Dynamic disaster test system and method for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and bursting

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a dynamic disaster test system and method for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking a river and bursting, wherein the dynamic disaster test system for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking a river and bursting includes a three-dimensional scanning system, a landslide test system, a watershed simulation system, a water supply system and a numerical control system; the whole process of the disaster chain of accumulation formation, seepage deformation, breach evolution and dam burst flood evolution of the high-level landslide moraine dam is simulated by the landslide test system, the watershed simulation system and the water supply system, and high-definition images and data of the formation and bursting of the high-level landslide moraine dam are obtained by the three-dimensional scanning system, and then the accumulation of soil-rock-ice mixture into dams and the seepage dam bursting process are three-dimensionally reconstructed by the numerical control system, revealing the development and evolution law and dynamic mechanism of the breach of the high-level landslide moraine dam, and realizing the full three-dimensional dynamic visualization and digital representation of the dam formation and bursting cascade disasters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of geological disasters and environmental water conservancy technology, and in particular to a dynamic disaster test system and method for simulating high-position landslide moraine dam river blocking and bursting. Background Art

[0002] High-level landslide moraine dam refers to a natural dam formed by the high-altitude and extremely high-altitude mountainous areas where ice and rock masses become unstable and start to slide, flowing into the river at high speed and blocking the river channel. It has diverse materials, loose structure, strong permeability, poor stability, and fast bursting speed. In the high mountain and canyon areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in my country, strong geological tectonic activities and extreme climate lead to frequent ice and rock collapse disasters, forming ice and snow type composite chain disasters such as high-level landslides-debris flows-moraine dams-burst mountain torrents. Large-scale high-level landslides can reach a volume of hundreds of millions of cubic meters, blocking the river to form moraine dams hundreds of meters high. The dam body is mainly composed of a loose mixture of soil, stone, and ice, with poor stability, and is very different from the material composition and spatial structure of common landslide dams. With the increase of backwater reservoir capacity, moraine dams gradually break and destroy due to seepage erosion or overflow erosion, forming sudden floods, which seriously endanger the downstream ecological environment and personnel safety, and cause huge losses to engineering construction and people's economic property.

[0003] At present, the research of scholars at home and abroad mainly focuses on the failure mode, process, mechanism, and flood evolution of barrier dams. Due to the difficulty in obtaining on-site monitoring data, model experiments have become an important means to reproduce landslide movement and river blockage failure. However, the current model test does not consider the influence of ice debris composition and its phase change process on the evolution of the mechanical properties of the dam body, the influence of factors such as river valley morphology and water flow conditions on dam failure, and cannot intuitively characterize the changes in the internal spatial structure of the dam body, cannot observe the mutual feedback process between ice, rock and soil, and cannot digitize and visualize the whole process of rock and soil migration and fracture surface expansion during the seepage deformation of the dam body.

[0004] With the development of industrial CT, it has become possible to digitize and visualize the entire process of formation and breach evolution of high-altitude landslide moraine dams, providing technical support for the formation and breach mechanism of moraine dams, safety assessment, hazard analysis and the establishment of disaster prevention and control systems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a dynamic disaster test system and method for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and bursting, so as to solve the problem that the prior art cannot realize the digitization and visualization of the whole process of high-level landslide moraine dam formation and bursting evolution.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, a dynamic disaster test system for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and bursting is provided, including a three-dimensional scanning system, a landslide test system, a watershed simulation system, a water supply system and a numerical control system; the three-dimensional scanning system is used to perform three-dimensional scanning and reconstruction of the entire process of high-level landslide movement causing ice and rock sliding bodies to block the river channel to form a high-level landslide moraine dam and the bursting of the high-level landslide moraine dam, and obtain the internal structure change data of the high-level landslide moraine dam; the landslide test system is used to simulate Under the conditions of a simulated strong earthquake, the movement of a high-level landslide causes the ice-rock sliding body to block the river channel to form a high-level landslide moraine dam; the basin simulation system has a river channel, which is used to simulate the entire process of the disaster chain of seepage deformation, breach evolution and dam breach flood evolution of the high-level landslide moraine dam after the ice-rock sliding body blocks the river channel to form a high-level landslide moraine dam; the water supply system is used to supply water to the river channel; the numerical control system is used to receive and process the data obtained by the three-dimensional scanning system to realize the three-dimensional digital reconstruction of the entire process of the formation and breach of the high-level landslide moraine dam.

