A channel modeling method, device and storage medium based on surface wave transmission

Abstract

The present invention discloses a channel modeling method, device and storage medium based on surface wave transmission, including the following specific operation steps: wirelessly coupling the transceiver antenna to metal pipes of different diameters, with a coupling distance not exceeding 1 / 4 wavelength; the height of the transmitting end is fixed, the height of the receiving end and the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end are changed, the measurement data of the wireless channel of the receiving end at the height is collected, and the path loss value is extracted to construct a path loss model with the influence of the coupling distance of the receiving end; the path loss model is parameter-fitted by the least square method to obtain the correction value of each parameter in the path loss model, and the final path loss model is obtained after correction; the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end and the coupling distance of the receiving end are input into the final path loss model, and the path loss value of the channel of the transmitting and receiving end in the corresponding situation can be obtained. Compared with the prior art, the present invention is more convenient for guiding the optimal layout of signal coverage and working nodes in the IIOT environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a channel modeling method, device and storage medium based on surface wave transmission. Background Art

[0002] The Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT) is an advanced concept that aims to innovate and improve traditional industrial production processes through digitalization and intelligent means. It connects machines, sensors, equipment, etc. to the Internet to realize real-time data collection, analysis and application, thereby improving production efficiency, reducing operating costs, optimizing resource allocation, and ultimately promoting industrial production towards automation and intelligence. With the in-depth development of 5G, the exploration of 6G, and the deep integration of industrialization and informatization, IIOT has become one of the important application scenarios of 5G and 6G. Compared with other indoor environments, IIOT scenarios have the characteristics of large spatial scale, large and densely distributed metal equipment, and diverse material types, which leads to more complex fading characteristics of the wireless channel in this scenario. The channel model is the basis and premise of communication system design and optimization, but the complex fading characteristics make it difficult to construct an accurate and effective IIOT channel model. Therefore, it is necessary to model and analyze the wireless channel characteristics in the IIOT environment.

[0003] At present, various analyses and modeling studies have been conducted on the channel characteristics in IIOT scenarios at home and abroad. For example, in the prior art, a three-dimensional non-stationary geometric random model was constructed using geometric optics methods in the millimeter wave band, and the influence of antenna height and industrial environment on channel characteristics was explored. In the prior art, measurements and modeling were also carried out in sparse and dense industrial environments, and the PL and shadow fading characteristics in the two environments were compared and analyzed. Most of these existing studies regard the large number of metal objects or machines in the industrial environment as scatterers that interfere with signal transmission to explore the wireless channel propagation characteristics of the IIOT environment, but do not consider the transformation of metal objects or machines into transmission media, and the impact of reducing the number of scatterers on the wireless channel propagation characteristics in the IIOT channel model.

[0004] In addition, surface waves are waves that propagate along the interface between different media. Such waves can be formed on the surface of solids, liquids or gases. Due to their advantage of low propagation loss, they have been proven to be a third option between wireless communication and wired communication. Studies have shown that surface waves induced by electromagnetic waves (called electromagnetic surface waves) can be transmitted on metal surfaces and have great potential in traditional power line communications, high-frequency power communications, and power line fault detection.

[0005] In summary, in order to prevent a large number of densely packed metal conductors in IIOT scenarios from becoming scatterers, this application proposes a channel modeling method based on surface wave transmission. By introducing the surface wave transmission mechanism, the metal conductors are "transformed" into surface wave transmission lines to achieve low-loss wireless propagation characteristics and solve various signal-to-noise ratio degradation problems caused by deep fading of wireless channels. Summary of the invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a channel modeling method based on surface wave transmission to solve the technical problems raised in the background technology.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0008] A channel modeling method based on surface wave transmission includes the following specific operation steps:

[0009] S1. Set up the sender , receiving end and several groups of metal pipes with different diameters, where the distance between the sending end and the receiving end is can be changed;

[0010] S2. Use the calibrator to calibrate the transmitter The transmitting antenna and receiving end Calibrate the receiving antenna;

