Needleless solution spinning apparatus, method of operation, and method of making ultrafine fibers

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of fiber spinning equipment, and particularly relates to a needle-free solution spinning device, a working method and a superfine fiber preparation method. The needle-free solution spinning device comprises: a gas supply mechanism for spraying a gas flow; a liquid supply mechanism for supplying a spinning precursor solution; and a spinning mechanism comprising a roller unit, wherein the roller unit is rotatably arranged along an axial direction, a plurality of holes penetrating in a radial direction are formed on a wall surface of the roller unit, the gas supply mechanism is arranged on an inner side of the roller unit, and the liquid supply mechanism is arranged on an outer side of the roller unit. The needle-free solution spinning device, the working method and the superfine fiber preparation method have the advantages of simple operation, high spinning efficiency, strong universality, designable gas flow field and fiber structure, and continuous work without needle blockage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber spinning equipment technology, and in particular to a needleless solution spinning device, its working method, and a method for preparing ultrafine fibers. Background Technology

[0002] Microfibers are linear materials with a diameter of less than 1 micrometer and a relatively long length, exhibiting an extremely high aspect ratio. Due to their unique physicochemical properties, microfibers play an important role in various novel functional materials.

[0003] Currently, commonly used methods for fiber preparation include wet spinning, melt-blown spinning, electrospinning, solution-gas spinning, and centrifugal spinning. Melt-blown spinning has the advantage of high production efficiency and is widely used in industry; however, the fibers produced by melt-blown spinning have a relatively large diameter, and the types of fibers it can produce are very limited. Electrospinning is currently a relatively simple method for preparing ultrafine fibers, with advantages such as wide applicability and simple operation; however, electrospinning has low production efficiency, and the extrusion of the solution into fibers through the spinneret can easily lead to spinneret clogging. Furthermore, the operating voltage of thousands of volts poses a significant risk to large-scale industrial production of ultrafine fibers. While traditional solution-gas spinning technology avoids the high-voltage problem and can achieve high-throughput preparation of ultrafine fibers, this technology still relies on needles, and the spinneret is prone to clogging, severely affecting the efficiency and quality of material preparation, and also impacting the design space of the airflow field distribution. Therefore, it is essential to develop a spinning device that is simple to operate, highly efficient, widely applicable, and allows for the design of the airflow field and fiber structure, enabling continuous operation without needle clogging. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a needleless solution spinning device, its working method, and a method for preparing ultrafine fibers. It addresses the shortcomings of traditional solution air spinning devices that rely on needles, leading to easy clogging of the spinneret and affecting material preparation efficiency and quality, as well as the design space for the airflow distribution. This invention employs a rolling, porous, needleless solution air spinning device, which offers advantages such as simple operation, high spinning efficiency, broad applicability, customizable airflow field and fiber structure, and continuous operation without needle clogging.

[0005] This invention provides a needleless solution spinning apparatus, comprising:

[0006] An air supply mechanism, used to eject airflow;

[0007] Liquid supply mechanism, used to supply spinning precursor solution;

[0008] A spinning mechanism includes a roller unit rotatably disposed along its axial direction. Multiple radially penetrating channels are formed on the wall surface of the roller unit. An air supply mechanism is located inside the roller unit, and a liquid supply mechanism is located outside the roller unit.

[0009] The spinning precursor solution supplied by the liquid supply mechanism continues to exist in the channel. When the channel containing the spinning precursor solution rotates to the position of the gas supply mechanism, the airflow ejected by the gas supply mechanism breaks through the channel and blows away the spinning precursor solution remaining in the channel, stretching the spinning precursor solution into a jet.

[0010] According to the present invention, a needleless solution spinning apparatus is provided, wherein the spinning mechanism further includes:

[0011] A scraping unit is attached to the outer wall of the roller unit. During the rotation of the roller unit, the scraping unit scrapes the spinning precursor solution located on the outer wall of the roller unit through the relative movement between the scraping unit and the roller unit.

[0012] According to the present invention, a needleless solution spinning device is provided, wherein the length of the channel is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0013] According to the present invention, a needleless solution spinning apparatus is provided with at least one protrusion on the inner wall surface of the channel, an airflow channel is formed between the protrusions, and / or an airflow channel is formed between the outer surface of the protrusion and the inner wall surface of the channel to guide the airflow to transition into turbulence.

[0014] According to the present invention, a needleless solution spinning apparatus is provided, wherein the gas supply mechanism comprises:

[0015] Gas pipelines;

[0016] An airflow ejection unit is connected to the outlet of the gas pipeline. The ejection direction of the airflow ejection unit is along the radial direction of the roller unit and is arranged outward.

[0017] According to the present invention, in a needleless solution spinning device, the distance between the outlet end of the air jet unit and the inner wall surface of the roller unit is in the range of 1mm to 5mm.

[0018] According to the needleless solution spinning apparatus provided by the present invention, the gas supply mechanism further includes:

[0019] A gas compression unit is connected to the inlet of the gas pipeline;

[0020] A pressure valve is provided on the gas pipeline.

[0021] According to the present invention, a needleless solution spinning apparatus is provided, wherein the solution supply mechanism comprises:

[0022] Liquid piping;

[0023] A liquid guiding unit is connected to the outlet of the liquid pipeline and is located above the roller unit. It is used to guide the spinning precursor solution to flow vertically to the outer wall surface of the roller unit.

[0024] According to the needleless solution spinning apparatus provided by the present invention, the liquid supply mechanism further includes:

[0025] A hydraulic thrust unit is connected to the inlet of the liquid pipeline.

[0026] A needleless solution spinning apparatus according to the present invention further includes:

[0027] A collection mechanism, located on the outside of the roller unit, is used to collect the spinning precursor solution carried away by the air supply mechanism through the channel.

[0028] According to the present invention, a needleless solution spinning device is provided, wherein the roller unit is a closed structure in the circumferential direction, and the channels are arranged in multiple rows along the circumferential direction of the roller unit, and each row of channels is arranged in multiple ways along the width direction of the roller unit. The included angle between two adjacent rows of channels ranges from 0.5° to 2°, the diameter of each channel ranges from 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, and the distance between two adjacent channels is less than 1.2 mm. The multiple jets ejected from the multiple channels interact with each other to form turbulence.

