A bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver

Abstract

This invention provides a bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver, whose power supply circuit and drive signal generation circuit outputs are connected to an IGBT drive circuit. The microcontroller chip output of the drive signal generation circuit is connected to an optocoupler isolation circuit for the opening signal and an optocoupler isolation circuit for the closing signal. The outputs of the optocoupler isolation circuits for the opening and closing signals are respectively connected to an opening signal shaping circuit and a closing signal shaping circuit. The IGBT drive circuit includes four drive circuits, each including an optocoupler chip, a push-pull circuit, and an IGBT drive circuit connected in sequence. The optocoupler chips at the inputs of the four drive circuits are interlocked. This invention features hardware interlock protection and negative voltage shutdown protection. The bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver manufactured using this invention has advantages such as low cost, high stability, simple manufacturing, and long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bistable permanent magnet switch drive circuit technology, specifically a bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver. Background Technology

[0002] Permanent magnet vacuum circuit breakers have been widely used as an emerging type of switching equipment. They are divided into monostable (single coil) and bistable (double coil) types. This type of switching equipment operates based on electromagnetic principles and requires a dedicated controller (or driver) for control. The quality of the controller directly affects the performance and reliability of the permanent magnet switch. If the controller is damaged or malfunctions, it will lead to the overall failure of the switching equipment, making it impossible to perform closing and opening operations, thereby causing power grid failures and even endangering the safety and stability of the power grid. Therefore, the reliability of the permanent magnet switch controller cannot be ignored, and its reliability and safety need to be emphasized. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver, which has hardware interlock protection, negative voltage shutdown protection, and intelligent controller output control protection, and has the advantages of low cost, high stability, simple manufacturing and long service life.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solution: a bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver, characterized in that it includes a power supply circuit, a drive signal generation circuit, and an IGBT drive circuit, wherein the output terminals of the power supply circuit and the drive signal generation circuit are connected to the IGBT drive circuit.

[0005] The drive signal generation circuit includes a microcontroller chip, an optocoupler isolation circuit for opening signal, an optocoupler isolation circuit for closing signal, an opening signal shaping circuit, and a closing signal shaping circuit. The output terminal of the microcontroller chip is connected to the optocoupler isolation circuit for opening signal and the optocoupler isolation circuit for closing signal. The output terminals of the optocoupler isolation circuit for opening signal and the optocoupler isolation circuit for closing signal are respectively connected to the opening signal shaping circuit and the closing signal shaping circuit. The opening signal shaping circuit and the closing signal shaping circuit output control signals to the IGBT drive circuit.

[0006] The IGBT driving circuit includes four driving circuits: a first driving circuit, a second driving circuit, a third driving circuit, and a fourth driving circuit. Specifically: the first driving circuit includes a first opto-isolator chip, a first push-pull circuit, and a first IGBT driving circuit connected in sequence; the second driving circuit includes a second opto-isolator chip, a second push-pull circuit, and a second IGBT driving circuit connected in sequence; the third driving circuit includes a third opto-isolator chip, a third push-pull circuit, and a third IGBT driving circuit connected in sequence; and the fourth driving circuit includes a fourth opto-isolator chip, a fourth push-pull circuit, and a fourth IGBT driving circuit connected in sequence.

[0007] The output terminals of the first IGBT drive circuit and the second IGBT drive circuit are respectively connected to the positive and negative ends of the pole-mounted switch to form a closing control circuit, and the output terminals of the third IGBT drive circuit and the fourth IGBT drive circuit are respectively connected to the positive and negative ends of the pole-mounted switch to form a opening control circuit.

[0008] The positive input terminals of the first and second opto-isolation chips are both connected to the output terminal of the trip signal shaping circuit; the negative input terminal of the first opto-isolation chip is connected to the positive input terminal of the third opto-isolation chip, and the negative input terminal of the second opto-isolation chip is connected to the positive input terminal of the fourth opto-isolation chip; the positive input terminal of the third opto-isolation chip is connected to the output terminal of the closing signal shaping circuit through a first current-limiting resistor, and the positive input terminal of the fourth opto-isolation chip is connected to the output terminal of the closing signal shaping circuit through a second current-limiting resistor; the negative input terminals of the third and fourth opto-isolation chips are connected together.