[0007] Optionally, the three-dimensional scanning system includes an X-ray source, a detector, a turntable vertical frame and a camera, the vertical frame is slidably connected to the top of the turntable, and the vertical frame can move circumferentially along the landslide test system and the watershed simulation system; the X-ray source and the detector are relatively arranged on the vertical frame and can move along the height direction of the vertical frame; wherein the landslide test system and the watershed simulation system are both located between the X-ray source and the detector; the camera is installed above the X-ray source.

[0008] Optionally, an annular slide rail is provided above the turntable, and the landslide test system and the watershed simulation system are both located inside the annular slide rail. The vertical frame includes two slide bars arranged at intervals and a cross bar connected between the two slide bars, wherein one end of each slide bar away from the cross bar is slidably installed on the annular slide rail.

[0009] Optionally, the landslide test system includes a pressure regulator, an ice-rock slide and a chute, wherein the chute is inclined above the river channel, wherein the ice-rock slide is arranged at the upper end of the chute, and the lower end of the chute is connected to the river channel, and the pressure regulator is used to apply pressure to the ice-rock slide to make the ice-rock slide slide down along the chute.

[0010] Optionally, the chute and the river channel are made of special high-performance fiberglass material for aviation.

[0011] Optionally, the watershed simulation system includes a river channel, a seismic monitoring device and a test platform, the river channel is arranged above the test platform, and the seismic monitoring device is installed on the test platform.

[0012] Optionally, the watershed simulation system further includes a roller, a lifting platform and a lifting motor, wherein the roller is arranged below the test platform, the lifting platform is arranged below the roller, and the lifting motor is installed on the lifting platform to drive the lifting platform to perform lifting movements.

[0013] Optionally, the water supply system includes a water tank and a water pump, and the water tank, the water pump and the river are connected in sequence through a water flow pipeline.

[0014] Optionally, the water supply system also includes a controller, a filter and a steam trap, the river channel has a water outlet and a water inlet, and the water outlet, the controller, the water tank, the filter, the steam trap, the water pump and the water inlet are connected in sequence through a water flow pipe.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present application, a dynamic disaster test method for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and breaching is provided, using the above-mentioned test system, and the test method includes:

[0016] S1. Determine the test parameters;

[0017] S2. Preparation of ice-rock sliding body;

[0018] S3. Start the water supply system and inject water into the river channel of the watershed simulation system to raise the water level to a preset height;

[0019] S4. Installing the ice-rock sliding body at a preset position of the landslide test system;

[0020] S5. Start the three-dimensional scanning system to scan the initial state of the ice-rock sliding body;

[0021] S6. Start the landslide test system to make the ice-rock sliding body be compressed to a preset stress state and enter the river channel to form a high-position landslide moraine dam;

[0022] S7. The three-dimensional scanning system continuously scans to obtain the data of the formation and internal changes of the high-level landslide moraine dam in real time, and sends the data to the CNC system;

[0023] S8. Adjust the test parameters, repeat S1-S7, and conduct multiple sets of tests;

[0024] S9. The numerical control system processes the scanning data of the three-dimensional scanning system, obtains three-dimensional volume data and processes and analyzes the three-dimensional volume data, so as to realize the digitization and visualization of the formation and breach of high-position landslide moraine dam under different test parameters.

[0025] It can be seen from the technical solutions provided by the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention that the dynamic disaster test system for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and bursting provided by the embodiments of the present invention simulates the entire process of the disaster chain of accumulation formation, seepage deformation, breach evolution and dam burst flood evolution of high-level landslide moraine dam through a landslide test system, a watershed simulation system and a water supply system, obtains high-definition images and data of the formation and bursting of high-level landslide moraine dam through a three-dimensional scanning system, and then reconstructs the accumulation of soil-rock-ice mixture into dams and the seepage dam bursting process in three dimensions through a numerical control system, which is helpful to analyze the particle size distribution and fractal structure characteristics inside the dam body, reflect the movement mode of ice-rock sliding body into the river and the interaction laws of friction, collision and other granular materials, explore the influence mechanism of material inhomogeneity and ice phase change process on the spatial variation of pores and cracks inside the dam body, reveal the development and evolution law and dynamic mechanism of the breach of high-level landslide moraine dam, and realize the full three-dimensional dynamic visualization and digital representation of the dam formation and bursting cascade disaster.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, which will become obvious from the following description, or may be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dynamic disaster test system for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and breaching provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional scanning system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the annular slide rail and the turntable provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a landslide test system and a watershed simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a water supply system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an excavation discharge system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for simulating the dynamic disaster of high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and breaching according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] 1. X-ray source; 2. Detector; 3. Servomotor; 4. Drive screw; 5. Annular slide rail; 6. Turntable; 7. Vertical rack; 8. Camera; 9. Oil source; 10. Support frame; 11. Pressure regulator; 12. Ice rock slide; 13. Slide; 14. Slot door; 15. River channel; 16. Earthquake monitor; 17. Test platform; 18. Roller; 19. Lifting platform; 20. Lifting motor; 21. Water tank; 22. Water pump; 23. Filter; 24. Drain; 25. Water flow pipeline; 26. Controller; 27. Slotting machine; 28. Grab bucket; 29. ​​Drive; 30. Display; 31. Server; 32. Office desk. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention.

