A deep surface soil sampling device and sampling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep surface soil sampling device and a sampling method, and specifically relates to the technical field of soil sampling, comprising a device base, a deep soil mechanism is provided in the middle of the device base, a lifting mechanism is provided between the device base and the deep soil mechanism, a soil covering mechanism used in conjunction with the deep soil mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting mechanism, a sampling mechanism used in conjunction with the deep soil mechanism is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the device base, and a shifting mechanism is fixedly installed on both ends of the device base; the deep soil mechanism comprises an inner sliding sleeve. The invention controls a deep soil pipe to rotate and descend into the deep surface layer of soil by arranging a deep soil mechanism and a lifting mechanism, and using the sampling mechanism in conjunction with the deep soil mechanism, wherein the deep soil pipe contains sampling soil of the deep surface layer, and the deep soil pipe is moved upward to take out the sample soil of the deep surface layer, and there is no need to manually dig a pit, and soil sampling is performed on different layers of the deep surface soil, thereby improving the efficiency of soil sampling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, in particular to a deep surface soil sampling device and a sampling method. Background Art

[0002] In order to understand the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil, as well as the possible soil pollution, it is necessary to test the soil. During the test, it is necessary to sample the deep surface soil. Sampling the deep surface soil is a necessary step to understand the overall properties of the soil, evaluate the soil quality, monitor soil pollution, etc. It is of great significance for reasonable fertilization, scientific planting, environmental protection, etc.

[0003] In the prior art, deep surface soil sampling is mostly carried out by manually digging pits with tools, manually sampling layer by layer on the cross-section of the pit, and storing the samples one by one in separate sample boxes. This method of manually digging pits and sampling leads to low sampling efficiency and the pits need to be backfilled later. To this end, we propose a deep surface soil sampling device and sampling method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a deep surface soil sampling device and a sampling method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a deep surface soil sampling device, comprising a device base frame, a deep soil mechanism is provided in the middle of the device base frame, a lifting mechanism is provided between the device base frame and the deep soil mechanism, a covering mechanism used in conjunction with the deep soil mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting mechanism, a sampling mechanism used in conjunction with the deep soil mechanism is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the device base frame, and a shifting mechanism is fixedly installed at both ends of the device base frame;

[0006] The deep soil mechanism includes an inner sliding sleeve, which is rotatably installed in the middle part of the device base frame. A deep soil pipe is slidably clamped in the middle part of the inner sliding sleeve. A plurality of first sampling grooves distributed vertically are provided on one side of the deep soil pipe. A soil cutting knife is provided at the bottom end of the deep soil pipe. The soil cutting knife is a semicircular ring structure. The center position of the soil cutting knife corresponds to the axial position of the deep soil pipe. A plurality of evenly distributed soil breaking protrusions are provided at the bottom of the soil cutting knife. A long shaft is vertically installed at one end of the soil cutting knife. The long shaft is rotatably clamped on one side of the deep soil pipe. The top of the long shaft extends out of the top of the deep soil pipe.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting cross frame, a bearing is fixedly clamped in the middle of the lifting cross frame, the top of the deep soil pipe is fixedly clamped in the middle of the bearing, lifting screws are threadedly installed on both ends of the lifting cross frame, the bottom of the lifting screws is rotatably installed on the two ends of the device base frame, the bottom of the lifting screws extends out of the bottom end of the device base frame, the bottom of the lifting screws is fixedly installed with a first sprocket, and the outer sides of the two first sprockets are meshedly connected with a first chain.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sampling mechanism includes a sampling frame, which is fixedly installed on the middle part of one side of the device base frame, a first telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed on the sampling frame, a first longitudinal frame is fixedly installed on the driving end of the first telescopic cylinder, a plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes corresponding to the positions of the first sampling slots are rotatably installed on the first longitudinal frame, a second sampling slot is provided in the middle of the sampling auxiliary tubes, a second sprocket is fixedly installed on one end of the sampling auxiliary tube close to the sampling frame, a second chain is meshedly connected to the outer sides of the plurality of second sprockets, a second telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed in the middle part of the sampling frame, a second longitudinal frame is fixedly installed on the driving end of the second telescopic cylinder, a plurality of bulldozer rods corresponding to the sampling auxiliary tubes are fixedly installed on the second longitudinal frame, and an end of the bulldozer rod away from the second longitudinal frame is movably clamped in the corresponding sampling auxiliary tube.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the soil covering mechanism includes a soil covering bracket, the soil covering bracket is fixedly mounted on the middle part of the top end of the lifting cross frame, the middle part of the soil covering bracket is slidably inserted with a lifting column, and a bulldozer is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the lifting column, and the bulldozer can be movably connected in the deep soil pipe, and a fourth gear is movably mounted on one side of the middle part of the soil covering bracket, a driving shaft is fixedly mounted on the middle part of the fourth gear, and the driving shaft is rotatably mounted on the soil covering bracket, and a fourth rack corresponding to the fourth gear is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the lifting column, and the fourth gear and the fourth rack are meshed and connected, one end of the driving shaft is fixedly mounted with a worm gear, and the bottom of the worm gear is meshed and connected with a worm, and the worm is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the soil covering bracket, and a fourth motor is fixedly mounted on a side of the outer wall of the soil covering bracket close to the worm gear, and the driving end of the fourth motor and one end of the worm gear are fixedly mounted.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an auxiliary frame is fixedly installed on the side of the top of the deep soil pipe close to the long axis, the top of the long axis extends out of the top of the auxiliary frame, and the auxiliary shaft is rotatably installed on the end of the auxiliary frame away from the long axis, a transmission gear is fixedly installed on the top of the auxiliary shaft, a driving gear is fixedly installed on the top of the long axis, and the transmission gear and the driving gear are meshingly connected, an arc ring is provided on the side of the top of the device base frame close to the transmission gear, the center position of the arc ring corresponds to the axial position of the deep soil pipe, connecting frames are fixedly installed on both ends of the arc ring, and the connecting frames are fixedly installed on the top of the device base frame, and a tooth groove used in conjunction with the transmission gear is opened on the inner side of the arc ring, and the outer side of the transmission gear can be meshed and connected with the tooth groove.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the outer fixed sleeve of the inner sliding sleeve is provided with a first crown gear, a first motor is fixedly installed on the side of the top of the device base frame close to the first crown gear, a first gear is fixedly installed on the driving end of the first motor, and the first gear is meshingly connected with the first crown gear.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a second crown gear is fixedly installed at the bottom of one of the lifting screws, a second motor is fixedly installed on the side of the top of the device base frame close to the second crown gear, a second gear is fixedly installed at the driving end of the second motor, and the second gear is meshingly connected with the second crown gear.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a third crown gear is fixedly installed on one end of one of the sampling auxiliary tubes close to the sampling rack, a third motor is fixedly installed on one side of the first vertical frame close to the third crown gear, a third gear is fixedly installed on the driving end of the third motor, and the third gear is meshingly connected with the third crown gear.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the moving mechanism includes a moving bracket, which is fixedly installed at the end of the device base frame, and universal wheels are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom end of the moving bracket. A fixing bolt is threaded in the middle of the moving bracket, and a rotating wheel is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing bolt.

