Window unit, display device and transportation tool

Abstract

The present application provides a window unit that can be applied to a display device. The window unit provided by the present application can eliminate stray light in the environment, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the reflectivity of stray light on the surface of the display device and eliminating glare in the display device, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the display effect and improving the user experience. The window unit provided by the present application includes a spectroscopic film, a substrate and a first medium. The spectroscopic film is used to reflect the first image light and transmit the second image light. Among them, the second image light is generated based on the first image light, and the second image light is transmitted from the first surface of the substrate to the second surface relative to the first surface. The first medium is used to eliminate stray light transmitted from the second surface of the substrate to the first surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the fields of display technology and intelligent automobile driving technology, and more specifically, to a window unit, a display device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Cars have become an indispensable means of transportation in people's daily lives. With the development of intelligent cars, people's application needs for cars have been upgraded from simple means of transportation to a living space with certain information acquisition and entertainment enjoyment. Among them, display devices based on virtual image display technology research provide users with a new intelligent in-vehicle display experience.

[0003] In some virtual image display devices, users can watch images and videos through an optical window. As a window for light transmission, the optical window cannot prevent external stray light from entering the display device. However, when the stray light entering through the optical window is reflected inside the device, strong glare will be generated, causing visual fatigue to the user, affecting the viewing effect and reducing the user's viewing experience.

[0004] Therefore, how to reduce the reflection of external stray light on the display device and the glare caused by the stray light entering the display device, improve the display effect of the display device, and further achieve the purpose of improving the user experience, is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a window unit, a display device and a vehicle. The window unit provided by the present application can eliminate stray light in the environment, reduce glare in the display device, and reduce the reflection of stray light by the window unit, thereby achieving the purpose of improving display effect and user experience.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an embodiment of a window unit. The window unit provided by the present application includes a spectroscopic film, a substrate, and a first medium. The spectroscopic film is used to reflect a first image light and transmit a second image light, the second image light is generated based on the first image light, and the second image light is transmitted from a first surface of the substrate to a second surface of the substrate, and the first surface and the second surface are opposite to each other; the first medium is used to eliminate stray light, and the stray light is transmitted from the second surface to the first surface.

[0007] Based on the above scheme, the window unit provided in the present application eliminates stray light through the first medium, so that after the window unit provided in the present application is applied to the display device, it can reduce and eliminate the reflection of stray light on the window unit, and at the same time can also reduce and eliminate the glare caused by stray light, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the display effect.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the external absorption rate A of the window unit is EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Satisfaction: A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Satisfaction: R EXT ≤R INT , where the external absorption rate A EXT is the absorptivity of the window unit to the stray light, and the internal absorptivity A INT is the absorptivity of the window unit to the second image light, and the external reflectivity R EXT is the reflectivity of the window unit to the stray light, and the internal reflectivity R INT is the reflectivity of the window unit to the first image light.

[0009] Based on the above solution, the window unit provided in the present application has a greater absorption rate for stray light than for image light, which can ensure the display effect of the display device.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first medium is at least one layer of optical film made of metal material, and the optical film is disposed on the surface of the prismatic film or inside the prismatic film.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the material of the optical film is metal chromium Cr or metal titanium Ti.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the external absorption rate A EXT The range meets: 40% ≤ A EXT ≤95%, the internal reflectivity R INT The range meets: 10% ≤ R INT ≤60%.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the window unit also includes a neutral density ND filter, the ND filter is arranged outside the first surface and / or the second surface, and the ND filter is used to eliminate the stray light.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the external absorption rate A EXT The range meets: 45% ≤ A EXT ≤99%, the internal reflectivity R INT The range meets: 10% ≤ R INT ≤60%.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the window unit further includes a polarization module, the polarization module includes a plurality of polarization elements, and the polarization module is disposed outside the second surface to eliminate the stray light.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the window unit further includes a polarization module, the polarization module includes a plurality of polarization elements, and the polarization module is disposed on the outer side of the second surface to eliminate the stray light.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the external absorption rate A EXT The range meets: 60% ≤ A EXT ≤99%, the internal reflectivity R INT The range meets: 10% ≤ R INT ≤60%.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first medium is a neutral density ND filter, the ND filter is disposed on the first surface and / or outside the second surface, and the ND filter is used to eliminate the stray light.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the window unit further includes a polarization module, the polarization module includes a plurality of polarization elements, and the polarization module is disposed on the outer side of the second surface to eliminate the stray light.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first medium is a polarization module, the polarization module includes a plurality of polarization elements, and the polarization module is disposed on the outside of the second surface to eliminate the stray light.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the window unit further includes an anti-reflection film, which is disposed on an outer side of the second surface to eliminate the stray light.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a reflectivity of the window unit to the stray light is less than 4%.

[0023] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display device. The display device includes: an image generating unit, an image magnifying unit, and a window unit provided in the first aspect and any one of the implementations of the first aspect, wherein the image generating unit is used to emit the first image light to the window unit; the window unit is also used for a human eye to view a virtual image formed by the second image light through the window unit; and the image magnifying unit generates the second image light based on the reflection of the first image light from the window unit.

[0024] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cockpit system, which includes the display device provided in the second aspect above.

[0025] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a means of transportation, comprising the display device provided in the second aspect or the cockpit system provided in the third aspect.

[0026] In combination with the fourth aspect, in certain implementations of the fourth aspect, the display device is arranged at at least one of a headrest of a seat of the vehicle, a seat back of the seat of the vehicle, and a dashboard of the vehicle.

[0027] The beneficial effects brought about by the second and fourth aspects mentioned above can be specifically referred to the description of the beneficial effects in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of a smart cockpit display system 100 applicable to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of a smart cockpit display system 200 applicable to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a first window unit 300 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic partial structural diagram of the first window unit with 39 film layers provided in the present application.

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram comparing the internal reflectivity of a window unit having only the prismatic film 302 and a window unit having both the prismatic film 302 and the optical film 303 provided in the present application.

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram comparing the external reflectivity of a window unit having only the prismatic film 302 and a window unit having both the prismatic film 302 and the optical film 303 provided in the present application.

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram comparing the external absorption rates of a window unit having only the prismatic film 302 and a window unit having both the prismatic film 302 and the optical film 303 provided in the present application.

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the internal absorption rate and the external absorption rate of the window unit provided in the present application, which has both the prismatic film 302 and the optical film 303 .

[0036] Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second window unit 900 provided in this application.

[0037] Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the third window unit 1000 provided in this application.

[0038] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the third window unit 1000 provided in the present application.

[0039] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of a polarization module 1005 applicable to the present application.

[0040] Fig.13 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fourth window unit 1300 provided in this application.

[0041] Fig.14 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth window unit 1400 provided in the present application.

[0042] Fig.15 A schematic partial structural diagram of the second window unit with 39 film layers provided in this application.

[0043] Fig.16 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sixth window unit 1600 provided in the present application.

[0044] Fig.17 This is a schematic structural diagram of the seventh window unit 1700 provided in the present application.

[0045] Fig.18 This is a schematic structural diagram of the eighth window unit 1800 provided in the present application.

[0046] Fig.19 This is a schematic structural diagram of the ninth window unit 1900 provided in the present application.

[0047] Fig. 20 This is a schematic structural diagram of the tenth window unit 2000 provided in the present application.

[0048] Fig.21 This is a schematic structural diagram of the ninth window unit 2100 provided in the present application.

[0049] Fig. 22 FIG. 4 is a possible side structural perspective view of a display device 30 suitable for an embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Fig.23 A circuit diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Fig.24 A schematic diagram of a possible functional framework of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Fig.25 A schematic functional block diagram of a mobile carrier 25 provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The technical solution in this application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0054] In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following explanation is made.

[0055] First, the terms "first", "second", etc. and various numbers in the text description or drawings of the embodiments of the present application shown below are only used for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, the first image light and the second image light are used to distinguish different image lights.

[0056] Second, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present application shown below are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a system, product or device comprising a series of units is not necessarily limited to those units explicitly listed, but may include other units that are not explicitly listed or inherent to these products or devices.

[0057] Third, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions, and the embodiments or designs described as "exemplarily" or "for example" should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. The use of words such as "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way for easy understanding.

