Highly insulating and impact resistant braided material and method of making and use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high heat-insulating impact-resistant braided materials and preparation method and application thereof.The braided material is composed of Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fiber, polyimide fiber and nickel-based superalloy filament with mass ratio of 55-60:10-15:20-25;The molar ratio of Al2O3 and YTaO4 in the Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fiber is 1-2:8-9.The preparation method is to obtain high heat-insulating impact-resistant braided material by blending spinning Al2O3-YTaO4 fiber, polyimide fiber and nickel-based superalloy filament.The application of the high heat-insulating impact-resistant braided material is in the preparation of tire protection cover for missile launcher, specifically, the high heat-insulating impact-resistant braided material is prepared into a braided body in the shape of missile launcher tire.The braided material provided by the application has excellent tensile strength and impact resistance, and can be applied to the preparation of tire protection cover for missile launcher.In addition, the braided material preparation process is simple, and the ceramic fiber is added, which has the advantages of folding and convenient carrying.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of composite material technology, specifically relating to a high heat insulation and impact resistance woven material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Ceramic fibers have broad application potential under high-temperature conditions; however, the high-temperature resistance of traditional ceramic fibers has certain limitations. Traditional ceramic fibers are typically made of materials such as alumina and silicates. While they exhibit good performance at normal temperatures, they suffer significant thermal expansion, crystallization phase transformation, and oxidation losses at high temperatures, leading to a substantial decrease in their strength, toughness, and tensile properties. In extreme environments, traditional ceramic fibers struggle to meet the high-temperature application requirements of missile launch plumes.

[0003] To address the damage to tires caused by the thermal shock of missile launches, this invention aims to provide a high-heat-insulating and impact-resistant woven material and its preparation method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first objective of this invention is to provide a high heat insulation and impact resistance woven material, and the second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the high heat insulation and impact resistance woven material and its application.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is achieved by providing a high heat-insulating and impact-resistant woven material, which is composed of Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fibers, polyimide fibers and nickel-based high-temperature alloy filaments in a mass ratio of 60:15:25.

[0006] The molar ratio of Al2O3 to YTaO4 in the Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fiber is 1-2:8-9.

[0007] The second objective of this invention is achieved by the following method: the high heat insulation and impact resistance woven material is prepared by blending Al2O3-YTaO4 fibers, polyimide fibers and nickel-based high-temperature alloy filaments to obtain the high heat insulation and impact resistance woven material.

[0008] The application of the high heat insulation and impact resistance braided material is in the preparation of tire protective covers for missile launch vehicles. Specifically, the high heat insulation and impact resistance braided material is prepared into a braided body in the shape of a missile launch vehicle tire.

[0009] The weaving material provided by this invention uses Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fibers, polyimide fibers, and nickel-based high-temperature alloy filaments as the base materials.

[0010] The raw material, by adding Al2O3-YTaO4, possesses extremely low thermal conductivity. Combined with the high toughness of polyimide and nickel-based superalloy filaments, it exhibits excellent tensile strength and impact resistance, making it suitable for the fabrication of protective covers for missile launcher tires. Furthermore, the woven material of this invention has a simple preparation process, and the addition of ceramic fibers provides advantages such as foldability and portability. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 Thermal conductivity diagrams of the braided fabrics prepared in Examples 1-4 of this invention;

[0012] Figure 2 The temperature rise curve of the woven material prepared in Example 4 of the present invention under thermal shock was simulated using an oxyhydrogen flame torch. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The present invention will be further described below, but this is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any modifications made based on the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] This invention provides a high heat insulation and impact resistant woven material, which is composed of Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fibers, polyimide fibers and nickel-based high-temperature alloy filaments in a mass ratio of 60:15:25;

[0015] The molar ratio of Al2O3 to YTaO4 in the Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fiber is 1-2:8-9.

[0016] The mass ratio of Ni, Cr and Mo in nickel-based superalloy wire is 33-35:19-20:9.

[0017] The Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fiber is prepared by mixing a metal source, spinning aid, and spinning solvent in a mass ratio of 2-2.5:15-28:1 with magnetic stirring for 4-5 hours to prepare a precursor solution. After preparing the fiber by electrospinning, it is sintered in a box furnace to obtain the final product.