[0015] A sampling method of a deep surface soil sampling device comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Use the universal wheel to move the entire deep surface soil sampling device to the soil sampling position, then rotate the rotating wheel to drive the fixing bolt to rotate, and insert the fixing bolt into the soil to fix the entire deep surface soil sampling device;

[0017] The second step is to control the first motor to start and drive the first gear to drive the first crown gear to rotate, thereby driving the inner sliding sleeve to rotate, and then controlling the deep soil pipe and the soil cutting knife to rotate, and cooperating with the soil breaking of multiple soil breaking convexities, and at the same time controlling the second motor to start and drive the second gear to drive the second crown gear to rotate, and cooperating with the transmission of the two first sprocket wheels and the first chain, driving the two lifting screws to rotate synchronously, and then controlling the lifting cross frame to drive the deep soil pipe to descend, so that the deep soil pipe rotates and descends into the deep surface layer of the soil, and the deep soil pipe contains the sample soil of the deep surface layer until it descends to the lowest position. At this time, the transmission gear and the arc ring position correspond horizontally, and then, the deep soil pipe is controlled to rotate slowly again, driving the auxiliary frame, the auxiliary shaft, and the transmission gear to rotate slowly, the transmission gear and the tooth groove are meshed and connected, and the tooth groove drives the transmission gear to drive the driving gear and the long shaft to rotate, thereby driving the bottom soil cutting knife to rotate, and the soil cutting knife separates the sample soil in the deep soil pipe and the deep surface soil, and the soil cutting knife is reset to the bottom end of the deep soil pipe, which is convenient for taking out the sample soil in the deep soil pipe;

[0018] Step 3: Control the second motor to start and drive the second gear to drive the second crown gear to rotate in the opposite direction, cooperate with the transmission of the two first sprockets and the first chain, drive the two lifting screws to rotate in the opposite direction synchronously, and then control the lifting cross frame to drive the deep soil pipe to move upward, move the deep soil pipe and the deep surface soil in the deep soil pipe to the top of the device bottom frame, and take out the deep surface soil;

[0019] Step 4, after taking out the deep surface soil, control the third motor to start and drive the third gear to drive the third crown gear to rotate, cooperate with the control to start the first telescopic cylinder to drive the first vertical frame and multiple sampling auxiliary tubes to move horizontally, rotate the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes and insert them into the first sampling slot, and put the soil samples of different layers in the deep soil pipe into the corresponding sampling auxiliary tubes. Then, control the first telescopic cylinder to start again to drive the first vertical frame and multiple sampling auxiliary tubes to move horizontally, and multiple sampling auxiliary tubes take out the first sampling slot, so that soil samples of different layers of the deep soil pipe are automatically taken out through the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes. After the soil samples of different layers are taken out, use multiple sampling tubes to insert them into the corresponding second sampling slots, and store the samples in the second sampling slots separately;