[0037] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless expressly stated, the singular forms "one", "said", and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present invention refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we refer to an element as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it may be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. In addition, the "connection" or "coupling" used herein may include wireless connection or coupling. The term "and / or" used herein includes any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0038] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in common dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless defined as herein.

[0039] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, several specific embodiments will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and each embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] See also Figure 1 As shown, in order to realize the digitization and transparency of the whole process of the disaster chain of high-level landslide moraine dam accumulation formation, seepage deformation, breach evolution and dam breach flood evolution, the embodiment of the present invention provides a dynamic disaster test system for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and breach, including a three-dimensional scanning system, a landslide test system, a watershed simulation system, a water supply system and a numerical control system; the three-dimensional scanning system is used to simulate the high-level landslide movement causing the ice-rock sliding body 12 to block the river channel 15 to form a high-level landslide moraine dam and the high-level landslide moraine dam breach. The whole process of three-dimensional scanning and reconstruction is used to obtain the internal structural change data of the high-level landslide moraine dam. Among them, the material composition of the ice-rock sliding body 12 is determined according to the similarity principle and the physical and mechanical parameters of the samples taken in multiple regions. It is found through testing that refined iron powder, barite powder, quartz sand and rosin alcohol solution can be used as the main similar materials. By changing the source properties, gradation, volume, etc., the spatial geometric morphology, structural characteristics and mechanical properties of the high-level landslide moraine dam are studied. The landslide test system is used to simulate the whole process of the high-level landslide movement causing the ice-rock sliding body to block the river channel and form a high-level landslide moraine dam under strong earthquake conditions. The basin simulation system has a river channel, which is used to simulate the whole process of the high-level landslide moraine dam seepage deformation, breach evolution and dam breach flood evolution disaster chain after the ice-rock sliding body blocks the river channel to form a high-level landslide moraine dam. The water supply system is used to supply water to the river; the CNC system is used to receive and process the data obtained by the 3D scanning system to achieve 3D digital reconstruction of the entire process of high-level landslide moraine dam formation and dam breach.

[0041] The dynamic disaster test system for simulating river blocking and bursting of high-level landslide moraine dam provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied to simulate the whole process of the disaster chain of accumulation formation, seepage deformation, breach evolution and dam burst flood evolution of high-level landslide moraine dam through the landslide test system, the basin simulation system and the water supply system, obtain high-definition images and data of the formation and bursting of high-level landslide moraine dam through the three-dimensional scanning system, and then reconstruct the accumulation of soil-rock-ice mixture into dam and seepage dam bursting process in three dimensions through the numerical control system, which is helpful to analyze the particle size distribution and fractal structure characteristics inside the dam body, reflect the movement mode of ice-rock sliding body into the river and the interaction law of friction, collision and other interaction of various granular materials, explore the influence mechanism of material heterogeneity and ice body phase change process on the spatial variation of pores and cracks inside the dam body, reveal the development and evolution law and dynamic mechanism of the breach of high-level landslide moraine dam, and realize the full three-dimensional dynamic visualization and digital representation of dam formation and burst cascade disasters.

