Adaptive User Equipment Specific Tracking Reference Signal for the Asia-Pacific Hertz System

Abstract

Methods, systems, and apparatus for conducting wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) can receive a message from a network entity indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a tracking reference signal (TRS) specific to the UE. The UE can monitor one or more TRSs according to the first configuration parameter set during a first time interval. The UE can receive a Layer 1 (L1) signal or a Layer 2 (L2) signal from the network entity, which indicates a second set of configuration parameters for the TRS specific to the UE, different from the first configuration parameter set. The UE can send an acknowledgment message to the network entity indicating that the UE has received the L1 signal or the L2 signal. During a second time interval following the first time interval, the UE can monitor additional TRSs according to the second configuration parameter set.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 590,570, filed February 1, 2022, entitled “Adaptive User Equipment-Specific Tracking Reference Signals for Sub-Tetratherz Systems,” which has been assigned to the assignee of this application. Technical Field

[0003] The following relates to wireless communications, including adaptive user equipment (UE) specific tracking reference signals (TRS) for Asia-Pacific Hertz (sub-THz) systems. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, message sending and receiving, broadcasting, and so on. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more network entities or one or more network access nodes, each of which simultaneously supports communication for multiple communication devices, which may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE). Summary of the Invention

[0005] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses for supporting adaptive user equipment (UE)-specific tracking reference signals (TRS) for Asia Pacific Hertz (sub-THz) systems. Generally, the described technology provides for dynamically reconfiguring a TRS (e.g., a UE-specific TRS) and associated parameters for a given UE. In some examples, the UE may receive a message from a network entity indicating a first set of configuration parameters (e.g., configured by the network entity) for a UE-specific TRS, which the UE may use to monitor one or more TRSs during a first time interval. The first set of configuration parameters may include periodicity, bandwidth, and other parameters related to the UE-specific TRS. In some examples, the UE may receive a Layer 1 (L1) signal or a Layer 2 (L2) signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters (e.g., configured by the network entity) for a UE-specific TRS, which differs from the first set of configuration parameters. For example, the L1 or L2 signal may include a Media Access Control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) or downlink control information (DCI), which can dynamically indicate the reconfiguration of some configuration parameters. Therefore, the UE can use this second set of configuration parameters to monitor one or more additional TRSs during a second time interval following the first time interval. By dynamically reconfiguring the configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, the network entity can reduce signaling overhead and power consumption because the UE can use these parameters to monitor the TRS configured for that specific UE.

[0006] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include: receiving a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS; during a first time interval, monitoring one or more TRSs based on the message and the first configuration parameter set; receiving an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters; and during a second time interval following the first time interval, monitoring one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 signal or the L2 signal and the second configuration parameter set.

[0007] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and one or more instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor such that the apparatus performs the following operations: receiving, at least in part, a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS based on the one or more instructions; during a first time interval, monitoring one or more TRSs based on the message and the first configuration parameter set; receiving an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters; and during a second time interval following the first time interval, monitoring one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 signal or the L2 signal and the second configuration parameter set.

[0008] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include: means for receiving a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS; means for monitoring one or more TRSs based on the message and the first configuration parameter set during a first time interval; means for receiving an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters; and means for monitoring one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 signal or the L2 signal and the second configuration parameter set during a second time interval following the first time interval.

[0009] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a UE. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS; during a first time interval, monitor one or more TRSs based on the message and the first configuration parameter set; receive an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters; and during a second time interval following the first time interval, monitor one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 signal or the L2 signal and the second configuration parameter set.

[0010] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set may include an operation, feature, component or instruction for receiving the MAC-CE indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the TRS includes a semi-persistent TRS.

[0011] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, components, or instructions for: receiving the MAC-CE indicating the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the MAC-CE includes a bitmap indicating a subset of configuration parameters of the second set of configuration parameters; and during the second time interval, monitoring the one or more additional TRS based on the subset of configuration parameters received from the MAC-CE.

[0012] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, components, or instructions for: receiving a radio resource control (RRC) message indicating a set of multiple configuration parameter sets for a TRS specific to the UE, the set including the second configuration parameter set, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS; and receiving the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the L1 signal or the L2 signal includes MAC-CE.

[0013] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set may include operations, features, components or instructions for receiving the DCI indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS.

[0014] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may further include receiving an RRC message indicating a table including the second configuration parameter set, and receiving, based on receiving the RRC message, the operation, feature, component, or instruction of the DCI indicating the second configuration parameter set.

[0015] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending an acknowledgment message based on receiving the L1 signal or the L2 signal.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the first set of configuration parameters and the second set of configuration parameters include at least one of the following: dynamic activation for a semi-persistent TRS, dynamic deactivation for a semi-persistent TRS, periodicity, density in the frequency domain, power enhancement, bandwidth, location within a bandwidth portion (BWP), number of symbols, time interval, or any combination thereof.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, each configuration parameter in the first configuration parameter set and each configuration parameter in the second configuration parameter set correspond to a resource set identifier.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, monitoring the one or more TRS may include operations, features, components, or instructions for monitoring one or more periodic TRS, one or more semi-persistent TRS, one or more aperiodic TRS, or any combination thereof.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the UE operates in the sub-THz frequency band.

[0020] A method for wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include: transmitting a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS; during a first time interval, transmitting one or more TRSs based on the first configuration parameter set based on transmitting the message; transmitting an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for the UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters; and during a second time interval following the first time interval, transmitting one or more additional TRSs based on the second configuration parameter set based on transmitting the L1 signal or the L2 signal.

[0021] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and one or more instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: transmit a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, at least in part based on the one or more instructions; during a first time interval, transmit one or more TRSs based on the first configuration parameter set, based on transmitting the message; transmit an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters; and during a second time interval following the first time interval, transmit one or more additional TRSs based on the second configuration parameter set, based on transmitting the L1 signal or the L2 signal.

[0022] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include: means for transmitting a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS; means for transmitting one or more TRSs based on the first configuration parameter set during a first time interval, based on transmitting the message; means for transmitting an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters; and means for transmitting one or more additional TRSs based on the second configuration parameter set during a second time interval following the first time interval, based on transmitting the L1 signal or the L2 signal.

[0023] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, which stores code for wireless communication at a base station. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to perform the following operations: transmitting a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS; during a first time interval, transmitting one or more TRSs based on the first configuration parameter set based on transmitting the message; transmitting an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters; and during a second time interval following the first time interval, transmitting one or more additional TRSs based on the second configuration parameter set based on transmitting the L1 signal or the L2 signal.

[0024] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set may include operations, features, components or instructions for transmitting the MAC-CE indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the TRS includes a semi-persistent TRS.

[0025] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, components, or instructions for: transmitting the MAC-CE indicating the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the MAC-CE includes a bitmap indicating a subset of configuration parameters of the second set of configuration parameters; and during the second time interval, transmitting the one or more additional TRSs based on the subset of configuration parameters when transmitting the MAC-CE.

[0026] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, components, or instructions for: sending an RRC message indicating a set of multiple configuration parameter sets for a TRS specific to the UE, the set including the second configuration parameter set, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS; and sending the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the L1 signal or the L2 signal includes MAC-CE.

[0027] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set may include operations, features, components or instructions for transmitting the DCI indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS.

[0028] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may also include sending an RRC message indicating a table including the second configuration parameter set, and sending an operation, feature, component, or instruction of the DCI indicating the second configuration parameter set based on sending the RRC message.

[0029] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an acknowledgment message based on the transmission of the L1 signal or the L2 signal.

[0030] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the first set of configuration parameters and the second set of configuration parameters include at least one of the following: dynamic activation for a semi-persistent TRS, dynamic deactivation for a semi-persistent TRS, periodicity, density in the frequency domain, power enhancement, bandwidth, location within a BWP, number of symbols, time interval, or any combination thereof.

[0031] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, each configuration parameter in the first configuration parameter set and each configuration parameter in the second configuration parameter set correspond to a resource set identifier.

[0032] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the one or more TRS may include operations, features, components, or instructions for transmitting one or more periodic TRS, one or more semi-persistent TRS, one or more aperiodic TRS, or any combination thereof.

[0033] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the UE operates in the sub-THz frequency band. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 Examples of wireless communication systems supporting adaptive user equipment (UE) specific tracking reference signals (TRS) for Asia-Pacific Hertz (sub-THz) systems are illustrated according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0035] Figure 2 Examples of wireless communication systems supporting adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems are illustrated according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0036] Figures 3 to 5 Examples of dynamic signaling structures supporting adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems are illustrated according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 6 Examples of processing flows for adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems are illustrated according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0038] Figure 7 and Figure 8 A block diagram of a device supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0039] Figure 9 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems is shown, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0040] Figure 10 A diagram of a system including a device supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0041] Figure 11 and Figure 12 A block diagram of a device supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0042] Figure 13 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems is shown, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0043] Figure 14 A diagram of a system including a device supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0044] Figures 15 to 22 A flowchart illustrating a method for supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0045] A tracking reference signal (TRS) can be a downlink reference signal used to estimate channel characteristics (e.g., delay spread) in a wireless communication system. In some examples, a TRS can be a cell-specific TRS that provides spatial coverage for the cell and serves all connected user equipment (UEs) within that cell. For example, a network entity can broadcast the same cell-specific TRS to all connected UEs in the cell, and each UE can use the same cell-specific TRS. In some other examples, a TRS can be a UE-specific TRS that serves a single, specific UE. That is, each UE-specific TRS can be dynamically adapted to the specific UE it targets. In systems with a large number of connected UEs in a cell, cell-specific TRS can be more efficient than UE-specific TRS because the network entity can broadcast a cell-specific TRS to all UEs instead of sending a separate UE-specific TRS to each UE. However, in sub-Asia Hertz (sub-THz) systems that may include relatively small cells and fewer UEs, using UE-specific TRS can be more efficient than cell-specific TRS. For example, using cell-specific TRS in sub-THz systems and failing to dynamically adapt the cell-specific TRS and corresponding transmission parameters (e.g., periodicity, bandwidth) to each individual UE may increase signaling overhead and power consumption.

[0046] The techniques described herein provide methods for adapting UE-specific TRSs to sub-THz systems. For example, network entities can dynamically reconfigure UE-specific TRSs and associated parameters for a particular UE. In some examples, the UE can receive a message from a network entity indicating a first set of configuration parameters (e.g., configured by the network entity) for a UE-specific TRS, which the UE can use to monitor one or more TRSs during a first time interval. The first set of configuration parameters may include periodicity, bandwidth, and other parameters related to the UE-specific TRS. In some examples, the UE can receive a Layer 1 (L1) or Layer 2 (L2) signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters (e.g., configured by the network entity) for a UE-specific TRS, which differs from the first set of configuration parameters. For example, the L1 or L2 signal may include a Media Access Control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) or downlink control information (DCI) that can dynamically indicate the reconfiguration of some configuration parameters. Therefore, the UE can use the second set of configuration parameters to monitor one or more additional TRSs during a second time interval following the first time interval. By dynamically reconfiguring the configuration parameters of a UE-specific TRS, the network entity can reduce signaling overhead and power consumption, as the UE can use these parameters to monitor the TRS configured for that specific UE.

[0047] First, aspects of this disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communication system. Then, aspects of this disclosure are described in the context of dynamic signaling structures and processing flows. Aspects of this disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems.

[0048] Figure 1 Examples of wireless communication systems 100 supporting adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems are illustrated according to various aspects of this disclosure. Wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable communication, low-latency communication, communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0049] Network entity 105 may be distributed across a geographical area to form wireless communication system 100, and may be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Network entity 105 and UE 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each network entity 105 may provide a coverage area 110, on which UE 115 and network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. Coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographical area in which network entity 105 and UE 115 may support signal communication according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0050] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the coverage area 110 of wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. UE 115 can be devices in different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 The example UE 115 is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the UE 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s, network entities 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment).

[0051] In some examples, one or more components of the wireless communication system 100 may operate as a network node or be referred to as a network node. As used herein, a network node may refer to any UE 115, network entity 105, core network 130 entity, apparatus, device, or computing system configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a network node may be UE 115. Alternatively, a network node may be network entity 105. Furthermore, a first network node may be configured to communicate with a second or third network node. In one aspect of this example, the first network node may be UE 115, the second network node may be network entity 105, and the third network node may be UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first network node may be UE 115, the second network node may be network entity 105, and the third network node may be network entity 105. In other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third network nodes may be different. Similarly, references to UE 115, network entity 105, device, equipment, or computing system may include disclosures that UE 115, network entity 105, device, equipment, or computing system is a network node. For example, a disclosure that UE 115 is configured to receive information from network entity 105 also discloses that a first network node is configured to receive information from a second network node. In this example, consistent with that disclosure, the first network node may refer to a first UE 115, a first network entity 105, a first device, a first equipment, or a first computing system configured to receive information; and the second network node may refer to a second UE 115, a second network entity 105, a second device, a second equipment, or a second computing system.

