Electronic fuse, fuse control method and computer storage medium

Abstract

The electronic fuse, the fusing control method and the computer storage medium provided in the embodiment of the present application, in the process of controlling the electronic fuse, based on the principle of thermal effect, the equivalent power value sequence corresponding to the acquired current value sequence is calculated by obtaining the current value sequence of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located and the pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function used to characterize the correspondence between the current value and the equivalent power value of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located, and the calculation result is processed to obtain the average equivalent power value. When the average equivalent power value is greater than the preset fusing threshold, the fusing control signal is output to control the electronic fuse to trigger protection. In the present application, by changing the weight coefficients of different order terms in the high-order equivalent power function, the fusing sensitivity of the electronic fuse can be adjusted, and the fusing temperature of the wire can be kept unchanged or reduced when the circuit current rises, so as to ensure the fusing performance and surge resistance of the electronic fuse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic fuses, and in particular to an electronic fuse, a fuse control method and a computer storage medium. Background Art

[0002] An electronic fuse (Efuse) is an electrical device that can disconnect the circuit when the current exceeds the specified value. It is mainly used to protect electronic equipment and circuits from current overload or short circuit and other faults. Electronic fuses are widely used in various electronic products, household appliances, automotive low-voltage circuits and other fields. With the rapid development of emerging industries such as new energy vehicles and smart homes, the market demand for electronic fuses continues to grow, especially in the field of new energy vehicles. High voltage has higher requirements for the performance of electronic fuses, which has promoted the continuous innovation and upgrading of electronic fuse technology.

[0003] To ensure that the electronic fuse has high performance and can meet the needs of different wires in various application scenarios, that is, the fusing curve of the electronic fuse can meet the fusing temperature of different wires, that is to say, its fusing curve needs to be adjustable, that is, when the electronic fuse is controlled to trigger the fusing protection, its sensitivity is adjustable.

[0004] There are generally two ways to simulate the fusing curve of electronic fuses in the existing technology:

[0005] The first is to achieve this through hardware circuits. An external resistor is connected to the pin of the electronic fuse chip. By changing the resistance value of the resistor, the current-time relationship under the working state of the fuse is obtained, and the fuse curve of the electronic fuse is simulated. However, due to certain requirements for the resistance value of the resistor, only a limited number of fuse curves can be simulated. In terms of configuration, it is not flexible enough and it is often difficult to match and meet the needs of various wire protection fuse curves.

[0006] The second method is to implement it through an algorithm. The algorithm of the fusing curve is pre-set in the chip of the electronic fuse. Based on the smoke curve of different wire materials, the fusing curve is obtained by changing the fusing time and / or the current at the overcurrent point to achieve the purpose of flexibly configuring the fusing curve. However, the current algorithms all obtain the fusing curve through discrete point fitting, which presents a step-like shape. The fusing time remains unchanged between two adjacent discrete points. The larger the current, the fewer the discrete segments, and the greater the error. At the same time, under actual working conditions, the temperature of the wire in the circuit increases with the increase of current. At this time, the conventional practice is to adjust the fusing time to ensure the fusing effect with a shorter fusing time. However, too fast a response speed will cause the surge resistance of the electronic fuse to decrease, resulting in a decrease in the fusing performance of the electronic fuse.

[0007] Therefore, in the process of controlling the electronic fuse to trigger protection, it is very important to ensure that the fusing temperature of the wire does not increase with the increase of the fusing current while ensuring that the fusing performance of the electronic fuse does not decrease. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention provides an electronic fuse, a fusing control method and a computer storage medium, which can solve the technical problem that the existing electronic fuse cannot flexibly adjust its sensitivity, so that the fusing performance of the fuse cannot be reduced when the fusing temperature of the wire increases with the fusing current.

