Heterogeneous resource allocation method in dynamic TDD mode in multi-hop IAB networks

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for allocating heterogeneous resources in a dynamic TDD mode in a multi-hop IAB network, including obtaining data information of a target multi-hop IAB network; establishing a network architecture of a target multi-hop IAB network; establishing a wireless signal propagation model, a power discretization model, a frame structure model, and an end-to-end service quality model; constructing a heterogeneous resource allocation model and solving the heterogeneous resource allocation in a dynamic TDD mode in a multi-hop IAB network. The present invention takes into account all possible link interference sources in a multi-hop IAB network scenario, and comprehensively considers the transmission power adjustment of macro base stations, small base stations, and terminal users, and can meet the communication link throughput constraints and spectrum energy efficiency constraints to improve network throughput; therefore, the present invention has high reliability, good accuracy, and higher overall efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of communication technology, and in particular relates to a heterogeneous resource allocation method in a dynamic TDD mode in a multi-hop IAB network. Background Art

[0002] Driven by mobile Internet applications, the demand for wireless network traffic continues to increase significantly. To cope with the trend of traffic growth, more spectrum resources and more efficient spectrum utilization technologies are needed. Dense deployment of base stations is one of the simple and effective means to efficiently utilize spectrum to increase the capacity of cellular networks. The increasing demand for data transmission rates has led to denser deployment of cellular cells. In the scenario of ultra-dense deployment of base stations, there are a large number of backhaul links. If fiber backhaul is used, the deployment cost is high and it is not applicable to all scenarios. Wireless backhaul does not require additional fiber deployment costs, so network operators can flexibly deploy wireless backhaul small base stations. Therefore, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) networks came into being. Multi-hop IAB based on millimeter wave bands is expected to provide a low-cost solution and effectively expand coverage and increase network capacity.

[0003] At the same time, improving spectrum utilization is also an indispensable means to cope with the trend of traffic growth. Flexible and dynamic duplex operation can effectively improve spectrum utilization. The fourth-generation mobile communication system uses two duplex modes: frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). The FDD mode requires the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) to work in different frequency bands, while the TDD mode allows them to work in different time slots of the same frequency band. Compared with the TDD mode, the FDD mode occupies more spectrum resources. Moreover, some scattered spectrum resources cannot be used in the FDD mode, resulting in spectrum waste. At present, the fifth-generation mobile communication system can already support dynamic TDD (D-TDD) to achieve duplex flexibility.

[0004] At present, the research on dynamic TDD mode in multi-hop IAB network generally only focuses on the single-direction (i.e., uplink or downlink) transmission scenario of IAB network. However, such research cannot achieve the optimal configuration of full network resources in dynamic TDD mode in multi-hop IAB network. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a heterogeneous resource allocation method in a dynamic TDD mode in a multi-hop IAB network with high reliability, good accuracy and higher overall efficiency.

[0006] The heterogeneous resource allocation method in the dynamic TDD mode in the multi-hop IAB network provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Obtain data information of the target multi-hop IAB network;

[0008] S2. Establish the target multi-hop IAB network architecture according to the data information obtained in step S1;

[0009] S3. Establish a wireless signal propagation model, a power discretization model, a frame structure model, and an end-to-end service quality model based on the data information obtained in step S1 and the network architecture obtained in step S2;

[0010] S4. Construct a heterogeneous resource allocation model based on the model established in step S3;

[0011] S5. Solve the heterogeneous resource allocation model constructed in step S4 to obtain a solution result, and complete the heterogeneous resource allocation in the dynamic TDD mode in the multi-hop IAB network.

[0012] The establishment of the target multi-hop IAB network architecture described in step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0013] The network architecture of the target multi-hop IAB network to be established includes a macro base station MBS, several small base stations SBS and several user equipments UE;

[0014] Each base station is equipped with 3K RF chains, capable of establishing up to K concurrent connections in sub-6GHz, mmWave and THz bands respectively;

[0015] For each type of radio interface, each user equipment UE has only one RF chain;

[0016] Within the network coverage, all UEs can communicate directly with all base stations through the sub-6GHz frequency band; all small base stations SBS can communicate directly with the macro base station MBS through the sub-6GHz frequency band; in the millimeter wave and terahertz frequency bands, not all small base stations SBS and user equipment UE can communicate directly with each other, and some small base stations SBS and user equipment UE must be connected through several relay nodes in the millimeter wave and terahertz frequency bands;

[0017] Each small base station SBS assumes the relay obligation to maintain the IAB network performance; if a small base station SBS does not act as a relay, it is called a non-relay small base station, and is prohibited from using the terahertz frequency band; a small base station that acts as a relay is called a relay small base station. The relay small base station can use the terahertz frequency band and ensure the transmission performance of its own user equipment while being able to complete the relay task.

[0018] The wireless signal propagation model described in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0019] The access link, backhaul link, and relay link in the network share all the millimeter wave and terahertz bandwidth; time division multiplexing is used between the access and backhaul links;

[0020] The following formula is used as the sector antenna model to represent the actual antenna direction:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula is the antenna directional gain; is the main lobe beam width; ε is the side lobe gain; θ is the offset angle between the beam and the main lobe;

[0023] In the case of beam alignment, the directional transmission gain from node i to node j is and directional receiving gain It is expressed as:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula is the transmit beam width; is the receiving beam width;

[0026] The received power spectral density of a millimeter wave or terahertz link is calculated using the following formula:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula is the received power spectral density; is the transmit power spectrum density; L a (f,d i,j ) is the absorption loss, and K(f) is the total absorption coefficient of the medium, f is the operating frequency; L p (f,d i,j ) is the propagation loss, and c is the speed of light;

[0029] The interference power spectrum density and power perceived at node j are calculated using the following formula:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula is the directional transmission gain of link i'→j; is the directional receiving gain of link i'→j; is the received power spectrum density of link i'→j; is the transmission power spectrum density of link i'→j; ζ is the power spectrum density coefficient; is the power sensed at node j;

[0032] is the offset angle between the receive beam direction of node j and the link from node i' to node j, is the offset angle between the transmission beam direction of node j and the link from node i' to node j; if and Assuming that the beam of the interfering node i' is aligned with the beam of the interfered node j, the directional transmission and reception gain of the interfering path is expressed as:

[0033]

[0034] Where j' represents the interfering node j'.

[0035] The power discretization model described in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0036] Performing discrete power control on all base stations and user equipment; the base stations include macro base stations and small base stations;

[0037] set up is the maximum transmit power of each base station, is the maximum transmit power of each user equipment;

[0038] The discretized base station power is expressed as Where L bs is the power level of the base station;

[0039] The discretized user equipment power is expressed as Where L ue is the power level of the user equipment;

[0040] The maximum number of user devices associated with each small base station is K, which can be expressed as in, For small base stations m m The associated Kth user equipment, m m is the identifier of a small base station, M - A collection of small base stations.

[0041] The frame structure model described in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0042] The frame structure used is a special TDD radio frame structure specified by time division long term evolution;

[0043] Dynamically adapt to instantaneous uplink and downlink traffic changes by configuring the ratio of uplink subframes to downlink subframes;

[0044] There are seven configuration types in the frame; each frame is 10ms long and consists of 10 consecutive 1ms subframes; each subframe has three types, including subframe U, subframe D and subframe S; subframe U represents UL service subframe, subframe DL service subframe; at the same time, it is stipulated that subframe S is used as subframe D.