[0020] Step 5: After the samples are stored separately, the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes are inserted into the first sampling slot again, and the second telescopic cylinder is controlled to drive the second vertical frame and the multiple push rods to move horizontally, and the soil samples remaining in the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes are pushed into the deep soil tube by the multiple push rods, and the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes are pulled out at the same time;

[0021] Step six, after the remaining soil samples in multiple sampling auxiliary tubes are pushed into the deep soil tube, the deep soil tube is controlled to descend deep into the soil, and the fourth motor is controlled to start to drive the worm to drive the worm wheel and the drive shaft to rotate, thereby driving the fourth gear to control the fourth rack and the lifting column to descend, and then the bulldozer disc is controlled to descend. The bulldozer disc is movably connected in the deep soil tube, and the bulldozer disc pushes the remaining soil samples in the deep soil tube into the soil for automatic backfilling.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. By setting up a deep soil mechanism and a lifting mechanism, and using a sampling mechanism in conjunction, the deep soil pipe is controlled to rotate and descend into the deep surface layer of the soil. The deep soil pipe contains sampling soil from the deep surface layer, and the deep soil pipe is moved upward to take out the sample soil from the deep surface layer. There is no need to dig pits manually, and soil sampling can be performed on different layers of the deep surface soil, thereby improving the efficiency of soil sampling.

[0024] 2. By setting up a sampling mechanism and using a soil covering mechanism, after the sampling is completed, the remaining soil samples can be pushed into the deep surface soil for automatic backfilling, thereby improving the overall sampling effect of the deep surface soil.

[0025] 3. By setting up the soil cutting knife, on the one hand, it is convenient for the deep soil pipe to rotate and descend into the deep surface layer of the soil. On the other hand, the soil cutting knife can separate the sample soil in the deep soil pipe from the deep surface soil. The soil cutting knife is reset to the bottom end of the deep soil pipe to facilitate the removal of the sample soil in the deep soil pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of the base frame and deep soil mechanism of the device in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inner sliding sleeve and the deep soil pipe in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil cutting knife in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the deep soil mechanism and the lifting mechanism in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sampling mechanism in the present invention.

[0036] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0037] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil covering mechanism in the present invention.

[0038] Fig.12 For the present invention Fig.11 Enlarged view of point E in the middle.

[0039] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shifting mechanism in the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1, device chassis; 2, deep soil mechanism; 3, lifting mechanism; 4, soil covering mechanism; 5, sampling mechanism; 6, shifting mechanism; 7, auxiliary frame; 71, auxiliary shaft; 72, transmission gear; 73, driving gear; 74, arc ring; 741, tooth groove; 742, connecting frame; 21, inner sliding sleeve; 22, deep soil pipe; 201, first sampling groove; 23, soil cutting knife; 231, long shaft; 232, soil breaking cam; 24, first crown gear; 241, first motor; 242, first gear; 31, lifting cross frame; 311, bearing; 32, lifting screw; 33, first sprocket; 331, first chain; 34, second crown gear; 341, The second motor; 342, the second gear; 51, the sampling frame; 52, the first telescopic cylinder; 53, the first vertical frame; 54, the sampling auxiliary tube; 541, the second sampling slot; 55, the second sprocket; 551, the second chain; 56, the third crown gear; 561, the third motor; 562, the third gear; 57, the second telescopic cylinder; 571, the second vertical frame; 572, the bulldozer rod; 41, the soil covering bracket; 42, the lifting column; 43, the bulldozer disc; 44, the fourth gear; 441, the driving shaft; 442, the fourth rack; 45, the worm wheel; 451, the worm; 452, the fourth motor; 61, the movable bracket; 62, the universal wheel; 63, the fixing bolt; 64, the rotating wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example: Figure 1-13 As shown, the present invention provides a deep surface soil sampling device, including a device base frame 1, a deep soil mechanism 2 is provided in the middle of the device base frame 1, a lifting mechanism 3 is provided between the device base frame 1 and the deep soil mechanism 2, a covering mechanism 4 used in conjunction with the deep soil mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting mechanism 3, a sampling mechanism 5 used in conjunction with the deep soil mechanism 2 is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the device base frame 1, and a shifting mechanism 6 is fixedly installed at both ends of the device base frame 1;

[0043] The moving mechanism 6 includes a moving bracket 61, which is fixedly installed at the end of the device base frame 1. Universal wheels 62 are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom end of the moving bracket 61. A fixing bolt 63 is threaded in the middle of the moving bracket 61, and a rotating wheel 64 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing bolt 63. When in use, the entire deep surface soil sampling device is moved to the soil sampling position by using the universal wheel 62. Then, the rotating wheel 64 is rotated to drive the fixing bolt 63 to rotate, and the fixing bolt 63 is inserted into the soil to fix the entire deep surface soil sampling device.

