Intelligent control method for 3D wax model printing rate and printer

Abstract

A method and printer for intelligently controlling the printing rate of 3D wax models, relating to the field of 3D printing, includes: first obtaining the current printing pattern, printing material parameters, and print head parameters; dividing the current printing pattern into multiple printing areas and calculating the pattern complexity; meticulously considering the structural characteristics of different areas; obtaining temperature change curves and material viscosity change curves based on the printing material parameters, so that changes in material characteristics during the printing process can be accurately grasped; obtaining relevant parameters of the first printing area and inputting them into a preset rate model to generate a first printing rate, thereby achieving precise control of the printing rate based on regional characteristics; and controlling the printing speed to the first printing rate when printing in the first printing area. Implementing this method can ensure the quality of wax model printing when the printing rate is relatively fast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of 3D printing, and in particular to an intelligent control method for 3D wax model printing rate and a printer. Background Art

[0002] The rate control technology used in additive manufacturing printing of gold wax films is one of the key technologies in the field of additive manufacturing. In industries such as jewelry and handicrafts, gold wax film printing technology has become an important process for producing high-precision products. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, the accuracy and speed of printing technology have been significantly improved.

[0003] In the related art, a constant speed printing method is usually adopted, and the extrusion rate of the wax material remains constant. However, this constant speed printing method, if the printing rate is low, will lead to low printing efficiency and production efficiency. If the printing rate is high, the printing quality will be affected, and the wax material will deform, resulting in printing failure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides an intelligent control method for 3D wax model printing rate and a printer, which are used to ensure the quality of wax model printing when the printing rate is fast.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides an intelligent control method for the printing rate of a 3D wax model, which is applied to a 3D wax model printer, the method comprising: obtaining a current printing pattern, printing material parameters and printing nozzle parameters, the printing material parameters comprising the current printing material temperature and material viscosity, the printing nozzle parameters comprising the nozzle accuracy and movement speed range of the current printing nozzle; dividing the current printing pattern into multiple printing areas, and calculating the pattern complexity of each of the printing areas to obtain a pattern complexity collection; obtaining a temperature change curve and a material viscosity change curve of the current printing material in a preset material parameter database according to the printing material parameters; obtaining a first pattern complexity of a first printing area, and calculating a first material temperature and a first material viscosity corresponding to the first printing area according to the temperature change curve and the material viscosity change curve; inputting the first pattern complexity, the first material temperature, the first material viscosity and the printing nozzle parameters into a preset rate model to generate a first printing rate; and controlling the printing speed to be the first printing rate when the first printing area is printing.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the current printing pattern, printing material parameters and printing nozzle parameters are first obtained, the current printing pattern is divided into multiple printing areas and the pattern complexity is calculated. The structural characteristics of different areas can be taken into account, and the temperature change curve and material viscosity change curve are obtained according to the printing material parameters, so that the changes in the material characteristics during the printing process can be accurately grasped, the relevant parameters of the first printing area are obtained and the preset rate model is input to generate the first printing rate, which realizes the precise control of the printing rate according to the regional characteristics. When the first printing area is printed, the printing speed is controlled to the first printing rate, which can effectively avoid the problems of low printing efficiency or poor printing quality caused by unreasonable printing rate, improve the printing accuracy and efficiency, and ensure the quality of the wax model.

[0007] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after the step of controlling the printing speed to the first printing rate when the first printing area is printing, the method also includes: obtaining other pattern complexity collections of other printing areas, and calculating other material temperature collections and other material viscosity collections corresponding to the other printing areas based on the temperature change curve and the material viscosity change curve, and the other printing areas are all printing areas except the first printing area; calculating all other printing rate collections of the other printing areas based on the other pattern complexity collection, the other material temperature collection and the other material viscosity collection.

[0008] By adopting this technical solution, based on the print control of the first print area, the pattern complexity set of other print areas is further obtained. The corresponding material temperature and viscosity set is calculated based on the temperature and viscosity change curves, comprehensively considering the characteristics of all print areas. Based on these parameters, the other print rate sets for other print areas are calculated, ensuring that each print area receives the most appropriate print rate. When printing in other print areas, the print speed is controlled to the print speed within the other print rate set. This ensures the stability and consistency of the entire printing process, meets the printing needs of areas of different complexity, and effectively improves the overall performance and printing results of the 3D wax printer.

[0009] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after the step of controlling the printing speed to be a printing speed in the other printing rate collection when printing in the other printing area, the method also includes: detecting the real-time material parameters and the real-time nozzle parameters to obtain the real-time temperature and the real-time viscosity; inputting the first pattern complexity, the real-time temperature, the real-time viscosity and the printing nozzle parameters into the preset rate model to generate a real-time printing rate; and changing the printing speed from the first printing rate to the real-time printing rate.

[0010] By employing this technical solution, real-time material and nozzle parameters are monitored during the printing process, generating real-time temperature and viscosity, enabling timely monitoring of changes in the printing environment. The first pattern complexity, real-time temperature, real-time viscosity, and print nozzle parameters are input into a preset rate model to generate a real-time print rate, enabling dynamic adjustment of the print rate based on real-time conditions. Changing the print speed from the first print rate to the real-time print rate ensures that the print rate always matches the current printing conditions, avoiding print quality issues caused by changes in material or nozzle parameters and further improving printing accuracy and flexibility.

[0011] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after the step of controlling the printing speed to be a printing speed in the collection of other printing speeds when printing in the other printing areas, the method further includes: performing image detection on the first printing layer of the first printing area to obtain a first uniformity and a first edge clarity of the first printing layer; if the first uniformity is less than a preset uniformity threshold or the first edge clarity is less than a preset clarity threshold, reducing the printing speed to the preset printing threshold.

[0012] By employing the above technical solution, an image of the first printed layer in the first printing area is detected, obtaining a first uniformity and a first edge definition of the layer. This provides an intuitive understanding of the quality of the printed layer. If the first uniformity is less than a preset uniformity threshold or the first edge definition is less than a preset definition threshold, the print speed is reduced to the preset print threshold. This setting allows for timely adjustment of the print speed to address situations where print quality does not meet requirements. By precisely controlling the print speed, problems such as uneven material distribution or unclear edges caused by inappropriate print speeds can be effectively avoided.

[0013] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after the step of controlling the printing speed to be a printing speed in the other printing speed collection when the other printing area is printing, the method also includes: collecting the printing parameters of the 3D wax model printer to obtain the current print head temperature, the current wax model thickness and the current printing speed; calculating the current printing status score of the 3D wax model printer based on the current print head temperature, the current wax model thickness and the current printing speed; if the current printing status score is lower than the preset score threshold, generating a correction coefficient based on the current printing status score; calculating a second printing speed collection based on the correction coefficient and the other printing speed collection; and controlling the printing speed to be a printing speed in the second printing speed collection when the other printing area is printing.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the printing parameters of the 3D wax model printer are collected, including the current print head temperature, the current wax model thickness and the current printing speed. These parameters can fully reflect the working status of the printer. The current printing status score of the 3D wax model printer is calculated based on these parameters. If the current printing status score is lower than the preset score threshold, a correction coefficient is generated based on the current printing status score. A second printing rate set is calculated based on the correction coefficient and other printing rate sets. When printing in other printing areas, the printing speed is controlled to be the printing speed in the second printing rate set. In this way, the printing rate can be adjusted in real time according to the actual working status of the printer, ensuring the stability and reliability of the printing quality, improving the accuracy and efficiency of printing, and making the printed wax model more in line with the expected requirements.

[0015] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after the step of controlling the printing speed to be a printing speed in the collection of other printing speeds when printing in the other printing areas, the method further includes: performing image detection on the current printing layer of the current printing area during the printing process to obtain the current uniformity and current edge clarity of the current printing layer; calculating the printing quality of the current printing area based on the current uniformity and the current edge clarity; if the printing quality is lower than a preset quality threshold, sending a first prompt message to the client.