[0018] The metal source is composed of tantalum chloride, anhydrous aluminum trichloride, and anhydrous yttrium nitrate in a molar ratio of Al, Y, and Ta of 1:1.9-3.1:1.9-3.1.

[0019] The Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fiber has a diameter of approximately 760 nm.

[0020] The sintering conditions are as follows: in an air atmosphere, the temperature is raised to 1200℃ at a rate of 4-5℃ / min, and then raised to 1350-1400℃ at a rate of 1.0-2.5℃ / min, and held for 4-5 hours.

[0021] The spinning solvent is a mixture of anhydrous ethanol, acetone and dimethyl sulfoxide in a mass ratio of 1:1.2-1.5:0.4-0.7.

[0022] The spinning aid is polyacrylamide.

[0023] The nickel-based high-temperature alloy filament is model GH3128, and the filament diameter is 0.3~0.5mm.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the high heat insulation and impact resistance woven material, wherein the method comprises blending Al2O3-YTaO4 fibers, polyimide fibers and nickel-based high temperature alloy filaments to obtain the high heat insulation and impact resistance woven material.

[0025] The present invention further provides the application of the high heat insulation and impact resistance woven material, specifically its application in the preparation of tire protective covers for missile launch vehicles. The method is to prepare the high heat insulation and impact resistance woven material into a woven body in the shape of a missile launch vehicle tire.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A precursor solution was prepared by mixing 60g of a mixture of tantalum chloride, anhydrous aluminum trichloride, and anhydrous yttrium nitrate in an elemental molar ratio of Al:Y:Ta = 1:2:2, adding 750g of a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:0.5, and 30g of polyacrylamide. The mixture was stirred magnetically at 300 rpm for 5 hours. Precursor fibers were then prepared by electrospinning the precursor solution using an electrospinning method with a voltage of 15 kV, a feed rate of 1 ml / h, and a receiving distance of 15 cm. After fiber preparation, sintering was performed in a box furnace at 1400℃ for 5 hours. The high-temperature sintering heating rate was 5℃ / min (<1200℃) and 1.5℃ / min (>1200℃), with air as the high-temperature treatment atmosphere. Al₂O₃-YTaO₄ ceramic fibers with a diameter of approximately 760 nm were obtained.

[0028] 60g of Al2O3-YTaO4 fiber, 15g of polyimide fiber and 25g of nickel-based high-temperature alloy filament GH3128 were spun into yarn to obtain a braided material. Finally, the yarn was prepared into a braided body in the shape of a missile launcher tire, with a filament diameter of 0.3~0.5mm.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] The difference from Example 1 is that the molar ratio of the elements Al:Y:Ta is 1:2.36:2.36.

[0031] Example 3

[0032] The difference from Example 1 is that the molar ratio of the elements Al:Y:Ta is 1:2.83:2.83.

[0033] Example 4

[0034] The difference from Example 1 is that the molar ratio of the elements Al:Y:Ta is 1:2.94:2.94.

[0035] Example 5

[0036] The difference from Example 1 is that 55g of Al2O3-YTaO4 fiber, 12g of polyimide fiber and 20g of nickel-based high-temperature alloy filament GH3128 are woven into yarn to obtain the woven material.

[0037] Example 6

[0038] The difference from Example 1 is that 55g of Al2O3-YTaO4 fiber, 10g of polyimide fiber and 20g of nickel-based high-temperature alloy filament GH3128 are woven into yarn to obtain the woven material.

[0039] Example 7

[0040] The difference from Example 1 is that 58g of Al2O3-YTaO4 fiber, 14g of polyimide fiber and 24g of nickel-based high-temperature alloy filament GH3128 are woven into yarn to obtain the woven material.

[0041] Example 8

[0042] The difference from Example 1 is that 58g of Al2O3-YTaO4 fiber, 14g of polyimide fiber and 24g of nickel-based high-temperature alloy filament GH3128 are woven into yarn to obtain the woven material.

