Automated photocatalytic test device and test method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automated photocatalytic test device and test method, wherein the test method comprises the following steps: under strong light conditions, the first relay is closed, the peristaltic pump starts to operate, the photocatalytic reaction is run, and the first stage of the photocatalytic test is completed; if the light source condition becomes weak light, the first relay is disconnected, and the first relay is closed again after the light source meets the strong light condition; at the end of the first stage, the first relay is disconnected, the second relay is closed, the peristaltic pump and the electromagnet start to operate, the peristaltic pump extracts the solution in the catalytic tank to the secondary sample tank, and the electromagnet fixes the catalyst in the catalytic tank, and the second stage of the photocatalytic test is completed; the uranium concentration in the secondary sample tank is measured online, and after reaching the preset standard, the uranium element is eluted by controlling the elution device, and the third stage of the photocatalytic test is completed. The present invention realizes the automatic control of photocatalysis, and the automated device improves the photocatalytic efficiency of extracting uranium from seawater compared to manual work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of photocatalytic testing, and in particular relates to an automated photocatalytic testing device and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] Automation devices have become a key element in modern life and work. They perform tasks by simulating or replacing manual operations, aiming to improve efficiency, reduce errors, reduce costs and enhance safety. These technologies are widely used in smart home devices and industrial fields.

[0003] The core components of automation systems include sensors, actuators, controllers, and communication networks. With the integration of the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and machine learning technologies, automation devices are becoming more intelligent, able to learn autonomously, adapt to the environment, and make decisions, which not only improves production efficiency, but also opens up new ways for personalized services and customized production.

[0004] Raspberry Pi is a small computer developed by the Raspberry Pi Foundation in the UK. It is often used in a variety of application scenarios such as education, DIY projects, media centers, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, etc.

[0005] The core of the Raspberry Pi is an ARM architecture processor, which provides multiple general-purpose input and output pins that can be used to connect various sensors, actuators and other electronic devices to achieve hardware control. The operating system of the Raspberry Pi is usually a Linux distribution, such as Raspbian, which provides a wealth of software packages and tools that enable users to easily develop software and program hardware.

[0006] Raspberry Pi is small in size, low in power consumption, but powerful, and supports multiple programming languages, such as Python, C++, Java, etc., which makes it an ideal platform for learning programming and electronic engineering. In addition, Raspberry Pi has an active community that provides a large number of tutorials, projects and support to help users solve problems they encounter.

[0007] Uranium is mainly present in the form of uranyl carbonate ([UO2(CO3)3] 4- ) exists in the solution in the form of uranium. The extraction methods of uranium include adsorption, solvent extraction, membrane separation, ion exchange, chemical precipitation, etc.

[0008] Photocatalytic materials can effectively utilize cost-free sunlight, and are therefore widely used in scientific research and production activities. At present, it is not possible to directly and accurately measure the concentration of uranium in the solution online during the photocatalytic reaction of uranium. Usually, batch processing is used to analyze the solution with analytical instruments, and the concentration change of uranium is monitored by testing the solution at different time points. Only when the concentrations tend to be consistent after several consecutive measurements can it be confirmed that the photocatalytic process has been completed. This requires a lot of manpower and material resources, and the photocatalytic efficiency of uranium is not high.

[0009] Therefore, it is urgent to propose an automated photocatalytic test device and test method to improve the photocatalytic efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an automated photocatalytic test device and test method to solve the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automated photocatalytic test device, comprising: a test device and an elution device;

[0012] The test device includes a Raspberry Pi, a photoresistor, a first relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump, and a second relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump;

[0013] Two pins of the Raspberry Pi are connected to a first relay and a second relay respectively, and the first relay and the second relay are connected to corresponding peristaltic pumps respectively to control the operation of the peristaltic pumps; a photoresistor is fixed at the light source, and one pin of the Raspberry Pi is connected to the photoresistor to control the opening and closing of the first relay and the second relay according to the feedback signal of the photoresistor;

[0014] The elution device includes a Raspberry Pi, a third relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump, a fourth relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump, a fifth relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump, and a magnetic stirrer;

[0015] Four pins of the Raspberry Pi are respectively connected to the third relay, the fourth relay, the fifth relay and the sixth relay, which are respectively connected to corresponding peristaltic pumps to control the operation of the peristaltic pumps. The sixth relay controls the operation of the magnetic stirrer.