[0016] By employing the above-described technical solution, image detection is performed on the current print layer of the current print area during the printing process to determine the current uniformity and edge clarity of the current print layer, thereby accurately assessing the print quality of the current print area. The print quality of the current print area is calculated based on the current uniformity and edge clarity. If the print quality falls below a preset quality threshold, a first prompt message is sent to the client. This allows operators to promptly understand the print quality status so that they can take appropriate measures to adjust it. Timely prompts can prevent the production of substandard products, reduce material waste, improve production efficiency, and simultaneously ensure the quality of the wax model to meet production requirements.

[0017] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after the step of sending a first prompt message to the client if the print quality is lower than a preset quality threshold, the method also includes: detecting the real-time nozzle parameters to obtain real-time accuracy and real-time speed range; calculating the accuracy difference between the real-time accuracy and the nozzle accuracy, and calculating the speed difference between the real-time speed range and the motion speed range; if the accuracy difference is greater than the preset accuracy difference threshold or the speed difference is greater than the preset speed difference threshold, sending a second prompt message to the client.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the real-time nozzle parameters are detected to obtain the real-time accuracy and real-time speed range, which enables timely understanding of the working status of the nozzle. The accuracy difference between the real-time accuracy and the nozzle accuracy is calculated, and the speed difference between the real-time speed range and the motion speed range is calculated. By comparing these differences with the preset thresholds, it is possible to accurately determine whether the working status of the nozzle is abnormal. If the accuracy difference is greater than the preset accuracy difference threshold or the speed difference is greater than the preset speed difference threshold, a second prompt message is sent to the client, which can promptly remind the operator of the nozzle abnormality so that timely measures can be taken to adjust or repair it, avoiding print quality problems caused by nozzle abnormality and ensuring printing stability and accuracy.

[0019] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a 3D wax model printer, which includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the 3D wax model printer to execute the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0020] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions. When the above-mentioned computer program product is run on a 3D wax model printer, the above-mentioned 3D wax model printer executes the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation method of the first aspect.

[0021] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions. When the instructions are executed on a 3D wax model printer, the 3D wax model printer executes the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0022] It is understood that the 3D wax model printer provided in the second aspect, the computer program product provided in the third aspect, and the computer storage medium provided in the fourth aspect are all used to execute the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be referred to the beneficial effects of the corresponding methods and will not be repeated here.

[0023] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0024] 1. This application first obtains the current printing pattern, printing material parameters and printing nozzle parameters, divides the current printing pattern into multiple printing areas and calculates the pattern complexity. It can carefully consider the structural characteristics of different areas, obtain the temperature change curve and the material viscosity change curve according to the printing material parameters, so that the changes in the material characteristics during the printing process can be accurately grasped, obtain the relevant parameters of the first printing area and input the preset rate model to generate the first printing rate, thereby realizing precise control of the printing rate according to the regional characteristics. When the first printing area is printed, the printing speed is controlled to the first printing rate, which can effectively avoid the problems of low printing efficiency or poor printing quality caused by unreasonable printing rate, improve the printing accuracy and efficiency, and ensure the quality of the wax model.

[0025] 2. This application comprehensively considers the characteristics of all printing areas by further obtaining the pattern complexity set of other printing areas based on the printing control of the first printing area, and calculating the corresponding material temperature and viscosity set based on the temperature and viscosity change curves. Based on these parameters, all other printing rate sets of other printing areas are calculated, so that each printing area can obtain the most suitable printing rate. When printing in other printing areas, the printing speed is controlled to the printing speed of the other printing rate set, which can ensure the stability and consistency of the entire printing process, meet the printing requirements of areas of different complexity, and effectively improve the overall performance and printing effect of the 3D wax model printer.

[0026] 3. This application collects the printing parameters of the 3D wax model printer, including the current print head temperature, the current wax model thickness and the current printing speed. These parameters can fully reflect the working status of the printer. The current printing status score of the 3D wax model printer is calculated based on these parameters. If the current printing status score is lower than the preset score threshold, a correction coefficient is generated based on the current printing status score. A second printing rate set is calculated based on the correction coefficient and other printing rate sets. When printing in other printing areas, the printing speed is controlled to be the printing speed in the second printing rate set. In this way, the printing rate can be adjusted in real time according to the actual working status of the printer, ensuring the stability and reliability of the printing quality, improving the printing accuracy and efficiency, and making the printed wax model more in line with the expected requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an intelligent control method for 3D wax model printing rate according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is another flow chart of the intelligent control method for the 3D wax model printing rate according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of the 3D wax model printer in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The terms used in the following examples of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification of the present application, the singular expressions "a", "an", "above", "the", and "this" are intended to include plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in the present application refers to any or all possible combinations of one or more of the listed items.

[0031] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to imply or suggest relative importance or implicitly indicate the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0032] For ease of understanding, the following describes the process of the method provided by this implementation. Figure 1 , which is a flow chart of the intelligent control method of 3D wax model printing rate in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] S101 , obtaining a current printing pattern, printing material parameters, and printing head parameters. The printing material parameters include the current printing material temperature and material viscosity. The printing head parameters include the current printing head precision and movement speed range.

[0034] The current print pattern represents the target pattern to be 3D printed in wax. The print material parameters are a set of parameters describing the properties of the print material, including material temperature and viscosity. The print head parameters represent the operating characteristics of the print head, including nozzle accuracy and speed range. Material temperature refers to the current temperature of the print material, material viscosity indicates the flow properties of the print material, nozzle accuracy refers to the resolution of the print head, and speed range indicates the minimum and maximum speeds the print head can achieve.

[0035] Specifically, before starting the 3D wax model printing process, the necessary printing parameters must be obtained. The printer reads the current print pattern imported by the user, which is typically a 3D model file. Simultaneously, the printer obtains the current temperature and viscosity of the printing material from the printer's sensors or user input. For the print head, the printer reads its factory settings or currently calibrated print head accuracy, as well as its achievable speed range.

[0036] In some embodiments, the parameter acquisition process can be implemented in a variety of ways: optionally, the printer can obtain material temperature and viscosity by reading data from the 3D printer's built-in sensors, obtain nozzle accuracy and speed range by reading nozzle parameters stored in the printer's firmware, and obtain the current printing pattern by parsing a 3D model file uploaded by the user. Optionally, the printer can provide a user interface that allows the operator to manually enter or select these parameters, including uploading a printing pattern file, entering material temperature and viscosity, and selecting a nozzle model (the printer automatically matches the corresponding accuracy and speed range based on the model). It is understood that other methods can also be used to implement parameter acquisition, such as obtaining preset material and nozzle parameters from a cloud database, or automatically identifying and estimating some parameters through a machine learning model, which are not limited here.

[0037] S102: Divide the current printing pattern into multiple printing areas, and calculate the pattern complexity of each printing area to obtain a pattern complexity collection.

[0038] Among them, the printing area refers to the several smaller parts into which the entire printing pattern is divided; the pattern complexity represents the structural complexity of each printing area; and the pattern complexity collection refers to the set of complexity values ​​of all printing areas.

[0039] Specifically, after obtaining the current printing pattern, the printer will divide the entire pattern into multiple relatively independent printing areas. This division can be based on the geometric characteristics of the pattern, the printing order, or other defined rules. For each divided area, the printer will analyze its structural characteristics and calculate a value representing the complexity of the area, namely the pattern complexity. This complexity consideration includes but is not limited to the number of surfaces in the area, the number of corners, the richness of details, etc. Finally, the printer will summarize the complexity values ​​of all areas to form a complete pattern complexity collection.