[0045] The end-to-end service quality model described in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0046] When the D-TDD scheme is used for each small base station to adapt to the asymmetric DL and UL traffic requirements, and a non-uniform transmission time allocation scheme is used to balance the RA traffic and BH traffic of each small base station, UE-UE CLI interference and SBS-SBS CLI interference are considered; wherein RA traffic is the wireless access traffic of the small base station, and BH traffic is the backhaul traffic of the small base station; UE-UE CLI interference is the interference between user equipments associated with small base stations with different frame structure configurations, and SBS-SBS CLI interference is the interference between small base stations with different frame structure configurations;

[0047] Assume that each subframe consists of Z time slots; for any small base station m at the tth frame m ∈M - , the normalized RA / BH transmission duration ratio during the τth subframe satisfies:

[0048]

[0049] In the formula is the small base station m in the tth frame m is the ratio of the radio access and backhaul transmission durations of the τth subframe; Ω is the ratio of the radio access and backhaul transmission durations;

[0050] set up is the RA / BH transmission duration ratio sequence during the τth subframe of the tth frame corresponding to the M small base stations; Ω t,τ Arrange the elements in ascending order, and we get set up Corresponding to the ascending sequence The index sequence of is the index of the Mth small base station; and and

[0051] In the resource allocation system that jointly considers the dynamic UL / DL traffic ratio and the non-uniform RA / BH transmission duration ratio, four interference sources are considered to calculate the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each link; these interference sources appear in the RA and BH transmission durations of each U subframe, and in the BH and RA transmission durations of each D subframe, respectively;

[0052] 1) Interference, SINR and throughput calculation for Case 1: Case 1 is a transmission scenario in which a user equipment is connected to a macro base station via a small base station, corresponding to a two-hop IAB network scenario;

[0053] For the user device To small base station m m ∈M - UL access link, in During the duration of t,τ Interference of the UL access link and DL access link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i And the index sequence L t,τ Interference between the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link of the small base station with index less than i Expressed as

[0054]

[0055] In the formula is the index sequence L t,τ The index set of small base stations with indices less than i; is the index sequence L t,τ The index set of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i; U m' For small base station m m' The associated user device set; U m' \k is the small base station m m' A set of user devices except user device k in the associated user device set; D m' is an indicator variable, if the small base station m m' If U subframe is being processed, D m' =0, otherwise D m' =1;

[0056] From small base stations m ∈M - To user device The access link is During the duration of t,τ Interference of the UL access link and DL access link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i And the index sequence L t,τ Interference between the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link of the small base station with index less than i Expressed as

[0057]

[0058] For small base stations m ∈M- The UL backhaul link to the macro base station m0 is During the duration of t,τ Interference of the UL access link and DL access link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i And the index sequence L t,τ The interference between the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link of all small base stations with index greater than i Expressed as

[0059]

[0060] Where M i - \m is the index sequence L t,τ Among all small base stations with index less than i, except small base station m m A collection of small base stations outside;

[0061] From macro base station m0 to small base station m m ∈M - UL backhaul link, in During the duration of t,τ Interference of the UL access link and DL access link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i And the index sequence L t,τ The interference between the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link of all small base stations with index greater than i Expressed as

[0062]

[0063] exist During the duration of and small base stations m The SINR of the UL access link and the DL access link between them is expressed as

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] In the formula For user equipment and small base stations m The signal-to-noise ratio of the UL access link between For user equipment and small base stations m The signal-to-noise ratio of the DL access link between them; N0 is the background noise power spectral density;

[0067] exist During the duration of m The SINR of the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link between

[0068]

[0069] In the formula is the macro base station m0 and the small base station m m The signal-to-noise ratio of the UL backhaul link between is the macro base station m0 and the small base station m m The signal-to-noise ratio of the DL backhaul link between

[0070] exist During the duration of and small base stations m The throughput of the UL access link and the DL access link between

[0071]

[0072] In the formula For user equipment and small base stations m The throughput of the UL access link between For user equipment and small base stations m The throughput of the DL access link between

[0073] exist During the duration of m The throughput of the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link between

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] In the formula is the macro base station m0 and the small base station m m The throughput of the UL backhaul link between is the macro base station m0 and the small base station m m The throughput of the DL backhaul link between

[0077] 2) Interference, SINR and throughput calculation for Case 2: Case 2 is a transmission scenario in which a user equipment is connected to a macro base station via two small base stations, corresponding to a three-hop IAB network scenario;

[0078] It is stipulated that each relay SBS must transmit data according to the access or backhaul transmission duration divided by the non-relay SBS on the same transmission path;

[0079] At this time, the interference, SINR and throughput calculations in case 2 are exactly the same as those in case 1;

[0080] 3) Interference, SINR and throughput calculation for Case 3: Case 3 is a transmission scenario in which a user equipment is connected to a macro base station via three small base stations, corresponding to a four-hop IAB network scenario;

[0081] The interference, SINR, and throughput calculations for the mmWave spectrum resource blocks in case 3 are exactly the same as those in case 1.

[0082] exist During the duration of To small base station m m ∈M - The UL access terahertz link only receives the index sequence L t,τ The interference of the UL access terahertz link and DL access terahertz link of all relay small base stations except the small base station with index less than i is expressed as

[0083]

[0084] In the formula For user equipment To small base station m m ∈M - The interference received by the UL access terahertz link from the UL and DL access terahertz links; thz is the bandwidth of the terahertz spectrum resource block;

[0085] exist During the duration of the small base station m m ∈M - To user device The UL access terahertz link only receives the index sequence L t,τ The interference of the UL access terahertz link and DL access terahertz link of all relay small base stations except the small base station with index less than i is expressed as

[0086]

[0087] In the formula For small base station m m ∈M - To user device The interference received by the DL access terahertz link from the UL and DL access terahertz links;

[0088] exist During the duration of and small base stations m ∈M - The SINR of the UL access terahertz link and the DL access terahertz link between is expressed as

[0089]

[0090] In the formula For user equipment and small base stations m ∈M - The signal-to-noise ratio of the UL access terahertz link between For user equipment and small base stations m ∈M - The signal-to-noise ratio of the DL access terahertz link between;

[0091] exist During the duration of and small base stations m ∈M - The throughput of the UL access terahertz link and the DL access terahertz link between

[0092]

[0093] In the formula For user equipment and small base stations m ∈M - The throughput of the UL access terahertz link between For user equipment and small base stations m ∈M - The throughput of the DL access terahertz link between .

[0094] Step S4, according to the model established in step S3, constructs a heterogeneous resource allocation model, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0095] The following formula is used as the objective function of the heterogeneous resource allocation model:

[0096]

[0097] Where PL 1 is the set of transmission paths in case 1, where the elements are represented as at the same time, It also indicates the only small base station on the transmission path; PL 2 is the set of transmission paths in case 2, where the elements are represented as Indicates the non-relay slave base station on the transmission path, Represents the relay slave base station on the transmission path; PL 3 is the set of transmission paths in case 3, where the elements are represented as is a non-relay slave base station on the transmission path, is a relay slave base station adjacent to the non-relay slave base station on the transmission path, is a relay slave base station adjacent to the macro base station m0; T q is the throughput of the system, and For the transmission path set PL in case 1 1 The total UL access throughput is For case 1, small base stations a collection of associated user devices; For the transmission path set PL in case 1 1 The total DL backhaul throughput is For the transmission path set PL in case 2 2 The total UL access throughput is For case 2, small and medium-sized base stations The associated user device collection, For case 2, small and medium-sized base stations a collection of associated user devices; For the transmission path set PL in case 2 2 The total DL backhaul throughput is For the transmission path set PL in case 3 3 The total UL access throughput is For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations The associated user device collection, For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations The associated user device collection, For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations a collection of associated user devices; For the transmission path set PL in case 3 3 The total DL backhaul throughput is

[0098] The following formula is used as the constraint condition:

[0099] Constraint 1:

[0100] Constraint 2: P UE is the discretized user equipment power set, P bs is the discretized base station power set;

[0101] Constraint 3: and in, For case 2, small and medium-sized base stations and small base stations The throughput of the transmission path between them can be achieved by using several spectrum resource blocks at the same time. The calculation is expressed as is the spectrum resource block set used in case 2, ζ mm is the bandwidth of a millimeter wave spectrum resource block;

[0102] Constraint 4: and

[0103] Constraint 5: and in, For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations and small base stations The throughput of the transmission path between For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations and small base stations The throughput of the transmission path between them can be achieved by using several spectrum resource blocks at the same time. The calculation is expressed as Ability to use several spectrum resource blocks simultaneously to achieve The calculation is expressed as

[0104] Constraint 6: and

[0105] Constraint 7:

[0106] Constraint 8: and

[0107] Constraint 9: Ability to use several spectrum resource blocks simultaneously to achieve The calculation is expressed as

[0108] Constraint 10: and

[0109] Constraint 11: and Ability to use several spectrum resource blocks simultaneously to achieve The calculation is expressed as Ability to use several spectrum resource blocks simultaneously to achieve The calculation is expressed as

[0110] Constraint 12: and

[0111] Constraint 13:

[0112] Constraint 14: n is the minimum uplink throughput requirement that the user equipment should meet, The upper limit of the data rate that each small base station can provide;

[0113] Constraint 15: is the minimum downlink throughput requirement that the user equipment should meet;

[0114] Constraint 16: in, is the minimum spectrum energy efficiency that the network should meet; S EE is the average spectral energy efficiency of the system, and in is the total UL power consumption in case 1, and is the total UL power consumption in case 2, and is the total UL power consumption in case 3, and is the total DL power consumption in case 1, and is the total DL power consumption in case 2, and is the total DL power consumption in case 3, and

[0115] The solution described in step S5 includes the following steps:

[0116] The macro base station is set as the leader to determine the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode and its own transmit power; the first follower is the terminal user, and each terminal user follows the non-cooperative game and determines its own transmit power; the second follower is the small base station, and each small base station follows the non-cooperative game to determine its own uplink transmit power, downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio;

[0117] The solution process is as follows:

[0118] A. The leader initializes the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode and the macro base station transmit power, and initializes the uplink transmit power, downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmit time ratio for each small base station;

[0119] B. The leader notifies the end-user game player of the results;

[0120] C. End users follow a non-cooperative game, each determining their own transmission power and reporting the results to the leader;

[0121] D. The leader determines whether to end the interaction process based on its own utility function: if not, the notification result of the terminal user game party, the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode and the macro base station transmission power are notified to the small base station game party; if it is ended, the solution process ends;

[0122] E. Based on the results notified, the small base stations follow a non-cooperative game, each determining its own uplink transmit power, downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmit time ratio, and reporting the results to the leader;

[0123] F. The leader decides whether to end the interaction process based on his own utility function: if not, the next iteration will be carried out in step B; if it is, the solution process ends.

