An electric heating coating with phase change wave-transparent, coating layer and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of electric heating coating, and particularly relates to an electric heating coating with phase change and wave transmission, a coating, and a preparation method and application thereof. The electric heating coating with phase change and wave transmission comprises a polymer matrix, nano-conductive fillers, a phase change material, and an organic solvent; the phase change material comprises tetradecane. The electric heating coating with phase change and wave transmission adds the phase change material tetradecane, and the phase change and wave transmission electric heating coating material prepared by the coating can change its resistance value with temperature change, and then change the effect of transmitting electromagnetic waves, so as to realize the functions of low detectability and ice prevention and removal of a stealth warplane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrothermal coating technology, specifically relating to an electrothermal coating with phase change wave transmission, the coating itself, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Next-generation aircraft need to possess both low detectability (stealth performance) and anti-icing / de-icing capabilities. Stealth aircraft require extremely low radar cross-sections (RCS) to evade radar detection, necessitating the use of impedance-matched, high-electrical-loss, or high-magnetic-loss absorbing materials or structures on the aircraft surface to absorb detection electromagnetic waves. Icing is the phenomenon of water condensing into ice on the aircraft's surface during flight. Aircraft icing can occur on wings, tail fins, engine air intake leading edges, windshields, and instrument sensor heads, often causing flight accidents. Therefore, aircraft anti-icing and de-icing capabilities have become a crucial indicator of an aircraft's all-weather flight performance.

[0003] Traditional anti-icing and de-icing methods require frequent maintenance when spraying antifreeze, and the antifreeze on the surface can affect the radar absorption effect of the aircraft's stealth honeycomb structure. Hot air anti-icing methods reach temperatures as high as 200-300°C, and the radar-absorbing coatings and structures, mostly made of composite materials, cannot withstand such high temperatures. Electric heating methods use metal wires, and their strong reflection of electromagnetic waves significantly impacts stealth performance. Superhydrophobic passive anti-icing and de-icing methods are unsuitable for high-speed flight conditions and often lack hydrophobicity. Therefore, none of the above-mentioned anti-icing and de-icing methods can be used on the surface of stealth aircraft.

[0004] Currently, the principle of various electric heating films is basically based on Joule's law, achieving electrothermal heating by applying a certain voltage. This requires the electric heating film to have good electrical conductivity. Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) materials are materials whose resistance increases with increasing temperature. They are widely used in the manufacture of self-regulating electric heating devices, overcurrent / overheat protectors, etc.

[0005] To achieve anti-icing effects on fighter jets, the average surface temperature generally needs to be controlled above 5°C. When the aircraft surface temperature drops to around 4°C, the anti-icing and de-icing devices will be activated prematurely. Currently, electrothermal films compatible with stealth anti-icing generally improve electromagnetic wave transmission by reducing the material thickness (10–100 nm), thereby increasing wave transmittance. With or without patterning, the wave transmittance is further enhanced. Even so, there is still a problem where, when the wave transmittance is increased, the heating power for anti-icing and de-icing cannot keep up, resulting in the inability to achieve the desired anti-icing and de-icing effects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide an electrothermal coating with phase change wave transmission, a coating method thereof, and its application. The electrothermal coating prepared using the electrothermal coating of the present invention can simultaneously achieve wave transmission and anti-icing / de-icing effects.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] The present invention provides an electrically heated coating with phase change wave transmission, comprising a polymer matrix, nano-conductive filler, phase change material and organic solvent; wherein the phase change material comprises tetradecane.

[0009] Preferably, the electrothermal coating contains 3-25% phase change material, 2-30% nano-conductive filler, and 1-10% polymer matrix by mass.

[0010] This invention also provides a method for preparing an electrothermal coating with phase change wave transmission, comprising the following steps:

[0011] A first dispersion is sprayed onto the substrate surface to obtain a bottom insulating layer; the first dispersion comprises an insulating polymer and a first organic solvent.