[0040] In some embodiments, pattern partitioning and complexity calculation can be achieved in a variety of ways: Optionally, the printer can use a grid division method to evenly divide the entire print pattern into several grids, with each grid as a printing area, and then quantify the complexity by calculating geometric features such as the number of polygons, the sum of the lengths of the edges, and the number of vertices in each grid; Optionally, the printer can use a feature recognition algorithm to first identify key feature points in the pattern (such as corners, intersections, etc.), and then divide the printing area around these feature points. The complexity can be determined by calculating the density of feature points in each area, the curvature change rate, etc. It is understandable that other methods can also be used to achieve pattern partitioning and complexity calculation, such as using a deep learning model to directly learn and predict complexity from a 3D model, or dividing areas and calculating complexity based on printing path planning, which are not limited here.

[0041] S103 , obtaining a temperature change curve and a material viscosity change curve of the current printing material from a preset material parameter database according to the printing material parameters.

[0042] The preset material parameter database is a collection of information storing various printing material characteristic data; the temperature change curve represents the trend of material temperature changes over time or other factors; and the material viscosity change curve shows how material viscosity changes with temperature or other factors. Printing material parameters are a set of parameters describing the characteristics of the currently used printing material, including but not limited to material type, initial temperature, and initial viscosity.

[0043] Specifically, after obtaining the parameters of the current printing material, the printer accesses a pre-established material parameter database. This database typically contains detailed characteristic data for various commonly used 3D printing materials. The printer searches the database for a matching record based on the input printing material parameters, such as material type and initial temperature. Once a match is found, the printer extracts the corresponding temperature and viscosity curves for that material.

[0044] In some embodiments, the material characteristic curve can be obtained in a variety of ways: Optionally, the printer can use an exact matching method, first locating the corresponding material record in the database based on the input material type, and then selecting the closest set of preset curves for the material based on the input initial temperature and viscosity as the current curve; then, the printer needs to fine-tune the selected curve so that its starting point is completely consistent with the input initial parameters; finally, the printer loads the adjusted curve data into memory. Optionally, the printer can use an interpolation algorithm method, first finding multiple sets of curve data with the same material type and initial parameters closest to the input in the database; then, using these curves as a basis, the printer generates a new set of curves through linear interpolation or a more complex interpolation algorithm (such as spline interpolation) to accurately match the input initial temperature and viscosity; finally, the printer smoothes the generated new curve to eliminate existing discontinuities and ensure the smoothness of the curve. It is understood that other methods can also be used to obtain material characteristic curves, which are not limited here.

[0045] S104 , obtaining a first pattern complexity of the first printing area, and calculating a first material temperature and a first material viscosity corresponding to the first printing area according to the temperature change curve and the material viscosity change curve.

[0046] The "first print area" represents the first print area selected for processing; the "first pattern complexity" is a quantitative measure of the structural complexity of the area; the "first material temperature" represents the expected material temperature at the start of printing in the print area; and the "first material viscosity" represents the expected material viscosity at the start of printing in the print area. The "temperature change curve" and "material viscosity change curve" respectively represent how the material temperature and viscosity change over time or other factors.

[0047] Specifically, after completing the area division and complexity calculation of the printing pattern, the printer will select a printing area as the starting point, usually the first area selected according to the predetermined printing order. The printer first reads the pattern complexity value of this area, which has been calculated in the previous step. Next, the printer needs to predict the actual temperature and viscosity of the material when printing this area. To this end, the printer will use the previously acquired temperature change curve and material viscosity change curve, combined with the estimated time for the printing to start reaching the area, to calculate the expected temperature and viscosity of the material when it reaches the area. This calculation process needs to take into account multiple factors, such as the printer's preheating time, the material's cooling rate, etc.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first print area parameters can be obtained and calculated in a variety of ways: Optionally, the printer can use a time estimation method. First, based on the printer's movement speed and the size of the previous area, it estimates the time required to reach the first print area from the start of printing. This time value is then substituted into the temperature change curve to obtain the expected first material temperature. Next, the obtained temperature value is substituted into the material viscosity change curve to calculate the corresponding first material viscosity. Finally, the printer saves these calculated values ​​along with the previously obtained first pattern complexity as input parameters for subsequent print rate control. Optionally, the printer can use a real-time feedback adjustment method. First, the printer calculates a preliminary first material temperature and viscosity based on initial parameters and curve data. Then, during the actual printing process, the printer monitors the actual material temperature changes using a real-time temperature sensor. Next, the printer compares the measured data with the predicted data. If there is a significant difference, the temperature change curve is corrected in real time. Finally, the printer recalculates the first material temperature and viscosity based on the corrected curve to ensure data accuracy.

[0049] S105 , inputting the first pattern complexity, the first material temperature, the first material viscosity, and the print head parameters into a preset rate model to generate a first printing rate.

[0050] Among them, the preset rate model refers to a mathematical model or algorithm used to calculate the optimal printing rate; the first printing rate represents the optimal printing speed determined for the first printing area; the first pattern complexity is used to represent the structural complexity of the first printing area; the first material temperature refers to the material temperature when printing of the first area is expected to start; the first material viscosity represents the material viscosity when printing of the first area is expected to start; the print head parameters are used to describe the working characteristics of the print head, including the print head accuracy and movement speed range.

[0051] Specifically, after obtaining the relevant parameters of the first printing area, the printer will input these parameters into a pre-designed rate model. This model is usually established based on a large amount of experimental data and theoretical analysis, and can comprehensively consider the impact of multiple factors on printing quality. The printer will first input the complexity of the first pattern into the model. The higher the complexity, the model will tend to reduce the printing speed to ensure accuracy. Then, the printer will input the temperature and viscosity of the first material. These two parameters will affect the fluidity and curing speed of the material, thereby affecting the applicable printing speed. Finally, the printer will consider the parameters of the print head, such as the accuracy limit and maximum movement speed of the print head.

[0052] In some embodiments, the optimal print rate can be determined in a variety of ways: Optionally, the printer can use a multi-factor weighted model, first assigning a weight to each input parameter based on experience or previous optimization results; then, the printer multiplies each parameter value by its corresponding weight; then, all weighted values ​​are summed to obtain a composite score; finally, the printer converts this composite score into a specific print rate using a pre-set mapping function. Alternatively, the printer can employ machine learning methods, first using a large amount of historical printing data to train a neural network model capable of learning the complex relationship between parameters and optimal print speed; then, in actual use, the current parameters are input into the trained model; then, the model performs inference calculations based on the input parameters; and finally, outputs a predicted optimal print rate. It is understood that other methods can also be used to determine the optimal print rate, such as using fuzzy logic to control the printer or combining expert printers with a rule library to determine the print rate, which are not limited here.

[0053] S106 : When printing in the first printing area, control the printing speed to be the first printing rate.

[0054] Among them, the first printing area refers to the area currently being printed; controlling the printing speed means adjusting the movement of the 3D printer and the material extrusion speed; and the first printing rate refers to the optimal printing speed for the first printing area calculated by a preset rate model.

[0055] Specifically, when the 3D printer is ready to start printing the first printing area, the printer will apply the first printing rate calculated previously to the actual printing process. This process involves the collaborative work of the printer hardware and control software. First, the printer will convert the first printing rate into specific machine instructions, which include the movement speed of the print head in the X, Y, and Z directions, as well as the rate of material extrusion. These instructions will then be sent to the printer's control printer. The control printer will adjust the movement speed of the print head and the material extrusion speed in real time to match the calculated first printing rate. During the printing process of the entire first printing area, the printer will continue to monitor the actual printing speed to ensure that it is consistent with the set first printing rate, unless special circumstances require temporary adjustment.