[0124] The solution described in step S5 specifically includes the following steps:

[0125] (1) For macro base stations:

[0126] Input: None

[0127] Output: macro base station transmit power and network uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode, small base station uplink and downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio and end-user transmit power;

[0128] Step 1: The macro base station initializes its transmission power to each small base station as power set P bs The minimum value in Initialize the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode for each small base station to mode F0 in the frame mode set, and the corresponding frame mode is: the first subframe is a D frame, the second subframe is an S frame, the third subframe is a U frame, the fourth subframe is a U frame, the fifth subframe is a U frame, the sixth subframe is a D frame, the seventh subframe is an S frame, the eighth subframe is a U frame, the ninth subframe is a U frame, and the tenth subframe is a U frame; and initialize the uplink and downlink transmission power of each small base station to the power set P bs The maximum value in The access and backhaul transmission time ratio of each subframe in the time frame is initialized to a set value;

[0129] Step 2: The macro base station sends the initialized transmission power of itself to each small base station, the uplink and downlink frame configuration mode initialized for each small base station, the uplink and downlink transmission power of each small base station, and the access and backhaul transmission time ratio to each terminal user;

[0130] Step 3: Initialize end-user power variables All are set values, terminal user game equilibrium judgment variables All are set values;

[0131] Step 4: Wait for the transmission power sent by the end user;

[0132] Step 5: After receiving the transmission power from the terminal user u to the small base station s, assign it to the variable P and compare P with Are they equal: If they are equal, Set to 1; otherwise, assign P to

[0133] Step 6: Determine the variables Are all 1: If not, then Send to each end user and return to step 4, otherwise proceed to the next step;

[0134] Step 7: In the policy set P bs ×F to search for the second utility function μ s The maximum macro base station power and uplink and downlink frame configuration mode are assigned to variables With {F s |s∈S}, and assign the value of the second utility function to the first intermediate variable

[0135] The second utility function μ s Expressed as

[0136]

[0137] Where e S is a non-negative penalty scalar; S is a set of game participants and S = {1, 2, ..., s}; φ(x) is a penalty function, if x does not satisfy the communication link throughput constraint, then φ(x) = -1, if x satisfies the communication link throughput constraint, then φ(x) = 0; the communication link throughput constraint includes constraint 1, constraint 3, constraint 5, constraint 7, constraint 9, constraint 11, constraint 14 and constraint 15;

[0138] Step 8: Add end-user policies Macro base station strategy and {F s |s∈S}, small base station strategy and Sent to each small base station;

[0139] Step 9: Initialize the small base station uplink transmit power variable Downlink transmit power variable and access to backhaul transmission time ratio variable All are set values, small base station game equilibrium judgment variables All are set values;

[0140] Step 10: Wait for the uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio sent by the small base station;

[0141] Step 11: After receiving the strategy of small base station s, assign it to variable P up , {Ω τ |τ∈{0,1,...,9}}, and respectively Compare: If they are equal, Set to 1, otherwise P up , {Ω τ |τ∈{0,1,...,9}} are assigned to

[0142] Step 12: Determine the variables Are all 1: If not, the small base station strategy Send to each small base station and return to step 10, otherwise go to the next step;

[0143] Step 13: In the policy set P bs ×F, search for the macro base station power and uplink and downlink frame configuration mode that maximizes the second utility function, and assign it to the variable With {F s |s∈S}, and assign the value of the second utility function to the second intermediate variable

[0144] Step 14: If Then Assign to and proceed to the next step, otherwise an end notification is sent to the small base station and the end user, and the algorithm ends;

[0145] Step 15: Small cell strategy and Macro base station strategy and {F s |s∈S}, end-user policy Sent to each end user;

[0146] Step 16: Set the terminal user game equilibrium judgment variable Set all to 0;

[0147] Step 17: Wait for the transmission power sent by the terminal user;

[0148] Step 18: After receiving the transmission power of the terminal user u to the small base station s, assign it to the third intermediate variable P and compare P with Are they equal? ​​If they are equal, Set to 1, otherwise assign P to

[0149] Step 19: Determine the variables Are all 1: If not, then Send to each end user and return to step 17, otherwise proceed to the next step;

[0150] Step 20: In the policy set P bs ×F, search for the macro base station power and uplink and downlink frame configuration mode that maximizes the second utility function, and assign it to the variable and {F s |s∈S} and assign the value of the utility function to the variable

[0151] Step 21: If Then Assign to And return to step 8, otherwise go to the next step;

[0152] Step 22: Send the end notification to the small base station and the terminal user, and the algorithm ends;

[0153] (2) For end user u, u∈U

[0154] Input: macro base station transmit power, network uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode, small base station uplink and downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio, and other end users’ transmit power;

[0155] Output: The end user's own transmission power;

[0156] Step 1: If you receive {F s |s∈S}, Then the transmission power of the initialization itself to the associated small base station is the strategy set P ue The minimum value among , and send it to the macro base station;

[0157] Step 2: If you receive Then traverse the strategy set P ueSearching for a transmission power that maximizes the first utility function, and sending the power to the macro base station;

[0158] The first utility function μ u Expressed as

[0159]

[0160] Where e t is a non-negative penalty variable;

[0161] Step 3: If you receive {F s |s∈S}, Then traverse the strategy set P ue Searching for a transmission power that maximizes the first utility function, and sending the power to the macro base station;

[0162] Step 4: If the end notification sent by the macro base station is received, the terminal user game process ends;

[0163] (3) For small base station s, s∈S

[0164] Input: macro base station transmit power, network uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode, end-user transmit power, other small base stations’ uplink transmit power, downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio;

[0165] Output: uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio of the small base station itself;

[0166] Step 1: If you receive {F s |s∈S}, Then traverse the strategy set P bs ×P bs ×Ω searches for the uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio that maximize the second utility function, and sends them to the macro base station;

[0167] Step 2: If you receive Then traverse the strategy set P bs ×P bs ×Ω searches for the uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio that maximize the second utility function, and sends them to the macro base station;

[0168] Step 3: If the end notification sent by the macro base station is received, the small base station game process ends.

[0169] The heterogeneous resource allocation method in the dynamic TDD mode in the multi-hop IAB network provided by the present invention takes into account all possible link interference sources in the multi-hop IAB network scenario, and comprehensively considers the transmission power adjustment of macro base stations, small base stations and terminal users, and can meet the communication link throughput constraints and spectrum energy efficiency constraints to improve the network throughput; therefore, the present invention has high reliability, good accuracy and higher overall efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0170] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0171] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of an integrated access and backhaul and dynamic time division duplex communication mode.

[0172] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the network frame structure of the method of the present invention.

[0173] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of changes in system throughput during the iteration process of the method embodiment of the present invention.

[0174] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the effect of the number of small base stations in a network on system throughput in an embodiment of the method of the present invention.

[0175] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the impact of the beam width of a small base station and a terminal user on the system throughput in an embodiment of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0176] like Figure 1 The method flow diagram of the method of the present invention is shown as follows: the heterogeneous resource allocation method in the dynamic TDD mode in the multi-hop IAB network provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0177] S1. Obtain data information of the target multi-hop IAB network;

[0178] S2. According to the data information obtained in step S1, the network architecture of the target multi-hop IAB network is established (such as Figure 2 Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0179] The network architecture of the target multi-hop IAB network to be established includes a macro base station MBS, several small base stations SBS and several user equipments UE;

[0180] Each base station is equipped with 3K RF chains, capable of establishing up to K concurrent connections in sub-6GHz, mmWave and THz bands respectively;

[0181] For each type of radio interface, each user equipment UE has only one RF chain, so the number of possible RF chains ranges from 1 to 3;

[0182] Within the network coverage, all user equipment UE can directly communicate with all base stations through the sub-6GHz frequency band; all small base stations SBS can directly communicate with the macro base station MBS through the sub-6GHz frequency band; in the millimeter wave and terahertz frequency bands, not all small base stations SBS and user equipment UE can communicate directly with each other, that is, some nodes need to be connected through one or more relay nodes in the millimeter wave and terahertz frequency bands. The millimeter wave frequency band has a longer direct communication range than the terahertz frequency band and a higher transmission capacity than the sub-6GHz frequency band. Therefore, it is more suitable as a wireless communication medium between base stations. Some small base stations SBS and user equipment UE must be connected through several relay nodes in the millimeter wave and terahertz frequency bands.