[0009] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse, comprising:

[0010] Acquire a current value sequence of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located; the current value sequence includes multiple current values ​​obtained after collecting the current values ​​of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located multiple times;

[0011] Obtaining a pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function; the high-order equivalent power function is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the current value and the equivalent power value of the loop where the electronic fuse is located;

[0012] Calculating, according to the high-order equivalent power function, an equivalent power value sequence corresponding to the acquired current value sequence;

[0013] Performing data processing on the equivalent power value sequence to obtain an average equivalent power value;

[0014] When the average equivalent power value is greater than a preset fuse threshold, a fuse control signal is output to control the electronic fuse to trigger protection.

[0015] In some embodiments, the expression of the pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function is:

[0016] ;

[0017] in, n The number of times the current value is obtained by sampling; p n For the n The equivalent power value corresponding to the sampling; I n_ADC For the n The current value obtained by sampling; k 2, k 3. k 4 and k m They correspond to weight coefficients of different order items respectively, and the weight coefficients of different order items are used to adjust the fuse sensitivity.

[0018] In some embodiments, the electronic fuse includes a collection module, which is used to collect and obtain the current value of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located, and convert the current value into a digital signal after amplification; wherein the collection module includes a collection component, an amplification component and an analog-to-digital conversion component;

[0019] The expression of the pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function is:

[0020] ;

[0021] Among them, the second-order weight coefficient k 2 and fourth-order weight coefficients k 4 Satisfaction:

[0022] ;

[0023] in, V oc_THR is the preset overcurrent voltage value; G is the magnification of the amplifying component; y is the number of bits of the analog-to-digital conversion component, V ref is the reference voltage of the analog-to-digital conversion component.

[0024] In some embodiments, the step of performing data processing on the equivalent power value sequence to obtain an average equivalent power value includes:

[0025] Obtaining an equivalent power value sequence corresponding to the current value sequence, and integrating and summing the equivalent power value sequence;

[0026] According to the preset fuse time, determine the average filter window coefficient;

[0027] The average equivalent power value is calculated based on the average filter window coefficient and the integral sum of the equivalent power value sequence.

[0028] In some embodiments, the expression for calculating the average equivalent power value based on the average filter window coefficient and the integral sum of the equivalent power value sequence is:

[0029] ;

[0030] in, P out_n For the n The average equivalent power value corresponding to the sampling times; S n for n The integral sum of the equivalent power values ​​corresponding to the sub-sampling; N is the average filter window coefficient.

[0031] In some embodiments, the average filter window coefficient N satisfy:

[0032] ;

[0033] in, T nom is the fuse time, in seconds; f scal is the sampling frequency, in Hz.

[0034] In some embodiments, the preset fuse threshold P t satisfy:

[0035] .

[0036] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic fuse, the electronic fuse comprising:

[0037] The acquisition module includes an acquisition component, an amplification component and an analog-to-digital conversion component; the acquisition module is used to acquire a current signal representing the current of the loop where the electronic fuse is located, and amplify the current signal and convert it into a digital signal for output;

[0038] A fuse control module, comprising a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to implement the fuse control method of the electronic fuse as described in any embodiment of the first aspect when the computer program is executed;

[0039] The fuse module comprises a fuse switch; the fuse switch cuts off the connection between the first end and the second end in response to the fuse control signal output by the fuse control module to achieve the triggering protection of the electronic fuse.

[0040] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer execution instructions are stored. When the computer execution instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the fusing control method of the electronic fuse as described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0041] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instruction to implement the fusing control method of the electronic fuse as described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0042] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse as described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0043] The electronic fuse and its fusing control method provided by the embodiment of the present application, in the process of controlling the electronic fuse, by obtaining the current value sequence of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located and the pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function for characterizing the corresponding relationship between the current value and the equivalent power value of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located, according to the high-order equivalent power function, the equivalent power value sequence corresponding to the obtained current value sequence is calculated, and the calculation result is processed to obtain the average equivalent power value. When the average equivalent power value is greater than the preset fusing threshold, the fusing control signal is output to realize the control of the electronic fuse to trigger protection. In the present application, by changing the weight coefficients of different order terms in the high-order equivalent power function, the fusing sensitivity of the electronic fuse can be adjusted, and it can be realized that when the circuit current rises, the fusing temperature of the wire remains unchanged or decreases, so as to ensure the fusing performance and surge resistance of the electronic fuse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic fuse provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a collection module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 3 A flow chart of a method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 4 A flowchart for obtaining an average equivalent power value provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 5 A flow chart of a method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse provided in another embodiment;