[0056] In some embodiments, printing speed control can be achieved through various methods: Alternatively, the printer can employ an open-loop control method, first converting a first printing rate into a specific stepper motor pulse frequency and material extruder speed. The printer then generates a corresponding G-code instruction sequence, detailing the print head's motion path and speed. These G-code instructions are then sent to the printer's control board. Finally, the control board precisely controls the movement of each motor according to the received instructions, thereby achieving the preset printing speed. Alternatively, the printer can employ a closed-loop feedback control method, first setting a first printing rate to a target value. During printing, the printer monitors the actual print head speed and material extrusion speed in real time using various sensors (such as encoders and photoelectric sensors). The printer then compares the actual speed with the target speed and calculates the deviation. Based on this deviation, the printer adjusts the motor drive signals in real time to ensure that the actual printing speed approaches and remains at the target speed.

[0057] After combining the above scenarios, the following is a more detailed description of the process of the method provided by this implementation. Figure 2 , which is another flow chart of the intelligent control method of 3D wax model printing rate in an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] S201 : When printing in the first printing area, control the printing speed to be the first printing rate.

[0059] It is understandable that this step is similar to step S106 and will not be described again here.

[0060] S202. Obtain a collection of other pattern complexities of other printing areas, and calculate a collection of other material temperatures and a collection of other material viscosities corresponding to the other printing areas based on the temperature change curve and the material viscosity change curve. The other printing areas are all printing areas except the first printing area.

[0061] Among them, "other printing areas" refers to all areas that need to be printed during the 3D wax model printing process, except for the first printing area; the "other pattern complexity collection" represents the set of structural complexities of these areas, with each area corresponding to a complexity value; the temperature change curve is used to describe the change in the temperature of the wax material over time or other factors; the material viscosity change curve represents the trend of the change in the viscosity of the wax material with temperature or other factors; the "other material temperature collection" refers to the set of wax material temperatures when printing each other area is expected to begin; the "other material viscosity collection" refers to the set of wax material viscosities when printing each other area is expected to begin. For example, when making a complex jewelry wax model, in addition to the base area (the first printing area) that is printed first, other areas include detailed patterns, overhanging parts that require support structures, etc.

[0062] After the 3D wax model printer completes processing of the first printing area, the printer continues to process all remaining printing areas. Specifically, the printer first traverses all other printing areas and obtains the pattern complexity values ​​of each area, which are calculated in the previous steps by analyzing the geometric features of the 3D model. Then, the printer uses the known temperature change curve and material viscosity change curve, combined with the time point when each area is expected to start printing, to calculate the corresponding material temperature and viscosity. This calculation process takes into account multiple factors, such as the temperature change of the printer workbench, the ambient temperature, the time required for printing the previous area, etc. For example, for a large wax model that needs to replace the wax material in the middle of the printing process, the printer considers the impact of the newly added wax material on the overall temperature and viscosity, and includes these factors in the calculation. To improve the calculation accuracy, the printer uses a thermal conduction model to simulate the temperature distribution changes of the wax material throughout the printing process, and uses a fluid mechanics model to predict the material viscosity at different positions and time points.

[0063] S203. Calculate all other printing rate sets of the other printing areas according to the other pattern complexity sets, the other material temperature sets, and the other material viscosity sets.

[0064] The "Other Print Rates" set represents the optimal print speeds for all areas except the first print area; the "Other Pattern Complexity" set represents the numerical values ​​for the structural complexity of these areas; the "Other Material Temperatures" set represents the wax material temperatures expected to begin printing each of these areas; and the "Other Material Viscosities" set represents the wax material viscosities expected to begin printing each of these areas. For example, when printing a fine wax ring, different parts (such as the shank, setting, and decorative pattern) require different print rates.

[0065] After the 3D wax printer completes collecting parameters for the remaining print zones, it enters the print rate calculation phase. Specifically, the printer calculates the optimal print rate for each additional print zone. This calculation involves inputting the pattern complexity, expected material temperature, and expected material viscosity for that zone into a pre-set rate model. This model, developed based on extensive experimental data and empirical experience, comprehensively considers multiple factors that influence wax pattern quality. For example, for more complex areas (such as fine patterns), the model recommends a lower print speed to ensure accurate details; whereas for less complex areas (such as flat surfaces), a higher print speed is permitted. The model also considers the impact of material temperature and viscosity on printing quality. For example, when the material temperature is high and the viscosity is low, the print speed is reduced to prevent deformation caused by excessive material flow. To optimize the calculation results, the printer employs machine learning algorithms, such as neural networks or support vector machines, which continuously improve the accuracy of rate predictions by learning from a large amount of historical printing data.

[0066] S204. When printing in the other printing area, control the printing speed to be a printing speed in the other printing speed set.

[0067] The "other print areas" refers to all areas that need to be printed except the first print area. Controlling the print speed refers to adjusting the 3D wax printer's nozzle movement speed and wax material extrusion rate. The "other print rate set" refers to the pre-calculated optimal print speed set for these areas. For example, when printing a complex wax jewelry piece, different print speeds are used for different parts (such as the main body, decorative details, and support structures).

[0068] After the 3D wax printer completes printing the first print area, it begins processing the remaining print areas in sequence. Specifically, for each additional print area, the printer extracts the corresponding rate value from the previously calculated set of other print rates. The printer then converts this rate value into specific machine control instructions, including the print head movement speed in the x, y, and z directions, as well as the wax extrusion rate. These instructions are sent to the printer's control unit, which adjusts the printing process in real time. For example, when printing an area requiring fine detail, the printer significantly reduces the print speed and the amount of wax extruded to ensure high-precision printing. Conversely, for areas requiring large fill areas, the printer increases the print speed to improve efficiency. To ensure consistent print quality, the printer utilizes a closed-loop control method, using various sensors (such as infrared temperature sensors and pressure sensors) to monitor various parameters during the printing process in real time and dynamically fine-tune the print speed based on this feedback data.

[0069] S205 : Detecting the real-time material parameters and the real-time nozzle parameters to obtain the real-time temperature and the real-time viscosity.

[0070] Real-time material parameters refer to the current physical state of the wax material during the 3D wax printing process, including temperature and viscosity. Real-time nozzle parameters refer to the operating parameters of the print nozzle, such as nozzle temperature and pressure. Real-time temperature refers to the actual temperature of the wax material. Real-time viscosity indicates the fluidity or consistency of the wax material. For example, when printing a delicate wax ring, the printer continuously monitors the temperature and viscosity of the wax material to ensure that the material remains in optimal working condition.

[0071] During the printing process, the printer uses multiple sensors to monitor the status of the material and printhead in real time. Specifically, the printer has installed high-precision thermocouple temperature sensors on the printhead to measure the real-time temperature of the wax material. These sensors collect temperature data multiple times per second, ensuring real-time and accurate temperature monitoring. Simultaneously, the printer uses a specialized viscometer to measure the real-time viscosity of the wax material. This viscometer determines the viscosity of the material by measuring its flow characteristics. Using advanced measurement technologies such as rotational or vibrational methods, it can perform continuous measurements during the material flow process. The printer also monitors printhead operating parameters such as printhead temperature and extrusion pressure. These data are collected by sensors integrated into the printhead.

[0072] S206: Input the first pattern complexity, the real-time temperature, the real-time viscosity, and the print head parameters into the preset rate model to generate a real-time printing rate.

[0073] The first pattern complexity refers to the structural complexity of the area currently being printed (the first printing area); the real-time temperature refers to the actual temperature of the wax material currently measured; the real-time viscosity indicates the fluidity or consistency of the wax material currently measured; the print head parameters include working status indicators such as the print head temperature and pressure; the preset rate model is an algorithm or mathematical model that calculates the optimal printing speed based on the input parameters; the real-time printing rate refers to the most suitable printing speed calculated based on the current conditions.

