A method for controlling debris flow in high-level landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance and its application

Abstract

This invention proposes a method for controlling debris flows in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance, and its application. This method acquires information about the path of the debris flow through mountain gullies and plans and determines the placement points of multi-stage flow-control and disturbance dams at preset intervals along the gullies. The disturbance dams consist of a foundation and a disturbance fluid. The disturbance fluid employs a special multi-segment columnar structure, which can disturb the debris flow through its unique shape. When the debris flow passes through the disturbance dam, its fluidized layer is broken, the bottom material is disturbed and moves upward, leading to internal material collisions, thereby reducing the speed and destructive force of the debris flow. This method can reliably slow down and control debris flows; its key lies in disrupting the formation of the fluidized layer of the debris flow. This method demonstrates high reliability in dealing with high-speed, long-distance debris flow disasters, thus significantly improving the effectiveness of geological disaster prevention and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of debris flow geological disaster prevention and control technology, and in particular to a method and application for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional geological disaster management technologies, such as landslide control and debris flow prevention, have played an important role in general geological disaster prevention and control. However, their effectiveness is often unsatisfactory when dealing with geological disasters such as high-speed, long-distance debris flows, which are characterized by high speed and high energy. Therefore, researching and developing a new prevention and control technology for high-speed, long-distance debris flows is of great significance for improving geological disaster prevention and control capabilities and protecting the lives and property of the people.

[0003] Traditional geological hazard prevention technologies typically employ physical or engineering measures, such as retaining walls, slope protection, and drainage ditches, to slow the development of geological hazards or reduce their destructive power. However, these traditional technologies face numerous challenges when dealing with high-altitude, long-range debris flows. A significant characteristic of high-altitude, long-range debris flows is the complexity of their internal structure, which typically includes a fluidized layer and a non-fluidized layer. The material in the fluidized layer exhibits fluid-like motion and possesses extremely high kinetic and potential energy, while the non-fluidized layer is relatively static or moves slowly. This complex internal structure makes debris flows exhibit variable and unpredictable characteristics during their movement, making it difficult for traditional engineering measures to effectively predict and control them. Therefore, traditional technologies have poor reliability in preventing and controlling high-speed, long-range debris flows and are unlikely to achieve the desired results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem that traditional geological disaster prevention technologies are ineffective against high-altitude, long-distance debris flows, this invention provides a method and application for controlling debris flows in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary perturbation. By using bottom boundary perturbation technology, the formation and movement of the fluidized layer in the debris flow are effectively disrupted, achieving deceleration and control of the debris flow, and significantly improving the effectiveness of geological disaster prevention. To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a method and application for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance, including:

[0006] Obtain path information of the mountain gullies through which the debris flow moves in the target area;

[0007] Based on the path information, and at preset intervals, several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and positioned on the mountain gully; each flow control and disturbance dam includes a foundation and a disturbance flow.

[0008] The foundation is fixedly installed below the ground at the arrangement point to support and stabilize the turbulent water.

[0009] The turbulence-disrupting fluid is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base. The turbulence-disrupting fluid adopts a horizontally extending multi-segment column structure, including two opposite and parallel bottom surfaces, a horizontal side surface, and a curved side surface. The curved side surface is located vertically above the horizontal side surface. The turbulence-disrupting fluid consists of three continuous sections: a front turbulence section, a middle turbulence section, and a rear turbulence section. Each section is a column structure, and the elevation lines between each section are continuous and consistent. The elevation lines of each section are perpendicular to the axial vertical plane of the mountain channel. When the front turbulence section intersects with the axial vertical plane of the mountain channel, it forms a first arc concave towards the downstream direction of the mountain channel. When the middle turbulence section intersects with the axial vertical plane of the mountain channel, it forms a second arc convex towards the upward direction of the vertical plane. When the rear turbulence section intersects with the axial vertical plane of the mountain channel, it forms a third arc concave towards the upstream direction of the mountain channel. The first arc is tangentially connected to the second arc, and the second arc is tangentially connected to the third arc.

[0010] Furthermore, the foundation is fixedly installed below the ground level at the arrangement point, including:

[0011] At the designated location, several pile foundation holes are drilled in the ground according to predetermined positions and dimensions, and corresponding pile foundations are installed in each hole; the pile foundations are made of reinforced concrete.

[0012] At the upper end of the pile foundation, a pile cap of a predetermined shape and size is fixedly installed; the upper surface of the pile cap is ensured to be horizontal, and the pile cap is made of reinforced concrete.

[0013] The pile foundation and the pile cap together form the foundation body.

[0014] Furthermore, the method also includes the second arc being a teardrop-shaped curve.

[0015] Furthermore, the method also includes: laying a steel plate structure on the curved side surface to increase the wear resistance of the curved side surface.

[0016] Furthermore, the method also includes: the horizontal dimensions of the front disturbance section, the middle disturbance section and the rear disturbance section are designed and configured in a ratio of 3:5:2 along the axial direction of the mountain channel.

[0017] Furthermore, the method also includes: the radius dimensions of the first arc, the second arc, and the third arc are designed and configured in a ratio of 8:5:3, respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, the method further includes: the vertical height of the central disturbance part is half of its horizontal dimension along the axial direction of the mountain channel.