[0050] Figure 6 A fusing curve of an electronic fuse according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 7 A curve showing the temperature variation of an electronic fuse wire provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0052] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The present invention is further described in detail below by specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein similar elements in different embodiments adopt associated similar element numbers. In the following embodiments, many detailed descriptions are for making the present application better understood. However, those skilled in the art can easily recognize that some features can be omitted in different situations, or can be replaced by other elements, materials, methods. In some cases, some operations related to the present application are not shown or described in the specification, this is to avoid the core part of the present application being overwhelmed by too much description, and for those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to describe these related operations in detail, and they can fully understand the related operations according to the description in the specification and the general technical knowledge in the art.

[0054] In addition, the features, operations or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any appropriate manner to form various implementations. At the same time, the steps or actions in the method description can also be interchanged or adjusted in a manner that is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various sequences in the specification and the drawings are only for the purpose of clearly describing a certain embodiment and are not meant to be a required sequence, unless otherwise specified that a certain sequence must be followed.

[0055] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable when appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are usually a class, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. The "connection" and "connection" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (connections).

[0056] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic fuse provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1As shown, the electronic fuse provided in this embodiment is connected between the power input terminal and the load input terminal in the circuit. Generally, it is connected in series in the circuit to be protected or before the components to be protected. The electronic fuse includes an acquisition module 110, a fuse control module 120 and a fuse module 130 which are connected in sequence.

[0058] In this embodiment, the acquisition module 110 is used to acquire a current signal representing the current of the loop in which the electronic fuse is located, and amplify the current signal and convert it into a digital signal for output.

[0059] The fuse control module 120 includes a control chip for acquiring the digital signal representing the loop current output by the acquisition module 110, and outputting a fuse control signal for controlling the electronic fuse to trigger protection after the current represented by the digital signal exceeds a specified value for a period of time.

[0060] The fuse module 130 includes a fuse switch, a control end of which is connected to the output end of the fuse control module 120. The fuse switch responds to the fuse control signal output by the fuse control module 120 to cut off the connection between its first end and the second end, thereby cutting off the connection of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located, and realizing fuse triggering protection.

[0061] In some embodiments, the acquisition module 110 includes an acquisition component, an amplification component and an analog-to-digital conversion component, wherein the acquisition component is used to acquire the current value of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located, the amplification component is used to amplify the acquired current value by a certain multiple to ensure the accuracy of subsequent data processing, and the analog-to-digital conversion component is used to convert the acquired analog signal representing the circuit current value into a digital signal and output it to the fuse control module 120 for digital control.

[0062] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a collection module provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the acquisition module 110 includes a sampling resistor Rs, an operational amplifier U1 and an analog-to-digital converter ADC, wherein the sampling resistor Rs is connected in series in the loop where the electronic fuse is located, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the first end of the sampling resistor Rs, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the second end of the sampling resistor Rs, the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter ADC, and the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter ADC is connected to an input terminal of the fuse control module 120.

[0063] In some embodiments, the fuse control module 120 includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to implement fuse control of the electronic fuse when the computer program is executed.

[0064] It should be noted that since the main improvement of this embodiment is directed to the control method of the fuse control module 120 during the operation of the electronic fuse, the present application can be used in any type of electronic fuse through the fuse control module 120, has the technical effect of the above-mentioned fuse control module 120, and is not limited to the specific structure of the electronic fuse. Other structures of the electronic fuse provided in this application (such as the outer shell and other structures) are not described in detail.

[0065] The specific process of the method for fuse control by the fuse control module 120 is described below.

[0066] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the fusing control method provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied to an electronic fuse and specifically includes the following steps:

[0067] Step S301, obtaining a current value sequence of a circuit where an electronic fuse is located; wherein the current value sequence includes a plurality of current values ​​obtained after collecting the current values ​​of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located for multiple times.