[0058] Fourth, in the embodiments of the present application, image light refers to light that carries an image (or image information) and is used to generate an image, and may also be referred to as imaging light, etc.

[0059] Fifth, in the drawings of the present application, the thickness, size and shape of each optical element have been slightly exaggerated for the sake of convenience. Specifically, the shapes of the optical elements shown in the drawings are shown by way of example, and the drawings are only examples and not drawn strictly to scale.

[0060] Sixth, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "outside", etc. indicate orientation or positional relationships that are defined relative to the orientation or position of the components schematically placed in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, rather than indicating or implying that the device or structural component must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. It may change accordingly according to the change in the orientation of the components placed in the drawings, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0061] Seventh, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which this application belongs.

[0062] Eighth, the present application relates to neutral density (ND) filters, which can also be called ND films, neutral density films, neutral filters, attenuation films, fixed density filters, etc. ND filters absorb or reflect the part of light that is not transmitted to uniformly reduce the transmittance in a certain part of the spectrum. Reflective ND filters use the principle of thin film interference to transmit part of the light and reflect another part of the light. Absorption ND filters generally refer to materials themselves or materials doped with certain elements to absorb light. In the present application, an absorption ND filter is used, which absorbs light by doping with metal ions, including but not limited to iron ions or cobalt ions; or doping with organic dyes, including but not limited to melanin or aniline black; or doping with inorganic substances, including but not limited to carbon powder or carbon nanotubes; or various combinations of the above materials.

[0063] Ninth, the present application relates to a window unit, which can also be called a window sheet (Windows), an optical window, a window, a window module, etc. It is a transparent window used in an optical system, which allows light to pass through or leave the system. The main function of the window unit is to separate the environments on both sides, such as separating the inside and outside of an instrument, isolating the inside and outside of the instrument from each other, thereby protecting the internal components. That is, while allowing light to pass through, it plays a role in preventing pollution, maintaining vacuum, and preventing oxidation. It does not change the optical magnification and only affects the optical path in the optical path.

[0064] Tenth, the present application relates to an anti-reflection coating (AR), also known as an anti-reflection coating or an anti-reflection coating. It is generally formed by coating a multilayer thin film on a substrate. The multilayer thin film is usually composed of alternating materials of high refractive index and low refractive index. Among them, the film layer with a high refractive index will cause the phase delay of the light wave, and the film layer with a low refractive index will cause the phase advance of the light wave. The principle of the anti-reflection film is to reduce the refractive index difference between the external environment and the substrate (the substrate coated with the anti-reflection film) so that the stray light can be transmitted through the substrate as much as possible, thereby reducing the stray light reflected from the surface of the substrate. At the same time, the design of the high refractive index and low refractive index film layers can make the stray light reflected from the substrate interfere with the stray light reflected from the surface of the anti-reflection film, thereby achieving the purpose of extinction.

[0065] With the rapid development of smart cars, cars play an increasingly important role in people's lives, and the demand for in-vehicle displays is gradually increasing. For example, they provide entertainment services such as games and movies for passengers who take long rides. Or, they provide private office display environments for office workers. In some in-vehicle projection display devices, users can view large-size, long-distance virtual images through optical windows. However, in such display devices, stray light in the environment can enter the display device through the optical window, increasing the risk of light leakage and glare from the optical window.

[0066] In view of this, the present application provides a window unit with strong performance in eliminating external stray light, which can reduce the reflection of stray light on the window unit and eliminate glare. When the window unit provided by the present application is applied to a display device, it can improve the image quality and enable the display device to have excellent display performance.

[0067] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an application scenario of a smart cockpit display system 100 applicable to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent cockpit display system 100 includes at least one display device 101 and at least one seat 102. Figure 1 The example is shown in which a display device and a seat are provided, and the display device 101 is provided on the backrest of the seat 102. The display device 101 can generate an enlarged virtual image at a distant image plane through the input of an external video signal (also referred to as a signal source), providing viewers with a large-format, long-distance visual experience, and meeting the needs of users in various application scenarios such as leisure and entertainment, business office, etc.

[0068] It should be noted that the display device 101 can also be installed on the headrest of the seat 102. Alternatively, when the intelligent cockpit display system also includes a dashboard, the display device 101 can also be installed on the dashboard, such as Figure 2As shown in the cockpit system 200. When the display device 101 is installed on the instrument panel 202, the display device 101 can also be designed to be stored in the instrument panel 202. At this time, the shell of the display device 101 can be designed and shaped with reference to the shape and color of the instrument panel to achieve perfect unity with the appearance of the instrument panel 202, so as to achieve the purpose of taking into account the beauty of the cockpit system 200. In order to further enhance the intelligent effect of the cockpit system, in the system 200, a detector can also be used to detect information such as the user's posture and position, and the display device 101 can be automatically displayed according to the user's posture and position information. For example, when it is detected that the user is in front of the instrument panel 202 or the user's eyes are looking at the display device 101, the display device 101 can automatically rise or slide out from the instrument panel 202, and display the image after autonomously adjusting to a suitable position and angle.

[0069] It should also be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the display device 101 may be installed on the backrest of the seat 102, the headrest, or the instrument panel 202 before leaving the factory. Alternatively, it may be installed on the backrest of the seat 102, the headrest, or the instrument panel 202 by modifying the seat 102, the headrest, or the instrument panel 202 after leaving the factory, and the present application does not limit this.

[0070] Understandably, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The smart cockpit display systems 100 and 200 shown are only examples, that is, the smart cockpit display systems applicable to the embodiments of the present application are not limited to Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, it can also include Figure 1 or Figure 2 Other systems of the smart cockpit display system 100 or 200 shown or related to Figure 1 or Figure 2 This application does not limit other similar systems.

[0071] It should also be noted that the above Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is only one application scenario applicable to the embodiment of the present application, that is, the window unit provided by the present application can be applied to display devices in other display systems. In other words, the display device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to application to vehicle-mounted display systems.

[0072] Figure 3 The schematic structural diagram of the first window unit 300 provided in the embodiment of the present application is as follows. It can be understood that the window unit 300 can be applied to the above Figure 1 or Figure 2 In the display device 101 shown in FIG. Figure 3As shown, the window unit 300 includes a substrate 301, a diaphragm 302, and an optical film 303. The substrate 301 includes a first surface 3011 and a second surface 3012 that are relatively distributed. The diaphragm 302 is disposed on the outer side of the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301, and is used to reflect the first image light and transmit the second image light to the substrate 301. The second image light is generated based on the first image light and is transmitted along the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301 to the second surface 3012. The optical film 303 is used to eliminate stray light, which is transmitted from the second surface 3012 of the substrate 301 to the first surface 3011.

[0073] In the present application, the beam splitting film 302 is composed of at least one layer of dielectric film. Figure 3 As shown in , the spectroscopic film 302 includes a first dielectric film, a second dielectric film, a third dielectric film, ... and an mth dielectric film, wherein m is an integer greater than or equal to 1, for example, 1, 2, 3 ... It should be noted that the material of at least one dielectric film may be silicon oxide, such as SiO2, magnesium fluoride, such as MgF2, niobium oxide, such as Nb2O5, titanium oxide, such as TiO2, indium tin oxide ITO, zinc sulfide ZnS, chromium oxide, nickel oxide, aluminum oxide, etc., which are not limited in this application. At the same time, when the spectroscopic film 302 includes multiple dielectric films, this application does not limit whether the materials of the multiple dielectric films are completely the same. That is, in the present application, the materials of the multiple dielectric films may be completely the same, completely different, or partially the same. Exemplarily, when the spectroscopic film 302 includes 5 dielectric films, that is, m is equal to 5, the spectroscopic film 302 includes a first dielectric film, a second dielectric film, a third dielectric film, a fourth dielectric film, and a fifth dielectric film. At this time, the first dielectric film, the second dielectric film, the third dielectric film, the fourth dielectric film and the fifth dielectric film can be completely the same; or, the materials of the first dielectric film, the second dielectric film, the third dielectric film, the fourth dielectric film and the fifth dielectric film are completely different; or the materials of some dielectric films of the first dielectric film, the second dielectric film, the third dielectric film, the fourth dielectric film and the fifth dielectric film are the same, for example, the material of the first dielectric film is the same as the material of the third dielectric film, but different from the material of the second dielectric film, the fourth dielectric film and the fifth dielectric film, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0074] In the present application, the optical film 303 is composed of at least one metal film. Figure 3As shown in , the optical film 303 includes a first metal film, a second metal film, a third metal film... and an nth metal film, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, for example, 1, 2, 3... It should be noted that the material of at least one metal film layer may be nickel, chromium, titanium, tantalum, silver, gold, copper, zinc, aluminum or an alloy, etc., which is not limited in this application. At the same time, when the optical film 303 includes multiple layers of metal films, this application does not limit whether the materials of the multiple layers of metal films are completely the same. That is, in the present application, the materials of the multiple layers of metal films may be completely the same, completely different, or partially the same. Exemplarily, when the optical film 303 includes 3 layers of metal films, that is, n is equal to 3, the optical film 303 includes a first metal film, a second metal film and a third metal film. At this time, the first metal film, the second metal film and the third metal film can be exactly the same; or, the materials of the first metal film, the second metal film and the third metal film are completely different; or two of the first metal film, the second metal film and the third metal film have the same material, for example, the material of the first metal film is the same as the material of the third metal film, but different from the material of the second metal film, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0075] Specifically, in the present application, when stray light is transmitted from the substrate 301 to the optical film 303, at least one metal film in the optical film 303 can absorb the stray light, thereby reducing the reflection of the stray light on the window unit and eliminating glare.