[0029] According to the present invention, in a needleless solution spinning apparatus, the porosity of the roller unit ranges from 40% to 95%.

[0030] The present invention also provides a method for operating the needleless solution spinning apparatus according to the above embodiments of the present invention:

[0031] Control the rotation of the drum unit to sequentially start the air supply mechanism and the liquid supply mechanism;

[0032] The spinning precursor solution supplied by the liquid supply mechanism flows to the outer wall surface of the roller unit and then continues to exist in the channels on the roller unit;

[0033] When the channel containing the spinning precursor solution rotates to the position of the air supply mechanism, the airflow ejected by the air supply mechanism passes through the channel, breaks it up, and blows away the spinning precursor solution remaining in the channel, stretching the spinning precursor solution into a jet.

[0034] According to the present invention, a method for operating a needleless solution spinning device, wherein the control of the roller unit rotation specifically includes:

[0035] The linear velocity of the control roller unit ranges from 0.1 m / s to 10 m / s.

[0036] According to the operating method of the needleless solution spinning device provided by the present invention, the activation of the gas supply mechanism specifically includes:

[0037] The average airflow velocity of the airflow ejected by the control air supply mechanism is controlled within the range of 5 m / s to 100 m / s, and the pressure of the airflow ejected by the control air supply mechanism is controlled within the range of 0.05 MPa to 1.0 MPa.

[0038] According to the operating method of the needleless solution spinning device provided by the present invention, the activation of the liquid supply mechanism specifically includes:

[0039] The range of the speed at which the liquid supply mechanism supplies the spinning precursor solution is 0.5 mL / min to 10 mL / min.

[0040] The present invention also provides a method for preparing ultrafine fibers, which prepares ultrafine fibers using the needleless solution spinning device in the above embodiments of the present invention or by using the working method of the needleless solution spinning device in the above embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] This invention provides a needleless solution spinning apparatus, comprising: an air supply mechanism, a liquid supply mechanism, and a spinning mechanism; the air supply mechanism is used to eject airflow; the liquid supply mechanism is used to supply a spinning precursor solution; the spinning mechanism includes a roller unit, which is rotatably arranged along its axial direction, and a plurality of radially penetrating channels are formed on the wall surface of the roller unit; the air supply mechanism is located inside the roller unit, and the liquid supply mechanism is located outside the roller unit; the spinning precursor solution supplied by the liquid supply mechanism continues to exist in the channels; when the channel containing the spinning precursor solution rotates to the position of the air supply mechanism, the airflow ejected by the air supply mechanism breaks through the channels and blows away the spinning precursor solution remaining in the channels, thus stretching the spinning precursor solution into a jet. This invention provides a needleless solution spinning device. The porous structure arranged on its roller unit can uniformly store the spinning solution, increasing the solution storage density. The porous structure generates turbulence, and through turbulent spinning technology, the preparation efficiency of ultrafine fibers can be significantly improved. The interaction of turbulent flows enhances the average turbulent kinetic energy, and the strong turbulence accelerates the crimp of the ultrafine fibers during the preparation process through vortices with high momentum transfer efficiency. The porous structure is easy to clean. The roller unit's rotation speed is adjustable, enabling the preparation of ultrafine fibers of corresponding specifications. The closed structure and continuous rotation of the roller unit ensure the continuity of spinning.

[0042] Furthermore, the present invention provides a working method for a needleless solution spinning device, which supplies a liquid to a supply mechanism and continues to exist in the channels on the roller unit. The liquid is broken and blown away by an air supply mechanism, and the spinning precursor solution remaining in the channels is stretched into a jet. The multiple jets ejected from multiple channels interact to form turbulence, which significantly improves the preparation efficiency of ultrafine fibers.

[0043] Furthermore, the method for preparing ultrafine fibers provided by the present invention has the same advantages as described above because it uses the needleless solution spinning device in the embodiments of the present invention to prepare ultrafine fibers or uses the working method of the needleless solution spinning device in the embodiments of the present invention to prepare ultrafine fibers. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a needleless solution spinning device provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a front view of a needleless solution spinning apparatus provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a side view of a needleless solution spinning apparatus provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a top view of a needleless solution spinning apparatus provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gas supply mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid supply mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a roller unit with only one row of holes provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 This is a front view of a roller unit with multiple rows of channels provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a roller unit with protrusions inside a channel provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the scraping unit and the roller unit in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure label:

[0056] 1: Gas supply mechanism; 11: Gas pipeline; 12: Airflow ejection unit; 13: Gas compression unit; 14: Pressure valve; 2: Liquid supply mechanism; 21: Liquid pipeline; 22: Liquid guiding unit; 23: Liquid propulsion unit; 24: Needle; 31: Roller unit; 311: Channel; 312: Protrusion; 32: Scraping unit; 4: Motor; 5: Support structure. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0060] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0061] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0062] The following is combined with Figures 1-10 This invention describes a needleless solution spinning apparatus. The needleless solution spinning apparatus includes: an air supply mechanism 1, a liquid supply mechanism 2, a spinning mechanism, a collection mechanism, and a controller, etc.

[0063] The gas supply mechanism 1 is used to eject the gas flow; the liquid supply mechanism 2 is used to supply the spinning precursor solution. Specifically, the gas supply mechanism 1 ejects a high-speed gas flow; the spinning precursor solution ejected by the liquid supply mechanism 2 includes an organic polymer solution or a mixed solution containing organic polymers and inorganic precursors.

[0064] The spinning mechanism includes a roller unit 31, which is rotatably arranged along its axial direction. Multiple radially penetrating channels 311 are formed on the wall surface of the roller unit 31. The roller unit 31 has a hollow structure. An air supply mechanism 1 is located inside the roller unit 31, and a liquid supply mechanism 2 is located outside the roller unit 31. The liquid supply mechanism 2 provides the spinning precursor solution from the outside of the roller unit 31. Optionally, the output end of the liquid supply mechanism 2 is located above the roller unit 31, allowing the spinning precursor solution to flow onto the outer wall of the roller unit 31 under its own gravity. Optionally, the wall thickness of the roller unit 31 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm. The length of the channels 311 determines the liquid storage capacity; its length is consistent with the thickness of the roller unit 31. Therefore, the length of the channels 311 is also greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, which can accommodate a larger amount of spinning precursor solution, thereby increasing the liquid storage capacity and thus improving spinning efficiency. The cross-sectional shape of the channel 311 is one or more of the following: circular, square, star-shaped, slit, and other closed shapes.

