A high-sensitivity reversible fluorescent regulation piezoelectric material driven by photochromism and electric field polarization and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a photochromic and electric field polarization-driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material and its preparation method. The chemical formula of the photochromic and electric field polarization-driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material is PZT:x rare earth elements, where x is the doping amount of rare earth elements, which is the mass ratio of rare earth elements to the PZT matrix, and 0 < x ≤ 0.01. This invention's photochromic and electric field polarization-driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material achieves reversible control of the fluorescence properties of piezoelectric ceramic materials through the synergistic effect of photochromism and electric field polarization. This novel characteristic of piezoelectric ceramic materials enables them to bring new technological innovations in optoelectronic devices, display technology, and optical sensors. By subjecting the piezoelectric ceramic material to electric field polarization treatment, the luminescence intensity of the piezoelectric ceramic material exhibits a significant controllability phenomenon; in the PZT: rare earth element system, the degree of controllability is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optoelectronic materials, and in particular to a photochromic and electric field polarization-driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Piezoelectric materials are a class of functional materials that deform under the influence of an electric field. They are widely used in sensors, transducers, ultrasonic devices, vibration control systems, and other fields. Their unique properties make them key components of electroacoustic devices and electromechanical systems.

[0003] Photochromism refers to the reversible color change of a material when exposed to light of a specific wavelength. The luminescence modulation in photochromic materials is due to the overlap between the absorption band of the energy level responsible for photochromic behavior and the emission band of the luminescent ions, resulting in energy transfer from the luminescence center to the color center. Electric field polarization refers to altering the polarization direction within a material by applying an electric field. Electric field polarization can induce phase transitions, lattice distortions, principal lattice symmetry, and domain reorientation in rare-earth ion-doped ceramic materials, thereby affecting the photoluminescence properties of the ceramics. Both photochromism and electric field polarization effects have wide applications in optical and electrical control, but are typically applied individually to different materials. Furthermore, while some photochromic and electropolarized materials exist in the present technology, they generally have limitations in terms of reversibility and sensitivity. Current technology has not yet provided fluorescently modulated piezoelectric materials that simultaneously possess high sensitivity and reversibility, which limits the application of these materials in emerging fields. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first objective of this invention is to address the existing problems described in the background art by providing a photochromic and electric field polarization-driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material that can solve the aforementioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a photochromic and electric field polarization driven high-sensitivity reversible fluorescence-controlled piezoelectric material, with the chemical formula PZT:x rare earth elements, wherein x is the doping amount of rare earth elements, which is the mass ratio of rare earth elements to the PZT matrix, and 0 < x ≤ 0.01.

[0006] In the above scheme, the PZT matrix is ​​PZT-5H powder, and its chemical formula is Pb. 1.0 [Zr 0.49 Ti 0.46 (Nb 0.25 Sb 0.75 ) 0.05 ] 1.0 O3.

[0007] In the above scheme, the rare earth element is high-purity Eu2O3, Tm2O3, Sm2O3, Pr2O3, Ho2O3 or Er2O3.

[0008] In the above scheme, the surface of the piezoelectric material is provided with a gold plating layer.

[0009] In the above scheme, the piezoelectric material is a piezoelectric material after electric field polarization treatment.

[0010] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a highly sensitive, reversible, fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric material driven by photochromism and electric field polarization, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1. Weigh the material according to the mass ratio of PZT: Rare earth elements = 1: x, where 0 < x ≤ 0.01; put the weighed material into a ball mill jar for wet ball milling to obtain the ball-milled wet material, and place the ball-milled wet material in an electric heating blast drying oven at 80℃~90℃ for drying.

[0012] S2. The dried material is granulated using 8% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder. Under a pressure of 50 MPa to 150 MPa, it is pressed into ceramic green sheets of the required size using a molding die. The sheets are then kept at 450℃ to 600℃ for 10 hours to remove the adhesive.

[0013] S3. The ceramic green sheet after debinding is heated to 1000℃~1050℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ / min~5℃ / min and held for 60min~80min. Finally, the temperature is raised to 1250℃ and held for 3h~4h for sintering to obtain rare earth element doped lead zirconate titanate photochromic luminescent piezoelectric ceramic.