[0076] It should be noted that in Figure 3 In the embodiment, the optical film 303 and the bezel film 302 are both disposed on the outside of the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301, and at least one metal film of the optical film 303 is disposed between the multiple dielectric films of the bezel film 302, but the present application is not limited to this for the positions of the optical film 303 and the bezel film 302. In some other embodiments, one of the at least one metal film of the optical film 303 is disposed on the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301 (or, disposed on the surface of the first dielectric film of the bezel film 302 close to the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301). Alternatively, in some other embodiments, one of the at least one metal film of the optical film 303 is disposed on the surface of the last dielectric film of the bezel film 302 away from the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301. Alternatively, in some other embodiments, one of the at least one metal film of the optical film 303 is disposed on the second surface 3012 of the substrate 301.

[0077] Exemplarily, when the optical film 303 includes a metal film, the metal film may be disposed on the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301, or disposed on the surface of the first dielectric film of the dichroic film 302 close to the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301, or the metal film may be disposed between the substrate 301 and the dichroic film 302. In this case, the metal film may absorb the stray light transmitted from the substrate 301 and the stray light reflected by the dichroic film 302, and simultaneously receive the second image light transmitted from the dichroic film 302, and transmit the second image light to the substrate 301. Alternatively, the metal film may be disposed on the outer surface of the last dielectric film of the dichroic film 302 away from the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301. In this case, the metal film may absorb the stray light transmitted from the dichroic film 302 and the stray light reflected by the components inside the display device on which the window unit 300 is installed, and transmit the second image light to the dichroic film 302. Alternatively, the metal film may also be disposed on the second surface 3012 of the substrate 301 . In this case, the metal film can directly absorb stray light from the external environment, reduce stray light entering the substrate 301 , and absorb stray light reflected and transmitted by the substrate 301 .

[0078] Exemplarily, when the optical film 303 includes a multilayer metal film, two metal films in the multilayer metal film can be respectively disposed on the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301 (that is, disposed on the surface of the first dielectric film of the bezel film 302 close to the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301, that is, disposed between the substrate 301 and the bezel film 302), and on the second surface 3012 of the substrate 301. At this time, the metal film disposed on the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301 can absorb the stray light transmitted from the substrate 301 and the stray light reflected by the bezel film 302, and transmit the second image light transmitted from the bezel film 302 to the substrate 301. The metal film disposed on the second surface 3012 of the substrate 301 can directly absorb the stray light from the external environment, reduce the stray light entering the substrate 301, and absorb the stray light reflected and transmitted by the second surface 3012 of the substrate 301. Alternatively, two metal films in the multi-layer metal film may be disposed on the outer surface of the last dielectric film of the first surface 3011 of the dichroic film 302 away from the substrate 301, and on any one of the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301 and the second surface 3012 of the substrate 301. In this case, the metal film disposed on the outer surface of the last dielectric film of the first surface 3011 of the dichroic film 302 away from the substrate 301 can absorb stray light transmitted from the dichroic film 302 and stray light reflected by the components inside the display device on which the window unit 300 is installed, and transmit the second image light to the dichroic film 302. The metal film disposed on the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301 (i.e., disposed on the surface of the first dielectric film of the dichroic film 302 close to the first surface 3011 of the substrate 301, i.e., disposed between the substrate 301 and the dichroic film 302) can absorb stray light transmitted from the substrate 301 and stray light reflected by the dichroic film 302, and transmit the second image light to the substrate 301. The surface of the window unit 300 disposed on the second surface 3012 of the substrate 301 can directly absorb stray light from the external environment, weaken the stray light entering the substrate 301 , and absorb the stray light reflected and transmitted by the substrate 301 .

[0079] It should also be noted that when the optical film 303 includes a multi-layer metal film, the multi-layer metal film can be inserted between the multi-layer dielectric films in a uniform or non-uniform manner. Figure 3In the illustrated embodiment, a multi-layer metal film is uniformly disposed between a multi-layer dielectric film. It is understood that when a multi-layer metal film can be disposed between a multi-layer dielectric film in a non-uniform manner, the number of dielectric films included between two adjacent metal films is not completely the same. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the number of metal films included in the optical film 303 can be the same as the number of dielectric films included in the spectroscopic film 302, or the number of metal films included in the optical film 303 can be different from the number of dielectric films included in the spectroscopic film 302, and the present application does not limit this.

[0080] Optionally, the material of the substrate 301 is inorganic glass, such as silicon dioxide SiO2, borosilicate glass BK7, etc. Alternatively, the material of the substrate 301 is thermoplastic plastic, such as polypropylene (PP) material, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) material, polycarbonate (PC) material, etc. Alternatively, the material of the substrate 301 is other materials, such as triacetyi cellulose (TAC) material, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0081] It is understandable that in the embodiment of the present application, the diaphragm film 302 and the optical film 303 can be made by physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD), such as atomic layer deposition (ALD), or sputtering, or wet coating, etc., and the present application does not limit it. Among them, the processes such as PVD, CVD, ALD, sputtering and wet coating can refer to the existing related technical process descriptions, and will not be repeated here. It is also understandable that the processes for generating the diaphragm film 302 and the optical film 303 listed above are currently common film-making processes. For other film-making processes that appear due to future technological developments, as long as they can be applied to the manufacture of the diaphragm film 302 and the optical film 303 in the present application scheme, they all belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0082] It should be noted that, since the window unit provided in the embodiment of the present application not only has an absorption effect on external stray light (realized by at least one of the above-mentioned metal film 303, the ND filter, the polarization module and the anti-reflection film described below), but can also reflect the first image light and transmit the second image light (realized by the beam splitter film). Therefore, in order to avoid the window unit absorbing stray light while losing too much image light and causing degradation of imaging quality, in the design of the present application, the external absorption rate A of the window unit is set to 0. EXT 、Internal absorption rate A INT , external reflectivity R EXT and internal reflectivity R INT There are performance requirements. Specifically, the external absorption rate A of the window unit EXT and internal absorption rate A INT satisfy:

[0083] A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Satisfaction: R EXT ≤R INT Among them, the external absorption rate A EXT is the absorptivity of the window unit to stray light, the internal absorptivity A INT is the absorptivity of the window unit to the second image light, and the external reflectivity R EXT is the reflectivity of the window unit to stray light, the internal reflectivity R INT is the reflectivity of the window unit to the first image light.

[0084] According to the law of conservation of energy, the external absorption rate A EXT The external reflectivity R EXT and external transmittance T EXT Decision, i.e. A EXT satisfy:

[0085] A EXT =1-R EXT -T EXT , where the external transmittance T EXT is the transmittance of the window unit to stray light. Similarly, the internal absorption rate A INT The internal reflectivity R INT and internal transmittance T INT Decision, i.e. A INT Satisfaction: A INT =1-R INT -T INT , where the internal transmittance T INT is the transmittance of the window unit to the second image light.