[0183] Each small base station SBS assumes the relay obligation to maintain the IAB network performance; if a small base station SBS does not play the role of relay, it is called a non-relay small base station, and it is prohibited to use the terahertz frequency band; the small base station that plays the role of relay is called a relay small base station, which can use the terahertz frequency band and ensure the transmission performance of its own user equipment on the premise of completing the relay task;

[0184] S3. Establish a wireless signal propagation model, a power discretization model, a frame structure model, and an end-to-end service quality model based on the data information obtained in step S1 and the network architecture obtained in step S2;

[0185] In the specific implementation, a wireless signal propagation model is established, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0186] The access link, backhaul link, and relay link in the network share all the millimeter wave and terahertz bandwidth; time division multiplexing is used between the access and backhaul links;

[0187] The following formula is used as the sector antenna model to represent the actual antenna direction:

[0188]

[0189] In the formula is the antenna directional gain; is the main lobe beam width, expressed in radians; ε is the side lobe gain, expressed in radians; θ is the offset angle between the beam and the main lobe, which is a very small value;

[0190] Since the millimeter wave / terahertz link is short, its Line of Sight (LoS) communication probability is high. Under the beam alignment condition, the directional transmission gain from node i to node j is and directional receiving gain It is expressed as:

[0191]

[0192] In the formula is the transmit beam width; is the receiving beam width;

[0193] Based on the above millimeter wave / terahertz channel propagation model, the received power spectrum density of the millimeter wave or terahertz link is calculated using the following formula:

[0194]

[0195] In the formula is the received power spectral density; is the transmit power spectrum density; L a (f,d i,j ) is the absorption loss, and K(f) is the total absorption coefficient of the medium, f is the operating frequency; L p (f,d i,j ) is the propagation loss, and c is the speed of light;

[0196] After determining the mmWave / THz channel bandwidth ζ, the transmit power and received power The following formula can be used for calculation:

[0197]

[0198] Taking two concurrent mmWave / THz links (e.g., i→j and i'→j') as an example, the interference power spectrum density and power perceived at node j are calculated using the following formula:

[0199]

[0200] In the formula is the directional transmission gain of link i'→j; is the directional receiving gain of link i'→j; is the received power spectrum density of link i'→j; is the transmission power spectrum density of link i'→j; ζ is the power spectrum density coefficient; is the power sensed at node j;

[0201] is the offset angle between the receive beam direction of node j and the link from node i' to node j, is the offset angle between the transmission beam direction of node j and the link from node i' to node j; if and Assuming that the beam of the interfering node i' is aligned with the beam of the interfered node j, the directional transmission and reception gain of the interfering path is expressed as:

[0202]

[0203] Where j' represents the interference node j';

[0204] Establishing a power discretization model includes the following steps:

[0205] Power control is an effective and simple means to improve the energy efficiency of wireless networks; discrete power control is performed on all base stations and user equipment; the base stations include macro base stations and small base stations;

[0206] set up is the maximum transmit power of each base station, is the maximum transmit power of each user equipment;

[0207] The discretized base station power is expressed as Where L bs is the power level of the base station;

[0208] The discretized user equipment power is expressed as Where L ue is the power level of the user equipment;

[0209] Since the present invention mainly focuses on using the millimeter wave frequency band to transmit large-capacity and long data streams, the number of user devices associated with each small base station is at most K, which is expressed as in, For small base stations m m The associated Kth user equipment, m m is the mth small base station, M - is a small base station set; the millimeter wave spectrum resource block set is express;

[0210] Establishing a frame structure model specifically includes the following steps:

[0211] The frame structure used is a special TDD radio frame structure specified by time division long term evolution;

[0212] Dynamically adapt to instantaneous uplink and downlink traffic changes by configuring the ratio of uplink subframes to downlink subframes;

[0213] TD-LTE standards such as Figure 3As shown: there are seven configuration types in the frame; each frame is 10ms long and consists of 10 consecutive 1ms subframes; there are three types in each subframe, including subframe U, subframe D and subframe S; subframe U represents UL service subframe, subframe D represents DL service subframe; however, subframe S represents the switching subframe from DL to UL, which includes three different types of time slots: downlink pilot time slot (DwPTS), protection period (GP) and uplink pilot time slot (UpPTS). According to the number of OFDM symbols allocated to DwPTS, GP and UpPTS, there are 9 different options for the configuration of subframe S, among which DwPTS allocates almost all OFDM symbols; for the convenience of calculation, it is stipulated that subframe S is taken as subframe D;

[0214] Establishing an end-to-end service quality model includes the following steps:

[0215] When the D-TDD scheme is used for each small base station to adapt to the asymmetric DL and UL traffic requirements, and a non-uniform transmission time allocation scheme is used to balance the RA traffic and BH traffic of each small base station, UE-UE CLI interference and SBS-SBS CLI interference are considered; wherein RA traffic is the wireless access traffic of the small base station, and BH traffic is the backhaul traffic of the small base station; UE-UE CLI interference is the interference between user equipments associated with small base stations with different frame structure configurations, and SBS-SBS CLI interference is the interference between small base stations with different frame structure configurations;

[0216] Assume that each subframe consists of Z time slots; for any small base station m at the tth frame m ∈M - , the normalized RA / BH transmission duration ratio during the τth subframe satisfies:

[0217]

[0218] In the formula is the small base station m in the tth frame m is the ratio of the radio access and backhaul transmission durations of the τth subframe; Ω is the ratio of the radio access and backhaul transmission durations;

[0219] set up is the RA / BH transmission duration ratio sequence during the τth subframe of the tth frame corresponding to the M small base stations; Ω t,τ Arrange the elements in ascending order, and we get set up Corresponding to the ascending sequence The index sequence of is the index of the Mth small base station; and and

[0220] In the resource allocation system that jointly considers the dynamic UL / DL traffic ratio and the non-uniform RA / BH transmission duration ratio, four interference sources are considered to calculate the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each link; these interference sources appear in the RA and BH transmission durations of each U subframe, and in the BH and RA transmission durations of each D subframe, respectively;

[0221] 1) For situation 1( Figure 2 Interference, SINR and throughput calculation of Case 1): Case 1 is a transmission scenario in which a user equipment is connected to a macro base station via a small base station, that is, a two-hop IAB network scenario;

[0222] For the user device To small base station m m ∈M - UL access link, in During the duration of t,τ Interference of the UL access link and DL access link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i And the index sequence L t,τ Interference between the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link of the small base station with index less than i Expressed as

[0223]

[0224] In the formula is the index sequence L t,τ A set of small base stations with an index less than i; is the index sequence L t,τ The index set of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i; U m' For small base station m m' The associated user device set; U m' \k is the small base station m m' A set of user devices except user device k in the associated user device set; D m' is an indicator variable, if the small base station m m' If U subframe is being processed, D m' =0, otherwise D m' =1;

[0225] From small base stations m ∈M - To user device The access link is During the duration of t,τ Interference of the UL access link and DL access link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i And the index sequence L t,τ Interference between the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link of the small base station with index less than i Expressed as

[0226]

[0227]

[0228] For small base stations m ∈M - The UL backhaul link to the macro base station m0 is During the duration of t,τ Interference of the UL access link and DL access link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i And the index sequence L t,τ The interference between the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link of all small base stations with index greater than i Expressed as

[0229]

[0230] In the formula is the index sequence L t,τ Among all small base stations with index less than i, except small base station m m A collection of small base stations outside;

[0231] From macro base station m0 to small base station m m ∈M - UL backhaul link, in During the duration of t,τ Interference of the UL access link and DL access link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i And the index sequence L t,τ The interference between the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link of all small base stations with index greater than i Expressed as

[0232]

[0233] exist During the duration of and small base stations m The SINR of the UL access link and the DL access link between them is expressed as

[0234]

[0235] In the formula For user equipment and small base stations m The signal-to-noise ratio of the UL access link between For user equipment and small base stations m The signal-to-noise ratio of the DL access link between them; N0 is the background noise power spectral density;