[0065] The collection mechanism is located downstream of the air supply mechanism 1 along the air jet direction, that is, on the outside of the roller unit 31, and is used to collect the ultrafine fiber material.

[0066] The roller unit 31 is equipped with a motor 4 and a controller. The motor 4 is connected to the roller unit 31 to drive it, providing the driving force for the roller unit 31 to rotate. The rotation speed of the roller unit 31 can be adjusted by regulating the power of the motor 4 through the controller, so that its linear speed is maintained between 0.1m / s and 10m / s. The air supply mechanism 1, the liquid supply mechanism 2, and the spinning mechanism are installed as a whole by a support structure 5.

[0067] The working process of the needleless solution spinning device in this embodiment includes:

[0068] The roller unit 31 is started and kept rotating. The air supply mechanism 1 is started and continuously sprays air from the inside of the roller unit 31 to the outside. The liquid supply mechanism 2 is started and continuously supplies spinning precursor solution from the outside of the roller unit 31. The spinning precursor solution supplied by the liquid supply mechanism 2 flows from the outer wall of the roller unit 31 to the channel 311 and remains in the channel 311. When the channel 311 containing the spinning precursor solution rotates to the position of the air supply mechanism 1, the airflow sprayed by the air supply mechanism 1 is broken through the channel 311 and blows away the spinning precursor solution remaining in the channel 311, stretching the spinning precursor solution into a jet. The multiple jets sprayed from multiple channels 311 interact with each other to form turbulence. The ultrafine fiber material is collected by the collection mechanism.

[0069] The needleless solution spinning apparatus described in the above embodiments of the present invention is suitable for preparing ultrafine fibers, and is particularly suitable for solution gas spinning technology. This apparatus has the following beneficial effects:

[0070] 1. Utilizing the liquid storage advantages of porous channels 311: The three-dimensional structure of channels 311 can uniformly store the spinning precursor solution. Porous channels 311 can form a channel 311 array through specific arrangement. The array of channels 311 can uniformly store the spinning solution and increase the solution storage density.

[0071] 2. Advantages of using the multi-pore channel 311 to form an airflow channel to increase airflow velocity: After the high-speed airflow provided by the air supply mechanism 1 enters the spinning hole from the open area, for incompressible flow, due to the conservation of mass, the "narrowing effect" occurs, and the air mass cannot accumulate in large quantities in the channel 311, which greatly accelerates the airflow velocity in the channel 311. This will help improve the preparation efficiency of ultrafine fibers. The efficiency of turbulent spinning technology is 3-20 times higher than that of traditional air spinning and electrospinning.

[0072] 3. Advantages of using the porous channel 311 to disturb the high-speed airflow and accelerate the turbulence transition: The high-speed airflow provided by the air supply mechanism 1 disturbs the high-speed airflow through the porous channel 311, accelerating the transition of the jet after each porous channel 311. The airflow is transformed into turbulence after passing through the porous channel 311. The interaction between multiple turbulent streams further enhances the average turbulent kinetic energy. The strong turbulence accelerates the crimp of the ultrafine fiber during the preparation process through vortices with high momentum transfer efficiency. The average bending angle at both ends of the ultrafine fiber per unit length (i.e., 20 micrometers) is as high as 120° to 180°, which is much higher than that of ultrafine fibers prepared by electrospinning (whose average bending angle is only 10° to 30°).

[0073] 4. Utilizing the advantage of easy cleaning of the multi-channel 311: The spinning precursor solution forms independent units through the channels 311, and the roller unit 31 can circulate and rotate, which is beneficial for subsequent circulation, cleaning and spin drying. The spinning time of each channel 311 is much shorter than the cleaning time. The cleaning time can reach 20-1000 times the spinning time. That is to say, the spinning time of each channel is very short, but there is a lot of time for cleaning. The solution that is not blown out can be thoroughly cleaned. This is an advantage that traditional spinning does not have at all.

[0074] 5. Adjustable rotation speed of roller unit 31: Since roller unit 31 can rotate, the range of gas passage and liquid supply per unit time can be determined by controlling its rotation speed. The linear speed of roller unit 31 is 0.1m / s to 10m / s. The higher the rotation speed, the more curled the prepared ultrafine fibers are and the finer the fiber diameter, thus preparing ultrafine fibers of corresponding specifications.

[0075] 6. Circumferential closed structure of roller unit 31: Since roller unit 31 is a circumferential closed structure, the channels 311 are arrayed along the closed path (circumferential direction). During the spinning process, roller unit 31 rotates continuously, which can realize cyclic use and ensure the continuity of spinning. The diameter of roller unit 31 can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0076] The present invention provides a needleless solution spinning apparatus, comprising: an air supply mechanism 1, a liquid supply mechanism 2, and a spinning mechanism; the air supply mechanism 1 is used to eject airflow; the liquid supply mechanism 2 is used to supply a spinning precursor solution; the spinning mechanism includes a roller unit 31, which is rotatably arranged along its axial direction, and a plurality of radially penetrating channels 311 are formed on the wall surface of the roller unit 31; the air supply mechanism 1 is located on the inner side of the roller unit 31, and the liquid supply mechanism 2 is located on the outer side of the roller unit 31; the spinning precursor solution supplied by the liquid supply mechanism 2 continues to exist in the channels 311; when the channel 311 containing the spinning precursor solution rotates to the position of the air supply mechanism 1, the airflow ejected by the air supply mechanism 1 breaks through the channels 311 and blows away the spinning precursor solution remaining in the channels 311, thus stretching the spinning precursor solution into a jet. The present invention provides a needleless solution spinning device, wherein the porous channel 311 structure arranged on the roller unit 31 can uniformly store the spinning solution and increase the solution storage density; the porous channel 311 forms turbulence, and through turbulent spinning technology, the preparation efficiency of ultrafine fibers can be significantly improved; the porous channel 311 structure is easy to clean; the rotation speed of the roller unit 31 is adjustable, and ultrafine fibers of corresponding specifications can be prepared; the closed structure and continuous rotation of the roller unit 31 ensure the continuity of spinning.

