (treatment 4) was as high as 361.83U / g, the highest among all treatments and significantly different from other treatments. The neutral invertase activity 30 days after spraying (July 5) was ranked as fulvic acid (treatment 4) > inositol (treatment 2) > alginic acid (treatment 3), which were 398.70U / g, 391.38U / g, and 341.01U / g, respectively. Among them, there was no significant difference between fulvic acid and inositol (treatment 4 and treatment 2), but there was a significant difference with treatment 3. 45 days after spraying (July 15), the activity of neutral invertase decreased, and fulvic acid (treatment 4) had the highest activity, which was 308.37 U / g.

[0128] (5) Effect on the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase in sugarcane. The activity of sucrose phosphate synthase in sugarcane source leaves is positively correlated with the accumulation of sucrose in the sink. Figure 3As shown, 7 to 15 days after spraying (June 7 to June 15), the sucrose phosphate synthase activity of all treatments increased significantly. Due to the influence of weather, temperature and variety, after 30 days (July) after spraying, the sucrose phosphate synthase of all treatments decreased and maintained above 800nmol / min / g. Inositol, alginic acid, and fulvic acid (treatments 2, 3 and 4) were all higher than the control treatment (treatment 1). The results of the measurement 7 days after spraying (June 7) showed that the sucrose phosphate synthase activity of fulvic acid (treatment 4) was the highest, at 1945.86nmol / min / g, and there was no significant difference between inositol, alginic acid, and fulvic acid (treatments 2, 3 and 4). The results of sucrose phosphate synthase activity 15 days after spraying (June 15) showed that fulvic acid (treatment 4) had the highest activity, and there were significant differences between it and inositol and alginic acid (treatments 2 and 3), which were 2710.58nmol / min / g, 2266.70nmol / min / g, and 2211.27nmol / min / g, respectively. After the middle of sugarcane growth (July), the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase in sugarcane decreased. Except for the control treatment (treatment 1) 30 days after spraying (July 15), the activity of the other treatments remained above 1000nmol / min / g. The results of measurement 30 days after spraying (July 15) showed that fulvic acid (treatment four) had the highest activity, which was significantly different from other treatments, and there was no significant difference between inositol and alginate (treatments two and three). 45 days after spraying (July 15), the sucrose phosphate synthase activity was fulvic acid (treatment four) > alginate (treatment three) > inositol (treatment two), which were 1287.02 nmol / min / g, 2046.41 nmol / min / g, and 2084.15 nmol / min / g, respectively. There was no significant difference between fulvic acid and alginate (treatment four and treatment three), but there was a significant difference between fulvic acid and inositol (treatment two).

[0129] (6) The results of sugarcane sugar production and yield are shown in Table 4. Functional substances have a continuous effect during the growth of sugarcane. The sugar production and yield of sugarcane under different treatments are shown in Table 3. In terms of sugar production, inositol, alginic acid and fulvic acid (treatments 2, 3 and 4) were all improved compared with the control treatment (treatment 1), with no significant difference. There was no significant difference in sugar production between inositol, alginic acid and fulvic acid (treatments 2, 3 and 4). The order of sugar production from high to low was inositol (treatment 2) > fulvic acid (treatment 4) > alginic acid (treatment 3), which increased by 17.64%, 15.99% and 14.88% respectively. In terms of yield, inositol, alginic acid and fulvic acid (treatments 2, 3 and 4) were all improved compared with the control treatment (treatment 1), among which fulvic acid (treatment 4) was significantly different from the control treatment (treatment 1), reaching 5659.86 kg / mu, an increase of 15.13%. Next were inositol (treatment 2) and alginic acid (treatment 3), which increased by 7.36% and 4.88% respectively compared with the control treatment (treatment 1).

