Use of camel hump in the preparation of a medicament for preventing or treating a parasitic infection or a complication caused by a parasitic infection or a fish feed

Abstract

The application provides application of a camel hoofer in preparation of a medicine for preventing or treating a parasitic infection or a complication caused by the parasitic infection or a fish feed, and belongs to the field of veterinary drugs. The camel hoofer has an excellent effect of killing a naid, and in-vivo experiments show that the camel hoofer has an effect of preventing and treating a naid disease of Scophthalmus maximus. The camel hoofer has little toxicity to Scophthalmus maximus, has no disadvantages of drug residue detection, reduces use of chemical drugs in Scophthalmus maximus culture, and reduces pollution of a marine environment caused by use of chemical agents.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of veterinary medicine, in particular to the application of camel hoof in the preparation of drugs for preventing or treating parasitic infections or complications caused by parasitic infections or fish feed. BACKGROUND

[0002] Scophthalmus maximus belongs to the genus Scophthalmus, the class of Osteichthyes, the order of Pleuronectiformes, the suborder of Pleuronectoidei, the family of Scophthalmidae and the genus of Scophthalmus, and its English name is turbo. It is naturally distributed in the European coast from the east to the northeast of the Atlantic Ocean and lives in the bottom. Since its introduction into China, it has created good economic benefits, and its artificial breeding has become one of the important pillar industries of marine aquaculture in China. However, with the increasing density of Scophthalmus maximus breeding, various diseases have followed. Parasitic diseases caused by chilodonella, cryptosporidium, vorticella and flagellate have caused great losses to the Scophthalmus maximus breeding industry, and the most harmful one is chilodonella disease.

[0003] The parasitic disease of Scophthalmus maximus caused by chilodonella has the characteristics of strong infectivity and great harm, especially the mortality of fry is very high once it breaks out, which causes great losses to the breeders. The diseased fish has black body color, anorexia, hyperemia and erosion on the body surface and the inner side of gill cover, and floats on the water surface and swims around the pond. Chilodonella generally exists in large quantities in the affected parts, body surface and gill of Scophthalmus maximus, and can also infect most internal organs including brain tissue.

[0004] At present, there are few effective methods for treating chilodonella disease in China, especially there is no specific oral drug for killing chilodonella. In actual production, in order to prevent the occurrence of diseases, antibiotics and chemical disinfectants are often used to treat fish diseases. Formaldehyde, copper sulfate and other chemicals are commonly used to prevent and control the disease, and even prohibited pesticides are used to treat chilodonella disease. However, the use of pesticides and chemical drugs not only easily causes fish poisoning and death, but also pollutes the environment, which has become a green trade barrier problem for the current export of aquatic products. Therefore, it is urgent to find new, safe and pollution-free insecticidal drugs, especially oral drugs.

[0005] Camel hoof is the root of Erodium stephanianum Willd, also known as camel hoof. It is mainly distributed in the west of Inner Mongolia, Hexi of Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang. Camel hoof is a medicinal plant in the desert area of China, and Xinjiang has rich resources. Its root is used as medicine, tastes pungent and is cool in nature. It has the functions of relieving cough and reducing sputum, relieving pain and reducing inflammation, and is widely used in the local folk for bronchitis, cold, toothache and intractable headache, reducing blood sugar, anti-hypertension, stopping diarrhea and antibacterial effects. However, the effect of camel hoof on preventing Scophthalmus maximus chilodonella has not been reported. SUMMARY

[0006] Invention objectives

[0007] The application aims to provide the use of a camel hoof in the preparation of a medicine or fish feed for preventing or treating a parasitic infection or a complication caused by a parasitic infection.

[0008] Solution

[0009] To achieve the object, the application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0010] In the first aspect, the application provides the use of a camel hoof in the preparation of a medicine or fish feed for preventing or treating a parasitic infection or a complication caused by a parasitic infection.

[0011] In the second aspect, the application provides the use of a camel hoof as the only active ingredient in the preparation of a medicine or fish feed for preventing or treating a parasitic infection or a complication caused by a parasitic infection.

[0012] In the first aspect or the second aspect, the parasitic infection is a parasitic infection of fish, and is optionally a dinoflagellate infection.

[0013] In the first aspect or the second aspect, the medicine is an oral medicine or a medicated bath preparation.

[0014] In the first aspect or the second aspect, the feed contains a camel hoof powder, and optionally contains 0.1-1% of the camel hoof powder, and optionally contains 0.2-1% of the camel hoof powder (optionally, the camel hoof powder is a camel hoof powder crushed to 80 mesh).

