Method for propelling a body by rotating it with an alternating combination of coils of different shapes

Abstract

The application discloses a method for rotating propulsion of a propulsion body by alternately combining different-shaped coils, and relates to the technical field of electromagnetic launching. Compared with the previous rotating propulsion method of a magnetic resistance type propulsion body, the application solves the problems of the low efficiency of the existing magnetic resistance type coil propulsion system, the high heat generated by the coil during electrification, the complex design of the multi-stage magnetic resistance type coil, the need of a complex control system for accurately controlling the rotating torque and the propulsion speed generated by the coil, and the high cost of the research, manufacture and maintenance of the magnetic resistance type coil propulsion system; the alternately combined elliptical and circular coils provide smoother rotating motion, reduce energy loss, and improve the overall propulsion efficiency; meanwhile, the optimization of the coil design reduces the heat generated by the coil, and improves the stability and reliability of the system. The alternately combined elliptical and circular coils realize the rotating propulsion of the propulsion body, and provide possibility and reference value for the upgrading and optimization of the magnetic resistance type coil launching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic launch technology, and in particular to a method for rotating and propelling a propulsion body by alternating combinations of coils of different shapes. Background Technology

[0002] Reference Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the acceleration principle of magnetoresistive electromagnetic launch technology. When the solenoid is energized, magnetic induction lines are distributed inside and outside the solenoid, with the magnetomotive force distribution being higher at the entrance and lower inside. The projectile (ferromagnetic core) outside the solenoid is pulled towards the center. A magnetoresistive electromagnetic launcher consists of a drive coil, a ferromagnetic projectile, and auxiliary components. It utilizes the change in magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit formed by the drive coil and the ferromagnetic projectile to attract and accelerate the projectile. Its operating principle is the principle of minimum magnetic reluctance. Magnetic flux always tends to follow the path of least magnetic reluctance. Ferromagnetic projectiles have much higher permeability than air; therefore, when the projectile is placed inside the drive coil, it will move in the direction of least magnetic reluctance within the magnetic circuit formed by the projectile and air. Alternatively, it can be considered as the Ampere force between the current in the drive coil and the magnetizing current in the magnetized ferromagnetic projectile. Since the magnetizing current and the current in the drive coil have the same direction, the projectile is attracted and accelerated. In the prior art, for ease of calculation, the coil is generally equivalent to a series of coils of the same shape with the same spacing. The magnetic field component generated at a point on the central axis of the coil is calculated by dividing the current elements, and then the magnetic field component at a point on the central axis of the coil in a certain direction is calculated by integration.

[0003] While existing rotary propulsion methods using reluctance propulsion systems have certain advantages in theory and application, they also have the following problems:

[0004] 1. Efficiency issues: Reluctance coil propulsion systems may have low efficiency because the reluctance effect itself causes energy loss.

[0005] Reason: The magnetoresistance effect causes the magnetic resistance of magnetic materials to change in a magnetic field, which leads to the conversion of energy into heat energy rather than effective propulsion.

[0006] 2. Thermal Management Challenges:

[0007] Coils generate heat when energized, especially under high current excitation, making heat management a challenge.

[0008] Reason: Joule heat is generated when current passes through the coil. Without effective heat dissipation measures, the coil may overheat, affecting its performance and lifespan.

[0009] 3. Structural complexity:

[0010] The design and manufacture of multi-stage reluctance coils can be very complex.

[0011] Reason: The complex structural design requires precise manufacturing processes and strict quality control to ensure the performance and reliability of the coil.

[0012] 4. Controlling complexity:

[0013] Precise control of the rotational torque and propulsion speed generated by the coil requires a complex control system.

[0014] Reason: The current control of the coil needs to be adjusted in real time to adapt to different propulsion requirements, which requires high-precision sensors and control algorithms.

[0015] 5. Cost issues:

[0016] The research, development, manufacturing, and maintenance costs of reluctance coil propulsion systems may be high.

[0017] Reasons: Complex design and manufacturing processes, high-precision control systems, and material costs all increase the overall cost of the system.