[0009] Furthermore, the power supply circuit includes a buck chip and a boost chip. The input terminal of the buck chip is connected to a high-voltage DC power supply circuit, the output terminal of the buck chip is connected to an LC low-pass filter circuit, the output terminal of the LC low-pass filter circuit is connected to the boost chip, and the boost chip outputs a working voltage to the IGBT drive circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the output of the LC low-pass filter circuit is connected to three parallel boost chips to output the operating voltage of the three IGBT drive circuits.

[0011] Furthermore, the output terminal of the step-down chip is also connected to a second step-down chip to output a second operating voltage.

[0012] Furthermore, the microcontroller chip is also connected to a reset chip.

[0013] Furthermore, the first push-pull circuit, the second push-pull circuit, the third push-pull circuit, and the fourth push-pull circuit are push-pull circuits based on NPN transistors and PNP transistors.

[0014] Furthermore, the emitter of the IGBT in the first IGBT driving circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the first Zener diode, the emitter of the IGBT in the third IGBT driving circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the second Zener diode, and the emitter of the IGBT in the fourth IGBT driving circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the third Zener diode. The positive terminals of the first, second, and third Zener diodes are all grounded.

[0015] Furthermore, the opening signal shaping circuit and the closing signal shaping circuit are shaping circuits based on Schmitt triggers.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The IGBT drive circuit of this invention features an interlock function to ensure stable bridge circuit operation and effectively prevent pin malfunctions caused by bridge arm errors. A Zener diode in the IGBT drive circuit provides negative voltage turn-off capability to the IGBT, enabling rapid and effective turn-off. This protects the reliable operation of the driver, prevents incomplete IGBT turn-off from affecting its lifespan, and makes the opening and closing actions more stable.

[0018] 2. This invention features hardware interlock protection and negative pressure shutdown protection. The bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver manufactured using this invention has advantages such as low cost, high stability, simple manufacturing, and long service life. It provides an effective solution for pole-mounted switch drive control in power distribution networks, making power distribution network switching more efficient and reliable, and has high application value. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit for the bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive signal generation circuit for the bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the IGBT drive circuit for the bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the present invention provides a bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver, including a power supply circuit, a drive signal generation circuit, and an IGBT drive circuit, wherein the output terminals of the power supply circuit and the drive signal generation circuit are connected to the IGBT drive circuit.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit includes a buck converter (U1) and a boost converter (2). The input terminal of the buck converter (U1) is connected to the high-voltage DC power supply circuit, and the output terminal (outputting 12V DC voltage) of the buck converter (U1) is connected to the LC low-pass filter circuit (composed of inductors L1 and C3 in the figure). The output terminal of the LC low-pass filter circuit is connected to the boost converter (U2), and the boost converter outputs a 24V DC operating voltage to the IGBT drive circuit. The output terminal of the LC low-pass filter circuit is connected to three parallel boost converters U2, U4, and U6, outputting the 24V operating voltage for the three IGBT drive circuits. Additionally, as... Figure 2 As shown, the output terminal of the step-down chip (U1) is also connected to the second step-down chip (U7) to output a second working voltage of 5V.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the drive signal generation circuit includes a microcontroller chip (U11), an optocoupler isolation circuit for the opening signal (U14), an optocoupler isolation circuit for the closing signal (U12), an opening signal shaping circuit (U15), and a closing signal shaping circuit (U13). The output terminal of the microcontroller chip is connected to the optocoupler isolation circuits for the opening and closing signals. The output terminals of the optocoupler isolation circuits for the opening and closing signals are respectively connected to the opening signal shaping circuit and the closing signal shaping circuit. The opening signal shaping circuit and the closing signal shaping circuit output control signals (opening signals). and closing signal The circuit connects to the IGBT driver circuit, where the opening signal shaping circuit and the closing signal shaping circuit are Schmitt trigger-based shaping circuits. Additionally, the microcontroller chip is connected to a reset chip (U9) to achieve microcontroller reset control.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the IGBT driving circuit includes four driving circuits: a first driving circuit, a second driving circuit, a third driving circuit, and a fourth driving circuit. Specifically: the first driving circuit includes a first opto-isolator chip (U3), a first push-pull circuit (NPN transistor Q1 and PNP transistor Q2), and a first IGBT driving circuit (Q3) connected in sequence; the second driving circuit includes a second opto-isolator chip (U5), a second push-pull circuit (NPN transistor Q5 and PNP transistor Q6), and a second IGBT driving circuit (Q4) connected in sequence; the third driving circuit includes a third opto-isolator chip (U8), a third push-pull circuit (NPN transistor Q7 and PNP transistor Q8), and a third IGBT driving circuit (Q9) connected in sequence; and the fourth driving circuit includes a fourth opto-isolator chip (U10), a fourth push-pull circuit (NPN transistor Q11 and PNP transistor Q12), and a fourth IGBT driving circuit (Q10) connected in sequence.