[0077] In one embodiment of the present invention, the spinning mechanism further includes a scraping unit 32, which is attached to the outer wall surface of the roller unit 31. During the rotation of the roller unit 31, the scraping unit 32 scrapes the spinning precursor solution located on the outer wall surface of the roller unit 31 through the relative movement between the scraping unit 32 and the roller unit 31, so that the spinning precursor solution is evenly coated on the outer wall surface of the roller unit 31, and so that the spinning precursor solution is evenly entered into each channel 311 for continued storage, thereby improving the spinning efficiency. Preferably, the scraping unit 32 is disposed above the roller unit 31 and close to the liquid supply mechanism 2 (the scraping unit 32 can be disposed behind the liquid supply mechanism 2 along the rotation direction of the roller unit 31). While the liquid supply mechanism 2 supplies the spinning precursor solution to the outer wall surface of the roller unit 31, it scrapes the spinning precursor solution on its outer wall surface evenly. Specifically, the scraping unit 32 can adopt a structure such as a scraper blade, scraper plate, or scraper, preferably made of metal, ceramic, or plastic material, as long as it will not be corroded by the spinning precursor solution. Preferably, multiple scraping units 32 can be provided and located on the same side or both sides of the liquid supply mechanism 2; for example... Figure 10As shown, two scraping units 32 are provided, located on both sides of the liquid supply mechanism 2, to scrape the spinning precursor solution on the outer wall surface of the roller unit 31.

[0078] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas supply mechanism 1 includes a gas pipeline 11 and an airflow ejection unit 12. The airflow ejection unit 12 is connected to the outlet of the gas pipeline 11, and its ejection direction is along the radial direction of the roller unit 31 and faces outwards. Specifically, the gas pipeline 11 is used to transport airflow, and a high-speed airflow is ejected through the airflow ejection unit 12 at the outlet of the gas pipeline 11 to break up and blow away the spinning precursor solution remaining in the channel 311. A collection mechanism is provided on the outside of the roller unit 31 to collect the ultrafine fiber material. Preferably, the gas pipeline 11 can be a plastic tube, a metal tube, or a rubber tube; the airflow ejection unit 12 can be a small-diameter hollow tube, a nozzle, an air knife, or a combination thereof.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the outlet end of the airflow ejection unit 12 and the inner wall surface of the roller unit 31 ranges from 1 mm to 5 mm. In this embodiment, there is a gap between the outlet end of the airflow ejection unit 12 and the inner wall surface of the roller unit 31, allowing the airflow to enter the channel 311 from an open area, which can better form a "narrow tube effect" and is more conducive to the generation of turbulence.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas supply mechanism 1 further includes a gas compression unit 13 and a pressure valve 14. The gas compression unit 13 is connected to the inlet of the gas pipeline 11; the pressure valve 14 is disposed on the gas pipeline 11. In this embodiment, the gas compression unit 13 is utilized. Preferably, the gas is processed by the gas compression unit 13 to form compressed gas, which is then transported through the gas pipeline 11. After the pressure and flow rate of the compressed gas are adjusted by the pressure valve 14, it reaches the airflow ejection unit 12 through the gas pipeline 11 and is ejected from the airflow ejection unit 12 in the form of a high-speed airflow. Preferably, by adjusting the pressure valve 14, the average airflow velocity of the high-speed airflow ejected from the airflow ejection unit 12 is ensured to be in the range of 5 m / s to 100 m / s, and the pressure of the ejected airflow is in the range of 0.05 MPa to 1.0 MPa. Preferably, the gas compression unit 13 can be a high-pressure gas cylinder or an air compressor, etc.

[0081] In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid supply mechanism 2 includes a liquid pipeline 21 and a liquid guiding unit 22. The liquid guiding unit 22 is connected to the outlet of the liquid pipeline 21 and is located above the roller unit 31, used to guide the spinning precursor solution vertically to the outer wall surface of the roller unit 31. In this embodiment, the liquid pipeline 21 is used to transport the spinning precursor solution, and the liquid guiding unit 22 is used to guide the spinning precursor solution in the liquid pipeline 21 so that the flow direction is perpendicular to the outer wall surface of the roller unit 31, thereby allowing the solution to enter the channels 311. Preferably, the liquid pipeline 21 can be a plastic tube, metal tube, or rubber tube, etc.; the liquid guiding unit 22 can be a liquid guiding groove, needle tube, or conduit tube, etc. If a liquid guiding groove is used, its outlet width is preferably the width of a row of channels 311 in the roller unit 31; if a needle tube or conduit tube is used, the inner diameter of the needle tube or conduit tube is preferably the width of a row of channels 311 in the roller unit 31. Preferably, the distance between the liquid guiding unit 22 and the roller unit 31 is less than 2 mm, which can stably and uniformly transport the spinning precursor solution to the outer surface of the roller unit 31 to the greatest extent.

[0082] In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid supply mechanism 2 further includes a liquid pusher unit 23, which is connected to the inlet of the liquid pipeline 21 and is used to control the liquid supply rate of the spinning precursor solution. Preferably, the liquid pusher unit 23 is a CNC liquid pusher unit 23, which can be a liquid pump, and the injection rate can be set to ensure that the liquid supply rate is 0.5 mL / min to 10 mL / min. Preferably, a needle tube 24 can be provided at the outlet end of the liquid pusher unit 23, and the port of the needle tube 24 is connected to the liquid pipeline 21.

[0083] In one embodiment of the present invention, the needleless solution spinning apparatus further includes a collecting mechanism disposed outside the roller unit 31, for collecting the spinning precursor solution carried away by the air supply mechanism 1 through the channel 311. Specifically, the collecting mechanism can be a box structure or a cylindrical structure. Preferably, the collecting mechanism can be a mesh, a hollow cage, or a roller, and is suitable for obtaining cotton-like or film-like ultrafine fibers.

