A shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization method and system

Abstract

The present invention provides a shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization method and system, which relates to the segment design parameter optimization technical field, and the specific steps include: collecting the segment's own parameters and environmental load parameters, respectively obtaining the segment deformation and stability index through multiple regression analysis, and constructing a finite element model of the segment, performing static and buckling analysis, obtaining the maximum deformation and minimum stability index, and substituting them into the objective function for parameter optimization, formulating a specific design scheme according to the optimization result, performing data processing and correlation analysis, generating a comprehensive coefficient of the design parameters, and judging the optimization situation through the comprehensive coefficient. The present invention comprehensively evaluates the segment's own parameters and environmental load parameters, and uses multiple regression analysis and static and buckling analysis of the finite element model to accurately obtain the deformation and stability index, improve the optimization accuracy, and ensure the stability and safety of the segment design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of segment design parameter optimization, and in particular to a shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization method and system. Background Art

[0002] The shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization method refers to the comprehensive analysis and adjustment of the design parameters that affect the performance of the shield tunnel segment through systematic methods and technical means to achieve the best engineering performance, economic benefits and construction feasibility. Its main goal is to improve the strength and durability of the segment structure, reduce construction costs and risks, and ensure the smooth and safe construction process by optimizing the parameter combination.

[0003] In the prior art, the publication number CN110737960B discloses a method for optimizing the design parameters of shield tunnel segments, which relates to the field of engineering construction technology. The method includes combining parameter values ​​using an orthogonal test table and segment design parameters, and forming several working condition design schemes; calculating the minimum safety factor Kmin of the shield tunnel segment under each working condition design scheme; training a BP neural network according to the segment design parameters and the corresponding Kmin under the working condition design scheme; using a genetic algorithm to obtain the optimal solution of the segment design parameters according to the mapping relationship between the segment design parameters, Kmin, the segment design parameters and Kmin; and adjusting the optimal solution of the segment design parameters. This method is highly operable and reliable for the actual shield tunnel segment design, which makes up for the shortcomings of the existing shield tunnel segment design optimization method that relies on experience, can optimize multiple design parameter variables simultaneously within a larger range, and can ensure that the design parameter values ​​in the design scheme are optimal, so as to ensure the safe construction of the design scheme.

[0004] However, there are still the following deficiencies. From the above statements, it can be seen that, first, the above scheme mainly focuses on the optimization of geometric parameters, but does not take into account the load factors of the tunnel environment, such as groundwater pressure, rock hardness and ground load. The environmental load has a key influence on the actual mechanical properties and stability of the segment. Ignoring the environmental load leads to a deviation between the optimization results of the segment design parameters and the actual engineering requirements, affecting the stability of the segment. Secondly, the existing method relies on simple mechanical analysis or numerical simulation, and does not conduct a comprehensive static and buckling analysis. The lack of comprehensive static and buckling analysis makes the prediction of the mechanical properties of the segment under complex loads inaccurate, resulting in the design scheme facing safety risks in actual construction.

[0005] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art that is already known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for optimizing design parameters of shield tunnel segments to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization method, the specific steps comprising:

[0009] S1. Collect the segment's own parameters and environmental load parameters that affect the segment design. The segment's own parameters include segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block. The environmental load parameters include groundwater pressure, rock hardness, and ground load.

[0010] S2. Perform multiple regression analysis on the collected segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between the capping block and adjacent blocks to obtain the deformation of the segment structure; perform multiple regression analysis on the collected groundwater pressure, rock hardness, and ground load to obtain the stability index of the segment structure; and establish an objective function for optimizing the segment design parameters based on the deformation and stability index of the segment structure;

[0011] S3. Construct a finite element model of the shield tunnel segment, establish material properties and boundary condition constraints, apply external loads, perform static analysis and buckling analysis, obtain the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure, substitute the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure into the objective function, and perform segment design parameter optimization.

[0012] S4. Formulate a specific segment design scheme based on the design parameters obtained through optimization, including determining the optimized size parameters of segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block, and perform data processing on the optimized size parameters of segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block, and perform correlation analysis to generate comprehensive coefficients of segment design parameters;

[0013] S5. Determine the optimization of shield tunnel segment design parameters based on the range of the comprehensive coefficient.