[0019] Furthermore, according to a preset interval, several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and positioned along the mountain gully, including:

[0020] Obtain the longitudinal slope data of the mountain gully;

[0021] Based on the longitudinal gradient data, determine whether the mountain gully has a section that changes from gentle to steep.

[0022] If so, then exclude the section that transitions from gentle to steep.

[0023] In the selected mountain gully section, the locations of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and determined according to the preset intervals.

[0024] Furthermore, according to a preset interval, several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and positioned along the mountain gully, including:

[0025] Obtain the width and curvature data of the mountain gully;

[0026] Based on the width data, determine whether there is a section in the mountain gully that changes from narrow to wide; if so, prioritize selecting the section in the mountain gully that changes from narrow to wide.

[0027] Based on the curvature data, determine whether there are straight sections in the mountain gully; if so, select the straight sections of the mountain gully first.

[0028] In the selected mountain gully section, the locations of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and determined according to the preset intervals.

[0029] Furthermore, according to a preset interval, several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and positioned along the mountain gully, including:

[0030] Obtain the stratigraphic structure distribution data of the mountain gullies;

[0031] Based on the stratigraphic distribution data, determine whether there are bedrock stratigraphic sections in the mountain gully; if so, prioritize the bedrock stratigraphic sections in the mountain gully.

[0032] In the selected mountain gully section, the locations of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and determined according to the preset intervals.

[0033] The method and application of high-level landslide debris flow control based on bottom boundary disturbance proposed in this application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0034] First, by arranging multi-stage specially designed disturbance fluids in the mountain gully, the debris flow was effectively disturbed, the stable state of the fluidization layer was broken, and the formation of the fluidization layer during the debris flow process was interfered with, thereby achieving the effect of deceleration and reduction of destructive force.

[0035] Secondly, through a carefully designed fluid disturbance structure, especially including a first arc concave to the downstream, a second arc convex to the upward, and a third arc concave to the upstream, the fluidization layer inside the debris flow is effectively disturbed and destroyed, further reducing the movement speed and destructive force of the debris flow and improving the effectiveness of preventing and controlling geological disasters. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a high-level landslide debris flow control method based on bottom boundary disturbance, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an implementation method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of a flow control and disturbance dam according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another principle structure based on a flow control and disturbance dam provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure label:

[0041] Foundation-1, Foundation-1, Turbulent Flow-2, Front Turbulent Flow Section-3, Middle Turbulent Flow Section-4, Rear Turbulent Flow Section-5, Pile Foundation-6, Pile Cap-7, Fluidized Layer-8, Non-Fluidized Layer-9. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] The terms "first," "second," and "third" in this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movements between components in a specific orientation (as shown in the figures). If the specific orientation changes, the directional indications also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0044] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0045] Example

[0046] This application provides an embodiment of a high-altitude landslide debris flow control method based on bottom boundary disturbance and its application, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown. The core principle of this invention is to disrupt the formation of the fluidized layer 8 during the debris flow process by disturbing the bottom boundary, thereby achieving deceleration. The fluidized layer 8 is a key component of high-altitude long-range debris flows, giving the debris flow fluid-like properties with high kinetic and potential energy. By setting up multi-stage disturbance submerged dams along the transport path of the debris flow, the stable state of this fluidized layer 8 can be broken. When the debris flow passes through the disturbance submerged dams, the bottom material is disturbed and moves upward. This movement causes collisions between the materials inside the fluidized layer 8, breaking its original fluidized structure and causing a reverse flow phenomenon. This reverse flow effect can effectively reduce the speed and destructive force of the debris flow, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing geological disasters.

[0047] The method and application for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance includes the following steps:

[0048] Step S10: Obtain the path information of the mountain gullies through which the debris flow moves in the target area;

[0049] Optionally, path information refers to the specific path that the debris flow takes when flowing through the mountain gully, including parameters such as the direction, length, and width of the path. Obtaining path information is necessary to subsequently plan the placement of flow control and disturbance dams based on this information.

[0050] Preferably, the path information of the mountain gullies through which debris flows move in the target area is obtained through various means such as on-site surveys, drone aerial photography, and remote sensing technology, and then detailed topographic maps or digital models are drawn. This provides an accurate data foundation for the subsequent planning of flow control and disturbance dam placement.

[0051] Step S20: Based on the path information, and according to a preset interval, plan and determine the placement points of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams on the mountain gully; the flow control and disturbance dams include a base 1 and a disturbance flow 2;

[0052] Optionally, flow control dams are structures used to interfere with and control the flow of debris streams. The placement point refers to the specific location of the flow control dam on the mountain gully. By planning a reasonable placement point, it can be ensured that the flow control dam can effectively intercept and disperse the debris stream, reducing its impact on downstream areas.

[0053] Preferably, based on path information and preset intervals, several levels of flow control and disturbance dam placement points are planned and determined on the mountain gully. The interval settings need to comprehensively consider the flow rate and velocity of the debris flow, as well as the actual conditions of the mountain gully. This allows for a reasonable layout of the flow control and disturbance dams, improving the efficiency of debris flow control.