[0236] exist During the duration of m The SINR of the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link between

[0237]

[0238] In the formula is the macro base station m0 and the small base station m m The signal-to-noise ratio of the UL backhaul link between is the macro base station m0 and the small base station m m The signal-to-noise ratio of the DL backhaul link between

[0239] exist During the duration of and small base stations m The throughput of the UL access link and the DL access link between

[0240]

[0241] In the formula For user equipment and small base stations m The throughput of the UL access link between For user equipment and small base stations m The throughput of the DL access link between

[0242] exist During the duration of m The throughput of the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link between

[0243]

[0244] In the formula is the macro base station m0 and the small base station m m The throughput of the UL backhaul link between is the macro base station m0 and the small base station m m The throughput of the DL backhaul link between

[0245] 2) For situation 2 (corresponding to Figure 2Interference, SINR and throughput calculation of Case 2): Case 2 is a transmission scenario in which a user equipment is connected to a macro base station via two small base stations, that is, a three-hop IAB network scenario;

[0246] exist Figure 1 In case 2 of FIG, there are two serial backhaul links, where the relationship between the access link and the adjacent backhaul link is similar to that in case 1; therefore, the interference and throughput of case 2 can be estimated using the formula in case 1; however, the relay SBS must process the data transmission of its own associated UE within the backhaul transmission time so as not to affect the execution of the relay task; for the same reason, the backhaul link that is not adjacent to the access link must be activated during the access time for data transmission; the above time limit is based on the assumption that the same transmission path (composed of multiple links in series) reuses the same spectrum resource block; if the use of additional spectrum resource blocks is allowed, the use of any dedicated spectrum resource blocks is not subject to the above time limit, but there needs to be enough RF chains at both ends of the communication link to match the additional spectrum resource blocks;

[0247] In order to save spectrum resources and improve spectrum utilization, the extra spectrum resource blocks on the same transmission path will also be reused by other transmission paths. The use time of the extra spectrum resources needs to be reasonably divided to completely avoid interference. However, this will further complicate the problem modeling process and even make the problem unsolvable. Therefore, in order to simplify the problem and use the formula in Case 1 to estimate the interference and throughput achieved by the link using the extra spectrum resource blocks to transmit data, it is stipulated that each relay SBS must transmit data according to the access or backhaul transmission duration divided by the non-relay SBS on the same transmission path.

[0248] At this time, the interference, SINR and throughput calculations in case 2 are exactly the same as those in case 1;

[0249] 3) For situation 3 (corresponding to Figure 2 Interference, SINR and throughput calculation of Case 3): Case 3 is a transmission scenario in which a user equipment is connected to a macro base station via three small base stations, that is, a four-hop IAB network scenario;

[0250] Case 3 has one more relay SBS than Case 2, and each transmission path has one more backhaul link; based on the reasons explained above, the newly added relay SBS must process the data of its associated UE within the access time; in addition, as mentioned above, under a fixed scheduling period, the access time is usually less than the backhaul time, so the actual data transmission time of the UE associated with such a relay SBS is shorter than that of the UE associated with other relay SBSs; taking advantage of the high rate of the terahertz band, the loss of transmission time can be properly compensated; and case 3 should allow the relay SBS on other transmission paths to reuse the THz spectrum resource blocks, thereby improving the utilization of the THz spectrum resource blocks; the formula derived in case 1 can be used to estimate the interference and throughput of the millimeter wave spectrum resource blocks; therefore, only the interference and throughput estimation formulas of the THz link need to be given;

[0251] The interference, SINR, and throughput calculations for the mmWave spectrum resource blocks in case 3 are exactly the same as those in case 1.

[0252] exist During the duration of To small base station m m ∈M - The UL access terahertz link only receives the index sequence L t,τ The interference of the UL access terahertz link and DL access terahertz link of all relay small base stations except the small base station with index less than i is expressed as

[0253]

[0254] In the formula For user equipment To small base station m m ∈M - The interference received by the UL access terahertz link from the UL and DL access terahertz links; thz is the bandwidth of the terahertz spectrum resource block;

[0255] exist During the duration of the small base station m m ∈M - To user device The UL access terahertz link only receives the index sequence L t,τ The interference of the UL access terahertz link and DL access terahertz link of all relay small base stations except the small base station with index less than i is expressed as

[0256]

[0257] In the formula For small base station m m∈M - To user device The interference received by the DL access terahertz link from the UL and DL access terahertz links;

[0258] exist During the duration of and small base stations m ∈M - The SINR of the UL access terahertz link and the DL access terahertz link between is expressed as

[0259]

[0260] In the formula For user equipment and small base stations m ∈M - The signal-to-noise ratio of the UL access terahertz link between For user equipment and small base stations m ∈M - The signal-to-noise ratio of the DL access terahertz link between;

[0261] exist During the duration of and small base stations m ∈M - The throughput of the UL access terahertz link and the DL access terahertz link between

[0262]

[0263] In the formula For user equipment and small base stations m ∈M - The throughput of the UL access terahertz link between For user equipment and small base stations m ∈M - The throughput of the DL access terahertz link between

[0264] S4. According to the model established in step S3, a heterogeneous resource allocation model is constructed; specifically comprising the following steps:

[0265] First, the formal expressions of the total throughput and total power of the entire network are derived, and then the formal expression of the total spectrum energy efficiency is constructed. Finally, the formal expression of the network throughput optimization problem under the spectrum energy efficiency constraint of the wireless communication network is described.

[0266] The following formula is used as the objective function of the heterogeneous resource allocation model:

[0267]

[0268] Where PL 1 is the set of transmission paths in case 1, where the elements are represented as at the same time, It also indicates the only small base station on the transmission path; PL 2 is the set of transmission paths in case 2, where the elements are represented as Indicates the non-relay slave base station on the transmission path, Represents the relay slave base station on the transmission path; PL 3 is the set of transmission paths in case 3, where the elements are represented as is a non-relay slave base station on the transmission path, is a relay slave base station adjacent to the non-relay slave base station on the transmission path, is a relay slave base station adjacent to the macro base station m0; T q is the throughput of the system, and For the transmission path set PL in case 1 1 The total UL access throughput is For case 1, small base stations a collection of associated user devices; For the transmission path set PL in case 1 1 The total DL backhaul throughput is For the transmission path set PL in case 2 2 The total UL access throughput is For case 2, small and medium-sized base stations The associated user device collection, For case 2, small and medium-sized base stations a collection of associated user devices; For the transmission path set PL in case 2 2 The total UL backhaul throughput is For the transmission path set PL in case 3 3 The total UL access throughput is For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations The associated user device collection, For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations The associated user device collection, For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations a collection of associated user devices; For the transmission path set PL in case 3 3 The total DL backhaul throughput is

[0269] The following formula is used as the constraint condition:

[0270] Constraint 1: in, Using formula (22a), Calculated using formula (23a);

[0271] Constraint 2: P UE is the discretized user equipment power set, P bs is the discretized base station power set;

[0272] Constraint 3: and in, For case 2, small and medium-sized base stations and small base stations The throughput of the transmission path between them can be achieved by using several spectrum resource blocks at the same time. The calculation is expressed as is the spectrum resource block set used in case 2, ζ mm is the bandwidth of a millimeter wave spectrum resource block;

[0273] Calculated by formula (22a), Calculated by formula (23a), Calculated by formula (22a);

[0274] Constraint 4: and

[0275] Constraint 5: and in, For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations and small base stations The throughput of the transmission path between For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations and small base stations The throughput of the transmission path between them can be achieved by using several spectrum resource blocks at the same time. The calculation is expressed as Ability to use several spectrum resource blocks simultaneously to achieve The calculation is expressed as

[0276] in, Using formula (22a), and Using formula (23a), Using formula (22a), Calculated using formula (23a); Calculated using formula (27a);

[0277] Constraint 6: and

[0278] Constraint 7: in, Using formula (22b), Calculated using formula (23b);

[0279] Constraint 8: and

[0280] Constraint 9: and Ability to use several spectrum resource blocks simultaneously to achieve The calculation is expressed as

[0281] in, and Using formula (22b), and Calculated using formula (23b);

[0282] Constraint 10: and

[0283] Constraint 11: and Ability to use several spectrum resource blocks simultaneously to achieve The calculation is expressed as Ability to use several spectrum resource blocks simultaneously to achieve The calculation is expressed as

[0284] in, and Using formula (22b), and Using formula (23b), Using formula (27b),

[0285] Constraint 12: and

[0286] Constraint 13:

