Seismic data enhancement method, device, equipment, storage medium and product

Abstract

The present application discloses a method, device, equipment, storage medium and product for enhancing seismic data, which belongs to the field of geophysical seismic exploration technology. The method comprises: dividing the first seismic data into a plurality of CMP gathers with a common center point; dividing the super gather corresponding to the CMP gather into a plurality of sub-super gathers corresponding to time windows; performing time shift correction on the first seismic trace in the CMP gather based on the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window, determining a plurality of second seismic traces from the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window, determining similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces respectively, and superimposing the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces based on the obtained similarity parameter values ​​to obtain the second seismic data corresponding to the time window; interpolating the overlapping parts of two adjacent time windows based on the second seismic data corresponding to the plurality of time windows to obtain the third seismic data of the target work area. The present application can improve the imaging quality of seismic data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of geophysical seismic exploration technology, and in particular to a seismic data enhancement method, device, equipment, storage medium and product. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous deepening of exploration, oil and gas exploration in complex areas and reservoirs has become a major target of geophysical exploration. Oil and gas exploration in complex areas and reservoirs is a very complex system engineering project. Enhancing seismic data to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and thus the imaging quality of seismic data is a key step in seismic exploration data processing in complex areas.

[0003] In the current field of geophysical exploration, seismic data is enhanced using conventional signal enhancement techniques. However, conventional signal enhancement techniques lack amplitude preservation, which results in poor enhancement of seismic data and unsatisfactory imaging quality based on the enhanced seismic data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and product for enhancing seismic data, which can improve the imaging quality of seismic data. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In one aspect, a method for enhancing seismic data is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Dividing the first seismic data collected based on the target work area into a plurality of common center point CMP gathers, wherein the plurality of CMP gathers include a plurality of first seismic traces;

[0007] Determining super gathers corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers respectively to obtain a plurality of super gathers, wherein any super gather includes a plurality of second seismic traces;

[0008] For any super gather, the super gather is divided into sub-super gathers corresponding to a plurality of time windows, and two adjacent time windows overlap;

[0009] For any time window, performing time shift correction on the plurality of first seismic traces based on a sub-super gather corresponding to the time window, determining a plurality of second seismic traces from the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window for any first seismic trace after the time shift correction, determining similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces, and superimposing the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces based on the similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces to obtain second seismic data corresponding to the time window;

[0010] Based on the second seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows, the overlapping parts of two adjacent time windows are interpolated to obtain the third seismic data of the target work area.

[0011] In some embodiments, performing time shift correction on the plurality of first seismic traces based on the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window includes:

[0012] Determining, based on the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window, stacked seismic traces corresponding to each of the plurality of CMP gathers;

[0013] determining time shift values ​​corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers respectively based on the plurality of CMP gathers and the stacked seismic traces respectively corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers;

[0014] Based on the time shift values ​​respectively corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers, time shift correction is performed on the multiple first seismic traces in the multiple CMP gathers.

[0015] In some embodiments, determining the time shift values ​​corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers respectively based on the plurality of CMP gathers and the stacked seismic traces respectively corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers comprises:

[0016] For any CMP gather, a cross-correlation function is determined based on the CMP gather and its corresponding stacked seismic trace, where the cross-correlation function is a function with a time shift value as a variable;

[0017] A time shift value when the function value of the cross-correlation function is maximum is determined.

[0018] In some embodiments, determining a plurality of second seismic traces from the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window comprises:

[0019] determining an offset threshold and determining an offset of the first seismic trace;

[0020] determining an offset range based on the offset and the offset threshold;

[0021] A plurality of second seismic traces with offsets within the offset range are determined from the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window.

[0022] In some embodiments, superimposing the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces based on similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces to obtain the second seismic data corresponding to the time window includes:

[0023] Determining a plurality of third seismic traces based on similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces, wherein similarity parameter values ​​between the third seismic traces and the first seismic traces are greater than a preset threshold;

[0024] Based on the similarity parameter value between the first seismic trace and the plurality of third seismic traces, the first seismic trace and the plurality of third seismic traces are superimposed to obtain second seismic data corresponding to the first seismic trace in the time window.

[0025] In some embodiments, interpolating overlapping portions of two adjacent time windows based on the second seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows to obtain third seismic data of the target work area includes:

[0026] For any adjacent first time window and second time window, based on the second seismic data corresponding to the first time window and the second time window respectively, determine the first seismic sub-data and the second seismic sub-data corresponding to the first time window and the third seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data corresponding to the second time window respectively, the first seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data being the seismic sub-data of the non-overlapping part, and the second seismic sub-data and the third seismic sub-data being the seismic sub-data of the overlapping part;

[0027] Performing weighted superposition on the second seismic sub-data and the third seismic sub-data to obtain fifth seismic sub-data;

[0028] Combining the first seismic sub-data, the fifth seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data into fourth seismic data corresponding to the first time window and the second time window;

[0029] The fourth seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows are combined into the fourth seismic data of the target work area.

[0030] In another aspect, a device for enhancing seismic data is provided, the device comprising:

[0031] A first division module is configured to divide the first seismic data collected based on the target work area into a plurality of common center point CMP gathers, wherein the plurality of CMP gathers include a plurality of first seismic traces;

[0032] a determination module, configured to determine super gathers corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers, respectively, to obtain a plurality of super gathers, wherein any super gather includes a plurality of second seismic traces;

[0033] A second division module is configured to divide any super gather into sub-super gathers corresponding to a plurality of time windows, with two adjacent time windows overlapping;

[0034] an enhancement module configured to, for any time window, perform time-shift correction on the plurality of first seismic traces based on a sub-super-trace gather corresponding to the time window; determine, for any first seismic trace after time-shift correction, a plurality of second seismic traces from the sub-super-trace gather corresponding to the time window; determine similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces; and, based on the similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces, superimpose the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces to obtain second seismic data corresponding to the time window;

[0035] The interpolation module is used to interpolate the overlapping parts of two adjacent time windows based on the second seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows to obtain the third seismic data of the target work area.