[0086] Therefore, for Figure 3 The window unit 300 shown, the external absorption rate A of the window unit 300 EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Also meets:

[0087] A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Also meets: R EXT ≤R INT At the same time, for Figure 3 The window unit 300 shown has an external absorption rate A EXT The range meets: 40% ≤ A EXT ≤95%, internal reflectivity R INT The scope meets:

[0088] 10%≤R INT ≤60%.

[0089] For example, Figure 4 The schematic partial structure diagram of the first type of window unit provided in this application has 39 layers of film. It can be understood that Figure 4 For the above Figure 3 A specific structure of the window unit 300 is shown. Figure 4 As shown, in the film layers from the 31st layer to the 39th layer, the metal film Cr layer (including the 32nd layer and the 36th layer) is arranged between two adjacent SiO2 layers, wherein the 31st layer, the 33rd layer, the 35th layer, the 37th layer and the 39th layer are SiO2, belonging to the above-mentioned splitter film 302, and the 34th layer and the 38th layer are niobium pentoxide Nb2O5, belonging to the above-mentioned splitter film 302. When the thickness of each layer from the 31st layer to the 39th layer is set as shown in Table 1 below, Figure 4 External absorption rate A of the window unit shown EXT is about 80%. When the thickness of each layer from the 31st to the 39th layer is set as shown in Table 2 below, Figure 4 External absorption rate A of the window unit shown EXT It is about 57%.

[0090] Table 1

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Table 2

[0094]

[0095] It should be noted that in the above Tables 1 and 2, the 1 / 4 optical thickness value and physical thickness value of each film layer are only examples and do not limit the protection scope of the present application. That is, any change in the numerical value in the above Tables 1 or 2 is within the protection scope of the present application, for example, the above thickness value is taken as a value with higher or lower precision, etc.

[0096] In order to illustrate the effect of the window unit provided in this application on eliminating stray light, Figures 5 to 7 The comparison effect diagrams of a general window unit with only a splitter film and a window unit with both a splitter film and an optical film provided by the present application are shown respectively. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram for comparing internal reflectivity. Figure 5 It can be seen that the internal reflectance of the general window unit including only the prismatic film and the window unit including both the prismatic film and the optical film is about 30%. Figure 6 is a comparison diagram of external reflectivity. Figure 6 It can be seen that the external reflectivity of the window unit with both the dichroic film and the optical film is less than 4.5% in the wavelength range of 400-700nm, and the external reflectivity of the general window unit containing only the dichroic film is about 28%. The larger reflectivity causes the general window unit containing only the dichroic film to have serious reflection. Figure 7 is a comparison diagram of external absorption rate, Figure 7 It can be seen that the window unit having both the prismatic film and the optical film has an absorption rate of nearly 60% for external stray light, while the general window unit having only the prismatic film hardly produces additional absorption for stray light.

[0097] It is understandable that in order not to significantly affect the light effect of the display device, the window unit should minimize the absorption of internal image light while absorbing external stray light. Figure 8 It can be seen that the window unit designed in the present application with both the dichroic film and the optical film has an absorption rate of nearly 60% for external light, while the absorption rate for internal light is only about 30%.

[0098] In summary Figures 5 to 8 It can be seen that when the window unit 300 provided in the present application is applied to a display device, not only can the light path be folded by the dichroic film to achieve the purpose of reducing the volume of the display device, but the stray light entering the display device can also be absorbed by the optical film, thereby reducing the reflection of the stray light, suppressing glare and improving the display effect.

[0099] It should be noted that, in the present application, there is no limitation on the number of substrates included in the window unit. Figure 3The window unit 300 shown may also include multiple substrates, for example, two substrates, a first substrate and a second substrate. When two substrates are included, a portion of the dielectric film and / or the optical film may be disposed on the first substrate, and another portion of the dielectric film and / or the optical film may be disposed on the second substrate. Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second window unit 900 provided in this application. Fig. 9 As shown, the window unit 900 includes a substrate 901, a beam splitter film 902, an optical film 903 and an absorption type ND filter 904. Figure 3 Compared with the window unit 300 shown in FIG. 1 , the window unit 900 is provided with an absorption type ND filter 904. The absorption type ND filter 904 eliminates the stray light by absorbing the stray light, thereby further eliminating the glare caused by the stray light. The absorption type ND filter 904 can be disposed on the first surface 9011 of the substrate 901, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , or disposed on the second surface 9012 of the substrate 901, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 The functions and positions of the substrate 901, the beam splitting film 902, and the optical film 903 can be referred to as Figure 3 The related descriptions of the substrate 301, the beam splitting film 302 and the optical film 303 of the window unit 300 are not repeated here.

[0100] Optionally, the material of the absorption type ND filter 904 used in the present application is a material doped with metal ions (such as iron ions or cobalt ions, etc.); or a material doped with organic dyes (such as melanin or aniline black, etc.); or a material doped with inorganic substances (such as carbon powder or carbon nanotubes, etc.); or other materials, such as the materials produced by various combinations of the above examples, which are not limited in the present application. In addition, the present application does not limit the absorption rate of the absorption type ND filter 904 used, for example, it can be 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or any absorption rate between 30% and 80%.

[0101] Optionally, the absorptive ND filter 904 is adhered to the first surface 9011 of the substrate 901 or the second surface 9012 of the substrate 901 by an optically clear adhesive.

[0102] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the positions of the diaphragm film 902, the optical film 903 and the absorptive ND filter 904. Exemplarily, when the absorptive ND filter 904 is disposed between the diaphragm film 902 or the optical film 903 and the surface (the first surface 9011 or the second surface 9012) of the substrate 901, the diaphragm film 902 or the optical film 903 can be disposed on the absorptive ND filter 904 by processes such as PVD, CVD, ALD, sputtering or wet coating. At this time, the absorptive ND filter 904 is used to absorb stray light transmitted from the diaphragm film 902 or the optical film 903, that is, to absorb stray light not absorbed by the metal film, or to absorb stray light transmitted from the substrate 901. Exemplarily, when a layer of metal film in the spectroscopic film 902 or the optical film 903 is arranged on the outside of the second surface 9012 of the substrate 901, the absorptive ND filter 904 can be arranged on the outside of the spectroscopic film 902 or the metal film, that is, the spectroscopic film 902 or the optical film 903 is arranged between the ND filter 904 and the second surface 9012 of the substrate 901. At this time, the metal film or the spectroscopic film can be arranged on the second surface 9012 by PVD, CVD, ALD, sputtering or wet coating, and the absorptive ND filter 904 is adhered to the metal film or the spectroscopic film 902 by optically transparent glue. At this time, the absorptive ND filter 904 is used to directly absorb stray light from the external environment.

[0103] It is also understandable that Fig. 9 The window unit 900 only includes one absorptive ND filter 904. In other embodiments, the window unit provided by the present application may also include two absorptive ND filters. For example, the two absorptive ND filters may be respectively arranged on two surfaces of the substrate 901, which can further enhance the absorption effect of external stray light.

[0104] for Fig. 9 The window unit 900 shown, the external absorption rate A of the window unit 900 EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Also meets: A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Also meets: R EXT ≤R INT At the same time, the external absorption rate A EXT The range meets: 45% ≤ A EXT ≤99%, internal reflectivity R INT The range meets: 10% ≤ R INT ≤60%.

[0105] It is understood that when the window unit 900 includes an absorptive ND filter, the external absorptivity of the window unit 900 is determined by the absorptive performance of the absorptive ND filter, that is, absorptive ND filters with different absorptivity are selected to achieve the external absorptivity and internal reflectivity of the window unit 900. For example, when the absorptivity of the absorptive ND filter is 50%, the external absorptivity A of the window unit is EXT When the absorption rate of the absorption type ND filter is 90%, the external absorption rate A of the window unit is EXT About 90%.

[0106] It should be noted that Fig. 9 This is an example of a window unit having only one substrate. In some embodiments, when the window unit includes an absorptive ND filter, the window unit may include multiple substrates. Fig.10 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the third window unit 1000 provided in this application. Fig.10 As shown, the window unit 1000 includes a substrate 1001, a beam splitter film 1002, an optical film 1003, an absorption type ND filter 1004 and a polarization module 1005. Fig. 9 Compared with the window unit 900 shown in FIG. 1 , the window unit 1000 is provided with a polarization module 1005. The polarization module 1005 is arranged on the second surface 10012 of the substrate 1001 to eliminate stray light. The substrate 1001, the beam splitter film 1002, the optical film 1003 and the absorption type ND filter 1004 can be referred to as Figure 3 or Fig. 9 The description of the corresponding parts in will not be repeated here.