[0011] S3. Place a set of metal pipes directly above the transmitting end and the receiving end, and adjust the coupling distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna and the metal pipe. The coupling distance range is not greater than 1 / 4 wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency, so as to fully excite the surface wave mode;

[0012] S4. The distance between the transmitter and the receiver The height of the transmitting end is fixed, the height of the receiving end is changed, and the measurement data of the wireless channel of the receiving end at the height is collected by using a channel measuring instrument, and the path loss value is calculated and extracted from the measurement data. The distance between the receiving end and the metal pipe is the coupling distance;

[0013] S5. Change the distance between the transmitter and receiver And repeat the above step S3;

[0014] S6. Repeat the above steps S3 to S5 by replacing the metal tube with another metal tube of different diameter that has not been measured;

[0015] S7. Based on the multiple path loss values ​​extracted in the above steps, a path loss model with the influence of the receiving end coupling distance is constructed. ;

[0016] S8. The path loss model constructed in step S7 above Use the least squares method to fit the parameters and get the path loss model The corrected values ​​of each parameter are used to obtain the final path loss model. ;

[0017] S9. The distance between the transmitter and the receiver , the receiving end coupling distance is input into the final path loss model , the path loss value of the transmitting and receiving end channel in the corresponding situation can be obtained.

[0018] Preferably, in the step S1, the transmitting antenna of the transmitting end and the receiving antenna of the receiving end are both connected to the channel measuring instrument through cables, wherein the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are both surface wave exciters.

[0019] Preferably, the path loss model in step S7 is The expression is expressed as:

[0020]

[0021] in, is the distance between the receiving end and the metal tube, that is, the coupling distance of the receiving end, , are the parameters of the expression, Specifically expressed as the dynamic coefficient value of the path loss model, It is specifically expressed as the dynamic correction value of the path loss model.

[0022] Preferably, the final path loss model in step S8 is The expression is expressed as:

[0023]

[0024] in, represents the selected reference distance, Represents the distance between the sender and the receiver. is the coupling distance at the receiving end, represents the path loss exponent, The standard deviation is A zero-mean Gaussian distributed random variable.

[0025] On the other hand, the present invention further discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the above method.

[0026] On the other hand, the present invention further discloses a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the above method.

[0027] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present invention provides a channel modeling method based on surface wave transmission. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] 1. The present invention promotes signal transmission by introducing electromagnetic surface waves propagating on the metal surface, making energy propagation more concentrated, reducing dense scattering and multipath effects caused by free propagation, reducing the randomness of the channel, and being conducive to reducing interference between systems and improving the signal-to-noise ratio. It fully ensures transmission reliability and can be flexibly deployed and adjusted.

[0029] 2. The present invention simplifies the transmission mode and channel model, making it easier to guide the optimal layout of signal coverage and working nodes in the IIOT environment.

[0030] 3. Compared with the prior art, the present invention also takes into account the influence of the distance between the receiving end and the metal tube, i.e., the coupling distance of the receiving end, on the energy propagation characteristics. According to the different influences on the large-scale fading characteristics and the use of a metal tube structure with better excitation effect, the established model can greatly reduce the path loss and improve the reliability and security of signal transmission.

[0031] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easy to understand through the following description. Of course, it is not necessary to achieve all of the advantages described above simultaneously for any product implementing the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the modeling process of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement scenario of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the design of the coupling distance of the receiving end of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram comparing the path loss model fitting curve of the receiving end coupling distance of metal tubes with different diameters when the distance between the transmitting and receiving ends of the present invention is 1m and the path loss of free space;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a comparative schematic diagram of the fitting curve of the path loss model of the receiving end coupling distance under different transmitting and receiving end distances in the case of a metal tube with a diameter of 1.5 cm according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a comparative schematic diagram of the fitting curve of the path loss model of the receiving end coupling distance under different transmitting and receiving end distances in the case of a metal tube with a diameter of 2.5 cm according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a comparative schematic diagram of the fitting curve of the path loss model of the receiving end coupling distance under different transmitting and receiving end distances in the case of a metal tube with a diameter of 4.5 cm according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram for comparing the path loss fitting curves of the metal tube coupling distance under different transmitting and receiving end distances in the case of a metal tube with a diameter of 1.5 cm according to the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram for comparing the path loss fitting curves of the metal tube coupling distance under different transmitting and receiving end distances in the case of a metal tube with a diameter of 2.5 cm according to the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram for comparing the path loss fitting curves of the metal tube coupling distance under different transmitting and receiving end distances in the case of a metal tube with a diameter of 4.5 cm according to the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In the embodiment, see Figures 1 to 10 .

