Monitoring method, system, equipment and medium for ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnels

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method, system, equipment and medium for monitoring a tunnel with an ultra-small cross-section and an ultra-small turning radius, including the following specific steps: obtaining the wall mining data of the inner wall of the tunnel, determining the wall mining area and the tunnel volume; meshing the wall mining area, and calculating the thermal conductivity of the wall under each mesh; determining the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel based on the tunnel volume; calculating the heat exchange efficiency between the inside of the tunnel and the wall, and calculating the heat dissipation efficiency according to the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel, and constructing a heat exchange monitoring model; evaluating the heat exchange efficiency and optimizing the heat exchange monitoring model. According to the excavation process, the tunnel wall is meshed, and the complexity of the tunnel with an ultra-small cross-section and an ultra-small turning radius is considered to obtain the thermal conductivity of the wall, and the heat exchange efficiency and the heat dissipation efficiency are calculated, and a heat exchange monitoring model is constructed, thereby improving the monitoring effectiveness of the tunnel with an ultra-small cross-section and an ultra-small turning radius, and being able to intervene in time according to the monitoring results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of TBM excavation, and in particular to a method, system, equipment and medium for monitoring a tunnel with an ultra-small cross-section and an ultra-small turning radius. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of urban underground space, restricted by existing buildings above and below the ground, more and more tunnel lines choose to use ultra-small section and ultra-small turning radius construction to overcome the constraints of the surrounding environment. During the construction of ultra-small section and ultra-small turning radius, due to its own constraints, ventilation, cooling and dust removal are very difficult during TBM construction, which increases the difficulty of advancing the project and easily causes the TBM excavation route to deviate from the designed axis. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the temperature in the tunnel and take timely measures to ensure the safety of internal personnel and construction efficiency.

[0003] Since there is a wind speed dead zone in the tunnel with ultra-small turning radius most of the time during wind speed monitoring and temperature monitoring, it is impossible to accurately obtain the current temperature of the tunnel by simply monitoring the wind speed and temperature. The existing technology ignores the timeliness of monitoring when monitoring the tunnel temperature, and is unable to calculate the heat transfer and heat exchange of the surrounding rock in the ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel, resulting in low monitoring efficiency, inability to accurately monitor, and inability to take effective measures in time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the timeliness of monitoring is ignored, and the heat transfer and heat exchange of the surrounding rock in the ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel cannot be calculated. The purpose is to provide a monitoring method, system, equipment and medium for the ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel. According to the excavation progress, the wall mining area and the tunnel volume are obtained, and the tunnel wall is gridded according to the current mining volume and area. Considering the complexity of the ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel, the thermal conductivity of the wall is obtained, and based on the thermal conductivity of the wall, the heat exchange efficiency and the heat dissipation efficiency are calculated, and a heat exchange monitoring model is constructed, thereby improving the monitoring effectiveness of the ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel, and being able to intervene in time according to the monitoring results.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring an ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel, comprising the following specific steps:

[0007] Obtain the wall mining data of the tunnel inner wall to determine the wall mining area and tunnel volume;

[0008] The wall mining area is meshed and the thermal conductivity of the wall under each mesh is calculated;

[0009] Determine the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel based on the tunnel volume;

[0010] Calculate the heat exchange efficiency inside the tunnel and on the wall, calculate the heat dissipation efficiency based on the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel, and build a heat exchange monitoring model;

[0011] Evaluate the heat exchange efficiency and optimize the heat exchange monitoring model.

[0012] The present invention obtains the wall mining area and tunnel volume according to the excavation progress, grids the tunnel wall according to the current mined volume and area, considers the complexity of the tunnel with ultra-small section and ultra-small turning radius, obtains the thermal conductivity of the wall, calculates the heat exchange efficiency and heat dissipation efficiency based on the wall thermal conductivity, and constructs a heat exchange monitoring model, thereby improving the monitoring effectiveness of the tunnel with ultra-small section and ultra-small turning radius, and being able to intervene in time according to the monitoring results.