[0018] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a method for rotating and propelling a propulsion body by alternating combinations of coils of different shapes. Summary of the Invention

[0019] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for rotating and propelling a propulsion body by alternating combinations of coils of different shapes, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0020] Existing reluctance coil propulsion systems have low efficiency; the coils generate high heat when energized; the design and manufacture of multi-stage reluctance coils can be very complex; precise control of the rotational torque and propulsion speed generated by the coils requires a complex control system; and the research, development, manufacturing, and maintenance costs of reluctance coil propulsion systems can be high.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0022] A method for rotating and propelling a propulsion body by alternating combinations of coils of different shapes includes the following steps:

[0023] S1: Design the parameters of the reluctance multi-stage coil propulsion system and build the reluctance multi-stage coil propulsion system;

[0024] S2: Based on the design parameters, use the same wire to make elliptical coils and circular coils with the same number of turns respectively;

[0025] S3: Alternately combine elliptical and circular coils, and place the propeller in the center of the coils;

[0026] S4: Current is passed into the combined coil, and the magnitude, phase and direction of the current in the coil are adjusted to control the rotational speed and direction of the propeller, and the position and speed of the propeller are fed back through the current controller;

[0027] S5: Use Biot-Savart's law and Ampere's circuital law to calculate the magnetic field distribution generated by the elliptical and circular coils, and use this to calculate the interaction force between the elliptical and circular coils. Based on the calculation results, adjust the coil parameters in the design parameters to achieve the best propulsion effect.

[0028] Preferably, in step S2, the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the elliptical coil is adjusted to generate the required torque.

[0029] Preferably, in S3, the elliptical coil is located at both ends, the circular coil is located in the middle, and each coil is fixed in position by an insulating material.

[0030] Preferably, in step S4, the position and velocity of the propulsion body are fed back by a position sensor to achieve closed-loop control.

[0031] Preferably, in step S5, the steps of calculating the magnetic field distribution generated by the elliptical coil and the circular coil using Biot's law and Ampere's law, and then calculating the interaction force between the elliptical coil and the circular coil, are as follows:

[0032] Calculate the magnetic fields produced by the circular coil and the elliptical coil using Biot-Savart's law:

[0033] Calculate the magnetic induction intensity B1 produced by a single-turn circular coil at a distance r from its center:

[0034]

[0035] Where μ0 is the permeability of vacuum; I1 represents the current in the circular coil; and r is the radius of the circular coil.

[0036] For an n-turn circular coil, the magnetic field strength B 1n for:

[0037] B 1n =n*B1

[0038] Calculate the magnetic induction intensity B2 produced by a single-turn elliptical coil at a distance d from its center using Ampere's circuital law:

[0039]

[0040] Where I2 represents the current in the elliptical coil; a is the semi-major axis of the elliptical coil; and b is the semi-minor axis of the elliptical coil.

[0041] For an n-turn elliptical coil, the magnetic field strength B 2n for:

[0042] B 2n =n*B2

[0043] Calculate the interaction force between the two coils:

[0044] F = B 1n *I2*l*sin(θ)+B 2n *I1*l*sin(θ)

[0045] Where F represents the Ampere force; l represents the coil length; and θ represents the angle between the two coils.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for rotating and propelling a propulsion body by alternating combinations of coils of different shapes, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] This invention utilizes an alternating combination of elliptical and circular coils to provide smoother rotational motion, reduce energy loss, and improve overall propulsion efficiency. Simultaneously, optimized coil design reduces coil heat generation, enhancing system stability and reliability. The feasibility of achieving rotational propulsion through the alternating combination of elliptical and circular coils provides possibilities and reference value for the upgrading and optimization of reluctance coil launchers. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the acceleration principle of the magnetoresistive electromagnetic launch technology mentioned in the background art of this invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method mentioned in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0051] This invention utilizes an alternating combination of elliptical and circular coils to provide smoother rotational motion, reduce energy loss, and improve overall propulsion efficiency. Simultaneously, optimized coil design reduces coil heat generation, enhancing system stability and reliability. The feasibility of achieving rotational propulsion through the alternating combination of elliptical and circular coils provides possibilities and reference value for the upgrading and optimization of magnetoresistive coil launchers. Specifically, it includes the following:

[0052] Example 1:

[0053] Please see Figure 2The present invention discloses a method for rotating and propelling a propulsion body by alternating combinations of coils of different shapes, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1: Design the parameters of a reluctance multi-stage coil propulsion system and build the system; details are as follows:

[0055] First, set the parameters of the reluctance multi-stage coil system, including the size of the propulsion body, the material of the propulsion body, the power supply, the current limit, and the coil parameters including the coil specifications, in order to build the reluctance multi-stage coil system.

