A cultivation method for increasing the alliin content of garlic and its application

Abstract

This invention relates to a cultivation method for increasing the alliin content of garlic and its application, belonging to the field of vegetable cultivation technology. The invention provides a cultivation method for increasing the alliin content of garlic, comprising the following steps: (1) applying potassium sulfate aqueous solution during the garlic seedling stage; (2) applying potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution and cysteine ​​aqueous solution during the garlic growth stage; (3) manually removing all flower stalks during the garlic bolting stage, and simultaneously spraying paclobutrazol aqueous solution on the leaves; (4) applying potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution and valine aqueous solution during the garlic bulb enlargement stage; (5) spraying cold water onto the leaves before harvesting the garlic bulbs until water droplets remain on the leaves. The cultivation method of this invention is simple to operate, easy to learn and master, and has low input costs. Using this cultivation method to grow garlic can significantly increase the alliin content in garlic, resulting in garlic with an alliin content of 1.24% to 1.34%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vegetable cultivation technology, and in particular to a cultivation method for increasing the alliin content of garlic and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Garlic is one of my country's important vegetables used both as food and medicine. Its delicious flavor, unique pungent aroma, and rich nutritional value have made it a staple vegetable in people's daily lives. In ancient my country, garlic was cultivated as a medicinal plant, possessing various functions such as promoting digestion, increasing appetite, relieving bloating, detoxifying, killing parasites, and preventing epidemics. Modern medical research has found that garlic also has health benefits such as improving metabolism, preventing and fighting cancer, lowering blood sugar and cholesterol, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, preventing cardiovascular diseases, and improving immune regulation. Allicin, a unique and important functional component of garlic, has received considerable attention. In foreign countries, allicin products rank first among health supplements such as ginseng and ginkgo. However, allicin itself is not present in garlic. When cells are damaged, alliinase catalyzes the production of alliin from the substrate alliin. Alliin is a unique non-protein sulfur-containing amino acid in garlic and is its main functional component. It possesses various pharmacological effects such as anti-tumor, blood pressure lowering, antibacterial and antiviral properties, free radical scavenging, liver protection, and anti-diabetic effects, earning it the title of "plant gold." In garlic, alliin is mainly synthesized through the glutathione pathway. With increasing attention being paid to plant-based health foods and their key active ingredients, the extraction of more natural allicin from garlic for the development of health foods and pharmaceuticals has become a key focus of garlic functional component research. Alliin, as a substrate for allicin synthesis, is a particular research focus. The alliin content of garlic varies depending on the region of cultivation. Currently, the alliin content of garlic grown in North my country is generally between 0.80% and 1.00%, far from meeting the urgent demand of the pharmaceutical and health industry for garlic with high alliin content. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a garlic cultivation technique with high alliin content to effectively increase the alliin content and provide an important material basis for allicin extraction.

[0003] Based on this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cultivation method and its application for increasing the alliin content of garlic, in order to solve the problem of low alliin content in garlic cultivated in North China in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a cultivation method for increasing the alliin content of garlic, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) During the garlic seedling stage, apply potassium sulfate solution every 2-4 weeks, for 5-7 times.

[0008] (2) During the garlic growing season, apply potassium magnesium sulfate solution and cysteine ​​solution every 8 to 12 days, 2 to 4 times;

[0009] (3) During the bolting stage of garlic, all flower stalks are removed manually, and paclobutrazol solution is sprayed on the leaves 1-2 times.

[0010] (4) During the garlic stalk enlargement period, apply potassium magnesium sulfate solution and valine solution every 8 to 12 days, for 4 to 6 times.

[0011] (5) Spray cold water on the leaves every week for 1 to 3 weeks before the garlic harvest until water droplets are left on the leaves.

[0012] Preferably, the concentration of the potassium sulfate aqueous solution in step (1) is 0.05-0.15 wt%, and the amount of the potassium sulfate aqueous solution applied each time is 9-11 kg / mu.

[0013] Preferably, the concentration of the potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution in step (2) is 0.1-0.3 wt%, and the amount of the potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution applied each time is 4-6 kg / mu;

[0014] The concentration of the cysteine ​​aqueous solution is 0.05-0.15 wt%, and the amount of the cysteine ​​aqueous solution applied each time is 4-6 kg / mu.

[0015] Preferably, the concentration of the paclobutrazol aqueous solution in step (3) is 0.05-0.15 wt%, and the amount of the paclobutrazol aqueous solution applied each time is 49-51 kg / mu.