[0107] Optionally, the polarization module 1005 is bonded to the second surface 10012 of the substrate 1001 by optically transparent adhesive.

[0108] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the positions of the diaphragm film 1002, the optical film 1003, the absorptive ND filter 1004, and the polarization module. In some embodiments, when the diaphragm film 1002 and / or the optical film 1003 are disposed outside the second surface 10012 of the substrate 1001, the polarization module 1005 and the second surface 10012 of the substrate 1001 are adhered to each other through the diaphragm film 1002 and / or the optical film 1003 and the second surface 10012 of the substrate 1001. For example, when a metal film of the optical film 1003 is disposed on the second surface 10012 of the substrate 1001, the polarization module 1005 is disposed on the surface where the metal film is not in contact with the substrate 1001. In other embodiments, when the absorptive ND filter 1004 is disposed on the outer side of the second surface 10012 of the substrate 1001, the polarization module 1005 is adhered to the absorptive ND filter 1004 by an optically transparent adhesive. In this case, the absorptive ND filter 1004 may be disposed on the outer side of the polarization module 1005. Fig.11 Alternatively, the polarization module 1005 may be disposed outside the absorptive ND filter 1004, as shown in (a) of FIG. Fig.11 As shown in (b) in .

[0109] It should be noted that the polarization module 1005 achieves the effect of eliminating stray light by changing the polarization state of stray light. Fig.12 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a polarization module 1005 applicable to the present application. Fig.12 As shown, the polarization module 1005 includes a polarizer 121 and a quarter wave plate 122. Specifically, when the external stray light passes through the linear polarizer 121, the light loss is half of the linear polarized light, and the linear polarized light continues to be incident on the quarter wave plate 122 and is converted into right-handed circularly polarized light (it can also be left-handed circularly polarized light, and the direction is determined by the angle between the optical axis of the quarter wave plate 122 and the linear polarizer 121). Subsequently, the right-handed circularly polarized light is reflected by other elements (such as the substrate 1001 or the optical film 1003 or the absorption type ND filter 1004) to form left-handed circularly polarized light (when the incident light is left-handed circularly polarized light, right-handed circularly polarized light is generated), and after passing through the quarter wave plate 122 again, an outgoing linear polarized light perpendicular to the polarization direction of the incident polarized light is generated, and the outgoing linear polarized light cannot be emitted through the linear polarizer 121, thereby achieving the elimination of the incident stray light.

[0110] It should be noted that in the present application, the structure of the polarization module 1105 is not limited to Fig.12 For example, the polarization module 1005 may further include a plurality of linear polarizers 121 with parallel optical axes, so as to further eliminate stray light. Alternatively, the polarization module 1005 may further include any combination of a half-wave plate, a linear polarizer, and a quarter-wave plate.

[0111] It should also be noted that, in some embodiments, the absorptive ND filter 1004 can also be replaced by a polarizer. If the polarization module 1005 is a combination of a linear polarizer and a quarter wave plate, then at this time, along the incident direction of the stray light, a polarizer (for replacing the absorptive ND filter), a polarizer, a quarter wave plate, a substrate, a dichroic film and an optical film are sequentially arranged.

[0112] It is understandable that Fig.10 The window unit 1000 shown, the external absorption rate A of the window unit 1000 EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Also meets: A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Also meets: R EXT ≤R INT .

[0113] Similarly, the window unit including the polarization module may also be composed of multiple substrates, which is not limited in this application.

[0114] Fig.13 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the fourth window unit 1300 provided in this application. Fig.13 As shown, the window unit 1300 includes a substrate 1301, a beam splitter film 1302, an optical film 1303, an absorption type ND filter 1304, a polarization module 1305 and an anti-reflection film 1306. Fig.10 Compared with the window unit 1000 shown in FIG. 1 , the window unit 1300 is provided with an anti-reflection film 1306. The anti-reflection film 1306 is arranged on the outer side of the second surface 13012 of the substrate 1301, that is, on the surface of the absorption type ND filter 1304, for eliminating stray light. The substrate 1301, the beam splitting film 1302, the optical film 1303, the absorption type ND filter 1304 and the polarization module 1305 can be referred to in Figure 3 or Fig. 9 or Fig.10 The description of the corresponding parts in will not be repeated here.

[0115] It should be noted that the anti-reflection film 1306 can be disposed on the surface of the absorption type ND filter 1304 by processes such as PVD, CVD, ALD, sputtering or wet coating.

[0116] Specifically, since the anti-reflection film 1306 reduces the refractive index difference between the outside air and the absorptive ND filter 1304, when the outside stray light is incident on the surface of the anti-reflection film 1306, most of the stray light will be transmitted through the absorptive ND filter 1304, and only a small amount of stray light is reflected on the surface of the absorptive ND filter 1304 and reaches the surface of the anti-reflection film 1306 again. This part of the stray light returning to the anti-reflection film 1306 interferes with the stray light reflected on the surface of the anti-reflection film 1306, thereby achieving the elimination of the incident stray light and further achieving the purpose of eliminating the stray light.

[0117] It is understandable that Fig.13 The window unit 1300 shown, the external absorption rate A of the window unit 1300 EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Also meets: A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Also meets: R EXT ≤R INT .

[0118] Similarly, when the window unit also includes an anti-reflective film, the window unit may also be composed of multiple substrates, which is not limited in the present application.

[0119] Fig.14 1400 is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth window unit 1400 provided in this application. Fig.14 As shown, the window unit 1400 includes a substrate 1401, a beam splitter film 1402, an optical film 1403 and a polarization module 1404. The substrate 1401, the beam splitter film 1402 and the optical film 1403 can refer to Figure 3 or Fig. 9 or Fig.10 For the description of the corresponding part in the polarization module 1404, please refer to Fig.10 The description of the corresponding parts in will not be repeated here.

[0120] It can be understood that the polarization module 1404 is bonded to the second surface 14012 of the substrate 1401 by optically transparent adhesive.

[0121] It can also be understood that, in some embodiments, when the splitter film 1402 and / or the optical film 1403 are arranged on the outside of the second surface 14012 of the substrate 1401, the polarization module 1404 and the second surface 14012 of the substrate 1401 are adhered together through the splitter film 1402 and / or the optical film 1403 and the second surface 14012 of the substrate 1401.

[0122] It is understandable that Fig.14The window unit 1400 shown, the external absorption rate A of the window unit 1400 EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Also meets: A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Also meets: R EXT ≤R INT At the same time, the external absorption rate A EXT The range meets: 60% ≤ A EXT ≤99%, internal reflectivity R INT The range meets: 10% ≤ R INT ≤60%.

[0123] For example, Fig.15 The schematic partial structure diagram of the second window unit provided in this application has 39 layers of film. It can be understood that Fig.15 For the above Fig.14 A specific structure of the window unit 1400 is shown. Fig.15 As shown, in the film layers from the 31st layer to the 39th layer, the metal film Cr layer (including the 32nd layer and the 36th layer) is arranged between two adjacent SiO2 layers, wherein the 31st layer, the 33rd layer, the 35th layer, the 37th layer and the 39th layer are SiO2, belonging to the above-mentioned splitter film 1402, and the 34th layer and the 38th layer are niobium pentoxide Nb2O5, belonging to the above-mentioned splitter film 1402. When the thickness of each layer from the 31st layer to the 39th layer is set as shown in Table 2 above, and the polarizer in the polarization module 1404 adopts an iodine-based or fuel-washed polarizer, Fig.15 External absorption rate A of the window unit shown EXT is about 80%. When the thickness of each layer from the 31st layer to the 39th layer is set as shown in Table 1 above, and the polarizer in the polarization module 1404 adopts an iodine-based or fuel-washed polarizer, Fig.15 External absorption rate A of the window unit shown EXT About 90%.

[0124] Similarly, for the window unit 1400, the present application does not limit the number of substrates included in the window unit.