[0045] like Figure 1 The channel modeling method based on surface wave transmission proposed in the embodiment of the present invention is generally used in industrial Internet of Things scenarios, and the following steps are performed by a computer device:

[0046] S1. Build an indoor surface wave transmission measurement scene with a transmitter in the scene , receiving end and a plurality of groups of metal pipes of different diameters, wherein in a specific implementation process:

[0047] The distance between the transmitter and receiver (transceiver) can be changed;

[0048] The transmitting antenna at the transmitting end and the receiving antenna at the receiving end are both connected to the channel measuring instrument through cables;

[0049] Both the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are surface wave exciters;

[0050] The number of metal pipes is set to three groups, and the length of the metal pipes is 3m, with diameters of 1.5cm, 2.5cm, and 4.5cm respectively;

[0051] For details, please refer to Figure 2 The actual measurement scheme shown in the figure sets up a channel measuring instrument, two coaxial cables with the same loss and a calibrator. The transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are fixed on a tripod as the transmitting end and the receiving end so as to adjust the height and position of the antenna. The channel measuring instrument is connected to the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna respectively through cables. The transmitting end and the receiving end use surface wave exciters. The metal tube is fixed on the top of the transmitting and receiving end with a tripod. At this time, there are instrument tables and chairs around, and in Figure 2 In the scheme description shown in the figure It is expressed as the horizontal distance between the transmitting and receiving ends. Expressed as the receiving end coupling distance.

[0052] S2. Use the calibrator to calibrate the transmitter The transmitting antenna and receiving end Calibrate the receiving antenna;

[0053] S3. Place a set of 1.5 cm diameter metal tubes directly above the transmitter and receiver. Figure 3 As shown, the coupling distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna and the metal pipe is adjusted, and the range of the coupling distance is not greater than 1 / 4 wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency, so as to fully excite the surface wave mode;

[0054] S4. The distance between the transmitter and the receiver The height of the transmitter is fixed, and the distance between the transmitter and the receiver is The height of the receiving end is changed from 0.5m to 0.5m. The receiving end starts from being close to the metal pipe (that is, starting from 1m), and moves vertically downward every 0.1m. The distance between the receiving end and the metal pipe is the coupling distance, until the receiving end is 0.8m away from the metal pipe. There are a total of 8 measurement points, and 9 measurements are performed at each measurement point. The measurement data of the wireless channel of the receiving end at each measurement point height is collected by using a channel measurement instrument, and the data is input into the matlab software to calculate and extract the path loss value from the measurement data;

[0055] S5. Change the distance between the transmitter and receiver 1m, 1.5m, 2m, 2.5m and repeat the above S3 step;

[0056] S6. Replace the metal tube with another metal tube of different diameter that has not been measured and repeat the above steps S3 to S5 for measurement;

[0057] S7. Based on the multiple path loss values ​​extracted in the above steps, a path loss model with the influence of the receiving end coupling distance is constructed. , path loss model The expression is expressed as:

[0058]

[0059] in, is the distance between the receiving end and the metal tube, that is, the coupling distance of the receiving end, , are the parameters of the expression, Specifically expressed as the dynamic coefficient value of the path loss model, Specifically expressed as a dynamic correction value of the path loss model;