[0012] Electrodes are arranged on the surface of the bottom insulating layer;

[0013] A second dispersion liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the bottom insulating layer without electrodes and the electrode surface to obtain a phase change transparent heating layer; the second dispersion liquid is the phase change transparent electric heating coating described in the above technical solution.

[0014] An outer insulating protective layer is sprayed onto the surface of the phase change transparent heating layer to obtain the electrothermal coating with phase change transparency.

[0015] Preferably, the mass ratio of the insulating polymer to the first organic solvent is 1:8 to 20.

[0016] Preferably, the first dispersion further includes thermally conductive nanoparticles, which include one or more of silica particles, boron nitride particles, and alumina particles.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of the insulating polymer to the thermally conductive nanoparticles is 1 to 10:1.

[0018] Preferably, before spraying the second dispersion, the method further includes: pre-cooling the substrate to be sprayed, wherein the pre-cooling temperature is -20 to -10°C, and the temperature of the spray gun during the spraying process is room temperature to 60°C.

[0019] The present invention also provides an electrothermal coating with phase change wave transmission obtained by the preparation method described above, comprising a bottom insulating isolation layer, a phase change wave transmission heating layer and an outer insulating protective layer sequentially stacked on the surface of a substrate, wherein an electrode is disposed on the surface of the bottom insulating isolation layer and the electrode is embedded in the lower surface of the phase change wave transmission heating layer.

[0020] Preferably, the thickness of the bottom insulating layer is 0.01 to 1 mm, and the thickness of the phase change transparent heating layer is 0.1 to 0.4 mm.

[0021] The present invention also provides the application of the electrothermal coating with phase change wave transmission described in the above technical solution in stealth fighters.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention provides an electrically heated coating with phase change wave transmission, comprising a polymer matrix, nano-conductive fillers, a phase change material, and an organic solvent; the phase change material includes tetradecane. The electrically heated coating containing tetradecane exhibits low resistance when the temperature is below 0°C, making it easy to apply heat; when the temperature rises to around 5°C, the material's resistance increases, improving wave transmission while maintaining the continuous heating and de-icing effect of the electrically heated film, making it easy to control the surface temperature during flight at 5–10°C. This invention achieves both heating and wave transmission by changing the material's resistance with temperature, thereby altering the transmission of electromagnetic waves. This enables stealth aircraft to achieve both low detectability (stealth performance) and anti-icing / de-icing capabilities.

[0024] This invention solves the incompatibility problem between anti-icing / de-icing and stealth in stealth fighters. It requires no additional conditions; simply controlling the temperature controls the phase transition of the material, thereby changing its resistance and ultimately its transmittance. At a phase transition point of around 5°C, a good balance between anti-icing / de-icing and energy consumption can be achieved, maintaining transmittance with minimal energy consumption during anti-icing / de-icing, resulting in significant energy savings. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrothermal coating with phase change wave transmission in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2The graph shows the change rate of resistivity of the electrothermal coating with phase change transparency prepared in Example 1 as a function of temperature.

[0028] Figure 3 The heating uniformity result is shown for the electrothermal coating with phase change transparency prepared in Example 1.

[0029] Figure 4 The results show the heating efficiency of the electrothermal coating with phase change transparency prepared in Example 1 at different heating powers and times.

[0030] Figure 5 The transmittance of the electrothermal coating with phase change transmittance prepared in Example 1 is given at different temperatures. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention provides an electrically heated coating with phase change wave transmission, comprising a polymer matrix, nano-conductive filler, phase change material and organic solvent; wherein the phase change material comprises tetradecane.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and equipment used in this invention are commercially available products in the field.

[0033] In this invention, the polymer matrix preferably includes one or more of silicone rubber, epoxy resin, thermoplastic elastomer, styrene-butadiene rubber, and polyurethane, and the thermoplastic elastomer preferably includes styrene-based (SIS, SEBS, SEPS), olefin-based (TPO, TPV), diene-based (TPB, TPI), vinyl chloride-based (TPVC, TCPE), urethane-based (TPU), ester-based (TPEE), or amide-based (TPAE).