[0016] Optionally, the test device further comprises an electromagnet connected to the second relay, and the catalyst is fixed in the catalyst tank based on the control of the electromagnet by the second relay.

[0017] Optionally, the elution device further includes a magnetic stirrer, and one of the pins of the Raspberry Pi is connected to a sixth relay, which controls the switch of the magnetic stirrer to control the stirring of the catalyst in the catalytic tank.

[0018] The present invention also provides an automated photocatalytic test method, based on an automated photocatalytic test device, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Under strong light conditions, the first relay is closed, the connected peristaltic pump starts to run, the photocatalytic reaction is carried out, and the first stage of the photocatalytic test is completed; during the first stage, if the light source becomes weak, the first relay is disconnected, and the first relay is closed again after the strong light conditions are met.

[0020] In the second stage, the first relay is disconnected, the second relay is closed, and the connected peristaltic pump and electromagnet start to operate. The peristaltic pump pumps the solution in the catalyst tank to the secondary sample tank, and the electromagnet fixes the catalyst in the catalyst tank, completing the second stage of the photocatalytic test.

[0021] The uranium concentration in the secondary sample tank is measured online. Once it reaches the preset standard, the uranium element is eluted by controlling the elution device to complete the third stage of the photocatalytic test.

[0022] Optionally, the operation process of the first stage of the photocatalytic test includes: when the photoresistor detects strong light, the first relay is closed, and the corresponding peristaltic pump operates in the primary sample pool and the catalytic tank to perform a photocatalytic reaction; when weak light is detected, the first relay is disconnected and the photocatalytic reaction stops.

[0023] Optionally, the process of controlling the elution device to elute the uranium element includes: closing the sixth relay, turning on the magnetic stirrer connected thereto, closing the third relay, operating the corresponding peristaltic pump, starting the electromagnet to fix the photocatalyst, and pumping the eluent into the catalyst tank; disconnecting the third relay, closing the fifth relay, operating the corresponding peristaltic pump, and pumping the solution in the catalyst tank out; disconnecting the fifth relay, closing the fourth relay, operating the corresponding peristaltic pump, and pumping deionized water into the catalyst tank, disconnecting the fourth relay after reaching a preset pumping amount, using deionized water to elute the catalyst, closing the fifth relay, and pumping out the deionized water; repeating the above operation process three times until the elution of the uranium element is completed and all relays are disconnected.

[0024] Optionally, the eluent is acidic, including but not limited to nitric acid eluent and sulfuric acid eluent.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0026] (1) The present invention realizes the automatic control of photocatalysis, which is upgraded from the previous manual batch processing method to automated illumination, operation, elution and element collection.

[0027] (2) Compared with manual work, the automated device improves the photocatalytic efficiency of uranium extraction from seawater. Currently, uranium-containing wastewater treatment and uranium extraction from seawater have not yet been fully industrialized. This invention can provide a new direction for the future industrialization of uranium-containing wastewater treatment and uranium extraction from seawater. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a photocatalytic test process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first stage operation of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second stage operation of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third stage operation of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the efficiency of the magnetic photocatalyst for extracting uranium from seawater in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0036] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an automated photocatalytic test device, including: a test device and an elution device;

[0039] The test device includes a Raspberry Pi, a photoresistor, a first relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump, and a second relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump;

[0040] Two pins of the Raspberry Pi are connected to a first relay and a second relay respectively, and the first relay and the second relay are connected to corresponding peristaltic pumps respectively to control the operation of the peristaltic pumps; a photoresistor is fixed at the light source, and one pin of the Raspberry Pi is connected to the photoresistor to control the opening and closing of the first relay and the second relay according to the feedback signal of the photoresistor;