[0014] Furthermore, the collected segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between the capping block and the adjacent block are subjected to multivariate regression analysis to obtain the multivariate regression equation of the segment structure deformation, based on the following formula:

[0015]

[0016] in, is the deformation of the segment structure, is the segment width, is the thickness of the tube segment, is the capping block angle, is the adjacent block angle, is the distance between the capping block and the adjacent block, is a constant term, , is the error term, , is the regression coefficient of the segment width, is the regression coefficient of segment thickness, is the regression coefficient of the capping block angle, is the regression coefficient of the adjacent block angle, is the regression coefficient of the distance between the capping block and the adjacent blocks, , , , , , ,and .

[0017] Furthermore, the collected groundwater pressure, rock hardness and ground load were subjected to a multivariate regression analysis to obtain the multivariate regression equation of the segment structure stability index, based on the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] in, is the segment structure stability index, is the groundwater pressure, is the rock hardness, is the ground load, is a constant term, , is the error term, , is the regression coefficient of groundwater pressure, is the regression coefficient of rock hardness, is the regression coefficient of the ground load, , , , ,and .

[0020] Furthermore, according to the deformation and stability index of the segment structure, the objective function for optimizing the segment design parameters is established, and the formula is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] in, is the objective function, is the objective value to be minimized, is the deformation of the segment structure The weight coefficient of is the segment structure stability index The weight coefficient of , , ,and .

[0023] Furthermore, the finite element model of the shield tunnel segment is constructed, the material properties and boundary condition constraints are established, and external loads are applied to perform static analysis and buckling analysis. The process of obtaining the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure is as follows:

[0024] Static analysis:

[0025] Use the material properties to build the global stiffness matrix:

[0026]

[0027] in, is the stiffness matrix of the segment structure, is the material elastic matrix, is the strain-displacement matrix, is the volume domain of integration.

[0028] Create an external load vector based on the applied loads:

[0029]

[0030] in, is the external load vector, is the pressure exerted by groundwater on the surface of the tunnel segment, is the pressure exerted by the rock formation on the tunnel segments, is the pressure exerted by the ground load on the tunnel segment;

[0031] Solving for the displacement vector :

[0032]

[0033] Based on the stiffness matrix of the segment structure and external load vector , construct the deformation diagram of the segment displacement vector, analyze the deformation diagram, and obtain the maximum deformation ;

[0034] Buckling Analysis:

[0035] Create the geometric stiffness matrix:

[0036]

[0037] Where S is the stress matrix;

[0038] The generalized eigenvalues ​​are of the form:

[0039]

[0040] in, is the geometric stiffness matrix, is the characteristic value, indicating the critical load factor, is the feature vector.

[0041] The eigenvalues ​​are obtained by solving the equation for a matrix with zero determinant:

[0042]

[0043] For each eigenvalue λ, i.e., the stability index, solve to find the corresponding eigenvectors ;

[0044] The calculated eigenvalues , =1, 2, 3, ... A, represents different critical load factors, in all calculated characteristic values In the equation, select the smallest eigenvalue As the minimum stability index .

[0045] Furthermore, the maximum deformation of the segment structure and the minimum stability index Substituting the objective function, the process of optimizing the segment design parameters is as follows:

[0046] The maximum deformation of the segment structure and the minimum stability index Substituting into the objective function, the formula of the objective function is:

[0047]

[0048] Will Substitution The location will Substitution Therefore, the objective function becomes:

[0049]

[0050] Through the above calculation, we can get Reach the minimum value, thereby achieving the maximum deformation of the segment structure and the minimum stability index The optimal balance of

[0051] To obtain the maximum deformation After the optimal balance is achieved, according to the multivariate regression equation of the segment structure deformation, the equation is as follows:

[0052]

[0053] The optimization algorithm is used to iteratively solve the problem and find the optimal solution that meets the constraints. The optimization result is then substituted into the multiple regression equation of the segment structure deformation and the multiple regression equation of the stability index to verify whether the objective function is met.

[0054] The parameters solved after optimizing the segment design parameters are: segment width optimization value , Segment thickness optimization value , Capping block angle optimization value , Adjacent block angle optimization value , the optimal distance between the capping block and the adjacent block .

[0055] Furthermore, the segment width optimization value , Segment thickness optimization value , Capping block angle optimization value , Adjacent block angle optimization value , the optimal distance between the capping block and the adjacent block The size parameters are processed and correlation analysis is performed to generate the comprehensive coefficient of the segment design parameters. The formula is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] in, is the comprehensive coefficient of segment design parameters, Optimize value for segment width The exponential decay coefficient of Optimize value for segment thickness The slope of the Sigmoid function, Optimize the value for the capping block angle The reference value of Optimize value for adjacent block angle The slope of the Sigmoid function, Optimize the distance between the capping block and the adjacent blocks The slope of the Sigmoid function;

[0058] Among them, the Sigmoid function is a common mathematical function in the form of , used to map the input value to an output value between 0 and 1.