[0056] S2: Based on the design parameters, fabricate elliptical and circular coils with the same number of turns using the same wire; details are as follows:

[0057] Multistage magnetoresistive coils propel a vehicle forward by rotating it based on the magnetoresistive effect. The magnetoresistive effect refers to the change in magnetic resistance of a magnetic material in a magnetic field as the direction of the magnetic field changes. By designing the coil shape and controlling the current, a non-uniform magnetic field can be generated, thereby producing a rotational torque on the propulsion vehicle.

[0058] In a multi-stage reluctance coil system, each stage generates a magnetic field, and these magnetic fields interact to produce a rotational torque on the propeller. Elliptical and circular coils, due to their different shapes, produce different magnetic field distributions. This different magnetic field distribution can create non-uniform reluctance on the propeller, thus generating rotational torque. Therefore, coils of different shapes can be used to adjust the rotational torque on the propeller of a multi-stage reluctance coil system. The ratio of the major and minor axes of the elliptical coil should be appropriately selected to produce the desired torque. Circular coils, on the other hand, provide a more uniform magnetic field distribution.

[0059] S3: Alternately combine elliptical and circular coils, and place the actuator at the center of the coils; details are as follows:

[0060] Reference Figure 2 Alternating combinations of elliptical and circular coils allow for step-by-step conduction and acceleration. The first-stage circular coil (primary coil) provides a uniformly distributed magnetic field, attracting the propulsion unit forward. The first-stage elliptical coil (secondary coil) provides rotational torque through its generated torque. The second-stage circular coil (tertiary coil) continues to work in conjunction with the first and second-stage elliptical coils to accelerate the propulsion unit. Simultaneously, the second-stage elliptical coil (quaternary coil) continues to provide a rotational force for the propulsion unit, and so on, thus enabling the propulsion unit to accelerate and rotate.

[0061] S4: Current is passed into the combined coil, and the magnitude, phase, and direction of the current in the coil are adjusted to control the rotational speed and direction of the propeller. The position and speed of the propeller are fed back through the current controller; specifically as follows:

[0062] By controlling the magnitude, phase, and direction of the current, the magnetic field generated by the coil can be adjusted, thereby controlling the rotational speed and direction of the propeller. The current controller can use Hall effect sensors or other position sensors to provide feedback on the position and velocity of the propeller, achieving closed-loop control.

[0063] S5: The magnetic field distribution generated by the combined coil is calculated using Biot-Savart's law and Ampere's circuital law. The interaction force between the elliptical and circular coils is then calculated based on the calculation results. The coil parameters in the design parameters are adjusted to achieve the best propulsion effect. Details are as follows:

[0064] For elliptical and circular coils, when the current flowing through them is in opposite directions, the magnetic fields they produce are also in opposite directions. This means that when the magnetic field produced by one coil interacts with the magnetic field of another coil, a torque is generated between them. Assuming that the elliptical and circular coils have the same number of turns, current magnitude, and direction, but because of their different shapes, they produce different magnetic field distributions.

[0065] In a single elliptical coil magnetic field, each turn of the coil generates a magnetic field, and these magnetic fields are superimposed. The magnetic field is not uniformly distributed along the major and minor axes of the ellipse, and its intensity along the major axis may be greater than that along the minor axis. In a single circular coil magnetic field, each turn of the coil also generates a magnetic field, and these magnetic fields are also superimposed. The magnetic field is strongest at the center of the circular coil and gradually decreases towards the periphery. In a magnetic field composed of both elliptical and circular coils, their magnetic fields interact. The combined magnetic field is the sum of the two individual magnetic fields, and the magnetic field lines may no longer be completely closed, but rather curved and crossed due to the influence of the other coil. The magnetic field distribution becomes more complex because the current in each coil layer contributes to the total magnetic field. Since the magnetic field distributions of the elliptical and circular coils influence each other, the actual magnetic field distribution is the result of a superposition effect. Therefore, the magnetic field distribution and interaction forces of a combination of elliptical and circular coils can be analyzed using Biot-Savart's law and Ampere's circuital law.

[0066] The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0067] It is important to note that when the currents in two coils flow in opposite directions, the interaction forces between them will also flow in opposite directions. See the following example for a concrete example:

[0068] Assume the radius of circular coil 1 is r = 0.1m, and the current is I1 = 5A; the semi-major axis of elliptical coil 2 is a = 0.2m, the semi-minor axis is b = 0.1m, and the current is I2 = 10A; the included angle between the two coils is θ = 30°, the length is l = 0.5m, and the permeability of free space is μ0 = 4π × 10⁻⁶. -7 T·m / A, number of coil turns n=10.