[0036] In some embodiments, the enhancement module is used to determine the superimposed seismic traces respectively corresponding to the multiple CMP traces based on the sub-super trace corresponding to the time window; determine the time shift values ​​respectively corresponding to the multiple CMP traces based on the multiple CMP traces and the superimposed seismic traces respectively corresponding to the multiple CMP traces; and perform time shift correction on the multiple first seismic traces in the multiple CMP traces based on the time shift values ​​respectively corresponding to the multiple CMP traces.

[0037] In some embodiments, the enhancement module is used to determine, for any CMP data set, a cross-correlation function based on the CMP data set and its corresponding superimposed seismic trace, where the cross-correlation function is a function with a time shift value as a variable; and determine the time shift value when the function value of the cross-correlation function is maximum.

[0038] In some embodiments, the enhancement module is used to determine an offset threshold and determine the offset of the first seismic trace; determine an offset range based on the offset and the offset threshold; and determine multiple second seismic traces with offsets within the offset range from the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window.

[0039] In some embodiments, the enhancement module is used to determine multiple third seismic channels based on the similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic channel and the multiple second seismic channels, and the similarity parameter values ​​between the third seismic channels and the first seismic channel are greater than a preset threshold; based on the similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic channel and the multiple third seismic channels, the first seismic channel and the multiple third seismic channels are superimposed to obtain the second seismic data corresponding to the first seismic channel in the time window.

[0040] In some embodiments, the interpolation module is used to determine, for any adjacent first time window and second time window, the first seismic sub-data and the second seismic sub-data corresponding to the first time window and the third seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data corresponding to the second time window, based on the second seismic data corresponding to the first time window and the second time window respectively, the first seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data are the seismic sub-data of the non-overlapping part, and the second seismic sub-data and the third seismic sub-data are the seismic sub-data of the overlapping part; perform weighted superposition on the second seismic sub-data and the third seismic sub-data to obtain the fifth seismic sub-data; combine the first seismic sub-data, the fifth seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data into the fourth seismic data corresponding to the first time window and the second time window; and combine the fourth seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows into the fourth seismic data of the target work area.

[0041] On the other hand, a computer device is provided, which includes one or more processors and one or more memories, wherein at least one program code is stored in the one or more memories, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the one or more processors to implement a method for enhancing seismic data as described in any possible implementation method described above.

[0042] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which at least one program code is stored. The at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the seismic data enhancement method as described in any possible implementation manner.

[0043] On the other hand, a computer program product is provided, wherein the computer program product stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the seismic data enhancement method as described in any possible implementation manner.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application include at least:

[0045] In an embodiment of the present application, the similarity parameter value between two seismic traces is used to describe the local correlation of the seismic signals of the two seismic traces; therefore, some similar seismic traces can be determined through the similarity parameter value, and by superimposing some similar seismic traces, the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data can be improved, thereby improving the synergistic effect of the seismic data, and further improving the imaging quality of the enhanced seismic data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for enhancing seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 2 is a flow chart of another seismic data enhancement method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of a CMP gather after dynamic correction provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a CMP gather provided in an embodiment of the present application after enhancement processing;

[0051] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a CMP gather provided in an embodiment of the present application after noise removal after enhancement processing;

[0052] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a stacking result of an original CMP gather provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of a stacking result of CMP gathers after enhancement processing provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a partially enlarged view of the stacking result of an original CMP gather provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 9 This is a partial enlarged view of the stacking result of the enhanced CMP gather provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 10 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a seismic data enhancement device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a server provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the implementation methods of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0061] It should be noted that the information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.), data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, storage, display, etc.), and signals involved in this application are all authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use, and processing of relevant data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations, and standards of the relevant countries and regions. For example, the earthquake data involved in this application was obtained with full authorization.

[0062] The execution subject of the seismic data enhancement method provided in the embodiments of the present application is a computer device; the computer device can be a terminal or a server. In some embodiments, the terminal can be a smart watch, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, etc., but is not limited thereto. The server is an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers. It can also be a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN (Content Delivery Network), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms.

[0063] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for enhancing seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method may be executed by a computer device; see Figure 1 , the method comprising:

[0064] Step 101: Divide the first seismic data collected based on the target work area into a plurality of common center point CMP gathers, wherein the plurality of CMP gathers include a plurality of first seismic traces.

[0065] Step 102: Determine super gathers corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers, and obtain multiple super gathers. Any super gather includes multiple second seismic traces.

[0066] Step 103: For any super gather, divide the super gather into sub-super gathers corresponding to multiple time windows, with two adjacent time windows overlapping.

[0067] Step 104: For any time window, perform time-shift correction on multiple first seismic traces based on the sub-super trace set corresponding to the time window. For any first seismic trace after time-shift correction, determine multiple second seismic traces from the sub-super trace set corresponding to the time window, determine similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the multiple second seismic traces respectively, and superimpose the first seismic trace and the multiple second seismic traces based on the similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the multiple second seismic traces respectively to obtain second seismic data corresponding to the time window.

[0068] Step 105: Based on the second seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows, interpolate the overlapping parts of two adjacent time windows to obtain third seismic data of the target work area.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present application, the similarity parameter value between two seismic traces is used to describe the local correlation of the seismic signals of the two seismic traces; therefore, some similar seismic traces can be determined through the similarity parameter value, and by superimposing some similar seismic traces, the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data can be improved, thereby improving the synergistic effect of the seismic data, and then improving the imaging quality of the enhanced seismic data, especially improving the imaging quality of seismic data with weak reflection signals.

[0070] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for enhancing seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present application, see Figure 2 , the method comprising:

[0071] Step 201: A computer device divides the first seismic data collected based on the target work area into a plurality of common center point CMP gathers, wherein the plurality of CMP gathers include a plurality of first seismic traces.

[0072] The first seismic data is pre-stack seismic data, and the first seismic data can be three-dimensional seismic data or two-dimensional seismic data having a signal-to-noise ratio lower than a signal-to-noise ratio threshold. In the embodiment of the present application, the dimension of the first seismic data is not specifically limited. In addition, the first seismic data includes CMP gathers, and the computer device directly divides the first seismic data into multiple CMP gathers. For example, the first seismic data has 15 CMP gathers in the InLine direction and 20 CMP gathers in the CrossLine direction.