[0043] Example 9

[0044] The difference from Example 1 is that 720g of a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol, acetone and dimethyl sulfoxide in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:0.5 and 30g of polyacrylamide were added, and the ratio of metal source, spinning aid and spinning solvent was 2:24:1.

[0045] Example 10

[0046] The difference from Example 1 is that 600g of a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol, acetone and dimethyl sulfoxide in a mass ratio of 1:1.2:0.5 and 30g of polyacrylamide were added, and the ratio of metal source, spinning aid and spinning solvent was 2:20:1.

[0047] Example 11

[0048] The difference from Example 1 is that 700g of a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol, acetone and dimethyl sulfoxide in a mass ratio of 1:1.2:0.7 and 30g of polyacrylamide were added, and the ratio of metal source, spinning aid and spinning solvent was 2:23.3:1.

[0049] Example 12

[0050] The difference from Example 1 is that 700g of a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol, acetone and dimethyl sulfoxide in a mass ratio of 1:1.2:0.7 and 25g of polyacrylamide were added, and the ratio of metal source, spinning aid and spinning solvent was 2.4:28:1.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] The difference from Example 1 is that the molar ratio of the elements Al:Y:Ta is 1:0.5:0.5.

[0053] Comparative Example 2

[0054] The difference from Example 1 is that the molar ratio of the elements Al:Y:Ta = 1:0.125:0.125.

[0055] Comparative Example 3

[0056] The difference from Example 1 is that the molar ratio of elements Al:Y:Ta = 1:0.055:0.055.

[0057] Comparative Example 4

[0058] The difference from Example 1 is that the molar ratio of elements Al:Y:Ta = 1:0:0.

[0059] Comparative Example 5

[0060] The difference from Example 1 is that the molar ratio of elements Al:Y:Ta = 0:1:1.

[0061] Comparative Example 6

[0062] The difference from Example 1 is that Al2O3-YTaO4 fiber, polyimide fiber and nickel-based high-temperature alloy filament are spun into yarn, wherein the weight percentages of Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fiber, polyimide fiber and nickel-based high-temperature alloy filament are 70.5%, 0% and 29.5%, respectively.

[0063] Comparative Example 7

[0064] The difference from Example 1 is that Al2O3-YTaO4 fibers, polyimide fibers and nickel-based superalloy filaments are spun into yarn, wherein the weight percentages of Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fibers, polyimide fibers and nickel-based superalloy filaments are 80%, 20% and 0%, respectively.

[0065] Comparative Example 8

[0066] A precursor solution was prepared by mixing 60g of a mixture of tantalum chloride and anhydrous yttrium nitrate in an elemental molar ratio of Y:Ta = 1:1, adding 750g of a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide in a volume ratio of 1:1.5:0.5, and 30g of polyacrylamide. The mixture was stirred magnetically at 300 rpm for 5 hours. Precursor fibers were then prepared by electrospinning the precursor solution using an electrospinning method with a voltage of 15 kV, a feed rate of 1 ml / h, and a receiving distance of 15 cm. After fiber preparation, sintering was performed in a box furnace at 1400℃ for 5 hours. The high-temperature sintering heating rate was 5℃ / min (<1200℃) and 1.5℃ / min (>1200℃), with air as the high-temperature treatment atmosphere. Al₂O₃-YTaO₄ ceramic fibers with a diameter of approximately 2.3 μm were obtained.

[0067] Comparative Example 9

[0068] The difference from Example 1 is that the molar ratio of the elements Al:Y:Ta is 1:3.5:3.5.

[0069] Detection Example 1

[0070] The tensile properties of the woven materials prepared in Examples 1-4, Comparative Examples 1-7, and Comparative Example 9, as well as the Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fiber prepared in Comparative Example 8, were tested using a fiber tensile strength and elongation tester. To mitigate the impact of edge strain or defects on test accuracy, the width / thickness ratio was ensured to be greater than 8. Before testing, the woven fabric was cut into thin strips of 0.15cm x 1.5cm (width x length). The width of the fiber membrane was measured using vernier calipers. During testing, the thin strip samples were vertically clamped in the fixture of the tensile strength and elongation tester at a clamping distance of 5mm, and stretched longitudinally along the length of the sample at a stretching speed of 1mm / min. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0071] Detection Example 2