[0125] Fig.16 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the sixth window unit 1600 provided in this application. Fig.16 As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , the window unit 1600 includes a substrate 1601, a beam splitter film 1602, an optical film 1603, a polarization module 1604, and an anti-reflection film 1605. Fig.14Compared with the window unit 1400 shown in FIG. 1 , the window unit 1600 has an anti-reflection film 1605. The anti-reflection film 1605 is disposed on the surface of the polarization module 1604 to eliminate stray light. Fig.14 For the description of the corresponding part, the anti-reflection film 1605 can refer to Fig.13 The description of the corresponding parts in will not be repeated here.

[0126] It is understandable that the anti-reflection film 1605 can be disposed on the surface of the polarization module 1604 by processes such as PVD, CVD, ALD, sputtering or wet coating.

[0127] It is to be understood that the present application does not limit the number of substrates included in the window unit. Fig.16 As shown in (b) of FIG. 1 , the window unit 1600 may further include a substrate 1601, a beam splitting film 1602, an optical film 1603, a polarization module 1604, a substrate 1606 and an anti-reflection film 1605. Fig.16 Compared with (a), Fig.16 The window unit 1600 shown in (b) has two substrates. The substrate 1601, the beam splitting film 1602, the optical film 1603, the polarization module 1604 and the anti-reflection film 1605 can be referred to as Fig.16 For the corresponding description of (a) in the figure, the substrate 1606 can refer to the description of the substrate 1601, which will not be repeated here.

[0128] It is understandable that Fig.16 The window unit 1600 shown, the external absorption rate A of the window unit 1600 EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Also meets: A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Also meets: R EXT ≤R INT .

[0129] Fig.17 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the seventh window unit 1700 provided in the present application. Fig.17 As shown, the window unit 1700 includes a substrate 1701, a beam splitter film 1702, and an absorptive ND filter 1703. It is understood that the absorptive ND filter 1703 can be disposed on a first surface 17011 of the substrate 1701, such as Fig.17 As shown in (a) in FIG. 1 , or disposed on the second surface 17012 of the substrate 1701, as shown in FIG. Fig.17As shown in (b) of FIG. 1 , the purpose of eliminating stray light is achieved by absorbing stray light. The beam splitting film 1702 is composed of at least one layer of dielectric film. Specifically, Fig.17 As shown in , the diaphragm 1702 includes a first dielectric film, a second dielectric film, a third dielectric film, ... and an mth dielectric film, wherein m is an integer greater than or equal to 1. For other descriptions of the substrate 1701, the diaphragm 1702 and the absorption type ND filter 1703, reference may be made to the corresponding elements in the above embodiments. For example, Fig. 9 The related descriptions of the substrate 901, the beam splitting film 902 and the absorption type ND filter 904 of the window unit 900 are not repeated here.

[0130] It is understandable that when an absorptive ND filter 1703 is disposed between the diaphragm 1702 and the surface (the first surface 17011 or the second surface 17012) of the substrate 1701, the diaphragm 1702 can be disposed on the absorptive ND filter 1703 by processes such as PVD, CVD, ALD, sputtering or wet coating. In this case, the absorptive ND filter 1703 is used to absorb stray light transmitted from the diaphragm 1702, or to absorb stray light transmitted from the substrate 1701.

[0131] It is also understandable that Fig.17 The window unit 1700 only includes an embodiment of an absorptive ND filter 1703. In other embodiments, the window unit provided in the present application may also include two absorptive ND filters. The two absorptive ND filters may be respectively arranged on two surfaces of the substrate, which can further enhance the absorption effect of external stray light.

[0132] for Fig.17 The window unit 1700 shown, the external absorption rate A of the window unit 1700 EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Also meets: A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Also meets: R EXT ≤R INT .

[0133] Fig.18 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the eighth window unit 1800 provided in the present application. Fig.18 As shown, the window unit 1800 includes a substrate 1801, a beam splitter film 1802, an absorption type ND filter 1803 and a polarization module 1804. Fig.17Compared with the window unit 1700 shown in FIG. 1 , the window unit 1800 has a polarization module 1804 added thereto. The polarization module 1804 is disposed on the second surface 18012 of the substrate 1801 to eliminate stray light. The substrate 1801, the beam splitter film 1802, the optical film 1803 and the absorption type ND filter 1803 can be referred to as Fig.17 The polarization module 1804 can refer to the description in the above embodiment, for example Fig.10 The polarization module 1005 in will not be described in detail here.

[0134] Optionally, the polarization module 1804 is bonded to the second surface 18012 of the substrate 1801 by optically transparent adhesive. The absorption type ND filter 1803 is bonded to the polarization module 1804 by optically transparent adhesive.

[0135] It is understandable that in some embodiments, when the prismatic film 1802 is disposed outside the second surface 18012 of the substrate 1801 , the polarization module 1804 and the second surface 18012 of the substrate 1801 are adhered together via the prismatic film 1802 .

[0136] It is understandable that Fig.18 The window unit 1800 shown, the external absorption rate A of the window unit 1800 EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Also meets: A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Also meets: R EXT ≤R INT .

[0137] Fig.19 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the ninth window unit 1900 provided in this application. Fig.19 As shown, the window unit 1900 includes a substrate 1901, a beam splitter film 1902, an absorption type ND filter 1903, a polarization module 1904 and an anti-reflection film 1905. Fig.18 Compared with the window unit 1800 shown in FIG. 1 , the window unit 1900 has an anti-reflection film 1905. The anti-reflection film 1905 is disposed on the surface of the polarization module 1904 to eliminate stray light. Fig.18 For the description of the corresponding parts in the above embodiment, the anti-reflection film 1905 can refer to the description in the above embodiment, for example Fig.13 The description of the anti-reflection film 1306 is not repeated here.

[0138] It is understandable that the anti-reflection film 1905 can be disposed on the surface of the absorptive ND filter 1903 by processes such as PVD, CVD, ALD, sputtering or wet coating.

[0139] It is understandable that Fig.19 The window unit 1900 shown, the external absorption rate A of the window unit 1900 EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Also meets: A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Also meets: R EXT ≤R INT .

[0140] Fig. 20 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the tenth window unit 2000 provided in this application. Fig. 20 As shown, the window unit 2000 includes a substrate 2001, a beam splitter film 2002 and a polarization module 2003. The substrate 2001 and the beam splitter film 2002 can be respectively referred to Figure 3 For the description of the corresponding part in the polarization module 2003, please refer to Fig.10 The description of the corresponding parts in will not be repeated here.

[0141] Optionally, the polarization module 2003 is bonded to the second surface 20012 of the substrate 2001 by optically transparent adhesive.

[0142] It is understandable that in some embodiments, when the diaphragm 2002 is disposed outside the second surface 20012 of the substrate 2001 , the polarization module 2003 and the second surface 20012 of the substrate 2001 are adhered together through the diaphragm 2002 and the second surface 20012 of the substrate 2001 .

[0143] It is understandable that Fig. 20 The window unit 2000 shown, the external absorption rate A of the window unit 2000 EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Also meets: A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Also meets: R EXT ≤R INT .

[0144] Fig.21 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the ninth window unit 2100 provided in this application. Fig.21As shown, the window unit 2100 includes a substrate 2101, a beam splitter film 2102, a polarization module 2103 and an anti-reflection film 2104. Fig. 20 Compared with the window unit 2000 shown in FIG. 1 , the window unit 2100 has an anti-reflection film 2104. The anti-reflection film 2104 is disposed on the surface of the polarization module 2103 to eliminate stray light. Fig. 20 For the description of the corresponding part, the anti-reflection film 2104 can refer to Fig.13 The description of the corresponding parts in will not be repeated here.

[0145] It is understandable that the anti-reflection film 2104 can be disposed on the surface of the polarization module 2103 by processes such as PVD, CVD, ALD, sputtering or wet coating.

[0146] It is understandable that Fig.21 The window unit 2100 shown, the external absorption rate A of the window unit 2100 EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Also meets: A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Also meets: R EXT ≤R INT .