[0060] Based on the measurement data related to the receiving end coupling distance collected above, different function models are used to construct the path loss model related to the receiving end coupling distance. , select the model with the smallest root mean square error RMSE, and the RMSE of different function model fittings are shown in Table 1 below:

[0061] Table 1:

[0062]

[0063] From the table, it can be concluded that the RMSE fitted using the proposed function is the smallest;

[0064] S8. The path loss model constructed in step S7 above Input the MATLAB software and use the least squares method to fit the parameters to obtain the path loss model The corrected values ​​of each parameter are used to obtain the final path loss model. , the final path loss model The expression is expressed as:

[0065]

[0066] in, represents the selected reference distance, Represents the distance between the sender and the receiver. represents the path loss exponent, The standard deviation is A zero-mean Gaussian random variable of ;

[0067] At this time, the parameters of the present invention for parameter fitting are shown in Table 2 below:

[0068] Table 2:

[0069]

[0070] It should be noted that the parameter values ​​are obtained by fitting the actual measured data and the established model. Different scenarios or other variables may result in different parameter values. These parameter values ​​are only applicable to the above-mentioned specific scenarios.

[0071] S9. The distance between the transmitter and the receiver , the receiving end coupling distance is input into the final path loss model , the path loss value of the transmitting and receiving end channel in the corresponding situation can be obtained.

[0072] In the specific results, Figure 4 The transmission of surface waves excited by metal tubes with three different diameters as the coupling distance at the receiving end changes is given when the distance between the transmitting and receiving ends is 1m. Figure 2 shows the height change of the free space receiver. Figure 2 shows that when a metal tube excites surface wave transmission, The value is smaller than that of free space, so surface wave transmission can improve the transmission efficiency.

[0073] also, Figure 5 Combination Figure 6 to Figure 7 The specific relationship diagram of the three metal pipes with different diameters can be used to analyze whether it is metal pipes with different diameters or different distances between the transmitting and receiving ends. It increases with the increase of the coupling distance of the receiving end, but it is not a simple linear relationship. The growth rate is large in the front range, and after a certain range, the growth rate becomes smaller and smaller. Although the growth rate is very small in the end, It is still increasing instead of tending to a constant value.

[0074] In addition Figure 4 It can also be predicted that as the coupling distance increases, the growth rate will be basically the same as that of the free space. In any case, before a certain distance, That is to say, the transmission loss changes greatly, the surface wave excitation transmission effect becomes lower and lower, and the relative free space loss changes steadily within this range, that is, within this range, as the coupling distance of the receiving end increases, the efficiency of exciting surface wave transmission becomes lower and lower. This section can be considered to be dominated by surface wave transmission, but as the coupling distance of the receiving end exceeds a certain value, the growth trend becomes stable. At this time, although it is not ruled out that the surface wave may still exist, the free propagation of the signal is dominant. The change becomes the law of free space signal transmission, and it can be considered that it is no longer surface wave transmission.

[0075] Therefore, there is a boundary value for the coupling distance at the receiving end. Before the boundary value, surface wave transmission is dominant, and after the boundary value, free space propagation is dominant. Figure 4 It can also be found that the receiving end coupling distance boundary value varies when using metal tubes of different thicknesses. In the case of a metal tube with a diameter of 4 cm The growth trend is greater than that of 1.5cm and 2.5cm in diameter under the same circumstances, and from the same situation From the comparison of values, the larger the diameter, The smaller it is, the better the surface wave excitation transmission effect is, and the dividing point of the coupling distance at the receiving end will also increase accordingly.

[0076] In summary, this modeling method promotes signal transmission by introducing electromagnetic surface waves propagating on the metal surface, making energy propagation more concentrated, reducing the dense scattering and multipath effects caused by free propagation, and reducing the randomness of the channel, which is conducive to alleviating interference between systems and improving the signal-to-noise ratio. It can fully ensure transmission reliability and enable flexible deployment and adjustment. At the same time, this modeling method also simplifies the transmission mode and channel model, making it easier to guide the optimal layout of signal coverage and working nodes in the IIOT environment.