[0042] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the three-dimensional scanning system includes an X-ray source 1, a detector 2, a turntable 6, a vertical frame 7 and a camera 8. The vertical frame 7 is slidably connected to the top of the turntable 6, and the vertical frame 7 can move along the circumference of the landslide test system and the watershed simulation system; the X-ray source 1 and the detector 2 are relatively arranged on the vertical frame 7 and can move along the height direction of the vertical frame 7; wherein the landslide test system and the watershed simulation system are both located between the X-ray source 1 and the detector 2; and the camera 8 is installed above the X-ray source 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, an annular slide rail 5 is provided above the turntable 6, the landslide test system and the watershed simulation system are both located on the inner side of the annular slide rail 5, and the vertical frame 7 includes two slide bars arranged at intervals and a cross bar connected between the two slide bars, wherein one end of each slide bar away from the cross bar is slidably installed on the annular slide rail 5.

[0043] In some embodiments, the vertical frame 7 is a gantry frame, including two sliding bars arranged at intervals and a cross bar connected between the two sliding bars, the turntable 6 and the annular slide rail 5 are in a circular ring shape, the annular slide rail 5 is arranged on the turntable 6, the bottom end of the vertical frame 7 is slidably connected to the turntable 6 through the annular slide rail 5, and an oil source 9 is placed on one side of the vertical frame 7, and the oil source 9 is used to drive the vertical frame 7 to rotate at high speed on the annular slide rail 5 to achieve 360° all-round rotation scanning of the test model. The two sliding bars of the vertical frame 7 are respectively installed with a transmission screw 4, and the transmission screw 4 is arranged along the height direction of the sliding bar. One transmission screw 4 is provided with an X-ray source 1, and the other transmission screw 4 is provided with a detector 2. The X-ray source 1 and the detector 2 are respectively connected to a servo motor 3, and the X-ray source 1 and the detector 2 are driven by the servo motors 3 connected to them to move up and down along the transmission screw 4. The camera 8 is a high-speed camera. Since the camera 8 is installed above the X-ray source 1, the X-ray source 1 can drive the camera 8 to move up and down for capturing and recording. X-ray source 1 uses a high-brightness liquid target X-ray source to enhance the X-ray flux and produce an ultra-high-quality focal spot. Detector 2 uses a superconducting nanophoton counting detector to count and identify X-ray energy at the photon level, improving image contrast and resolution. Through three-dimensional scanning and reconstruction, the internal structure of the high-position landslide moraine dam is imaged with high resolution, quantitative, and refined, making the internal space information transparent. It is understandable that in order to avoid messy wiring and line entanglement, the three-dimensional scanning system adopts wireless control.

[0044] See also Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the landslide test system includes a pressure regulator 11, an ice rock sliding body 12 and a chute 13, wherein the chute 13 is obliquely arranged above the river channel 15, wherein the ice rock sliding body 12 is arranged at the upper end of the chute 13, and the lower end of the chute 13 is connected to the river channel 15, and the pressure regulator 11 is used to apply pressure to the ice rock sliding body 12 so that the ice rock sliding body 12 slides down along the chute 13. It should be noted that the pressure regulator 11 is used to simulate a strong earthquake, and by adjusting the pressure, the ice rock sliding body 12 can obtain different throwing speeds.

[0045] In some embodiments, the slide 13 is a multi-stage structure, such as Figure 4 As shown, the chute 13 is a two-stage type, and the height and slope of the chute 13 can be freely changed to simulate the influence of the movement path on the damming of the river. At the same time, loose materials can be filled at the bottom of the inner side of the chute 13, thereby realizing the experimental research on the boundary layer effect of the long-distance movement of the ice rock sliding body 12.

[0046] See also Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the watershed simulation system includes a river channel 15 , a seismic monitor 16 and a test platform 17 . The river channel 15 is disposed above the test platform 17 , and the seismic monitor 16 is installed on the test platform 17 .

[0047] See also Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the landslide test system further includes a support frame 10, a test platform 17 is arranged on the inner side of the annular turntable 6, and the support frame 10 is vertically arranged above the test platform 17. The chute 13 includes a first chute section and a second chute section connected to the first chute section, and the first chute section and the second chute section are arranged at an angle. The end of the first chute section away from the second chute section is arranged at the end of the support frame 10 away from the test platform 17, and the end of the second chute section away from the first chute section is connected to the river channel 15, wherein the first chute section is used to place the ice rock sliding body 12, and a pressure regulator 11 is arranged on the upper part of the ice rock sliding body 12, and a slot gate 14 is arranged at the connection between the first chute section and the second chute section to prevent the ice rock sliding body 12 from sliding out.