[0034] In this invention, the mass percentage of the polymer matrix in the electrically heated coating is preferably 1 to 10%, more preferably 5.9 to 8%.

[0035] In this invention, the nano-conductive filler preferably includes one or more of graphite, graphene, conductive carbon black, carbon nanotubes, nano-metal powder, and nano-metal wire, and the graphite is preferably nano-graphite powder.

[0036] In this invention, the mass percentage of nano-conductive filler in the electrically heated coating is preferably 2-30%, more preferably 4-17.6%.

[0037] In this invention, the mass percentage of phase change material in the electrically heated coating is preferably 3-25%, more preferably 8-17.6%.

[0038] In this invention, the organic solvent preferably includes one or more of ethanol, toluene, xylene, and acetone.

[0039] In this invention, the electrically heated coating with phase change wave transmission is preferably obtained by mixing a polymer matrix, a phase change material, a nano-conductive filler and an organic solvent, and then mechanically stirring and ultrasonically dispersing them in sequence. The mass ratio of the polymer matrix, the phase change material, the nano-conductive filler and the organic solvent is preferably 1:3:3:10 or 1:1:0.5:10.

[0040] This invention provides a method for preparing an electrothermal coating with phase change wave transmission, comprising the following steps:

[0041] A first dispersion is sprayed onto the substrate surface to obtain a bottom insulating layer; the first dispersion comprises an insulating polymer and a first organic solvent.

[0042] Electrodes are arranged on the surface of the bottom insulating layer;

[0043] A second dispersion liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the bottom insulating layer without electrodes and the electrode surface to obtain a phase change transparent heating layer; the second dispersion liquid is the phase change transparent electric heating coating described in the above technical solution.

[0044] An outer insulating protective layer is sprayed onto the surface of the phase change transparent heating layer to obtain the electrothermal coating with phase change transparency.

[0045] The present invention involves spraying a first dispersion onto a substrate surface to obtain a bottom insulating layer; the first dispersion comprises an insulating polymer and a first organic solvent.

[0046] In this invention, the substrate preferably includes one or more of acrylic sheet, glass, wood and fiberglass cloth.

[0047] In this invention, the insulating polymer preferably includes one or more of epoxy resin, silicone rubber, polyurethane, rubber, polyimide, and polymethyl methacrylate.

[0048] In this invention, the first organic solvent preferably includes one or more of ethanol, acetone, diethyl ether, haloalkanes, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons; the haloalkanes preferably include fluoroalkanes or chloroalkanes, and the aromatic hydrocarbons preferably include xylene, toluene, hexamethylbenzene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, styrene, or phenylacetylene.

[0049] In this invention, the mass ratio of the insulating polymer to the first organic solvent is preferably 1:8 to 20, more preferably 1:10.

[0050] In this invention, the first dispersion preferably further includes thermally conductive nanoparticles, which preferably include one or more of silica particles, boron nitride particles, and alumina particles, and the boron nitride particles are preferably cubic boron nitride particles.

[0051] In this invention, the mass ratio of the insulating polymer to the thermally conductive nanoparticles is preferably 1 to 10:1, more preferably 1:1.

[0052] In this invention, the method for preparing the first dispersion preferably includes the following steps:

[0053] After mixing the insulating polymer and the first organic solvent, a magnet was added, and the mixture was electromagnetically stirred for 1 hour, followed by ultrasonic dispersion for 1 hour to obtain the first dispersion.

[0054] In this invention, the spraying is preferably done using a compressed air-driven spray gun, and the spraying process preferably includes cooling, with the cooling temperature preferably being 0°C and the cooling time preferably being 12 hours. The purpose of the cooling is to cure the bottom insulating layer.

[0055] In this invention, the thickness of the bottom insulating layer is preferably 0.01 to 1 mm, more preferably 0.01 to 0.05 mm, and even more preferably 0.01 mm.

[0056] After obtaining the bottom insulating layer, the present invention arranges electrodes on the surface of the bottom insulating layer.