[0052] Network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130, communicate with each other, or both. For example, network entity 105 may interact with core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). Network entity 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130) or both via backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces). In some examples, backhaul link 120 may be or include one or more radio links.

[0053] One or more network entities in network entity 105 described herein may include, or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as, transceiver base station, radio network entity, access point, radio transceiver, node B, evolved node B (eNB), next-generation node B or gigabit node B (any of which may be referred to as gNB), home node B, home evolved node B, or other suitable terms.

[0054] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or any other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, etc. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0055] The UE 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that sometimes act as repeaters, as well as network entities 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay network entities, etc. Figure 1 As shown.

[0056] UE 115 and network entity 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of the radio spectrum band (e.g., bandwidth portion (BWP)) operating according to one or more physical layer channels of a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 can support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 can be configured to have multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used for both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0057] In some examples (e.g., in a carrier aggregation configuration), the carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates the operation of other carriers. The carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute Radio Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be located according to a channel grating for discovery by UE 115. The carrier may operate in standalone mode, in which initial acquisition and connection can be performed by UE 115 via the carrier, or the carrier may operate in non-standalone mode, in which different carriers (e.g., the same or different radio access technologies) are used to anchor the connection.

[0058] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include uplink transmission from UE 115 to network entity 105 or downlink transmission from network entity 105 to UE 115. The carrier may carry downlink communication or uplink communication (e.g., in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communication (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0059] A carrier may be associated with a specific bandwidth of the radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, carrier bandwidth may refer to a carrier or the “system bandwidth” of wireless communication system 100. For example, carrier bandwidth may be one of several defined bandwidths of a carrier for a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz). Devices of wireless communication system 100 (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115, or both) may have hardware configurations supporting communication over a specific carrier bandwidth or may be configurable to support communication over a single carrier bandwidth within a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, wireless communication system 100 may include network entity 105 or UE 115 supporting simultaneous communication via carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate on a portion (e.g., subband, BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0060] The signal waveform transmitted on a carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element may include a symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and a subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the decoding rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Therefore, the more resource elements the UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate can be for the UE 115. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers can further improve the data rate or data integrity of communication with the UE 115.

[0061] One or more parameter sets for a carrier can be supported, where the parameter sets may include subcarrier spacing (Δf) and cyclic prefix. A carrier can be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different parameter sets. In some examples, the UE 115 can be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP of a carrier can be active at a given time, and the communication of the UE 115 can be constrained to one or more active BWPs.

[0062] The time interval of network entity 105 or UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, such as the sampling period T. s =1 / (Δf) max ·N f ) seconds, where Δf max This can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, while N f This can represent the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval of the communication resource can be organized according to radio frames, each with a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0063] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may (e.g., in the time domain) be divided into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into several time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include several symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix appended to each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may also be divided into multiple micro-time slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., N) f (Number) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0064] A subframe, time slot, mini-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of short TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0065] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier using various techniques. For example, one or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels on a downlink carrier. The control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) of a physical control channel can be defined by several symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESET) can be configured for a group of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs in UE 115 can monitor or search control regions to obtain control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates from one or more aggregation levels arranged in a concatenated manner. The aggregation level of control channel candidates can refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include: a common search space set configured to transmit control information to multiple UEs 115, and a UE-specific search space set used to transmit control information to a specific UE 115.

[0066] Each network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used to communicate with network entity 105 (e.g., on a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier used to distinguish adjacent cells (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID), or others). In some examples, a cell may also refer to a geographic coverage area 110 or a portion of geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) on which a logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors such as the capabilities of network entity 105, the extent of such cells can range from small areas (e.g., structures, subsets of structures) to large areas. For example, a cell may be or may include buildings, subsets of buildings, or external space between or overlapping geographic coverage areas 110, among other examples.

[0067] Macro cells typically cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and allow unrestricted access to UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider supporting the macro cell. In contrast, small cells can be associated with a lower-power network entity 105 and can operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed or unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells can provide unrestricted access to UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider, or restricted access to UE 115 associated with a small cell (e.g., UE 115 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), or UE 115 associated with a user in a home or office). Network entity 105 can support one or more cells and can also use one or more component carriers to support communication on one or more cells.

[0068] In some examples, a carrier can support multiple cells and can be configured with different cells based on different protocol types that can provide access for different types of devices (e.g., MTC, Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)).

[0069] In some examples, network entity 105 may be mobile, and thus provide communication coverage to mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, while different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0070] The wireless communication system 100 can support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, network entities 105 can have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different network entities 105 can be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, network entities 105 can have different frame timing, and in some examples, transmissions from different network entities 105 can be misaligned in time. The techniques described herein can be used for both synchronous and asynchronous operation.

[0071] Some UE 115s can be configured to operate in a power-saving mode, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports unidirectional communication via transmission or reception but not simultaneous transmission and reception). In some examples, half-duplex communication can be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power-saving techniques for UE 115 include: entering a power-efficient deep sleep mode when not engaged in active communication, operating on limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communication), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UE 115s can be configured to operate using a narrowband protocol type associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., a set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier, within a carrier's guard band, or outside a carrier.

[0072] Wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communication may include private or group communication and may be supported by one or more services, such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritizing services, and such services may be used for public safety applications or general business applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0073] In some examples, UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UE 115s on a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UE 115s utilizing D2D communication may be located within the geographic coverage area 110 of network entity 105. Other UE 115s in this group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of network entity 105, or otherwise unable to receive transmissions from network entity 105. In some examples, the group of UE 115s communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, network entity 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed among these UE 115s without the involvement of network entity 105.

[0074] Core network 130 provides user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a Serving Gateway (S-GW), Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway (P-GW), or User Plane Function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to external networks. The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UE 115 served by network entity 105 associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be delivered through the user plane entity, which provides IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may connect to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0075] Some network devices (such as network entity 105) may include sub-components, such as access network entity 140, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with UE 115 through one or more other access network transmitting entities 145, which may be referred to as a radio headend, smart radio headend, or transmit / receive point (TRP). Each access network transmitting entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or network entity 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio headends and ANCs) or combined into a single network device (e.g., network entity 105).

[0076] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands in the range of, for example, 300 MHz to 300 GHz. Typically, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength range is approximately 1 decimeter to 1 meter. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but these waves are sufficient to penetrate structures so that macrocells can provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to transmissions using smaller frequencies and longer wavelengths in the lower frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, UHF wave transmissions can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0077] The wireless communication system 100 can also operate in the ultra-high frequency (SHF) region using a frequency band from 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also known as the centimeter band) or in the extremely high frequency (EHF) region of a spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also known as the millimeter band). In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 can support millimeter-wave (mmW) communication between the UE 115 and the network entity 105, and the EHF antennas of the individual devices can be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, this can facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the devices. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may be affected by greater atmospheric attenuation and a shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein can be employed for transmissions across one or more different frequency regions, and the frequency band usage specified across these frequency regions may vary by country or regulatory authority.

[0078] Wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 may use licensed assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in unlicensed frequency bands such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band. When operating in unlicensed radio spectrum bands, devices such as network entity 105 and UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation in unlicensed frequency bands may be based on carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) in combination with component carriers operating in licensed frequency bands. Operation in unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmission, uplink transmission, P2P transmission, or D2D transmission, etc.

[0079] Network entity 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ technologies such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels that can support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more network entity antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. Network entity 105 may have an antenna array with multiple rows and columns of antenna ports that network entity 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0080] Network entity 105 or UE 115 can use MIMO communication to leverage multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. This technique is known as spatial multiplexing. For example, multiple signals can be transmitted by a transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, multiple signals can be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals can be referred to as a separate spatial stream and can carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers can be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO). In SU-MIMO, multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, while in MU-MIMO, multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

[0081] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115) to shape or guide an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating in a particular direction relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements may include applying amplitude shifts, phase shifts, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of these antenna elements can be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular direction (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device or relative to some other direction).

[0082] Network entity 105 or UE 115 may use beamsweeping techniques as part of beamforming operations. For example, network entity 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted multiple times by network entity 105 in different directions. For example, network entity 105 may transmit signals according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different transmission directions. Transmission in different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as network entity 105) or by a receiving device (such as UE 115)) the beam direction for later transmission or reception by network entity 105.

[0083] Some signals (such as data signals associated with a specific receiving device) may be transmitted by network entity 105 in a single beam direction (e.g., the direction associated with the receiving device, such as UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on the signals transmitted in one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by network entity 105 in different directions and may report to network entity 105 an indication of signals received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0084] In some examples, transmissions performed by a device (e.g., by network entity 105 or UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital pre-decoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from network entity 105 to UE 115). UE 115 may report feedback indicating pre-decoding weights for one or more beam directions, and this feedback may correspond to a configured number of beams across the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. Network entity 105 may transmit reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)) that may or may not be pre-decoded. UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a pre-decoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., multi-panel codebook, linear combination codebook, port selection codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by network entity 105 in one or more directions, UE 115 may employ similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., to identify beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by UE 115), or to transmit signals in a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0085] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may attempt multiple receiving configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from network entity 105. For example, the receiving device may attempt multiple receiving directions by: receiving via different antenna subarrays; processing the received signal according to different antenna subarrays; receiving according to different sets of receiving beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array (e.g., different directional listening weight sets); or processing the received signal according to different sets of receiving beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” according to different receiving configurations or receiving directions. In some examples, the receiving device may use a single receiving configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal). The single receiving configuration may be aligned on a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receiving configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or other acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0086] The wireless communication system 100 may be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer may be IP-based. The Radio Link Control (RLC) layer performs packet segmentation and reassembly for communication over logical channels. The MAC layer performs priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer may also use error detection, error correction, or both to support retransmissions at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer can provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of RRC connections between UE 115 and network entity 105 or core network 130 that support user plane data radio bearers. At the physical layer, transport channels can be mapped to physical channels. In some examples, the layered protocol stack may support Layer 3 (L3) functionality (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC)) and signaling. A layered protocol stack may include lower protocol layers, such as Layer 1 (L1) (e.g., the physical layer) and Layer 2 (L2) (e.g., Radio Link Control (RLC), Media Access Control (MAC), Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)) functionality and signaling, and different operations and functionalities may be performed by different layers or split between two or more layers. L1 or L2 signaling or signaling may refer to any signal generated at or by one or more components associated with the L1 or L2 protocol layer.

[0087] UE 115 and network entity 105 can support data retransmission to increase the likelihood of successful data reception. Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback is a technique used to increase the likelihood of correct data reception over communication link 125. HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ)). HARQ can improve throughput at the MAC layer under poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise ratio conditions). In some examples, the device may support simultaneous time-slot HARQ feedback, where the device can provide HARQ feedback in a specific time slot for data received in a previous symbol within that time slot. In other cases, the device can provide HARQ feedback in subsequent time slots or according to some other time interval.

[0088] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been designated as frequency ranges FR1 (410MHz–7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz–52.6GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, in various documents and articles, FR1 is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the “sub-6GHz band.” A similar naming issue sometimes occurs with FR2, which is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, although this is distinct from the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (30GHz–300GHz) designated as a “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0089] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified the operating bands used for these mid-band frequencies as the frequency range designation FR3 (7.125GHz–24.25GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, thus effectively extending the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to mid-band frequencies. Furthermore, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as the frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6GHz–71GHz), FR4 (52.6GHz–114.25GHz), and FR5 (114.25GHz–300GHz). Each of these higher bands falls within the EHF band.

[0090] In light of the foregoing, unless otherwise stated, it should be understood that, as used herein, the term "below 6 GHz" and the like can broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, within FR1, or that may include intermediate frequency band frequencies. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, it should be understood that, as used herein, the term "millimeter wave" and the like can broadly refer to frequencies that may include intermediate frequency band frequencies, within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or within the EHF band.

[0091] Some wireless communication systems 100 may support adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THZ frequency bands. The TRS can be a downlink reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS or other reference signals) based on CSI-RS resources, which can be used to estimate channel characteristics such as delay spread, power delay distribution, Doppler correlation, other Doppler characteristics, thermal noise variance estimation, SNR, automatic gain control (AGC), synchronization loop estimation, or any combination thereof (e.g., in 5G systems). In some examples, once configured by higher-layer parameters (e.g., trs-Info=true) under a corresponding resource set (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet), the TRS can be based on or defined as a list of two or four CSI-RS resources used for channel characteristic tracking, synchronization loop tracking, or both. Alternatively, the TRS can be a broadcast signal that provides full spatial coverage of the cell (e.g., cell-specific TRS). Network entity 105 can transmit the cell-specific TRS on all SSB transmission beams in a manner similar to transmitting a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) signal. For example, network entity 105 can use a list of TRS identifiers transmitted on existing SSB beams (which can be configured to be always on) to serve UE 115 connected to the cell. Furthermore, each UE 115 connected to the cell can dynamically select to track one or more cell-specific TRSs corresponding to its currently serving beam.