[0048] In some embodiments, the chute 13 and the river channel 15 are made of special high-performance glass fiber materials for aviation, which have excellent properties such as light weight, high strength, low density, high elastic modulus, corrosion resistance, optical transparency, no visual deviation and optical distortion, etc., which can not only meet basic experimental requirements such as visualization, but also effectively reduce the X-ray attenuation rate.

[0049] See also Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the watershed simulation system further includes a roller 18, a lifting platform 19 and a lifting motor 20. The roller 18 is arranged below the test platform 17, the lifting platform 19 is arranged below the roller 18, and the lifting motor 20 is installed on the lifting platform 19 to drive the lifting platform 19 to perform lifting movements. The lifting platform 19 is driven up and down by the lifting motor 20, so as to adjust the height of the test platform 17 to meet the test requirements. The roller 18 is arranged below the test platform 17 to reduce the movement of the lifting platform 19. The test platform 17 slides horizontally on the roller 18 to facilitate fine adjustment of the position.

[0050] In some embodiments, the annular slide rail 5, the turntable 6, the test platform 17 and the lifting platform 19 are coaxially arranged to avoid artifacts caused by the test device's own displacement, reduce test errors, and improve the stability, reliability and accuracy of the system.

[0051] See also Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the water supply system includes a water tank 21 and a water pump 22, and the water tank 21, the water pump 22 and the river 15 are sequentially connected through a water pipe 25. The water tank 21 is used to store water resources, and the water pump 22 ensures smooth circulation of water. Among them, the river 15 is not limited to a straight shape, and the bending angle can be changed according to the valley terrain. At the same time, the water pump 22 is adjusted to complete the scouring effect test of different flow rates and bend angles on the river 15, and study the sediment transportation and scouring / silting response mechanism of the river 15.

[0052] See also Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the water supply system further includes a controller 26, a filter 23 and a steam trap 24, and the river channel 15 has a water outlet and a water inlet. The water outlet, the controller 26, the water tank 21, the filter 23, the steam trap 24, the water pump 22 and the water inlet are sequentially connected through the water flow pipe 25. The above arrangement is used for the flow and recycling of water in the river channel 15. Among them, the water tank 21 is used for the storage of water resources, the water pump 22 ensures the smooth circulation of water, the filter 23 is mainly used to filter the fine ice rock soil particles in the water, and the steam trap 24 can remove bubbles and suspended matter in the water to avoid adverse effects on the water pump 22 and the water flow pipe 25. The controller 26 can automatically monitor the water pressure, water temperature, water level and other parameters in the river channel 15, and adjust the working state of the water pump 22 as needed to ensure the stability of the water flow, and truly restore the backwater disaster process after the high-level landslide moraine dam blocks the river. At the same time, the cross-sectional shape, water depth and flow rate of the river channel 15 can be changed to simulate different working conditions.

[0053] In some embodiments, the numerical control system includes a computer, which may be a desktop computer, or other intelligent devices such as a laptop computer, which is not limited in the present invention. Figure 1As shown, the numerical control system includes a display 30 and a server 31 connected to the display 30, and the display 30 and the server 31 are placed on a desk 32. The server 31 is connected to the X-ray source 1, the detector 2, and the camera 8 for communication.

[0054] When conducting the test, first start the server 31 and the display 30, open the valve of the oil source 9, power on each system for preheating, check whether each system is running normally, and make preparations before the test. According to the preset terrain conditions of the test, adjust the height of the support frame 10 and the slope of the slide 13, adjust the position of the lifting platform 19, the X-ray source 1, the detector 2 and the river channel 15 to facilitate data collection, and place the prefabricated ice rock sliding body 12 above the slot door 14. Start the water supply system, add water to the river channel 15 to make the water in a circulating flow state, and ensure the stability of the water flow. Start the three-dimensional scanning system to perform an all-round scan, the vertical frame 7 rotates at high speed on the annular slide rail 5, the X-ray source 1 emits X-rays, and the X-rays pass through the experimental model and are received by the detector 2. Operate the pressure regulator 11, the high-level landslide is started, the ice rock sliding body 12 is compressed to obtain acceleration, and the throwing effect of the ice rock sliding body 12 under the action of a strong earthquake is achieved. At the same time, the high-speed camera 8 works continuously to record the entire process of the formation and collapse evolution of the high-level landslide moraine dam. By repeating multiple groups of experiments and analyzing the results, the formation and burst process of high-level landslide moraine dams was reconstructed in three dimensions, and the transparency and digitization of the entire chain of formation and burst of high-level landslide moraine dams was achieved, including the mechanical interactions such as the migration of ice, rock and soil materials, property changes, and energy conversion inside the high-level landslide moraine dams.