[0068] Step S302, obtaining a pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function; wherein the high-order equivalent power function is used to characterize the correspondence between the current value and the equivalent power value of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located; and the weight coefficients of different orders in the high-order equivalent power function are used to adjust the fuse sensitivity.

[0069] It is understandable that the I²t fusing calculation is an important method to evaluate the time required for a fuse to blow under specific current conditions or the number of pulse currents that a fuse can withstand. It is mainly based on the product of the square of the current and the time (I²t), which reflects the cumulative effect of the heat generated by the current on the fuse over a period of time. However, the curvature of the fuse's fusing curve obtained by fitting only the square of the current is not adjustable. In practice, the temperature of the wire in the loop increases with the increase of the loop current. At this time, if the curvature of the fuse's fusing curve is constant, that is, it is close to or the same as the curvature of the wire's smoke curve, when the temperature of the wire rises and exceeds the designed fusing point, the maximum temperature of the wire, if the fuse fails to blow in time or fails to take timely measures after blowing, then the excessive temperature may cause damage to the wire itself, insulation materials, connectors, circuits, and even adjacent electrical equipment. In worse cases, it may also cause safety hazards such as fire or electric shock, threatening personal safety. Therefore, we expect that after the loop current increases, the temperature of the wire will increase, but its melting temperature can remain unchanged or decrease to ensure that the fuse can be blown in time and the loop connection can be switched. That is, we expect that the curvature of the melting curve fitted by the designed fuse is adjustable, especially when the current increases, the curvature of the melting curve decreases, and it can be blown in time at a lower temperature.

[0070] Therefore, in some embodiments, based on the thermal effect principle, the expression of the pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function is:

[0071] ;

[0072] in, n The number of times the current value is obtained by sampling; p n For the n The equivalent power value corresponding to the sampling; I n_ADC For the n The current value obtained by sampling; k 2, k 3. k 4 and k m They correspond to weight coefficients of different order items respectively, and the weight coefficients of different order items are used to adjust the fuse sensitivity.

[0073] In some embodiments, since the thermal effect of the wire corresponds to the power amount, and the power amount is proportional to the square of the current, the more the number of high-order terms is increased, the larger the adjustable range of the curvature of the fitted fuse curve is.

[0074] It should be noted that in specific applications, when too many high-order terms are introduced, although the adjustment range of the fuse sensitivity (i.e., the curvature of the fuse curve) becomes larger, the calculation resources occupied are also more. Therefore, in practical applications, the added high-order terms can be appropriately selected according to specific needs.

[0075] Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the expression of the pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function is:

[0076] ;

[0077] Compared with the prior art, the algorithm provided in this embodiment adds Term, and the second-order term weight coefficient k 2 and fourth-order weight coefficients k 4. By changing k 2 and k 4 Two weight coefficient values ​​can be achieved in the fuse time T nom and overcurrent point current I oc_THR Under the condition that the conditions remain unchanged, by changing the sensitivity of the electric fuse during the process of triggering the fuse protection, the curvature of its fuse curve can be changed.

[0078] In some embodiments, the second-order weight coefficient k 2nd and 4th order weights k 4 coefficients satisfy:

[0079] ;

[0080] in, V oc_THR is the preset overcurrent voltage value; G is the magnification of the amplification component; y is the number of bits of the analog-to-digital conversion component, V ref It is the reference voltage of the analog-to-digital conversion component.

[0081] ;

[0082] in, Rs is the resistance value of the sampling resistor Rs.

[0083] It can be seen that while maintaining the fuse time T nom and overcurrent point current I oc_THR If it remains unchanged, it can be changed by adjusting k 2 and k 4 The values ​​of the two weight coefficients are used to adjust the fuse sensitivity. k2 has a value range of 0~1, and the fourth-order weight coefficient k 4≠0, at this time k The smaller the value of 2, k The larger the value of 4 is, the greater the weight of the fourth-order term is and the higher the fuse sensitivity is.

[0084] Step S303: Calculate the equivalent power value sequence corresponding to the acquired current value sequence according to the high-order equivalent power function.