[0041] The elution device includes a Raspberry Pi, a third relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump, a fourth relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump, a fifth relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump, and a sixth relay and a correspondingly controlled magnetic stirrer;

[0042] Four pins of the Raspberry Pi are connected to the third relay, the fourth relay, the fifth relay and the sixth relay respectively, and the third relay, the fourth relay and the fifth relay are connected to the corresponding peristaltic pumps respectively to control the operation of the peristaltic pumps. The sixth relay controls the operation of the magnetic stirrer

[0043] Optionally, the test device further comprises an electromagnet connected to the second relay, and the catalyst is fixed in the catalyst tank based on the control of the electromagnet by the second relay.

[0044] Optionally, the elution device further includes a magnetic stirrer, one of the pins of the Raspberry Pi is connected to a sixth relay, and the sixth relay is connected to the magnetic stirrer for controlling the stirring of the catalyst in the catalytic tank.

[0045] The present invention also provides an automated photocatalytic test method, based on an automated photocatalytic test device, comprising the following steps:

[0046] (1) Use Python to control a photoresistor and two relays through the GPIO pins of the Raspberry Pi. The script uses the RPi.GPIO library to set the GPIO mode and pins, and the tkinter library to create a simple graphical user interface (GUI).

[0047] (2) The core functions and processes are as follows: A script written in Python uses the GPIO pins of the Raspberry Pi to control the photoresistor and two relays. The script includes GPIO settings, global variable definitions, photosensitive detection and relay control, standby mode, first-stage program, second-stage program, main program UI design, main loop and cleanup functions. Its design purpose is to realize a simple automated control system that controls the switching of relays through photoresistors. Users can start and stop the program and set the delay time through the GUI interface.

[0048] (3) In this program, the first stage is to control the switch state of the first relay according to the light intensity detected by the photoresistor. When strong light is detected, the photocatalytic system starts to operate; when weak light is detected, the photocatalytic system stops. At the same time, the program will monitor the first stage delay time set by the user, and when the delay time ends, the second stage will be started.

[0049] The main function of the second stage is to control the switch state of the exhaust system. After the first stage, the program will start the exhaust system according to the delay time set by the user, and then exhaust the system after the delay time. After the second stage is completed, the program will enter standby mode. The purpose of this script is to control the switch of the relay through the photoresistor to realize a simple automatic control system. Users can start and stop the program and set the delay time through the GUI interface.

[0050] Specifically, in the first and second stages of the photocatalytic reaction, the two pins of the Raspberry Pi are connected to the first relay and the second relay respectively. The switch state of the relay is controlled by outputting high and low levels. The relay is connected to the power supply side of the peristaltic pump and the electromagnet. When the relay is closed, the peristaltic pump power is connected and the peristaltic pump starts to run. When the relay is disconnected, the power is disconnected and the peristaltic pump stops working. One pin of the Raspberry Pi is connected to the photoresistor. The Raspberry Pi controls the opening and closing of the two relays according to the signal sent back by the photoresistor. One of the relays also controls the switch of the electromagnet. When the relay is closed, the electromagnet is turned on, and when the relay is disconnected, the electromagnet is turned off.

[0051] The first relay mainly controls the peristaltic pump in the photoreaction stage. When the relay is closed, the corresponding peristaltic pump starts to run and the photocatalytic reaction starts to run. When the relay is disconnected, the peristaltic pump stops and the photocatalysis stops. The second relay controls the second stage. When the relay is closed, the peristaltic pump and the electromagnet are powered on, the peristaltic pump starts to run, and the solution in the catalyst tank is pumped out. At the same time, the electromagnet is turned on to fix the catalyst in the catalyst tank. After the second stage is over, the second relay is disconnected, the corresponding peristaltic pump stops, and the electromagnet is turned off.