[0069] First, calculate the magnetic fields produced by the circular coil and the elliptical coil:

[0070]

[0071] B 1n =n*B1=10*2π×10 -6 =2π×10 -5 T

[0072]

[0073] B 2n =n*B2=10*4π×10 -6 =4π×10 -5 T

[0074] Calculate the interaction force between the two coils:

[0075] F = B 1n *I2*l*sin(θ)+B 2n *I1*l*sin(θ)

[0076] =2π×10 -5 *10*0.5*sin30°+4π×10 -5 *5*0.5*sin30°

[0077] =3π×10 -4 N

[0078] Therefore, the interaction force between the two coils is 3π × 10⁻⁶. -4 N. This calculation result is obtained under ideal conditions, and in practical applications it may be affected by factors such as coil shape and current distribution.

[0079] Example 2:

[0080] Design an experimental setup comprising an elliptical coil and a circular coil, which can be alternately energized. Use sensors to measure the rotational speed and direction of the propulsion vehicle. The following is a simplified example illustrating how to select coil parameters, including the required propulsion force, rotational speed, power supply voltage and current, coil material, and heat dissipation requirements.

[0081] Design a reluctance coil propulsion system that utilizes a combination of elliptical and circular coils, with the following specific parameters:

[0082] Surface coating: to reduce friction and wear. Propeller size: a sphere with a diameter of 10 cm. Propeller material: ferromagnetic material, such as low-carbon steel.

[0083] Power supply voltage: 24VDC.

[0084] Current limit: 5A maximum.

[0085] Coil design parameters:

[0086] Elliptical coil:

[0087] Outer diameter: 15cm

[0088] Inner diameter: 5cm

[0089] Number of turns: 100 turns

[0090] Coil spacing: 2cm (i.e., the air gap between the coils)

[0091] Conductor specification: SWG22 (American wire gauge)

[0092] Circular coil:

[0093] Diameter: 10cm (matching the size of the propulsion body)

[0094] Number of turns: 50 turns

[0095] Coil spacing: 1cm (matching the inner diameter of the elliptical coil)

[0096] Conductor specification: SWG22 (American wire gauge)

[0097] Propulsion design parameters:

[0098] Material thickness: 1mm

[0099] Control system parameters:

[0100] Current controller: capable of providing an adjustable current of 0.5A

[0101] Direction controller: It can change the direction of the current to control the rotation direction of the propulsion body.

[0102] Example 3:

[0103] Design a reluctance thruster consisting of three levels of coils, with alternating elliptical and circular coils. Each coil is wound with copper wire, and it is assumed that they all carry the same direct current. The following are example data from the simulation results:

[0104] 1. Coil parameters:

[0105] Elliptical coil: major axis 20mm, minor axis 10mm, thickness 5mm, 100 turns.

[0106] Circular coil: 15mm in diameter, 5mm in thickness, 80 turns.

[0107] 2. Material properties:

[0108] Coil material: copper (conductivity σ=5.8e7S / m).

[0109] Core material: Silicon steel sheet (relative permeability μ) r =2000).

[0110] 3. Incentives:

[0111] Current: 1A (DC).

[0112] 4. Simulation results:

[0113] Magnetic flux density (B): The magnetic flux density is 0.5T at the center of the elliptical coil and 0.3T at the center of the circular coil.

[0114] Magnetic field strength (H): The magnetic field strength is 100 A / m at the center of the elliptical coil and 80 A / m at the center of the circular coil.

[0115] Rotational torque (τ): The rotational torque generated by the thruster is 0.1 N·m.

[0116] Table 1 Results of changes in propulsion speed

[0117] Step angle (degrees) Current frequency (Hz) Propulsion body rotation speed (rpm) 1.8 500 23.15 1.8 2000 92.6 1.8 10000 463

[0118] As shown in the table, the rotational speed of the propeller increases with the increase of current magnitude and frequency. This verifies the theory that the propeller can be rotated forward by alternating combinations of elliptical and circular coils in a reluctance coil.

[0119] Example 4:

[0120] Design a reluctance coil propulsion system that uses alternating combinations of elliptical and circular coils to propel a miniature underwater vehicle.