[0013] Furthermore, the calculation of the thermal conductivity of the wall surface under each grid includes:

[0014] Obtain the enthalpy of surrounding rock per unit volume at temperature T1;

[0015] Obtain surrounding rock type, determine surrounding rock density and phase change latent heat;

[0016] According to the enthalpy of the surrounding rock per unit volume at temperature T1, determine the enthalpy value above temperature T1 and the enthalpy value below temperature T1;

[0017] Combining the enthalpy at T-temperature with the enthalpy at T+temperature, determine the amount of heat released or absorbed per unit volume of soil and obtain the thermal conductivity.

[0018] Furthermore, the calculation of the heat exchange efficiency between the tunnel and the wall specifically includes:

[0019] Establish control equations, obtain the temperature in the tunnel, and build a heat flow model based on wind speed;

[0020] Based on the law of conservation of energy, the heat conduction equation between the wall and the tunnel is constructed, and the convective heat transfer between the wind flow and the surrounding rock per unit area of ​​the contact wall is calculated to obtain the heat exchange efficiency.

[0021] Furthermore, the construction of the heat exchange monitoring model specifically includes:

[0022] Obtain wind speed and direction, and predict the temperature transfer direction based on wind direction;

[0023] Detect the medium in the propagation direction and obtain the thermal conductivity of the medium;

[0024] Combined with the current heat flow, the temperature of the next space is predicted to obtain a heat exchange monitoring model.

[0025] Furthermore, the evaluation of the heat exchange efficiency specifically includes:

[0026] An evaluation matrix is ​​constructed to evaluate the heat exchange efficiency, and the evaluation matrix is ​​also standardized during the evaluation:

[0027] Monitoring the temperature in the tunnel:

[0028] When the temperature is less than the set threshold, the heat generation is less than the heat dissipation, and positive index normalization is performed;

[0029] When the temperature is greater than the set threshold, the heat generation is greater than the heat dissipation, and the inverse index normalization is performed.

[0030] Furthermore, the optimized heat exchange monitoring model specifically includes:

[0031] Obtain the coefficient of variation of the standardized evaluation index;

[0032] Weight the evaluation indicators according to the coefficient of variation;

[0033] According to the weights of the evaluation indicators, the heat exchange monitoring model is optimized according to the weights.

[0034] A second aspect of the present invention provides a TBM-based tunnel temperature monitoring system, comprising a signal acquisition module, a control module, a data processing module, a communication module and a power supply module;

[0035] The signal acquisition module is used to collect wall mining data, temperature and wind speed in the tunnel;

[0036] The control module is used to control the signal acquisition module to collect data and control the data processing module to process data;

[0037] The signal acquisition module transmits the wall mining data to the data processing module through the communication module;

[0038] The data processing module calculates the thermal conductivity of the wall surface according to the wall surface mining data;

[0039] The data processing is also used to calculate the heat exchange efficiency between the inside of the tunnel and the wall according to the thermal conductivity of the wall, the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel, calculate the heat dissipation efficiency according to the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel, and construct a heat exchange monitoring model;

[0040] Evaluate the heat exchange efficiency and optimize the heat exchange monitoring model.

[0041] Furthermore, the signal acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a wind speed and direction sensor and a distance sensor installed on the tunneling equipment, and a humidity sensor installed inside the tunnel;

[0042] The control module periodically controls the temperature sensor, wind speed and direction sensor, distance sensor and humidity sensor to monitor and update data according to the movement of the excavation equipment, and transmits the updated data to the data processing module through the communication module.

[0043] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, a method for monitoring a tunnel with an ultra-small cross-section and an ultra-small turning radius is implemented.