[0084] In one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the collecting mechanism and the center of the roller unit 31 is 5–100 cm, specifically, it can be 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 40 cm, 70 cm, or 100 cm. If the distance between the collecting mechanism and the center of the roller unit 31 is too small, on the one hand, the solvent may not evaporate completely, resulting in a decrease in yield and contamination of the device; on the other hand, because the airflow is back-jetted by the collecting mechanism, the formed fibers are also back-jetted by the airflow, affecting the material quality. If the distance between the collecting mechanism and the center of the roller unit 31 is too large, the dispersion range of the spinning precursor solution jet is too large, making it difficult to collect completely, which also reduces the yield. Therefore, the distance between the collecting mechanism and the center of the roller unit 31 adopted in this application is beneficial to the formation and collection of ultrafine fibers, while avoiding contamination of the device by the spinning precursor solution.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present invention, at least one protrusion 312 is provided on the inner wall surface of the channel 311, and (in the case of multiple protrusions) an airflow channel is formed between the protrusions 312, and / or, (in the case of one or more protrusions) an airflow channel is formed between the outer surface of the protrusion 312 and the inner wall surface of the channel 311, so as to guide the airflow to transition into turbulence. Considering that a protrusion 312 can be provided within the channel 311 of the present invention, the length of the channel 311 can be appropriately increased accordingly, so that the end of the channel 311 still retains a space of more than 0.5 mm along the length direction for liquid storage. Generally, the channel length can be extended to 20 mm. A protrusion 312 is arranged on the inner wall of the channel 311 to guide the high-speed airflow. The protrusion 312 can be of any shape. On the one hand, the airflow is disturbed after passing through the protrusion 312, which facilitates the induction of laminar flow to turbulent flow; on the other hand, when the spinning precursor solution passes through the channel 311, it is easy to adhere to the protrusion 312, which is beneficial to the adhesion of the solution. Specifically, the height of the protrusion 312 is less than the inner diameter of the channel 311, and the length of the protrusion 312 is less than the length of the channel 311, so as to form an airflow channel for the airflow to pass through; preferably, the height of the protrusion 312 is not greater than half of the inner diameter of the channel 311. Furthermore, multiple protrusions 312 can be provided within the channel 311, with multiple protrusions 312 arranged sequentially along the length direction of the channel 311 and / or sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the channel 311.

[0086] In one embodiment of the present invention, the roller unit 31 is a closed structure in the circumferential direction. Multiple rows of channels 311 are arranged along the circumference of the roller unit 31, and each row of channels 311 has multiple channels along the width direction of the roller unit 31. The included angle between adjacent rows of channels 311 ranges from 0.5° to 2°, the diameter of each channel 311 ranges from 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, and the distance between adjacent channels 311 is less than 1.2 mm. The multiple jets ejected from the multiple channels interact to form an airflow field including laminar and turbulent sections. When the spinning jet formed by the spinning solution enters the turbulent section, the spinning jet is stretched and whipped by the turbulent field, forming a coiled structure to obtain coiled ultrafine fibers.

[0087] Turbulence is formed through the interaction between multiple jets. Specifically, in this embodiment, there is a certain angle between the front and rear rows of channels 311 (referring to the angle between the central axes of the front and rear rows of channels 311), which ensures that the interference between the spinning precursor solutions ejected from each channel 311 is not significant; using channels 311 with a diameter of 0.2mm to 2.0mm, each channel 311 can extend at least one jet under the action of airflow. For example, the gap between channels 311 with a diameter of 1 mm is 1.2 mm, and the gap between channels 311 with a diameter of 0.5 mm is 0.6 mm. Therefore, 694,166 channels 311 with a diameter of 1 mm and 2,776,666 channels 311 with a diameter of 0.5 mm can be densely packed in 1 square meter. Taking the channel 311 with a diameter of 1 mm as an example, each spinning hole can be drawn out by 1-10 jets under the action of airflow. This will make the spinning jet density in 1 square meter reach up to 6,941,660 spinning jets, which is far higher than conventional spinning technology.

[0088] In one embodiment of the present invention, the porosity of the roller unit 31 ranges from 40% to 95%. In this embodiment, multiple channels 311 are provided, and multiple rows of channels 311 can be provided, with each row of channels 311 having multiple independent channels 311, thereby forming an array of channels 311, so that the porosity of the roller unit 31 is between 40% and 95%. Through the array of channels 311 provided on the roller unit 31, they can be arranged along the circumferential closed structure of the roller unit 31, thereby ensuring the continuity of spinning.

[0089] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two rows of channels 311 are at a certain angle to ensure that the interference between the spinning precursor solutions ejected from each channel 311 is not significant. Channels 311 with diameters of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm are used, and each channel 311, under the influence of airflow, can extend at least one jet. For example, the gap between channels 311 with a diameter of 1 mm is 1.2 mm, and the gap between channels 311 with a diameter of 0.5 mm is 0.6 mm. Therefore, 694,166 channels 311 with a diameter of 1 mm and 2,776,666 channels 311 with a diameter of 0.5 mm can be densely packed within 1 square meter. Taking a channel 311 with a diameter of 1 mm as an example, each spinning hole, under the influence of airflow, can extend 1-10 jets, which will result in a spinning jet density of up to 6,941,660 spinning jets within 1 square meter, which is far higher than conventional spinning technology.

[0090] Furthermore, the volumetric velocity of the air jet near the air jet ejection unit 12 can be 2-30 m / s. Taking an air jet volumetric velocity of approximately 20 m / s near the air jet ejection unit 12 as an example, in terms of turbulence, when there is only a single (one row, one column, 1*1) channel 311, the radial turbulent kinetic energy is only 0.39 m³ / s through fluid dynamics (i.e., CFD) simulation. 2 s -2 When the number of channels 311 increases from one to four (1*4), the radial turbulent kinetic energy increases to 0.91m. 2 s -2 The arrangement was increased to two rows and four columns (2*4), and the radial turbulent kinetic energy was increased to 1.76m. 2 s -2 The radial turbulent kinetic energy was increased to 3.23m when the array was expanded to four rows and four columns (4*4). 2 s -2 It is evident that setting multiple rows and columns of channels 311 is beneficial for increasing radial turbulent kinetic energy. When the radial turbulent kinetic energy is increased to 0.39m... 2 s -2 At the above levels, turbulence can be rapidly induced. CFD simulations show that the length of the laminar flow section decreases with increasing number of spinning holes, decreasing sequentially from 4.14 mm to 3.02 mm, 2.27 mm, and 1.71 mm. Experimental tests show that as the laminar flow section decreases, the straight-line length of the spinning jet decreases sequentially from 8.15 mm to 6.92 mm, 5.42 mm, and 5.02 mm. Because the straight-line length of the spinning jet is always greater than the laminar flow section length, it ensures that the spinning jet receives the stretching and whipping action of the turbulent section in the airflow field, thus causing coiling.