[0014] In the above scheme, the piezoelectric ceramic material sheet obtained in step S3 is surface polished, and then gold-plated to obtain a gold-plated ceramic sheet. Then, at room temperature, the piezoelectric ceramic material is polarized for 30 minutes using a DC high-voltage power supply and an electric field strength of 30 kV / cm. After polarization, a photochromic and electrically polarized high-sensitivity reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric ceramic material is obtained. By performing gold plating and electric field polarization treatment on the obtained piezoelectric ceramic material sheet, the piezoelectric ceramic material sheet's performance can be improved.

[0015] In the above scheme, in step S5, the ceramic sheet is gold-plated for 20 minutes using a metal sputtering coating machine to obtain the gold-plated ceramic sheet.

[0016] In the above scheme, during wet ball milling in step S1, anhydrous ethanol is added to the ball milling jar as the ball milling medium, wherein the ratio of raw material: zirconium balls: ethanol is 1: (1.8~2.2): (2.8~3.2), and ball milling is performed for 12~15 hours at a rotation speed of 200~300 r / min.

[0017] This invention has the following positive effects: 1) The photochromic and electric field polarization-driven high-sensitivity reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric material of this invention achieves reversible modulation of the fluorescence properties of piezoelectric ceramic materials through the synergistic effect of photochromism and electric field polarization. This novel characteristic of piezoelectric ceramic materials enables them to bring new technological innovations in optoelectronic devices, display technology, and optical sensors. 2) The photochromic and electric field polarization-driven high-sensitivity reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric material of this invention, through electric field polarization treatment, enables the luminescence intensity of the piezoelectric ceramic material to exhibit significant modulation phenomena; in the PZT: rare earth element system, its modulation degree exceeds the modulation degree under light stimulation, reaching 70%. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is the test result data of test 1 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 The emission spectra were obtained from irradiation at different times in the detection test 2 of this invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the change in luminescence intensity over time in test 2 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 The hysteresis loop diagrams under different electric fields are shown in the detection test 3 of this invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a data graph showing the coupling regulation of photochromism and electric field polarization on photoluminescence in test 4 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 The photoluminescence spectra of the piezoelectric ceramic samples obtained in Examples 4 and 6 of Test 5 of the present invention are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below through embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A photochromic and electric field polarization driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material with the chemical formula PZT:xEu, where x is the doping amount of Eu, which is the mass ratio of Eu to the PZT matrix, and x=0.01.

[0027] The PZT matrix mentioned above can be commercially available PZT-5H powder, with the chemical formula Pb. 1.0 [Zr 0.49 Ti 0.46 (Nb 0.25 Sb 0.75 ) 0.05 ] 1.0 O3, wherein the Eu material is high-purity Eu2O3.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] A photochromic and electric field polarization driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material with the chemical formula PZT:xEr, where x is the Er doping amount and is the mass ratio of Er to the PZT matrix, x=0.005.

[0030] The PZT matrix mentioned above can be commercially available PZT-5H powder, with the chemical formula Pb. 1.0 [Zr 0.49 Ti 0.46 (Nb 0.25 Sb 0.75 ) 0.05 ] 1.0 O3, wherein the Er material is high-purity Er2O3.

[0031] Example 3

[0032] A photochromic and electric field polarization driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material with the chemical formula PZT:xTm, where x is the doping amount of Tm, which is the mass ratio of Tm to the PZT matrix, and x=0.001.

[0033] The PZT matrix mentioned above can be commercially available PZT-5H powder, with the chemical formula Pb. 1.0 [Zr 0.49 Ti 0.46 (Nb 0.25 Sb 0.75 ) 0.05 ] 1.0 O3, wherein the Tm material is high-purity Tm2O3.

[0034] Example 4

[0035] A photochromic and electric field polarization driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material with the chemical formula PZT:xSm, where x is the doping amount of Sm, which is the mass ratio of Sm to the PZT matrix, and x=0.001.

[0036] The PZT matrix mentioned above can be commercially available PZT-5H powder, with the chemical formula Pb. 1.0 [Zr 0.49 Ti 0.46 (Nb 0.25 Sb 0.75 ) 0.05 ] 1.0 O3, wherein the Sm material is high-purity Sm2O3.

[0037] Example 5

[0038] A photochromic and electric field polarization driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material with the chemical formula PZT:xPr, where x is the doping amount of Pr and is the mass ratio of Tm to the PZT matrix, x=0.001.

[0039] The PZT matrix mentioned above can be commercially available PZT-5H powder, with the chemical formula Pb. 1.0 [Zr 0.49 Ti 0.46 (Nb 0.25 Sb 0.75 ) 0.05 ] 1.0 O3, wherein the Pr material is high-purity Pr2O3.