[0044] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements a method for monitoring an ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0046] In order to study the ventilation, heat dissipation and dust suppression technology for TBM construction of ultra-small section, long distance and ultra-small turning radius tunnels in pumped storage projects, the present invention needs to explore the effective elimination of local flow dead zones in small diameter tunnels and reduce the cooling technology of tunnel environment, so as to study a temperature monitoring technology, obtain the wall mining area and tunnel volume according to the excavation progress, mesh the tunnel wall according to the current mining volume and area, consider the complexity of the tunnel with ultra-small section and ultra-small turning radius, obtain the thermal conductivity of the wall, calculate the heat exchange efficiency and heat dissipation efficiency based on the thermal conductivity of the wall, and construct a heat exchange monitoring model, so as to improve the monitoring effectiveness of the tunnel with ultra-small section and ultra-small turning radius, and be able to intervene in time according to the monitoring results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0048] Figure 1 The ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel monitoring method in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is an ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0051] As a possible implementation method, Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a monitoring method for ultra-small section and ultra-small turning radius tunnels, including the following specific steps: obtaining wall mining data of the inner wall of the tunnel, determining the wall mining area and the tunnel volume; meshing the wall mining area, and calculating the thermal conductivity of the wall under each mesh; determining the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel based on the tunnel volume; calculating the heat exchange efficiency of the tunnel interior and the wall, calculating the heat dissipation efficiency based on the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel, and constructing a heat exchange monitoring model; evaluating the heat exchange efficiency and optimizing the heat exchange monitoring model. This embodiment obtains the wall mining area and the tunnel volume according to the excavation process, meshes the tunnel wall according to the current mining volume and area, considers the complexity of the ultra-small section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel, obtains the thermal conductivity of the wall, calculates the heat exchange efficiency and heat dissipation efficiency based on the wall thermal conductivity, and constructs a heat exchange monitoring model, thereby improving the monitoring effectiveness of the ultra-small section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel, and can intervene in time according to the monitoring results.

[0052] In some possible implementations, compared with the simple temperature increase and decrease process, the heat absorption or release in the phase change process has a more significant effect on the temperature in the tunnel. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the thermal conductivity of the wall surface under each grid, specifically including: obtaining the enthalpy of the surrounding rock per unit volume at temperature T1; obtaining the surrounding rock type, determining the surrounding rock density and phase change latent heat; during the excavation process, the surrounding rock on the wall surface will undergo phase change according to the action of the excavation equipment, thereby generating phase change latent heat, that is, heat absorbed or released when the temperature remains unchanged, resulting in a change in the temperature of the wall surface in the tunnel, thereby affecting the change in temperature in the tunnel. Therefore, when calculating the enthalpy of the surrounding rock per unit volume at temperature T1, it is necessary to obtain the surrounding rock type, and determine the phase change latent heat according to the surrounding rock type. The surrounding rock density includes the dry density and wet density of the surrounding rock, that is, it is necessary to obtain the density of the surrounding rock soil particles, the pore volume size and the mass of water in the pores. According to the enthalpy of the surrounding rock per unit volume at temperature T1, the enthalpy values ​​above temperature T1 and below temperature T1 are determined, including: In this embodiment, the enthalpy of the surrounding rock per unit volume is assumed to be zero at T1, H T+ represents the enthalpy above temperature T1, ρ S represents the dry density, Indicates the latent heat of phase change. When the current temperature is fixed, the value range of T1 is fixed. Combine the enthalpy value at T-temperature and the enthalpy value at T+temperature to determine the heat released or absorbed per unit volume of soil and obtain the thermal conductivity Among them, ρ W represents wet density, and W represents the water content of surrounding rock per unit density.

[0053] In some possible implementations, calculating the heat exchange efficiency between the tunnel and the wall specifically includes:

[0054] Establish control equations, obtain the temperature in the tunnel, and build a heat flow model based on wind speed;

[0055] Based on the law of conservation of energy, the heat conduction equation between the wall and the tunnel is constructed, and the convective heat transfer between the wind flow and the surrounding rock per unit area of ​​the contact wall is calculated to obtain the heat exchange efficiency.

[0056] In some possible implementations, a heat exchange monitoring model is constructed, specifically including: obtaining wind speed and wind direction, predicting the temperature transfer direction according to the wind direction; detecting the medium in the propagation direction, obtaining the thermal conductivity of the medium, where the medium includes air and water, and the air humidity needs to be monitored, and the ratio of the thermal conductivity is obtained according to the humidity ratio, thereby obtaining the current thermal conductivity. Combined with the current heat flow, the temperature of the next space is predicted to obtain a heat exchange monitoring model.