[0085] Step S304: perform data processing on the equivalent power value sequence to obtain an average equivalent power value.

[0086] Based on the high-order equivalent power function obtained in step S302, the equivalent power value corresponding to the current value is calculated to obtain the equivalent power value corresponding to each sampling current. p n The sequence is processed by integrating and summing it to obtain the average equivalent power value corresponding to each sampling current.

[0087] Step S305: when the average equivalent power value is greater than the preset fuse threshold, output a fuse control signal to control the electronic fuse to trigger protection.

[0088] In this embodiment, the average equivalent power value corresponding to each sampling current calculated in step S304 is compared with the preset fuse threshold. If the average equivalent power value is less than or equal to the preset fuse threshold, it is considered that the current in the circuit has not reached the current value required to be blown, and there is no need to control the fuse to switch the circuit for protection; if the average equivalent power value is greater than the preset fuse threshold, it is considered that the current in the circuit has reached the current value required to be blown, and it is necessary to promptly control the fuse to switch the circuit for protection. At this time, a fuse control signal is output to the fuse switch, and the fuse switch responds to the fuse control signal to cut off the connection between its first end and the second end to achieve the triggering protection of the electronic fuse.

[0089] In some embodiments, a preset fuse threshold P t satisfy:

[0090] ;

[0091] It can be seen that the fuse threshold and the overcurrent point current voltage V oc_THR , the magnification of the amplification component G , the number of bits of the analog-to-digital conversion component y and reference voltage V ref By setting V oc_THR or I oc_THRThe voltage or current value of the overcurrent protection can change the fuse threshold P t value to achieve the purpose of adjusting the overcurrent threshold.

[0092] In some embodiments, the magnification of the amplification component G =20, the number of bits of the analog-to-digital conversion component y =10.

[0093] In summary, the electronic fuse and its fusing control method provided by the embodiment of the present application, in the process of controlling the electronic fuse, by obtaining the current value sequence of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located and the pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function for characterizing the corresponding relationship between the current value and the equivalent power value of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located, according to the high-order equivalent power function, the equivalent power value sequence corresponding to the obtained current value sequence is calculated, and the calculation result is processed to obtain the average equivalent power value. When the average equivalent power value is greater than the preset fusing threshold, the fusing control signal is output to control the electronic fuse to trigger protection. In the present application, by changing the weight coefficients of different order terms in the high-order equivalent power function, the fusing sensitivity of the electronic fuse can be adjusted, and it can be achieved that the fusing temperature of the wire remains unchanged or decreases when the circuit current rises, so as to ensure the fusing performance and surge resistance of the electronic fuse.

[0094] Figure 4 A flowchart for obtaining an average equivalent power value is provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, step S304, performing data processing on the equivalent power value sequence to obtain an average equivalent power value, specifically includes the following steps:

[0095] Step S401: Obtain an equivalent power value sequence corresponding to a current value sequence, and perform integration and summation on the equivalent power value sequence.

[0096] Step S402: Determine an average filter window coefficient according to a preset fuse time.

[0097] It can be understood that in practice, the larger the value of the average filter window coefficient, the longer the corresponding filter period, and the longer the corresponding fuse time. Therefore, the appropriate average filter window coefficient can be determined according to the preset fuse time to achieve the accuracy of controlling the fuse triggering protection.

[0098] In some embodiments, the average filter window coefficient N satisfy:

[0099] ;

[0100] in, T nom is the fuse time, unit is s;f scal is the sampling frequency, unit is HZ.

[0101] In some embodiments, the sampling frequency f scal =250KHz, that is, the sampling module samples the current in the loop once every 4us, that is, calculates the equivalent power value corresponding to the sampled current value once every 4us, compares it with the fuse threshold, and performs fuse control.

[0102] Step S403: Calculate and obtain the average equivalent power value according to the average filter window coefficient and the integral sum of the equivalent power value sequence.

[0103] In some embodiments, the expression of the average equivalent power value is:

[0104] ;

[0105] in, P out_n For the n The average equivalent power value corresponding to the sampling times; S n for n The integral sum of the equivalent power values ​​corresponding to the timesampling.