[0073] Before the computer device divides the first seismic data collected in the target work area into multiple CMP gathers, it first pre-processes the first seismic data; in step 201, the pre-processed first seismic data is divided into multiple CMP gathers. In addition, after the computer device divides the first seismic data (or the pre-processed first seismic data) into multiple CMP gathers, it performs dynamic correction processing on the multiple CMP gathers, so that the arrival time of the reflected waves from the same interface and the same point on each seismic trace with different shot offsets is corrected to the echo time at the common center point after normal time difference correction, so as to ensure that they can be superimposed in phase during the subsequent superposition steps to form a superimposed seismic trace with prominent reflected wave energy. For example, the CMP gathers after dynamic correction are as follows: Figure 3 As shown in Figure 2, the effective signal of the CMP gather before dynamic correction is flattened, and the effective signal energy is not obvious, and there is a lot of random noise interference.

[0074] The computer device preprocesses the first seismic data in at least one of the following ways, that is, in at least one of the following steps:

[0075] (1) The computer device defines the observation system for the first seismic data.

[0076] The observation system includes a refraction wave observation system, a longitudinal wave observation system, a shear wave observation system, and a converted wave observation system. Different seismic exploration methods correspond to different observation systems. In this step, the computer device determines the observation system corresponding to the current seismic exploration method based on the method, converts the data format of the first seismic data into the data format defined by the observation system, and thus completes the definition of the observation system.

[0077] (2) The computer equipment performs static correction on the first seismic data.

[0078] The static correction includes at least one of terrain correction, excitation depth correction and low-velocity zone correction. The computer device performs static correction on the first seismic data, thereby correcting the first seismic data to a unified reference plane, which is generally a horizontal plane.

[0079] (3) The computer device performs noise attenuation on the first seismic data.

[0080] The computer device performs noise attenuation on the first seismic data, thereby reducing the impact of noise on the first seismic data.

[0081] (4) The computer device performs energy compensation on the first seismic data.

[0082] The computer device performs energy compensation on the first seismic data, thereby increasing the energy of the weak reflection signal of the first seismic data.

[0083] (5) The computer device removes the interference signal in the first seismic data.

[0084] The computer device removes the interference signal from the first seismic data, thereby reducing the impact of the interference signal on the first seismic data.

[0085] Step 202: The computer device determines super gathers corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers respectively, and obtains multiple super gathers, and any super gather includes multiple second seismic traces.

[0086] The computer sets the spatial step size a in the InLine direction and b in the CrossLine direction, starting with the first CMP gather in the first seismic data. This CMP is used as the current common center point gather (CMP). With this gather as the center point, a total of a*b CMP gathers are defined as the supergather corresponding to this CMP. Following these steps, the computer determines the supergather corresponding to each of the multiple CMP gathers. For example, a is 7 and b is 7.

[0087] It should be noted that the CMP gather of the super gather to be determined is both the input gather and the output gather; and the CMP in the super gather serves as the reference gather for subsequent processing.

[0088] It should be noted that after the computer device determines the super gathers corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers, the computer device determines the stacked seismic traces corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers based on the super gathers corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers, with one CMP gather corresponding to one stacked seismic trace, thereby facilitating subsequent processing. The steps of the computer device determining the stacked seismic traces corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers based on the super gathers corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers may be:

[0089] The computer device starts from the first CMP gather in the super gather, and automatically performs CMP stacking on the first seismic trace in the CMP gather as the stacked seismic trace of the current CMP gather; the above processing is performed on other CMP gathers in the super gather to obtain the stacked seismic traces corresponding to other CMP gathers.

[0090] Step 203: For any super gather, the computer device divides the super gather into sub-super gathers corresponding to multiple time windows, with two adjacent time windows overlapping.

[0091] In step 202, one CMP gather corresponds to one supergather. That is, multiple CMP gathers correspond to multiple supergathers. A supergather includes multiple second seismic traces. A second seismic trace is the reception record of a single geophone within a preset time period. Accordingly, a supergather is the reception record of multiple geophones within a preset time period. In this step, the computer device divides the supergather into sub-supergathers corresponding to multiple time windows. That is, the preset time period is divided into multiple time periods. A sub-supergather is the reception record of multiple geophones within a time period. A time window corresponds to a time period. Each time window can be 240 milliseconds long.

[0092] Prior to this step, the computer device predetermines the time window lengths. Multiple time windows have the same length, and adjacent time windows overlap; for example, the overlap between adjacent time windows is half the window length. In this embodiment, time window processing is performed one by one, that is, steps 204-207 are performed for each time window. In addition, the half time window that overlaps between adjacent time windows requires interpolation.

[0093] Step 204: For any time window, the computer device performs time shift correction on the plurality of first seismic traces based on the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, multiple time windows are processed one by one; for example, if there are three time windows, the first time window is processed first, then the second time window is processed, and finally the third time window is processed. For any timestamp, the computer device can perform time shift correction on multiple first seismic traces based on the sub-super-trace set corresponding to the time window by the following steps (1) to (3), including:

[0095] (1) The computer device determines the stacked seismic traces corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers based on the sub-super gathers corresponding to the time window.

[0096] Starting from the first CMP gather in the sub-super gather corresponding to the timestamp, the seismic traces in the CMP gather are automatically CMP-superposed to obtain the superimposed seismic traces corresponding to the CMP gather; the computer device then determines the superimposed seismic traces corresponding to the second CMP gather in the sub-super gather until the superimposed seismic traces corresponding to multiple CMP gathers are determined.

[0097] In some embodiments, after the stacked seismic traces corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers have been determined in step 202, in this step, the computer device finds the stacked seismic traces of the corresponding CMP gather from the stacked seismic traces corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers that have been determined according to the time window.

[0098] (2) The computer device determines the time shift values ​​corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers based on the multiple CMP gathers and the stacked seismic traces corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers.