[0059] Furthermore, according to the interval range of the comprehensive coefficient, the process of judging the optimization of shield tunnel segment design parameters is as follows:

[0060] when , in this range, the optimization effect of the segment design parameters is average, and the structural stability of the shield tunnel segment is average, and it is necessary to make a small adjustment to the segment width or segment thickness or capping block angle;

[0061] when ,Within this range, if the optimization effect of the segment design parameters is good, the shield tunnel segment structure will be highly stable, and there is no need to adjust the segment width or segment thickness or capping block angle.

[0062] A shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization system, the system is used to execute any of the above-mentioned shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization methods, comprising:

[0063] A data acquisition module is used to collect the segment's own parameters and environmental load parameters that affect the segment design. The segment's own parameters include segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block. The environmental load parameters include groundwater pressure, rock hardness, and ground load.

[0064] Function construction module, used to perform multiple regression analysis on the collected segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block to obtain the deformation of the segment structure, perform multiple regression analysis on the collected groundwater pressure, rock hardness, and ground load to obtain the stability index of the segment structure, and establish an objective function for optimizing the segment design parameters based on the deformation and stability index of the segment structure;

[0065] The data processing module is used to construct the finite element model of the shield tunnel segment, establish material properties and boundary condition constraints, apply external loads, perform static analysis and buckling analysis, obtain the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure, substitute the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure into the objective function, and perform segment design parameter optimization.

[0066] The data analysis module is used to formulate a specific segment design scheme according to the design parameters obtained by optimization solution, including determining the optimized size parameters of segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block, and processing the optimized size parameters of segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block, and performing correlation analysis to generate comprehensive coefficients of segment design parameters;

[0067] The judgment module is used to judge the optimization of shield tunnel segment design parameters according to the interval range of the comprehensive coefficient.

[0068] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] The present invention collects and analyzes the parameters of the segment itself and the environmental load parameters that affect the segment design, comprehensively evaluates the influence of the segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, distance between the capping block and the adjacent block, groundwater pressure, rock hardness and ground load on the segment design, and improves the stability of the segment; utilizes the multivariate regression analysis method to accurately obtain the deformation and stability index of the segment structure, establishes a more accurate objective function, and improves the accuracy of the optimization solution; constructs a finite element model, performs static analysis and buckling analysis, obtains the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure, and ensures the structural safety of the segment design; performs data processing and correlation analysis on the optimized design parameters, generates a comprehensive coefficient, and further verifies the rationality of the design parameters and the optimization effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the module composition of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0073] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0074] Example:

[0075] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0076] A shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization method, the specific steps comprising:

[0077] S1. Collect the segment's own parameters and environmental load parameters that affect the segment design. The segment's own parameters include segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block. The environmental load parameters include groundwater pressure, rock hardness, and ground load.

[0078] S2. Perform multiple regression analysis on the collected segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between the capping block and adjacent blocks to obtain the deformation of the segment structure; perform multiple regression analysis on the collected groundwater pressure, rock hardness, and ground load to obtain the stability index of the segment structure; and establish an objective function for optimizing the segment design parameters based on the deformation and stability index of the segment structure;

[0079] S3. Construct a finite element model of the shield tunnel segment, establish material properties and boundary condition constraints, apply external loads, perform static analysis and buckling analysis, obtain the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure, substitute the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure into the objective function, and perform segment design parameter optimization.

[0080] S4. Formulate a specific segment design scheme based on the design parameters obtained through optimization, including determining the optimized size parameters of segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block, and perform data processing on the optimized size parameters of segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block, and perform correlation analysis to generate comprehensive coefficients of segment design parameters;

[0081] S5. Determine the optimization of shield tunnel segment design parameters based on the range of the comprehensive coefficient.

[0082] In this embodiment, the determination of the size parameters of the segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and the distance between the capping block and the adjacent block is crucial for the size determination of the shield tunnel segment. The specific reasons are as follows:

[0083] The width of the segment determines the load that each segment can withstand. Insufficient width may lead to insufficient structural strength and increase the risk of deformation. The thickness of the segment directly affects the compressive strength and stiffness of the segment, ensuring that it can withstand the pressure from the stratum and groundwater. The angle of the capping block affects the force distribution of the entire segment ring. Reasonable angle design can evenly distribute the load and reduce stress concentration. The angle of the adjacent block has a direct impact on the connection strength and stability between adjacent segments, ensuring the structural stability of the entire segment ring. Reasonable design of the distance between the capping block and the adjacent block can ensure the accurate positioning of the segment during installation and reduce installation errors.