[0106] It is understandable that the average equivalent power value P out_n The calculation cycle can be selected according to actual needs. The faster the calculation frequency, the higher the continuity of the obtained fuse curve, but the more computing resources are consumed and the greater the power consumption. In practice, the appropriate sampling frequency can be selected according to actual needs.

[0107] In a specific embodiment, the current value sequence of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located is first obtained, and based on the principle of thermal effect, a high-order equivalent power function that characterizes the corresponding relationship between the current value of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located and the equivalent power value is pre-constructed, and the equivalent power value corresponding to each sampling current is calculated according to the circuit current value sequence collected and converted and output by the acquisition module 110. p n Sequence, we can get:

[0108] ;

[0109] ;

[0110] ;

[0111] And so on.

[0112] .

[0113] The equivalent power value corresponding to each sampling current obtained by the above calculation is integrated and summed, and the average equivalent power value corresponding to each sampling current is calculated:

[0114] ; ;

[0115] ; ;

[0116] ; ;

[0117] And so on.

[0118] ; ;

[0119] After each calculation is completed, the average equivalent power value needs to be compared with the preset fuse threshold. When the average equivalent power value is greater than the preset fuse threshold, the fuse control signal is output in time to control the electronic fuse to trigger protection.

[0120] Figure 5 A flow chart of a method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse provided in another embodiment. Figure 5 As shown, the fuse control method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps based on any of the above embodiments:

[0121] Step S501: Acquire a current value sequence of a circuit where an electronic fuse is located, where the current value sequence includes a plurality of current values ​​obtained after collecting the current values ​​of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located for multiple times.

[0122] Step S502: Obtain a pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function, where the high-order equivalent power function is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the current value and the equivalent power value of the loop where the electronic fuse is located.

[0123] Step S503: Calculate the equivalent power value sequence corresponding to the acquired current value sequence according to the high-order equivalent power function.

[0124] Step S504: perform data processing on the equivalent power value sequence to obtain an average equivalent power value.

[0125] Step S505: when the average equivalent power value is greater than the preset fuse threshold, output a fuse control signal to control the electronic fuse to trigger protection.

[0126] Step S506: when the acquired current value is greater than the preset short-circuit protection threshold, a short-circuit protection signal is output to control the disconnection of the electronic fuse to achieve short-circuit protection.

[0127] It can be understood that steps S502-S505 are to control the fuse when the current in the circuit exceeds the fuse threshold, by outputting a fuse control signal to the fuse switch, so that the fuse switch cuts off the circuit to protect the safe operation of electrical equipment and circuits, and prevent dangers such as overheating, damage and even fire of the equipment. Overcurrent may be caused by excessive circuit load, short-term fault, faulty electrical appliances, etc.

[0128] Step S506: When a short circuit occurs in the circuit, that is, a low impedance path is formed between two or more conductors in contact with each other in the circuit, causing the current to increase abnormally, the power supply needs to be cut off quickly and reliably through the fuse to prevent the electrical equipment from being damaged by the short circuit current. Short circuits may be caused by wire wear, insulation damage, internal component failure of the equipment, etc. If the circuit is not cut off in time, serious consequences may occur.

[0129] Therefore, the fuse of this embodiment realizes overcurrent protection and short-circuit protection at the same time through the control program based on the acquired current, thus guaranteeing the safe operation of electrical equipment and circuits.

[0130] It should be noted that step S506 and steps S502 to S505 may be executed simultaneously or in a sequential order, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0131] In order to verify that the electronic fuse provided in the embodiment of the present application has high performance and can meet the needs of different wires in various application scenarios, it is applied in circuits with different wires, and the high-order equivalent power function of the appropriate current value is determined according to the smoke curves of different wires. The second-order term weight coefficient k 2 and fourth-order weight coefficients k 4. Determine the fusing time according to different wire materials T nom , Overcurrent point current I oc_THR (or overcurrent point voltage V oc_THR ), further determine the fuse threshold P t Then, according to the fusing control method of the electronic fuse provided in the embodiment of the present application, the actual operation of the fuse is controlled, and the fusing current of the electronic fuse is recorded according to time, and the fusing curve of the electronic fuse is fitted.