[0099] This step can be achieved by following the steps (2-1) to (2-2), including:

[0100] (2-1) For any CMP gather, the computer device determines the cross-correlation function based on the CMP gather and its corresponding stacked seismic trace. The cross-correlation function is a function with the time shift value as a variable.

[0101] The CMP gather includes multiple first seismic traces. For each first seismic trace, the computer device determines a cross-correlation function between the first seismic trace and the stacked seismic trace based on the first seismic trace and the stacked seismic trace using the following formula 1. The computer device determines the sum of the cross-correlation functions between the multiple first seismic traces and the stacked seismic traces to obtain the cross-correlation function between the CMP gather and its corresponding stacked seismic trace:

[0102] Formula 1:

[0103] Among them, R 12 (m) is the cross-correlation function between any first seismic trace in the CMP channel gather and the superimposed seismic trace, M is the total number of sampling points of the first seismic trace in the CMP channel gather; d1(j)·d2(jm) is the product of the corresponding sampling points of the first seismic trace and the superimposed seismic trace after m time delays, and then the sum of the multiplication of each sampling point is the cross-correlation function between the CMP channel gather and the superimposed seismic trace.

[0104] In the process of changing m, the value of the cross-correlation function is different; since the CMP gather includes multiple first seismic traces, multiple cross-correlation functions can be obtained. In actual seismic records, there is no similarity between random noises, nor between random noises and valid signals. Only when they are valid signals do they have similarity; therefore, R 12 When (m) takes its maximum value, it means that at the lag m, the sampling points of the two seismic traces all correspond to the effective signal part. The cross-correlation of the two seismic traces is equal to the cross-correlation of the effective signals in the two seismic traces. The cross-correlation function of the two seismic traces can be extended to obtain the cross-correlation function of multiple seismic traces. Therefore, the computer equipment can determine the cross-correlation function based on the CMP trace gather and its corresponding stacked seismic trace using the following formula 2:

[0105] Formula 2:

[0106] Where i is the serial number of the first seismic trace in the CMP gather, j is the serial number of the sampling point in the first seismic trace; M is the total number of sampling points in the first seismic trace in the CMP gather; R ij(m) is the multi-channel cross-correlation function between the CMP channel set and its corresponding superimposed seismic trace, m is the time shift parameter, e1 and e2 are the seismic trace ranges adjacent to the first seismic trace with sequence number i in the CMP channel set, when e1=0, di corresponds to the superimposed seismic trace of the current CMP channel set, and p is the maximum slope of the effective signal event axis of the first seismic trace in the CMP channel set. Among them, the maximum slope refers to the maximum number of sampling points that the same event axis in the CMP channel set has experienced in the time direction; for example, if the same event axis in the CMP channel set has experienced a maximum of 3 sampling points in the time direction, then p is 3, and the value range of e1 is -3 to 2, and the value range of e1 is -2 to 3, that is, the signals d and d of the three channels on the left and right of the first seismic trace with sequence number i. i The multi-channel cross-correlation function is calculated by stacking seismic channels represented by channels.

[0107] (2-2) The computer device determines the time shift value when the function value of the cross-correlation function is maximum.

[0108] The maximum value of the multi-channel cross-correlation function is obtained for the automatic superposition channel to obtain the corresponding time shift value m. Each seismic channel of the CMP channel data in the super channel gather is moved by the corresponding time shift length, that is, the local common reflection point surface element leveling is achieved. In actual seismic records, there is no similarity between random noises, and there is no similarity between random noises and valid signals. They are similar only when they are both valid signals. Therefore, when the cross-correlation function takes the maximum value after the time shift m (time shift value), the present invention believes that the sampling points of the signal represented by the maximum correlation value all correspond to the valid signal part, and the local reflection point surface element leveling is achieved after the time shift. m can be positive or negative. When m is a negative value, the sampling point moves upward, and when m is a positive value, the sampling point moves downward.

[0109] (3) The computer device performs time shift correction on the multiple first seismic traces in the multiple CMP gathers based on the time shift values ​​corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers.

[0110] One CMP gather corresponds to one time shift value; for any CMP gather, the computer device performs time shift correction on each first seismic trace in the CMP gather based on the time shift value corresponding to the CMP gather.

[0111] For any first seismic trace, the computer device determines the offset R0 of the first seismic trace after performing time shift correction on the first seismic trace, and stores the offset R0 of the first seismic trace in the trace header of the first seismic trace.

[0112] Step 205: For any first seismic trace after time shift correction, the computer device determines a plurality of second seismic traces from the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window.

[0113] This step can be achieved by following the steps (1) to (3), including:

[0114] (1) The computer device determines the offset threshold and the offset of the first seismic trace.

[0115] The offset threshold DX can be set by the staff; accordingly, the computer device obtains the offset threshold DX set by the staff; in addition, the offset of the first seismic channel is stored in the header word of the first seismic channel. In this step, the computer device directly obtains the offset RO of the first seismic channel from the header word of the first seismic channel.

[0116] (2) The computer device determines the offset range based on the offset and the offset threshold.

[0117] The computer determines the sum of the offset and the offset threshold to obtain a first offset, determines the difference between the offset threshold and the offset to obtain a second offset, and determines an offset range based on the second offset and the first offset. Specifically, the offset range has a maximum value of the first offset and a minimum value of the second offset. For example, if the offset threshold is DX and the offset is R0, the offset range can be R0 ± DX. For example, DX is 25.

[0118] (3) The computer device determines a plurality of second seismic traces with offsets within the offset range from the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window.

[0119] The computer device determines the offset of each second seismic trace in the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window, and based on the offset and offset range of each second seismic trace, determines multiple second seismic traces with offsets within the offset range from the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window.

[0120] Step 206: The computer device determines similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces.

[0121] The similarity parameter value between two seismic traces is used to describe the local correlation of the seismic signals of the two seismic traces; and when the seismic signals of the two seismic traces are completely synchronized, the similarity parameter value of the two seismic traces is the largest.