[0040] Example 6

[0041] A photochromic and electric field polarization driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material with the chemical formula PZT:xHo, where x is the amount of Ho doping and is the mass ratio of Ho to the PZT matrix, x=0.001.

[0042] The PZT matrix mentioned above can be commercially available PZT-5H powder, with the chemical formula Pb. 1.0 [Zr 0.49 Ti 0.46 (Nb 0.25 Sb 0.75 ) 0.05 ] 1.0 O3, wherein the Ho material is high-purity Ho2O3.

[0043] Example 7

[0044] A method for preparing a highly sensitive, reversibly fluorescently modulated piezoelectric material driven by photochromism and electric field polarization includes the following steps:

[0045] S1. Weigh the material according to the mass ratio of PZT:Eu=1:0.005, put the weighed material into a ball mill jar for wet ball milling, and then place the ball-milled wet material in a 90℃ electric heating blast drying oven for drying.

[0046] S2. The dried material is granulated using 8% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder. Under a pressure of 100 MPa, it is pressed into ceramic green sheets of the required size using a molding die. The sheets are then kept at 600℃ for 10 hours to remove the adhesive.

[0047] S3. The ceramic green sheet after debinding is heated to 1000℃ and held for 80 min at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and finally heated to 1250℃ and held for 3 h for sintering to obtain Eu-doped lead zirconate titanate photochromic luminescent piezoelectric ceramic.

[0048] Example 8

[0049] A method for preparing a highly sensitive, reversibly fluorescently modulated piezoelectric material driven by photochromism and electric field polarization includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Weigh the material according to the mass ratio of PZT:Pr = 1:0.005, put the weighed material into a ball mill jar for wet ball milling, and then place the ball-milled wet material in a 90℃ electric heating blast drying oven for drying.

[0051] S2. The dried material is granulated using 8% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder. Under a pressure of 100 MPa, it is pressed into ceramic green sheets of the required size using a molding die. The sheets are then kept at 600℃ for 10 hours to remove the adhesive.

[0052] S3. The ceramic green sheet after debinding is heated to 1000℃ and held for 80 min at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and finally heated to 1250℃ and held for 3 h for sintering to obtain Pr-doped lead zirconate titanate photochromic luminescent piezoelectric ceramic.

[0053] Example 9

[0054] A method for preparing a highly sensitive, reversibly fluorescently modulated piezoelectric material driven by photochromism and electric field polarization includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Weigh the material according to the mass ratio of PZT:Eu=1:0.005, put the weighed material into a ball mill jar for wet ball milling, and then place the ball-milled wet material in a 90℃ electric heating blast drying oven for drying.

[0056] S2. The dried material is granulated using 8% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder. Under a pressure of 100 MPa, it is pressed into ceramic green sheets of the required size using a molding die. The sheets are then kept at 600℃ for 10 hours to remove the adhesive.

[0057] S3. The ceramic green sheet after debinding is heated to 1000℃ and held for 80 min at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and finally heated to 1250℃ and held for 3 h for sintering to obtain Eu-doped lead zirconate titanate photochromic luminescent piezoelectric ceramic.

[0058] S4. Polish the surface of the sintered ceramic sheet, and then plate the ceramic sheet with gold to obtain a gold-plated ceramic sheet.

[0059] S5. At room temperature, the gold-plated ceramic sheet was polarized for 30 minutes using a DC high-voltage power supply and an electric field strength of 30 kV / cm. After polarization, a photochromic and electric field polarization-driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric ceramic material was obtained.

[0060] Example 10

[0061] A method for preparing a highly sensitive, reversibly fluorescently modulated piezoelectric material driven by photochromism and electric field polarization includes the following steps:

[0062] S1. Weigh the material according to the mass ratio of PZT:Er=1:0.001, put the weighed material into a ball mill jar for wet ball milling, and then place the ball-milled wet material in an electric heating drying oven at 80℃ for drying.

[0063] S2. The dried material is granulated using 8% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder. Under a pressure of 50 MPa, it is pressed into ceramic green sheets of the required size using a molding die. The sheets are then kept at 450℃ for 10 hours to remove the adhesive.

[0064] S3. The ceramic green sheet after debinding is heated to 1050℃ and held for 60 min at a heating rate of 2℃ / min, and finally heated to 1250℃ and held for 4 h for sintering to obtain Er-doped lead zirconate titanate photochromic luminescent piezoelectric ceramic.