[0055] See also Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the dynamic disaster test system for simulating high-position landslide moraine dam blocking the river and breaching also includes an excavation flood discharge system, which is used to simulate the excavation of the high-position landslide moraine dam to form an artificial spillway. For high-position landslide moraine dams that are difficult to breach, the excavation spillway system can be operated to form an artificial spillway to study the impact of the artificial spillway on the entire breach process.

[0056] See also Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the excavation and discharge system includes a slotting machine 27 and a grab bucket 28. The slotting machine 27 is connected to the grab bucket 28. The slotting machine 27 can drive the grab bucket 28 to open and close, and the high-position landslide moraine dam is excavated by opening and closing the grab bucket 28.

[0057] See also Figure 6As shown, in some embodiments, the excavation and discharge system is assembled on the vertical frame 7 through the driver 29. For example, the vertical frame 7 includes two sliding bars arranged at intervals and a cross bar connected between the two sliding bars, wherein one end of each sliding bar away from the cross bar is slidably mounted on the annular slide rail 5, the driver 29 is mounted on the cross bar, and the slotting machine 27 is mounted on the driver 29. Under the action of the driver 29, the slotting machine 27 can move freely up, down, left and right. A grab 28 is driven and connected below the slotting machine 27. The slotting machine 27 controls the opening and closing of the grab 28 to realize the entire process of artificial spillway excavation, and can simulate the influence of influencing factors such as different cross-sectional types, different positions, and different excavation depths of the spillway on the breach process of the moraine dam.

[0058] See also Figure 7 As shown, another aspect of the present application provides a method for simulating the dynamic disaster of high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and bursting, using the test system of the above embodiment, the test method includes:

[0059] S1. Determine the test parameters: By analyzing historical events and combining field survey results, determine the particle size distribution, volume, and mechanical parameters of the ice-rock slide 12, the slope and length of the chute 13, the cross-sectional shape, water flow velocity, and scouring parameters of the river channel 15.

[0060] S2. Preparing the ice-rock sliding body 12: selecting materials, preparing the ice-rock sliding body 12 according to the material similarity ratio, and curing and preserving the ice-rock sliding body 12 after the preparation is completed.

[0061] S3. Start the water supply system and inject water into the river channel 15 of the basin simulation system to raise the water level to a preset height;

[0062] S4. Install the ice rock sliding body 12 at the preset position of the landslide test system: according to the simulated height and sliding distance, adjust the support frame 10 to change the length and slope of the slide 13, adjust the position of the roller 18 and the lifting platform 19, and after the relevant devices are adjusted, install the prefabricated ice rock sliding body 12 on the top of the slide 13, turn on the seismic monitor 16 and debug it.

[0063] S5. Start the three-dimensional scanning system to scan the initial state of the ice rock sliding body 12: Before starting the three-dimensional scanning system, close the main power supply of the power distribution cabinet, power on each subsystem in turn, check whether the equipment is operating normally, adjust the lifting platform 19, X-ray source 1, and detector 2 to a suitable height, start the X-ray source 1, and the X-ray source 1 emits a beam, and the detector 2 receives it. The vertical frame 7 rotates at high speed on the annular slide rail 5. At the same time, the high-speed camera works to capture and record the macroscopic morphological characteristics of the high-position ice rock sliding body 12 before the landslide.

[0064] S6. Start the landslide test system, so that the ice-rock sliding body 12 is compressed to a preset stress state, enters the river channel 15 to form a high-position landslide moraine dam: operate the pressure regulator 11, so that the ice-rock sliding body 12 is compressed to a designed stress state, open the slot door 14, and the ice-rock sliding body 12 obtains initial acceleration under the action of gravity and pressure, and the mixture of the ice-rock sliding body 12 enters the river to form a high-position landslide moraine dam. Among them, the pressure is adjusted by the pressure regulator 11 to achieve the throwing effect of the ice-rock sliding body 12 under different magnitude disturbances.

[0065] S7. The three-dimensional scanning system continuously scans, obtains the formation and internal change data of the high-position landslide moraine dam in real time, and sends the data to the numerical control system: the three-dimensional scanning system converts the collected reflected X-rays into electronic signals and sends them to the server 31. Among them, the internal change data of the high-position landslide moraine dam includes data such as internal structure expansion, particle movement, and property transformation during the progressive destruction and scouring of seepage.