[0092] Assuming that the channels in a sub-THZ system (e.g., in the frequency range of 5 (FR5) and above) can be relatively flat and static, network entity 105 can primarily use the TRS in the sub-THZ system for synchronization loop maintenance, where the synchronization loop can be used to synchronize transmitted and received signals in time and frequency to reduce data packet loss and network interruptions. In a sub-THZ system, a cell-specific TRS can be considered a higher bandwidth equivalent of an SSB (e.g., interchangeable in the context of synchronization loop tracking under specific conditions for a UE 115 connected to the cell). In some examples, a UE 115 camped within the cell coverage area (e.g., of network entity 105) may use an SSB that includes multiple synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), physical broadcast channel (PBCH)) to discover and camp on or connect to the cell (e.g., the Init Acq procedure), to maintain continuous time and frequency synchronization with network entity 105, to perform beam management procedures, serving beam tracking, and AGC tracking (e.g., in connected mode), and to maintain serving cell and neighboring cell measurements, or any combination thereof, to support mobility and handover procedures between cells.

[0093] In some examples, after camping or connecting to a cell (e.g., after the Init Acq procedure) and after initial synchronization loop convergence, network entity 105 and UE 115 may maintain the synchronization loop based on the communicated SSB, TRS, or both, based on UE 115's SNR, mobility, channel flatness, SSB periodicity, TRS periodicity, or other factors. For example, for UE 115 with a sufficiently high SNR (measured SNR above a threshold), the tracking loop can be relatively more dynamic (e.g., less loop filtering, less loop averaging, and higher loop filter bandwidth) and can operate at a lower loop update rate. Therefore, UE 115 may lack relatively low SSB periodicity and relatively low TRS periodicity at a given time, and still perform synchronization loop maintenance. Conversely, relatively low SSB periodicity, relatively low TRS periodicity, or both, can occur at the cell edge of UE 115 for initial acquisition and synchronization of UE 115 with poor SNR conditions (e.g., the measured SNR is below a threshold). However, assuming that TRS and SSB are broadcast signals, TRS and SSB can target UE 115 with such conditions.

[0094] In some cases, network entity 105 may send a UE-specific TRS to each UE 115 connected to a cell supported by network entity 105, such that each sent UE-specific TRS follows a specific UE serving beam. Thus, UE 115 can avoid performing TRS handover because each UE 115 has a single TRS configured for that UE, which dynamically follows the corresponding beam on which network entity 105 serves UE 115. In cases where there are a large number of connected UE 115s in the cell (e.g., where network entity 105 can broadcast a cell-specific TRS used by multiple UE 115s), cell-specific TRS can be more efficient than UE-specific TRS. Furthermore, UE-specific TRS can be more efficient than cell-specific TRS when there are relatively few connected UE 115s in the cell, compared to the number of SSB or TRS beams used by network entity 105 for full spatial coverage of the cell. That is, if there are a small number of UE 115s, transmitting cell-specific TRS on all beams may waste resources and reduce efficiency, because UE 115s may use a very small subset of beams.

[0095] In sub-THz systems, an increased number of narrower transmit beams (e.g., SSB beams) can be used to overcome efficiency and path loss-related limitations, and the number of UEs 115 in a sub-THz cell can be limited or relatively lower than in other frequency bands (e.g., due to the smaller cell size in sub-THz systems). Therefore, in sub-THz systems, UE-specific TRS can be more efficient than cell-specific TRS because transmitting UE-specific TRS per UE 115 is more efficient than transmitting cell-specific TRS per transmit beam. In some cases, using UE-specific TRS in sub-THz systems allows for dynamic TRS adaptation for each UE 115 (e.g., because UE-specific TRS can be unicast and used by a single UE 115 rather than multiple UEs 115). Compared to using cell-specific TRS (e.g., broadcast TRS and SSB signals) without adapting the transmission parameters of the target UE 115, which is close to the cell edge and has low SNR, transmitting UE-specific TRS and dynamically adapting the transmission parameters (e.g., activation, deactivation, periodicity, bandwidth, frequency domain and time domain modes, and other parameters) corresponding to each UE-specific TRS can reduce reference signal overhead and transmission power consumption in the downlink.

[0096] The wireless communication system 100 can support network entity 105 in adapting to a UE-specific TRS by dynamically reconfiguring different configuration parameters and instructing the reconfiguration to a specific UE 115. In some examples, UE 115 can receive a message from network entity 105 indicating a first set of configuration parameters (e.g., configured by network entity 105) for a UE-specific TRS, which UE 115 can use to monitor one or more TRSs during a first time interval. The first set of configuration parameters may include periodicity, bandwidth, and other parameters related to the UE-specific TRS. In some examples, UE 115 can receive an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters (e.g., configured by network entity 105) for a UE-specific TRS, which is different from the first set of configuration parameters. For example, the L1 signal or L2 signal may include MAC-CE or DCI, which can dynamically indicate the reconfiguration of some configuration parameters. Therefore, UE 115 can use the second set of configuration parameters to monitor one or more additional TRSs during a second time interval following the first time interval.

[0097] By dynamically reconfiguring configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, network entity 105 can reduce signaling overhead and power consumption, as UE 115 can use these parameters to monitor the TRS configured for that specific UE 115. Furthermore, the described techniques reduce signaling overhead for synchronization loop maintenance (e.g., by using a combination of SSB and complementary TRS customized for each UE 115) and improve synchronization loop traction (e.g., by using dynamic time intervals between TRS symbols). Additionally, the described techniques can support TRS adaptation on a per-UE 115 basis or based on scheduling scenarios, and improved TRS coverage. Furthermore, the described techniques can reduce RRC configuration requirements because each UE 115 is configured with a single TRS, and support transparent TRS and TRS beam switching (e.g., a single TRS can be customized for the corresponding UE 115's serving beam).

[0098] Figure 2 Examples of a wireless communication system 200 supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems are illustrated according to various aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 may include UE 115-a, UE 115-b, UE 115-c, and network entity 105-a, which may be examples of the corresponding devices described herein. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may operate in the sub-THz frequency band.

[0099] In some examples, network entity 105-a may use a UE-specific TRS in a sub-THz system for synchronization loop maintenance. Network entity 105-a may maintain the synchronization loop based on SSB, UE-specific TRS, or a combination thereof, and according to a specific rate of synchronization loop updates. Using a UE-specific TRS for such synchronization loop maintenance allows for dynamic UE-specific TRS adaptation per UE 115 based on channel conditions. For example, UE 115 may move closer to cell edge 230 within the cell coverage area of ​​network entity 105-a, potentially causing the SNR corresponding to UE 115 to deteriorate closer to cell edge 230, which could trigger network entity 105-a to adapt a UE-specific TRS.

[0100] For different SNR ranges of UE 115, network entity 105-a can adapt different configuration parameters (e.g., periodicity) associated with a UE-specific TRS. This can result in a specific TRS allocation rate for synchronization loop maintenance to minimize signaling overhead and associated transmission power consumption. For example, UE 115-a can be relatively far from cell edge 230 and relatively close to network entity 105-a. UE 115-a can have a high SNR (e.g., SNR > threshold 1), and the TRS can be deactivated for UE 115-a, allowing the synchronization loop to be maintained based on SSB (e.g., without using TRS). In another example, UE 115-b can be closer to cell edge 230 (e.g., in the middle between network entity 105-a and cell edge 230). UE 115-b can have a medium range of SNR (e.g., threshold 1 > SNR > threshold 2), and a highly periodic TRS can be activated for UE 115-b, allowing the synchronization loop to be maintained based on both SSB and TRS. Additionally, UE 115-c can be located relatively close to the cell edge 230. UE 115-c can have a low SNR (e.g., SNR < threshold 2), and a low-periodic TRS can be activated for UE 115-c, enabling the synchronization loop to be maintained based on SSB and TRS.

[0101] In some examples, UE 115 may be in connected mode (e.g., after initial acquisition and initial synchronization loop convergence), and network entity 105-a may employ some SSB periodicity, which can provide support for SSB-based procedures and target synchronization loop maintenance for UE 115 with an SNR above a certain threshold (e.g., SNR > threshold 1). As UE 115 moves closer to cell edge 230, network entity 105-a can use both TRS and SSB to maintain sufficient synchronization loop update rate and synchronization accuracy. Network entity 105-a can configure UE-specific TRS configuration parameters based on UE 115's SNR status, and network entity 105-a can send TRS more frequently as UE 115 moves from medium SNR to low SNR (e.g., SNR < threshold 2). In some examples, other configuration parameters such as density in the frequency domain, number of TRS symbols, power enhancement, bandwidth, and any other configuration parameters can be addressed for a UE-specific TRS adaptation to achieve a specific synchronization loop update rate or post-processing SNR.

[0102] The wireless communication system 200 can support the adaptation and dynamic reconfiguration of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS in a sub-THZ frequency band. In some examples, network entity 105-a can communicate with UE 115-b via communication link 205-a (e.g., downlink) and communication link 205-b (e.g., uplink). In some examples, UE 115-b can receive message 210 from network entity 105-a, which indicates a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS (e.g., a TRS specific to UE 115-b). UE 115-b can monitor one or more TRS 215s (e.g., TRS 215-a) based on message 210 during a first time interval. That is, TRS 215-a can be associated with a first TRS configuration corresponding to the first set of configuration parameters.

[0103] Network entity 105-a can dynamically reconfigure the first configuration parameter set and dynamically signal the reconfiguration indication to UE 115-b. For example, UE 115-b can receive an L1 signal or L2 signal 220 indicating a second configuration parameter set for a UE-specific TRS, where the second configuration parameter set may differ from the first configuration parameter set. Therefore, UE 115-b can monitor one or more additional TRS 215s (e.g., TRS 215-b) based on the second configuration parameter set during a second time interval following a first time interval. TRS 215-b may be associated with a second TRS configuration corresponding to the second configuration parameter set. In some examples, UE 115-b can send an acknowledgment message 225 to network entity 105-a, indicating that UE 115-b has received a signal 220 indicating reconfigured configuration parameters (e.g., the second configuration parameter set).

[0104] In some examples, TRS215-a and TRS215-b can be periodic TRS, semi-persistent TRS, or aperiodic TRS. For example, since aperiodic TRS can be quasi-coordinated with the corresponding periodic TRS, reconfiguration signaled for a periodic or semi-persistent TRS can also be applied to the corresponding aperiodic TRS. That is, network entity 105-a can reconfigure periodic or semi-persistent TRS and aperiodic TRS using the same indication (e.g., if the aperiodic TRS is configured in a coupled manner for UE 115-b), which can explicitly address the periodic or semi-persistent TRS by referring to the resource set identifier and implicitly address the corresponding aperiodic TRS (e.g., such that UE 115-b can apply the same reconfiguration to the aperiodic TRS resource set). Reconfiguration of periodic, semi-persistent, and aperiodic TRS can be used for parameters defined (e.g., having meaning) for the aperiodic TRS. For example, periodic parameters can be independent of aperiodic TRS, and therefore network entity 105-a can avoid configuring periodic parameters for aperiodic TRS. Additionally, network entity 105-a can dynamically reconfigure the second set of configuration parameters at specific times (e.g., rather than based on each time slot or each allocation).

[0105] In some examples, L1 or L2 signal 220 may include MAC-CE or DCI. For example, network entity 105-a may use MAC-CE to instruct UE 115-b to reconfigure configuration parameters. Such MAC-CE-based reconfiguration may address multiple configuration parameters when a semi-persistent TRS is activated, or address multiple configuration parameters for periodic and semi-persistent TRSs lacking an association with an activation event. In some other examples, network entity 105-a may use MAC-CE to instruct the dynamic selection of active configuration parameters. Additionally or alternatively, network entity 105-a may use unscheduled DCI to explicitly or implicitly instruct the dynamic reconfiguration of parameters for periodic or semi-persistent TRSs.

[0106] As described herein, the first and second configuration parameter sets may include at least one of the following: dynamic activation of a semi-persistent TRS, dynamic deactivation of a semi-persistent TRS, periodicity, density in the frequency domain, power enhancement, bandwidth, location within a BWP, number of symbols, time slot, or any combination thereof. Network entity 105-a may use dynamic reconfiguration of different configuration parameters to adapt to a UE-specific TRS for a particular UE 115. In some cases, network entity 105-a may transmit periodic UE-specific TRS, semi-persistent UE-specific TRS, or aperiodic UE-specific TRS in the wireless communication system 200. For example, TRS 215 may include a semi-persistent TRS that can be dynamically activated or deactivated using periodicity and periodic adaptation (e.g., adaptation to changing channel conditions).