[0027] The output terminals of the first and second IGBT drive circuits (corresponding to HZ+ and HZ- in the figure) are connected to the positive and negative ends of the pole-mounted switch to form a closing control circuit, and the output terminals of the third and fourth IGBT drive circuits (corresponding to FZ+ and FZ- in the figure) are connected to the positive and negative ends of the pole-mounted switch to form a opening control circuit. Essentially, the current flow of the drive circuits flows in opposite directions in the pole-mounted switch to control the closing and opening of the pole-mounted switch.

[0028] Secondly, the interlocking connection of U3, U5, U8, and U10 involves connecting the positive input terminals of the first and second opto-isolation chips to the output terminal of the trip signal shaping circuit; connecting the negative input terminal of the first opto-isolation chip to the positive input terminal of the third opto-isolation chip, and connecting the negative input terminal of the second opto-isolation chip to the positive input terminal of the fourth opto-isolation chip; connecting the positive input terminal of the third opto-isolation chip to the output terminal of the closing signal shaping circuit via the first current-limiting resistor (R12), and connecting the positive input terminal of the fourth opto-isolation chip to the output terminal of the closing signal shaping circuit via the second current-limiting resistor (R14); and connecting the negative input terminals of the third and fourth opto-isolation chips together.

[0029] In addition, the emitter of IGBT (Q3) in the first IGBT driving circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the first Zener diode (D3), the emitter of IGBT (Q9) in the third IGBT driving circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the second Zener diode (D6), and the emitter of IGBT (Q10) in the fourth IGBT driving circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the third Zener diode (D8). The positive terminals of the first, second, and third Zener diodes are all grounded.

[0030] The working principle of this invention is:

[0031] The operating power supply is provided by a DC high-voltage power supply circuit, which steps down the voltage to 12V via the U1 power module, and then further stepps down to 5V via U7. The driver circuit's DC 24V operating power supply is obtained from a 12V DC source via U2, U4, and U6. The driver's control signal is calculated by the intelligent control logic program built into the U11 microcontroller chip. One closing signal is isolated by the U12 optocoupler, then shaped by U13, and finally output to the IGBT driver control circuit. The other tripping signal is isolated by optocoupler U14, then shaped by signal shaping via U15, and finally output to the IGBT drive control circuit. The reset control of signal U11 is implemented by the U9 reset chip.

[0032] The IGBT drive circuit consists of a dual-bridge drive circuit composed of four IGBTs: Q3, Q4, Q9, and Q10. A push-pull circuit formed by Q1 and Q2 controls the opening and closing of Q3. Similarly, Q5 and Q6 control Q4, Q7 and Q8 control Q9, and Q11 and Q12 control Q10. When Q3 and Q4 are open, a closing action is performed. The closing current flows from DC+ through Q3 to the positive terminal of the pole-mounted switch coil (the current direction at this time causes the pole-mounted switch to close), and then flows through Q4 to the DC- terminal. When Q9 and Q10 are open, Q3 and Q4 automatically close. The current flows through Q9 to the negative terminal of the pole-mounted switch (the current direction at this time causes the pole-mounted switch to open), and then flows back through Q10 to the DC- terminal, achieving the opening action.

[0033] Secondly, the interlocking function of U3, U5, U8, and U10 in this invention ensures stable bridge operation of the IGBT dual-bridge automatic switching protection driver, effectively avoiding pin problems caused by bridge arm malfunctions. D3, D6, and D8 in the IGBT drive circuit provide negative voltage turn-off capability for the IGBT, enabling rapid and effective turn-off, thus protecting the reliable operation of the driver and preventing lifespan issues caused by incomplete IGBT turn-off. This makes the opening and closing actions more stable. This invention features hardware interlocking protection, negative voltage turn-off protection, and output control protection. The bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver manufactured using this invention has advantages such as low cost, high stability, simple manufacturing, and long service life, providing an effective solution for pole-mounted switch drive control in distribution networks, making power grid switching more efficient and reliable. It has high application value.