[0077] In addition, in one embodiment, according to the different materials of the surface wave metal used, the path loss at different coupling distances is also different. The prior art discloses a method for modeling the path loss of an indoor wireless channel based on surface wave excitation (patent publication number is CN116846499A), which also performs corresponding modeling operations through surface wave excitation. However, compared with the prior art solution, the present invention takes into account the influence of the coupling distance of the receiving end on the propagation characteristics, and the modeling methods and model structures used are greatly different. According to the different influences on the large-scale fading characteristics, the laws of the path loss attenuation changes are different. In combination with the use of a metal tube structure with a better excitation effect, different model structures can be established. Compared with the prior art solution, this aspect can greatly reduce the path loss and improve the reliability and security of signal transmission.

[0078] In addition, taking the distance between the transmitter and receiver as 1m as an example, the following Table 3 gives the transmission of surface waves excited by different metal bodies at different coupling distances when the horizontal distance between the transmitter and receiver is 1m. Comparison of measured values, table The measured value is the sum of the surface wave transmission loss excited by the metal body and the free space propagation loss.

[0079] Table 3:

[0080]

[0081] From the table, we can find that: the smaller the coupling distance, The smaller the value, the smaller the coupling distance, and the better the effect of the metal body on exciting the surface wave. In this case, the signal is mostly transmitted through the excited surface wave, so The value is small, and the effect of different metal bodies on exciting surface waves is different. When metal wires and conductors are used to transmit surface waves, the coupling distance is greater than about 4.5cm. It remains basically unchanged, which shows that the metal body can excite surface waves when the coupling distance is less than 4.5cm.

[0082] In addition, for metal pipes of different diameters, the path loss model of the metal pipe coupling distance is The fitting curve diagram can be found in Figures 8 to 10 .

[0083] pass Figure 8 It can be seen that as the coupling distance changes, the corresponding path loss model Also changes, as the coupling distance increases, the It is also increasing, but not in a simple linear way. It grows faster in the previous range, but when the coupling distance is greater than a certain value, The growth rate gradually decreased and finally stabilized. Figure 8 It can also be seen that before the coupling distance is 8.5cm, each curve has a relatively obvious growth trend. The growth trend is no longer obvious around 8.5cm to 12.5cm. After exceeding 12.5cm, the curve tends to be stable, that is, at this time, the metal tube can no longer excite surface wave transmission.

[0084] from Fig. 9 and Fig.10 Metal pipes of different diameters In terms of the impact of It is generally smaller than the 1.5 cm metal tube, which means that the metal tube with a larger diameter can better excite the surface wave, resulting in high transmission efficiency and low path loss. Just small.

[0085] From the curve trend, the trend is roughly the same as that of the 1.5 cm metal tube analysis. However, it is worth noting that although the trend is the same, the fitting graph of the 2.5 cm metal tube is before the coupling distance of 12.5 cm. There is an obvious growth trend, but the growth trend is not obvious between 12.5cm and 16.5cm, and it tends to be stable after 16.5cm. The coupling diagram of the same 4cm metal tube has an obvious growth trend before the coupling distance of 14.5cm, and there is still a growth trend between 14.5cm and the last point of measurement 20.5cm, but it gradually stabilizes. It can be considered that surface wave transmission can basically not be stimulated after 20.5cm.

[0086] Therefore, it can be concluded that changes in the diameter of the metal tube will not affect The trend and law of the change with the coupling distance will affect the surface wave excitation efficiency and the maximum coupling distance. The larger the diameter of the metal tube, the better the excitation degree of the surface wave. Similarly, the larger the diameter, the larger the maximum coupling distance will be.

[0087] The above experimental results show that the effect of exciting surface waves by the metal tube used in the present invention is better than that of exciting by metal wires and conducting wires used in the prior art, and the larger the diameter of the metal tube, the larger the maximum coupling distance.