[0044] The deep soil mechanism 2 includes an inner sliding sleeve 21, which is rotatably installed in the middle of the device base frame 1. A deep soil pipe 22 is slidably provided in the middle of the inner sliding sleeve 21. The deep soil pipe 22 is convenient for lifting and lowering in the middle of the inner sliding sleeve 21, and the deep soil pipe 22 is driven to rotate by controlling the rotation of the inner sliding sleeve 21. A plurality of vertically distributed first sampling grooves 201 are provided on one side of the deep soil pipe 22. A soil cutting knife 23 is provided at the bottom end of the deep soil pipe 22. The soil cutting knife 23 is in a semicircular ring structure. The center position of the soil cutting knife 23 corresponds to the axis position of the deep soil pipe 22. A plurality of evenly distributed soil breaking protrusions 232 are provided at the bottom of the soil cutting knife 23. A long shaft 231 is vertically installed at one end of the soil cutting knife 23. The long shaft 231 rotates It is clamped on one side of the deep soil pipe 22, and the top of the long shaft 231 extends out of the top of the deep soil pipe 22; the outer side of the inner sliding sleeve 21 is fixedly sleeved with a first crown gear 24, and a first motor 241 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the device base frame 1 close to the first crown gear 24, and a first gear 242 is fixedly installed on the driving end of the first motor 241. The first gear 242 and the first crown gear 24 are meshingly connected. When in use, the first motor 241 is controlled to start and drive the first gear 242 to drive the first crown gear 24 to rotate, thereby driving the inner sliding sleeve 21 to rotate, and then controlling the deep soil pipe 22 and the soil cutting knife 23 to rotate, and cooperating with a plurality of soil breaking protrusions 232, it is convenient for the deep soil pipe 22 to descend into the deep surface layer of the soil.

[0045] The lifting mechanism 3 includes a lifting cross frame 31, a bearing 311 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the lifting cross frame 31, and the top of the deep soil pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bearing 311. The two ends of the lifting cross frame 31 are threadedly installed with lifting screws 32. The bottom of the lifting screw 32 is rotatably installed at the two ends of the device base frame 1. The bottom of the lifting screw 32 extends out of the bottom of the device base frame 1. The bottom of the lifting screw 32 is fixedly installed with a first sprocket wheel 33, and the outer sides of the two first sprocket wheels 33 are meshed with a first chain 331; a second crown gear 34 is fixedly installed at the bottom of one of the lifting screws 32, and a second motor 341 is fixedly installed on the side of the top of the device base frame 1 close to the second crown gear 34, and a second gear 342 is fixedly installed on the driving end of the second motor 341. The second gear 342 is meshed with the second crown gear 34. When in use, the second gear 342 is controlled to open the second crown gear 34. The motor 341 drives the second gear 342 to drive the second crown gear 34 to rotate, and cooperates with the transmission of the two first sprocket wheels 33 and the first chain 331 to drive the two lifting screws 32 to rotate synchronously, thereby controlling the lifting cross frame 31 to drive the deep soil pipe 22 to descend, so that the deep soil pipe 22 rotates and descends into the deep surface layer of the soil, and the deep surface soil exists in the deep soil pipe 22. On the contrary, the second motor 341 is controlled to be turned on to drive the second gear 342 to drive the second crown gear 34 to rotate in the opposite direction, and cooperates with the transmission of the two first sprocket wheels 33 and the first chain 331 to drive the two lifting screws 32 to rotate in the opposite direction and synchronously, thereby controlling the lifting cross frame 31 to drive the deep soil pipe 22 to move up, and move the deep soil pipe 22 and the deep surface soil in the deep soil pipe 22 to the top of the device base frame 1, and take out the deep surface sample soil without manual digging, thereby improving the soil sampling efficiency.

[0046] The sampling mechanism 5 includes a sampling frame 51, which is fixedly installed on the middle part of one side of the device base frame 1. A first telescopic cylinder 52 is fixedly installed on the sampling frame 51, and a first vertical frame 53 is fixedly installed on the driving end of the first telescopic cylinder 52. A plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes 54 corresponding to the position of the first sampling slot 201 are rotatably installed on the first vertical frame 53. A second sampling slot 541 is provided in the middle of the sampling auxiliary tube 54. A second sprocket 55 is fixedly installed on one end of the sampling auxiliary tube 54 close to the sampling frame 51, and a second chain 551 is meshedly connected on the outer sides of the plurality of second sprockets 55; a third crown gear 56 is fixedly installed on one end of one of the sampling auxiliary tubes 54 close to the sampling frame 51, a third motor 561 is fixedly installed on one side of the first vertical frame 53 close to the third crown gear 56, a third gear 562 is fixedly installed on the driving end of the third motor 561, and the third gear 562 is meshedly connected with the third crown gear 56 After the deep surface soil is taken out, the third motor 561 is controlled to start to drive the third gear 562 to drive the third crown gear 56 to rotate, and the first telescopic cylinder 52 is controlled to start to drive the first vertical frame 53 and multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 to move horizontally, and the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 are rotated and inserted into the first sampling slot 201, and the soil samples of different layers in the deep soil pipe 22 are placed in the corresponding sampling auxiliary tubes 54. Subsequently, the first telescopic cylinder 52 is controlled to start again to drive the first vertical frame 53 and multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 to move horizontally, and the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 take out the first sampling slot 201, so that the soil samples of different layers of the deep soil pipe 22 are automatically taken out through the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54, thereby improving the sampling efficiency of the deep surface soil. After the soil samples of different layers are taken out, multiple sampling tubes are used to insert them into the corresponding second sampling slots 541, and the samples in the second sampling slots 541 are stored separately, which is convenient for the subsequent detection of soil samples;