[0132] In some embodiments, the melting curve of the electronic fuse is fitted based on experimental data. It can be expressed as:

[0133] ;

[0134] in,V Rs is the voltage across the sampling resistor Rs, V oc_THR is the preset overcurrent voltage value; G is the magnification of the amplification component; y is the number of bits of the analog-to-digital conversion component, V ref It is the reference voltage of the analog-to-digital conversion component; f scal is the sampling frequency.

[0135] Figure 6 This is a fusing curve of an electronic fuse according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 The temperature variation curve of the electronic fuse wire provided by an embodiment of the present application. Setting appropriate parameters can completely fit the smoke curve of the wire. Figure 6 It can be seen that in k 2=1, k When 4=0, that is, when the prior art does not introduce the current high-order term, the curvatures of the melting curve and the smoke curve are basically consistent and close to each other. Figure 7 It can be seen that as the current increases, the temperature of the wire has a certain upward trend.

[0136] On the basis of the above, change the weight coefficient of the second-order term k 2 and fourth-order weight coefficients k 4. Fitting multiple fusing curves shows that when the overcurrent point current and fusing time remain unchanged, changing the weight coefficient of the second-order term k 2 and fourth-order weight coefficients k 4, which changes the curvature of the fuse curve. Figure 6 It can be seen that in k 2 = 0.78, k When the value is 4=3.8e-6, the curvature of the overall curve changes as the current increases, the time decay is faster, and the distance from the smoke curve is also increased. From the perspective of temperature rise effect, as the current increases, the temperature no longer rises or remains flat, but shows a downward trend, which is the desired result. In theory, the faster the decline, the better. Of course, the ability to resist surge current must be considered comprehensively. If the curvature is larger, the sensitivity is higher. When the curvature is greater than I oc_THR The surge current under the condition of the surge current is weaker (in I oc_THR The ability under the conditions is the same as before), so when adjusting k 2, k When adjusting the parameters of 4, it is necessary to consider the surge resistance required in practice and make a compromise adjustment.

[0137] At the same time, according to the measured results, the time resolution of the sampling frequency fuse curve is theoretically 4us, which is much higher than the discrete algorithm, and the steps of the discrete algorithm can be eliminated, so that the fuse curve has a better fit than the discrete algorithm, is more in line with the laws of physics and is more reasonable, and reduces the control setting error. It can also be seen that the electronic fuse controlled by the fuse control method of the embodiment of the present application basically eliminates the steps in the fuse curve fitted by the prior art, so that the fuse curve has a better fit than the discrete algorithm, is more in line with the laws of physics and is more reasonable.

[0138] In summary, the electronic fuse and its fusing control method provided by the embodiment of the present application, in the process of controlling the electronic fuse, by obtaining the current value sequence of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located and the pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function for characterizing the corresponding relationship between the current value and the equivalent power value of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located, according to the high-order equivalent power function, the equivalent power value sequence corresponding to the obtained current value sequence is calculated, and the calculation result is processed to obtain the average equivalent power value. When the average equivalent power value is greater than the preset fusing threshold, the fusing control signal is output to realize the control of the electronic fuse to trigger the protection. In the present application, by changing the weight coefficients of different order terms in the high-order equivalent power function, the fusing sensitivity of the electronic fuse can be adjusted, and it can be achieved that the fusing temperature of the wire remains unchanged or decreases when the circuit current rises, so as to ensure the fusing performance and surge resistance of the electronic fuse, which is more cost-effective.