[0091] To better utilize the effects of stable and high-intensity turbulence to achieve the preparation of ultrafine crimped fibers, under the condition that the diameter of the channel 311 is 1 mm and the volume velocity of the air jet near the air jet unit 12 is about 20 m / s, the following relationship is preferred between the airflow field and the spinning jet:

[0092] 1. CFD simulation results show that the radial turbulent kinetic energy is greater than 1.76 m. 2 s -2 ;

[0093] 2. The CFD simulation results show that the length of the laminar flow section of the gas is less than 5 mm;

[0094] 3. The length of the straight section of the spinning jet is less than 9 mm.

[0095] Therefore, taking a 1mm diameter channel 311 as an example, considering processing accuracy, the spacing between channels 311 should be as low as 1.2mm, the number of closely packed channels 311 per square meter should be as high as 690,000, and the included angle between each row of channels 311 should ideally be around 1.37°. The aperture size should not be too large or too small; too large an aperture will reduce the spinning aperture density and increase the diameter of the microfiber, while too small an aperture will increase airflow resistance. An aperture size of 0.5-1mm is preferred. The shape of the channel 311 has little impact on airflow; considering ease of processing, round holes are preferred.

[0096] It should be understood that all of the above-mentioned equipment is made of materials that will not be corroded by the spinning precursor solution. The spinning precursor solution includes organic polymer solutions or mixed solutions containing organic polymers and inorganic precursors, specifically:

[0097] Optionally, the organic polymer material in the above-mentioned organic polymer solution or mixed solution containing organic polymer and inorganic precursor includes at least one of the following: polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyvinylidene fluoride, polystyrene, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyethersulfone, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, polyamide, cellulose acetate, methylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyaniline, and polycarbonate;

[0098] Optionally, the solvent of the above-mentioned spinning precursor solution includes at least one of the following: water, methanol, ethanol, n-butanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, tert-butanol, N-methylpyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylformamide, n-heptane, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, N,N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone, acetylacetone, butanone, n-hexane, cyclohexane, toluene, xylene, formic acid, and tetrahydrofuran;

[0099] Optionally, the aforementioned inorganic precursors include at least one of the following: tetraethyl orthosilicate, methyl orthosilicate, aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate, aluminum sulfate, aluminum acetate, zirconium acetate, zirconium propoxide, zirconium butoxide, zirconium hydroxide, cerium nitrate, magnesium acetate, zinc nitrate, silver nitrate, tantalum isopropoxide, niobium acetate, ferric chloride, ferric citrate, germanium isopropoxide, manganese acetate, indium nitrate, zirconium acetylacetonate, yttrium nitrate, yttrium acetate, copper chloride, copper acetate, hafnium tetrachloride, hafnium sulfate, hafnium n-butoxide, hafnium ethanol, hafnium hydroxide, hafnium oxychloride, hafnium oxynitrate, barium acetate, tin chloride, tantalum pentachloride, cobalt acetate, zinc acetate, nickel acetate, titanium isopropoxide, aluminum isopropoxide, aluminum acetylacetonate, tetrabutyl titanate, isobutyl titanate, titanium isopropoxide, zirconium oxychloride, polycarbosilane, chromium nitrate, chromium chloride, tungsten isopropoxide, magnesium nitrate, ferric nitrate, manganese chloride, and cobalt nitrate.

[0100] Optionally, the above-mentioned organic polymer solution contains particulate matter;

[0101] Optionally, the above-mentioned particulate matter includes at least one of the following: sodium alginate, chitosan, lignin, cellulose, nickel powder, copper powder, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, vanadium oxide, chromium trioxide, manganese dioxide, iron tetroxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, and yttrium oxide.

[0102] The following describes the operation method of the needleless solution spinning apparatus of the present invention. The operation method of the needleless solution spinning apparatus includes the following steps:

[0103] S1. Control the rotation of the drum unit 31, and sequentially start the air supply mechanism 1 and the liquid supply mechanism 2;

[0104] S2. The spinning precursor solution supplied by the liquid supply mechanism 2 flows to the outer wall surface of the roller unit 31 and then continues to exist in the channel 311 on the roller unit 31.

[0105] S3. When the channel 311 containing the spinning precursor solution rotates to the position of the air supply mechanism 1, the airflow ejected by the air supply mechanism 1 breaks through the channel 311 and blows away the spinning precursor solution remaining on the channel 311, stretching the spinning precursor solution into a jet. The multiple jets ejected from the multiple channels 311 interact with each other to form turbulence.

[0106] Specifically, the steps are as follows:

[0107] S100: Turn on the gas compression unit 13 and adjust the gas pressure valve 14 so that the airflow ejection unit 12 ejects high-speed airflow;

[0108] S200, Turn on motor 4 of roller unit 31 so that roller unit 31 keeps rotating;

[0109] S300, turn on the CNC liquid push unit 23 so that the spinning precursor solution flows out of the liquid guide tank to the outer wall of the roller unit 31 and enters the corresponding channel 311;

[0110] S400, under the push of the CNC hydraulic push unit 23, the liquid guide tank transports the spinning precursor solution to the outer wall of the roller unit 31 and enters the corresponding channel 311. The roller unit 31 continues to rotate. The high-speed airflow ejected by the airflow ejection unit 12 breaks up and blows the spinning precursor solution stored in the channel 311 through the channel 311 on the roller unit 31. Finally, the spinning precursor solution is stretched into a jet. The ultrafine fiber material is collected by the collection mechanism. The scraping unit 32 scrapes the outer wall of the roller unit 31 to make the solution evenly coated on the cylindrical surface of the roller unit 31.

[0111] The present invention provides a working method for a needleless solution spinning device, which supplies a liquid to the supply mechanism 2 and continues to exist in the channels 311 on the roller unit 31. The air supply mechanism 1 breaks and blows away the spinning precursor solution continuing to exist in the channels 311, and stretches the spinning precursor solution into a jet. The multiple jets ejected from multiple channels 311 interact with each other to form turbulence, which significantly improves the preparation efficiency of ultrafine fibers.