[0147] Fig. 22 FIG. 2 is a possible side structural perspective view of a display device 30 applicable to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 22 As shown, the display device 30 includes an image generating unit 310, a window unit 320, an image magnifying unit 330 and a first housing 340. The window unit 320 is any one of the above embodiments, for example Fig.13The window unit 1300 in the embodiment of the present invention includes an outer surface 321 and an inner surface 322. One end of the first shell 340 is connected to the upper edge of the window unit 320, and the other end of the first shell 340 is connected to the lower edge of the window unit 320, so that the first shell 340 and the window unit 320 form a closed cavity, the image generating unit 310 and the image magnifying unit 330 are arranged in the cavity, and the inner surface 322 of the window unit 320 is located in the cavity. Specifically, when the display device 30 is working (which can be considered as a process of generating an image), the image generating unit 310 emits imaging light to the inner surface 322 of the window unit 320. After being reflected by the inner surface 322 of the window unit 320, the imaging light is transmitted to the surface of the image magnifying unit 330, and after being reflected by the image magnifying unit 330, it reaches the inner surface 322 of the window unit 320 again, and transmits the inner surface 322 of the window unit 320, and is emitted from the outer surface 321 of the window unit 320. When a user views an image through the outer surface 321 of the window unit 320, the image light emitted from the outer surface 321 of the window unit 320 enters the human eye, so that the human eye can see a virtual image located at the image plane.

[0148] Optionally, the display device also includes a second shell, which is fixed to the outer surface 321 of the window unit 320 by gluing or screwing. Electronic components, such as buttons, indicator lights, microphones, etc., can also be set on the second shell to realize different functions of the display device 30.

[0149] It should be noted that the first housing 340 may be a complete housing. Alternatively, the first housing 340 may be formed by connecting a plurality of partial housings, for example, connected together by decorative strips.

[0150] Optionally, the image generation unit 310 can adopt a liquid crystal display (LCD) display, a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) display, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display, a micro light-emitting diode (Micro-LED) display, a display using miniLED display technology, a digital light processing (DLP) display or a micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) display, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0151] Optionally, the image magnification unit 330 is a free-form surface mirror, or a non-free-form surface mirror, such as a spherical mirror, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0152] It should be noted that Fig. 22 This is only an example of a display device applicable to the display system embodiment of the present application, that is, the structure of the display device 30 applicable to the embodiment of the present application is not limited to Fig. 22 In other embodiments, the image generation unit 310 in the display device 30 may be arranged at other positions, or the image magnification unit 330 may be arranged at other positions, that is, the relative position relationship between the image generation unit 310, the window unit 320 and the image magnification unit 330 is not limited in this application.

[0153] Fig.23 This is a circuit diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.23 As shown, the circuit in the display device mainly includes a host CPU 1201, an external memory interface 1202, an internal memory 1203, an audio module 1204, a video module 1205, a power module 1206, a wireless communication module 1207, an I / O interface 1208, a video interface 1209, a display circuit 1210 and a modulator 1212. Among them, the host processor 1201 and its peripheral components, such as the external memory interface 1202, the internal memory 1203, the audio module 1204, the video module 1205, the power module 1206, the wireless communication module 1207, the I / O interface 1208, the video interface 1209, and the display circuit 1210 can be connected through a bus. The host processor 1201 can be called a front-end processor.

[0154] In addition, the circuit diagrams shown in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute a specific limitation on the display device. In other embodiments of the present application, the display device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or arrange the components differently. The components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0155] The main processor 1201 includes one or more processing units, for example, the main processor 1201 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural network processor (NPU), etc. Different processing units may be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors.

[0156] The main processor 1201 may also be provided with a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the main processor 1201 is a cache memory. The memory may store instructions or data that the main processor 1201 has just used or cyclically used. If the main processor 1201 needs to use the instruction or data again, it may be directly called from the memory. This avoids repeated access, reduces the waiting time of the main processor 1201, and thus improves the efficiency of the system.

[0157] In some embodiments, the display device may further include a plurality of input / output (I / O) interfaces 1208 connected to the main processor 1201. The interface 1208 may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface, etc. The above-mentioned I / O interface 1208 may be connected to devices such as a mouse, a touchpad, a keyboard, a camera, a speaker / speaker, a microphone, etc., and may also be connected to physical buttons on the display device (such as a volume button, a brightness adjustment button, a power button, etc.).

[0158] The external memory interface 1202 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the display device. The external memory card communicates with the main processor 1201 through the external memory interface 1202 to implement a data storage function.

[0159] The internal memory 1203 can be used to store computer executable program codes, which include instructions. The internal memory 1203 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a call function, a time setting function, etc.), etc. The data storage area may store data created during the use of the display device (such as a phone book, world time, etc.), etc. In addition, the internal memory 1203 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (Universal Flash Storage, UFS), etc. The main processor 1201 executes various functional applications and data processing of the display device by running instructions stored in the internal memory 1203 and / or instructions stored in a memory provided in the main processor 1201.

[0160] The display device can implement audio functions such as music playing and calls through the audio module 1204 and the application processor.

[0161] The audio module 1204 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and is also used to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. The audio module 1204 can also be used to encode and decode audio signals, such as playing or recording. In some embodiments, the audio module 1204 can be arranged in the main processor 1201, or some functional modules of the audio module 1204 can be arranged in the main processor 1201.

[0162] The video interface 1209 can receive external audio and video signals, which can be specifically a high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a digital video interface (DVI), a video graphics array (VGA), a display port (DP), etc. The video interface 1209 can also output video to the outside. When the display device is used as a vehicle display, the video interface 1209 can receive speed signals and power signals input from peripheral devices, and can also receive external VR video signals. When the display device is in use, the video interface 1209 can receive video signals input from an external computer or terminal device.

[0163] The video module 1205 can decode the video input by the video interface 1209, for example, by performing H.264 decoding. The video module can also encode the video collected by the display device, for example, by performing H.264 encoding on the video collected by the external camera. In addition, the main processor 1201 can also decode the video input by the video interface 1209, and then output the decoded image signal to the display circuit 1210.

[0164] The display circuit 1210 and the modulator 1212 are used to display the corresponding image. In this embodiment, the video interface 1209 receives an external video source signal, and the video module 1205 decodes and / or digitally processes and outputs one or more image signals to the display circuit 1210. The display circuit 1210 drives the modulator 1212 to image the incident polarized light according to the input image signal, and then outputs the image light. In addition, the main processor 1201 can also output one or more image signals to the display circuit 1210.

[0165] In this embodiment, the display circuit 1210 and the modulator 1212 are electronic components in the above-mentioned image generating unit, and the display circuit 1210 can be called a driving circuit.

[0166] The power module 1206 is used to provide power to the main processor 1201 and the light source 1200 according to the input power (e.g., direct current), and the power module 1206 may include a rechargeable battery, which can provide power to the main processor 1201 and the light source 1200. The light emitted by the light source 1200 can be transmitted to the modulator 1212 for imaging, thereby forming an image light signal.

[0167] The wireless communication module 1207 enables the display device to communicate wirelessly with the outside world, and can provide wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication technology (NFC), infrared technology (IR) and other wireless communication solutions. The wireless communication module 1207 can be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 1207 receives electromagnetic waves via an antenna, modulates the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal and performs filtering processing, and sends the processed signal to the main processor 1201. The wireless communication module 1207 can also receive the signal to be sent from the main processor 1201, modulate the frequency of the signal, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna.

[0168] In addition, in addition to being input through the video interface 1209, the video data decoded by the video module 1205 can also be wirelessly received through the wireless communication module 1207 or read from an external memory. For example, the display device can receive video data from a terminal device or an in-vehicle entertainment system through the wireless LAN in the vehicle, and the display device can also read audio and video data stored in an external memory.

[0169] The above display device can be installed on a vehicle, see Fig.24 , Fig.24 A schematic diagram of a possible functional framework of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0170] like Fig.24 As shown, the functional framework of the vehicle may include various subsystems, such as the sensor system 12, the control system 14, one or more peripheral devices 16 (one is shown as an example), the power supply 18, the computer system 20 and the vehicle display system 22. Optionally, the vehicle may also include other functional systems, such as an engine system that provides power for the vehicle, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0171] The sensor system 12 may include a number of detection devices, which can sense the measured information and convert the sensed information into electrical signals or other required forms of information output according to a certain rule. As shown in the figure, these detection devices may include a global positioning system (GPS), a vehicle speed sensor, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a radar unit, a laser rangefinder, a camera device, a wheel speed sensor, a steering sensor, a gear position sensor, or other components for automatic detection, etc., and the present application does not limit them.