[0084] In summary, by optimizing the above-mentioned dimensional parameters, the best performance of shield tunnel segment design can be achieved, ensuring the smooth progress of the construction process and the long-term safe operation of the tunnel.

[0085] In this embodiment, the determination of groundwater pressure, rock hardness and ground load is crucial for determining the size of shield tunnel segments. The specific reasons are as follows:

[0086] Groundwater pressure directly affects the waterproof performance and structural stability of the segment. Excessive groundwater pressure may cause segment leakage or structural damage. Rock hardness affects the structural design of the segment, and the appropriate segment thickness and strength need to be selected based on the rock hardness. Ground load directly affects the bearing capacity and structural strength of the segment. Excessive ground load may cause segment deformation or damage.

[0087] In summary, accurate determination of groundwater pressure, rock hardness and ground load is crucial for determining the size of shield tunnel segments. The above parameters directly affect the structural design, construction safety and tunnel stability of the segments. Through precise quantitative methods and data collection, it can be ensured that the segment design meets the engineering requirements and ensures the long-term safe operation of the tunnel.

[0088] In this embodiment, the measurement process of the segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and the distance between the capping block and the adjacent block is as follows:

[0089] Use a caliper to measure the width and thickness of the pipe segment and the distance between the capping block and the adjacent block, and use an angle ruler to measure the angle of the capping block and the adjacent block. The above measurement method is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0090] The measurement process of groundwater pressure, rock hardness and ground load is as follows:

[0091] The groundwater pressure is measured using a pressure sensor, the rock hardness is measured using a rock hardness tester, and the ground load is measured using a load sensor. The above measurement methods are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0092] On the basis of the above embodiment, the collected segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between the capping block and the adjacent block are subjected to multivariate regression analysis to obtain a multivariate regression equation for the segment structure deformation, based on the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] in, is the deformation of the segment structure, is the segment width, is the thickness of the tube segment, is the capping block angle, is the adjacent block angle, is the distance between the capping block and the adjacent block, is a constant term, , is the error term, , is the regression coefficient of the segment width, is the regression coefficient of segment thickness, is the regression coefficient of the capping block angle, is the regression coefficient of the adjacent block angle, is the regression coefficient of the distance between the capping block and the adjacent blocks, , , , , , ,and .

[0095] The change in distance will change the stiffness and deformation characteristics of the overall structure, but this effect is usually not as direct as the thickness, width or angle of the capping block and adjacent blocks. Therefore, the distance between the capping block and the adjacent blocks has the smallest effect on the deformation of the segment structure. Minimum. Generally speaking, the impact of the capping block and the adjacent block angle is not as significant as the segment width and thickness. , Relative to , will be smaller, because the capping block is more critical in the segment structure. Greater than The thickness of the segment has a direct impact on the stiffness and strength of the structure, and increasing the thickness usually significantly reduces the deformation. It is the largest among the above coefficients. , without the influence of other parameters, set .

[0096] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the collected groundwater pressure, rock hardness and ground load are subjected to a multiple regression analysis to obtain a multiple regression equation of the segment structure stability index, based on the following formula:

[0097]

[0098] in, is the segment structure stability index, is the groundwater pressure, is the rock hardness, is the ground load, is a constant term, , is the error term, , is the regression coefficient of groundwater pressure, is the regression coefficient of rock hardness, is the regression coefficient of the ground load, , , , ,and .

[0099] Because the influence of rock hardness on the stability of the segment structure is the most direct and significant, the influence of groundwater pressure on the stability of the segment structure is relatively low compared to rock hardness. The influence of ground load is more reflected in the local stress and deformation of the structure, while the influence of rock hardness and groundwater pressure is more comprehensive and basic. Therefore, , without the influence of other parameters, set

[0100] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, according to the deformation amount and stability index of the segment structure, an objective function for optimizing the segment design parameters is established, and the formula is as follows:

[0101]

[0102] in, is the objective function, is the objective value to be minimized, is the deformation of the segment structure The weight coefficient of is the segment structure stability index The weight coefficient of , , ,and .

[0103] Because the deformation It is directly related to the use and safety of the segment structure. In the design, it is usually hoped that the deformation is as small as possible. Larger to emphasize the importance of reducing deformation; stability index In some cases, it is necessary to balance the relationship between deformation and stability. , without the influence of other parameters, set .