[0107] In some examples, network entity 105-a can adapt and dynamically reconfigure the activation and deactivation of TRS 215, which may be a semi-persistent TRS. Additionally or alternatively, network entity 105-a can adapt and dynamically reconfigure the periodicity of TRS 215. In doing so, network entity 105-a can dynamically reconfigure the periodicity of all CSI-RS resources included in the TRS resource set corresponding to TRS 215. In some cases, network entity 105-a can reconfigure the periodicity per identifier associated with a single TRS 215 or based on a TRS resource set identifier (e.g., which may be applied to all CSI-RS resources included in the indicated TRS resource set). In some examples, network entity 105-a can dynamically reconfigure the periodicity using RRC parameters (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-Resource.periodicityAndOffset). In some cases, network entity 105-a can adapt UE-specific TRS periodicity to one or more periodicities (e.g., 10ms, 20ms, 40ms, 80ms). This can include effectively approaching the deactivation of the periodic UE-specific TRS (e.g., UE 115 can interpret it as deactivation) until any next reconfiguration of the periodicity with a high periodicity option. In some examples, UE 115-b can interpret the lack of periodicity from the network entity as an inactive periodicity resource. Configuration options for periodic TRSs without a periodicity field can be included in a list of TRS configurations, which can be dynamically activated or selected via MAC-CE or based on non-scheduled DCI with implicit configuration signaling or from a predefined list of configuration options.

[0108] In some examples, network entity 105-a can adapt and dynamically reconfigure the density of TRS215 in the frequency domain. For example, network entity 105-a can dynamically reconfigure the density of all CSI-RS resources included in the corresponding TRS resource set using a single indication (e.g., as indicated by each TRS resource set identifier). Additionally, network entity 105-a can dynamically reconfigure the density using specific RRC parameters (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-Resource.ResourceMapping.density and NZP-CSI-RS-Resource.ResourceMapping.frequencyDomainAllocation). In some examples, the first and second rows of the CSI-RS mapping table may be applicable for a single port of CSI-RS. Furthermore, the CSI-RS mapping table can be modified to include additional density options (e.g., by adding new rows to the table or adding more density options below existing rows). If the CSI-RS mapping table is not changed, the first two rows (e.g., corresponding to single-port CSI-RS resources) are applicable to UE-specific TRS configurations and reconfigurations. For sub-THz systems, the list of applicable densities for UE-specific TRS in the frequency domain can be expanded to include densities ρ = 0.125, ρ = 0.25, ρ = 0.5, and ρ = 1, since sub-THz channels can be primarily flat in the frequency domain (e.g., with lower delay spread compared to systems operating at lower frequency bands).

[0109] In high SNR scenarios (e.g., assuming a relatively flat channel) or when changing the periodicity of TRS 215 may fail to achieve the target post-processing SNR and synchronization loop refresh rate (e.g., density can be adjusted using periodic changes), adapting and dynamically reconfiguring the density of UE-specific TRS in the frequency domain can reduce signaling overhead by diluting frequency domain resources. Furthermore, adapting the density of TRS 215 in the frequency domain can enhance the coverage and robustness of TRS 215, as lower density allows for higher gains on TRS resource elements (e.g., and correspondingly higher SNR), which improves the accuracy of time offset and frequency offset estimation for negative SNR.

[0110] In some examples, network entity 105-a can adapt and dynamically reconfigure the power enhancements associated with TRS215. For instance, network entity 105-a can dynamically reconfigure the power enhancements of all CSI-RS resources included in the corresponding TRS resource set using a single indication (e.g., based on the TRS resource set identifier). Network entity 105-a can reconfigure the power enhancements using specific RRC parameters (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-Resource.powerControlOffset and NZP-CSI-RS-Resource.powerControlOffsetSS). Furthermore, adapting power enhancements can be combined with changes to other configuration parameters (e.g., bandwidth) to improve TRS215 post-processing and TRS215 coverage, or to improve serving beam gain and refinement.

[0111] In some cases, network entity 105-a can adapt and dynamically reconfigure the bandwidth of TRS 215 and the location of TRS within the BWP or component carriers. For example, network entity 105-a can use a single indication and specific RRC parameters (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-Resource.ResourceMapping.freqBand.startingRB and NZP-CSI-RS-Resource.ResourceMapping.freqBand.nofRBs) to dynamically reconfigure the bandwidth and location of all CSI-RS resources included in the TRS resource set. For sub-THz systems, the bandwidth limitation on TRS 215 can be modified or removed to give TRS 215 greater bandwidth flexibility, which can reduce associated signaling overhead. That is, the bandwidth of TRS 215 can be aligned or misaligned with the BWP bandwidth, such that the bandwidth is less than, equal to, or greater than 28 or 32 resource blocks (e.g., based on UE capabilities). Network entity 105-a can be adapted to the bandwidth of sub-THz systems, which can exhibit relatively flat and static channels, and where channel estimation can be performed based on a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) (e.g., without TRS assistance when UE 115 is static for short time slot durations or has relatively low mobility). Thus, network entity 105-a can configure a smaller bandwidth for TRS215 to assist in synchronization loop maintenance, which can reduce signaling overhead.

[0112] In some examples, network entity 105-a can adapt and dynamically reconfigure the number of TRS symbols (e.g., UE-specific TRS symbols). For example, network entity 105-a can dynamically configure the number of TRS symbols based on the number of CSI-RS resources configured under a specific RRC parameter (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-Resource, which can configure the parameter trs-info=true). In some examples, network entity 105-a can support one time slot with two TRS symbols or two time slots with four UE-specific TRS symbols per TRS 215 occurrence (e.g., two TRS symbols per time slot). For sub-THz systems, to increase the flexibility in the number of TRS symbols, network entity 105-a can selectively activate or deactivate UE-specific TRS resources (e.g., CSI-RS resources in the corresponding TRS resource set). For example, network entity 105-a can use a four-bit bitmap to signal the activation or deactivation of TRS-related CSI-RS resources. In some examples, the number of adapted TRS symbols can improve the post-processed SNR and coverage of TRS 215 without changing other configuration parameters or in combination with changes to other configuration parameters (e.g., bandwidth, density in the frequency domain, and power enhancement).

[0113] Additionally or alternatively, network entity 105-a may adapt or dynamically reconfigure the TRS time slots. For example, network entity 105-a may reconfigure the location of TRS symbols, the number of TRS symbols allocated per UE-specific TRS, or both. In some examples, network entity 105-a may reconfigure the location using specific RRC parameters complementary to the new bundle TRS symbol location options (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-Resource.ResourceMapping.firstOFDMSymbolInTimeDomain). For sub-THz systems, additional TRS location bundles with different time slots (e.g., more or fewer than four symbols) may be used, and the different time slot options may be coupled to a unique first TRS symbol location for each time slot, such that the configuration of the first TRS symbol location may also indicate the corresponding time slot between two TRS symbols in the time slot.

[0114] In some cases, sub-THz systems can have a higher set of parameters than in other frequency bands (e.g., frequency range 2 (FR2)) to better mitigate the strong phase noise expected in sub-THz carrier frequencies. Therefore, time slot times may be relatively short, and the accuracy of frequency offset estimation based on UE-specific TRS may decrease if the same time gap between TRS symbols can be maintained. Therefore, network entity 105-a may configure larger time gaps between TRS symbols after long UE sleep periods, where there is potential frequency offset drift during the sleep period or due to rapid temperature changes during wake-up. Network entity 105-a may configure smaller time gaps between TRS symbols in the case of low SNR or negative SNR, where the synchronization loop variance may be higher, resulting in more significant frequency offset and time offset errors.

[0115] Figure 3 Examples of dynamic signaling structures 300 supporting adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems are illustrated according to various aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, dynamic signaling structures 300 may be implemented by aspects of wireless communication system 100 and wireless communication system 200. For example, a network entity may dynamically reconfigure one or more configuration parameters associated with a UE-specific TRS and use dynamic signaling to indicate this reconfiguration to the UE.

[0116] For reference Figure 2 As described, the UE can receive a message (e.g., RRC signaling) from a network entity indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. During a first time interval, the UE can monitor one or more TRS 310s (e.g., periodic TRS, semi-persistent TRS) based on the first configuration parameter set upon receiving the message. In some cases, the UE can receive an L1 signal or an L2 signal from the network entity indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, which differs from the first configuration parameter set. Therefore, the UE can monitor one or more additional TRS 310s (e.g., periodic TRS, semi-persistent TRS) based on the second configuration parameter set during a second time interval following the first time interval. That is, the network entity can reconfigure the configuration parameters for a specific UE-specific TRS to reduce signaling overhead and power consumption.

[0117] In some examples, one or more TRS 310s (e.g., TRS 310-a) associated with a first set of configuration parameters may correspond to TRS configuration 305-a (e.g., TRS conf1), and one or more additional TRS 310s (e.g., TRS 310-b, TRS 310-c, TRS 310-d) associated with a second set of configuration parameters may correspond to TRS configuration 305-b (e.g., TRSconf2). TRS configuration 305 may indicate the active configuration parameters used to transmit a specific TRS 310. Thus, the UE can monitor TRS 310-a with TRS configuration 305-a during a first time interval, and TRS 310-b, TRS 310-c, and TRS 310-d with TRS configuration 305-b during a second time interval. Additionally, a TRS 310 with TRS configuration 305-a or TRS configuration 305-b may each correspond to a first TRS resource set identifier (e.g., TRS resource set ID1).

[0118] In some examples, the L1 or L2 signal may include a MAC-CE 315, which may carry an explicit indication of reconfiguration of a subset of configuration parameters (e.g., from TRS configuration 305-a to TRS configuration 305-b). For example, the UE may receive a PDSCH with a MAC-CE 315 indicating a second set of configuration parameters. In some cases, the MAC-CE 315 may address multiple configuration parameters when activating TRS 310. That is, a network entity may use a first TRS resource set identifier to activate TRS 310, which may be applied to all CSI-RS resources included in the indicated TRS resource set identifier. The network entity may use a dedicated bitmap field in the MAC-CE 315 to indicate that TRS 310 is activated. For example, if the corresponding TRS resource set includes four CSI-RS resources and MAC-CE 315 includes an activation bitmap field

[1100] , the network entity can activate the first two CSI-RS resources (e.g., corresponding to the “1” bit in the bitmap) and avoid activating the last two CSI-RS resources (e.g., corresponding to the “0” bit in the bitmap).

[0119] In some examples, MAC-CE 315 can address multiple configuration parameters for periodic and semi-persistent TRSs that lack coupling with an activation event. For example, MAC-CE 315 can instruct reconfiguration of multiple configuration parameters for active and inactive TRSs (e.g., TRS 310 and the corresponding CSI-RS resources) before activation or during the activity of TRS 310. Thus, MAC-CE 315 can reconfigure configuration parameters for both periodic and semi-persistent TRSs. In some examples, reconfiguration can be based on a first TRS resource set identifier and can be applied to all CSI-RS resources included in the first TRS resource set. For example, reconfiguration can be applied to TRS 310-b, TRS 310-c, and TRS 310-d.

[0120] In some cases, the UE may send an acknowledgment message 320 to the network entity to indicate that the UE has received a PDSCH carrying MAC-CE 315. After a period of N time slots following the UE sending the acknowledgment message 320 at point 325, TRS configuration 305-b may become applicable to the next transmission of TRS 310 (e.g., the CSI-RS resource listed under the first TRS resource set identifier), including TRS 310-b, TRS 310-c, TRS 310-d, and any other TRS 310, until the UE receives another indication for reconfiguration. That is, TRS configuration 305-b may become active after N time slots following the UE sending the acknowledgment message 320 for the corresponding PDSCH carrying MAC-CE 315.

[0121] Figure 4 Examples of dynamic signaling structures 400 supporting adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems are illustrated according to various aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, dynamic signaling structures 400 may be implemented by aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, a network entity may dynamically reconfigure one or more configuration parameters associated with a UE-specific TRS and use dynamic signaling to indicate this reconfiguration to the UE.

[0122] For reference Figure 2As described, the UE can receive a message (e.g., RRC signaling) from a network entity indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. During a first time interval, the UE can monitor one or more TRS 410s (e.g., periodic TRS, semi-persistent TRS) based on the first configuration parameter set upon receiving the message. In some cases, the UE can receive an L1 signal or an L2 signal from the network entity indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, which differs from the first configuration parameter set. Therefore, the UE can monitor one or more additional TRS 410s (e.g., periodic TRS, semi-persistent TRS) based on the second configuration parameter set during a second time interval following the first time interval. That is, the network entity can reconfigure the configuration parameters for a specific UE-specific TRS to reduce signaling overhead and power consumption.