[0015] In the first aspect or the second aspect, the medicine is in any one of a powder, a granule, a capsule, a tablet, and a liquid, and optionally, the liquid contains 0.1-3g / mL of the camel hoof, and optionally, the liquid contains 0.5-1g / mL of the camel hoof, and optionally, the liquid is an oral liquid or a medicated bath.

[0016] In the first aspect or the second aspect, the medicine further contains a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, and optionally contains 20-25% by volume of PEG-60.

[0017] In the first aspect or the second aspect, the medicine is a camel hoof alcohol extract or a camel hoof alcohol powder, and optionally is a camel hoof ethanol extract, and optionally is a camel hoof ethanol extract or a medicine prepared from the camel hoof ethanol extract, and optionally is a camel hoof ethanol heated extract.

[0018] In the first aspect or the second aspect, the alcohol extract of Camelus bactrianus is obtained by heating and leaching Camelus bactrianus with ethanol, and the alcohol is ethanol, and the alcohol is food-grade ethanol.

[0019] In the first aspect or the second aspect, the alcohol extract of Camelus bactrianus is obtained by heating and leaching Camelus bactrianus with ethanol, and the alcohol is ethanol, and the alcohol is food-grade ethanol.

[0020] In the first aspect or the second aspect, the heating temperature is 65-75°C, and the heating temperature is 70°C.

[0021] In the first aspect or the second aspect, the concentration of the extract is 0.1-3g / mL, and the concentration of the extract is 0.5-1g / mL.

[0022] Advantages

[0023] In the present application, Camelus bactrianus can be used to prepare an anti-nosema medicine or fish feed. Camelus bactrianus can be mixed with acceptable adjuvants to form a powder, which can be added to the feed of scophthalmus maximus suffering from nosema disease, or Camelus bactrianus can be extracted with ethanol and mixed with adjuvants to prepare a liquid oral or medicated bath for scophthalmus maximus suffering from nosema disease. It is found for the first time that Camelus bactrianus can significantly reduce the mortality rate of scophthalmus maximus suffering from nosema disease and reduce the infection rate of nosema. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the figures that constitute a part of this specification, which are illustrative of and not limiting to the embodiments. The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any implementation described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations.

[0025] Figure 1 The insecticidal effect of the different groups of liquid medicine in Test Example 1 of the present application after dilution by 2048 times, wherein A is the insecticidal effect (microscopic observation) of the ethanol extract of Camelus bactrianus (1g / mL of crude drug) diluted by 2048 times, and B is the insecticidal effect (microscopic observation) of food-grade ethanol diluted by 2048 times. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] In addition, for a better understanding of the present application, a number of specific details are set forth in the following detailed description. Those skilled in the art will understand, however, that the application can be practiced without certain of the specific details set forth in the detailed description. In some instances, well-known pre-materials, components, methods, protocols, and other such details have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present application.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure, and will not be interpreted in an overly literal or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

[0029] The E. Bactrianus laminae can be commercially available, for example, can be purchased from Agou City Jufu Chinese Herbal Medicine Co., Ltd.

[0030] Example 1 E. Bactrianus laminae powder

[0031] Preparation of E. Bactrianus laminae powder: 200g of E. Bactrianus laminae medicinal materials were crushed and passed through an 80-mesh screen to obtain E. Bactrianus laminae powder.

[0032] Example 2: E. Bactrianus laminae ethanol extract

[0033] Preparation of E. Bactrianus laminae ethanol extract: 500g of crushed E. Bactrianus laminae medicinal materials (crushed material passing through an 80-mesh or 20-mesh screen) were added with 10 times the amount of food-grade ethanol, heated to 70°C, and soaked and extracted for 2 hours. The extraction was performed twice, and the extract was combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to 1000mL, with a crude drug amount of 0.5g / mL.

[0034] Example 3: E. Bactrianus laminae ethanol extract

[0035] Preparation of E. Bactrianus laminae ethanol extract: 500g of crushed E. Bactrianus laminae medicinal materials were added with 10 times the amount of food-grade ethanol, heated to 70°C, and soaked and extracted for 2 hours. The extraction was performed twice, and the extract was combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to 500mL, with a crude drug amount of 1g / mL.

[0036] Example 4: E. Bactrianus laminae water extract

[0037] Preparation of E. Bactrianus laminae water extract: 500g of E. Bactrianus laminae medicinal materials were added with 10 times the amount of water and decocted for 2 hours. The decoction was performed twice, and the extract was combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to 500mL, with a crude drug amount of 1g / mL.