[0057] In this invention, the electrode preferably comprises one or more of a metallic material, carbon fiber, and conductive polymer. The metallic material preferably comprises metal nanowires or conductive silver paste, and the metal in the metallic material preferably comprises one or more of tin, platinum, copper, and silver.

[0058] In this invention, the electrode arrangement method preferably includes one or more of the following: magnetron sputtering, metal powder spraying, metal displacement reaction coating, photomask lithography, textured metal sheet, screen printing, inkjet printing, 3D printing, conductive adhesive bonding, soldering, copper foil engraving, and integral molding.

[0059] In this invention, the electrodes are preferably arranged on both sides of the bottom insulating layer.

[0060] After arranging electrodes on the surface of the bottom insulating layer, the present invention sprays a second dispersion liquid onto the surface of the bottom insulating layer where no electrodes are arranged and the surface of the electrodes to obtain a phase change transparent heating layer; the second dispersion liquid is the phase change transparent electric heating coating described in the above technical solution.

[0061] In this invention, the process preferably further includes pre-cooling the substrate to be sprayed before spraying the second dispersion, wherein the pre-cooling temperature is preferably -20 to -10°C, and the substrate to be sprayed is maintained at the pre-cooled temperature during the spraying process; the temperature of the spray gun during the spraying process is preferably room temperature to 60°C. By maintaining the substrate to be sprayed at the pre-cooled temperature during the spraying process, this invention enables the phase change material to solidify.

[0062] In this invention, after spraying the second dispersion, cooling is preferably included. The cooling temperature is preferably -10 to 0°C, and the cooling time is preferably 1 to 5 minutes. The cooling temperature and time of this invention can ensure that the organic solvent evaporates completely and the resulting material has stable electrical resistance.

[0063] In this invention, the cooling process preferably includes repeated spraying of the second dispersion and cooling, the number of times the process is preferably 10 to 20, the thickness of the phase change transparent heating layer formed by a single spraying is preferably 0.01 to 0.02 mm, and the total thickness of the phase change transparent heating layer is preferably 0.1 to 0.4 mm.

[0064] After obtaining the phase change transparent heating layer, the present invention sprays an external insulating protective layer on the surface of the phase change transparent heating layer to obtain the electrothermal coating with phase change transparency.

[0065] In this invention, the outer insulating protective layer is obtained by spraying a third dispersion liquid, which includes an insulating polymer and a third organic solvent.

[0066] In this invention, the insulating polymer preferably includes one or more of polyurethane, silicone rubber, high-density polyethylene, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

[0067] In this invention, the third organic solvent preferably includes one or more of ethanol, acetone, xylene, toluene, and diethyl ether.

[0068] In this invention, the mass ratio of the insulating polymer to the third organic solvent is preferably 1:8 to 20, and more preferably 1:10.

[0069] In this invention, after spraying the outer insulating protective layer, it is preferable to further include low-temperature placement, wherein the temperature of the low-temperature placement is preferably -20 to 0°C, and the time is preferably 12 to 24 hours. The outer insulating protective layer can protect the coating from damage by external impacts and prevent leakage and short circuits.

[0070] In this invention, the thickness of the outer insulating protective layer is preferably 0.01 to 0.05 mm.

[0071] The present invention also provides an electrothermal coating with phase change wave transmission obtained by the preparation method described above, comprising a bottom insulating isolation layer, a phase change wave transmission heating layer and an outer insulating protective layer sequentially stacked on the surface of a substrate, wherein an electrode is disposed on the surface of the bottom insulating isolation layer and the electrode is embedded in the lower surface of the phase change wave transmission heating layer.

[0072] In this invention, the thickness of the bottom insulating layer is preferably 0.01-1 mm, more preferably 0.01-0.05 mm, and even more preferably 0.01 mm; the thickness of the phase change transparent heating layer is 0.1-0.4 mm; and the thickness of the outer insulating protective layer is preferably 0.01-0.05 mm.

[0073] The electrothermal coating of the present invention has phase change and wave transmission properties. The material undergoes a phase change with temperature: at below zero, the phase change material is in a solid state, at which point the resistance is low and it is easy to heat; when the temperature exceeds 5°C, the phase change material is in a liquid state, at which point the resistance is high and it is easy to transmit waves, while the electrothermal film is already in a state of heating and de-icing.