[0112] In one embodiment of the present invention, controlling the rotation of the roller unit 31 specifically includes: the roller unit 31 is equipped with a controller, which can control the rotational speed of the roller unit 31, and the linear velocity of the roller unit 31 is controlled to be within the range of 0.1 m / s to 10 m / s. The higher the rotational speed of the roller unit 31, the more curled the prepared ultrafine fibers are, and the finer the fiber diameter is. Taking the diameter of the roller unit 31 as 100 mm, its angular velocity is 50 rad / min to 1000 rad / min, specifically, it can be 50 rad / min, 100 rad / min, 200 rad / min, 350 rad / min, 500 rad / min, 750 rad / min, or 1000 rad / min, etc. If the rotational speed of the roller unit 31 is too slow, the number of holes through which the high-speed airflow passes per unit time is limited, resulting in limited turbulence intensity and affecting the diameter and average bending angle of the prepared fibers. If the rotational speed of the roller unit 31 is too fast, the spinning precursor solution is difficult to maintain in the channels 311 on the roller unit 31, and less spinning precursor solution is blown and stretched when the high-speed airflow passes through the channels 311. The spinning precursor solution is easily broken by the high-speed airflow, making it difficult to obtain ultrafine fibers with a large aspect ratio, uniform structure, and excellent quality. Therefore, the rotational speed of the roller unit 31 in this application is beneficial for obtaining ultrafine fibers with a large aspect ratio, uniform structure, and excellent quality.

[0113] In one embodiment of the present invention, activating the gas supply mechanism 1 specifically includes: controlling the average airflow velocity of the gas flow ejected by the gas supply mechanism 1 to be within the range of 5 m / s to 100 m / s, and controlling the pressure of the gas flow ejected by the gas supply mechanism 1 to be within the range of 0.05 MPa to 1.0 MPa. Preferably, the average airflow velocity of the high-speed gas flow ejected by the gas supply mechanism 1 is 2 m / s to 30 m / s, which facilitates the formation of turbulence; the gauge pressure of the high-speed gas flow ejected by the gas supply mechanism 1 is preferably 0.05 to 0.6 MPa, specifically, it can be 0.05 MPa, 0.10 MPa, 0.15 MPa, 0.20 MPa, 0.35 MPa, 0.40 MPa, 0.45 MPa, 0.50 MPa, 0.55 MPa, or 0.6 MPa, etc. If the gauge pressure of the high-speed airflow is too low, the spinning precursor solution cannot be fully sprayed and stretched by the high-speed airflow, making it difficult to form ultrafine fibers with a large aspect ratio, uniform structure, and excellent quality. If the gauge pressure of the high-speed airflow is too high, the spinning precursor solution jet is easily broken by the high-speed airflow, making it difficult to obtain ultrafine fibers with a large aspect ratio, uniform structure, and excellent quality. Therefore, using the airflow gauge pressure of this application is beneficial for obtaining ultrafine fibers with a large aspect ratio, uniform structure, and excellent quality.

[0114] In one embodiment of the present invention, activating the liquid supply mechanism 2 specifically includes controlling the speed at which the liquid supply mechanism 2 supplies the spinning precursor solution to a value ranging from 0.5 mL / min to 10 mL / min. The liquid supply speed of the liquid supply mechanism 2 is 0.5 mL / min to 10 mL / min, specifically, it can be 0.5 mL / min, 1.5 mL / min, 2.5 mL / min, 3.5 mL / min, 4.5 mL / min, 5.5 mL / min, 6.5 mL / min, 7.5 mL / min, 8.5 mL / min, 9.5 mL / min, or 10 mL / min, etc. If the liquid supply speed of the liquid supply mechanism 2 is too slow, the spinning precursor solution remaining in the channels 311 of the roller unit 31 will easily dry out, reducing the preparation efficiency and making it difficult to form ultrafine fibers with a large aspect ratio, uniform structure, and excellent quality. Conversely, if the liquid supply speed of the liquid supply mechanism 2 is too fast, too much spinning precursor solution will remain in the channels 311 of the roller unit 31, easily forming large droplets during the spinning process, making it difficult to obtain ultrafine fibers with a large aspect ratio, uniform structure, and excellent quality. Therefore, adopting the liquid supply speed of the liquid supply mechanism 2 of this application is beneficial for obtaining ultrafine fibers with a large aspect ratio, uniform structure, and excellent quality.

[0115] In summary, the needleless solution spinning apparatus and its operating method of this application have advantages such as simple operation, high efficiency, and customizable airflow field and fiber structure. Compared with the limited types of fibers produced by traditional meltblown spinning, the needleless solution spinning apparatus and its operating method of this application have strong versatility and can be applied to the preparation of various ceramic, organic polymer, carbon, and composite ultrafine fiber materials. Compared with the high-voltage safety hazards of traditional electrospinning and the dependence on needles and easy clogging of traditional solution aerospinning, the needleless solution spinning apparatus and its operating method of this application do not require a harsh high-voltage environment or spinning needles, have high safety, and have good prospects for industrial-scale preparation.

[0116] This invention also provides a method for preparing ultrafine fibers, which involves preparing ultrafine fibers using the needleless solution spinning apparatus described in the above embodiments of the invention, or by employing the working method of the needleless solution spinning apparatus described in the above embodiments of the invention. The prepared ultrafine fibers have a small average radius and a uniform radius distribution, making them suitable for a wide range of systems.

[0117] The following are the specific steps of several methods for preparing microfibers:

[0118] A method for preparing crimped ultrafine fibers, comprising spinning using the aforementioned spinning apparatus; specifically:

[0119] The structural parameters of the spinning device are as follows:

[0120] The inner diameter of the roller is 100mm and the wall thickness is 5mm. There are four circular spinning holes with a diameter of 1mm on the wall of the roller (the inside is a smooth wall). The four holes are arranged in a row with a spacing of 1.2mm. The included angle between the central axes of adjacent holes is 1.37° when measured along the central axis of the holes.

[0121] The distance between the wall of the roller and the collecting net is 80cm.

[0122] The spinning process is as follows:

[0123] (1) Preparation of spinning solution: Dissolve solute of mass m1 in solvent of mass m2, stir at temperature t and stirring speed r until dissolved. Taking Example 1 as an example, the process of preparing the spinning solution is as follows: Dissolve 5g of PVB solid (CAS No.: 68648-78-2, molecular weight: 234) in solvent 95g of anhydrous ethanol, and prepare PVB spinning solution by rotating and stirring at 1000rpm for 5h at room temperature.