[0074] After acquiring real-time data, the printer immediately inputs the data into the preset rate model for calculation. The preset rate model is a complex multivariable function that takes into account the influence of multiple factors such as pattern complexity, material temperature, material viscosity, and nozzle parameters on printing quality. This model is built based on a large amount of experimental data and theoretical analysis, and uses machine learning algorithms such as deep neural networks or support vector regression. The input layer of the model receives the current first pattern complexity, real-time temperature, real-time viscosity and print head parameters. In the middle layer of the model, the printer conducts a comprehensive analysis of these parameters, considering their interactions and their impact on printing quality. For example, higher pattern complexity usually requires a lower printing speed, but if the material temperature is high, the speed needs to be further reduced to prevent excessive flow of the material. The output layer of the model ultimately generates an optimized real-time printing rate.

[0075] S207: Change the printing speed from the first printing speed to the real-time printing speed.

[0076] Print speed refers to the rate at which a 3D wax printer's nozzle moves and extrudes material. The initial print speed is the initially set print speed, while the real-time print speed is the optimal print speed calculated based on current conditions. For example, when printing a wax ring, the printer will adjust the initial print speed of 60 mm / s to a calculated 45 mm / s based on current conditions to accommodate the delicate, hollowed-out portion being printed.

[0077] After obtaining the new real-time print rate, the printer immediately initiates the speed adjustment process. First, the printer controller converts the new rate value into specific motor control commands. These commands include speed adjustments for the stepper motors in the X, Y, and Z axes, as well as the extruder speed, which controls material extrusion. The printer then uses an interpolation algorithm to create a smooth speed change curve to prevent sudden speed fluctuations from adversely affecting print quality. This process typically completes within a few milliseconds. Next, the printer sends these commands to the drivers of each motor at a high frequency (typically thousands of times per second). Upon receiving the commands, the drivers immediately adjust their current output, changing the motor speed. For XY movement, the printer uses a high-precision belt drive or lead screw mechanism to precisely control the position and speed of the printhead. Adjustment of the Z axis is achieved using a precision lifting platform. Simultaneously, the extruder speed is adjusted accordingly to ensure that the material output matches the new print speed. The printer monitors speed changes in real time to ensure that the error between the actual speed and the target speed is kept to a very small range (typically less than 0.1 mm / s).

[0078] It is understandable that steps S205 to S207 may be performed after step S204 or after step S201, which is not limited here.

[0079] S208 : Perform image detection on the first printing layer of the first printing area to obtain a first uniformity and a first edge definition of the first printing layer.

[0080] The first print area refers to the first printed area in a 3D wax model; the first print layer refers to the bottom layer of this area; image inspection refers to the analysis of the print results using optical equipment and image processing technology; the first uniformity level indicates the consistency of material distribution on the surface of the printed layer; and the first edge clarity level refers to the clarity of the edge contour of the printed layer. For example, when printing a wax earring, the printer inspects the first layer of the base to assess whether its surface is flat and uniform, and whether the edges are clear and complete.

[0081] After completing the first layer of printing in the first print area, the printer immediately begins the image inspection process. High-resolution cameras capture the printed layers from multiple angles to obtain clear image data. These cameras are equipped with specialized macro lenses and ring-shaped LED lighting to ensure high-quality images at close range. After capturing, the printer processes the image, including operations such as denoising, contrast enhancement, and geometric correction. The printer then uses image analysis algorithms to evaluate the quality of the printed layer. To evaluate uniformity, the printer uses grayscale analysis and texture analysis techniques to calculate the standard deviation and local variance of the surface grayscale values. Smaller standard deviation and variance indicate higher uniformity. Edge clarity is evaluated using edge detection algorithms, such as the Canny edge detector or the Sobel operator. The printer calculates the gradient value and continuity of edge pixels. Higher gradient values ​​and better continuity indicate clearer edges.

[0082] S209: If the first uniformity is less than a preset uniformity threshold or the first edge definition is less than a preset definition threshold, reduce the printing speed to a preset printing threshold.

[0083] The first uniformity refers to the consistency of material distribution on the surface of the first printed layer; the preset uniformity threshold is the minimum acceptable uniformity value preset by the printer; the first edge clarity refers to the clarity of the edge outline of the first printed layer; the preset clarity threshold is the minimum acceptable edge clarity value preset by the printer; the print speed refers to the rate at which the 3D wax printer nozzle moves and extrudes material; the preset print threshold is the minimum print speed limit preset by the printer. For example, when printing a fine wax ring, if the printer detects that the first layer uniformity of the base is less than 0.8 (assuming a full score of 1), or the edge clarity is less than 0.75, the print speed will be reduced from the current 50mm / s to the preset 30mm / s.

[0084] After completing image detection of the first printed layer, the printer immediately evaluates the detection results. The printer first compares the obtained first uniformity value with the preset uniformity threshold. Simultaneously, the printer also compares the first edge clarity value with the preset clarity threshold. If the first uniformity value is less than the preset uniformity threshold, or the first edge clarity value is less than the preset clarity threshold, the printer determines that the current print quality does not meet the requirements. In this case, the printer immediately initiates the speed adjustment procedure. The printer compares the current print speed value with the preset print threshold and then generates a new speed control instruction to reduce the print speed to the preset print threshold. This process involves adjusting the stepper motor speeds of the X, Y, and Z axes, as well as adjusting the material extrusion speed. The printer uses an interpolation algorithm to generate a smooth deceleration curve to ensure that speed changes do not have any additional negative impact on print quality.

[0085] It is understandable that steps S208 to S209 may be performed after step S207 or after step S201, which is not limited here.

[0086] S210 , collecting printing parameters of the 3D wax model printer to obtain a current print head temperature, a current wax model thickness, and a current printing speed.

[0087] The current print head temperature refers to the actual temperature of the print head at that moment; the current wax model thickness refers to the actual thickness of the printed portion; and the current print speed refers to the actual rate of movement of the 3D wax printer's print head and material extrusion. For example, when printing a complex wax necklace pendant, the printer collects real-time data showing a print head temperature of 65°C, a printed portion thickness of 2.5mm, and a current print speed of 40mm / s.

[0088] The printer uses multiple sensors to collect key parameters of the 3D wax model printer in real time. For current print head temperature, a high-precision thermocouple temperature sensor is installed on the print head. This sensor responds quickly to temperature changes and collects temperature data multiple times per second, ensuring real-time and accurate temperature monitoring. This temperature data is converted to a digital signal via an analog-to-digital converter and then transmitted to the printer's data processing module. The current wax model thickness is measured using a precision laser rangefinder. This sensor, installed near the print head, moves with the print head and continuously measures the distance between the build platform and the print surface. By subtracting this distance from the known initial height, the printer determines the current wax model thickness. The laser rangefinder typically has a resolution of microns, ensuring high-precision thickness measurement. The current print speed is determined by analyzing the encoder signals from the stepper motors. The printer reads the encoder pulse signals from the X- and Y-axis stepper motors in real time and calculates the current print speed by counting the number of pulses per unit time.

[0089] S211. Calculate a current printing status score of the 3D wax model printer according to the current print head temperature, the current wax model thickness, and the current printing speed.

[0090] The current print head temperature refers to the actual temperature of the print head at that moment; the current wax pattern thickness refers to the actual thickness of the printed portion; the current print speed refers to the actual rate of movement of the 3D wax printer's nozzle and material extrusion; and the current print status score is a numerical indicator that comprehensively reflects print quality. For example, when printing a delicate wax bracelet, the printer calculates a current print status score of 85 (out of a maximum of 100) based on the recorded print head temperature of 68°C, wax pattern thickness of 1.8mm, and print speed of 35mm / s.