[0054] Step S30: The base 1 is fixedly installed below the ground at the arrangement point to support and stabilize the disturbing fluid 2;

[0055] Optionally, the foundation 1 serves as the supporting structure for the flow control and disturbance dam, responsible for bearing the weight of the disturbance fluid 2 and the impact force of the debris flow. The fixed installation of the foundation 1 ensures the stability and safety of the disturbance fluid 2, preventing it from shifting or collapsing under the impact of the debris flow.

[0056] In one possible implementation, a foundation pit is excavated below ground level at the placement point, the foundation body 1 is embedded in the pit, and it is secured using concrete or other suitable materials. The design of the foundation body 1 must meet sufficient load-bearing capacity and stability requirements. This foundation body 1 provides a reliable support and stabilization mechanism, ensuring the overall stability and safety of the flow control and disturbance dam.

[0057] Step S40: The turbulence-disrupting fluid 2 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base 1. The turbulence-disrupting fluid 2 adopts a horizontally extending multi-segment column structure, including two opposite and parallel bottom surfaces, a horizontal side surface, and a curved side surface, with the curved side surface located vertically above the horizontal side surface. The turbulence-disrupting fluid 2 consists of three continuous segments: a front turbulence-disrupting section 3, a middle turbulence-disrupting section 4, and a rear turbulence-disrupting section 5. Each segment is a column structure, and the elevation lines between each segment are continuous and consistent, with the elevation lines of each segment being vertical. The front disturbance part 3 intersects the axial vertical surface of the mountain gully, forming a first arc concave towards the downstream direction of the mountain gully. The middle disturbance part 4 intersects the axial vertical surface of the mountain gully, forming a second arc convex towards the vertical direction. The rear disturbance part 5 intersects the axial vertical surface of the mountain gully, forming a third arc concave towards the upstream direction of the mountain gully. The first arc is tangentially connected to the second arc, and the second arc is tangentially connected to the third arc.

[0058] Optionally, the disruptive flow 2 is the main structure of the flow control dam, which uses its specific shape and structural design to interfere with and control the flow of debris. The placement of the disruptive flow 2 can effectively intercept and disperse the debris flow, reducing its impact on downstream areas.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the disruptor 2 is mounted on the upper surface of the base 1 and secured using integral molding, welding, bolting, or other suitable fixing methods. The design of the disruptor 2 must meet the requirements of a multi-segment column structure, including two opposing and parallel bottom surfaces, a horizontal side surface, and a curved side surface. Each segment is a column structure with continuous and consistent elevation lines, forming a specific arc shape when intersecting the axial plumb surface of the mountain channel.

[0060] By fixing a specially designed turbulent fluid 2 on the upper surface of the base 1, the debris flow is effectively disturbed, thereby breaking the stable state of the fluidized layer 8, disturbing the bottom boundary, and interfering with the formation of the fluidized layer 8 during the movement of the debris flow, ultimately achieving the purpose of deceleration.

[0061] Specifically, the design of the turbulence-disrupting fluid 2 fully considers the flow characteristics and dynamic principles of debris flow. Its laterally extending multi-segmented columnar structure, particularly the design including a first arc concave downstream, a second arc convex upward, and a third arc concave upstream, causes the debris flow to be subjected to disturbance forces in multiple directions as it flows through the turbulence-disrupting fluid 2. These disturbance forces can disrupt the stable structure of the fluidized layer 8 inside the debris flow, triggering mutual collisions and rearrangement of the internal materials.

[0062] When the debris flow impacts the front turbulence section 3, its concave downstream first arc design creates an upward vortex, disturbing the bottom material and disrupting the continuity of the fluidized layer 8. Subsequently, the convex second arc of the middle turbulence section 4 further intensifies this disturbance, causing particles in the debris flow to collide more intensely and dissipate energy. Finally, the concave upstream third arc of the rear turbulence section 5 helps guide the debris flow upstream, creating a backflow and further disrupting the stability of the fluidized layer 8.

[0063] Through this series of carefully designed disturbances, the velocity and destructive force of the debris flow are effectively reduced. This deceleration and energy reduction effect is of great significance in geological disaster prevention and control, as it can significantly reduce the impact and damage of debris flows on downstream areas, thereby protecting the safety of people's lives and property.

[0064] In summary, through the ingeniously designed turbulence 2 structure, the fluidization layer 8 of the debris flow was effectively disturbed and disrupted, thereby achieving the technical effects of deceleration and reduction of destructive force.

[0065] Therefore, the high-level landslide debris flow control method and application based on bottom boundary disturbance in this embodiment of the invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0066] First, by planning and determining the placement points of flow control and disturbance dams at preset intervals on the mountain gullies, a reasonable layout of flow control and disturbance dams was achieved, improving the efficiency of debris flow control and effectively reducing the potential hazards of debris flow to downstream areas.

[0067] Secondly, by adopting the method of fixing the foundation 1 below the ground at the placement point to support the turbulent flow 2, a reliable support and stabilization mechanism is provided for the foundation 1, ensuring the overall stability and safety of the flow control and turbulence dam.