[0047] A second telescopic cylinder 57 is fixedly installed in the middle of the sampling frame 51, and a second vertical frame 571 is fixedly installed on the driving end of the second telescopic cylinder 57. A plurality of pusher rods 572 corresponding to the sampling auxiliary tube 54 are fixedly installed on the second vertical frame 571. One end of the pusher rod 572 away from the second vertical frame 571 is movably connected to the corresponding sampling auxiliary tube 54. After the samples are stored separately, the plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes 54 are inserted into the first sampling groove 201 again, and the second telescopic cylinder 57 is controlled to start to drive the second vertical frame 571 and the plurality of pusher rods 572 to move horizontally. The remaining soil samples in the plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes 54 are pushed into the deep soil tube 22 through the plurality of pusher rods 572, which is convenient for the processing of the remaining soil samples, and the plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes 54 are pulled out at the same time.

[0048] The soil covering mechanism 4 includes a soil covering bracket 41, which is fixedly mounted on the middle part of the top of the lifting cross frame 31, a lifting column 42 is slidably inserted in the middle part of the soil covering bracket 41, a bulldozer 43 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the lifting column 42, and the bulldozer 43 can be movably connected in the deep soil pipe 22, a fourth gear 44 is movably mounted on one side of the middle part of the soil covering bracket 41, a driving shaft 441 is fixedly mounted on the middle part of the fourth gear 44, and the driving shaft 441 is rotatably mounted on the soil covering bracket 41, a fourth rack 442 corresponding to the fourth gear 44 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the lifting column 42, and the fourth gear 44 is meshingly connected with the fourth rack 442, a worm gear 45 is fixedly mounted on one end of the driving shaft 441, and a worm 451 is meshingly connected at the bottom of the worm gear 45, and the worm 451 rotates The fourth motor 452 is movably installed on the outside of the soil covering bracket 41, and a side of the outer wall of the soil covering bracket 41 close to the worm 451 is fixedly installed. The driving end of the fourth motor 452 and one end of the worm 451 are fixedly installed. After the remaining soil samples in the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 are pushed into the deep soil pipe 22, the deep soil pipe 22 is controlled to descend deeply into the soil, and the fourth motor 452 is controlled to start to drive the worm 451 to drive the worm wheel 45 and the driving shaft 441 to rotate, thereby driving the fourth gear 44 to control the fourth rack 442 and the lifting column 42 to descend, and then the bulldozer 43 is controlled to descend. The bulldozer 43 is movably connected in the deep soil pipe 22, and the bulldozer 43 pushes the remaining soil samples in the deep soil pipe 22 into the soil for automatic backfilling, thereby improving the overall sampling effect of the deep surface soil.

[0049] An auxiliary frame 7 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the deep soil pipe 22 close to the long shaft 231, and the top of the long shaft 231 extends out of the top of the auxiliary frame 7. An auxiliary shaft 71 is rotatably installed on one end of the auxiliary frame 7 away from the long shaft 231. A transmission gear 72 is fixedly installed on the top of the auxiliary shaft 71, and a driving gear 73 is fixedly installed on the top of the long shaft 231. The transmission gear 72 and the driving gear 73 are meshed and connected. An arc ring 74 is provided on one side of the top of the device base frame 1 close to the transmission gear 72. The center position of the arc ring 74 corresponds to the axial position of the deep soil pipe 22. Connecting frames 742 are fixedly installed at both ends of the arc ring 74. The connecting frame 742 is fixedly installed on the top of the device base frame 1, and a gear for use with the transmission gear 72 is provided on the inner side of the arc ring 74. The outer side of the transmission gear 72 can be meshed and connected with the tooth groove 741. When the deep soil pipe 22 descends into the deep surface layer of the soil, until it descends to the lowest position, at this time, the transmission gear 72 and the arc ring 74 are horizontally corresponding. Then, the deep soil pipe 22 is controlled to rotate slowly again, driving the auxiliary frame 7, the auxiliary shaft 71, and the transmission gear 72 to rotate slowly. The transmission gear 72 and the tooth groove 741 are meshed and connected. The tooth groove 741 drives the transmission gear 72 to drive the driving gear 73 and the long shaft 231 to rotate, thereby driving the bottom soil cutting knife 23 to rotate. The soil cutting knife 23 separates the sample soil and the deep surface soil in the deep soil pipe 22, and the soil cutting knife 23 is reset to the bottom end of the deep soil pipe 22, so as to facilitate the removal of the sample soil in the deep soil pipe 22.