[0287] Constraint 14: is the minimum uplink throughput requirement that the user equipment should meet, The upper limit of the data rate that each small base station can provide;

[0288] Constraint 15: is the minimum downlink throughput requirement that the user equipment should meet;

[0289] Constraint 16: in, is the minimum spectrum energy efficiency that the network should meet; S EE is the average spectral energy efficiency of the system, and in is the total UL power consumption in case 1, and is the total UL power consumption in case 2, and is the total UL power consumption in case 3, and is the total DL power consumption in case 1, and is the total DL power consumption in case 2, and is the total DL power consumption in case 3, and

[0290] Among them, constraint 1, constraint 3, constraint 5, constraint 7, constraint 9 and constraint 11 represent the constraints that each communication link throughput needs to meet with each other; constraint 2, constraint 4, constraint 6, constraint 8, constraint 10 and constraint 12 represent the constraints that each base station and user power in the network needs to meet; constraint 13 represents the constraint on the network spectrum resource block; constraint 14 and constraint 15 represent the single communication link throughput constraints in uplink and downlink transmission respectively; constraint 16 represents the constraint on the network spectrum energy efficiency;

[0291] S5. Solve the heterogeneous resource allocation model constructed in step S4 to obtain the solution result, and complete the heterogeneous resource allocation in the dynamic TDD mode in the multi-hop IAB network;

[0292] In view of the solution process, the present invention proposes a resource allocation algorithm SL-HDF-RA, which is as follows:

[0293] The solution includes the following steps:

[0294] The macro base station is set as the leader to determine the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode and its own transmit power; the first follower is the terminal user, and each terminal user follows the non-cooperative game and determines its own transmit power; the second follower is the small base station, and each small base station follows the non-cooperative game to determine its own uplink transmit power, downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio;

[0295] The solution process is as follows:

[0296] A. The leader initializes the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode and the macro base station transmit power, and initializes the uplink transmit power, downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmit time ratio for each small base station;

[0297] B. The leader notifies the end-user game player of the results;

[0298] C. End users follow a non-cooperative game, each determining their own transmission power and reporting the results to the leader;

[0299] D. The leader determines whether to end the interaction process based on its own utility function: if not, the notification result of the terminal user game party, the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode and the macro base station transmission power are notified to the small base station game party; if it is ended, the solution process ends;

[0300] E. Based on the results notified, the small base stations follow a non-cooperative game, each determining its own uplink transmit power, downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmit time ratio, and reporting the results to the leader;

[0301] F. The leader decides whether to end the interaction process based on his own utility function: if not, the next iteration is performed in step B; if it is, the solution process ends;

[0302] Among them, as a follower, each terminal user is independent, and the goal is to obtain more benefits. The benefits refer to the uplink access link throughput and downlink access link throughput of the terminal user connecting to the base station, that is, the upload and download throughput. Each terminal user uses its transmission power as its action strategy variable to improve its personal benefits. For the u-th terminal user of the s-th base station, the throughput of its uplink access link and downlink access link depends not only on the power it selects from the power set, but also on the power selected by other terminal users. The main reason is that all terminal users reuse the same frequency band resources, so they will interfere with each other. The behavior of each terminal user pursuing the maximization of its own benefits alone constitutes a non-cooperative game process, which can be described by the potential game tool, where the set of game participants is U = {1,2,...,u}, and for an end-user player, the strategy set is P ue; The corresponding utility function is the first utility function

[0303]

[0304] The first term corresponds to the partial utility obtained by the sum of the upload and download throughput of the game participants themselves, and the second term represents the constraints on the throughput of all communication links; these constraints mean that if the game participants choose a strategy that violates the constraints, they will be punished. As followers of the Stackelberg game, the end user will follow the leader's action and iterate repeatedly to reach the Nash equilibrium;

[0305] Like the end user, it is also a follower in the Stackelberg game. Each small base station also makes its own decision to select its own uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and the transmission time ratio of the access link and the backhaul link. The goal of each small base station is to optimize the throughput of the network. The decision-making selection problem of small base stations can also be expressed by potential games, where the set of game participants is S = {1,2,...,s}; for a small base station player, the strategy set is P bs ×P bs ×Ω, Ω is the set of RA / BH transmission duration ratios; the corresponding utility function is the second utility function

[0306]

[0307] The first term in the formula corresponds to the utility obtained due to the system throughput, and the second term represents the utility determined by the satisfaction of the constraints of the throughput of all communication links; in addition, if the constraints are not satisfied, negative utility will be obtained; these constraints mean that if the small base station chooses a strategy that violates the constraints, it will be punished; as a follower of the Stackelberg game, the small base station will decide on the strategy variables after the action of the leader macro base station, and iterate repeatedly to finally reach the Nash equilibrium;

[0308] As the leader in the Stackelberg game, the macro base station selects its own transmission power and the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode of the network. For the macro base station, the strategy set is P bs ×F, where F is the set of uplink and downlink time frame configuration modes. Like small base stations, the macro base station player's goal is to optimize the throughput of the entire network, and the corresponding utility function is consistent with that of the small base station player.

[0309] When implemented specifically, the following steps are included:

[0310] (1) For macro base stations:

[0311] Input: None

[0312] Output: macro base station transmit power and network uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode, small base station uplink and downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio and end-user transmit power;

[0313] Step 1: The macro base station initializes its transmission power to each small base station as power set P bs The minimum value in Initialize the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode for each small base station to mode F0 in the frame mode set, and the corresponding frame mode is: the first subframe is a D frame, the second subframe is an S frame, the third subframe is a U frame, the fourth subframe is a U frame, the fifth subframe is a U frame, the sixth subframe is a D frame, the seventh subframe is an S frame, the eighth subframe is a U frame, the ninth subframe is a U frame, and the tenth subframe is a U frame; and initialize the uplink and downlink transmission power of each small base station to the power set P bs The maximum value in The access and backhaul transmission time ratio of each subframe in the time frame is initialized to a set value;

[0314] Step 2: The macro base station sends the initialized transmission power of itself to each small base station, the uplink and downlink frame configuration mode initialized for each small base station, the uplink and downlink transmission power of each small base station, and the access and backhaul transmission time ratio to each terminal user;

[0315] Step 3: Initialize end-user power variables All are set values, terminal user game equilibrium judgment variables All are set values;

[0316] Step 4: Wait for the transmission power sent by the end user;

[0317] Step 5: After receiving the transmission power from the terminal user u to the small base station s, assign it to the variable P and compare P with Are they equal: If they are equal, Set to 1; otherwise, assign P to

[0318] Step 6: Determine the variables Are all 1: If not, then Send to each end user and return to step 4, otherwise proceed to the next step;

[0319] Step 7: In the policy set P bs ×F to search for the second utility function μ s The maximum macro base station power and uplink and downlink frame configuration mode are assigned to variables With {F s |s∈S}, and assign the value of the second utility function to the first intermediate variable

[0320] The second utility function μ s Expressed as

[0321]

[0322] Where e S is a non-negative penalty scalar; S is a set of game participants and S = {1, 2, ..., s}; φ(x) is a penalty function, if x does not satisfy the communication link throughput constraint, then φ(x) = -1, if x satisfies the communication link throughput constraint, then φ(x) = 0; the communication link throughput constraint includes constraint 1, constraint 3, constraint 5, constraint 7, constraint 9, constraint 11, constraint 14 and constraint 15;

[0323] Step 8: Add end-user policies Macro base station strategy and {F s |s∈S}, small base station strategy and Sent to each small base station;

[0324] Step 9: Initialize the small base station uplink transmit power variable Downlink transmit power variable and access to backhaul transmission time ratio variable All are set values, small base station game equilibrium judgment variables All are set values;

[0325] Step 10: Wait for the uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio sent by the small base station;

[0326] Step 11: After receiving the strategy of small base station s, assign it to variable P up , {Ω τ |τ∈{0,1,...,9}}, and respectively Compare: If they are equal, Set to 1, otherwise P up , {Ω τ |τ∈{0,1,...,9}} are assigned to

[0327] Step 12: Determine the variables Are all 1: If not, the small base station strategy Send to each small base station and return to step 10, otherwise go to the next step;

[0328] Step 13: In the policy set Pbs ×F, search for the macro base station power and uplink and downlink frame configuration mode that maximizes the second utility function, and assign it to the variable With {F s |s∈S}, and assign the value of the second utility function to the second intermediate variable

[0329] Step 14: If Then Assign to and proceed to the next step, otherwise an end notification is sent to the small base station and the end user, and the algorithm ends;

[0330] Step 15: Small cell strategy and Macro base station strategy and {F s |s∈S}, end-user policy Sent to each end user;