[0068] Furthermore, by fixing a specially designed turbulent fluid 2 on the upper surface of the base 1, effective disturbance of the debris flow is achieved. This causes the fluidized layer 8 at the bottom to move upwards to the non-fluidized layer 9, resulting in collisions between the internal materials of the fluidized layer 8 and achieving a reverse fluidization effect. This disrupts the stable state of the fluidized layer 8, interferes with the formation of the fluidized layer 8 during the debris flow process, and thus achieves the effects of deceleration and reduction of destructive force.

[0069] Finally, through the carefully designed structure of the turbulent flow 2, especially including the first arc concave to the downstream, the second arc convex to the upward, and the third arc concave to the upstream, the fluidization layer 8 inside the debris flow was effectively disturbed and destroyed, further reducing the movement speed and destructive force of the debris flow and improving the effect of preventing and controlling geological disasters.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the foundation 1 is fixedly installed below ground level at the placement point. This embodiment provides a specific method for fixing the foundation 1 below ground level at the placement point. This method is mainly applied in the layout technology of high-level landslide debris flow control and disturbance dams based on bottom boundary disturbance. Through this method, the foundation 1 can be effectively provided with stable support, and the overall stability and safety of the control and disturbance dam can be ensured. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0071] Step S31: Drill several pile foundation holes in the ground at the designated location and size, and install corresponding pile foundations 6 in each hole; the pile foundations 6 are made of reinforced concrete.

[0072] Optionally, the location and size of these pile foundation holes are determined comprehensively based on factors such as topography, geological conditions, and the expected impact force of debris flow to ensure that the pile foundations 6 can provide sufficient support. Subsequently, corresponding pile foundations 6 are installed in each hole. These pile foundations 6 are made of reinforced concrete, possessing high strength and durability, and can effectively withstand the impact force of debris flow and transfer these forces to deeper strata.

[0073] Preferably, specialized drilling equipment is used to drill holes at predetermined locations, with the hole diameter and depth determined according to design requirements. Then, concrete is poured into the holes and a reinforcing cage is inserted to form reinforced concrete pile foundations 6. By setting up reinforced concrete pile foundations 6, the load of the flow control dam can be effectively transferred to stable strata, improving the stability and safety of the flow control dam.

[0074] Step S32: A pile cap 7 of a predetermined shape and size is fixedly installed at the upper end of the pile foundation 6; the upper surface of the pile cap 7 is ensured to be horizontal, and the pile cap 7 is made of reinforced concrete.

[0075] Optionally, a pile cap 7 of a predetermined shape and size, such as a cuboid shape, is fixedly installed on the upper end of the pile foundation 6. The upper surface of the pile cap 7 is ensured to be horizontal to provide a stable support surface for the debris flow 2. The pile cap 7 is also constructed of reinforced concrete to ensure its strength and stability. In addition, the height of the pile cap 7 is designed to be greater than the depth of debris flow erosion to prevent the debris flow from directly impacting and damaging the pile cap 7 and the pile foundation 6.

[0076] As a key component connecting the pile foundation 6 and the debris flow 2, the pile cap 7 functions to distribute and transfer loads while protecting the pile foundation 6 from the direct impact of the debris flow. The height of the pile cap 7 is designed with the erosion depth of the debris flow in mind to ensure its effectiveness.

[0077] In one possible implementation, after the pile foundation 6 is poured, a pile cap 7 is constructed on its upper end. The shape and dimensions of the pile cap 7 are prefabricated or cast in place according to design requirements. The upper surface of the pile cap 7 is precisely constructed to ensure levelness to meet the installation requirements of the flow disturbance 2. By setting a reinforced concrete pile cap 7 of appropriate height and strength, the load of the flow control and disturbance dam can be effectively distributed and transferred to the pile foundation 6, and the pile foundation 6 can be protected from erosion and damage by debris flow.

[0078] Step S33: The pile foundation 6 and the pile cap 7 together form the foundation body 1.

[0079] Optionally, the pile foundation 6 and the pile cap 7 together form the foundation body 1. This foundation body 1 is an important component of the flow control and disturbance dam. It must not only withstand the weight of the disturbance flow 2 and the impact force of the debris flow, but also ensure the overall stability and safety of the flow control and disturbance dam.

[0080] Preferably, after the foundation 7 is constructed, a quality inspection is conducted to ensure its firm connection with the pile foundation 6. In this way, the pile foundation 6 and the foundation 7 together form a stable foundation structure 1 to support the flow disturbance 2. By combining the pile foundation 6 and the foundation 7 into a single foundation structure 1, the advantages of both can be utilized more effectively to resist the impact and erosion of debris flows. This combination improves the load-bearing capacity and stability of the flow control and disturbance dam.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the second arc is a teardrop-shaped curve.

[0082] Specifically, this embodiment provides a preferred design for the flow disturbance 2, wherein the second arc of the central flow disturbance 4 adopts a teardrop-shaped curve. Here, "teardrop-shaped curve" refers to a smooth, rounded curve that gradually tapers to a pointed tip, similar to the shape of a falling water droplet in nature. In this embodiment, this teardrop-shaped curve is applied to the central flow disturbance 4 of the flow disturbance 2, that is, the second arc convex towards the vertical direction formed when it intersects with the axial plumb surface of the mountain channel.