[0104] Typically, the stability index and deformation Inversely proportional, that is, when the stability index When the deformation increases Therefore, using the reciprocal 1 / S can better reflect this inverse relationship.

[0105] On the basis of the above embodiment, a finite element model of a shield tunnel segment is constructed, material properties and boundary condition constraints are established, external loads are applied, static analysis and buckling analysis are performed, and the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure are obtained respectively as follows:

[0106] Static analysis:

[0107] Use the material properties to build the global stiffness matrix:

[0108]

[0109] in, is the stiffness matrix of the segment structure, is the material elastic matrix, is the strain-displacement matrix, is the volume domain of integration.

[0110] Create an external load vector based on the applied loads:

[0111]

[0112] in, is the external load vector, is the pressure exerted by groundwater on the surface of the tunnel segment, is the pressure exerted by the rock formation on the tunnel segments, is the pressure exerted on the tunnel segment by the ground load.

[0113] Solving for the displacement vector :

[0114]

[0115] Based on the stiffness matrix of the segment structure and external load vector , construct the deformation diagram of the segment displacement vector, analyze the deformation diagram, and obtain the maximum deformation ;

[0116] Material elasticity matrix Contains the elastic properties of the material, including the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio.

[0117] Buckling Analysis:

[0118] Create the geometric stiffness matrix:

[0119]

[0120] Where S is the stress matrix.

[0121] The generalized eigenvalues ​​are of the form:

[0122]

[0123] in, is the stiffness matrix of the segment structure, is the geometric stiffness matrix, is the characteristic value, indicating the critical load factor, is the feature vector.

[0124] The eigenvalues ​​are obtained by solving the equation for a matrix with zero determinant:

[0125]

[0126] For each eigenvalue λ, i.e., the stability index, solve to find the corresponding eigenvectors .

[0127] The calculated eigenvalues ( =1, 2, 3, ...) represents different critical load factors. In the equation, select the smallest eigenvalue As the minimum stability index .

[0128] Based on the above embodiment, the maximum deformation of the segment structure is and the minimum stability index Substituting the objective function, the process of optimizing the segment design parameters is as follows:

[0129] The maximum deformation of the segment structure and the minimum stability index Substituting into the objective function, the formula of the objective function is:

[0130]

[0131] Will Substitution The location will Substitution Therefore, the objective function becomes:

[0132]

[0133] Through the above calculation, we can get Reach the minimum value, thereby achieving the maximum deformation of the segment structure and the minimum stability index The optimal balance of

[0134] To obtain the maximum deformation After the optimal balance is achieved, according to the multivariate regression equation of the segment structure deformation, the equation is as follows:

[0135]

[0136] The optimization algorithm is used to iteratively solve the problem and find the optimal solution that meets the constraints. The optimization result is then substituted into the multiple regression equation of the segment structure deformation and the multiple regression equation of the stability index to verify whether the objective function is met.

[0137] The parameters solved after optimizing the segment design parameters are: segment width optimization value , Segment thickness optimization value , Capping block angle optimization value , Adjacent block angle optimization value , the optimal distance between the capping block and the adjacent block .

[0138] Based on the above embodiment, the segment width optimization value is , Segment thickness optimization value , Capping block angle optimization value , Adjacent block angle optimization value , the optimal distance between the capping block and the adjacent block The size parameters are processed and correlation analysis is performed to generate the comprehensive coefficient of the segment design parameters. The formula is as follows:

[0139]

[0140] in, is the comprehensive coefficient of segment design parameters, Optimize value for segment width The exponential decay coefficient of Optimize value for segment thickness The slope of the Sigmoid function, Optimize the value for the capping block angle The reference value of Optimize value for adjacent block angle The slope of the Sigmoid function, Optimize the distance between the capping block and the adjacent blocks The slope of the Sigmoid function.

[0141] Among them, the Sigmoid function is a common mathematical function in the form of , used to map the input value to an output value between 0 and 1.

[0142] Used for optimizing segment thickness The slope parameter of the Sigmoid function, Determines the effect of the change in the optimized value of the adjacent block angle on the comprehensive coefficient The greater the slope, the greater the change in the optimized value of the adjacent block angle. The smaller the slope, the gentler the impact. In the formula, This section will optimize the segment thickness Mapped to a value between 0 and 1.

[0143] Similarly, This part optimizes the angle of adjacent blocks. Mapped to a value between 0 and 1; This part optimizes the distance between the capping block and the adjacent block. Mapped to a value between 0 and 1.