[0172] The control system 14 may include several components, such as the steering unit, brake unit, lighting system, automatic driving system, map navigation system, network timing system and obstacle avoidance system shown in the figure. Optionally, the control system 14 may also include components such as a throttle controller and an engine controller for controlling the vehicle's speed, which are not limited in this application.

[0173] The peripheral device 16 may include several components, such as the communication system, touch screen, user interface, microphone, and speaker shown in the figure. The communication system is used to realize network communication between the vehicle and other devices other than the vehicle. In practical applications, the communication system may use wireless communication technology or wired communication technology to realize network communication between the vehicle and other devices. The wired communication technology may refer to communication between the vehicle and other devices through network cables or optical fibers.

[0174] The power source 18 represents a system that provides power or energy for the vehicle, which may include but is not limited to a rechargeable lithium battery or a lead-acid battery, etc. In practical applications, one or more battery components in the power source are used to provide power or energy for starting the vehicle, and the type and material of the power source are not limited in this application.

[0175] Several functions of the vehicle are controlled and implemented by the computer system 20. The computer system 20 may include one or more processors 2001 (one processor is shown as an example in the figure) and a memory 2002 (also referred to as a storage device). In actual applications, the memory 2002 is also inside the computer system 20, or it may be outside the computer system 20, for example, as a cache in the vehicle, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0176] in,

[0177] The processor 2001 may include one or more general-purpose processors, such as a graphics processing unit (GPU). The processor 2001 may be used to run related programs or instructions corresponding to the programs stored in the memory 2002 to implement corresponding functions of the vehicle.

[0178] The memory 2002 may include a volatile memory, such as a RAM; the memory may also include a non-volatile memory, such as a ROM, a flash memory, a HDD or a solid-state drive SSD; the memory 2002 may also include a combination of the above-mentioned types of memories. The memory 2002 may be used to store a set of program codes or instructions corresponding to the program codes, so that the processor 2001 calls the program codes or instructions stored in the memory 2002 to implement the corresponding functions of the vehicle. In the present application, a set of program codes for vehicle control may be stored in the memory 2002, and the processor 2001 calls the program codes to control the safe driving of the vehicle. How to achieve safe driving of the vehicle is described in detail below in the present application.

[0179] Optionally, in addition to storing program codes or instructions, the memory 2002 may also store information such as road maps, driving routes, sensor data, etc. The computer system 20 may be combined with other elements in the vehicle functional framework diagram, such as sensors in the sensor system, GPS, etc., to implement relevant functions of the vehicle. For example, the computer system 20 may control the driving direction or driving speed of the vehicle based on the data input from the sensor system 12, which is not limited in this application.

[0180] The vehicle display system 22 may include several components, such as a controller and a vehicle display. The controller 222 is used to generate an image (such as an image of VR content) according to user instructions, and send the image to the vehicle display for display; the vehicle display may include an image generation unit, a window unit and an image magnification unit, and passengers can view the target image presented by the vehicle display through the window unit. Among them, the functions of some components in the vehicle display system can also be implemented by other subsystems of the vehicle. For example, the controller can also be a component in the control system.

[0181] Among them, this application Fig.24 The four subsystems shown are sensor system 12, control system 14, computer system 20 and vehicle display system 22, which are only examples and not limiting. In practical applications, vehicles can combine several components in the vehicle according to different functions to obtain subsystems with corresponding different functions. In practical applications, vehicles can include more or fewer systems or components, which is not limited in this application.

[0182] The above-mentioned means of transportation may be a car, a truck, a bus, a ship, an airplane, a helicopter, an amusement vehicle, a train, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not make any particular limitation.

[0183] Fig.25A schematic functional block diagram of a mobile carrier 25 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The mobile carrier 25 may include a perception system 120, a display device 130, and a computing platform 150, wherein the perception system 120 may include one or more sensors for sensing information about the environment around the mobile carrier 25. For example, the perception system 120 may include a positioning system, and the positioning system may be a global positioning system (GPS), or a Beidou system or other positioning systems, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a laser radar, a millimeter wave radar, an ultrasonic radar, and a camera device. One or more.

[0184] Some or all functions of the mobile carrier 25 may be controlled by the computing platform 150. The computing platform 150 may include one or more processors, such as processors 151 to 15n (n is a positive integer). The processor is a circuit with signal processing capability. In one implementation, the processor may be a circuit with instruction reading and execution capability, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor may implement certain functions through the logical relationship of a hardware circuit, and the logical relationship of the hardware circuit is fixed or reconfigurable, such as a hardware circuit implemented by a processor as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA). In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document to implement the hardware circuit configuration can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units. In addition, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), a deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc. In addition, the computing platform 150 can also include a memory, the memory is used to store instructions, and some or all of the processors 151 to 15n can call the instructions in the memory and execute the instructions to achieve the corresponding functions. Among them, the display device 130 in the cockpit is a display device suitable for the embodiment of the present application, such as the display device 300 in the above embodiment.

[0185] The mobile carrier in the present application may include a road vehicle, a water vehicle, an air vehicle, or an entertainment device, etc. For example, the mobile carrier may be a vehicle, which is a vehicle in a broad sense, and may be a vehicle (such as a commercial vehicle, a passenger car, a train, etc.), an amusement device, a toy vehicle, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the type of vehicle. For another example, the mobile carrier may be a vehicle such as an airplane or a ship.

[0186] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A window unit, characterized in that: It includes a beam splitter film, a substrate and a first medium, The diaphragm is used to reflect a first image light and transmit a second image light, the second image light is generated based on the first image light, the second image light is transmitted from the first surface of the substrate to the second surface of the substrate, the first surface and the second surface are opposite to each other; The first medium is used to absorb stray light, and the stray light is transmitted from the second surface to the first surface; The first medium includes at least one layer of optical film made of metal material, and the optical film is arranged on the surface of the beam splitter film or inside the beam splitter film; The film system composed of the first medium and the beam splitting film includes a first part and a second part, the first part is close to the substrate, the second part is far away from the substrate, and the thickness of the high refractive index film system included in the first part is smaller than the thickness of the high refractive index film system included in the second part; The external absorption rate A of the window unit EXT and internal absorption rate A INT Satisfaction: A EXT ≥A INT , the external reflectivity R of the window unit EXT and internal reflectivity R INT Satisfaction: R EXT ≤R INT , where the external absorption rate A EXT is the absorptivity of the window unit to the stray light, and the internal absorptivity A INT is the absorptivity of the window unit to the second image light, and the external reflectivity R EXT is the reflectivity of the window unit to the stray light, and the internal reflectivity R INT is the reflectivity of the window unit to the first image light.

2. The window unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the optical film is metal chromium Cr or metal titanium Ti.

3. The window unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external absorption rate A EXT The range meets: 40% ≤ A EXT ≤95%, the internal reflectivity R INT The range meets: 10% ≤ R INT ≤60%.

4. The window unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The window unit further includes a neutral density ND filter, which is disposed outside the first surface and / or the second surface, and is used to absorb the stray light.

5. The window unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The external absorption rate A EXT The range meets: 45% ≤ A EXT ≤99%, the internal reflectivity R INT The range meets: 10% ≤ R INT ≤60%.

6. The window unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The window unit further includes a polarization module, which includes a plurality of polarization elements. The polarization module is disposed outside the second surface and is used to absorb the stray light.

7. The window unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The external absorption rate A EXT The range meets: 60% ≤ A EXT ≤99%, the internal reflectivity R INT The range meets: 10% ≤ R INT ≤60%.

8. The window unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The reflectivity of the window unit to the stray light is less than 4%.

9. A display device, characterized in that: include: An image generating unit, an image magnifying unit and a window unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The image generating unit is configured to emit the first image light toward the window unit; The window unit is also used for human eyes to view the virtual image formed by the second image light through the window unit; The image magnifying unit generates the second image light based on reflection of the first image light from the window unit.

10. A cockpit system, characterized in that: The invention comprises the display device as claimed in claim 9.

11. A means of transport, characterized in that: It comprises the display device as described in claim 9 or the cockpit system as described in claim 10.

12. The vehicle according to claim 11, characterized in that: The display device is arranged at least one of a headrest of a seat of the vehicle, a seat back of a seat of the vehicle, and a dashboard of the vehicle.

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