[0072] The thermal conductivity of the braids prepared in Examples 1-5, Comparative Examples 1-7, and Comparative Example 9, as well as the Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fiber prepared in Comparative Example 8, was tested using a thermal conductivity meter. The thermal conductivity meter was used with a fiber support. The temperature range was 0-900℃, and the heating rate was 0.5 K / min. The results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0073] surface Tensile property data

[0074]

[0075] Results Analysis: Tire protective covers require low thermal conductivity and high tensile strength, and need to combine... Figure 1 And a comprehensive analysis as shown in Table 1. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the woven materials prepared in Examples 1-4 all exhibit low thermal conductivity. Table 1 shows that the tensile strength of the woven materials prepared in Examples 1-4 is in the range of 180-200 MPa. Example 1 demonstrates excellent tensile strength, higher than Comparative Examples 1-5 and 7-9, but lower than Comparative Example 6. Although the comparative examples have better tensile strength, their high thermal conductivity does not meet practical application requirements. Comparative Example 8 uses Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fiber, which has low thermal conductivity but low tensile strength, indicating that the spinning process can significantly improve the overall tensile strength of the woven material, while Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fiber can significantly reduce the thermal conductivity of the woven body. Combining these two methods can yield a woven material that meets high thermal insulation and impact resistance requirements under extreme environments.

[0076] Detection Example 3

[0077] The braided material prepared in Example 4, which has low thermal conductivity, was selected for simulated thermal shock testing. Figure 2 As shown, the braided material prepared in Example 4 was braided into a cylindrical shape and subjected to flame impact through a hydrogen-oxygen liquid spray gun. The outer flame temperature was approximately 1500°C, and the outer and inner wall temperatures were recorded during the impact process.

[0078] Result: As Figure 2 As shown, the woven material prepared in Example 4, under thermal shock at a flame temperature of 1400°C, had a temperature below 200°C within 60 seconds, and the inner wall temperature remained below 220°C after 120 seconds of testing, indicating that the woven material prepared in Example 4 has high thermal insulation and impact resistance.

[0079] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly heat-insulating and impact-resistant woven material, characterized in that, The raw materials are Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fibers, polyimide fibers, and nickel-based high-temperature alloy filaments in a mass ratio of 55~60:10~15:20~25, which are then blended and spun to obtain a highly heat-insulating and impact-resistant woven material. The molar ratio of Al2O3 to YTaO4 in the Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fibers is 1~2:8~9. The preparation method involves magnetically mixing a metal source, spinning aid, and spinning solvent in a mass ratio of 2~2.5:15~28:1 for 4~5 hours to form a... The precursor solution is prepared into fibers by electrospinning, and then sintered in a box furnace to obtain the final product. The metal source is composed of anhydrous aluminum trichloride, anhydrous yttrium nitrate, and tantalum chloride in a molar ratio of Al, Y, and Ta of 1:1.9~3.1:1.9~3.

1. The Al2O3-YTaO4 ceramic fiber has a diameter of 760 nm. The spinning solvent is a mixture of anhydrous ethanol, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide in a mass ratio of 1:1.2~1.5:0.4~0.

7. The spinning aid is polyacrylamide.

2. The high heat insulation and impact-resistant woven material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sintering conditions are as follows: in an air atmosphere, the temperature is raised to 1200℃ at a rate of 4~5℃ / min, and then raised to 1350~1400℃ at a rate of 1.0~2.5℃ / min, and held for 4~5 hours.

3. The high heat insulation and impact-resistant woven material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nickel-based superalloy filament has a Ni, Cr and Mo mass ratio of 33~35:19~20:9 and a diameter of 0.3~0.5 mm.

4. The high heat insulation and impact-resistant woven material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nickel-based high-temperature alloy filament is model GH3128.

5. The application of the high heat insulation and impact resistance woven material of claim 1 in the manufacture of tire protective covers for missile launch vehicles, characterized in that, The high heat insulation and impact resistance woven material is prepared into a woven body in the shape of a missile launch vehicle tire.

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