[0130] Table 4 Effect of sugarcane foliar fertilizer on sugarcane yield and yield

[0131] deal with Sugar yield / kg / mu Yield / kg / mu Processing 1 564.23c±66.58 4803.41d±322.04 Processing 2 685.06abc±111.03 5185.19bcd±527.82 Processing three 662.88abc±138.33 5049.83bcd±547.53 Processing Four 671.6abc±69.79 5659.86abc±603.06

[0132] In summary, the application of the three kinds of sugarcane-specific foliar fertilizers described in the present invention can improve the sugarcane tillering rate; promote sugarcane photosynthesis and increase chlorophyll content; enhance the activity of sugarcane neutral invertase and sucrose phosphate synthase, which can significantly promote the growth and development of sugarcane in the tillering period, and promote sugar accumulation and yield increase in the later growth period of sugarcane. Among them, the application effect of the sugarcane-specific foliar fertilizer containing fulvic acid is the best.

[0133] Advantages: The foliar fertilizer of the present invention has comprehensive and balanced nutrition, with sufficient amount of highly active fulvic acid, proper amount of nitrogen and phosphorus main fertilizer components and zinc and magnesium micro-fertilizer components, which can fully meet the various nutrients required for crop growth. The foliar fertilizer of the present invention can increase the tillering rate of sugarcane by 8%-29%; increase the content of chlorophyll by 7%-50%; promote the activity of 0.7%-32% neutral invertase and 19%-60% sucrose phosphate synthase, increase the sugar yield of sugarcane by 14.9%-17.6%, and increase the yield of sugarcane by 4.9%-7.4%. It has high fertilizer efficiency and high fertilizer utilization rate, reduces the use of chemical pesticides, promotes rapid growth of crops, enhances crop stress resistance, improves crop quality, and has obvious effects of increasing production and income, and has huge economic benefits.

[0134] Foliar fertilization is a timely, effective and economical way to provide supplementary nutrients to plants. Foliar fertilization is less than root fertilization, which can reduce the damage caused by residues to the soil, and the absorption rate is faster. On the other hand, inositol, alginic acid and fulvic acid can promote plant cell division, delay aging and promote root and stem growth; magnesium and zinc can continuously strengthen the immune ability during the growth process, and through the supplement of trace elements, the resistance of plants is continuously enhanced. After foliar fertilization, the growth and development of sugarcane in the tillering period is significantly promoted. At the same time, it helps to promote the accumulation of sugar in the later stage of sugarcane growth, and scientifically and effectively achieve the goal of increasing sugarcane production and sugar.

[0135] Therefore, the present invention provides a special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing functional substances and a preparation method thereof, which improves the tillering rate of sugarcane; promotes sugarcane photosynthesis and increases chlorophyll content; enhances the activity of sugarcane neutral invertase and sucrose phosphate synthase, which can significantly promote the growth and development of sugarcane in the tillering period, and promote sugar accumulation and yield increase in the later stage of sugarcane growth.

[0136] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0137] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing functional substances, characterized in that: Calculated by weight, the raw materials include: 450-550 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 194-210 parts of urea, 45-55 parts of polyglutamic acid, 20-34 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5-15 parts of EDTA-Mg, 1-10 parts of EDTA-Zn, 5-6 parts of fruit leaf spirit, 40-54 parts of dispersing aid, and 0.4-1.2 parts of functional substance, wherein the functional substance is one of inositol and alginate.

2. The special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing functional substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersing aid is one or more of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, and alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether.

3. The method for preparing a special foliar fertilizer for sugarcane containing functional substances according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: S1 ammonium polyphosphate and polyglutamic acid are mixed and dissolved to prepare mother solution 1; S2: dissolving urea, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA-Mg, EDTA-Zn, phytol and functional substances in water to obtain mother solution 2; S3: combining mother liquor 1 and mother liquor 2, mixing and stirring evenly, placing on a magnetic stirrer, rotating at a speed of 800-1000 rpm for 15-20 min, to prepare mother liquor 3; Add a dispersing aid to the S4 mother solution 3, stir the resulting solution evenly, let it stand, add water to make up the volume, and obtain a foliar fertilizer specifically for sugarcane.

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