[0122] For any second seismic channel, the computer device determines the similarity parameter value between the first seismic channel and the second seismic channel based on the first seismic channel and the second seismic channel using the following formula 3:

[0123] Formula 3:

[0124] Where ζ is the similarity parameter, x(t) is the first seismic trace, and y(t) is the second seismic trace. x(t)*y(t) represents the dot product of the two seismic traces, so x(t)*y(t) = fx(t)y(t)dt. When the two seismic traces are exactly the same, the correlation is maximum, and the correlation parameter value of the two seismic traces is 1. If the two seismic traces have opposite polarities, the correlation parameter value of the two seismic traces is 0.

[0125] Step 207: The computer device superimposes the first seismic trace and the multiple second seismic traces based on the similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the multiple second seismic traces to obtain second seismic data corresponding to the time window.

[0126] This step can be achieved by following the steps (1) and (2), including:

[0127] (1) The computer device determines multiple third seismic channels based on similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic channel and the multiple second seismic channels, and the similarity parameter values ​​between the third seismic channels and the first seismic channels are greater than a preset threshold.

[0128] The computer device sets a preset threshold corresponding to the similarity parameter value. Based on the similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces, the computer device determines a seismic trace from the plurality of second seismic traces having a similarity parameter value greater than the preset threshold. The determined seismic trace is the third seismic trace. The preset threshold may be 0.25.

[0129] (2) The computer device superimposes the first seismic trace and the plurality of third seismic traces based on similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of third seismic traces to obtain second seismic data corresponding to the first seismic trace in the time window.

[0130] For any third seismic trace, the computer device superimposes the first seismic trace and the third seismic trace based on the similarity parameter value between the first seismic trace and the third seismic trace, until the superposition of the first seismic trace and multiple third seismic traces is completed to obtain the second seismic data corresponding to the first seismic trace in the time window.

[0131] In an embodiment of the present application, the local similarity weight coefficients of the first seismic channel and the third seismic channel whose correlation parameter value is greater than a preset threshold are weighted and superimposed. The weighted superposition process uses the information of the local adjacent seismic channels to strengthen the first seismic channel, ultimately achieving the purpose of enhancing the signal and suppressing noise.

[0132] It should be noted that the computer device determines the second seismic data corresponding to each seismic trace in the multiple CMP gathers in the time window according to the above steps 204-207, and then executes step 208. That is, after processing the first time window, the computer device processes the data in the second time window according to the same steps as the first time window, obtains the second seismic data after the processing of the second time window, and processes multiple time windows in sequence until the second seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows are determined.

[0133] The present invention realizes the combination of common reflection surface data on the super gather through CMP automatic stacking, common reflection point bin leveling and local similarity weight coefficient stacking technology, and reorganizes the signals along the phase axis direction of the effective signal of the seismic data, which can enhance the energy of the deep weak reflection signal.

[0134] For example, after processing CMP gathers such as Figure 4 As shown, compared Figure 3 and Figure 4 The effective signal energy of the processed CMP gather is enhanced, the axis is smoother, the random noise is attenuated, and the waveform characteristics are consistent with those before processing. The noise after processing is shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 , the noise has no obvious effective signal characteristics and has a strong ability to preserve amplitude.

[0135] The CMP gathers before and after processing are stacked to obtain the corresponding post-stack profile. The stacking results of the original seismic data are shown in the attached Figure 6 The stacking results of the processed seismic data are shown in Figure 7 The continuity of the reflection axis of the superimposed section is good, the signal-to-noise ratio is high, and the Figure 8 With attached Figure 9 Attached Figure 6 With attached Figure 7 The local amplification results of the stacked sections also demonstrate the effective preservation of signal continuity. The stacked sections fully demonstrate the noise suppression effect of low signal-to-noise ratio 3D data before and after processing. After processing, the effective signal section energy is enhanced, the phase axis is smoother, and random noise is attenuated, significantly improving the effective signal-to-noise ratio.

[0136] Step 208: The computer device interpolates the overlapping parts of two adjacent time windows based on the second seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows to obtain third seismic data of the target work area.

[0137] This step can be achieved by following the steps (1) to (4), including:

[0138] (1) For any adjacent first time window and second time window, the computer device determines the first seismic sub-data and the second seismic sub-data corresponding to the first time window and the third seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data corresponding to the second time window based on the second seismic data corresponding to the first time window and the second time window, respectively. The first seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data are seismic sub-data of the non-overlapping part, and the second seismic sub-data and the third seismic sub-data are seismic sub-data of the overlapping part.

[0139] For example, if the multiple time windows include a first time window, a second time window, and a third time window, step (1) is performed once for the first time window and the second time window, that is, the seismic sub-data of the second half of the first time window and the seismic sub-data of the first half of the second time window are obtained. Step (2) is performed once for the second time window and the third time window, that is, the seismic sub-data of the second half of the second time window and the seismic sub-data of the first half of the third time window are obtained.

[0140] (2) The computer device performs weighted superposition on the second seismic sub-data and the third seismic sub-data to obtain the fifth seismic sub-data.

[0141] The computer device determines the first weight and the second weight corresponding to the second seismic sub-data and the third seismic sub-data respectively. Based on the first weight and the second weight, the computer device weightedly superimposes the second seismic sub-data and the third seismic sub-data to obtain the fifth seismic sub-data.

[0142] For example, the computer device performs weighted superposition on the seismic sub-data of the second half of the first time window and the seismic sub-data of the first half of the second time window, and performs weighted superposition on the seismic sub-data of the second half of the second time window and the seismic sub-data of the first half of the third time window, while the seismic sub-data of the second half of the third time window are not weighted superpositioned and are directly used as the processing result.

[0143] (3) The computer device combines the first seismic sub-data, the fifth seismic sub-data, and the fourth seismic sub-data into fourth seismic data corresponding to the first time window and the second time window.

[0144] (4) The computer device combines the fourth seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows into the fourth seismic data of the target work area.

[0145] One thing that needs to be explained is that the computer equipment obtains the processing results of all sample points of the current first CMP gather, and then selects the next adjacent CMP gather as the central gather, and uses the same processing method as the above steps until all seismic data in the entire work area are processed, thus completing the processing steps of the present invention.