[0139] An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the various processes of any embodiment of the above-mentioned electronic fuse control method are implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0140] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0141] An embodiment of the present application also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of any embodiment of the above-mentioned electronic fuse control method, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0142] It can be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0143] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the functions of the various methods in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by hardware or by computer programs. When all or part of the functions in the above-mentioned embodiments are implemented by computer programs, the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium can include: read-only memory, random access memory, disk, optical disk, hard disk, etc., and the program is executed by a computer to implement the above-mentioned functions. For example, the program is stored in the memory of the device, and when the program in the memory is executed by the processor, all or part of the above-mentioned functions can be implemented. In addition, when all or part of the functions in the above-mentioned embodiments are implemented by computer programs, the program can also be stored in a storage medium such as a server, another computer, disk, optical disk, flash disk or mobile hard disk, and can be downloaded or copied and saved in the memory of the local device, or the system of the local device is updated, and when the program in the memory is executed by the processor, all or part of the functions in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented.

[0144] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present application, ordinary technicians in the field can make several simple deductions, deformations or substitutions based on the ideas of the present application without departing from the scope of protection of the purpose of the present application and the claims. All of these are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse, characterized in that: include: Acquire a current value sequence of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located; the current value sequence includes multiple current values ​​obtained after collecting the current values ​​of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located multiple times; Obtain a pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function; the high-order equivalent power function is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the current value and the equivalent power value of the loop where the electronic fuse is located; the expression of the pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function is: ； in, n The number of times the current value is obtained by sampling; p n For the n The equivalent power value corresponding to the sampling; I n_ADC For the n The current value obtained by sampling; m is the order of the current value order term; k 2, k 3. k 4 and k m The weight coefficients respectively correspond to different order items, and the weight coefficients of different order items are used to adjust the fusing sensitivity; Calculating, according to the high-order equivalent power function, an equivalent power value sequence corresponding to the acquired current value sequence; Performing data processing on the equivalent power value sequence to obtain an average equivalent power value; When the average equivalent power value is greater than a preset fuse threshold, a fuse control signal is output to control the electronic fuse to trigger protection.

2. The method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic fuse includes a collection module, which is used to collect and obtain the current value of the circuit where the electronic fuse is located, and convert the current value into a digital signal for output after amplification; wherein the collection module includes a collection component, an amplification component and an analog-to-digital conversion component; The expression of the pre-constructed high-order equivalent power function is: ； Among them, the second-order weight coefficient k 2 and fourth-order weight coefficients k 4 Satisfaction: ； in, V oc_THR is the preset overcurrent voltage value; G is the magnification of the amplifying component; y is the number of bits of the analog-to-digital conversion component, V ref is the reference voltage of the analog-to-digital conversion component.

3. The method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The performing data processing on the equivalent power value sequence to obtain an average equivalent power value includes: Obtaining an equivalent power value sequence corresponding to the current value sequence, and integrating and summing the equivalent power value sequence; According to the preset fuse time, determine the average filter window coefficient; The average equivalent power value is calculated based on the average filter window coefficient and the integral sum of the equivalent power value sequence.

4. The method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The expression for calculating the average equivalent power value according to the average filter window coefficient and the integral sum of the equivalent power value sequence is: ； in, P out_n For the n The average equivalent power value corresponding to the sampling times; S n for n The integral sum of the equivalent power values ​​corresponding to the sub-sampling; N is the average filter window coefficient.

5. The method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The average filter window coefficient N satisfy: ； in, T nom is the fuse time, in seconds; f scal is the sampling frequency, in Hz.

6. The method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preset fuse threshold is P t , P t satisfy: 。 7. The method for controlling the fusing of an electronic fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When the acquired current value is greater than a preset short-circuit protection threshold, a short-circuit protection signal is output to control the disconnection of the electronic fuse to achieve short-circuit protection.

8. An electronic fuse, characterized in that: include: The acquisition module includes an acquisition component, an amplification component and an analog-to-digital conversion component; the acquisition module is used to acquire a current signal representing the current of the loop where the electronic fuse is located, and amplify the current signal and convert it into a digital signal for output; A fuse control module, comprising a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to implement the fuse control method of the electronic fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when the computer program is executed; The fuse module comprises a fuse switch; the fuse switch cuts off the connection between the first end and the second end in response to the fuse control signal output by the fuse control module to achieve the triggering protection of the electronic fuse.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the fusing control method of the electronic fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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