[0083] The use of a teardrop-shaped curve can more effectively guide the debris flow and generate stronger vortex and disturbance effects during the flow. The unique shape of the teardrop-shaped curve allows the velocity and direction of the debris flow to change continuously and smoothly as it passes through this area, thereby intensifying the collision and friction between debris particles and further disrupting the stability of the fluidized layer 8.

[0084] One possible implementation involves the following steps: First, based on a predetermined design and calculations, determine the specific parameters of the teardrop-shaped curve, including the curve's starting point, ending point, maximum convexity position, and overall smoothness. Then, during the manufacturing of the turbulence-disrupting fluid 2, employ a suitable process (such as mold forming) to precisely shape this teardrop-shaped curve. During installation, ensure that the central turbulence-disrupting section 4 of the turbulence-disrupting fluid 2 accurately corresponds to the designed teardrop-shaped curve and the mountain gully.

[0085] By employing a teardrop-shaped curve design in the central turbulence section 4, this embodiment further enhances the disturbance effect of the flow-control dam on the debris flow. Specifically, this design allows the debris flow to generate more complex flow patterns as it passes through the central turbulence section 4, including more vortices and turbulence, thereby more effectively breaking down the fluidization layer 8 of the debris flow and reducing its velocity and destructive force. Furthermore, the smooth transition of the teardrop-shaped curve also helps reduce the direct impact of the debris flow on the turbulence fluid 2, extending the service life of the turbulence fluid 2.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, the method and application for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance further includes: laying a steel plate structure on the curved side surface to increase the abrasion resistance of the curved side surface.

[0087] Specifically, this embodiment provides an optimized method and application for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance. The method involves laying a steel plate structure on the curved side surface of the disturbance fluid 2 to increase its resistance to abrasion.

[0088] During the debris flow control process, the curved side surface of the turbulent fluid 2 is directly subjected to the impact and erosion of high-speed flowing debris particles. To enhance the durability and service life of the turbulent fluid 2, it is necessary to improve the surface's resistance to abrasion. Therefore, this embodiment proposes an optimized measure of laying a steel plate structure on the curved side surface.

[0089] One possible implementation involves the following steps: First, a steel plate structure of appropriate shape and size is customized based on the shape and dimensions of the curved side surface of the debris flow 2. The thickness and material of the steel plate structure should be selected according to the actual operating environment and the expected impact force of the debris flow to ensure sufficient strength and wear resistance. Next, the steel plate structure undergoes necessary surface treatment, such as rust-proof coating, to improve its corrosion resistance. Then, the curved side surface of the debris flow 2 is pre-treated to ensure a smooth and clean surface, facilitating the installation of the steel plate structure. Finally, the steel plate structure is tightly laid on the curved side surface, and welding, bolting, or other suitable fixing methods can be used to firmly connect the steel plate structure to the debris flow 2.

[0090] By laying steel plate structures on the curved side surfaces of the turbulent fluid 2, the surface corrosion resistance of the turbulent fluid 2 is improved, thereby extending its service life. At the same time, it also enhances the structural stability of the turbulent fluid 2 and improves its control over debris flow.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment, the method and application for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance further includes: the horizontal dimensions of the front disturbance part 3, the middle disturbance part 4 and the rear disturbance part 5 are designed and configured in a ratio of 3:5:2 along the axial direction of the mountain channel.

[0092] Specifically, this embodiment provides a preferred arrangement method for a debris flow control and disturbance dam based on bottom boundary disturbance, wherein the horizontal dimensions of the front disturbance section 3, the middle disturbance section 4, and the rear disturbance section 5 are designed and configured in a ratio of 3:5:2 along the axial direction of the mountain channel. Here, "horizontal dimension" refers to the width or length of the disturbance section in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, the horizontal dimensions of the front disturbance section 3, the middle disturbance section 4, and the rear disturbance section 5 refer to their respective widths along the axial direction of the mountain channel.

[0093] The 3:5:2 ratio design is adopted to better adapt to the flow characteristics and dynamic principles of debris flow. The smaller size (3 parts) of the front disturbance section 3 helps guide the debris flow into the flow control and disturbance dam area, while the larger size (5 parts) of the middle disturbance section 4 provides a larger disturbance area, thereby more effectively breaking up the fluidization layer 8 of the debris flow. The smaller size (2 parts) of the rear disturbance section 5 helps guide the debris flow out smoothly, reducing backflow and vortex generation.

[0094] In this embodiment, a 3:5:2 ratio design achieves more precise and effective control of debris flow. The small size of the front disturbance section 3 allows the debris flow to smoothly enter the flow control dam area, reducing flow resistance; the large size of the middle disturbance section 4 provides a larger disturbance area, which can more effectively break down the fluidization layer 8 of the debris flow, reducing its velocity and destructive force; the small size of the rear disturbance section 5 helps guide the debris flow out smoothly, reducing unnecessary eddies and backflows. In summary, this embodiment, by adopting a specific 3:5:2 ratio design, further optimizes the arrangement method of the flow control dam, improves the efficiency and effectiveness of debris flow control, and provides a more precise and reliable technical means for the prevention and control of geological disasters.

[0095] In a preferred embodiment, the method and application for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance further includes: the radius dimensions of the first arc, the second arc, and the third arc are designed and configured in a ratio of 8:5:3.