[0121] Design goals:

[0122] Propelling the miniature underwater vehicle to perform precise rotational movements.

[0123] The system is efficient and compact, and can operate in a limited space.

[0124] Propulsion design:

[0125] The propulsion body is a cylindrical structure with a diameter of 10cm and a length of 20cm.

[0126] The material is non-magnetic stainless steel to reduce weight and improve corrosion resistance.

[0127] The coil design can be referenced in the table below:

[0128] Table 2 Reluctance Coil Design

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] Control system:

[0132] A programmable logic controller (PLC) is used to control the current in the coil.

[0133] The current controller can provide an adjustable current of 0.5A to control the magnitude of the thrust.

[0134] The rotation direction of the propulsion body can be controlled by changing the direction of the current.

[0135] power supply:

[0136] The coil is powered by a 24VDC power supply.

[0137] The power supply capacity should be sufficient to support the peak current requirements of the coil.

[0138] Manufacturing and assembly:

[0139] 1. Based on the design parameters, use SWG22 wire to make elliptical and circular coils.

[0140] 2. Ensure the number of wire turns is accurate and the wires are arranged neatly during coil fabrication.

[0141] 3. Use insulating material to fix the coil position and ensure the coil spacing is correct.

[0142] 4. Connect the coil to the current controller and the power supply.

[0143] 5. Place the propulsion body in the center of the coil.

[0144] Testing and adjustments:

[0145] 1. Conduct tests in water to simulate the actual working environment.

[0146] 2. Adjust the magnitude and direction of the current through the control system and observe the rotational motion of the propulsion body.

[0147] 3. Adjust the coil parameters, such as current and coil spacing, based on the test results to achieve the best propulsion effect.

[0148] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rotating and propelling a propulsion body by alternating combinations of coils of different shapes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Design the parameters of the reluctance multi-stage coil propulsion system and build the reluctance multi-stage coil propulsion system; S2: Based on the design parameters, use the same wire to make elliptical coils and circular coils with the same number of turns respectively; S3: Alternately combine elliptical and circular coils, and place the propeller in the center of the coils; S4: Current is passed into the combined coil, and the magnitude, phase and direction of the current in the coil are adjusted to control the rotational speed and direction of the propeller, and the position and speed of the propeller are fed back through the current controller; S5: Use Biot-Savart's law and Ampere's circuital law to calculate the magnetic field distribution generated by the elliptical and circular coils, and use this to calculate the interaction force between the elliptical and circular coils. Based on the calculation results, adjust the coil parameters in the design parameters to achieve the best propulsion effect.

2. The method for rotating and propelling a propulsion body by alternating combinations of coils of different shapes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the ratio of the major and minor axes of the elliptical coil is adjusted to generate the required torque.

3. The method for rotating and propelling a propulsion body by alternating combinations of coils of different shapes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the alternating combination of elliptical and circular coils achieves step-by-step conduction and acceleration. Specifically, the first-stage circular coil provides a uniformly distributed magnetic field to attract the propulsion body forward. The first-stage elliptical coil provides rotational torque through its component torque. The second-stage circular coil continues to cooperate with the first and second-stage elliptical coils to accelerate the propulsion body. At the same time, the second-stage elliptical coil continues to provide rotational torque to the propulsion body, and so on, so that the propulsion body accelerates and rotates.

4. The method for rotating and propelling a propulsion body by alternating combinations of coils of different shapes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the position and speed of the propulsion body are fed back by a position sensor to achieve closed-loop control.

5. The method for rotating and propelling a propulsion body by alternating combinations of coils of different shapes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the magnetic field distribution generated by the elliptical and circular coils is calculated using Biot-Savart's law and Ampere's circuital law, and the interaction force between the elliptical and circular coils is calculated accordingly. The specific steps are as follows: Calculate the magnetic fields produced by the circular coil and the elliptical coil using Biot-Savart's law: Calculate the distance of a single-turn circular coil from its center. The magnetic induction intensity generated at the location : in, It is the permeability of vacuum; This represents the current in a circular coil; It is the radius of the circular coil; for Circular coil, magnetic field strength for: Using Ampere's circuital law, calculate the distance from the center of a single-turn elliptical coil. The magnetic induction intensity generated at the location ; for Elliptical coil with magnetic field strength for: Calculate the interaction force between the two coils: in, Represents Ampere force; Indicates the coil length; This indicates the angle between the two coils.

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