A device and method for quickly eliminating blasting smoke by swirl ventilation in a tunneling shaft

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for rapidly eliminating gun smoke by cyclone ventilation in a tunneling shaft, which is in the field of dust and smoke elimination in a shaft under construction. The mine cyclone rapid ventilation device mainly comprises an air duct, a retractable exhaust cylinder, an exhaust device, a vortex forming device and a suspension cable connecting device connected to each other. The end of the air duct located in the mine is connected to the retractable exhaust cylinder through a flexible air duct, a vortex forming device is arranged in the retractable exhaust cylinder, and an exhaust fan is arranged inside the connection between the top of the retractable exhaust cylinder and the flexible air duct; the air path between the retractable exhaust cylinder, the exhaust device and the vortex forming device is connected, the blower in the vortex forming device forms a tangential airflow along the inner wall of the retractable exhaust cylinder, the exhaust fan and the blower cooperate to form a columnar vortex rising airflow, and a suction effect is formed in the air duct, so that the gun smoke in the mine is quickly eliminated; it has a fast ventilation speed, good dust and smoke elimination effect, saves space, and is suitable for use in mines, tunnels or operating tunnels during construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of dust and smoke elimination in a well under construction, and specifically belongs to a device and method for quickly eliminating blasting smoke by swirl ventilation in an excavation well. Background Art

[0002] During the mining process, blasting is usually used for excavation. After the mine blasting, a large amount of dust and blasting smoke will be generated, which will directly endanger the health of the workers. When the workers are overexposed to a large amount of dust, their respiratory system is easily harmed, affecting their health. The chances of people working in a dusty environment are also greatly increased for pneumoconiosis.

[0003] In order to reduce the harm of dust and blasting smoke to the human body, it is often necessary to conduct static ventilation treatment on the mined mines. It is necessary to use forced air supply to dilute the concentration of dust and blasting smoke to complete the ventilation of the mine after blasting. Existing ventilation devices generally use a blower to complete positive pressure ventilation, or use an exhaust fan combined with a blower to complete a method of combining negative pressure ventilation with positive pressure ventilation. As the mining depth of mines continues to increase, the ventilation time of mines after blasting is also increasing. According to incomplete statistics, ventilation energy consumption accounts for up to 30% of mining costs. Simple positive pressure ventilation takes a long time to complete the removal of mine blasting smoke, and the simple combination of exhaust fans and blowers makes it difficult to achieve long-distance, fast and efficient smoke exhaust and dust removal in mines or tunnels.

[0004] The prior art with publication number CN107130995A discloses a device for removing harmful substances such as dust and blasting smoke after blasting, and its structure is as follows: a water distribution pipe and an air distribution pipe are connected to a water mist dust reduction device through a turntable, and the turntable is provided with openings that can connect the water distribution pipe and the air distribution pipe to the middle water pipe and the middle air pipe in the water mist dust reduction device respectively; the turntable is connected to a rotary switch; the rotary switch is connected to a control device. Using the existing air duct and water pipe in the tunnel to connect the water mist dust reduction device to remove dust and reduce blasting smoke requires the use of a large amount of clean water, and will also cause a large amount of wastewater to be generated underground, which will deteriorate the production environment and have low smoke elimination efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, a device and method for quickly eliminating blasting smoke by vortex ventilation in a tunneling shaft are provided, which can utilize the vortex phenomenon to eliminate mine blasting smoke and achieve rapid ventilation of the mine, and has a simple structure and is easy to use.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the present invention discloses a device for quickly eliminating blasting smoke by swirl ventilation of a tunneling shaft, comprising an air duct arranged in a mine, wherein the end of the air duct located in the mine is connected to a retractable exhaust cylinder through a flexible air duct, a vortex forming device is arranged in the retractable exhaust cylinder, and an exhaust fan is arranged inside the connection between the top of the retractable exhaust cylinder and the flexible air duct;

[0007] The retractable exhaust tube includes a concave exhaust tube and a convex exhaust tube which are sealed and connected by connecting bolts and a sealing ring. The diameters of the concave exhaust tube and the convex exhaust tube are larger than the air duct, so that an outward-expanding top surface is formed at the connection between the top of the concave exhaust tube and the air duct. An air outlet connected to the air duct is opened at the center of the top surface of the concave exhaust tube, and the exhaust fan is located at the air outlet position; the convex exhaust tube is a cylindrical structure, the convex exhaust tube is inserted from the opening below the concave exhaust tube, and is connected to each other by connecting bolts of different horizontal heights, and the position of the connecting bolts can be adjusted as needed, so as to achieve the telescopic effect between the concave exhaust tube and the convex exhaust tube;

[0008] The vortex forming device includes a hair dryer arranged at equal intervals on the circumference of the inner side of the convex exhaust tube and provided with multiple horizontal air ducts, so that the airflow generated by the hair dryer moves tangentially along the inner wall of the convex exhaust tube to form a horizontal vortex airflow. When the top exhaust fan draws air upward and outward, the horizontal vortex airflow is affected to develop upward to form a columnar vortex airflow, which produces a suction effect and quickly sucks in blasting smoke and dust in the mine.