[0096] Specifically, this embodiment illustrates an optimized method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance and its application. The radii of the first, second, and third arcs are designed and configured in an 8:5:3 ratio. The "first arc," "second arc," and "third arc" refer to the arc-shaped structural lines used in different parts of the flow control dam. These arcs play a crucial role in determining the shape and streamlines during the design and construction of the flow control dam. The radius refers to the curvature of these arcs, which directly affects the curvature of the arcs and the overall shape of the flow control dam.

[0097] The 8:5:3 radius design is intended to make the shape of the flow control dam more consistent with the dynamic characteristics of debris flow. The larger first arc radius (8 parts) helps guide the debris flow smoothly into the flow control dam area, reducing flow resistance and turbulence generation; the medium-sized second arc radius (5 parts) increases the disturbance of the debris flow within the dam body, helping to break its internal laminar structure; while the smaller third arc radius (3 parts) is designed to promote the accelerated discharge of the debris flow, preventing it from forming congestion or backflow behind the dam.

[0098] During the design phase, a baseline radius is first determined based on factors such as terrain conditions, the expected flow rate and velocity of debris flow. Then, the radii of the first, second, and third arcs are calculated in a ratio of 8:5:3.

[0099] During construction, the layout was carried out strictly according to the designed arc radius to ensure the shape and dimensions of the flow control and disturbance dam were accurate. Appropriate building materials and techniques were used to construct the flow control and disturbance dam according to the designed shape, ensuring its structural stability and smooth flow.

[0100] This embodiment of the flow control and disturbance dam, by employing an 8:5:3 ratio in its arc radius design, more effectively controls the movement of debris flow. The large-radius first arc reduces flow resistance at the inlet, the medium-radius second arc enhances the disturbance effect within the dam, and the small-radius third arc optimizes the outflow conditions downstream of the dam. This design not only improves the flow control efficiency of the flow control and disturbance dam but also reduces the scouring and wear of the dam body by debris flow, thereby extending the service life of the flow control and disturbance dam.

[0101] In a preferred embodiment, the method and application for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance further includes: the vertical height of the central disturbance part 4 is half of its horizontal dimension along the axial direction of the mountain channel. Figure 4 This application provides another schematic diagram of the principle structure of a flow control and disturbance dam. Table 1 shows the meaning and limitations of the characteristic parameters of each functional component of the flow control and disturbance dam provided in this application embodiment. Figure 4 As shown in Table 1:

[0102] Functional components Parameters and their meanings Parameter constraints Turbulent fluid 2 B1\B2\B3: Widths of different segments of the turbulence structure; R1 / R2 / R3: Radii of the curved surfaces of different segments of the turbulence structure; h: Height of the highest point of the turbulence structure; a / b: Tangent points when different arc segments meet. B1:B2:B3=3:5:2R1:R2:R3=8:5:32h=B2 Platform 7 H1: Height of foundation 7 Greater than the depth of disaster erosion Pile foundation 6 H2: Depth of pile foundation 6; B4: Longitudinal spacing of pile foundation 6 Design of the anti-overturning stability of the flow control and disturbance dam

[0103] Table 1

[0104] Specifically, the high-level landslide debris flow control method based on bottom boundary disturbance in this embodiment specifically defines the proportional relationship between the vertical height of the central disturbance section 4 and its horizontal dimension along the axial direction of the mountain channel. Here, "central disturbance section 4" refers to the part of the flow control dam that plays a major disturbance role, typically located in the middle or near the middle of the dam body. Its design purpose is to change the flow pattern of the debris flow and increase flow resistance, thereby achieving the effect of flow control. "Vertical height" refers to the vertical dimension of the central disturbance section 4, i.e., the distance from the bottom of the dam body to the top of the central disturbance section 4; "horizontal dimension" refers to the width of the central disturbance section 4.

[0105] The vertical height of the central disturbance section 4 is limited to half its horizontal dimension, based on in-depth research into the dynamic characteristics of debris flow and the needs of practical engineering applications. This proportional relationship ensures that the central disturbance section 4 generates appropriate disturbance when the debris flow passes through, neither too strong to cause damage to the dam body, nor too weak to achieve the expected flow control effect.

[0106] By using the proportional relationship described in this embodiment to design the flow disturbance section 4, the flow state of debris flow in the flow control and disturbance dam can be optimized, improving the flow control effect; reducing the scouring and wear of the dam body by debris flow, extending the service life of the flow control and disturbance dam; and improving the overall stability and safety of the flow control and disturbance dam.

[0107] In a preferred embodiment, the arrangement points of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and determined on the mountain gully according to a preset interval, including the following steps:

[0108] Step S201: Obtain the longitudinal slope data of the mountain gully;

[0109] Step S202: Based on the longitudinal gradient data, determine whether there is a section in the mountain gully that changes from gentle to steep.

[0110] Step S203: If so, exclude the section that changes from gentle to steep.

[0111] Step S204: On the selected mountain gully section, plan and determine the layout points of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams according to the preset interval distance.