[0123] In some examples, one or more TRS 410s (e.g., TRS 410-a) associated with a first set of configuration parameters may correspond to TRS configuration 405-a (e.g., TRS conf1), and one or more additional TRSs (e.g., TRS 410-b, TRS 410-c, TRS 410-d) associated with a second set of configuration parameters may correspond to TRS configuration 405-b (e.g., TRSconf2). TRS configuration 405 may indicate the active configuration parameters used to transmit a specific TRS 410. Thus, the UE can monitor TRS 410-a with TRS configuration 405-a during a first time interval, and TRS 410-b, TRS 410-c, and TRS 410-d with TRS configuration 405-b during a second time interval. Additionally, a TRS 410 with TRS configuration 405-a or TRS configuration 405-b may each correspond to a first TRS resource set identifier (e.g., TRS resource set ID1).

[0124] The UE can receive messages from network entities that indicate multiple pre-configured TRS configurations (e.g., via RRC configuration) for periodic and semi-persistent TRS. Specifically, the message can indicate TRS configuration list 430-a and TRS configuration list 430-b. Each TRS configuration list 430 may include TRS configuration 405-a, TRS configuration 405-b, and any other N TRS configurations 405 that can be activated during a specific time interval. For example, TRS configuration list 430-a can indicate that TRS configuration 405-a is active during a first time interval (e.g., for the transmission of TRS 410-a). In other words, the message can indicate to the network entity a default configuration (e.g., TRS configuration 405-a) that can be applied before any MAC-CE-based activation or indication, which can then select one of the pre-configured TRS configurations.

[0125] In some examples, the L1 or L2 signal may include MAC-CE 415, which may indicate the dynamic selection of TRS configuration 405 from the list of TRS configurations to be activated 430-b. That is, a network entity can dynamically activate (e.g., select, indicate) TRS configuration 405 by sending a PDSCH including MAC-CE 415. The TRS configuration 405 indicated in MAC-CE 415 may become the active TRS configuration 405 for the addressed TRS resource set until the next MAC-CE activation or reconfiguration. For example, MAC-CE 415 may indicate TRS configuration 405 as the active TRS configuration, and therefore, TRS configuration list 430-b may indicate that TRS configuration 405-b is the active TRS configuration 405 during a second time interval.

[0126] Based on the receipt of MAC-CE 415, the UE can send an acknowledgment message 420 to the network entity to indicate that the UE has received a PDSCH carrying MAC-CE 415. After a period of N time slots following the transmission of acknowledgment message 420, at 425, TRS configuration 405-b (e.g., indicated in MAC-CE 415) can become active for the next transmission of TRS 410 (e.g., the CSI-RS resource listed under the first TRS resource set identifier), including TRS 410-b, TRS 410-c, TRS 410-d, and any other TRS 410, until the UE receives another indication for reconfiguration. That is, the TRS configuration 405 indicated in MAC-CE 415 can be applied to both active and inactive semi-persistent TRSs (e.g., and the corresponding CSI-RS resources).

[0127] Figure 5Examples of dynamic signaling structures 500 supporting adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems are illustrated according to various aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, the dynamic signaling structure 500 may be implemented by aspects of wireless communication system 100 and wireless communication system 200. For example, a network entity may dynamically reconfigure one or more configuration parameters associated with a UE-specific TRS and use dynamic signaling to indicate this reconfiguration to the UE.

[0128] For reference Figure 2 As described, the UE can receive a message (e.g., RRC signaling) from a network entity indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. During a first time interval, the UE can monitor one or more TRS 510s (e.g., periodic TRS, semi-persistent TRS) based on the first configuration parameter set upon receiving the message. In some cases, the UE can receive an L1 signal or an L2 signal from the network entity indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, which differs from the first configuration parameter set. Therefore, the UE can monitor one or more additional TRS 510s (e.g., periodic TRS, semi-persistent TRS) based on the second configuration parameter set during a second time interval following the first time interval. That is, the network entity can reconfigure the configuration parameters for a specific UE-specific TRS to reduce signaling overhead and power consumption.

[0129] In some examples, one or more TRS 510s (e.g., TRS 510-a) associated with a first set of configuration parameters may correspond to TRS configuration 505-a (e.g., TRS conf1), and one or more additional TRSs (e.g., TRS 510-b, TRS 510-c, TRS 510-d) associated with a second set of configuration parameters may correspond to TRS configuration 505-b (e.g., TRSconf2). TRS configuration 505 may indicate the active configuration parameters used to transmit a specific TRS 510. Thus, the UE can monitor TRS 510-a with TRS configuration 505-a during a first time interval, and TRS 510-b, TRS 510-c, and TRS 510-d with TRS configuration 505-b during a second time interval. Additionally, a TRS 510 with TRS configuration 505-a or TRS configuration 505-b may each correspond to a first TRS resource set identifier (e.g., TRS resource set ID1).

[0130] In some examples, L1 or L2 signals may include DCI 515 (e.g., unscheduled DCI) that can explicitly or implicitly indicate dynamic reconfiguration of configuration parameters for TRS 510 (e.g., periodic TRS and semi-persistent TRS). In some cases, messages to the UE may include a pre-configured table of configuration parameters (e.g., configuration parameters for RRC configuration). Network entities can use DCI 515 to dynamically indicate TRS configuration 505 from the pre-configured table, which may follow an unscheduled DCI format specifically for dynamic indication of configuration parameters. This reconfiguration can be applied to all CSI-RS resources included in the corresponding TRS resource set.

[0131] In some cases, the UE may send an acknowledgment message 520 to the network entity to indicate that the UE has received DCI 515. At 525, TRS configuration 505-b may be activated after a predefined offset (e.g., M time slots) relative to the time slot index at which the UE received DCI 515 (e.g., after the UE sends acknowledgment message 520). TRS configuration 505-b may override the TRS configuration of the RRC configuration or the currently used TRS configuration 505 (e.g., TRS configuration 505-a). TRS configuration 505-b may be activated for the next transmission of TRS 510, which includes TRS 510-b, TRS 510-c, TRS 510-d, and any other TRS 510, until the UE receives another DCI indicating reconfiguration. DCI-based reconfiguration may be applied to active semi-persistent TRS and inactive semi-persistent TRS (e.g., TRS 510 and corresponding CSI-RS resources).

[0132] Figure 6 An example of a processing flow 600 supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems is illustrated according to various aspects of this disclosure. Processing flow 600 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100 and wireless communication system 200, or may be implemented by aspects of wireless communication system 100 and wireless communication system 200. For example, processing flow 600 may exemplify operations between UE 115-d and network entity 105-b (which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein). In the following description of processing flow 600, operations between UE 115-d and network entity 105-b may be transmitted in a different order than the example order shown, or operations performed by UE 115-d and network entity 105-b may be performed in a different order or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from processing flow 600, and other operations may be added to processing flow 600.

[0133] At 605, UE 115-d may receive from network entity 105-b a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a TRS specific to UE 115-d (e.g., a UE-specific TRS). The first set of configuration parameters may include at least one of the following: dynamic activation for a semi-persistent TRS, dynamic deactivation for a semi-persistent TRS, periodicity, density in the frequency domain, power enhancement, bandwidth, location within a BWP, number of symbols, time slot, or any combination thereof.

[0134] At 610, UE 115-d can monitor one or more TRSs based on the message and according to the first configuration parameter set during the first time interval. At 615, network entity 105-b can send one or more TRSs to UE 115-d according to the first configuration parameter set during the first time interval. That is, the one or more TRSs can have the first TRS configuration.

[0135] At 620, UE 115-d may receive an L1 signal or an L2 signal from network entity 105-b, the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a TRS specific to UE 115-d, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters. In some examples, the second set of parameters may include at least one of the following: dynamic activation for a semi-persistent TRS, dynamic deactivation for a semi-persistent TRS, periodicity, density in the frequency domain, power enhancement, bandwidth, location within a BWP, number of symbols, time slot, or any combination thereof. Additionally or alternatively, the L1 signal or L2 signal may include a MAC-CE indicating a dynamic selection of one or more configuration parameters or active TRS configuration to be activated, or a DCI that may implicitly or explicitly indicate a dynamic reconfiguration of configuration parameters.

[0136] At 625, UE 115-d can send an acknowledgment message to network entity 105-b based on the receipt of an L1 signal or an L2 signal. The acknowledgment message can indicate that UE 115-d has received an L1 signal or an L2 signal, thereby indicating that the next transmitted TRS can correspond to the TRS configuration indicated in the L1 signal or L2 signal.

[0137] At 630, UE 115-d may monitor one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 or L2 signal according to a second configuration parameter set during a second time interval following the first time interval. At 635, network entity 105-b may send one or more additional TRSs to UE 115-d during the second time interval according to the second configuration parameter set. That is, the one or more additional TRSs may have a second TRS configuration.

[0138] Figure 7A block diagram 700 of a device 705 supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 705 may be an example of various aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. Device 705 may include a receiver 710, a transmitter 715, and a communications manager 720. Device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0139] Receiver 710 may provide components for receiving information, such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof, associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems). Information may be passed to other components of device 705. Receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0140] Transmitter 715 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 705. For example, transmitter 715 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems). In some examples, transmitter 715 may be co-located with receiver 710 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 715 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0141] The communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components for performing various aspects of an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems as described herein. For example, the communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0142] In some examples, the communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic component, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, configured to or otherwise support components for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, the processor and memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in memory by the processor).

[0143] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in processor-executed code, the functionality of the communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, central processing unit (CPU), ASIC, FPGA, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., components configured or otherwise supported for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0144] In some examples, the communication manager 720 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 720 may receive information from the receiver 710, transmit information to the transmitter 715, or be integrated with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0145] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 720 may support wireless communication at the UE. For example, the communication manager 720 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for receiving a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. The communication manager 720 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for monitoring one or more TRSs based on the first configuration parameter set during a first time interval, based on the message. The communication manager 720 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for receiving an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters. The communication manager 720 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for monitoring one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 signal or L2 signal during a second time interval following the first time interval, based on the second configuration parameter set.

[0146] By including or configuring the communication manager 720 according to the examples described herein, device 705 (e.g., a processor that controls or is otherwise coupled to receiver 710, transmitter 715, communication manager 720, or combinations thereof) can support techniques for adapting and dynamically reconfiguring configuration parameters for UE-specific TRS in sub-THz systems, which can reduce signaling overhead and power consumption. Furthermore, the described techniques can improve UE-specific TRS coverage and enable optimization of UE-specific TRS for one or more UEs.

[0147] Figure 8A block diagram 800 of a device 805 supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 805 may be an example of a device 705 as described herein or a aspect of UE 115. Device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. Device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0148] Receiver 810 may provide components for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems). Information may be passed to other components of device 805. Receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0149] Transmitter 815 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 805. For example, transmitter 815 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems). In some examples, transmitter 815 may be co-located with receiver 810 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0150] Device 805 or its various components may be examples of constructs for performing various aspects of adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems as described herein. For example, communication manager 820 may include message receiving component 825, TRS monitoring component 830, L1 / L2 receiving component 835, monitoring component 840, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 820 may be examples of aspects of communication manager 720 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 820 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with receiver 810, transmitter 815, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, communication manager 820 may receive information from receiver 810, transmit information to transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with receiver 810, transmitter 815, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0151] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communication at the UE. The message receiving component 825 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. The TRS monitoring component 830 may be configured or otherwise supported for monitoring one or more TRSs based on the message and the first configuration parameter set during a first time interval. The L1 / L2 receiving component 835 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters. The monitoring component 840 may be configured or otherwise supported for monitoring one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 signal or L2 signal and the second configuration parameter set during a second time interval following the first time interval.

[0152] Figure 9 A block diagram 900 is shown of a communication manager 920 supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems according to various aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 920 may be an example of a communication manager 720, a communication manager 820, or aspects thereof as described herein. The communication manager 920 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems as described herein. For example, the communication manager 920 may include a message receiving component 925, a TRS monitoring component 930, an L1 / L2 receiving component 935, a monitoring component 940, a MAC-CE receiving component 945, an RRC message receiving component 950, a signal receiving component 955, a DCI receiving component 960, an acknowledgment sending component 965, a table component 970, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0153] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 920 may support wireless communication at the UE. The message receiving component 925 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. The TRS monitoring component 930 may be configured or otherwise supported for monitoring one or more TRSs based on the message and the first set of configuration parameters during a first time interval. The L1 / L2 receiving component 935 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters. The monitoring component 940 may be configured or otherwise supported for monitoring one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 signal or L2 signal and the second set of configuration parameters during a second time interval following the first time interval.

[0154] In some examples, in order to support the reception of L1 or L2 signals indicating a second set of configuration parameters, the MAC-CE receiving component 945 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving components of the MAC-CE indicating a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the TRS includes a semi-persistent TRS.