[0065] S4. Polish the surface of the sintered ceramic sheet, and then plate the ceramic sheet with gold to obtain a gold-plated ceramic sheet.

[0066] S5. At room temperature, the gold-plated ceramic sheet was polarized for 30 minutes using a DC high-voltage power supply and an electric field strength of 30 kV / cm. After polarization, a photochromic and electric field polarization-driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric ceramic material was obtained.

[0067] Example 11

[0068] A method for preparing a highly sensitive, reversibly fluorescently modulated piezoelectric material driven by photochromism and electric field polarization includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. Weigh the material according to the mass ratio of PZT:Tm = 1:0.007, put the weighed material into a ball mill jar for wet ball milling. During wet ball milling, add anhydrous ethanol to the ball mill jar as the ball milling medium. The ratio of raw material:zirconium balls:ethanol is 1:(1.8~2.2):(2.8~3.2). Ball mill for 12~15 hours at a speed of 200~300 r / min to obtain the ball-milled wet material. Place the ball-milled wet material in an electric heating blast drying oven at 85℃ for drying.

[0070] S2. The dried material is granulated using 8% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder. Under a pressure of 100 MPa, it is pressed into ceramic green sheets of the required size using a molding die. The sheets are then kept at 550℃ for 10 hours to remove the adhesive.

[0071] S3. The ceramic green sheet after debinding is heated to 1000℃ and held for 70 min at a heating rate of 3℃ / min, and finally heated to 1250℃ and held for 4 h for sintering to obtain Tm-doped lead zirconate titanate photochromic luminescent piezoelectric ceramic.

[0072] S4. Polish the surface of the sintered ceramic sheet and then plate it with gold for 20 minutes using a metal sputtering coating machine to obtain the gold-plated ceramic sheet.

[0073] S5. At room temperature, the gold-plated ceramic sheet was polarized for 30 minutes using a DC high-voltage power supply and an electric field strength of 30 kV / cm. After polarization, a photochromic and electric field polarization-driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric ceramic material was obtained.

[0074] Example 12

[0075] A method for preparing a highly sensitive, reversibly fluorescently modulated piezoelectric material driven by photochromism and electric field polarization includes the following steps:

[0076] S1. Weigh the material according to the mass ratio of PZT:Sm = 1:0.007. Place the weighed material into a ball mill jar for wet ball milling. During wet ball milling, add anhydrous ethanol to the ball mill jar as the ball milling medium. The ratio of raw material:zirconium balls:ethanol is 1:(1.8~2.2):(2.8~3.2). Ball mill for 12~15 hours at a speed of 200~300r / min to obtain the ball-milled wet material. Place the ball-milled wet material in an electric heating forced-air drying oven at 85℃ for drying.

[0077] S2. The dried material is granulated using 8% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder. Under a pressure of 100 MPa, it is pressed into ceramic green sheets of the required size using a molding die. The sheets are then kept at 550℃ for 10 hours to remove the adhesive.

[0078] S3. The ceramic green sheet after debinding is heated to 1000℃ and held for 70 min at a heating rate of 3℃ / min, and finally heated to 1250℃ and held for 4 h for sintering to obtain Sm-doped lead zirconate titanate photochromic luminescent piezoelectric ceramic.

[0079] S4. Polish the surface of the sintered ceramic sheet and then plate it with gold for 20 minutes using a metal sputtering coating machine to obtain the gold-plated ceramic sheet.

[0080] S5. At room temperature, the gold-plated ceramic sheet was polarized for 30 minutes using a DC high-voltage power supply and an electric field strength of 30 kV / cm. After polarization, a photochromic and electric field polarization-driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric ceramic material was obtained.

[0081] Example 13

[0082] A method for preparing a highly sensitive, reversibly fluorescently modulated piezoelectric material driven by photochromism and electric field polarization includes the following steps:

[0083] S1. Weigh the material according to the mass ratio of PZT:Ho = 1:0.001, put the weighed material into a ball mill jar for wet ball milling, and then place the ball-milled wet material in an electric heating drying oven at 80℃ for drying.

[0084] S2. The dried material is granulated using 8% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder. Under a pressure of 50 MPa, it is pressed into ceramic green sheets of the required size using a molding die. The sheets are then kept at 450℃ for 10 hours to remove the adhesive.