[0112] Specifically, this embodiment provides a method for planning and determining the placement points of flow control and disturbance dams on mountain gullies. This method takes into account the longitudinal gradient characteristics of mountain gullies and excludes sections where the gradient gradually changes to a steep one, to ensure that the placement of flow control and disturbance dams is more scientific and reasonable. Here, "longitudinal gradient" refers to the rate of change of the bottom elevation of the gully along the direction of water flow, that is, the vertical drop per unit length of the gully.

[0113] When designing flow control and disturbance dams in mountain gullies, the longitudinal gradient of the gully must be considered. Sections where the flow rate gradually increases to a steeper gradient exhibit high velocity and strong scouring force. Designating flow control and disturbance dams in such sections can easily damage the dam structure and reduce its service life. Therefore, avoiding these unfavorable sections when designing flow control and disturbance dams can improve their stability and service life.

[0114] One possible implementation involves the following steps:

[0115] First, topographic surveying or remote sensing techniques are used to obtain the longitudinal gradient data of the mountain gullies. This data reflects the slope changes along the gullies and forms the basis for subsequent analysis.

[0116] Then, based on the acquired longitudinal gradient data, it is determined whether there are sections in the mountain valley that transition from gentle to steep. This can be achieved by analyzing abrupt changes in the gradient data or by using relevant algorithms to identify areas of drastic slope changes.

[0117] Secondly, if sections where the flow gradually steepens are identified, these sections should be excluded from the design considerations for flow control and disturbance dams. This is because the hydrodynamic conditions in these sections are complex and unfavorable for the long-term stable operation of flow control and disturbance dams.

[0118] Finally, after eliminating sections where the slope gradually steepens, suitable mountain gully sections were selected. Within these sections, several levels of flow control and disturbance dams were planned and their locations determined according to a pre-set interval (this interval can be adjusted based on actual conditions to ensure the distribution of the dams is neither too dense nor too sparse). The placement of these dams should comprehensively consider factors such as water flow conditions, topography, and dam stability.

[0119] The method provided in this embodiment enables a more scientific planning and determination of the placement points for flow-controlling and disturbance dams in mountain gullies. This method not only considers the longitudinal gradient characteristics of the gully but also deliberately avoids sections where the slope gradually transitions to a steeper gradient, thereby effectively improving the stability and service life of the flow-controlling and disturbance dams. Furthermore, by selecting appropriate placement points, flow conditions can be optimized, reducing the scouring and destructive effects of water flow on the dam body, further enhancing the flow control effect of the flow-controlling and disturbance dams.

[0120] In a preferred embodiment, the arrangement points of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and determined on the mountain gully according to a preset interval, including the following steps:

[0121] Step Q201: Obtain the width and curvature data of the mountain gully. This can be done, for example, through on-site measurement or remote sensing technology.

[0122] Step Q202: Based on the width data, determine whether there is a section in the mountain gully that widens from narrow; if so, prioritize selecting this section. This is because the flow conditions in these sections are more conducive to the stability and effectiveness of the flow control dam.

[0123] Step Q203: Based on the curvature data, determine whether there are straight sections in the mountain gully; if so, prioritize the selection of straight sections in the mountain gully. This is because the water flow in a straight gully is relatively stable, which is conducive to the effectiveness of the flow control and disturbance dam.

[0124] Step Q204: On the selected mountain gully section, plan and determine the placement points of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams according to the preset intervals. These intervals can be adjusted according to actual conditions to ensure the rationality of the flow control and disturbance dam distribution.

[0125] Specifically, the method provided in this embodiment comprehensively considers the width variation and curvature of the channel to optimize the layout and effect of the flow control and disturbance dam. Among them, "width data" refers to the width measurement value of the channel at different locations, reflecting the width variation of the channel; "curvature data" describes the curvature of the channel, that is, the curvature or turning angle of the channel centerline.

[0126] The width and curvature of mountain channels significantly affect water flow. Sections that widen from narrow typically experience reduced flow velocity, which is beneficial for the stable operation of flow control dams and sediment deposition. Conversely, straight sections of the channel exhibit relatively stable flow, which also facilitates the placement and effectiveness of flow control dams. Therefore, this embodiment optimizes the placement of flow control dams by comprehensively considering both factors.

[0127] The method provided in this embodiment enables a more scientific selection of the placement points for flow control and disturbance dams, taking into account the influence of variations in the width and curvature of mountain channels on the flow state. By prioritizing the placement of dams in sections where the channel widens and becomes straighter, the stability and flow control effect of the flow control and disturbance dams can be improved. Furthermore, a reasonable selection of placement points can reduce the scouring and destructive effects of water flow on the dam body, extending the service life of the flow control and disturbance dams.

[0128] In a preferred embodiment, the arrangement points of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and determined on the mountain gully according to a preset interval, including the following steps:

[0129] Step C201: Obtain the stratigraphic structure distribution data of the mountain gully. This can be done, for example, through geological exploration or geophysical surveys. This data includes key information such as the lithology, thickness, and distribution range of the strata, providing an important basis for subsequent site selection.

[0130] Step C202: Based on the geological structure distribution data, determine whether there are bedrock strata sections in the mountain gully; if so, prioritize selecting the bedrock strata section of the mountain gully. The stability and high bearing capacity of the bedrock strata can ensure the safe operation of the flow control and disturbance dam.