[0144] Reference value It is a preset angle value, which is used to optimize the angle of the capping block. In the formula, This part represents the logarithmic transformation of the difference between the actual angle and the reference angle. The logarithmic transformation can amplify small differences while compressing large differences, making the formula more sensitive to small changes in angle. The choice of response to the change in the capping block angle. near , the difference is small, On the contrary, when the difference is large, the impact on The impact is also greater.

[0145] Determining an ideal capping block angle , analyze the commonly used capping block angles in historical data and select one as a reference value If there are multiple possible reference values, select the one that makes the comprehensive coefficient The best angle is used as a reference for the optimized angle of the capping block. .

[0146] Fitting an exponential decay function using nonlinear regression To describe and The optimal exponential decay coefficient is determined by minimizing the fitting error (such as the least square error). .

[0147] Similarly, the nonlinear regression method is used to fit the Sigmoid function To describe and The relationship between the two is to determine the optimal Sigmoid function slope by minimizing the fitting error (such as the least square error). .

[0148] Similarly, the nonlinear regression method is used to fit the Sigmoid function To describe and The relationship between the two is to determine the optimal Sigmoid function slope by minimizing the fitting error (such as the least square error). .

[0149] Similarly, the nonlinear regression method is used to fit the Sigmoid function To describe and The relationship between the two is to determine the optimal Sigmoid function slope by minimizing the fitting error (such as the least square error). .

[0150] In summary, the reference value of the capping block angle optimization value , exponential decay coefficient of the optimized value of segment width , the slope of the Sigmoid function of the optimized value of the segment thickness , the slope of the Sigmoid function of the adjacent block angle optimization value , the slope of the Sigmoid function of the optimized distance between the capping block and the adjacent block The methods for obtaining are all prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0151] On the basis of the above embodiment, according to the interval range of the comprehensive coefficient, the process of judging the optimization of the shield tunnel segment design parameters is as follows:

[0152] when , in this range, the optimization effect of the segment design parameters is average, and the structural stability of the shield tunnel segment is average, and it is necessary to make a small adjustment to the segment width or segment thickness or capping block angle;

[0153] when ,Within this range, if the optimization effect of the segment design parameters is good, the shield tunnel segment structure will be highly stable, and there is no need to adjust the segment width or segment thickness or capping block angle.

[0154] In the formula , , , , , , and The specific value of is generally determined by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions. The essence of this formula is a comprehensive analysis by weighted summation. The technicians in this field collect multiple groups of sample data, set corresponding regression coefficients for each group of sample data, substitute the set regression coefficients and the collected sample data into the formula, observe the accuracy of the model output and the rationality of the results through repeated experiments and parameter adjustments, gradually adjust these coefficients or weight factors, and compare the performance and effect of the model under different parameter settings to find the optimal coefficient combination, screen the calculated factor coefficients and take the average, and obtain , , , , , , and The value of .

[0155] In addition, the size of the regression coefficient is a specific value obtained by quantifying each parameter. In order to facilitate subsequent comparison, the size of the preset coefficient or weight factor depends on the amount of sample data and the technical personnel in this field preliminarily set the corresponding regression coefficient for each set of sample data. It is not unique as long as it does not affect the proportional relationship between the parameter and the quantized value.

[0156] See also Figure 2 , the present invention also provides a technical solution:

[0157] A shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization system, the system is used to execute any of the above-mentioned shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization methods, comprising:

[0158] A data acquisition module is used to collect the segment's own parameters and environmental load parameters that affect the segment design. The segment's own parameters include segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block. The environmental load parameters include groundwater pressure, rock hardness, and ground load.

[0159] Function construction module, used to perform multiple regression analysis on the collected segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block to obtain the deformation of the segment structure, perform multiple regression analysis on the collected groundwater pressure, rock hardness, and ground load to obtain the stability index of the segment structure, and establish an objective function for optimizing the segment design parameters based on the deformation and stability index of the segment structure;

[0160] The data processing module is used to construct the finite element model of the shield tunnel segment, establish material properties and boundary condition constraints, apply external loads, perform static analysis and buckling analysis, obtain the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure, substitute the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure into the objective function, and perform segment design parameter optimization.

[0161] The data analysis module is used to formulate a specific segment design scheme according to the design parameters obtained by optimization solution, including determining the optimized size parameters of segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block, and processing the optimized size parameters of segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block, and performing correlation analysis to generate comprehensive coefficients of segment design parameters;

[0162] The judgment module is used to judge the optimization of shield tunnel segment design parameters according to the interval range of the comprehensive coefficient.