[0050] A sampling method of a deep surface soil sampling device comprises the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Use the universal wheel 62 to move the entire deep surface soil sampling device to the soil sampling position, then rotate the rotating wheel 64 to drive the fixing bolt 63 to rotate, and insert the fixing bolt 63 into the soil to fix the entire deep surface soil sampling device;

[0052] Step 2: Control the first motor 241 to start, drive the first gear 242 to drive the first crown gear 24 to rotate, thereby driving the inner sliding sleeve 21 to rotate, and then control the deep soil pipe 22 and the soil cutting knife 23 to rotate, cooperate with the soil breaking of multiple soil breaking cams 232, and at the same time control the second motor 341 to start, drive the second gear 342 to drive the second crown gear 34 to rotate, cooperate with the transmission of the two first sprocket wheels 33 and the first chain 331, drive the two lifting screws 32 to rotate synchronously, and then control the lifting cross frame 31 to drive the deep soil pipe 22 to descend, so that the deep soil pipe 22 rotates and descends into the deep surface layer of the soil, and there is deep soil in the deep soil pipe 22. The surface layer of sample soil is removed until it drops to the lowest position. At this time, the transmission gear 72 and the arc ring 74 are horizontally corresponding. Then, the deep soil pipe 22 is controlled to rotate slowly again, driving the auxiliary frame 7, the auxiliary shaft 71, and the transmission gear 72 to rotate slowly. The transmission gear 72 and the tooth groove 741 are meshed and connected. The tooth groove 741 drives the transmission gear 72 to drive the driving gear 73 and the long shaft 231 to rotate, thereby driving the soil cutter 23 at the bottom to rotate. The soil cutter 23 separates the sample soil in the deep soil pipe 22 and the deep surface soil. The soil cutter 23 is reset to the bottom end of the deep soil pipe 22 to facilitate the removal of the sample soil in the deep soil pipe 22.

[0053] Step 3: Control the second motor 341 to start and drive the second gear 342 to drive the second crown gear 34 to rotate in the opposite direction, cooperate with the transmission of the two first sprockets 33 and the first chain 331, drive the two lifting screws 32 to rotate in the opposite direction and synchronously, and then control the lifting cross frame 31 to drive the deep soil pipe 22 to move up, move the deep soil pipe 22 and the deep surface soil in the deep soil pipe 22 to the top of the device bottom frame 1, and take out the deep surface soil;

[0054] Step 4, after taking out the deep surface soil, control the third motor 561 to start driving the third gear 562 to drive the third crown gear 56 to rotate, cooperate with the control to start the first telescopic cylinder 52 to drive the first vertical frame 53 and multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 to move horizontally, rotate the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 and insert them into the first sampling slot 201, and the soil samples of different layers in the deep soil pipe 22 are placed in the corresponding sampling auxiliary tubes 54, then, control the first telescopic cylinder 52 to start again to drive the first vertical frame 53 and multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 to move horizontally, and the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 take out the first sampling slot 201, so that the soil samples of different layers of the deep soil pipe 22 are automatically taken out through the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54, and after the soil samples of different layers are taken out, use multiple sampling tubes to insert them into the corresponding second sampling slots 541, and store the samples in the second sampling slots 541 separately;

[0055] Step 5: After the samples are stored separately, the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 are inserted into the first sampling slot 201 again, and the second telescopic cylinder 57 is controlled to drive the second vertical frame 571 and the multiple pusher rods 572 to move horizontally, and the soil samples remaining in the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 are pushed into the deep soil pipe 22 by the multiple pusher rods 572, and the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 are pulled out at the same time;

[0056] Step six, after the remaining soil samples in the multiple sampling auxiliary tubes 54 are pushed into the deep soil tube 22, the deep soil tube 22 is controlled to descend deep into the soil, and the fourth motor 452 is controlled to start to drive the worm 451 to drive the worm wheel 45 and the drive shaft 441 to rotate, thereby driving the fourth gear 44 to control the fourth rack 442 and the lifting column 42 to descend, and then the bulldozer 43 is controlled to descend. The bulldozer 43 is movably connected in the deep soil tube 22, and the bulldozer 43 pushes the remaining soil samples in the deep soil tube 22 into the soil for automatic backfilling.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A deep surface soil sampling device, comprising a device base frame (1), characterized in that: A deep soil mechanism (2) is provided in the middle of the device base frame (1), a lifting mechanism (3) is provided between the device base frame (1) and the deep soil mechanism (2), a covering mechanism (4) used in conjunction with the deep soil mechanism (2) is fixedly mounted on the top of the lifting mechanism (3), a sampling mechanism (5) used in conjunction with the deep soil mechanism (2) is fixedly mounted in the middle of one side of the device base frame (1), and a shifting mechanism (6) is fixedly mounted on both ends of the device base frame (1); The deep soil mechanism (2) comprises an inner sliding sleeve (21), the inner sliding sleeve (21) is rotatably mounted in the middle of the device base frame (1), a deep soil pipe (22) is slidably clamped in the middle of the inner sliding sleeve (21), a plurality of first sampling grooves (201) distributed vertically are provided on one side of the deep soil pipe (22), a soil cutting knife (23) is provided at the bottom end of the deep soil pipe (22), the soil cutting knife (23) is in a semicircular ring structure, the center position of the soil cutting knife (23) corresponds to the axis position of the deep soil pipe (22), a plurality of evenly distributed soil breaking protrusions (232) are provided at the bottom of the soil cutting knife (23), a long shaft (231) is vertically mounted at one end of the soil cutting knife (23), the long shaft (231) is rotatably clamped on one side of the deep soil pipe (22), and the top of the long shaft (231) extends out of the top of the deep soil pipe (22); The lifting mechanism (3) comprises a lifting cross frame (31), a bearing (311) is fixedly clamped in the middle of the lifting cross frame (31), the top of the deep soil pipe (22) is fixedly clamped in the middle of the bearing (311), lifting screws (32) are threadedly mounted on both ends of the lifting cross frame (31), the bottom of the lifting screw (32) is rotatably mounted on both ends of the device bottom frame (1), the bottom of the lifting screw (32) extends out of the bottom end of the device bottom frame (1), and the bottom of the lifting screw (32) is fixedly mounted with a first sprocket (33), and the outer sides of the two first sprockets (33) are meshedly connected with a first chain (331).