[0146] In an embodiment of the present application, the similarity parameter value between two seismic traces is used to describe the local correlation of the seismic signals of the two seismic traces; therefore, some similar seismic traces can be determined through the similarity parameter value, and by superimposing some similar seismic traces, the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data can be improved, thereby improving the synergistic effect of the seismic data, and then improving the imaging quality of the enhanced seismic data, especially improving the imaging quality of the seismic data of weak reflection signals, especially improving the imaging quality of the seismic data of weak reflection signals.

[0147] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seismic data enhancement device provided in an embodiment of the present application, see Figure 10 , the device comprises:

[0148] A first division module 1001 is configured to divide the first seismic data collected based on the target work area into a plurality of common center point CMP gathers, wherein the plurality of CMP gathers include a plurality of first seismic traces;

[0149] A determination module 1002 is configured to determine super gathers corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers, to obtain a plurality of super gathers, wherein any super gather includes a plurality of second seismic traces;

[0150] The second division module 1003 is configured to divide any supergather into sub-supergathers corresponding to a plurality of time windows, with two adjacent time windows overlapping;

[0151] Enhancement module 1004 is configured to, for any time window, perform time shift correction on the plurality of first seismic traces based on a sub-super gather corresponding to the time window; for any first seismic trace after time shift correction, determine a plurality of second seismic traces from the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window; determine similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces; and, based on the similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces, superimpose the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces to obtain second seismic data corresponding to the time window;

[0152] The interpolation module 1005 is configured to interpolate the overlapping portions of two adjacent time windows based on the second seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows, so as to obtain third seismic data of the target work area.

[0153] In some embodiments, the enhancement module 1004 is used to determine the superimposed seismic traces corresponding to the multiple CMP traces respectively based on the sub-super trace corresponding to the time window; determine the time shift values ​​corresponding to the multiple CMP traces respectively based on the multiple CMP traces and the superimposed seismic traces corresponding to the multiple CMP traces respectively; and perform time shift correction on the multiple first seismic traces in the multiple CMP traces respectively based on the time shift values ​​corresponding to the multiple CMP traces.

[0154] In some embodiments, the enhancement module 1004 is used to determine, for any CMP data set, a cross-correlation function based on the CMP data set and its corresponding superimposed seismic trace, where the cross-correlation function is a function with a time shift value as a variable; and determine the time shift value when the function value of the cross-correlation function is the maximum value.

[0155] In some embodiments, the enhancement module 1004 is used to determine an offset threshold and determine the offset of the first seismic trace; determine an offset range based on the offset and the offset threshold; and determine multiple second seismic traces with offsets within the offset range from the sub-super-trace set corresponding to the time window.

[0156] In some embodiments, the enhancement module 1004 is used to determine multiple third seismic channels based on the similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic channel and the multiple second seismic channels, and the similarity parameter values ​​between the third seismic channels and the first seismic channel are greater than a preset threshold; based on the similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic channel and the multiple third seismic channels, the first seismic channel and the multiple third seismic channels are superimposed to obtain the second seismic data corresponding to the first seismic channel in the time window.

[0157] In some embodiments, the interpolation module 1005 is used to determine, for any adjacent first time window and second time window, the first seismic sub-data and the second seismic sub-data corresponding to the first time window and the third seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data corresponding to the second time window, based on the second seismic data corresponding to the first time window and the second time window respectively, the first seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data are the seismic sub-data of the non-overlapping part, and the second seismic sub-data and the third seismic sub-data are the seismic sub-data of the overlapping part; perform weighted superposition on the second seismic sub-data and the third seismic sub-data to obtain the fifth seismic sub-data; combine the first seismic sub-data, the fifth seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data into the fourth seismic data corresponding to the first time window and the second time window; and combine the fourth seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows into the fourth seismic data of the target work area.

[0158] In an embodiment of the present application, the similarity parameter value between two seismic traces is used to describe the local correlation of the seismic signals of the two seismic traces; therefore, some similar seismic traces can be determined through the similarity parameter value, and by superimposing some similar seismic traces, the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data can be improved, thereby improving the synergistic effect of the seismic data, and then improving the imaging quality of the enhanced seismic data, especially improving the imaging quality of seismic data with weak reflection signals.

[0159] It should be noted that the seismic data enhancement device provided in the above embodiment is merely illustrated by the division of the aforementioned functional modules. In actual applications, the aforementioned functions can be distributed among different functional modules as needed, i.e., the internal structure of the computer device can be divided into different functional modules to perform all or part of the functions described above. Furthermore, the seismic data enhancement device provided in the above embodiment and the seismic data enhancement method embodiment are based on the same concept. The specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0160] In some embodiments, where the computer device is a server, see Figure 11 , Figure 11 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a server provided in an embodiment of the present application. The server 1100 may vary significantly due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more processors (central processing units, CPUs) 1101 and one or more memories 1102. The memories 1102 store at least one program code, which is loaded and executed by the processor 1101 to implement the above-mentioned seismic data enhancement method. Of course, the server 1100 may also have components such as a wired or wireless network interface, a keyboard, and an input / output interface for input and output. The server 1100 may also include other components for implementing device functions, which will not be described in detail here.

[0161] In some embodiments, when the computer device is a terminal, Figure 12 The following is a block diagram of a terminal 1200 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The terminal 1200 may be a smartphone, a tablet computer, a VR device, or a vehicle-mounted terminal. Typically, the terminal 1200 includes a processor 1201 and a memory 1202.

[0162] The processor 1201 may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor 1201 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 1201 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is a processor for processing data in the awake state, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit); the coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 1201 may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor 1201 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, which is used to process computing operations related to machine learning.

[0163] Memory 1202 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. Memory 1202 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices and flash memory storage devices. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in memory 1202 is used to store at least one program code, which is executed by processor 1201 to implement the seismic data enhancement method provided in the method embodiment of the present application.

[0164] In some embodiments, terminal 1200 may optionally include a peripheral device interface 1203 and at least one peripheral device. The processor 1201, memory 1202, and peripheral device interface 1203 may be connected via a bus or signal lines. Each peripheral device may be connected to peripheral device interface 1203 via a bus, signal lines, or circuit boards. Specifically, the peripheral device may include at least one of a radio frequency circuit 1204, a display screen 1205, a camera assembly 1206, an audio circuit 1207, and a power supply 1208.