[0331] Step 16: Set the terminal user game equilibrium judgment variable Set all to 0;

[0332] Step 17: Wait for the transmission power sent by the end user;

[0333] Step 18: After receiving the transmission power of the terminal user u to the small base station s, assign it to the third intermediate variable P and compare P with Are they equal? ​​If they are equal, Set to 1, otherwise assign P to

[0334] Step 19: Determine the variables Are all 1: If not, then Send to each end user and return to step 17, otherwise proceed to the next step;

[0335] Step 20: In the policy set P bs ×F, search for the macro base station power and uplink and downlink frame configuration mode that maximizes the second utility function, and assign it to the variable and {F s |s∈S} and assign the value of the utility function to the variable

[0336] Step 21: If Then Assign to And return to step 8, otherwise go to the next step;

[0337] Step 22: Send the end notification to the small base station and the terminal user, and the algorithm ends;

[0338] (2) For end user u, u∈U

[0339] Input: macro base station transmit power, network uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode, small base station uplink and downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio, and other end users’ transmit power;

[0340] Output: The end user's own transmission power;

[0341] Step 1: If you receive {F s |s∈S}, Then the transmission power of the initialization itself to the associated small base station is the strategy set P ue The minimum value among , and send it to the macro base station;

[0342] Step 2: If you receive Then traverse the strategy set P ue Searching for a transmission power that maximizes the first utility function, and sending the power to the macro base station;

[0343] The first utility function μ u Expressed as

[0344]

[0345] Where e t is a non-negative penalty variable;

[0346] Step 3: If you receive {F s |s∈S}, Then traverse the strategy set P ue Searching for a transmission power that maximizes the first utility function, and sending the power to the macro base station;

[0347] Step 4: If the end notification sent by the macro base station is received, the terminal user game process ends;

[0348] (3) For small base station s, s∈S

[0349] Input: macro base station transmit power, network uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode, end-user transmit power, other small base stations’ uplink transmit power, downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio;

[0350] Output: uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio of the small base station itself;

[0351] Step 1: If you receive {F s |s∈S}, Then traverse the strategy set P bs ×P bs ×Ω searches for the uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio that maximize the second utility function, and sends them to the macro base station;

[0352] Step 2: If you receive Then traverse the strategy set P bs ×P bs ×Ω searches for the uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio that maximize the second utility function, and sends them to the macro base station;

[0353] Step 3: If the end notification sent by the macro base station is received, the small base station game process ends.

[0354] The present invention constructs a joint optimization problem of power control, uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode and non-uniform access and backhaul transmission time ratio in D-TDD mode in a multi-hop IAB network, with the purpose of improving network throughput under the constraints of communication link throughput and spectrum energy efficiency. Different from the existing work, the present invention considers all possible link interference sources in the multi-hop IAB network scenario, and comprehensively considers the transmission power adjustment of macro base stations, small base stations and end users.

[0355] In order to reduce the time complexity of searching for suboptimal solutions in the maximum solution space, the present invention expands the basic Stackelberg game architecture, constructs an alternating game architecture including a leader and two groups of heterogeneous followers, and proposes a resource allocation algorithm SL-HDF-RA based on the architecture. The algorithm regards small base stations and terminal users as two groups of followers in the Stackelberg game, and regards macro base stations as leaders in the Stackelberg game. The two groups of followers each report to the leader after achieving game equilibrium through intra-group potential games. The leader controls the start and end of the Stackelberg game process, and coordinates the two groups of followers to alternately execute intra-group games during the game process and provide game information collection and publishing services.

[0356] In addition, the present invention also has better iteration times and greater network throughput, and the overall efficiency of the method is higher.

[0357] The method of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with an embodiment:

[0358] In this embodiment, time is divided according to the scheduling cycle. The system first allocates resources in each scheduling cycle, and then transmits data according to the allocated resources. In each cycle, the macro base station, the small base station and the end user collaborate to run the SL-HDF-RA algorithm to determine the network resource parameters. By running the algorithm, the macro base station will eventually determine its own transmission power and the network uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode, the small base station will eventually determine its own uplink and downlink transmission power and the access and return transmission time ratio, and the end user will eventually determine its own transmission power.

[0359] The simulation parameters are shown in Table 1:

[0360] Table 1 Simulation parameter diagram

[0361]

[0362] The present invention uses Python tools to implement the above scheme and obtains Figures 4 to 6 Results shown.

[0363] Figure 4 The convergence behavior of the two algorithms, SL-HDF-RA (the method of the present invention) and BCDRA (Block Coodinate Descent Resource Allocation, a classic resource allocation algorithm based on block coordinate descent), is demonstrated. Figure 4 It can be seen that under both SL-HDF-RA and BCDRA algorithms, the total network throughput will increase in iterations and eventually stabilize. SL-HDF-RA converges faster than BCDRA, and its final throughput will also be greater than BCDRA. SL-HDF-RA has fewer iterations, which is related to the adopted iteration definition. In the SL-HDF-RA algorithm, a participant's selection of a strategy is regarded as an iteration, while in the BCDRA algorithm, the calculation of the value of a subproblem is regarded as an iteration, and solving a subproblem requires multiple iterations. The SL-HDF-RA algorithm can obtain a higher network throughput. This is because although each participant in the SL-HDF-RA algorithm makes decisions for himself in the game, it must be based on the current observation of the effects of the strategies adopted by other participants, so a Nash equilibrium solution will eventually be obtained. The BCDRA algorithm alternately searches for suboptimal solutions for each subproblem, and is more likely to fall into a local optimization state than the SL-HDF-RA algorithm.

[0364] Figure 5 The network throughput of the two algorithms is shown under different numbers of small base stations in the network. Figure 5It can be seen that the network throughput increases with the increase in the number of small base stations in the network, and the throughput of the SL-HDF-RA algorithm is always greater than the throughput of the BCDRA algorithm. The increase in network throughput is because the corresponding communication links increase as the number of small base stations increases. The SL-HDF-RA algorithm can achieve a higher network throughput for the same reason. Figure 4 The explanation in is similar.

[0365] Figure 6 The network throughput of the two algorithms under different SBS and UE beam widths is shown, and the present invention assumes that all small base stations and end users have the same beam width. Figure 6 It can be seen that no matter how much the beam width of the small base station and the terminal user is given, the throughput of the SL-HDF-RA algorithm is always greater than the BCDRA network throughput. The network throughput decreases. This is because when using the sector antenna model (1), the increase in beam width causes the receiving gain and transmitting gain of some small base stations and terminal users to change from a sidelobe gain with a smaller constant value to a larger mainlobe gain, which causes some small base stations and terminal users as receivers to be subject to greater cross-link interference, a decrease in SINR, and a decrease in the throughput of the corresponding link. The SL-HDF-RA algorithm can achieve a higher network throughput for the same reason as Figure 4 The explanation in is consistent.

Claims

1. A method for allocating heterogeneous resources in a dynamic TDD mode in a multi-hop IAB network, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain data information of the target multi-hop IAB network; S2. According to the data information obtained in step S1, a network architecture of a target multi-hop IAB network is established; specifically comprising the following steps: The network architecture of the target multi-hop IAB network to be established includes a macro base station MBS, several small base stations SBS and several user equipments UE; Each base station is equipped with 3K RF chains, capable of establishing up to K concurrent connections in sub-6GHz, mmWave and THz bands respectively; For each type of radio interface, each user equipment UE has only one RF chain; Within the network coverage, all user equipment UE can directly communicate with all base stations through the sub-6GHz frequency band; all small base stations SBS can directly communicate with the macro base station MBS through the sub-6GHz frequency band; in the millimeter wave and terahertz frequency bands, not all small base stations SBS and user equipment UE can directly communicate with each other, and some small base stations SBS and user equipment UE must be connected through several relay nodes in the millimeter wave and terahertz frequency bands; Each small base station SBS assumes the relay obligation to maintain the IAB network performance; if a small base station SBS does not play the role of relay, it is called a non-relay small base station, and it is prohibited to use the terahertz frequency band; the small base station that plays the role of relay is called a relay small base station, which can use the terahertz frequency band and ensure the transmission performance of its own user equipment on the premise of completing the relay task; S3. Establish a wireless signal propagation model, a power discretization model, a frame structure model, and an end-to-end service quality model based on the data information obtained in step S1 and the network architecture obtained in step S2; S4. Construct a heterogeneous resource allocation model based on the model established in step S3; S5. Solve the heterogeneous resource allocation model constructed in step S4 to obtain the solution result, and complete the heterogeneous resource allocation in the dynamic TDD mode in the multi-hop IAB network; in, The solution process includes the following steps: The macro base station is set as a leader to determine the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode and its own transmit power; the first follower is a terminal user, each terminal user follows a non-cooperative game and determines its own transmit power; the second follower is a small base station, each small base station follows a non-cooperative game and determines its own uplink transmit power, downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio; the terminal user is the user equipment UE; The solution process is as follows: A. The leader initializes the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode and the macro base station transmit power, and initializes the uplink transmit power, downlink transmit power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio for each small base station; the macro base station takes the initialized transmit power of itself to each small base station, the initialized uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode for each small base station, the uplink and downlink transmit power of each small base station, and the access and backhaul transmission time ratio as the initialization result; B. The leader notifies the end-user game player of the results; C. End users follow a non-cooperative game, each determining their own transmission power and reporting the results to the leader; D. The leader determines whether to end the interaction process based on its own utility function. If not, the leader notifies the small base station player of the notification result of the terminal user player, the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode, and the macro base station transmission power. If it ends, the solution process ends; E. Based on the notified results, the small base stations follow a non-cooperative game, each determining its own uplink transmit power, downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio, and reporting the results to the leader; F. The leader decides whether to end the interaction process based on his own utility function: if not, the next iteration will be carried out in step B; if it is, the solution process ends.