[0052] (4) After the above system is finished, the third stage, the uranium elution stage, can be run. Use a peristaltic pump to inject an acidic elution solution, such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, etc., into the catalyst tank, turn on the magnetic stirrer, start the electromagnet to fix the photocatalyst after a period of time, and discharge the elution solution into the collection tank. Then replace the elution solution with deionized water, continue to run the elution program for more than 3 times, and finally completely discharge the solution, leaving the catalyst in the catalyst tank, and turn off the electromagnet to prepare for the next photocatalytic reaction.

[0053] Specifically, the third relay, the fourth relay, the fifth relay, and the sixth relay mainly control the third stage system. The Raspberry Pi controls these three relays through 4 pins. When the third relay is closed, the corresponding peristaltic pump is powered on to pump the eluent into the catalyst tank. When the third relay is disconnected, the corresponding peristaltic pump is disconnected from the power supply and stops pumping the eluent. When the fifth relay is closed, the corresponding peristaltic pump is powered on to pump out the solution in the catalyst tank. When the fifth relay is disconnected, the peristaltic pump is disconnected from the power supply and stops working. When the fourth relay is closed, the corresponding peristaltic pump is powered on to pump deionized water into the catalyst tank. When the fourth relay is disconnected, the corresponding peristaltic pump stops working. During this process, the sixth relay is always closed and the magnetic stirrer is always on to achieve the effect of catalyst stirring and control. Disconnect all relays after the third stage.

[0054] Equipment and instruments used

[0055] The pins of the Raspberry Pi are connected to the corresponding relays and photoresistors, and the signal sent back by the photoresistors controls the switch of the relays, which in turn control the corresponding peristaltic pumps, electromagnets, and magnetic stirrers. Table 1 shows the main materials and instruments used in this embodiment.

[0056] Table 1

[0057]

[0058] Use the pins of Raspberry Pi to connect the electromagnet, relay and photoresistor. The relay is connected to the peristaltic pump, electromagnet and magnetic stirrer. The photoresistor is fixed at the light source. The signal sent back by the photoresistor controls the relay, which controls the switches of the peristaltic pump, electromagnet and magnetic stirrer.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] This embodiment provides an automated photocatalytic test method, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Connect the relay controlled by the Raspberry Pi to the peristaltic pump, and place the photoresistor outside the light source to control the operation of the entire device;

[0062] After setting the time on the Raspberry Pi, place the magnetic catalyst in the catalyst tank, connect the peristaltic pump to each tank, and place the light source in the catalyst tank.

[0063] After the device is ready, turn on the light source, and the Raspberry Pi starts running according to the written program. In the first stage of the program, the seawater sample in the primary tank flows into the catalytic tank, and the photoreaction begins. The photocatalyst is fully contacted with the uranium-containing solution under the stirring of the magnetic stirrer. Under strong light conditions, the electrons in the catalyst are excited by photons and overflow from the catalyst surface, reacting with the hexavalent uranium in the solution, reducing it to tetravalent uranium, and adsorbing on the catalyst surface in the form of uranium oxide.

[0064] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first stage operation.

[0065] After the set time is over, the second stage program starts, the electromagnet under the catalyst tank is started, the magnetic catalyst is fixed in the catalyst tank, and the solution in the catalyst tank flows into the secondary sample tank. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second stage operation.

[0066] At the same time, the uranium concentration in the secondary sample tank is measured online, and the experiment is terminated when it reaches the standard.

[0067] After the above system is finished, the third stage, the uranium element elution stage, can be run. Use a peristaltic pump to inject an acidic elution solution, such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, etc., into the catalytic tank, turn on the magnetic stirrer, and start discharging the elution solution into the collection pool after a period of time. Then, replace the elution solution with its ion water, continue to run the elution program for more than 3 times, and finally completely discharge the solution, leaving the catalyst in the catalytic tank, turn off the magnetic stirrer to release the photocatalyst for the next photocatalytic reaction. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third stage operation.