[0163] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0164] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. Those skilled in the art may appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software methods depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0165] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0166] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing design parameters of shield tunnel segments, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Collect the segment's own parameters and environmental load parameters that affect the segment design. The segment's own parameters include segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block. The environmental load parameters include groundwater pressure, rock hardness, and ground load. S2. Perform multiple regression analysis on the collected segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between the capping block and adjacent blocks to obtain the deformation of the segment structure; perform multiple regression analysis on the collected groundwater pressure, rock hardness, and ground load to obtain the stability index of the segment structure; and establish an objective function for optimizing the segment design parameters based on the deformation and stability index of the segment structure; S3. Construct a finite element model of the shield tunnel segment, establish material properties and boundary condition constraints, apply external loads, perform static analysis and buckling analysis, obtain the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure, substitute the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure into the objective function, and perform segment design parameter optimization. S4. Formulate a specific segment design scheme based on the design parameters obtained through optimization, including determining the optimized size parameters of segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block, and perform data processing on the optimized size parameters of segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block, and perform correlation analysis to generate comprehensive coefficients of segment design parameters; S5. Determine the optimization of shield tunnel segment design parameters based on the range of the comprehensive coefficient; The process of constructing the finite element model of the shield tunnel segment, establishing material properties and boundary condition constraints, applying external loads, and performing static analysis and buckling analysis to obtain the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure is as follows: Static analysis: Use the material properties to build the global stiffness matrix: K=∫ V B T QBdV Among them, K is the stiffness matrix of the segment structure, Q is the material elastic matrix, B is the strain-displacement matrix, and V is the volume domain of integration; Create an external load vector based on the applied loads: F=F w +F r +F g Where F is the external load vector, F w is the pressure exerted by groundwater on the surface of the tunnel segment, F r is the pressure exerted by the rock formation on the tunnel segment, F g is the pressure exerted by the ground load on the tunnel segment; Solve for the displacement vector u: u=K -1 F According to the stiffness matrix K of the segment structure and the external load vector F, the deformation diagram of the segment displacement vector is constructed, and the deformation diagram is analyzed to obtain the maximum deformation D. max ; Buckling Analysis: Create the geometric stiffness matrix: K g =∫ V B T SBdV Where S is the stress matrix; The generalized eigenvalues ​​are of the form: (K-λK g )m=0 Among them, K g is the geometric stiffness matrix, λ is the eigenvalue, representing the critical load factor, and m is the eigenvector; The eigenvalues ​​are obtained by solving the equation for a matrix with zero determinant: it(K-λK g )=0 For each eigenvalue λ, i.e., the stability index, solve (K-λK g )m=0 to find the corresponding eigenvector m; The calculated eigenvalue λ i , i = 1, 2, 3, ... A, represents different critical load factors, in all calculated eigenvalues ​​λ i In the equation, select the smallest eigenvalue λ min As the minimum stability index S min ; The maximum deformation of the segment structure D max and the minimum stability index S min Substituting the objective function, the process of optimizing the segment design parameters is as follows: The maximum deformation of the segment structure D max and the minimum stability index S min Substituting into the objective function, the formula of the objective function is: D max Substitute S into D's place. min Substituting into the position of S, the objective function becomes: Through the above calculation, Z reaches the minimum value, thus achieving the maximum deformation D of the segment structure. max and the minimum stability index S min The optimal balance of When obtaining the maximum deformation D max After the optimal balance is achieved, according to the multivariate regression equation of the segment structure deformation, the equation is as follows: D max =b D0 +b D1 W2+β D2 T2+β D3 J2+b D4 L2+β D5 S2+ò D The optimization algorithm is used to iteratively solve the problem and find the optimal solution that meets the constraints. The optimization result is then substituted into the multiple regression equation of the segment structure deformation and the multiple regression equation of the stability index to verify whether the objective function is met. The parameters solved after optimizing the segment design parameters are: segment width optimization value W2, segment thickness optimization value T2, capping block angle optimization value J2, adjacent block angle optimization value L2, and the distance optimization value S2 between the capping block and the adjacent block.

2. The shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collected segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block were subjected to multivariate regression analysis to obtain the multivariate regression equation of segment structure deformation, based on the following formula: D=β D0 +b D1 W1+β D2 T1+β D3 J1+b D4 L1+β D5 S1+ò D Where D is the deformation of the segment structure, W1 is the segment width, T1 is the segment thickness, J1 is the capping block angle, L1 is the adjacent block angle, S1 is the distance between the capping block and the adjacent block, β D0 is a constant term, -100≤β D0 ≤100,ò D is the error term, 0≤ò D ≤10, β D1 is the regression coefficient of the segment width, β D2 is the regression coefficient of segment thickness, β D3 is the regression coefficient of the capping block angle, β D4 is the regression coefficient of the adjacent block angle, β D5 is the regression coefficient of the distance between the capping block and the adjacent block, 0.2≤β D1 ≤0.3, 0.3≤β D2 ≤0.4, 0.2≤β D3 ≤0.25, 0.1≤β D4 ≤0.2, 0.05≤β D5 ≤0.1, 0<β D5 <β D4 <β D3 <β D1 <β D2 , and β D1 +β D2 +β D3 +β D4 +β D5 =1.