[0165] The peripheral device interface 1203 can be used to connect at least one I / O (Input / Output)-related peripheral device to the processor 1201 and the memory 1202. In some embodiments, the processor 1201, the memory 1202, and the peripheral device interface 1203 are integrated on the same chip or circuit board; in some other embodiments, any one or two of the processor 1201, the memory 1202, and the peripheral device interface 1203 can be implemented on separate chips or circuit boards, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0166] The RF circuit 1204 is used to receive and transmit RF (Radio Frequency) signals, also known as electromagnetic signals. The RF circuit 1204 communicates with communication networks and other communication devices via electromagnetic signals. The RF circuit 1204 converts electrical signals into electromagnetic signals for transmission, or converts received electromagnetic signals into electrical signals. Optionally, the RF circuit 1204 includes an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, an oscillator, a digital signal processor, a codec chipset, a user identity module card, and the like. The RF circuit 1204 can communicate with other terminals via at least one wireless communication protocol. Such wireless communication protocols include, but are not limited to, metropolitan area networks, various generations of mobile communication networks (2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G), wireless local area networks, and / or WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) networks. In some embodiments, the RF circuit 1204 may also include circuits related to Near Field Communication (NFC), which is not limited in this application.

[0167] The display screen 1205 is used to display a UI (User Interface). The UI may include graphics, text, icons, videos, and any combination thereof. When the display screen 1205 is a touch screen display, the display screen 1205 also has the ability to collect touch signals on the surface or above the surface of the display screen 1205. The touch signal can be input as a control signal to the processor 1201 for processing. In this case, the display screen 1205 can also be used to provide virtual buttons and / or virtual keyboards, also known as soft buttons and / or soft keyboards. In some embodiments, there can be one display screen 1205, which is set on the front panel of the terminal 1200; in other embodiments, there can be at least two display screens 1205, which are respectively set on different surfaces of the terminal 1200 or in a folding design; in still other embodiments, the display screen 1205 can be a flexible display screen, which is set on the curved surface or folding surface of the terminal 1200. Even more, the display screen 1205 can be set as a non-rectangular irregular shape, that is, a special-shaped screen. The display screen 1205 can be made of materials such as LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode).

[0168] The camera assembly 1206 is used to capture images or videos. Optionally, the camera assembly 1206 includes a front camera and a rear camera. Typically, the front camera is arranged on the front panel of the terminal, and the rear camera is arranged on the back of the terminal. In some embodiments, there are at least two rear cameras, which are any one of a main camera, a depth of field camera, a wide-angle camera, and a telephoto camera, so as to realize the fusion of the main camera and the depth of field camera to realize the background blur function, the fusion of the main camera and the wide-angle camera to realize panoramic shooting and VR (Virtual Reality) shooting function or other fusion shooting functions. In some embodiments, the camera assembly 1206 may also include a flash. The flash can be a monochrome temperature flash or a dual-color temperature flash. A dual-color temperature flash refers to a combination of a warm light flash and a cold light flash, which can be used for light compensation at different color temperatures.

[0169] The audio circuit 1207 may include a microphone and a speaker. The microphone is used to collect sound waves from the user and the environment, and convert the sound waves into electrical signals that are input into the processor 1201 for processing, or input into the RF circuit 1204 to achieve voice communication. For the purpose of stereo sound collection or noise reduction, there may be multiple microphones, each located in different parts of the terminal 1200. The microphone may also be an array microphone or an omnidirectional collection microphone. The speaker is used to convert electrical signals from the processor 1201 or the RF circuit 1204 into sound waves. The speaker may be a traditional thin film speaker or a piezoelectric ceramic speaker. When the speaker is a piezoelectric ceramic speaker, it can not only convert electrical signals into sound waves audible to humans, but also convert electrical signals into sound waves inaudible to humans for purposes such as distance measurement. In some embodiments, the audio circuit 1207 may also include a headphone jack.

[0170] Power supply 1208 is used to power various components in terminal 1200. Power supply 1208 can be AC ​​power, DC power, a disposable battery, or a rechargeable battery. When power supply 1208 includes a rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery can support wired charging or wireless charging. The rechargeable battery can also be used to support fast charging technology.

[0171] In some embodiments, the terminal 1200 further includes one or more sensors 1209 , including but not limited to: an acceleration sensor 1210 , a gyroscope sensor 1211 , a pressure sensor 1212 , an optical sensor 1213 , and a proximity sensor 1214 .

[0172] The accelerometer 1210 can detect the magnitude of acceleration along the three coordinate axes of the coordinate system established by the terminal 1200. For example, the accelerometer 1210 can be used to detect the components of gravity acceleration along the three coordinate axes. The processor 1201 can control the display screen 1205 to display the user interface in a landscape or portrait view based on the gravity acceleration signal collected by the accelerometer 1210. The accelerometer 1210 can also be used to collect game or user motion data.

[0173] The gyroscope sensor 1211 can detect the orientation and rotation angle of the terminal 1200. It can also work with the accelerometer 1210 to collect the user's 3D movements on the terminal 1200. Based on the data collected by the gyroscope sensor 1211, the processor 1201 can implement the following functions: motion sensing (for example, changing the UI based on the user's tilt operation), image stabilization during shooting, game control, and inertial navigation.

[0174] The pressure sensor 1212 can be provided on the side frame of the terminal 1200 and / or below the display screen 1205. When the pressure sensor 1212 is provided on the side frame of the terminal 1200, it can detect the user's gripping signal of the terminal 1200. The processor 1201 performs left and right hand recognition or shortcut operations based on the gripping signal collected by the pressure sensor 1212. When the pressure sensor 1212 is provided below the display screen 1205, the processor 1201 controls the operable controls on the UI interface based on the user's pressure operation on the display screen 1205. Operable controls include at least one of a button control, a scroll bar control, an icon control, and a menu control.

[0175] Optical sensor 1213 is used to detect ambient light intensity. In one embodiment, processor 1201 can control the display brightness of display screen 1205 based on the ambient light intensity detected by optical sensor 1213. Specifically, when the ambient light intensity is high, the display brightness of display screen 1205 is increased; when the ambient light intensity is low, the display brightness of display screen 1205 is decreased. In another embodiment, processor 1201 can also dynamically adjust the shooting parameters of camera assembly 1206 based on the ambient light intensity detected by optical sensor 1213.