[0066] S8. Adjust the test parameters, repeat S1-S7, and conduct multiple tests:

[0067] After a set of tests is completed, the X-ray source 1 is turned off and all systems are suspended. The test data is sorted out and the chute 13 and the test platform 17 are cleaned;

[0068] According to the test plan, change the parameters such as particle grading, material source properties (material properties and volume of ice-rock sliding body 12), slope topography (slope height, slope gradient, slope surface roughness, etc.), river valley and water flow conditions, and spillway excavation volume, repeat S1-S8, and carry out multiple groups of tests;

[0069] After all test tasks are completed and the X-ray source 1 is cooled, turn off the power of the X-ray source 1 and disconnect the switches of all subsystems except the numerical control system.

[0070] It should be noted that for the test group where the high-level landslide moraine dam is difficult to breach, the excavation spillway system was operated according to the cross-sectional type, location, and excavation depth of the spillway set in the test to form an artificial spillway and study the impact of the artificial spillway on the entire breach process. While the excavation spillway system was running, the 3D scanning system continued to operate to obtain the internal development and evolution data of the breach of the high-level landslide moraine dam.

[0071] S9. The numerical control system processes the scanning data of the 3D scanning system, obtains 3D volume data and processes and analyzes the 3D volume data, and realizes the digitization and visualization of the formation and breach of high-position landslide moraine dam under different test parameters, including:

[0072] Data reconstruction: The server 31 of the numerical control system performs back-projection calculation on the scanning data of the three-dimensional scanning system, removes noise, filters, and obtains three-dimensional volume data. By extracting, identifying, and analyzing two-dimensional CT slices and three-dimensional reconstructed images, the crack distribution, porosity evolution, material migration, CT damage, and strain characteristics are analyzed, and the mesoscopic physical quantities in the process of dam body instability, deformation, and destruction are quantitatively described, thus realizing three-dimensional digital reconstruction of the entire process of high-position landslide moraine dam breach;

[0073] Data processing and analysis: With the help of tomography analysis technology, the whole process of river blocking and breaching of high-level landslide moraine dam was quantitatively analyzed, reflecting the particle size distribution and fractal structure characteristics inside the landslide accumulation dam, revealing the movement mode of ice-rock sliding body 12 into the river and the interaction laws of friction and collision of various particulate materials, exploring the influence mechanism of material heterogeneity and ice phase change process on the spatial variation of pores and cracks inside the dam body, and then revealing the formation law between the instability of high-level landslide and the morphological structure of high-level landslide moraine dam, and constructing the influence of morphological characteristics and material structure parameters, hydrodynamic conditions, breach geometric parameters and hydraulic parameters of high-level landslide moraine dam on breach development and evolution law and dynamic mechanism.

[0074] In summary, the present invention provides a system and method for simulating the dynamic disaster of high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and bursting. Through the landslide test system, the basin simulation system and the water supply system, the movement and fragmentation, accumulation into dams and bursting floods under the influence of factors such as different material source properties, slope topography, river valley and water flow conditions can be simulated. At the same time, combined with the industrial CT three-dimensional scanning technology, the real-time transparency and digital representation of the dynamic disaster of high-level landslide moraine dam formation and bursting can be achieved, thereby reproducing the whole process of the high-level landslide movement blocking the river and the moraine dam bursting flood disaster chain, and revealing the mutual feedback law between the particles of the soil-rock-ice mixture during the blocking and bursting process and the influence mechanism of the ice phase change on the spatial variation of the dam body pores, particle contact interface, etc.

[0075] Those skilled in the art can understand that the accompanying drawings are only schematic diagrams of an embodiment, and the modules or processes in the accompanying drawings are not necessarily required to implement the present invention.

[0076] It can be known from the description of the above implementation methods that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a storage medium such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention or certain parts of the embodiments.