[0131] Step C203: On the selected mountain gully section, plan and determine the placement points of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams according to the preset intervals. The intervals can be adjusted according to the actual situation and engineering design requirements; these placement points should fully consider the terrain, water flow conditions, and the functional requirements of the flow control and disturbance dams.

[0132] Specifically, this embodiment provides a method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance, and applies geological structure distribution data of mountain channels to plan and determine the placement points of flow-controlling and disturbance dams, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the flow-controlling and disturbance dams. Here, "geological structure distribution data" refers to data on the composition and characteristics of the strata beneath the mountain channels, including lithology, thickness, and distribution; "bedrock strata section" refers to strata composed of hard rock, which typically have high bearing capacity and stability.

[0133] The geological structure of mountain gullies has a significant impact on the stability and safety of flow control dams. Bedrock sections, due to their hardness and high bearing capacity, provide a stable foundation for flow control dams, reducing the risk of dam instability caused by foundation instability. Therefore, this embodiment prioritizes bedrock sections when planning the layout of flow control dams.

[0134] The method provided in this embodiment ensures that the flow control and disturbance dam is arranged on stable bedrock strata with high bearing capacity, thereby significantly improving the stability and safety of the dam. By prioritizing the arrangement of bedrock strata sections, the risk of dam damage due to foundation problems can be reduced, and the service life of the flow control and disturbance dam can be extended.

[0135] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance, characterized in that, include: Obtain path information of the mountain gullies through which the debris flow moves in the target area; Based on the path information, and at preset intervals, several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and positioned on the mountain gully; each flow control and disturbance dam includes a foundation and a disturbance flow. The foundation is fixedly installed below the ground at the arrangement point to support and stabilize the turbulent water. The turbulence-disrupting fluid is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base. The turbulence-disrupting fluid adopts a horizontally extending multi-segment column structure, including two opposite and parallel bottom surfaces, a horizontal side surface, and a curved side surface. The curved side surface is located vertically above the horizontal side surface. The turbulence-disrupting fluid consists of three continuous sections: a front turbulence section, a middle turbulence section, and a rear turbulence section. Each section is a column structure, and the elevation lines between each section are continuous and consistent. The elevation lines of each section are perpendicular to the axial vertical plane of the mountain channel. When the front turbulence section intersects with the axial vertical plane of the mountain channel, it forms a first arc concave towards the downstream direction of the mountain channel. When the middle turbulence section intersects with the axial vertical plane of the mountain channel, it forms a second arc convex towards the upward direction of the vertical plane. When the rear turbulence section intersects with the axial vertical plane of the mountain channel, it forms a third arc concave towards the upstream direction of the mountain channel. The first arc is tangentially connected to the second arc, and the second arc is tangentially connected to the third arc.

2. The method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The foundation is fixedly installed below ground level at the designated location, including: At the designated location, several pile foundation holes are drilled in the ground according to predetermined positions and dimensions, and corresponding pile foundations are installed in each hole; the pile foundations are made of reinforced concrete. At the upper end of the pile foundation, a pile cap of a predetermined shape and size is fixedly installed; the upper surface of the pile cap is ensured to be horizontal, and the pile cap is made of reinforced concrete. The pile foundation and the pile cap together form the foundation body.

3. The method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the fact that the second arc adopts a teardrop-shaped curve.

4. The method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A steel plate structure is laid on the curved side surface to increase its resistance to abrasion.

5. The method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Along the axial direction of the mountain gully, the horizontal dimensions of the front spoiler, the middle spoiler, and the rear spoiler are designed and configured in a ratio of 3:5:

2.

6. The method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The radii of the first arc, the second arc, and the third arc are designed and configured in a ratio of 8:5:

3.

7. The method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The vertical height of the central disturbance part is half of its horizontal dimension along the axial direction of the mountain channel.

8. The method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance according to claim 1, characterized in that, According to a preset interval, several levels of flow control and disturbance dam placement points are planned and determined on the mountain gully, including: Obtain the longitudinal slope data of the mountain gully; Based on the longitudinal gradient data, determine whether the mountain gully has a section that changes from gentle to steep. If so, then exclude the section that transitions from gentle to steep. In the selected mountain gully section, the locations of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and determined according to the preset intervals.

9. A method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, According to a preset interval, several levels of flow control and disturbance dam placement points are planned and determined on the mountain gully, including: Obtain the width and curvature data of the mountain gully; Based on the width data, determine whether there is a section in the mountain gully that changes from narrow to wide; if so, prioritize selecting the section in the mountain gully that changes from narrow to wide. Based on the curvature data, determine whether there are straight sections in the mountain gully; if so, select the straight sections of the mountain gully first. In the selected mountain gully section, the locations of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and determined according to the preset intervals.

10. A method for controlling debris flow in high-altitude landslides based on bottom boundary disturbance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, According to a preset interval, several levels of flow control and disturbance dam placement points are planned and determined on the mountain gully, including: Obtain the stratigraphic structure distribution data of the mountain gullies; Based on the stratigraphic distribution data, determine whether there are bedrock stratigraphic sections in the mountain gully; if so, prioritize the bedrock stratigraphic sections in the mountain gully. In the selected mountain gully section, the locations of several levels of flow control and disturbance dams are planned and determined according to the preset intervals.

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