[0085] S3. The ceramic green sheet after debinding is heated to 1050℃ and held for 60 min at a heating rate of 2℃ / min, and finally heated to 1250℃ and held for 4 h for sintering to obtain Ho-doped lead zirconate titanate photochromic luminescent piezoelectric ceramic.

[0086] S4. Polish the surface of the sintered ceramic sheet, and then plate the ceramic sheet with gold to obtain a gold-plated ceramic sheet.

[0087] S5. At room temperature, the gold-plated ceramic sheet was polarized for 30 minutes using a DC high-voltage power supply and an electric field strength of 30 kV / cm. After polarization, a photochromic and electric field polarization-driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric ceramic material was obtained.

[0088] Test 1

[0089] The surface of the photochromic and electrically polarized piezoelectric ceramic material with high sensitivity and reversible fluorescence modulation obtained in step S3 of Example 7 was polished to obtain a smooth and flat ceramic sheet. Next, detailed optical property tests were performed on these polished ceramic sheets. Specifically, the ceramic sheets were irradiated with a 405 nm wavelength laser for 30 seconds, and the reflectance spectra were measured before and after irradiation. The tested spectral range covered a broad band from the ultraviolet region (300 nm) to the infrared region (2500 nm).

[0090] like Figure 1 As shown, curve 1 is the light reflectance curve of the piezoelectric ceramic material before light irradiation, and curve 2 is the light reflectance curve of the piezoelectric ceramic material after light irradiation. The comparison shows that at 550nm, the maximum absorption before and after photochromism is 30%. The piezoelectric ceramic material has a large absorption and color change in the visible light range before and after photochromism.

[0091] like Figure 1 As shown, after light irradiation, the piezoelectric ceramic material's appearance color rapidly changes from light yellow to dark gray. After thermal stimulation, the color of the piezoelectric ceramic material can recover to light yellow, and the luminescence intensity returns to its initial level.

[0092] Test 2

[0093] The photoresponse speed of the aforementioned smooth ceramic sheet was tested. Specifically, the sample was irradiated with a 405nm wavelength light source for different durations: 0 seconds, 1 second, 3 seconds, 10 seconds, 30 seconds, and 60 seconds. Furthermore, the emission spectrum of the sample was measured under 395nm excitation light to more comprehensively evaluate the material's photoresponse performance. The test results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the optical modulation characteristics of the samples under different irradiation times are reflected. As the irradiation time increases, the luminescence intensity gradually decreases. The original luminescence intensity curve 1 is significantly higher than the curve 2 with an irradiation time of 1 second. The curve 2 with an irradiation time of 1 second is significantly higher than the curve 3 with an irradiation time of 3 seconds. The curve 3 with an irradiation time of 3 seconds is higher than the curve 4 with an irradiation time of 5 seconds. The curve 4 with an irradiation time of 5 seconds is higher than the curve 5 with an irradiation time of 10 seconds. The curve 5 with an irradiation time of 10 seconds is slightly higher than the curve 6 with an irradiation time of 30 seconds. The curves 6 with an irradiation time of 30 seconds and 7 with an irradiation time of 60 seconds basically overlap.

[0094] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, particular attention was paid to how the luminescence intensity at a wavelength of 616 nm changes over time. The results show that within a time range of 1 to 3 seconds, the luminescence intensity rapidly quenches to near saturation, achieving a tuning degree of 30%. This indicates that the material responds very quickly to light, enabling significant optical modulation effects to be achieved in a short time.

[0095] Test 3

[0096] The aforementioned smooth ceramic sheet was subjected to gold sputtering. This process aims to provide a uniform conductive surface for applying a uniform electric field in subsequent tests. Hysteresis loop testing was then performed; hysteresis loop spectra were measured under different electric fields. Figure 4 As shown, saturation occurs at a DC voltage of ±40 kV / cm, and the maximum polarization intensity is determined to be 65.5 μC / cm. 2 The maximum remanent polarization intensity is 44 μC / cm. 2 . Figure 4 In the diagram, curve 1 is the hysteresis loop obtained under a 5kV DC voltage; curve 2 is the hysteresis loop obtained under a 10kV DC voltage; curve 3 is the hysteresis loop obtained under a 20kV DC voltage; curve 4 is the hysteresis loop obtained under a 30kV DC voltage; and curve 5 is the hysteresis loop obtained under a 40kV DC voltage. The measurement results not only demonstrate the material's polarization capability but also reflect its stability and reversibility under high electric field strength.