[0091] The printer uses a complex multivariable function model to calculate the current print status score. This model considers the combined impact of three key parameters, print head temperature, wax pattern thickness, and print speed, on print quality. First, the printer compares the current print head temperature with the preset optimal temperature range. The further the temperature deviates from the optimal range, the greater the negative impact on the score. The printer uses a Gaussian distribution function to calculate the temperature factor score, with the optimal temperature range receiving the highest score and the further the deviation, the lower the score. The printer compares the current wax pattern thickness with the preset target thickness. The printer uses linear interpolation to calculate the thickness factor score, with the closer the thickness is to the target value, the higher the score. The current print speed is then compared with the preset optimal speed range. The printer uses a piecewise function to calculate the speed factor score, with the highest score within the optimal speed range and a lower score for speeds above or below this range. The printer then combines the scores of these three factors using a weighted average. The weights are based on extensive experimental data and experience, reflecting the degree of influence each factor has on the final print quality. For example, the weights for temperature are set to 0.4, thickness to 0.3, and speed to 0.3. Finally, the printer normalizes the weighted average result to obtain a score between 0 and 100.

[0092] S212: If the current printing status score is lower than a preset score threshold, generate a correction coefficient according to the current printing status score.

[0093] The Current Print Status Score is a numerical indicator that comprehensively reflects print quality; the Preset Score Threshold is the printer's preset minimum acceptable Print Status Score; and the Correction Factor is a numerical factor used to adjust printing parameters. For example, when printing a complex wax model brooch, if the printer calculates a Current Print Status Score of 75, which is below the preset threshold of 80, the printer will generate a Correction Factor of 0.9 for subsequent parameter adjustments.

[0094] After the printer calculates the current print status score, it immediately compares it with a preset score threshold. If the current print status score falls below the preset score threshold, the printer determines that the current print quality does not meet requirements and requires parameter adjustment. In this case, the printer initiates the correction factor generation process. The correction factor is generated based on the difference between the current print status score and the preset score threshold. The printer uses a nonlinear mapping function to calculate the correction factor. This function is designed so that when the score is close to the threshold, the generated correction factor changes slightly to avoid over-adjustment; when the score is far below the threshold, the generated correction factor changes significantly to make a significant adjustment. Specifically, the printer first calculates the score difference percentage: (preset score threshold - current print status score) / preset score threshold. The printer then applies this percentage to a pre-set nonlinear function, such as an exponential or sigmoid function, to obtain a preliminary correction factor. The printer then clips this preliminary correction factor to ensure it remains within a reasonable range, typically between 0.7 and 1.3. This prevents printing instability caused by over-adjustment. Finally, the printer rounds this correction factor to two decimal places to facilitate subsequent parameter adjustment calculations.

[0095] S213: Calculate a second print rate set based on the correction coefficient and the other print rate sets.

[0096] The correction factor is a numerical factor used to adjust printing parameters. The "other print speed set" refers to the originally planned print speed set for areas other than the first print area. The "second print speed set" is the new print speed set adjusted based on the correction factor. For example, when printing a complex wax bracelet, the original planned other print speed set is {40mm / s, 35mm / s, 30mm / s}, corresponding to the bracelet's main body, decorative elements, and details. If the printer generates a correction factor of 0.9, the calculated second print speed set will be {36mm / s, 31.5mm / s, 27mm / s}.

[0097] The printer first reads the previously generated correction coefficient and the pre-set additional print rate set. The additional print rate set typically contains multiple speed values ​​corresponding to different parts of the 3D wax model or areas of varying complexity. The printer processes each speed value in the additional print rate set one by one. For each speed value, the printer multiplies it by the correction coefficient to obtain a new, adjusted speed value. This multiplication is performed with floating-point precision to ensure accuracy. The calculated new speed value is then rounded, typically to one decimal place, to maintain the 3D printer's speed control accuracy. During this rounding process, the printer uses rounding to ensure that the adjusted speed value meets actual requirements while remaining as close to the theoretical calculated result as possible. The printer also performs a plausibility check on the calculated new speed value. The printer has minimum and maximum speed limits, typically based on the printer's hardware capabilities and material properties. If the calculated new speed value exceeds this range, the printer will clamp it to the maximum or minimum allowed value. All adjusted speed values ​​form a new set, the second print rate set.

[0098] S214. When printing in the other printing area, control the printing speed to be a printing speed in the second printing speed set.

[0099] The "other print area" refers to the rest of the 3D wax model outside the first print area. The second print rate set is a new set of print speeds adjusted based on the correction factor. The print speed refers to the rate at which the 3D wax printer nozzle moves and extrudes material. For example, when printing a delicate wax ring, the "other print area" includes the ring's main body, inlay, and decorative texture. If the second print rate set is {35mm / s, 30mm / s, 25mm / s}, the printer will print the ring's main body at 35mm / s, the inlay at 30mm / s, and the decorative texture at 25mm / s.

[0100] When the 3D wax printer begins printing another print area, it immediately activates the speed control module. The speed control module first reads the second print rate set stored in memory. The printer selects the appropriate print speed from this second set based on the characteristics of the area currently being printed. This selection process is based on a pre-defined printing strategy, which associates different print speeds with specific model areas or features. For example, a higher print speed is selected for larger, flat areas, while a lower print speed is selected for fine details. After selecting a speed, the printer generates corresponding motion control instructions. These instructions include the movement speeds of the X, Y, and Z axes, as well as the material extrusion speed. These motion control instructions are sent to the drivers of each motor via a dedicated communication protocol. Upon receiving the instructions, the drivers adjust the output current and pulse frequency to precisely control the stepper motor speed. Simultaneously, the material extrusion printer receives the corresponding speed control instructions and adjusts the speed of the extrusion gear to ensure that the material extrusion speed matches the print head movement speed. The printer also monitors the actual printing speed in real time, using a closed-loop feedback mechanism to ensure that the error between the actual speed and the target speed is within ±0.1 mm / s.

[0101] It is understandable that steps S211 to S214 may be performed after step S209 or after step S201, which is not limited here.

[0102] S215 , performing image detection on the current printing layer of the current printing area during the printing process to obtain the current uniformity and the current edge definition of the current printing layer.

[0103] The current printing area refers to the area in the 3D wax model where printing is currently taking place. The current printing layer refers to the layer being printed in this area. Image detection refers to the analysis of printing results using optical equipment and image processing technology. The current uniformity indicates the consistency of the material distribution on the surface of the current printing layer. The current edge clarity refers to the clarity of the edge contour of the current printing layer.

[0104] During the printing process, the printer continuously performs real-time image inspection of each layer in the current printing area. A high-resolution camera is mounted next to the print head and moves with it, ensuring clear images of each completed layer. The camera is equipped with a specialized macro lens and a ring-shaped LED printer illumination system, ensuring high-quality images at close range. Each time a layer is printed, the printer triggers the camera to capture the image. After capture, the image data is immediately transmitted to the image processing module. The image processing module first pre-processes the raw image, including noise removal, contrast enhancement, and geometric correction. The pre-processed image then enters the analysis phase. To assess uniformity, the printer uses grayscale analysis and texture analysis techniques. The printer calculates the grayscale value distribution of the image and uses statistical metrics such as standard deviation and local variance to quantify uniformity. Smaller standard deviation and variance indicate greater uniformity. The printer also uses Fourier transform to analyze the frequency distribution of surface texture. A higher proportion of low-frequency components indicates a more uniform surface. Edge sharpness is assessed using edge detection algorithms such as the Canny edge detector or the Sobel operator. The printer calculates the gradient and continuity of edge pixels. Higher gradients and greater continuity indicate sharper edges. The printer also uses sub-pixel edge location technology to improve edge location accuracy. All of these analysis results are normalized to a value between 0 and 1, representing the current uniformity and edge clarity, respectively.