[0155] In some examples, the MAC-CE receiving component 945 may be configured or otherwise supported to receive a component for receiving a MAC-CE element indicating a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the MAC-CE includes a bitmap indicating a subset of configuration parameters of the second set of configuration parameters. In some examples, the monitoring component 940 may be configured or otherwise supported to monitor one or more additional TRSs based on the received MAC-CE according to the subset of configuration parameters during a second time interval.

[0156] In some examples, the RRC message receiving component 950 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving RRC messages indicating a set of multiple configuration parameter sets for a UE-specific TRS, including a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS. In some examples, the signal receiving component 955 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving L1 or L2 signals indicating a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the L1 or L2 signal includes a MAC-CE.

[0157] In some examples, in order to support the reception of an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters, the DCI receiving component 960 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a component for receiving a DCI indicating a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS.

[0158] In some examples, table component 970 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving an RRC message indicating a table including a second set of configuration parameters. In some examples, DCI receiving component 960 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving a DCI indicating a second set of configuration parameters based on the received RRC message.

[0159] In some examples, the acknowledgment sending component 965 may be configured or otherwise supported as a component for sending an acknowledgment message based on the receipt of an L1 signal or an L2 signal.

[0160] In some examples, the first and second configuration parameter sets include at least one of the following: dynamic activation for a semi-persistent TRS, dynamic deactivation for a semi-persistent TRS, periodicity, density in the frequency domain, power enhancement, bandwidth, location within a BWP, number of symbols, time slot, or any combination thereof. In some examples, each configuration parameter of the first and second configuration parameter sets corresponds to a resource set identifier.

[0161] In some examples, to support the monitoring of one or more TRSs, the TRS monitoring component 930 can be configured or otherwise supported for monitoring one or more periodic TRSs, one or more semi-persistent TRSs, one or more aperiodic TRSs, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the UE operates in the sub-THz band.

[0162] Figure 10 A diagram of a system 1000 including device 1005 supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1005 may be an example of device 705, device 805, or UE 115 as described herein, or a component including such devices. Device 1005 may wirelessly communicate with one or more network entities 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 1005 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 1020, an input / output (I / O) controller 1010, a transceiver 1015, an antenna 1025, a memory 1030, a code 1035, and a processor 1040. These components may communicate electronically via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1045) or be coupled in other ways (e.g., operational ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground).

[0163] I / O controller 1010 manages the input and output signals of device 1005. I / O controller 1010 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 1005. In some cases, I / O controller 1010 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 1010 may utilize an operating system, such as... Alternatively, it may be another known operating system. Additionally or alternatively, the I / O controller 1010 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1010 may be implemented as part of a processor such as processor 1040. In some cases, a user may interact with device 1005 via the I / O controller 1010 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1010.

[0164] In some cases, device 1005 may include a single antenna 1025. However, in other cases, device 1005 may have more than one antenna 1025, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 1015 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1025, a wired link, or a wireless link as described herein. For example, transceiver 1015 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1015 may also include a modem for modulating packets, for providing modulated packets to one or more antennas 1025 for transmission, and for demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1025. Transceiver 1015, or transceiver 1015 and one or more antennas 1025, may be an example of transmitter 715, transmitter 815, receiver 710, receiver 810, or any combination thereof or any component thereof as described herein.

[0165] Memory 1030 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 1030 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1035, including instructions that, when executed by processor 1040, cause device 1005 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1035 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1035 may not be directly executable by processor 1040, but may enable a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, in addition, memory 1030 may also include a basic I / O system (BIOS) that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0166] Processor 1040 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1040 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1040. Processor 1040 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1030) to cause device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., supporting various functions or tasks of adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems). For example, device 1005 or components of device 1005 may include processor 1040 and memory 1030 coupled to or coupled to processor 1040, processor 1040 and memory 1030 being configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0167] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication at the UE. For example, the communication manager 1020 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for receiving a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. The communication manager 1020 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for monitoring one or more TRSs based on the first configuration parameter set during a first time interval, based on the message. The communication manager 1020 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for receiving an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters. The communication manager 1020 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for monitoring one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 signal or L2 signal during a second time interval following the first time interval, based on the second configuration parameter set.

[0168] By including or configuring the communication manager 1020 according to the examples described herein, device 1005 can support techniques for adapting and dynamically reconfiguring configuration parameters for UE-specific TRS in sub-THz systems, which can reduce signaling overhead and power consumption. Furthermore, the described techniques can improve UE-specific TRS coverage and enable optimization of UE-specific TRS for specific UEs.

[0169] In some examples, the communication manager 1020 may be configured to cooperate with transceiver 1015, one or more antennas 1025, or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). Although the communication manager 1020 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1020 may be supported or executed by processor 1040, memory 1030, code 1035, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1035 may include instructions that can be executed by processor 1040 to cause device 1005 to perform various aspects of the adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems as described herein, or processor 1040 and memory 1030 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0170] Figure 11 A block diagram 1100 of an apparatus 1105 supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Apparatus 1105 may be an example of various aspects of network entity 105 as described herein. Apparatus 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a transmitter 1115, and a communications manager 1120. Apparatus 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0171] Receiver 1110 may provide components for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems). Information may be passed to other components of device 1105. Receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0172] Transmitter 1115 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 1105. For example, transmitter 1115 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems). In some examples, transmitter 1115 may be co-located with receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 1115 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0173] The communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components for performing various aspects of an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0174] In some examples, the communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs, or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, configured to or otherwise support components for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, the processor and memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in memory by the processor).

[0175] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by any combination of a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, or these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., components configured or otherwise supported for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0176] In some examples, the communication manager 1120 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 1120 may receive information from the receiver 1110, transmit information to the transmitter 1115, or be integrated with the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0177] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication at a network entity. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise support components for transmitting a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise support components for transmitting one or more TRSs based on the first configuration parameter set during a first time interval, based on transmitting the message. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise support components for transmitting an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second configuration parameter set differs from the first configuration parameter set. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise support components for transmitting one or more additional TRSs based on the second configuration parameter set during a second time interval following the first time interval, based on transmitting the L1 signal or the L2 signal.

[0178] By including or configuring the communication manager 1120 according to the examples described herein, device 1105 (e.g., a processor that controls or is otherwise coupled to receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, communication manager 1120, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for adapting and dynamically reconfiguring configuration parameters for UE-specific TRS in sub-THz systems, techniques that reduce signaling overhead and power consumption. Furthermore, the described techniques can improve UE-specific TRS coverage and enable optimization of UE-specific TRS for a particular UE.

[0179] Figure 12 A block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 1205 may be an example of aspects of device 1105 as described herein or network entity 105. Device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a transmitter 1215, and a communications manager 1220. Device 1205 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0180] Receiver 1210 may provide components for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels associated with adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems). Information may be passed to other components of device 1205. Receiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0181] Transmitter 1215 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 1205. For example, transmitter 1215 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems). In some examples, transmitter 1215 may be co-located with receiver 1210 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 1215 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0182] Device 1205 or its various components may be examples of constructs for performing various aspects of an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems as described herein. For example, communication manager 1220 may include message transmission component 1225, TRS component 1230, L1 / L2 transmission component 1235, TRS transmission component 1240, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 1220 may be examples of aspects of communication manager 1120 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 1220 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, communication manager 1220 may receive information from receiver 1210, transmit information to transmitter 1215, or be integrated in combination with receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0183] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication at a network entity. The message transmission component 1225 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for transmitting a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. The TRS component 1230 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for transmitting one or more TRSs based on the first configuration parameter set during a first time interval, based on transmitting the message. The L1 / L2 transmission component 1235 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for transmitting an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters. The TRS transmission component 1240 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for transmitting one or more additional TRSs based on the second configuration parameter set during a second time interval following the first time interval, based on transmitting the L1 signal or the L2 signal.

[0184] Figure 13A block diagram 1300 is shown of a communication manager 1320 supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems according to various aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 1320 may be an example of a communication manager 1120, a communication manager 1220, or aspects thereof as described herein. The communication manager 1320 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1320 may include a message sending component 1325, a TRS component 1330, an L1 / L2 sending component 1335, a TRS sending component 1340, an RRC message sending component 1345, a DCI sending component 1350, an acknowledgment receiving component 1355, a MAC-CE sending component 1360, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0185] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1320 may support wireless communication at a network entity. The message transmission component 1325 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for transmitting a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. The TRS component 1330 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for transmitting one or more TRSs based on the first configuration parameter set during a first time interval, based on transmitting the message. The L1 / L2 transmission component 1335 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for transmitting an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters. The TRS transmission component 1340 may be configured or otherwise supported to include means for transmitting one or more additional TRSs based on the second configuration parameter set during a second time interval following the first time interval, based on transmitting the L1 signal or the L2 signal.

[0186] In some examples, in order to support the transmission of L1 or L2 signals indicating a second set of configuration parameters, the L1 / L2 transmission component 1335 may be configured or otherwise support a component for transmitting a MAC-CE indicating a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the TRS includes a semi-persistent TRS.

[0187] In some examples, the MAC-CE transmitting component 1360 may be configured or otherwise supported to transmit a component for transmitting a MAC-CE indicating a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the MAC-CE includes a bitmap indicating a subset of configuration parameters of the second set of configuration parameters. In some examples, the TRS transmitting component 1340 may be configured or otherwise supported to transmit one or more additional TRS components based on the subset of configuration parameters during a second time interval, according to the transmitting MAC-CE.

[0188] In some examples, the RRC message transmission component 1345 may be configured or otherwise supported to transmit an RRC message indicating a set of multiple configuration parameter sets for a UE-specific TRS, including a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS. In some examples, the L1 / L2 transmission component 1335 may be configured or otherwise supported to transmit an L1 signal or L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the L1 signal or the L2 signal includes a MAC-CE.

[0189] In some examples, in order to support the transmission of L1 or L2 signals indicating a second set of configuration parameters, the DCI transmission component 1350 may be configured or otherwise supported to support components for transmitting DCIs indicating a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS.

[0190] In some examples, the RRC message sending component 1345 may be configured or otherwise supported to include components for sending RRC messages indicating a table that includes a second set of configuration parameters. In some examples, the DCI sending component 1350 may be configured or otherwise supported to include components for sending DCIs indicating a second set of configuration parameters based on sending RRC messages.

[0191] In some examples, the acknowledgment receiving component 1355 may be configured or otherwise supported for receiving acknowledgment messages based on the transmission of L1 or L2 signals.

[0192] In some examples, the first and second configuration parameter sets include at least one of the following: dynamic activation for a semi-persistent TRS, dynamic deactivation for a semi-persistent TRS, periodicity, density in the frequency domain, power enhancement, bandwidth, location within a BWP, number of symbols, time slot, or any combination thereof. In some examples, each configuration parameter of the first and second configuration parameter sets corresponds to a resource set identifier.

[0193] In some examples, to support the transmission of one or more TRSs, the TRS component 1330 may be configured or otherwise support components for transmitting one or more periodic TRSs, one or more semi-persistent TRSs, one or more aperiodic TRSs, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the UE operates in a sub-THz frequency band.

[0194] Figure 14A diagram of a system 1400 including device 1405 supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1405 may be an example of device 1105, device 1205, or network entity 105 as described herein, or may include components thereof. Device 1405 may wirelessly communicate with one or more network entities 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 1405 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 1420, a network communication manager 1410, a transceiver 1415, an antenna 1425, a memory 1430, a code 1435, a processor 1440, and an inter-station communication manager 1445. These components may communicate electronically or otherwise (e.g., operative ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1450).

[0195] Network communication manager 1410 can manage communication with core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, network communication manager 1410 can manage the delivery of data communication to client devices such as one or more UEs 115.

[0196] In some cases, device 1405 may include a single antenna 1425. However, in other cases, device 1405 may have more than one antenna 1425, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 1415 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1425, a wired link, or a wireless link as described herein. For example, transceiver 1415 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1415 may also include a modem for modulating packets, for providing modulated packets to one or more antennas 1425 for transmission, and for demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1425. Transceiver 1415, or transceiver 1415 and one or more antennas 1425, may be an example of transmitter 1115, transmitter 1215, receiver 1110, receiver 1210, or any combination thereof or any component thereof as described herein.

[0197] Memory 1430 may include RAM and ROM. Memory 1430 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1435, including instructions that, when executed by processor 1440, cause device 1405 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1435 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1435 may not be directly executable by processor 1440, but may enable a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some additional cases, memory 1430 may also contain a BIOS, which controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0198] Processor 1440 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1440 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1440. Processor 1440 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1430) to cause device 1405 to perform various functions (e.g., supporting various functions or tasks of adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems). For example, device 1405 or components of device 1405 may include processor 1440 and memory 1430 coupled to or coupled to processor 1440, processor 1440 and memory 1430 being configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0199] Inter-site communication manager 1445 manages communication with other network entities 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for cooperating with other network entities 105 to control communication with UE 115. For example, inter-site communication manager 1445 may coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, inter-site communication manager 1445 may provide an X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to facilitate communication between network entities 105.