[0074] The present invention also provides the application of the electrothermal coating with phase change wave transmission described in the above technical solution in stealth fighters.

[0075] To further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, describes the electrothermal coatings, coatings, their preparation methods, and applications with phase change transparency provided by the present invention, but these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0076] Example 1

[0077] 1. Acetone and polyurethane were mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain dispersion one. A magnet was added, and the dispersion was stirred for 1 hour using an electromagnetic stirrer. Then, the nano- and micro-sized particles inside were uniformly dispersed using an ultrasonic cleaner and ultrasonicated for 1 hour. The mixture was then sprayed onto an acrylic sheet to a thickness of 0.01 mm and cooled at 0°C for 12 hours.

[0078] 2. Adhere the conductive adhesive to the acrylic plate sprayed with dispersion liquid one to obtain two parallel electrodes. Use cardboard to flatten the two parallel electrodes to make their surfaces smooth and completely adhere to the bottom.

[0079] 3. Mix epoxy resin, tetradecane, graphite and toluene in a mass ratio of 1:3:3:10 to obtain dispersion II;

[0080] 4. The dispersion liquid II is sprayed onto an acrylic plate with parallel electrodes to obtain a phase change transparent wave heating layer. The thickness of the spray is 0.02 mm. During the spraying, the acrylic plate is placed on a cooling chip at -20℃, and the temperature inside the spray gun is room temperature.

[0081] 5. Place the acrylic sheet coated with the phase change microwave heating layer in a refrigerator (-10℃) to cool completely. Remove it when there is no obvious liquid on the surface and the resistance is stable. Repeat step 4 for a total of 10 times, with a total thickness of 0.2mm.

[0082] 6. Mix acetone and polyurethane in a mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain dispersion liquid three, spray it onto the surface of the phase change transparent heating layer, blow dry to form an outer insulating protective layer with a thickness of 0.01mm, and obtain an electric heating coating with phase change transparentness.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] 1. Xylene, epoxy resin, and boron nitride particles were mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:1 to obtain a dispersion. A magnet was added, and the dispersion was stirred for 1 hour using an electromagnetic stirrer. Then, the nano- and micro-sized particles inside were uniformly dispersed using an ultrasonic cleaner and ultrasonicated for 1 hour. The mixture was then sprayed onto a glass slide to a thickness of 0.01 mm and cooled for 12 hours.

[0085] 2. Conductive silver paste is printed onto a glass slide coated with dispersion liquid 1 by inkjet printing to obtain two parallel electrodes. The conductive silver paste is cured at 130℃ for 24 hours to achieve high conductivity. The surface is then sanded to make it smooth and fully adhere to the bottom.

[0086] 3. Polyurethane, tetradecane, graphene, and toluene were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.5:10 to obtain dispersion II;

[0087] 4. Spray the dispersion onto a glass slide with conductive silver paste to obtain a phase change transparent heating layer. The thickness of the spray is 0.01 mm. The glass slide is placed on a cooling plate at -10℃, and the temperature inside the spray gun is room temperature.

[0088] 5. Place the glass plate coated with the phase change transparent heating layer in a refrigerator to cool completely. Remove it when there is no obvious liquid on the surface and the resistance is stable. Repeat step 4 for a total of 10 times, with a thickness of 0.1 mm.

[0089] 6. Mix acetone and polyethylene in a mass ratio of 8:1 to obtain dispersion liquid three, spray it onto the surface of the phase change transparent heating layer, blow dry to form an outer insulating protective layer with a thickness of 0.05mm, and obtain an electric heating coating with phase change transparentness.

[0090] Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrically heated coating with phase change wave transmission in the embodiment, where 0 represents the substrate; 1 represents the bottom insulating isolation layer; 2a represents an electrode; 3 represents the phase change wave transmission heating layer; and 4 represents the outer insulating protective layer. The figure below is a transparent structural diagram in top view, which is used to illustrate that there are electrodes inside the coating.