[0105] S216: Calculate the print quality of the current printing area according to the current uniformity and the current edge definition.

[0106] Current uniformity refers to the consistency of material distribution on the surface of the current print layer of a 3D wax model, typically expressed as a value between 0 and 1, with 1 indicating perfect uniformity. Current edge sharpness refers to the sharpness of the edge outline of the current print layer, also expressed as a value between 0 and 1, with 1 indicating a perfectly sharp edge. Current print area refers to the specific portion of the 3D wax model being printed. Print quality is an overall quality assessment that takes into account factors such as uniformity and edge sharpness, and is also typically expressed as a value between 0 and 1, with 1 indicating the highest quality. For example, when printing a delicate wax brooch, the printer detects the petals being printed. Assuming the detected current uniformity is 0.85 and the current edge sharpness is 0.9, the printer will calculate the overall print quality of the petals based on these two indicators.

[0107] The printer first obtains the current uniformity and edge definition values ​​from the image analysis module. Both values ​​have been normalized to a range between 0 and 1. Next, the printer initiates the quality calculation algorithm. This algorithm uses a weighted averaging method to combine uniformity and edge definition. The printer assigns different levels of importance to uniformity and edge definition based on pre-set weighting factors. For example, for wax models requiring highly detailed surfaces, uniformity is weighted at 0.6, while edge definition is weighted at 0.4. The printer uses these weights in the weighted calculation: Print Quality = Uniformity * Weight 1 + Edge Definition * Weight 2. During the calculation, the printer also considers the specific requirements of the current printing area. For example, for flat areas of the wax model, the printer increases the weight of uniformity; for areas with rich details, the printer increases the weight of edge definition. This dynamic weighting adjustment ensures that the quality assessment better reflects the specific requirements of different areas. Furthermore, the printer incorporates a nonlinear mapping function to adjust the final quality score.

[0108] S217: If the print quality is lower than a preset quality threshold, a first prompt message is sent to the client.

[0109] The preset quality threshold is the printer's pre-set minimum acceptable print quality standard, typically a value between 0 and 1. The first prompt is a warning message sent by the printer when it detects that print quality does not meet the standard. The client is the terminal device that receives the printer's information, which can be an operator's computer, mobile device, or dedicated control panel. For example, if the printer's preset quality threshold is set to 0.8, and the calculated print quality of a certain area of ​​a complex wax model ring is 0.75, the printer will immediately send a warning message to the operator's control panel, indicating that the print quality of this area is below standard.

[0110] The printer first obtains the print quality value of the current print area from the quality calculation module. Simultaneously, the printer reads the preset quality threshold, which varies depending on the product type or customer requirements, pre-stored in the configuration file. The printer uses a simple numerical comparison operation to compare the current print quality with the preset quality threshold. If the current print quality falls below the preset quality threshold, the printer immediately triggers a warning mechanism. The warning mechanism first generates a first prompt message containing several key pieces of information: the current timestamp, the identification of the problematic print area, the actual print quality value, the preset quality threshold, and the specific manifestations of the substandard quality (such as insufficient uniformity or blurred edges). The printer uses a predefined message template to populate this information into the template, forming a structured warning message. The warning message is then sent to the client.

[0111] It is understandable that steps S215 to S217 may be performed after step S214 or after step S201, which is not limited here.

[0112] After step S217, the following steps may also be included:

[0113] The real-time nozzle parameters are detected to obtain the real-time accuracy and real-time speed range.

[0114] In this step, real-time printhead parameters refer to the actual operating status of the 3D wax printer's printhead during the printing process; real-time accuracy refers to the current positioning of the printhead and the accuracy of material deposition; and real-time speed range refers to the range of variation in the current movement of the printhead and the material extrusion speed. For example, when printing a delicate wax ring, the printer continuously monitors the operating status of the printhead. Assume that at a certain moment, the real-time accuracy of the printhead is detected to be ±0.05mm, and the real-time speed range is 20-40mm / s.

[0115] The printer first activates the printhead parameter detection module. This module contains multiple precision sensors for monitoring the printhead's position, temperature, pressure, and material flow rate. Position detection uses a high-precision optical encoder, capable of tracking the printhead's real-time position along the X, Y, and Z axes with micron-level accuracy. Temperature detection employs thermocouples or infrared sensors to continuously monitor the temperature of the printhead's heater unit and nozzle. Pressure detection uses a pressure sensor to monitor pressure changes as the material is extruded through the printer. Material flow rate detection is achieved using a precision gear flow meter or laser rangefinder. These sensors collect data at a high frequency (typically hundreds of times per second) to capture instantaneous changes in printhead status. Real-time accuracy is first calculated by comparing the actual printhead position with the theoretical position to calculate the position error. For example, if 95% of the position errors are within ±0.05mm, the printer will determine the real-time accuracy as ±0.05mm. To calculate the real-time speed range, the printer analyzes printhead position changes over a short period of time (e.g., 0.1 seconds) to determine the instantaneous speed. The printer then calculates all instantaneous velocities over a specific time period (e.g., the last 5 seconds) to determine a speed range, such as 20-40 mm / s. This range reflects the dynamic characteristics of the printhead speed. The printer also considers the material extrusion speed to ensure it matches the printhead movement speed.

[0116] The accuracy difference between the real-time accuracy and the nozzle accuracy is calculated, and the speed difference between the real-time speed range and the motion speed range is calculated.

[0117] In this step, nozzle accuracy refers to the design or nominal accuracy level of the 3D wax printer nozzle; motion speed range refers to the expected speed variation range of the nozzle under normal operating conditions; accuracy difference is the deviation between the real-time accuracy and the nozzle accuracy; speed difference is the difference between the real-time speed range and the motion speed range. For example, if the nominal accuracy of the nozzle is ±0.03mm, and the real-time detected accuracy is ±0.05mm, the accuracy difference is 0.02mm. Similarly, if the expected motion speed range is 25-45mm / s, and the real-time detected speed range is 20-40mm / s, the difference between these two ranges needs to be calculated.

[0118] The printer first reads the standard values ​​for printhead accuracy and speed range from the configuration database. These standard values ​​are determined during the printer design and calibration phase and represent the device's performance parameters under ideal conditions. The printer then accesses the real-time database to obtain the recently detected real-time accuracy and speed range data. To calculate the accuracy difference, the printer uses simple numerical subtraction. It subtracts the absolute value of the printhead accuracy from the absolute value of the real-time accuracy to obtain the accuracy difference. For example, if the real-time accuracy is ±0.05mm and the printhead accuracy is ±0.03mm, the accuracy difference is 0.02mm. The printer first calculates the median and width of the real-time speed range, as well as the median and width of the speed range. The printer then compares these two sets of medians and widths. The difference in medians reflects the overall speed deviation, while the difference in width reflects the degree of speed fluctuation. The printer uses a weighted average method to combine the median and width differences into a single speed difference metric. For example, if the real-time speed range is 20-40 mm / s (median 30 mm / s, width 20 mm / s) and the motion speed range is 25-45 mm / s (median 35 mm / s, width 20 mm / s), the median difference is 5 mm / s and the width difference is 0 mm / s. Assuming the printer weights the median difference and width difference at 0.7 and 0.3, respectively, the final speed difference will be 3.5 mm / s.

[0119] If the accuracy difference is greater than a preset accuracy difference threshold or the speed difference is greater than a preset speed difference threshold, a second prompt message is sent to the client.