[0016] Preferably, the concentration of the potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution in step (4) is 0.3-0.5 wt%, and the amount of the potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution applied each time is 9-11 kg / mu.

[0017] Preferably, the concentration of the valine aqueous solution in step (4) is 0.05-0.15 wt%, and the amount of the valine aqueous solution applied each time is 4-6 kg / mu.

[0018] Preferably, the application of potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution and valine aqueous solution in step (4) is performed independently at 7-10 am or 4-6 pm.

[0019] Preferably, the temperature of the cold water in step (5) is 3-5°C;

[0020] The time for spraying cold water is between 5 and 6 p.m.

[0021] The present invention also provides garlic cultivated by the cultivation method described above, wherein the alliin content in the garlic is 1.24% to 1.34%.

[0022] The present invention also provides the application of the cultivation method described herein in the cultivation of garlic with high allicin content.

[0023] The present invention has the following technical effects and advantages:

[0024] In garlic, alliin is mainly synthesized via the glutathione pathway, with methacrylic acid serving as an intermediate in its synthesis. This invention enhances the alliin synthesis pathway in plants by exogenously adding the intermediates cysteine ​​and valine, thereby increasing the amount of alliin synthesized and its accumulation in the bulbs. During the garlic bolting stage, the flower stalks are artificially removed to prevent nutrient diversion to them, preserving nutrients in the leaves for the synthesis of amino acids and sugars, further increasing alliin synthesis and accumulation in the garlic bulbs. Spraying cold water on the leaves before harvesting accelerates the return of alliin and other nutrients synthesized in the leaves from the bulbs to the roots, thus increasing the alliin content in the garlic bulbs.

[0025] The method of this invention for cultivating garlic can significantly increase the alliin content in garlic from North China, with the obtained garlic having an alliin content of 1.24% to 1.34%. It can be used as a special raw material for extracting allicin, thereby improving the economic benefits of garlic. The cultivation method of this invention is also characterized by its simple operation, ease of learning and mastery, and low input cost. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This invention provides a cultivation method for increasing the alliin content of garlic, comprising the following steps:

[0027] (1) During the garlic seedling stage, apply potassium sulfate solution every 2 to 4 weeks, preferably 3 weeks, for 5 to 7 times, preferably 6 times.

[0028] (2) During the garlic growing season, apply potassium magnesium sulfate solution and cysteine ​​solution every 8 to 12 days, preferably 10 days, for 2 to 4 times, preferably 3 times.

[0029] (3) During the garlic bolting stage, all flower stalks are removed manually, and paclobutrazol solution is sprayed on the leaves 1-2 times, preferably once;

[0030] (4) During the garlic stalk enlargement period, apply potassium magnesium sulfate solution and valine solution every 8 to 12 days, preferably 10 days, for 4 to 6 times, preferably 5 times.

[0031] (5) Spray cold water on the leaves every week for 1 to 3 weeks before garlic harvest, preferably 2 weeks, until water droplets are left on the leaves.

[0032] In this invention, the concentration of the potassium sulfate aqueous solution in step (1) is 0.05-0.15 wt%, preferably 0.1 wt%, and the amount of the potassium sulfate aqueous solution applied each time is 9-11 kg / mu, preferably 10 kg / mu.

[0033] In this invention, the concentration of the potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution in step (2) is 0.1-0.3 wt%, preferably 0.2 wt%, and the amount of the potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution applied each time is 4-6 kg / mu, preferably 5 kg / mu;

[0034] The concentration of the cysteine ​​aqueous solution is 0.05-0.15 wt%, preferably 0.1 wt%, and the amount of the cysteine ​​aqueous solution applied each time is 4-6 kg / mu, preferably 5 kg / mu.

[0035] In this invention, the concentration of the paclobutrazol aqueous solution in step (3) is 0.05-0.15 wt%, preferably 0.1 wt%, and the amount of the paclobutrazol aqueous solution applied each time is 49-51 kg / mu, preferably 50 kg / mu.

[0036] In this invention, the concentration of the potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution in step (4) is 0.3-0.5 wt%, preferably 0.4 wt%, and the amount of the potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution applied each time is 9-11 kg / mu, preferably 10 kg / mu.

[0037] In this invention, the concentration of the valine aqueous solution in step (4) is 0.05-0.15 wt%, preferably 0.1 wt%, and the amount of the valine aqueous solution applied each time is 4-6 kg / mu, preferably 5 kg / mu.