[0009] Furthermore, a suspension cable connection device for suspending the retractable exhaust duct is connected to the outward expansion portion at the top of the concave exhaust duct, and the suspension cable connection device includes a plurality of supports arranged on the outward expansion portion at the top of the concave exhaust duct, and the supports are respectively connected to a plurality of steel wire ropes providing tension through pulley groups, and all the steel wire ropes are suspended on a three-layer hanging plate, and the movement of the retractable exhaust duct is achieved through the pulley group.

[0010] Furthermore, the concave exhaust tube and the convex exhaust tube are connected by connecting bolts and bolt holes arranged at multiple levels at different heights. The overall length adjustment between the concave exhaust tube and the convex exhaust tube can be achieved by adjusting the connecting bolts and bolt holes at different heights.

[0011] Furthermore, the hair dryer in the vortex forming device is arranged in a rectangular air duct, and the rectangular air duct is arranged in a convex exhaust tube through a rotating connection device. The vertical blowing angle can be adjusted according to the ventilation requirements of the mine by adjusting the rotating connection device, and each hair dryer is provided with an independent switch.

[0012] A method for a device for quickly eliminating blasting smoke by vortex ventilation in an excavation shaft, wherein a steel wire rope of a suspension cable connection device is used to drive a retractable exhaust cylinder, an exhaust fan and a vortex forming device to move as a whole in a mine, and the lengths of different steel wire ropes can be adjusted according to the ventilation requirements of the mine and the distribution of pollutants, thereby changing the rotation angle of the retractable exhaust cylinder, so that the vortex airflow formed by the vortex forming device can be suitable for various work spaces; the exhaust fan and the vortex forming device cooperate with each other to form a tornado suction airflow, the center of the tornado suction airflow is a rotating upward flow, and a pressure difference is formed by the high-speed rotating upward airflow, which sucks in high-concentration blasting smoke and dust in the mine after blasting, extends the exhaust fan attenuation section, and shortens the ventilation time; the rotary connection device in the vortex forming device adjusts the blowing angle of the blower according to the depth of the mine, so that the suction length of the columnar vortex airflow formed is adjustable.

[0013] Compared with the existing related technologies, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] (1) This device has a wide range of applications. In addition to being used for efficient ventilation in mines, it can also be used for ventilation of tunnel excavation faces or tunnel operation ventilation, and can be used to quickly eliminate dust and smoke during the construction process;

[0015] (2) This device forms a vortex airflow, extends the fan attenuation section, achieves efficient ventilation, and can quickly remove pollutants such as blasting smoke, dust and harmful gases in the mine, effectively improve the air quality in the mine, and provide a fresher and healthier working environment. This will help protect the health of miners and reduce safety hazards caused by the accumulation of blasting smoke and harmful gases;

[0016] (3) The device is constructed with movable components, which can adjust the air volume and angle of the equipment according to actual engineering needs, forming vortex airflows with different suction strengths to achieve resource conservation. In addition, the device adopts an integrated design, occupies a small space, is easy to install, and can improve the mining working environment and work safety in confined spaces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device for rapidly eliminating blasting smoke by cyclonic ventilation of the excavation shaft of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the device for rapidly eliminating blasting smoke by swirl ventilation of a tunneling shaft according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 For along Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vortex forming device in the rotating state in the middle AA section direction;

[0020] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a retractable exhaust tube in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a partial enlarged view of the suspension cable connection device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1-air duct, 2-three-layer hanging plate, 3-retractable exhaust pipe, 4-exhaust fan, 5-flexible air duct, 6-blowing device, 7-suspension cable connecting device, 8-mine; 301-concave exhaust pipe, 302-convex exhaust pipe, 303-connecting bolt, 304-sealing ring, 305-air outlet, 306-air inlet, 501-circular air duct, 502-flexible air duct, 601-rectangular air duct, 602-blower, 603-rotating connecting device; 701-support, 702-pulley block, 703-wire rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a device for quickly eliminating blast smoke by swirl ventilation of a tunneling shaft provided by the present invention comprises an air duct 1, a three-layer hanging plate 2, a retractable exhaust tube 3, an exhaust fan 4, a vortex forming device 6 and a suspension cable connecting device 7.