[0097] Test 4

[0098] The photochromic and electrically polarized high-sensitivity reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric ceramic material obtained by gold plating and electric field polarization in step S5 of Example 9 was polished on both sides, and its photoluminescence spectrum was measured. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the coupled modulation of photoluminescence by photochromism and electric field polarization was maximized. In the figure, curve 1 represents the luminescence intensity in the original state; curve 2 represents the luminescence intensity after photochromism; and curve 3 represents the luminescence intensity after electric field polarization. The modulation degree of luminescence by photochromism is 30%, and that after electric field polarization, it is 70%. This experiment shows that by applying gold plating and electric field polarization treatment to the photochromic and electric field polarization-driven high-sensitivity reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric ceramic material obtained in step S3 of Example 9, the modulation degree of light can be increased from 30% to 70%.

[0099] Test 5

[0100] The photoluminescence spectra of the piezoelectric ceramic samples obtained in Examples 7 and 9 were measured respectively, as follows: Figure 6As shown, curve 1 represents the luminescence intensity of the piezoelectric ceramic sample obtained in Example 7; curve 2 represents the luminescence intensity of the piezoelectric ceramic sample obtained in Example 9. The two measured curves completely overlap, and no change in luminescence intensity occurs, proving that gold plating and electric field polarization treatment do not affect the luminescence intensity of the piezoelectric ceramic material.

[0101] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photochromic and electric field polarization-driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material, characterized in that: The chemical formula is PZT:x rare earth element, where x is the doping amount of rare earth element, which is the mass ratio of rare earth element to PZT matrix, and 0 < x ≤ 0.01; the PZT matrix is ​​PZT-5H powder, with the chemical formula Pb. 1.0 [Zr 0.49 Ti 0.46 (Nb 0.25 Sb 0.75 ) 0.05 ] 1.0 O3.

2. The photochromic and electrically polarized driven high-sensitivity reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth elements are high-purity Eu2O3, Tm2O3, Sm2O3, Pr2O3, Ho2O3, or Er2O3.

3. The photochromic and electrically polarized driven high-sensitivity reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the piezoelectric material is plated with a gold layer.

4. The photochromic and electrically polarized driven high-sensitivity reversible fluorescence-tunable piezoelectric material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric material is a piezoelectric material that has undergone electric field polarization treatment.

5. A method for preparing a highly sensitive, reversible, fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric material driven by photochromism and electric field polarization as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Weigh the material according to the mass ratio of PZT: Rare earth elements = 1: x, where 0 < x ≤ 0.01; put the weighed material into a ball mill jar for wet ball milling to obtain the ball-milled wet material, and place the ball-milled wet material in an electric heating blast drying oven at 80℃~90℃ for drying. S2. The dried material is granulated using 8% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder. Under pressure of 50 MPa to 150 MPa, it is pressed into ceramic green sheets of the required size using a molding die. The sheets are then kept at 450℃ to 600℃ for 10 hours to remove the adhesive. S3. The ceramic green sheet after debinding is heated to 1000℃~1050℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ / min~5℃ / min and held for 60min~80min. Finally, the temperature is raised to 1250℃ and held for 3h~4h for sintering to obtain rare earth element doped lead zirconate titanate photochromic luminescent piezoelectric ceramic.

6. The method for preparing a photochromic and electrically polarized driven, highly sensitive, reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The piezoelectric ceramic material sheet obtained in step S3 is surface polished and then gold-plated to obtain a gold-plated ceramic sheet. Then, at room temperature, the piezoelectric ceramic material is polarized for 30 min using a DC high voltage power supply and an electric field strength of 30 kV / cm. After polarization, a photochromic and electric field polarization-driven highly sensitive reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric ceramic material is obtained.

7. The method for preparing a photochromic and electrically polarized driven, highly sensitive, reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric material according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S5, the ceramic sheet is gold-plated for 20 minutes using a metal sputtering coating machine to obtain the gold-plated ceramic sheet.

8. The method for preparing a photochromic and electrically polarized driven high-sensitivity reversible fluorescence-modulated piezoelectric material according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, during wet ball milling, anhydrous ethanol is added to the ball milling jar as the ball milling medium, wherein the ratio of raw material: zirconium balls: ethanol is 1: (1.8~2.2): (2.8~3.2), and ball milling is performed for 12~15 hours at a rotation speed of 200~300 r / min.

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