[0124] (2) Place the spinning solution prepared in step (1) into the liquid supply mechanism and start spinning;

[0125] Taking Example 1 as an example, the spinning process is as follows:

[0126] The spinning solution prepared in step (1) is placed in the liquid supply mechanism, and the spinning solution is supplied at a rate of 3000 μL·min. -1 The spinning solution is forced into a rotating drum at a speed of 600 rad / min. At this time, the distance between the liquid guiding unit (conduit) and the drum is 1 mm, and the distance between the outlet end of the air jet unit (nozzle) and the inner wall of the drum is 3 mm. The volume velocity of the air jet near the air jet unit (nozzle) is about 15 m / s, and the temperature is room temperature. Under the action of the airflow field, the spinning solution on the spinning drum forms fibers and is deposited in a collection net 80 cm away from the spinning hole, resulting in crimped ultrafine fibers. In the air jet state of Example 1, based on CFD simulation, the laminar flow section length of the airflow field is 1.71 mm.

[0127] Under the above spinning process, the high-speed camera test results show that the straight section length of the spinning jet in Example 1 is 5.02 mm, that is, the ratio of the straight section length to the laminar flow section length falls within the range of 1.5 to 3.0, and the number of jets extending out from a single spinning hole is 3 to 6.

[0128] The coiled ultrafine fiber aggregates deposited in each embodiment have a porous structure.

[0129] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A needleless solution spinning device, characterized in that, include: Gas supply mechanism (1), used to eject gas flow; Liquid supply mechanism (2) is used to supply the spinning precursor solution; The spinning mechanism includes a roller unit (31) rotatably disposed along its axial direction. Multiple radially penetrating channels (311) are formed on the wall surface of the roller unit (31). An air supply mechanism (1) is located inside the roller unit (31), and a liquid supply mechanism (2) is located outside the roller unit (31). The spinning precursor solution supplied by the liquid supply mechanism (2) continues to exist in the channel (311). When the channel (311) containing the spinning precursor solution rotates to the position of the gas supply mechanism (1), the airflow ejected by the gas supply mechanism (1) breaks through the channel (311) and blows away the spinning precursor solution remaining in the channel (311), stretching the spinning precursor solution into a jet. At least one protrusion (312) is provided on the inner wall surface of the channel (311), and an airflow channel is formed between the protrusions (312) and the protrusions (312), and / or an airflow channel is formed between the outer surface of the protrusion (312) and the inner wall surface of the channel (311) to guide the airflow to turn into turbulence.

2. The needleless solution spinning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spinning mechanism also includes: The scraping unit (32) is attached to the outer wall of the roller unit (31). During the rotation of the roller unit (31), the relative movement between the scraping unit (32) and the roller unit (31) scrapes the spinning precursor solution located on the outer wall of the roller unit (31).

3. The needleless solution spinning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the channel is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.

4. The needleless solution spinning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas supply mechanism (1) includes: Gas pipeline (11); An airflow ejection unit (12) is connected to the outlet of the gas pipeline (11). The ejection direction of the airflow ejection unit (12) is along the radial direction of the roller unit (31) and is arranged outward.

5. The needleless solution spinning apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The distance between the outlet end of the airflow ejection unit (12) and the inner wall of the roller unit (31) ranges from 1mm to 5mm.

6. The needleless solution spinning apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gas supply mechanism (1) also includes: A gas compression unit (13) is connected to the inlet of the gas pipeline (11); A pressure valve (14) is provided on the gas pipeline (11).

7. The needleless solution spinning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid supply mechanism (2) includes: Liquid piping (21); Liquid guiding unit (22) is connected to the outlet of the liquid pipeline (21) and is located above the roller unit (31) to guide the spinning precursor solution to flow vertically to the outer wall surface of the roller unit (31).

8. The needleless solution spinning apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The liquid supply mechanism (2) further includes: A hydraulic thrust unit (23) is connected to the inlet of the liquid pipeline (21).

9. The needleless solution spinning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A collection mechanism is provided on the outside of the roller unit (31) for collecting the spinning precursor solution blown away by the air supply mechanism (1) through the channel (311).

10. The needleless solution spinning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The roller unit (31) is a closed structure in the circumferential direction. The channels (311) are arranged in multiple rows along the circumferential direction of the roller unit (31), and each row of channels (311) is arranged in multiple rows along the width direction of the roller unit (31). The included angle between two adjacent rows of channels (311) is in the range of 0.5° to 2°. The diameter of each channel (311) is in the range of 0.2mm to 2.0mm. The distance between two adjacent channels (311) is less than 1.2mm. The multiple jets ejected from the multiple channels (311) interact with each other to form turbulence.

11. The needleless solution spinning apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that, The porosity of the roller unit (31) ranges from 40% to 95%.

12. A method of operating the needleless solution spinning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: Control the rotation of the roller unit (31) and start the air supply mechanism (1) and the liquid supply mechanism (2) in sequence. The spinning precursor solution supplied by the liquid supply mechanism (2) flows to the outer wall of the roller unit (31) and then continues to exist in the channel (311) on the roller unit (31); When the channel (311) containing the spinning precursor solution rotates to the position of the air supply mechanism (1), the airflow ejected by the air supply mechanism (1) breaks through the channel (311) and blows away the spinning precursor solution remaining on the channel (311), stretching the spinning precursor solution into a jet.

13. The operating method of the needleless solution spinning device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The control of the roller unit (31) to rotate specifically includes: The linear velocity of the control roller unit (31) ranges from 0.1 m / s to 10 m / s.

14. The operating method of the needleless solution spinning device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The gas supply mechanism (1) specifically includes: The average airflow velocity of the gas supply mechanism (1) is 5 m / s to 100 m / s, and the pressure of the gas supply mechanism (1) is 0.05 MPa to 1.0 MPa.

15. The operating method of the needleless solution spinning apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that, The liquid supply mechanism (2) specifically includes: The speed at which the liquid supply mechanism (2) supplies the spinning precursor solution ranges from 0.5 mL / min to 10 mL / min.

16. A method for preparing ultrafine fibers, characterized in that, Ultrafine fibers are prepared using the needleless solution spinning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or by the working method of the needleless solution spinning apparatus according to any one of claims 12 to 15.

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