[0200] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1420 may support wireless communication at a network entity. For example, the communication manager 1420 may be configured or otherwise support components for transmitting a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. The communication manager 1420 may be configured or otherwise support components for transmitting one or more TRSs based on the first configuration parameter set during a first time interval, based on transmitting the message. The communication manager 1420 may be configured or otherwise support components for transmitting an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second configuration parameter set differs from the first configuration parameter set. The communication manager 1420 may be configured or otherwise support components for transmitting one or more additional TRSs based on the second configuration parameter set during a second time interval following the first time interval, based on transmitting the L1 signal or the L2 signal.

[0201] By including or configuring the communication manager 1420 according to the examples described herein, the device 1405 can support techniques for adapting and dynamically reconfiguring configuration parameters for UE-specific TRS in sub-THz systems, which can reduce signaling overhead and power consumption. Furthermore, the described techniques can improve UE-specific TRS coverage and enable optimization of UE-specific TRS for a specific UE.

[0202] In some examples, the communication manager 1420 may be configured to cooperate with transceiver 1415, one or more antennas 1425, or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). Although the communication manager 1420 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1420 may be supported or performed by processor 1440, memory 1430, code 1435, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1435 may include instructions that can be executed by processor 1440 to cause device 1405 to perform various aspects of the adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems as described herein, or processor 1440 and memory 1430 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0203] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for a sub-THz system, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1500 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1500 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 1 to 10The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0204] At 1505, the method may include: receiving a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters specific to the UE's TRS. The operation of 1505 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1505 may be provided by reference to... Figure 9 The message receiving component 925 described herein shall be used to perform this action.

[0205] At 1510, the method may include: during a first time interval, monitoring one or more TRSs based on the message and according to a first set of configuration parameters. The operation of 1510 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1510 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 9 The TRS monitoring component 930 is used to perform this function.

[0206] At 1515, the method may include: receiving an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters. Operation of 1515 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1515 may be provided by reference to... Figure 9 The L1 / L2 receiving component 935 performs this action.

[0207] At 1520, the method may include: during a second time interval following the first time interval, monitoring one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 or L2 signal according to a second set of configuration parameters. The operation of 1520 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1520 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 9 The monitoring component 940 performs this function.

[0208] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for a sub-THz system, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1600 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1600 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 1 to 10 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0209] At 1605, the method may include: receiving a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters specific to the UE's TRS. The operation of 1605 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1605 may be provided by reference to... Figure 9 The message receiving component 925 described herein shall be used to perform this action.

[0210] At 1610, the method may include: during a first time interval, monitoring one or more TRSs based on the message and according to a first set of configuration parameters. The operation of 1610 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1610 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 9 The TRS monitoring component 930 is used to perform this function.

[0211] At 1615, the method may include: receiving a MAC-CE indicating a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the TRS includes a semi-persistent TRS. The operation of 1615 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1615 may be derived from references... Figure 9 The MAC-CE receiver component 945 described is executed.

[0212] At 1620, the method may include: during a second time interval following the first time interval, monitoring one or more additional TRSs based on the received MAC-CE according to a second set of configuration parameters. The operation of 1620 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1620 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 9 The monitoring component 940 performs this function.

[0213] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating a method 1700 for supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for a sub-THz system, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1700 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1700 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 1 to 10 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0214] At 1705, the method may include: receiving a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters specific to the UE's TRS. The operation of 1705 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1705 may be provided by reference to... Figure 9 The message receiving component 925 described herein shall be used to perform this action.

[0215] At 1710, the method may include: during a first time interval, monitoring one or more TRSs based on the message and according to a first set of configuration parameters. The operation of 1710 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1710 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 9 The TRS monitoring component 930 is used to perform this function.

[0216] At 1715, the method may include: receiving an RRC message indicating a set of multiple sets of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, the set including a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS. The operation of 1715 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1715 may be derived from references... Figure 9 The RRC message receiving component 950 is described and executed.

[0217] At 1720, the method may include: receiving an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the L1 signal or the L2 signal includes MAC-CE. Operation of 1720 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1720 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 9 The signal receiving component 955 performs the operation.

[0218] At 1725, the method may include: during a second time interval following the first time interval, monitoring one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 or L2 signal according to a second set of configuration parameters. The operation of 1725 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1725 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 9 The monitoring component 940 performs this function.

[0219] Figure 18 A flowchart illustrating a method 1800 for supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for a sub-THz system, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1800 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1800 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 1 to 10 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0220] At 1805, the method may include: receiving a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters specific to the UE's TRS. The operation of 1805 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1805 may be provided by reference to... Figure 9The message receiving component 925 described herein shall be used to perform this action.

[0221] At 1810, the method may include: during a first time interval, monitoring one or more TRSs based on the message and according to a first set of configuration parameters. The operation of 1810 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1810 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 9 The TRS monitoring component 930 is used to perform this function.

[0222] At 1815, the method may include: receiving a DCI indicating a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS. The operation of 1815 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1815 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 9 The described DCI receiving component 960 is executed.

[0223] At 1820, the method may include: during a second time interval following the first time interval, monitoring one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 or L2 signal according to a second set of configuration parameters. The operation of 1820 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1820 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 9 The monitoring component 940 performs this function.

[0224] Figure 19 A flowchart illustrating a method 1900 for supporting an adaptive UE-specific TRS for a sub-THz system, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1900 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1900 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 1 to 10 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0225] At 1905, the method may include: receiving a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters specific to the UE's TRS. The operation of 1905 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1905 may be provided by reference to... Figure 9 The message receiving component 925 described herein shall be used to perform this action.

[0226] At point 1910, the method may include: during a first time interval, monitoring one or more TRSs based on the message and according to a first set of configuration parameters. The operation of point 1910 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of point 1910 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 9The TRS monitoring component 930 is used to perform this function.

[0227] At 1915, the method may include: receiving an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters. Operation at 1915 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation at 1915 may be provided by reference to... Figure 9 The L1 / L2 receiving component 935 performs this action.

[0228] At point 1920, the method may include sending an acknowledgment message based on the receipt of either the L1 or L2 signal. The operation of point 1920 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of point 1920 may be derived from references... Figure 9 The acknowledgment sending component 965 is used to perform this action.

[0229] At point 1925, the method may include: during a second time interval following the first time interval, monitoring one or more additional TRSs based on the received L1 or L2 signal according to a second set of configuration parameters. The operation of point 1925 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of point 1925 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 9 The monitoring component 940 performs this function.

[0230] Figure 20 A flowchart illustrating a method 2000 for supporting adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. The operation of method 2000 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operation of method 2000 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 6 as well as Figures 11 to 14 The network entity 105 described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0231] At 2005, the method may include: sending a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. The operation of 2005 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2005 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 13 The message sending component 1325 performs this action.

[0232] At 2010, the method may include: during a first time interval, sending one or more TRSs based on a first set of configuration parameters, according to the transmission of the message. The operation of 2010 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2010 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 13 The TRS component 1330 described is used to execute this.

[0233] At 2015, the method may include: sending an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters differs from the first set of configuration parameters. Operation of 2015 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2015 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 13 The L1 / L2 transmitting component 1335 performs this action.

[0234] At 2020, the method may include: during a second time interval following a first time interval, transmitting one or more additional TRSs based on transmitting an L1 signal or an L2 signal according to a second set of configuration parameters. The operation of 2020 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2020 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 13 The TRS sending component 1340 performs this action.

[0235] Figure 21 A flowchart illustrating a method 2100 for supporting adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2100 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2100 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 6 as well as Figures 11 to 14 The network entity 105 described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0236] At 2105, the method may include: sending a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. The operation of 2105 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2105 may be provided by reference to... Figure 13 The message sending component 1325 performs this action.

[0237] At 2110, the method may include: during a first time interval, sending one or more TRSs based on a first set of configuration parameters, according to the transmission of the message. The operation of 2110 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2110 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 13 The TRS component 1330 described is used to execute this.

[0238] At 2115, the method may include: sending a MAC-CE indicating a second set of configuration parameters, wherein the MAC-CE includes a bitmap indicating a subset of configuration parameters of the second set of configuration parameters. The operation of 2115 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2115 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 13 The MAC-CE sending component 1360 is described for execution.

[0239] At 2120, the method may include: during the second time interval, sending one or more additional TRSs based on a subset of configuration parameters via the sending MAC-CE. The operation of 2120 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2120 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 13 The TRS sending component 1340 performs this action.

[0240] Figure 22 A flowchart illustrating a method 2200 for supporting adaptive UE-specific TRS for sub-THz systems according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2200 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2200 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 6 as well as Figures 11 to 14 The network entity 105 described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0241] At 2205, the method may include: sending a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS. The operation of 2205 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2205 may be provided by reference to... Figure 13 The message sending component 1325 performs this action.

[0242] At 2210, the method may include: during a first time interval, sending one or more TRSs based on a first set of configuration parameters, according to the transmission of the message. The operation of 2210 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2210 may be provided by reference to... Figure 13The TRS component 1330 described is used to execute this.

[0243] At 2215, the method may include: sending an RRC message indicating a table including a second set of configuration parameters. The operation of 2215 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2215 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 13 The described RRC message sending component 1345 is used to perform this.

[0244] At 2220, the method may include: sending a DCI indicating a second set of configuration parameters based on sending an RRC message. The operation of 2220 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2220 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 13 The DCI sending component 1350 performs this action.

[0245] At 2225, the method may include: during a second time interval following the first time interval, transmitting one or more additional TRSs based on the transmitted DCI according to a second set of configuration parameters. The operation of 2225 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2225 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 13 The TRS sending component 1340 performs this action.

[0246] The following provides an overview of the various aspects of this disclosure:

[0247] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a UE, the method comprising: receiving a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a TRS specific to the UE; during a first time interval, monitoring one or more TRSs based at least in part on the message according to the first set of configuration parameters; receiving an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a TRS specific to the UE, wherein the second set of configuration parameters is different from the first set of configuration parameters; and during a second time interval following the first time interval, monitoring one or more additional TRSs based at least in part on the receipt of the L1 signal or the L2 signal according to the second set of configuration parameters.

[0248] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, receiving the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set includes: receiving a MAC-CE indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the TRS includes a semi-persistent TRS.

[0249] Aspect 3: According to the method of aspect 2, the method further includes: receiving the MAC-CE indicating the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the MAC-CE includes a bitmap indicating a subset of configuration parameters of the second set of configuration parameters; and during the second time interval, monitoring the one or more additional TRS based at least in part on receiving the MAC-CE according to the subset of configuration parameters.

[0250] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, the method further comprising: receiving an RRC message indicating a plurality of configuration parameter sets for a TRS specific to the UE, the plurality of configuration parameter sets including the second configuration parameter set, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS; and receiving the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the L1 signal or the L2 signal includes MAC-CE.

[0251] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein receiving the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set comprises: receiving a DCI indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS.

[0252] Aspect 6: According to the method of aspect 5, the method further includes: receiving an RRC message indicating a table including the second configuration parameter set; and receiving the DCI indicating the second configuration parameter set based at least in part on receiving the RRC message.

[0253] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, the method further comprising: sending an acknowledgment message based at least in part on receiving the L1 signal or the L2 signal.

[0254] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, wherein the first set of configuration parameters and the second set of configuration parameters include at least one of the following: dynamic activation for a semi-persistent TRS, dynamic deactivation for a semi-persistent TRS, periodicity, density in the frequency domain, power enhancement, bandwidth, position within a BWP, number of symbols, time interval, or any combination thereof.

[0255] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8, wherein each configuration parameter in the first configuration parameter set and each configuration parameter in the second configuration parameter set corresponds to a resource set identifier.

[0256] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 9, wherein monitoring the one or more TRS comprises: monitoring one or more periodic TRS, one or more semi-TRS, one or more non-periodic TRS, or any combination thereof.

[0257] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 10, wherein the UE operates in a sub-THz frequency band.

[0258] Aspect 12: A method for wireless communication at a base station, the method comprising: transmitting a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS; during a first time interval, transmitting one or more TRSs based at least in part on transmitting the message according to the first set of configuration parameters; transmitting an L1 signal or an L2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a UE-specific TRS, wherein the second set of configuration parameters is different from the first set of configuration parameters; and during a second time interval following the first time interval, transmitting one or more additional TRSs based at least in part on transmitting the L1 signal or the L2 signal according to the second set of configuration parameters.