[0025] The retractable exhaust cylinder 3, the exhaust fan 4 and the vortex forming device 6 are integrated and can move as a whole, specifically: the top of the retractable exhaust fan is semi-enclosed with an air outlet 306, and the bottom is fully opened as an air inlet 305. The exhaust fan 4 is installed at the top of the retractable exhaust cylinder 3, and the inlet side of the exhaust fan 4 is connected to the retractable exhaust cylinder outlet 306, sealed and with opposite axes, and the outlet side of the exhaust fan is connected to the flexible air duct 5. The vortex forming device 6 is fixed to the inside of the retractable exhaust cylinder 3 by a rotating connection device 603, and is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air paths between the devices are interconnected.

[0026] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the vortex forming device 6 includes a rectangular air duct 601, a blower 602, and a rotating connection device 603, and a total of 4 vortex forming devices are provided.

[0027] The exhaust fan 4 and the vortex forming device 6 cooperate with each other to form an entrained airflow. The center of the tornado is the rotating upward airflow. The pressure difference is formed by the high-speed rotating upward airflow, which entrains the high-concentration gun smoke and dust in the mine after blasting, prolongs the exhaust fan attenuation section, and shortens the ventilation time.

[0028] The exhaust fan 4 allows the blast smoke airflow in the mine to enter the telescopic exhaust tube 3, and part of the airflow enters the hair dryer 602 to form wind along the tangential direction of the telescopic exhaust tube 3, changing the airflow organization pattern to form a horizontal vortex airflow. Under the power of the exhaust fan 4, the horizontal vortex airflow rotates upward to form a columnar vortex airflow.

[0029] Part of the entrained airflow formed by the hair dryer 602 is discharged through the exhaust fan 4 along with the main airflow entering the retractable exhaust cylinder 3, and the other part stays in the retractable exhaust cylinder 3 and mixes with the new airflow to form a new vortex, and the airflow circulates repeatedly in this way.

[0030] The vortex forming device 6 is fixed to the inner side of the telescopic exhaust cylinder 3 through the rotating connection device 603 and arranged at equal intervals along the wall surface. The rotating connection device 603 helps the vortex forming device 6 to achieve 360° plane rotation in the numerical direction. According to the mine ventilation requirements, the vortex forming device is rotated to change the angle of the air blown by the blower 602. Ensure that the blower is arranged horizontally in the tangential direction when not rotating.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the retractable exhaust cylinder 3 mainly includes two parts: a concave exhaust cylinder 301 and a convex exhaust cylinder 302 .

[0032] The retractable exhaust cylinder 3 can change the distance between the exhaust fan 3 and the vortex forming device 6 by retracting the length of the cylinder, so that the device for quickly eliminating gun smoke in the shaft under construction can be adapted to the ventilation requirements of the mine. The concave exhaust cylinder 301 and the suction exhaust cylinder 302 are fixed by connecting bolts 603, which are divided into three categories: "long", "medium" and "short", and are adjusted in turn according to the ventilation requirements of the mine. When the retractable exhaust cylinder is of the "short" type, the three bolt holes of the concave exhaust cylinder 301 and the convex exhaust cylinder 302 completely overlap.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the suspension cable connection device 7 includes a support 701, a pulley block 702 and a steel wire rope 703, with a total of 4 sets of suspension cable connection devices, which are suspended below the three-layer hanging plate 2; the air duct 1 passes through the circular hole in the three-layer hanging plate 2 and extends into the mine 8.

[0034] The suspension cable connection device 7 is used to fix the under-construction shaft rapid smoke elimination device, and can realize the overall rotation of the retractable exhaust cylinder 3, the exhaust device 4 and the vortex forming device 6 according to the distribution of smoke on the mine site. One end of the steel wire rope 703 is connected to the three-layer hanging plate, and the other end is connected to the retractable exhaust cylinder 3 to achieve the fixation of the device; and by adjusting the length of the steel wire rope 703, the angle of the device can be changed. According to the needs or to deal with the local difficult-to-clean parts, long-term ventilation is carried out by adjusting to a suitable angle and fixing it.

[0035] Working principle: When the present invention is used, the exhaust fan 4 and the vortex forming device 6 cooperate to form a columnar vortex airflow, forming a suction effect, so that the gun smoke and dust formed by the blasting in the mine 8 quickly enter the retractable exhaust cylinder 3 under the suction effect, are sucked into the air duct 1 by the exhaust fan 4, and are discharged to the outside by the air duct 1. According to the ventilation requirements of the mine and the distribution of gun smoke, the retractable exhaust cylinder 3, the exhaust fan 4 and the vortex forming device 6 are moved as a whole through the suspension cable connection device 7; the vertical plane rotation of the blower 602 is realized through the rotating connection device 603.