3. The shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collected groundwater pressure, rock hardness and ground load were subjected to multiple regression analysis to obtain the multiple regression equation of the segment structure stability index, based on the following formula: S=β S0 +b S1 P w +b S2 H r +b S3 L g +ò S Among them, S is the stability index of the segment structure, P w is the groundwater pressure, H r is the rock hardness, L g is the ground load, β S0 is a constant term, -10≤β S0 ≤10,ò S is the error term, -3.92≤ò S ≤3.92, β S1 is the regression coefficient of groundwater pressure, β S2 is the regression coefficient of rock hardness, β S3 is the regression coefficient of the ground load, 0.2≤β S1 ≤0.3, 0.3≤β S2 ≤0.4, 0.2≤β S3 ≤0.3, 0<β S3 <β S1 <β S2 , and β S1 +β S2 +β S3 =1.

4. The shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the deformation and stability index of the segment structure, the objective function for optimizing the segment design parameters is established. The formula is as follows: Among them, Z is the objective function, minZ is the minimization target value, w1 is the weight coefficient of the deformation D of the segment structure, w2 is the weight coefficient of the stability index S of the segment structure, 0.4≤w1≤0.7, 0.3≤w2≤0.5, 0≤w2≤w1, and w1+w2=1.

5. The shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size parameters of the optimized value of the segment width W2, the optimized value of the segment thickness T2, the optimized value of the capping block angle J2, the optimized value of the adjacent block angle L2, and the optimized value of the distance between the capping block and the adjacent block S2 are processed and correlation analyzed to generate the comprehensive coefficient of the segment design parameters. The formula is as follows: Among them, C is the comprehensive coefficient of the segment design parameters, δ is the exponential attenuation coefficient of the segment width optimization value W2, γ is the slope of the Sigmoid function of the segment thickness optimization value T2, κ is the reference value of the capping block angle optimization value J2, is the slope of the Sigmoid function of the optimized value L2 of the adjacent block angle, η is the slope of the Sigmoid function of the optimized value S2 of the distance between the capping block and the adjacent block; Among them, the Sigmoid function is a common mathematical function in the form of Used to map an input value to an output value between 0 and 1.

6. The shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the range of the comprehensive coefficient, the process of judging the optimization of shield tunnel segment design parameters is as follows: When 0.3≤C<0.6, within this range, the optimization effect of the segment design parameters is average, and the shield tunnel segment structure stability is average, and it is necessary to slightly adjust the segment width or segment thickness or capping block angle; When 0.6≤C≤1, within this range, the optimization effect of the segment design parameters is good, and the shield tunnel segment structure is highly stable, without the need to adjust the segment width or segment thickness or capping block angle.

7. A shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization system, the system is used to execute a shield tunnel segment design parameter optimization method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module is used to collect the segment's own parameters and environmental load parameters that affect the segment design. The segment's own parameters include segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block. The environmental load parameters include groundwater pressure, rock hardness, and ground load. Function construction module, used to perform multiple regression analysis on the collected segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block to obtain the deformation of the segment structure, perform multiple regression analysis on the collected groundwater pressure, rock hardness, and ground load to obtain the stability index of the segment structure, and establish an objective function for optimizing the segment design parameters based on the deformation and stability index of the segment structure; The data processing module is used to construct the finite element model of the shield tunnel segment, establish material properties and boundary condition constraints, apply external loads, perform static analysis and buckling analysis, obtain the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure, substitute the maximum deformation and minimum stability index of the segment structure into the objective function, and perform segment design parameter optimization. The data analysis module is used to formulate a specific segment design scheme according to the design parameters obtained by optimization solution, including determining the optimized size parameters of segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block, and processing the optimized size parameters of segment width, segment thickness, capping block angle, adjacent block angle, and distance between capping block and adjacent block, and performing correlation analysis to generate comprehensive coefficients of segment design parameters; The judgment module is used to judge the optimization of shield tunnel segment design parameters according to the interval range of the comprehensive coefficient.

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