[0068] Figure 6 This is an experimental efficiency diagram of the device for uranium photocatalytic reduction. In this experiment, TiO2 / g-C3N4 composite magnetic material was used as a photocatalyst, and finely filtered seawater was used to test the efficiency of the catalytic material. The results showed that under the action of the photocatalytic reaction, the uranium concentration in the seawater dropped significantly to 76% of the original concentration. This achievement not only proves the effectiveness of the catalytic material in the process of extracting uranium from seawater, but also highlights the potential of the device in practical applications. This environmentally friendly and efficient method of extracting uranium can provide a sustainable way to obtain uranium resources.

[0069] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and can also be applied to uranium-containing wastewater treatment, uranium extraction from salt lakes and other sewage treatment processes. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A test method based on an automated photocatalytic test device, characterized in that: The automated photocatalytic testing device comprises: a testing device and an elution device; The test device includes a Raspberry Pi, a photoresistor, a first relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump, and a second relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump; Two pins of the Raspberry Pi are connected to a first relay and a second relay respectively, and the first relay and the second relay are connected to corresponding peristaltic pumps respectively to control the operation of the peristaltic pumps; a photoresistor is fixed at the light source, and one pin of the Raspberry Pi is connected to the photoresistor to control the opening and closing of the first relay and the second relay according to the feedback signal of the photoresistor; The elution device includes a Raspberry Pi, a third relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump, a fourth relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump, a fifth relay and a correspondingly controlled peristaltic pump, and a sixth relay and a correspondingly controlled magnetic stirrer; Four pins of the Raspberry Pi are respectively connected to a third relay, a fourth relay, a fifth relay and a sixth relay, the third relay, the fourth relay and the fifth relay are respectively connected to corresponding peristaltic pumps to control the operation of the peristaltic pumps, and the sixth relay controls the switch of the magnetic stirrer; The test method comprises the following steps: Under strong light conditions, the first relay is closed, and the connected peristaltic pump starts to operate, running the photocatalytic reaction, completing the first stage of the photocatalytic test; After the first stage is completed, the first relay is disconnected, the second relay is closed, and the connected peristaltic pump and electromagnet start to operate. The peristaltic pump pumps the solution in the catalyst tank to the secondary sample tank, and the electromagnet fixes the catalyst in the catalyst tank, completing the second stage of the photocatalytic test; The uranium concentration in the secondary sample tank is measured online. When it reaches the preset standard, the uranium element is eluted by controlling the elution device to complete the third stage of the photocatalytic test; The process of controlling the elution device to elute the uranium element includes: closing the sixth relay, turning on the magnetic stirrer connected to the catalytic tank, closing the third relay, operating the corresponding peristaltic pump, and pumping the eluent into the catalytic tank; disconnecting the third relay, closing the fifth relay, operating the corresponding peristaltic pump, starting the electromagnet to fix the photocatalyst, and pumping the solution in the catalytic tank; disconnecting the fifth relay, closing the fourth relay, operating the corresponding peristaltic pump, pumping deionized water into the catalytic tank, disconnecting the fourth relay after reaching a preset pumping amount, eluting the catalyst with deionized water, closing the fifth relay, and pumping out the deionized water; repeating the elution process three times until the elution of the uranium element is completed, and disconnecting all relays after completion; The eluent is acidic, including nitric acid eluent and sulfuric acid eluent.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The test device also includes an electromagnet connected to the second relay, and the catalyst is fixed in the catalyst tank based on the control of the electromagnet by the second relay.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The elution device also includes a magnetic stirrer. One of the pins of the Raspberry Pi is connected to a sixth relay, and the sixth relay controls the magnetic stirrer to control the stirring of the catalyst in the catalytic tank.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation process of the first stage of the photocatalytic test includes: when the photoresistor detects strong light, the first relay is closed, and the corresponding peristaltic pump operates in the primary sample pool and the catalytic tank to carry out the photocatalytic reaction; when weak light is detected, the first relay is disconnected, and the first relay is closed again after waiting for the light source to meet the strong light condition.

Images