[0176] Proximity sensor 1214, also known as a distance sensor, is typically located on the front panel of terminal 1200. Proximity sensor 1214 is used to detect the distance between the user and the front of terminal 1200. In one embodiment, when proximity sensor 1214 detects that the distance between the user and the front of terminal 1200 is gradually decreasing, processor 1201 controls display screen 1205 to switch from the screen-on state to the screen-off state. When proximity sensor 1214 detects that the distance between the user and the front of terminal 1200 is gradually increasing, processor 1201 controls display screen 1205 to switch from the screen-off state to the screen-on state.

[0177] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 12 The structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the terminal 1200, and the terminal 1200 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or adopt a different component arrangement.

[0178] In an exemplary embodiment, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having at least one program code stored therein, the at least one program code being loaded and executed by a processor to implement the seismic data enhancement method described in any of the above implementations. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, such as a ROM (Read-Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, or an optical data storage device.

[0179] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is further provided. The computer program product stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the seismic data enhancement method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0180] In some embodiments, the computer program involved in the embodiments of the present application may be deployed and executed on a computer device, or on multiple computer devices located at one location, or on multiple computer devices distributed at multiple locations and interconnected through a communication network. Multiple computer devices distributed at multiple locations and interconnected through a communication network may constitute a blockchain system.

[0181] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments may be accomplished by hardware, or may be accomplished by a program to instruct the relevant hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0182] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for enhancing seismic data, characterized in that: The method comprises: Dividing the first seismic data collected based on the target work area into a plurality of common center point CMP gathers, wherein the plurality of CMP gathers include a plurality of first seismic traces; Determining super gathers corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers respectively to obtain a plurality of super gathers, wherein any super gather includes a plurality of second seismic traces; For any super gather, the super gather is divided into sub-super gathers corresponding to a plurality of time windows, and two adjacent time windows overlap; For any time window, performing time shift correction on the plurality of first seismic traces based on the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window, determining a plurality of second seismic traces from the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window for any first seismic trace after the time shift correction, determining similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces, and superimposing the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces based on the similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces to obtain second seismic data corresponding to the time window; Based on the second seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows, the overlapping parts of two adjacent time windows are interpolated to obtain the third seismic data of the target work area.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The performing time shift correction on the plurality of first seismic traces based on the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window comprises: Determining, based on the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window, stacked seismic traces corresponding to each of the plurality of CMP gathers; determining time shift values ​​corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers respectively based on the plurality of CMP gathers and the stacked seismic traces respectively corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers; Based on the time shift values ​​respectively corresponding to the multiple CMP gathers, time shift correction is performed on the multiple first seismic traces in the multiple CMP gathers.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The determining, based on the plurality of CMP gathers and the stacked seismic traces respectively corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers, the time shift values ​​respectively corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers comprises: For any CMP gather, a cross-correlation function is determined based on the CMP gather and its corresponding stacked seismic trace, where the cross-correlation function is a function with a time shift value as a variable; A time shift value when the function value of the cross-correlation function is maximum is determined.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining of a plurality of second seismic traces from the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window comprises: determining an offset threshold and determining an offset of the first seismic trace; determining an offset range based on the offset and the offset threshold; A plurality of second seismic traces with offsets within the offset range are determined from the sub-super gather corresponding to the time window.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The superimposing the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces based on similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces to obtain second seismic data corresponding to the time window includes: Determining a plurality of third seismic traces based on similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces, wherein similarity parameter values ​​between the third seismic traces and the first seismic traces are greater than a preset threshold; Based on the similarity parameter value between the first seismic trace and the plurality of third seismic traces, the first seismic trace and the plurality of third seismic traces are superimposed to obtain second seismic data corresponding to the first seismic trace in the time window.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The interpolation of overlapping portions of two adjacent time windows based on the second seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows to obtain third seismic data of the target work area includes: For any adjacent first time window and second time window, based on the second seismic data corresponding to the first time window and the second time window respectively, determine the first seismic sub-data and the second seismic sub-data corresponding to the first time window and the third seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data corresponding to the second time window respectively, the first seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data being the seismic sub-data of the non-overlapping part, and the second seismic sub-data and the third seismic sub-data being the seismic sub-data of the overlapping part; Performing weighted superposition on the second seismic sub-data and the third seismic sub-data to obtain fifth seismic sub-data; Combining the first seismic sub-data, the fifth seismic sub-data and the fourth seismic sub-data into fourth seismic data corresponding to the first time window and the second time window; The fourth seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows are combined into the fourth seismic data of the target work area.

7. A seismic data enhancement device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A first division module is configured to divide the first seismic data collected based on the target work area into a plurality of common center point CMP gathers, wherein the plurality of CMP gathers include a plurality of first seismic traces; a determination module, configured to determine super gathers corresponding to the plurality of CMP gathers, respectively, to obtain a plurality of super gathers, wherein any super gather includes a plurality of second seismic traces; A second division module is configured to divide any super gather into sub-super gathers corresponding to a plurality of time windows, with two adjacent time windows overlapping; an enhancement module configured to, for any time window, perform time-shift correction on the plurality of first seismic traces based on a sub-super-trace gather corresponding to the time window; determine, for any first seismic trace after time-shift correction, a plurality of second seismic traces from the sub-super-trace gather corresponding to the time window; determine similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces; and, based on the similarity parameter values ​​between the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces, superimpose the first seismic trace and the plurality of second seismic traces to obtain second seismic data corresponding to the time window; The interpolation module is used to interpolate the overlapping parts of two adjacent time windows based on the second seismic data corresponding to the multiple time windows to obtain the third seismic data of the target work area.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes one or more processors and one or more memories, wherein at least one program code is stored in the one or more memories, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the one or more processors to implement the seismic data enhancement method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that At least one program code is stored in the storage medium, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the seismic data enhancement method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the seismic data enhancement method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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