[0088] In summary, compared with the prior art (a method for modeling indoor wireless channel path loss based on surface wave excitation with patent publication number CN116846499A), the present invention also takes into account the influence of the coupling distance of the receiving end on the energy propagation characteristics. According to the different influences on the large-scale fading characteristics and the use of a metal tube structure with better excitation effect, the established model can greatly reduce the path loss and improve the reliability and security of signal transmission.

[0089] On the other hand, the present invention further discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the above method.

[0090] On the other hand, the present invention further discloses a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the above method.

[0091] In another embodiment provided by the present application, a computer program product including instructions is also provided, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute any channel modeling method based on surface wave transmission in the above embodiments.

[0092] It is understandable that the system provided by the embodiment of the present invention corresponds to the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the explanation, examples and beneficial effects of the relevant contents can refer to the corresponding parts in the above method.

[0093] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus.

[0094] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0095] The processor is used to implement the channel modeling method based on surface wave transmission when executing the program stored in the memory.

[0096] The communication bus mentioned in the above electronic device may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The communication bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc.

[0097] The communication interface is used for communication between the above electronic device and other devices.

[0098] The memory may include a random access memory (RAM) or a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk memory. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located away from the aforementioned processor.

[0099] The above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, and discrete hardware components.

[0100] It should also be noted that electronic devices also include terminal devices, which can also be called terminals, user equipment (UE), mobile stations (MS), mobile terminals (MT), etc. Terminal devices can be mobile phones, smart TVs, wearable devices, tablet computers (Pad), computers with wireless transceiver functions, virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal devices.

[0101] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, a computer, a server or a data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that includes one or more available media integrated. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state drive Solid State Disk (SSD)), etc.

[0102] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0103] In addition, it should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0104] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or schemes that A and B meet at the same time. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" refers to more than two. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A channel modeling method based on surface wave transmission, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1. Set up the sender , receiving end and several groups of metal pipes with different diameters, where the distance between the sending end and the receiving end is can be changed; S2. Use the calibrator to calibrate the transmitter The transmitting antenna and receiving end Calibrate the receiving antenna; S3. Place a set of metal pipes directly above the transmitting end and the receiving end, and adjust the coupling distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna and the metal pipe. The coupling distance range is not greater than 1 / 4 wavelength corresponding to the center operating frequency to fully excite the surface wave mode; S4. The distance between the transmitter and the receiver The height of the transmitting end is fixed, the height of the receiving end is changed, and the measurement data of the wireless channel of the receiving end at the height of the receiving end is collected by using a channel measuring instrument, and the path loss value is calculated and extracted from the measurement data, wherein the distance between the receiving end and the metal pipe is the coupling distance; S5. Change the distance between the transmitter and receiver And repeat the above step S3; S6. Repeat the above steps S3 to S5 by replacing the metal tube with another metal tube of different diameter that has not been measured; S7. Based on the multiple path loss values ​​extracted in the above steps, a path loss model with the influence of the receiving end coupling distance is constructed. ; The path loss model in step S7 The expression is expressed as: in, is the distance between the receiving end and the metal tube, that is, the coupling distance of the receiving end, , are the parameters of the expression respectively; S8. The path loss model constructed in step S7 above Use the least squares method to fit the parameters and get the path loss model The corrected values ​​of each parameter are used to obtain the final path loss model. ; The final path loss model in step S8 The expression is expressed as: in, represents the selected reference distance, Represents the distance between the sender and the receiver. represents the path loss exponent, The standard deviation is A zero-mean Gaussian random variable of ; S9. The distance between the transmitter and the receiver , the receiving end coupling distance is input into the final path loss model , the path loss value of the transmitting and receiving channel in the corresponding situation can be obtained.

2. The channel modeling method based on surface wave transmission as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the transmitting antenna at the transmitting end and the receiving antenna at the receiving end are both connected to the channel measuring instrument through cables, wherein the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are both surface wave exciters.

3. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor is caused to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

4. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that: The memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor is caused to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

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