[0038] Test Example 1: In vitro killing effect on Balantidium coli

[0039] In vitro test method for killing chlamydomonas: take 96 deep hole plate, first in each hole add 0.6 mL of seawater, add 0.6 mL of drug solution in each row of the first hole (grouped including: food grade ethanol control group, examples 2, 3, 4, camel hoof petal extract, two parallel controls in each group), dilute with seawater times, dilute to the 12th hole, the drug concentration is diluted to 1 / 2-1 / 4096 of the mother liquor respectively; 120 μL of the diluted drug solution is taken and added to the 96-well flat bottom cell culture plate, then 120 μL of chlamydomonas solution is added to each well, at this time the drug concentration in each well is 1 / 4-1 / 8192 of the drug mother liquor, gently tap the cell culture plate for 10-20 times, then stand for 1 hour, observe the insecticidal effect under a microscope.

[0040] The results show that the minimum insecticidal concentration of the food grade ethanol control group is 1 mL:8 mL (i.e. 8-fold dilution) (i.e. the insecticidal effect of other drug groups is meaningful from 1:16-fold dilution hole), the minimum insecticidal concentration of the camel hoof petal ethanol extract of example 2 (crude drug amount 0.5 g / mL) is 1 mL:1024 mL, the minimum insecticidal concentration of the camel hoof petal ethanol extract of example 3 (crude drug amount 1 g / mL) is 1 mL:2048 mL, the insecticidal effect of example 3 at the minimum insecticidal concentration is shown in Figure 1 A, the results show that this concentration can completely destroy the structure of chlamydomonas, and the morphological structure of chlamydomonas cannot be seen (relative to the concentration of the ethanol control group, the structure of chlamydomonas is complete, and the swimming is normal, as shown in Figure 1 B); the camel hoof petal water extract of example 4 (crude drug amount 1 g / mL) has chlamydomonas alive at a concentration of 1 mL:16 mL, so the water extract of camel hoof petal has no obvious killing effect on chlamydomonas.

[0041] The in vitro insecticidal effect test proves that camel hoof petal is a traditional Chinese medicinal material with excellent chlamydomonas killing effect, and its effective component is alcohol-soluble and non-water-soluble.

[0042] Test example 2 clinical prevention and treatment effect of camel hoof petal on scophthalmus olivaceus chlamydomonas disease

[0043] Experimental drug: mix the alcohol extract of example 2 with 25% PEG-60 by volume fraction at a volume fraction of 1:4 for gavage.

[0044] Experimental animals: fresh and live scophthalmus olivaceus, purchased from a scophthalmus olivaceus breeding farm in Qinhuangdao, weighing 200 g±30 g.

[0045] The experimental scophthalmus olivaceus is divided into 3 groups, 3 parallel groups in each group, 10 scophthalmus olivaceus in each parallel group:

[0046] The first group is a blank control group without drug and challenge;

[0047] The second group is the oral administration of Example 2 experimental group, the day of challenge administration, the first day of experiment, continuous administration for 3 days, challenge dose is 200,000 / L of Shielded Ciliate, continuous infection for 3 days, observe gill parasites of Turbot on the fourth day of experiment;

[0048] The third group is the challenge without administration group (model group), each group is set in parallel, only challenge without administration, the first day of challenge dose is 200,000 / L of Shielded Ciliate, continuous infection for 3 days, observe gill parasites of Turbot on the fourth day of experiment;

[0049] Gill parasite observation method: collect gill tissues of the same position of each Turbot, place on glass slide, observe under 100 times inverted microscope, more than 3 ciliates in each field of view is ciliate infection, determine no worm expelling effect, less than or equal to 3 ciliates in each field of view of sample is effective.

[0050] Results: no Shielded Ciliate infection is observed in blank control, 95% (10 / 10; 9 / 10) of gills of model group are infected with Shielded Ciliate, while the rate of Shielded Ciliate infection of gills of Example 2 administration group is 35% (3 / 10; 4 / 10). It is proved that the extract of Camel Foot has obvious prevention and treatment effect on Shielded Ciliate of Turbot.

[0051] Test Example 3 Prevention and Treatment Effect of Camel Foot on Shielded Ciliate Disease of Turbot in Large Area Clinical Verification

[0052] Experimental purpose: observe the prevention and treatment effect of Example 1 on Shielded Ciliate Disease of Turbot.

[0053] Experimental method: find the breeding farm with Shielded Ciliate disease in Changli, Qinhuangdao, after microscopic examination, multiple fish ponds have Shielded Ciliate disease, divide the fish ponds with Shielded Ciliate disease into groups, select 2 groups as Example 1 feed mixing group, the mixing dose is 200 g for 100 kg, continuous feeding for 5 days; the other fish ponds with disease are the conventional treatment group of the breeding farm, use formaldehyde soaking method to treat Shielded Ciliate disease, the concentration of formaldehyde soaking is 200 ppm. The number of Turbot in each group is about 2000.