[0057] In some possible implementations, evaluating the heat exchange efficiency specifically includes: constructing an evaluation matrix X i =X 1 ,X 2 ,…X n The heat exchange efficiency is evaluated, and the evaluation matrix is ​​also standardized during the evaluation:

[0058] Monitoring the temperature in the tunnel:

[0059] When the temperature is lower than the set threshold, the heat generation is lower than the heat dissipation, and positive index normalization is performed.

[0060] When the temperature is greater than the set threshold, the heat generation is greater than the heat dissipation, and the inverse index normalization is performed.

[0061] In some possible implementations, optimizing the heat exchange monitoring model specifically includes: obtaining the difference coefficient of the standardized evaluation index The evaluation indexes are weighted according to the coefficient of difference; and the heat exchange monitoring model is optimized according to the weights of the evaluation indexes.

[0062] As a possible implementation method, Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a TBM-based tunnel temperature monitoring system, including a signal acquisition module, a control module, a data processing module, a communication module and a power supply module;

[0063] The signal acquisition module is used to collect wall mining data, temperature and wind speed in the tunnel;

[0064] The control module is used to control the signal acquisition module to collect data and control the data processing module to process data;

[0065] The signal acquisition module transmits the wall mining data to the data processing module through the communication module;

[0066] The data processing module calculates the thermal conductivity of the wall based on the wall mining data;

[0067] Data processing is also used to calculate the heat exchange efficiency between the tunnel interior and the wall based on the thermal conductivity of the wall, the temperature in the tunnel and the wind speed, and to calculate the heat dissipation efficiency based on the temperature in the tunnel and the wind speed, and to build a heat exchange monitoring model;

[0068] Evaluate heat exchange efficiency and optimize heat exchange monitoring model;

[0069] Specifically, the signal acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a wind speed and direction sensor, and a distance sensor installed on the tunneling equipment, and a humidity sensor installed inside the tunnel;

[0070] The control module periodically controls the temperature sensor, wind speed and direction sensor, distance sensor and humidity sensor to monitor and update data according to the movement of the excavation equipment, and transmits the updated data to the data processing module through the communication module.

[0071] As a possible implementation method, this embodiment provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, a method for monitoring a tunnel with an ultra-small cross-section and an ultra-small turning radius is implemented.

[0072] As a possible implementation method, this embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the program is executed by a processor, a method for monitoring a tunnel with an ultra-small cross-section and an ultra-small turning radius is implemented.

[0073] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring a tunnel with an ultra-small cross-section and an ultra-small turning radius, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Obtain the wall mining data of the tunnel inner wall to determine the wall mining area and tunnel volume; Divide the wall mining area into grids and calculate the thermal conductivity of the wall under each grid, including: obtaining the enthalpy of the surrounding rock per unit volume at temperature T1; obtaining the surrounding rock type, determining the surrounding rock density and phase change latent heat; determining the enthalpy value above temperature T1 and the enthalpy value below temperature T1 according to the enthalpy of the surrounding rock per unit volume at temperature T1; combining the enthalpy value at temperature T- and the enthalpy value at temperature T+, determining the heat released or absorbed in the unit volume of soil, and obtaining the thermal conductivity; Determine the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel based on the tunnel volume; Calculate the heat exchange efficiency inside the tunnel and on the wall, calculate the heat dissipation efficiency based on the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel, and build a heat exchange monitoring model; The calculation of the heat exchange efficiency between the tunnel interior and the wall specifically includes: establishing a control equation, obtaining the temperature in the tunnel, and building a heat flow model in combination with the wind speed; building a heat conduction equation between the wall and the tunnel based on the law of conservation of energy, calculating the convective heat exchange between the wind flow and the surrounding rock on the contact wall per unit area, and obtaining the heat exchange efficiency; The construction of the heat exchange monitoring model specifically includes: obtaining wind speed and wind direction, and predicting the temperature transfer direction according to the wind direction; detecting the medium in the propagation direction to obtain the thermal conductivity of the medium; and predicting the temperature of the next space in combination with the current heat flow to obtain the heat exchange monitoring model; An evaluation matrix is ​​constructed to evaluate the heat exchange efficiency. The evaluation also includes standardization of the evaluation matrix: monitoring the temperature in the tunnel: when the temperature is less than the set threshold, the heat generation is less than the heat dissipation, and positive index standardization is performed; when the temperature is greater than the set threshold, the heat generation is greater than the heat dissipation, and negative index standardization is performed; Obtain the difference coefficient of the standardized evaluation index; assign weights to the evaluation index according to the difference coefficient; and optimize the heat exchange monitoring model according to the weights of the evaluation index.