[0034] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver, characterized in that, It includes a power supply circuit, a drive signal generation circuit, and an IGBT drive circuit, wherein the output terminals of the power supply circuit and the drive signal generation circuit are connected to the IGBT drive circuit. The drive signal generation circuit includes a microcontroller chip, an optocoupler isolation circuit for opening signal, an optocoupler isolation circuit for closing signal, an opening signal shaping circuit, and a closing signal shaping circuit. The output terminal of the microcontroller chip is connected to the optocoupler isolation circuit for opening signal and the optocoupler isolation circuit for closing signal. The output terminals of the optocoupler isolation circuit for opening signal and the optocoupler isolation circuit for closing signal are respectively connected to the opening signal shaping circuit and the closing signal shaping circuit. The opening signal shaping circuit and the closing signal shaping circuit output control signals to the IGBT drive circuit. The IGBT driving circuit includes four driving circuits: a first driving circuit, a second driving circuit, a third driving circuit, and a fourth driving circuit. Specifically: the first driving circuit includes a first opto-isolator chip, a first push-pull circuit, and a first IGBT driving circuit connected in sequence; the second driving circuit includes a second opto-isolator chip, a second push-pull circuit, and a second IGBT driving circuit connected in sequence; the third driving circuit includes a third opto-isolator chip, a third push-pull circuit, and a third IGBT driving circuit connected in sequence; and the fourth driving circuit includes a fourth opto-isolator chip, a fourth push-pull circuit, and a fourth IGBT driving circuit connected in sequence. The output terminals of the first IGBT drive circuit and the second IGBT drive circuit are respectively connected to the positive and negative ends of the pole-mounted switch to form a closing control circuit, and the output terminals of the third IGBT drive circuit and the fourth IGBT drive circuit are respectively connected to the positive and negative ends of the pole-mounted switch to form a opening control circuit. The positive input terminals of the first and second opto-isolation chips are both connected to the output terminal of the trip signal shaping circuit; the negative input terminal of the first opto-isolation chip is connected to the positive input terminal of the third opto-isolation chip, and the negative input terminal of the second opto-isolation chip is connected to the positive input terminal of the fourth opto-isolation chip; the positive input terminal of the third opto-isolation chip is connected to the output terminal of the closing signal shaping circuit through a first current-limiting resistor, and the positive input terminal of the fourth opto-isolation chip is connected to the output terminal of the closing signal shaping circuit through a second current-limiting resistor; the negative input terminals of the third and fourth opto-isolation chips are connected together.

2. The bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit includes a buck chip and a boost chip. The input terminal of the buck chip is connected to a high-voltage DC power supply circuit, the output terminal of the buck chip is connected to an LC low-pass filter circuit, the output terminal of the LC low-pass filter circuit is connected to the boost chip, and the boost chip outputs the operating voltage to the IGBT drive circuit.

3. The bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver according to claim 2, characterized in that, The output of the LC low-pass filter circuit is connected to three parallel boost chips to output the operating voltage of the three IGBT drive circuits.

4. The bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver according to claim 2, characterized in that, The output terminal of the step-down chip is also connected to a second step-down chip to output a second operating voltage.

5. The bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller chip is also connected to a reset chip.

6. The bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first push-pull circuit, the second push-pull circuit, the third push-pull circuit, and the fourth push-pull circuit are push-pull circuits based on NPN transistors and PNP transistors.

7. The bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emitter of the IGBT in the first IGBT driving circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the first Zener diode, the emitter of the IGBT in the third IGBT driving circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the second Zener diode, and the emitter of the IGBT in the fourth IGBT driving circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the third Zener diode. The positive terminals of the first, second, and third Zener diodes are all grounded.

8. The bistable intelligent permanent magnet switch driver according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening signal shaping circuit and the closing signal shaping circuit are shaping circuits based on Schmitt triggers.

Images