[0077] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device or system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. The device and system embodiments described above are merely schematic, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0078] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dynamic disaster test system for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and bursting, characterized in that: Including 3D scanning system, landslide test system, watershed simulation system, water supply system, CNC system and excavation flood discharge system; The three-dimensional scanning system is used to perform three-dimensional scanning and reconstruction of the entire process of high-level landslide movement causing ice-rock sliding bodies to block the river channel to form a high-level landslide moraine dam and the dam breach of the high-level landslide moraine dam, and obtain data on changes in the internal structure of the high-level landslide moraine dam; The landslide test system is used to simulate the whole process of the high-position landslide movement causing the ice-rock sliding body to block the river channel and form the high-position landslide moraine dam under strong earthquake conditions. The landslide test system includes a pressure regulator, the ice-rock sliding body and a chute. The chute is obliquely arranged above the river channel, wherein the ice-rock sliding body is arranged at the upper end of the chute, and the lower end of the chute is connected to the river channel. The pressure regulator is used to apply pressure to the ice-rock sliding body so that the ice-rock sliding body slides down along the chute. The chute is a multi-stage structure, and the bottom of the inner side of the chute is filled with loose materials. The chute and the river channel are made of special high-performance glass fiber materials for aviation; The watershed simulation system has a river channel, which is used to simulate the whole process of the disaster chain of seepage deformation, breach evolution and dam breach flood evolution of the high-position landslide moraine dam after the ice-rock sliding body blocks the river channel to form the high-position landslide moraine dam. The watershed simulation system includes the river channel, the seismic monitoring instrument, the test platform, the rolling row, the lifting platform and the lifting motor. The river channel is arranged above the test platform, the seismic monitoring instrument is installed on the test platform, the rolling row is arranged below the test platform, the test platform can slide horizontally on the rolling row, the lifting platform is arranged below the rolling row, and the lifting motor is installed on the lifting platform to drive the lifting platform to perform lifting movement; The water supply system is used to supply water to the river, and the water supply system includes a water tank, a water pump, a controller, a filter and a steam trap. The water tank, the water pump and the river are connected in sequence through a water flow pipeline. The river has a water outlet and a water inlet. The water outlet, the controller, the water tank, the filter, the steam trap, the water pump and the water inlet are connected in sequence through the water flow pipeline. The numerical control system is used to receive and process the data acquired by the three-dimensional scanning system to achieve three-dimensional digital reconstruction of the entire process of formation and dam breach of the high-position landslide moraine dam; The excavation and flood discharge system is used to simulate the excavation of a high-level landslide moraine dam and form the entire process of an artificial spillway. The excavation and flood discharge system includes a driver, a slotting machine and a grab. The slotting machine is installed on the driver. Under the action of the driver, the slotting machine can move freely up, down, left and right. A grab is connected to the slotting machine below. The slotting machine can drive the grab to open and close, and the high-level landslide moraine dam is excavated by opening and closing the grab.

2. The dynamic disaster test system for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and breaching according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-dimensional scanning system includes an X-ray source, a detector, a turntable, a vertical frame and a camera, wherein the vertical frame is slidably connected to the top of the turntable and can move circumferentially along the landslide test system and the watershed simulation system; the X-ray source and the detector are relatively arranged on the vertical frame and can move along the height direction of the vertical frame; wherein the landslide test system and the watershed simulation system are both located between the X-ray source and the detector; and the camera is installed above the X-ray source.

3. The dynamic disaster test system for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and breaching according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An annular slide rail is provided above the turntable, the landslide test system and the watershed simulation system are both located inside the annular slide rail, the vertical frame comprises two slide bars spaced apart and a cross bar connected between the two slide bars, wherein one end of each slide bar away from the cross bar is slidably mounted on the annular slide rail.

4. A dynamic disaster test method for simulating high-level landslide moraine dam blocking the river and breaching, using the test system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the test method comprising: S1. Determine the test parameters; S2. Preparation of ice-rock sliding body; S3. Start the water supply system and inject water into the river channel of the watershed simulation system to raise the water level to a preset height; S4. Installing the ice-rock sliding body at a preset position of the landslide test system; S5. Start the three-dimensional scanning system to scan the initial state of the ice-rock sliding body; S6. Start the landslide test system to make the ice-rock sliding body be compressed to a preset stress state and enter the river channel to form a high-position landslide moraine dam; S7. The three-dimensional scanning system continuously scans to obtain the data of the formation and internal changes of the high-level landslide moraine dam in real time, and sends the data to the CNC system; S8. Adjust the test parameters, repeat S1-S7, and conduct multiple sets of tests; S9. The numerical control system processes the scanning data of the three-dimensional scanning system, obtains three-dimensional volume data and processes and analyzes the three-dimensional volume data, so as to realize the digitization and visualization of the formation and breach of high-position landslide moraine dam under different test parameters.

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