[0038] In this invention, the application of potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution and valine aqueous solution in step (4) is performed independently at 7-10 am or 4-6 pm, preferably at 8 am or 5 pm.

[0039] In this invention, the temperature of the cold water in step (5) is 3-5°C, preferably 4°C;

[0040] The time for spraying cold water is between 5 and 6 p.m., preferably 5 p.m.

[0041] The present invention also provides garlic cultivated in North China using the cultivation method described above, wherein the alliin content of the garlic is 1.24% to 1.34%.

[0042] The present invention also provides the application of the cultivation method described herein in the cultivation of garlic with high allicin content.

[0043] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] All embodiments and comparative examples in this invention were planted in Qixian County, Henan Province, using an integrated water and fertilizer system for garlic cultivation. The potassium sulfate in the embodiments was purchased from "Shuhaoda" potassium sulfate solid granular compound fertilizer produced by Henan Xinlianxin Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd.; potassium magnesium sulfate was purchased from "Haifa·Potassium Magnesium Sulfate Fertilizer" produced by Haifa Chemical Industries, Israel; cysteine ​​was L-cysteine, purchased from Henan Longmai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and was a white crystalline powder; valine was L-valine, purchased from Henan Dechen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and was a white powder; paclobutrazol was purchased from Wuhan Smike Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and was a solid powder. The aqueous solutions of each component were prepared using conventional methods.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] 1. When garlic seedlings have grown to 5 leaves and 1 heart, apply a 0.1wt% potassium sulfate solution every 3 weeks using an integrated water and fertilizer system. The amount of potassium sulfate solution applied each time is 10 kg / mu, for a total of 6 applications.

[0047] 2. Once the seedlings enter the rapid growth period, use the integrated water and fertilizer system to apply a 0.2wt% potassium magnesium sulfate solution and a 0.1wt% cysteine ​​solution every 10 days. The application rate of potassium magnesium sulfate solution and cysteine ​​solution is 5 kg / mu each time, for a total of 3 applications.

[0048] 3. During the bolting stage of garlic plants, remove the flower stalks manually, and then spray the leaves once with a 0.1wt% paclobutrazol solution at a rate of 50 kg / mu.

[0049] 4. During the bulb enlargement stage of garlic plants, apply a 0.4wt% potassium magnesium sulfate solution and a 0.1wt% valine solution every 10 days at 9:00 AM using an integrated water and fertilizer system. The application rate of potassium magnesium sulfate solution is 10 kg / mu, and the application rate of valine solution is 5 kg / mu.

[0050] 5. Two weeks before the garlic harvest, spray the leaves with 4°C cold water once every week at 6 pm until water droplets drip from the leaves.

[0051] 6. Harvest garlic.

[0052] The alliin content in garlic was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the average alliin content of garlic cultivated using this method was 1.30%.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] 1. When garlic seedlings have grown to 5 leaves and 1 heart, apply a 0.05wt% potassium sulfate solution every 3 weeks using an integrated water and fertilizer system. The amount of potassium sulfate solution applied each time is 9 kg / mu, for a total of 6 applications.

[0055] 2. Once the seedlings enter the rapid growth period, use the integrated water and fertilizer system to apply a 0.1wt% potassium magnesium sulfate solution and a 0.05wt% cysteine ​​solution every 10 days. The application rate of potassium magnesium sulfate solution and cysteine ​​solution is 4 kg / mu each time, for a total of 3 applications.

[0056] 3. During the bolting stage of garlic plants, remove the flower stalks manually, and then spray the leaves once with a 0.05wt% paclobutrazol solution at a rate of 49 kg / mu.

[0057] 4. During the bulb enlargement stage of garlic plants, apply a 0.3wt% potassium magnesium sulfate solution and a 0.05wt% valine solution every 10 days at 9:00 AM using an integrated water and fertilizer system. The application rate of the potassium magnesium sulfate solution is 9 kg / mu, and the application rate of the valine solution is 4 kg / mu.

[0058] 5. Two weeks before the garlic harvest, spray the leaves with 3°C cold water once every week at 6 pm until water droplets drip from the leaves.

[0059] 6. Harvest garlic.

[0060] The alliin content in garlic was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the average alliin content of garlic cultivated using this method was 1.24%.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] 1. When garlic seedlings have grown to 5 leaves and 1 heart, apply a 0.15wt% potassium sulfate solution every 3 weeks using an integrated water and fertilizer system. The amount of potassium sulfate solution applied each time is 11kg / mu, for a total of 6 applications.