[0120] In this step, the preset accuracy difference threshold is the maximum acceptable accuracy deviation set by the printer; the preset speed difference threshold is the maximum speed deviation allowed by the printer; the second prompt message is a warning message sent by the printer when it detects a parameter anomaly; and the client is the terminal device that receives the printer information, which can be an operator's console or mobile device. For example, if the printer's preset accuracy difference threshold is set to 0.015mm and the preset speed difference threshold is set to 3mm / s, and the actual detected accuracy difference is 0.02mm or the speed difference is 3.5mm / s, the printer will send a warning message to the operator's console indicating that the printhead parameters are abnormal.

[0121] The printer first reads the preset accuracy and speed difference thresholds from the configuration database. These thresholds are pre-set based on device performance specifications and product quality requirements. The printer then retrieves the newly calculated accuracy and speed difference values ​​stored in memory. Using simple conditional logic, the printer compares the actual difference values ​​with the preset thresholds. Specifically, the printer performs two independent comparisons: one to check whether the accuracy difference value exceeds the preset accuracy difference threshold, and the other to check whether the speed difference value exceeds the preset speed difference threshold. If either of these conditions is true, the printer triggers the warning mechanism. The warning mechanism first generates a second prompt message. This message contains the following key information: the current timestamp, the type of parameter abnormality (accuracy or speed), the actual difference value, the preset threshold value, and an analysis of the cause. Using a predefined message template, the printer populates this information into a structured warning message, which is then sent to the client.

[0122] The following describes the 3D wax model printer in the embodiment of the present invention from the perspective of hardware processing. Figure 3 , is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of the 3D wax model printer in an embodiment of the present application.

[0123] It should be noted that Figure 3 The structure of the 3D wax model printer shown is only an example and should not limit the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0124] like Figure 3As shown, the 3D wax model printer includes a central processing unit (CPU) 301, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes, such as executing the methods described in the above embodiments, based on programs stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 302 or programs loaded from a storage unit 308 into a random access memory (RAM) 303. RAM 303 also stores various programs and data required for system operation. CPU 301, ROM 302, and RAM 303 are interconnected via a bus 304. An input / output (I / O) interface 305 is also connected to bus 304.

[0125] The following components are connected to the I / O interface 305: an input section 306 including an audio input device, push button switches, and the like; an output section 307 including a liquid crystal display (LCD), an audio output device, indicator lights, and the like; a storage section 308 including a hard disk and the like; and a communication section 309 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card or a modem. The communication section 309 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 310 is also connected to the I / O interface 305 as needed. Removable media 311, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory, is installed in the drive 310 as needed, so that computer programs read from the removable media can be installed in the storage section 308 as needed.

[0126] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program including a computer program for executing the methods illustrated in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via the communication section 309 and / or installed from removable media 311. When executed by the central processing unit (CPU) 301, the computer program performs the various functions defined in the present invention.

[0127] It should be noted that specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, an electrical connection having one or more conductors, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, optical fiber, portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0128] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. Each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, program segment, or part of the code, and the above-mentioned module, program segment, or part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings.

[0129] Specifically, the 3D wax model printer of this embodiment includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the intelligent control method of the 3D wax model printing rate provided in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0130] As another aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the 3D wax model printer described in the above embodiments, or may exist independently and not be incorporated into the 3D wax model printer. The storage medium carries one or more computer programs, which, when executed by a processor of the 3D wax model printer, enable the 3D wax model printer to implement the intelligent control method for 3D wax model printing rate provided in the above embodiments.

[0131] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0132] As used in the above embodiments, the term “when” may be interpreted to mean “if” or “after” or “in response to determining that” or “in response to detecting that”, depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases “upon determining that” or “if (stated condition or event) is detected” may be interpreted to mean “if determining that” or “in response to determining that” or “upon detecting (stated condition or event)” or “in response to detecting (stated condition or event)”, depending on the context.

[0133] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the process steps in the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing the relevant hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program can include the process steps in the above-described method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM or random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. An intelligent control method for 3D wax model printing rate, characterized in that: Applied to a 3D wax model printer, the method comprises: Obtaining the current printing pattern, printing material parameters, and printing head parameters, wherein the printing material parameters include the current printing material temperature and material viscosity, and the printing head parameters include the current printing head precision and movement speed range; Dividing the current printing pattern into multiple printing areas, and calculating the pattern complexity of each printing area to obtain a pattern complexity collection; Obtaining a temperature change curve and a material viscosity change curve of the current printing material from a preset material parameter database according to the printing material parameters; Obtaining a first pattern complexity of a first printing area, and calculating a first material temperature and a first material viscosity corresponding to the first printing area according to the temperature change curve and the material viscosity change curve; Inputting the first pattern complexity, the first material temperature, the first material viscosity, and the print head parameters into a preset rate model to generate a first printing rate; When the first printing area is printing, the printing speed is controlled to be the first printing rate.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After the step of controlling the printing speed to be the first printing rate when the first printing area is printing, the method further includes: Obtaining a collection of other pattern complexities of other printing areas, and calculating a collection of other material temperatures and a collection of other material viscosities corresponding to the other printing areas based on the temperature change curve and the material viscosity change curve, wherein the other printing areas are all printing areas except the first printing area; Calculating all other printing rate sets of the other printing areas according to the other pattern complexity sets, the other material temperature sets, and the other material viscosity sets; When the other printing areas are printing, the printing speed is controlled to be a printing speed in the other printing speed set.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that After the step of controlling the printing speed to be a printing speed in the set of other printing speeds when the other printing areas are printing, the method further comprises: Detect real-time material parameters and real-time nozzle parameters to obtain real-time temperature and real-time viscosity; Inputting the first pattern complexity, the real-time temperature, the real-time viscosity and the print head parameters into the preset rate model to generate a real-time printing rate; The printing speed is changed from the first printing rate to the real-time printing rate.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that After the step of controlling the printing speed to be a printing speed in the set of other printing speeds when the other printing areas are printing, the method further comprises: Performing image detection on the first printed layer of the first printed area to obtain a first uniformity and a first edge definition of the first printed layer; If the first uniformity is less than a preset uniformity threshold or the first edge definition is less than a preset definition threshold, the printing speed is reduced to a preset printing threshold.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that After the step of controlling the printing speed to be a printing speed in the set of other printing speeds when the other printing areas are printing, the method further comprises: Collecting printing parameters of the 3D wax model printer to obtain the current print head temperature, current wax model thickness and current printing speed; Calculating a current printing status score of the 3D wax model printer according to the current print head temperature, the current wax model thickness, and the current printing speed; If the current printing status score is lower than a preset score threshold, generating a correction coefficient according to the current printing status score; Calculating a second set of print rates based on the correction coefficient and the other set of print rates; When the other printing areas are printing, the printing speed is controlled to be a printing speed in the second printing speed set.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that After the step of controlling the printing speed to be a printing speed in the set of other printing speeds when the other printing areas are printing, the method further comprises: Performing image detection on the current printing layer of the current printing area during the printing process to obtain the current uniformity and current edge clarity of the current printing layer; Calculating the print quality of the current printing area according to the current uniformity and the current edge definition; If the printing quality is lower than a preset quality threshold, a first prompt message is sent to the client.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that After the step of sending a first prompt message to the client if the print quality is lower than a preset quality threshold, the method further includes: Detect the real-time nozzle parameters to obtain the real-time accuracy and real-time speed range; Calculating the accuracy difference between the real-time accuracy and the nozzle accuracy, and calculating the speed difference between the real-time speed range and the motion speed range; If the accuracy difference is greater than a preset accuracy difference threshold or the speed difference is greater than a preset speed difference threshold, a second prompt message is sent to the client.

8. A 3D wax model printer, characterized in that: The 3D wax model printer includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the 3D wax model printer to execute the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that: When the instructions are executed on a 3D wax model printer, the 3D wax model printer is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that When the computer program product is run on a 3D wax model printer, the 3D wax model printer is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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