Claims

1. A device for rapidly eliminating blasting smoke by swirl ventilation in a tunneling shaft, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air duct (1) arranged in a mine (8), wherein the end of the air duct (1) located in the mine (8) is connected to a retractable exhaust cylinder (3) via a flexible air duct (5), a vortex forming device (6) is arranged in the retractable exhaust cylinder (3), and an exhaust fan (4) is arranged inside the connection between the top of the retractable exhaust cylinder (3) and the flexible air duct (5); The telescopic exhaust tube (3) comprises a concave exhaust tube (301) and a convex exhaust tube (302) which are sealedly connected via a connecting bolt (303) and a sealing ring (304); the diameters of the concave exhaust tube (301) and the convex exhaust tube (302) are larger than the air duct (1), so that an outwardly expanded top surface is formed at the top of the concave exhaust tube (301) where it is connected to the air duct (1); an air outlet (305) connected to the air duct (1) is formed at the center of the top surface of the concave exhaust tube (301); and the exhaust fan (4) is located at the position of the air outlet (305); the convex exhaust tube (302) is a cylindrical structure; the convex exhaust tube (302) is inserted from the opening below the concave exhaust tube (301) and is connected to each other via connecting bolts (303) at different levels, and the position of the connecting bolts (303) can be adjusted as needed, so that the concave exhaust tube (301) and the convex exhaust tube (302) can be telescopically connected to each other; The vortex forming device (6) comprises a hair dryer (602) arranged at equal intervals on the inner circumference of the convex exhaust tube (302) and having a plurality of horizontally arranged air ducts, so that the airflow generated by the hair dryer (602) moves tangentially along the inner wall of the convex exhaust tube (302) to form a horizontal vortex airflow. When the top exhaust fan (4) draws air upward and outward, the horizontal vortex airflow is affected to develop upward to form a columnar vortex airflow, thereby generating a suction effect and quickly sucking in blasting smoke and dust in the mine (8).

2. The device for rapidly eliminating gun smoke by swirl ventilation in a tunneling shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A suspension cable connection device (7) for suspending the retractable exhaust tube (3) is connected to the top outward expansion portion of the concave exhaust tube (301). The suspension cable connection device (7) comprises a plurality of supports (701) arranged on the top outward expansion portion of the concave exhaust tube (301). The supports (701) are respectively connected to a plurality of steel wire ropes (703) for providing tension through pulley blocks (702). All the steel wire ropes (703) are suspended on the three-layer suspension plate (2). The retractable exhaust tube (3) is moved through the pulley blocks (702).

3. The device for rapidly eliminating gun smoke by swirl ventilation in a tunneling shaft according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The concave exhaust tube (301) and the convex exhaust tube (302) are connected via multiple levels of connecting bolts (303) and bolt holes arranged at different heights. By adjusting the connecting bolts (303) and bolt holes at different heights, the overall length adjustment between the concave exhaust tube (301) and the convex exhaust tube (302) can be achieved.

4. The device for rapidly eliminating gun smoke by swirl ventilation in a tunneling shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blower (602) in the vortex forming device (6) is arranged in a rectangular air duct (601), and the rectangular air duct (601) is arranged in a convex exhaust tube (302) via a rotating connection device (603). By adjusting the rotating connection device (603), the blowing angle in the vertical direction can be adjusted according to the ventilation requirements of the mine, and each blower (602) is provided with an independent switch.

5. A method for quickly eliminating blasting smoke using the device for cyclonic ventilation of a tunneling shaft as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steel wire rope (703) of the suspension cable connection device (7) drives the telescopic exhaust cylinder (3), the exhaust fan (4) and the vortex forming device (6) to move as a whole in the mine (8). The lengths of the steel wire ropes (703) can be adjusted according to the ventilation requirements of the mine and the distribution of pollutants, thereby changing the rotation angle of the telescopic exhaust cylinder (3) so that the vortex airflow formed by the vortex forming device (6) can be suitable for various workspaces. The exhaust fan (4) and the vortex forming device (6) cooperate with each other to form a tornado suction airflow. The center of the tornado suction airflow is a rotating upward flow. The pressure difference is formed by the high-speed rotating upward airflow, and the high-concentration gun smoke and dust in the mine after blasting are sucked in, thereby extending the exhaust fan attenuation section and shortening the ventilation time. The rotating connection device (603) in the vortex forming device (6) adjusts the blowing angle of the blower (602) according to the depth of the mine, so that the suction length of the columnar vortex airflow formed can be adjusted.

Images