[0063] 2. Once the seedlings enter the rapid growth period, use the integrated water and fertilizer system to apply a 0.3wt% potassium magnesium sulfate solution and a 0.15wt% cysteine ​​solution every 10 days. The application rate of potassium magnesium sulfate solution and cysteine ​​solution is 6 kg / mu each time, for a total of 3 applications.

[0064] 3. During the bolting stage of garlic plants, remove the flower stalks manually, and then spray the leaves once with a 0.15wt% paclobutrazol solution at a rate of 51 kg / mu.

[0065] 4. During the bulb enlargement stage of garlic plants, apply a 0.5wt% potassium magnesium sulfate solution and a 0.15wt% valine solution every 10 days at 9:00 AM using an integrated water and fertilizer system. The application rate of the potassium magnesium sulfate solution is 11 kg / mu, and the application rate of the valine solution is 6 kg / mu.

[0066] 5. Two weeks before the garlic harvest, spray the leaves with 4°C cold water once every week at 6 pm until water droplets drip from the leaves.

[0067] 6. Harvest garlic.

[0068] The alliin content in garlic was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the average alliin content of garlic cultivated using this method was 1.34%.

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] Garlic is cultivated using conventional methods, starting in early October. 160 catties of compound fertilizer is applied per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares) as base fertilizer, followed by tilling and ridging. After manual planting, the soil is flooded with water, and a herbicide is applied once, then covered with mulch. In the following spring, watering is done once more, with 20 kg of fertilizer applied per mu, followed by flooding to dissolve the fertilizer. Fertilizer is applied three times in April. After the garlic scapes emerge, they are pulled out, and the garlic bulbs can be harvested 20 days later.

[0071] The alliin content in garlic was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the average alliin content of garlic obtained by conventional cultivation methods was found to be 0.90%.

[0072] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a cultivation method for increasing the alliin content of garlic. Garlic cultivated according to the method of the present invention yields garlic with an alliin content of 1.24% to 1.34%, which significantly increases the alliin content in garlic. Compared with conventional cultivation methods, the alliin content is increased by 37% to 48%. Therefore, the garlic obtained by the cultivation method of the present invention can be used as a dedicated raw material for extracting allicin, thereby improving the economic benefits of garlic cultivation. The cultivation method of the present invention also features simple operation, ease of learning and mastery, and low input costs.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for increasing the alliin content of garlic, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) During the garlic seedling stage, apply potassium sulfate solution every 2-4 weeks, for 5-7 times. (2) During the garlic growing season, apply potassium magnesium sulfate solution and cysteine ​​solution every 8 to 12 days, 2 to 4 times; (3) During the bolting stage of garlic, all flower stalks are removed manually, and paclobutrazol solution is sprayed on the leaves 1-2 times. (4) During the garlic stalk enlargement period, apply potassium magnesium sulfate solution and valine solution every 8 to 12 days, for 4 to 6 times. (5) Spray cold water on the leaves every week for 1 to 3 weeks before the garlic harvest until water droplets are left on the leaves. The temperature of the cold water mentioned in step (5) is 3-5℃; The time for spraying cold water is between 5 and 6 p.m.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the potassium sulfate aqueous solution in step (1) is 0.05-0.15 wt%, and the amount of the potassium sulfate aqueous solution applied each time is 9-11 kg / mu.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution in step (2) is 0.1-0.3 wt%, and the amount of the potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution applied each time is 4-6 kg / mu; The concentration of the cysteine ​​aqueous solution is 0.05-0.15 wt%, and the amount of the cysteine ​​aqueous solution applied each time is 4-6 kg / mu.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the paclobutrazol aqueous solution in step (3) is 0.05-0.15 wt%, and the amount of the paclobutrazol aqueous solution applied each time is 49-51 kg / mu.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution in step (4) is 0.3-0.5 wt%, and the amount of the potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution applied each time is 9-11 kg / mu.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the valine aqueous solution in step (4) is 0.05-0.15 wt%, and the amount of the valine aqueous solution applied each time is 4-6 kg / mu.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application of potassium magnesium sulfate aqueous solution and valine aqueous solution in step (4) is performed independently between 7:00 AM and 10:00 AM or between 4:00 PM and 6:00 PM.

8. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alliin content of garlic cultivated using the aforementioned method is 1.24% to 1.34%.

9. The application of the cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in the cultivation of garlic with high allicin content.