2. A deep surface soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling mechanism (5) comprises a sampling frame (51), the sampling frame (51) being fixedly mounted on the middle part of one side of the device base frame (1), a first telescopic cylinder (52) being fixedly mounted on the sampling frame (51), a first longitudinal frame (53) being fixedly mounted on the driving end of the first telescopic cylinder (52), a plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes (54) corresponding to the positions of the first sampling slots (201) being rotatably mounted on the first longitudinal frame (53), a second sampling slot (541) being opened in the middle of the sampling auxiliary tubes (54), and the sampling auxiliary tubes (54) being close to the sampling frame (51). 1) is fixedly mounted at one end thereof, a second sprocket (55) is meshedly connected to the outer sides of a plurality of the second sprockets (55) with a second chain (551), a second telescopic cylinder (57) is fixedly mounted at the middle of the sampling frame (51), a second longitudinal frame (571) is fixedly mounted at the driving end of the second telescopic cylinder (57), a plurality of push rods (572) corresponding to the sampling auxiliary tube (54) are fixedly mounted on the second longitudinal frame (571), and an end of the push rod (572) away from the second longitudinal frame (571) is movably clamped in the corresponding sampling auxiliary tube (54).

3. A deep surface soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil covering mechanism (4) comprises a soil covering bracket (41), the soil covering bracket (41) being fixedly mounted at the middle of the top end of the lifting cross frame (31), a lifting column (42) being slidably inserted in the middle of the soil covering bracket (41), a bulldozer (43) being fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the lifting column (42), the bulldozer (43) being able to be movably engaged in the deep soil pipe (22), a fourth gear (44) being movably engaged at one side of the middle of the soil covering bracket (41), a driving shaft (441) being fixedly mounted in the middle of the fourth gear (44), the driving shaft (441) being rotatably mounted on the soil covering bracket (41), and the soil covering bracket (41) being able to be engaged in the deep soil pipe (22). A fourth rack (442) corresponding to the fourth gear (44) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the lifting column (42); the fourth gear (44) and the fourth rack (442) are meshingly connected; a worm wheel (45) is fixedly mounted on one end of the driving shaft (441); a worm (451) is meshingly connected to the bottom of the worm wheel (45); the worm (451) is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the soil covering bracket (41); a fourth motor (452) is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer wall of the soil covering bracket (41) close to the worm (451); and a driving end of the fourth motor (452) and one end of the worm (451) are fixedly mounted.

4. A deep surface soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary frame (7) is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the deep soil pipe (22) close to the long shaft (231); the top of the long shaft (231) extends out of the top of the auxiliary frame (7); an auxiliary shaft (71) is rotatably mounted on one end of the auxiliary frame (7) away from the long shaft (231); a transmission gear (72) is fixedly mounted on the top of the auxiliary shaft (71); a driving gear (73) is fixedly mounted on the top of the long shaft (231); the transmission gear (72) and the driving gear (73) are meshingly connected; the device An arcuate ring (74) is provided on one side of the top of the base frame (1) close to the transmission gear (72); the center position of the arcuate ring (74) corresponds to the axial position of the deep soil pipe (22); connecting frames (742) are fixedly mounted on both ends of the arcuate ring (74); the connecting frames (742) are fixedly mounted on the top of the device base frame (1); a tooth groove (741) for use with the transmission gear (72) is provided on the inner side of the arcuate ring (74); and the outer side of the transmission gear (72) can be meshed and connected with the tooth groove (741).

5. A deep surface soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first crown gear (24) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the inner sliding sleeve (21); a first motor (241) is fixedly mounted on a side of the top end of the device chassis (1) close to the first crown gear (24); a first gear (242) is fixedly mounted on a driving end of the first motor (241); and the first gear (242) is meshingly connected to the first crown gear (24).

6. A deep surface soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second crown gear (34) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of one of the lifting screw rods (32); a second motor (341) is fixedly mounted on a side of the top of the device chassis (1) close to the second crown gear (34); a second gear (342) is fixedly mounted on the driving end of the second motor (341); and the second gear (342) is meshingly connected to the second crown gear (34).