[0054] Experimental results: during the administration of Example 1 group, the total number of deaths in the two fish ponds for 5 days is 9 and 12 respectively; while the formaldehyde soaking group counts 2 fish ponds, the number of deaths is 27 and 23 respectively, the number of deaths is much higher than that of Example 1 administration group. Microscopic observation is conducted on 20 fish in each fish pond, the number of Turbot infected with Shielded Ciliate in the two fish ponds of Example 1 group is 2 and 0 respectively, while the number of Turbot infected with Shielded Ciliate in the two fish ponds of formaldehyde soaking group is 4 and 5 respectively, the number of infection is obviously more than that of Example 1 group, which shows that Example 1 can replace formaldehyde soaking for insect killing, and has better effect on preventing and treating Shielded Ciliate Disease of Turbot.

[0055] The inventor adds the Euphrasia royleana Wall into the feed by mixing the Euphrasia royleana Wall with acceptable adjuvants into powder, and feeding the Scophthalmus maximus according to the daily feed amount, wherein the adding amount of the Euphrasia royleana Wall medicinal material is 200 g of the Euphrasia royleana Wall medicinal material powder in 100 kg of the feed; or 500 g of the Euphrasia royleana Wall is extracted by ethanol, and the extract is sprinkled into 1000 kg of water to medicate the sick Scophthalmus maximus, or the extract is concentrated and added into the feed for oral administration to prevent and treat the Scophthalmus maximus against the dinoflagellate disease. The animal infection test proves that the addition of the Euphrasia royleana Wall can significantly reduce the infection rate and mortality rate of the Scophthalmus maximus against the dinoflagellate disease, and has a good effect against the dinoflagellate.

[0056] The multiple experimental results prove that the Euphrasia royleana Wall has a significant effect in preventing and treating the Scophthalmus maximus against the dinoflagellate disease, can reduce the mortality rate and infection rate of the Scophthalmus maximus against the dinoflagellate disease, can replace formaldehyde, has a better effect, and is safer.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. Application of camel hoof cloves in the preparation of drugs or fish feed for the prevention or treatment of turbot infection with scutiformis or complications caused by such infection; The drug is an ethanol extract of camel hoof petals or a powdered camel hoof petals. The fish feed contains camel hoof fragments or camel hoof ethanol extract.

2. Application of camel hoof petals as the sole active ingredient in the preparation of drugs or fish feed for the prevention or treatment of turbot infection with scutiformis or complications caused by such infection; The drug is an ethanol extract of camel hoof petals or a powdered camel hoof petals. The fish feed contains camel hoof petal powder or camel hoof petal ethanol extract.

3. The application according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The drug is an oral medication or a medicated bath preparation.

4. The application according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fish feed contains 0.1% to 1% camel hoof fragments.

5. The application according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fish feed contains 0.2% to 1% crushed camel hoof fragments.

6. The application according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The camel hoof fragments were crushed and passed through an 80-mesh sieve.

7. The application according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The dosage form of the drug is any one of powder, granules, capsules, tablets, or liquid.

8. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The crude drug content of camel hoof cloves in the liquid formulation is 0.1~3g / mL.

9. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The crude amount of camel hoof cloves in the liquid formulation is 0.5~1g / mL.

10. The application according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The drug also contains pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

11. The application according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The drug also contains 20-25% by volume of PEG-60.

12. The application according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The drug is a preparation made from camel hoof petal ethanol extract or camel hoof petal ethanol extract.

13. The application according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The drug is an ethanol-heated extract of camel hoof petals.

14. The application according to claim 13, characterized in that, The camel hoof petal ethanol extract is obtained by heating and soaking camel hoof petals in ethanol and then concentrating the extract.

15. The application according to claim 14, characterized in that, The ethanol is food-grade ethanol.

16. The application according to claim 14, characterized in that, The preparation method of the camel hoof petal alcohol extract is as follows: add 5 to 15 times the amount of ethanol to every 500g of camel hoof petals, heat, and extract by soaking 1 to 3 times. Combine the extracts and concentrate under reduced pressure to 0.5 to 2.5L.

17. The application according to claim 14, characterized in that, The heating temperature is 65~75℃.

18. The application according to claim 14, characterized in that, The heating temperature is 70℃.

19. The application according to claim 14, characterized in that, The crude drug content of camel hoof cloves in the concentrate is 0.1~3g / mL.

20. The application according to claim 14, characterized in that, The crude amount of camel hoof cloves in the concentrate is 0.5~1g / mL.

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