[0091] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the change rate of resistivity of the electrothermal coating with phase change transparency prepared in Example 1 as a function of temperature, with the temperature at 5°C. ～ At 7℃, the rate of change of resistivity (increases) is 50. ～70 times, and the resistance increases further at higher temperatures, but the rate of increase slows down significantly, to around 7 ～ It begins to decrease at 8℃, but the decrease is very small, only 5%. ～ Around 8%.

[0092] Figure 3 The heating uniformity result of the phase change transparent electrothermal coating prepared in Example 1 is shown in the upper left corner. The number in the upper left corner represents the temperature of the coating at this time, which can be heated to 33.4°C. The heating coating has excellent heating uniformity, with no local high or low temperature points.

[0093] Figure 4 The results of heating efficiency at different times with different heating powers for the electrothermal coating with phase change transparency prepared in Example 1 show that a large temperature change can be achieved when a very small heating power is applied, indicating that the electrothermal coating has the characteristics of low energy consumption and rapid heating.

[0094] Figure 5 The transmittance of the electrothermal coating with phase change wave transmission prepared in Example 1 is shown at different temperatures. It can be seen that when the temperature is -10°C, it is not transparent, but when the temperature is raised to 10°C, it is transparent.

[0095] This invention utilizes a material phase change to alter the transmittance of the coating. At low temperatures, the resistance is low and the transmittance is poor, but heating is still possible; at high temperatures, the resistance is high and the transmittance is good, eliminating the need for heating. This invention utilizes the phase change material tetradecane (n-tetradecane), whose phase change point is around 5°C. ～ At around 6℃, this is the temperature at which electric heating can complete the anti-icing and de-icing process, and no further heating is needed; it ensures complete anti-icing and de-icing without wasting energy, and also has good wave transmission effect.

[0096] This invention solves the problem that stealth fighters, due to the lack of suitable anti-icing and de-icing methods, can only fly at high altitudes without clouds or in clear weather, and cannot achieve 24-hour all-weather flight; it solves the anti-icing and de-icing problem of stealth fighters, and can effectively improve the safety, stability and all-weather combat capability of the fighters.

[0097] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on the present invention without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an electrothermal coating with phase change wave transmission, comprising the following steps: 1) Mix acetone and polyurethane at a mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain dispersion one. Add a magnet and stir the dispersion with an electromagnetic stirrer for 1 hour. Then, use an ultrasonic cleaner to uniformly disperse the nano and micro-sized particles inside and sonicate for 1 hour. Spray it onto an acrylic plate to obtain a bottom insulating layer with a thickness of 0.01 mm and cool at 0℃ for 12 hours. 2) Adhere the conductive adhesive to the acrylic plate sprayed with dispersion liquid one to obtain two parallel electrodes. Use cardboard to flatten the two parallel electrodes to make their surfaces smooth and completely adhere to the bottom. 3) Epoxy resin, tetradecane, graphite and toluene are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3:3:10 to obtain dispersion II; 4) The dispersion liquid II is sprayed onto an acrylic plate with parallel electrodes to obtain a phase change transparent wave heating layer. The thickness of the spray is 0.02 mm. During the spraying, the acrylic plate is placed on a cooling chip at -20℃, and the temperature inside the spray gun is room temperature. 5) Place the acrylic sheet coated with the phase change transparent heating layer into a refrigerator and cool it completely. The temperature of the refrigerator is -10℃. Take it out when there is no obvious liquid on the surface and the resistance is stable. Repeat steps 4) and 5) 10 times, for a total thickness of 0.2 mm; 6) Mix acetone and polyurethane in a mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain dispersion liquid three, spray it onto the surface of the phase change transparent heating layer, blow dry to form an outer insulating protective layer with a thickness of 0.01mm, and obtain an electric heating coating with phase change transparent wave.

2. The electrothermal coating with phase change transparency obtained by the preparation method of claim 1.

3. The application of the electrothermal coating with phase change wave transmission as described in claim 2 in stealth fighters.

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