7. A deep surface soil sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A third crown gear (56) is fixedly mounted on one end of one of the sampling auxiliary tubes (54) close to the sampling frame (51); a third motor (561) is fixedly mounted on one side of the first longitudinal frame (53) close to the third crown gear (56); a third gear (562) is fixedly mounted on the driving end of the third motor (561); and the third gear (562) is meshingly connected to the third crown gear (56).

8. A deep surface soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shifting mechanism (6) comprises a shifting bracket (61), the shifting bracket (61) being fixedly mounted on the end of the device base frame (1), universal wheels (62) being fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom end of the shifting bracket (61), a fixing bolt (63) being threaded in the middle of the shifting bracket (61), and a rotating wheel (64) being fixedly mounted on the top end of the fixing bolt (63).

9. A sampling method using the deep surface soil sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Use the universal wheel (62) to move the entire deep surface soil sampling device to the soil sampling position, then rotate the rotating wheel (64) to drive the fixing bolt (63) to rotate, and insert the fixing bolt (63) into the soil to fix the entire deep surface soil sampling device; Step 2: Control the first motor (241) to start driving the first gear (242) to drive the first crown gear (24) to rotate, thereby driving the inner sliding sleeve (21) to rotate, and then controlling the deep soil pipe (22) and the soil cutting knife (23) to rotate, and cooperating with the soil breaking of the multiple soil breaking cams (232). At the same time, control the second motor (341) to start driving the second gear (342) to drive the second crown gear (34) to rotate, and cooperate with the transmission of the two first sprocket wheels (33) and the first chain (331) to drive the two lifting screws (32) to rotate synchronously, and then control the lifting cross frame (31) to drive the deep soil pipe (22) to descend, so that the deep soil pipe (22) rotates and descends into the deep surface layer of the soil, and there is deep surface fluid in the deep soil pipe (22). The sample soil of the layer is collected until it drops to the lowest position. At this time, the transmission gear (72) and the arc ring (74) are in horizontal corresponding positions. Subsequently, the deep soil pipe (22) is controlled to rotate slowly again, driving the auxiliary frame (7), the auxiliary shaft (71) and the transmission gear (72) to rotate slowly. The transmission gear (72) and the tooth groove (741) are meshed and connected. The tooth groove (741) drives the transmission gear (72) to drive the driving gear (73) and the long shaft (231) to rotate, thereby driving the soil cutting knife (23) at the bottom to rotate. The soil cutting knife (23) separates the sample soil in the deep soil pipe (22) and the deep surface soil. The soil cutting knife (23) is reset to the bottom end of the deep soil pipe (22) to facilitate the removal of the sample soil in the deep soil pipe (22); Step 3: Control the second motor (341) to start driving the second gear (342) to drive the second crown gear (34) to rotate in the opposite direction, cooperate with the transmission of the two first sprockets (33) and the first chain (331), drive the two lifting screws (32) to rotate in the opposite direction synchronously, and then control the lifting cross frame (31) to drive the deep soil pipe (22) to move upward, move the deep soil pipe (22) and the deep surface soil in the deep soil pipe (22) to the top of the device bottom frame (1), and take out the deep surface soil; Step 4: After the deep surface soil is taken out, the third motor (561) is controlled to start and drive the third gear (562) to drive the third crown gear (56) to rotate, and the first telescopic cylinder (52) is controlled to start and drive the first vertical frame (53) and the plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes (54) to move horizontally, and the plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes (54) are rotated and inserted into the first sampling groove (201), and the soil samples of different layers in the deep soil pipe (22) are placed in the corresponding sampling auxiliary tubes (54). Subsequently, the first telescopic cylinder (52) is controlled to start and drive the first vertical frame (53) and the plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes (54) to move horizontally, and the plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes (54) are taken out of the first sampling groove (201), so that the soil samples of different layers in the deep soil pipe (22) are automatically taken out through the plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes (54). After the soil samples of different layers are taken out, the plurality of sampling tubes are used to insert into the corresponding second sampling grooves (541), and the samples in the second sampling grooves (541) are stored separately; Step 5: After the samples are stored separately, the plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes (54) are inserted into the first sampling slot (201) again, and the second telescopic cylinder (57) is controlled to be turned on to drive the second vertical frame (571) and the plurality of pusher rods (572) to move horizontally, and the remaining soil samples in the plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes (54) are pushed into the deep soil tube (22) by the plurality of pusher rods (572), and the plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes (54) are simultaneously extracted; Step 6: After the remaining soil samples in the plurality of sampling auxiliary tubes (54) are pushed into the deep soil tube (22), the deep soil tube (22) is controlled to descend and penetrate into the soil, and the fourth motor (452) is controlled to be turned on to drive the worm (451) to drive the worm wheel (45) and the drive shaft (441) to rotate, thereby driving the fourth gear (44) to control the fourth rack (442) and the lifting column (42) to descend, thereby controlling the bulldozer (43) to descend, and the bulldozer (43) is movably engaged in the deep soil tube (22), and the bulldozer (43) pushes the remaining soil samples in the deep soil tube (22) into the soil for automatic backfilling.

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