2. An ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel monitoring system, characterized in that: It includes a signal acquisition module, a control module, a data processing module, a communication module and a power supply module; The signal acquisition module is used to collect wall mining data, temperature and wind speed in the tunnel; The control module is used to control the signal acquisition module to collect data and control the data processing module to process data; The signal acquisition module transmits the wall mining data to the data processing module through the communication module; The data processing module calculates the thermal conductivity of the wall surface according to the wall surface mining data; The data processing module is also used to calculate the heat exchange efficiency between the inside of the tunnel and the wall according to the thermal conductivity of the wall, the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel, calculate the heat dissipation efficiency according to the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel, and construct a heat exchange monitoring model; Evaluate the heat exchange efficiency and optimize the heat exchange monitoring model, specifically including the following steps: Obtain the wall mining data of the tunnel inner wall to determine the wall mining area and tunnel volume; Divide the wall mining area into grids and calculate the thermal conductivity of the wall under each grid, including: obtaining the enthalpy of the surrounding rock per unit volume at temperature T1; obtaining the surrounding rock type, determining the surrounding rock density and phase change latent heat; determining the enthalpy value above temperature T1 and the enthalpy value below temperature T1 according to the enthalpy of the surrounding rock per unit volume at temperature T1; combining the enthalpy value at temperature T- and the enthalpy value at temperature T+, determining the heat released or absorbed in the unit volume of soil, and obtaining the thermal conductivity; Determine the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel based on the tunnel volume; Calculate the heat exchange efficiency inside the tunnel and on the wall, calculate the heat dissipation efficiency based on the temperature and wind speed in the tunnel, and build a heat exchange monitoring model; The calculation of the heat exchange efficiency between the tunnel interior and the wall specifically includes: establishing a control equation, obtaining the temperature in the tunnel, and building a heat flow model in combination with the wind speed; building a heat conduction equation between the wall and the tunnel based on the law of conservation of energy, calculating the convective heat exchange between the wind flow and the surrounding rock on the contact wall per unit area, and obtaining the heat exchange efficiency; The construction of the heat exchange monitoring model specifically includes: obtaining wind speed and wind direction, and predicting the temperature transfer direction according to the wind direction; detecting the medium in the propagation direction to obtain the thermal conductivity of the medium; and predicting the temperature of the next space in combination with the current heat flow to obtain the heat exchange monitoring model; An evaluation matrix is ​​constructed to evaluate the heat exchange efficiency. The evaluation also includes standardization of the evaluation matrix: monitoring the temperature in the tunnel: when the temperature is less than the set threshold, the heat generation is less than the heat dissipation, and positive index standardization is performed; when the temperature is greater than the set threshold, the heat generation is greater than the heat dissipation, and negative index standardization is performed; Obtain the difference coefficient of the standardized evaluation index; assign weights to the evaluation index according to the difference coefficient; and optimize the heat exchange monitoring model according to the weights of the evaluation index.

3. The ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel monitoring system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The signal acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a wind speed and direction sensor and a distance sensor installed on the tunneling equipment, and a humidity sensor installed inside the tunnel; The control module periodically controls the temperature sensor, wind speed and direction sensor, distance sensor and humidity sensor to monitor and update data according to the movement of the excavation equipment, and transmits the updated data to the data processing module through the communication module.

4. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the ultra-small section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel monitoring method as described in claim 1 is implemented.

5. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the ultra-small cross-section and ultra-small turning radius tunnel monitoring method as claimed in claim 1 is implemented.

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