[0259] Aspect 13: According to the method of aspect 12, sending the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set includes: sending a MAC-CE indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the TRS includes a semi-persistent TRS.

[0260] Aspect 14: The method according to aspect 13, the method further comprising: sending the MAC-CE indicating the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the MAC-CE includes a bitmap indicating a subset of configuration parameters of the second set of configuration parameters; and during the second time interval, sending the one or more additional TRSs based at least in part on sending the MAC-CE according to the subset of configuration parameters.

[0261] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 14, the method further comprising: sending an RRC message indicating a plurality of configuration parameter sets for a TRS specific to the UE, the plurality of configuration parameter sets including the second configuration parameter set, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS; and sending the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the L1 signal or the L2 signal includes MAC-CE.

[0262] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 15, wherein sending the L1 signal or the L2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set comprises: sending a DCI indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the TRS includes a periodic TRS or a semi-persistent TRS.

[0263] Aspect 17: The method according to aspect 16, the method further comprising: sending an RRC message indicating a table including the second configuration parameter set; and sending the DCI indicating the second configuration parameter set based at least in part on sending the RRC message.

[0264] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 17, the method further comprising: receiving an acknowledgment message based at least in part on transmitting the L1 signal or the L2 signal.

[0265] Aspect 19: The method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 18, wherein the first set of configuration parameters and the second set of configuration parameters include at least one of the following: dynamic activation for a semi-persistent TRS, dynamic deactivation for a semi-persistent TRS, periodicity, density in the frequency domain, power enhancement, bandwidth, position within a BWP, number of symbols, time interval, or any combination thereof.

[0266] Aspect 20: The method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 19, wherein each configuration parameter of the first configuration parameter set and each configuration parameter of the second configuration parameter set corresponds to a resource set identifier.

[0267] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 20, wherein transmitting the one or more TRS comprises: transmitting one or more periodic TRS, one or more semi-persistent TRS, one or more aperiodic TRS, or any combination thereof.

[0268] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of aspects 12 to 21, wherein the UE operates in a sub-THz frequency band.

[0269] Aspect 23: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and one or more instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor such that the apparatus performs a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11 at least in part based on the one or more instructions.

[0270] Aspect 24: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11.

[0271] Aspect 25: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11.

[0272] Aspect 26: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of aspects 12 to 22.

[0273] Aspect 27: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 12 to 22.

[0274] Aspect 28: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 12 to 22.

[0275] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible specific implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other specific implementations are also possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods can be combined.

[0276] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used in most of the description, the techniques described herein are also applicable to networks outside of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described are applicable to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0277] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout this specification can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0278] The various exemplary blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or executed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternative embodiments, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors incorporating a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0279] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as one or more instructions or code on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these. Features implementing the functions may also be physically located in different locations, including portions distributed such that the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0280] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compressed optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage devices, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code elements in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable media. The disks and optical discs used in this article include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital multifunction discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs. Disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while optical discs reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of these are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0281] As used herein (including in the claims), the word "or" in an enumeration of entries (e.g., an enumeration of entries accompanied by phrases such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive enumeration, such that an enumeration of at least one of, for example, A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" may be based on conditions A and B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0282] The term "determine" or "determine" encompasses a wide variety of actions, and therefore, "determine" can include calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, searching (such as by searching in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertainment, and similar actions. Additionally, "determine" can include receiving (such as receiving information), accessing (such as accessing data in memory), and similar actions. Furthermore, "determine" can include parsing, selecting, choosing, building, and other such similar actions.

[0283] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by adding a dash after the reference numeral and a second numeral for differentiation between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the specification, the description applies to any of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second reference numeral or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0284] This document describes example configurations in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and does not represent all achievable examples or those within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," and not "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." Detailed descriptions include specific details to provide an understanding of the techniques. However, these techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0285] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for performing wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: Receive a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a tracking reference signal specific to the UE; During the first time interval, one or more tracking reference signals are monitored, at least in part, based on the message according to the first set of configuration parameters; Receive a Layer 1 signal or a Layer 2 signal, the Layer 1 signal or the Layer 2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a tracking reference signal specific to the UE, wherein the second set of configuration parameters is different from the first set of configuration parameters; as well as During a second time interval following the first time interval, one or more additional tracking reference signals are monitored, at least in part, based on the receipt of the Layer 1 signal or the Layer 2 signal according to the second set of configuration parameters.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the layer 1 signal or the layer 2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set comprises: The system receives a media access control element that indicates the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the tracking reference signal includes a semi-persistent tracking reference signal.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: Receive the media access control element that indicates the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the media access control element includes a bitmap indicating a subset of configuration parameters of the second set of configuration parameters; as well as During the second time interval, the one or more additional tracking reference signals are monitored at least in part based on the received media access control control element according to the subset of configuration parameters.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The system receives a radio resource control message indicating a plurality of configuration parameter sets for a tracking reference signal specific to the UE, the plurality of configuration parameter sets including the second configuration parameter set, wherein the tracking reference signal includes a periodic tracking reference signal or a semi-persistent tracking reference signal; as well as Receive the layer 1 signal or the layer 2 signal indicating the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the layer 1 signal or the layer 2 signal includes a media access control element.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the layer 1 signal or the layer 2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set comprises: Receive downlink control information indicating the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the tracking reference signal includes a periodic tracking reference signal or a semi-persistent tracking reference signal.

6. The method according to claim 5, further comprising: Receive a radio resource control message that includes a table of the second set of configuration parameters; as well as The downlink control information indicating the second set of configuration parameters is received at least in part based on the receipt of the radio resource control message.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The confirmation message is sent at least in part based on the receipt of the Layer 1 signal or the Layer 2 signal.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of configuration parameters and the second set of configuration parameters include at least one of the following: dynamic activation for a semi-persistent tracking reference signal, dynamic deactivation for a semi-persistent tracking reference signal, periodicity, density in the frequency domain, power enhancement, bandwidth, position within a bandwidth portion, number of symbols, time interval, or any combination thereof.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein each configuration parameter of the first configuration parameter set and each configuration parameter of the second configuration parameter set corresponds to a resource set identifier.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein monitoring the one or more tracking reference signals comprises: Monitor one or more periodic tracking reference signals, one or more semi-persistent tracking reference signals, one or more non-periodic tracking reference signals, or any combination thereof.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the UE operates in the Asia-Pacific Hertz band.

12. A method for conducting wireless communication at a network entity, the method comprising: Send a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a tracking reference signal specific to the user equipment (UE); During the first time interval, one or more tracking reference signals are sent based at least in part on the transmission of the message according to the first set of configuration parameters; Send a layer 1 signal or a layer 2 signal, the layer 1 signal or the layer 2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a tracking reference signal specific to the UE, wherein the second set of configuration parameters is different from the first set of configuration parameters; as well as During a second time interval following the first time interval, one or more additional tracking reference signals are transmitted, at least in part, based on the transmission of the Layer 1 signal or the Layer 2 signal according to the second set of configuration parameters.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein sending the layer 1 signal or the layer 2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set comprises: Send a media access control control element that indicates the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the tracking reference signal includes a semi-persistent tracking reference signal.

14. The method according to claim 13, further comprising: Send the media access control control element that indicates the second configuration parameter set, wherein the media access control control element includes a bitmap that indicates a subset of configuration parameters of the second configuration parameter set; as well as During the second time interval, the one or more additional tracking reference signals are transmitted, at least in part, based on the transmission of the media access control control element according to the subset of configuration parameters.

15. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: Send a radio resource control message, the radio resource control message indicating multiple sets of configuration parameters for a tracking reference signal specific to the UE, the multiple sets of configuration parameters including the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the tracking reference signal includes a periodic tracking reference signal or a semi-persistent tracking reference signal; as well as Send the Layer 1 signal or the Layer 2 signal that indicates the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the Layer 1 signal or the Layer 2 signal includes a media access control element.

16. The method of claim 12, wherein sending the layer 1 signal or the layer 2 signal indicating the second set of configuration parameters comprises: Send downlink control information indicating the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the tracking reference signal includes a periodic tracking reference signal or a semi-persistent tracking reference signal.

17. The method according to claim 16, further comprising: Send a radio resource control message that includes a table of the second set of configuration parameters; as well as The downlink control information indicating the second set of configuration parameters is sent at least in part based on sending the radio resource control message.

18. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: The acknowledgment message is received at least in part based on the transmission of the Layer 1 signal or the Layer 2 signal.

19. The method of claim 12, wherein the first set of configuration parameters and the second set of configuration parameters include at least one of the following: dynamic activation for a semi-persistent tracking reference signal, dynamic deactivation for a semi-persistent tracking reference signal, periodicity, density in the frequency domain, power enhancement, bandwidth, position within a bandwidth portion, number of symbols, time interval, or any combination thereof.

20. The method of claim 12, wherein each configuration parameter of the first configuration parameter set and each configuration parameter of the second configuration parameter set corresponds to a resource set identifier.

21. The method of claim 12, wherein transmitting the one or more tracking reference signals comprises: Send one or more periodic tracking reference signals, one or more semi-persistent tracking reference signals, one or more non-periodic tracking reference signals, or any combination thereof.

22. The method of claim 12, wherein the UE operates in the Asia-Pacific Hertz band.

23. An apparatus for performing wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: processor; A memory coupled to the processor; and One or more instructions, stored in the memory and executable by the processor, such that the device performs at least in part based on the one or more instructions: Receive a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a tracking reference signal specific to the UE; During the first time interval, one or more tracking reference signals are monitored, at least in part, based on the message according to the first set of configuration parameters; Receive a Layer 1 signal or a Layer 2 signal, the Layer 1 signal or the Layer 2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a tracking reference signal specific to the UE, wherein the second set of configuration parameters is different from the first set of configuration parameters; as well as During a second time interval following the first time interval, one or more additional tracking reference signals are monitored, at least in part, based on the receipt of the Layer 1 signal or the Layer 2 signal according to the second set of configuration parameters.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the instruction for receiving the layer 1 signal or the layer 2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set is executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: The system receives a media access control element that indicates the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the tracking reference signal includes a semi-persistent tracking reference signal.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Receives the media access control element indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the media access control element includes a bitmap indicating a subset of configuration parameters of the second configuration parameter set; and During the second time interval, the one or more additional tracking reference signals are monitored at least in part based on the received media access control control element according to the subset of configuration parameters.

26. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Receive a radio resource control message, the radio resource control message indicating a plurality of configuration parameter sets for a tracking reference signal specific to the UE, the plurality of configuration parameter sets including a second configuration parameter set, wherein the tracking reference signal includes a periodic tracking reference signal or a semi-persistent tracking reference signal; and Receive the layer 1 signal or the layer 2 signal indicating the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the layer 1 signal or the layer 2 signal includes a media access control element.

27. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity, the apparatus comprising: processor; A memory coupled to the processor; and One or more instructions, stored in the memory and executable by the processor, such that the device performs at least in part based on the one or more instructions: Send a message indicating a first set of configuration parameters for a tracking reference signal specific to the user equipment (UE); During the first time interval, one or more tracking reference signals are sent based at least in part on the transmission of the message according to the first set of configuration parameters; Send a layer 1 signal or a layer 2 signal, the layer 1 signal or the layer 2 signal indicating a second set of configuration parameters for a tracking reference signal specific to the UE, wherein the second set of configuration parameters is different from the first set of configuration parameters; as well as During a second time interval following the first time interval, one or more additional tracking reference signals are transmitted, at least in part, based on the transmission of the Layer 1 signal or the Layer 2 signal according to the second set of configuration parameters.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the instruction for transmitting the layer 1 signal or the layer 2 signal indicating the second configuration parameter set is executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Send a media access control control element that indicates the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the tracking reference signal includes a semi-persistent tracking reference signal.

29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Sending the media access control element indicating the second configuration parameter set, wherein the media access control element includes a bitmap indicating a subset of configuration parameters of the second configuration parameter set; and During the second time interval, the one or more additional tracking reference signals are transmitted, at least in part, based on the transmission of the media access control control element according to the subset of configuration parameters.

30. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Sending a radio resource control message, the radio resource control message indicating multiple sets of configuration parameters for a tracking reference signal specific to the UE, the multiple sets of configuration parameters including the second configuration parameter set, wherein the tracking reference signal includes a periodic tracking reference signal or a semi-persistent tracking reference signal; and Send the Layer 1 signal or the Layer 2 signal that indicates the second set of configuration parameters, wherein the Layer 1 signal or the Layer 2 signal includes a media access control element.

31. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), wherein, The code can be run by the processor of the UE to cause the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-11.

32. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a network entity, wherein, The code can be run by the processor of the network entity to cause the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 12-22.

33. A computer program product comprising computer-readable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform any one of claims 1-11 for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE).

34. A computer program product comprising computer-readable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform any one of claims 12-22 for wireless communication at a network entity.

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