2. The method for allocating heterogeneous resources in a dynamic TDD mode in a multi-hop IAB network according to claim 1, characterized in that The wireless signal propagation model described in step S3 specifically includes the following steps: The access link, backhaul link, and relay link in the network share all the millimeter wave and terahertz bandwidth; time division multiplexing is used between the access and backhaul links; The following formula is used as the sector antenna model to represent the actual antenna direction: In the formula is the antenna directional gain; is the main lobe beam width; ε is the side lobe gain; is the offset angle of the beam from the main lobe; In the case of beam alignment, the directional transmission gain from node i to node j is and directional receiving gain It is expressed as: In the formula is the transmit beam width; is the receiving beam width; The received power spectral density of a millimeter wave or terahertz link is calculated using the following formula: In the formula is the received power spectral density; is the transmit power spectrum density; L a (f,d i,j ) is the absorption loss, and K(f) is the total absorption coefficient of the medium, f is the operating frequency; L p (f,d i,j ) is the propagation loss, and c is the speed of light; The interference power spectrum density and power perceived at node j are calculated using the following formula: In the formula is the directional transmission gain of link i'→j; is the directional receiving gain of link i'→j; is the received power spectrum density of link i'→j; is the transmission power spectrum density of link i'→j; ζ is the power spectrum density coefficient; is the power sensed at node j; is the offset angle between the receive beam direction of node j and the link from node i' to node j, is the offset angle between the transmission beam direction of node j and the link from node i' to node j; if Assuming that the beam of the interfering node i' is aligned with the beam of the interfered node j, the directional transmission and reception gain of the interfering path is expressed as: Where j' represents the interfering node j'.

3. The method for allocating heterogeneous resources in a dynamic TDD mode in a multi-hop IAB network according to claim 2, characterized in that The power discretization model described in step S3 specifically includes the following steps: Performing discrete power control on all base stations and user equipment; the base stations include macro base stations and small base stations; set up is the maximum transmit power of each base station, is the maximum transmit power of each user equipment; The discretized base station power is expressed as Where L bs is the power level of the base station; The discretized user equipment power is expressed as Where L ue is the power level of the user equipment; The maximum number of user devices associated with each small base station is K, which can be expressed as in, For small base stations m m The Kth user device associated, m m is the mth small base station, M - A collection of small base stations.

4. The method for allocating heterogeneous resources in a dynamic TDD mode in a multi-hop IAB network according to claim 3, characterized in that The frame structure model described in step S3 specifically includes the following steps: The frame structure used is a special TDD radio frame structure specified by time division long term evolution; By configuring the ratio of uplink subframes to downlink subframes, it can dynamically adapt to the instantaneous uplink and downlink traffic changes; There are seven configuration types in the frame; each frame is 10ms long and consists of 10 consecutive 1ms subframes; each subframe has three types, including subframe U, subframe D and subframe S; subframe U represents UL service subframe, subframe D represents DL service subframe; at the same time, it is stipulated that subframe S is used as subframe D.

5. The method for allocating heterogeneous resources in a dynamic TDD mode in a multi-hop IAB network according to claim 4, characterized in that The end-to-end service quality model described in step S3 specifically includes the following steps: When the D-TDD scheme is adopted for each small base station to adapt to the asymmetric DL and UL traffic requirements, and a non-uniform transmission time allocation scheme is adopted to balance the RA traffic and BH traffic of each small base station, UE-UE CLI interference and SBS-SBS CLI interference are considered; wherein RA traffic is the wireless access traffic of the small base station, and BH traffic is the backhaul traffic of the small base station; UE-UE CLI interference is the interference between user equipments associated with small base stations with different frame structure configurations, and SBS-SBS CLI interference is the interference between small base stations with different frame structure configurations; Assume that each subframe consists of Z time slots; for any small base station m at the tth frame m ∈M - , the normalized RA / BH transmission duration ratio during the τth subframe satisfies: In the formula is the small base station m in the tth frame m is the ratio of the radio access and backhaul transmission durations of the τth subframe; Ω is the ratio of the radio access and backhaul transmission durations; set up is the RA / BH transmission duration ratio sequence during the τth subframe of the tth frame corresponding to the M small base stations; Ω t,τ Arrange the elements in ascending order, and we get set up Corresponding to the ascending sequence The index sequence of is the index of the Mth small base station; and and In the resource allocation system that jointly considers the dynamic UL / DL traffic ratio and the non-uniform RA / BH transmission duration ratio, four interference sources are considered to calculate the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each link; these interference sources appear in the RA and BH transmission durations of each U subframe, and in the BH and RA transmission durations of each D subframe, respectively; 1) Interference, SINR and throughput calculation for Case 1: Case 1 is a transmission scenario in which a user equipment is connected to a macro base station via a small base station, corresponding to a two-hop IAB network scenario; For the user device To small base station m m ∈M - UL access link, in During the duration of t,τ Interference of the UL access link and DL access link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i And the index sequence L t,τ Interference of the UL backhaul link and DL backhaul link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i Expressed as Where M i - is the index sequence L t,τ A set of small base stations with an index less than i; is the index sequence L t,τ The index set of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i; U m' For small base station m m' The associated user device set; U m '\k is a small base station m m' A set of user devices except user device k in the associated user device set; D m' is an indicator variable, if the small base station m m' If U subframe is being processed, D m' =0, otherwise D m' =1; From small base stations m ∈M - To user device The access link is During the duration of t,τ Interference of the UL access link and DL access link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i And the index sequence L t,τ Interference between the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link of the small base station with index less than i Expressed as For small base stations m ∈M - The UL backhaul link to the macro base station m0 is During the duration of t,τ Interference of the UL access link and DL access link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i And the index sequence L t,τ The interference between the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link of all small base stations with an index greater than i Expressed as In the formula is the index sequence L t,τ The index set of all small base stations with an index greater than i; From macro base station m0 to small base station m m ∈M - UL backhaul link, in During the duration of t,τ Interference of the UL access link and DL access link of the remaining small base stations except the small base stations with index less than i And the index sequence L t,τ The interference between the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link of all small base stations with an index greater than i Expressed as exist During the duration of and small base stations m The SINR of the UL access link and the DL access link between them is expressed as In the formula For user equipment and small base stations m The signal-to-noise ratio of the UL access link between For user equipment and small base stations m The signal-to-noise ratio of the DL access link between them; N0 is the background noise power spectral density; exist During the duration of m The SINR of the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link between In the formula is the macro base station m0 and the small base station m m The signal-to-noise ratio of the UL backhaul link between is the macro base station m0 and the small base station m m The signal-to-noise ratio of the DL backhaul link between exist During the duration of and small base stations m The throughput of the UL access link and the DL access link between In the formula For user equipment and small base stations m The throughput of the UL access link between For user equipment and small base stations m The throughput of the DL access link between exist During the duration of m The throughput of the UL backhaul link and the DL backhaul link between In the formula is the macro base station m0 and the small base station m m The throughput of the UL backhaul link between is the macro base station m0 and the small base station m m The throughput of the DL backhaul link between 2) Interference, SINR and throughput calculation for Case 2: Case 2 is a transmission scenario in which a user equipment is connected to a macro base station via two small base stations, corresponding to a three-hop IAB network scenario; It is stipulated that each relay SBS must transmit data according to the access or backhaul transmission duration divided by the non-relay SBS on the same transmission path; At this time, the interference, SINR and throughput calculations in case 2 are exactly the same as those in case 1; 3) Interference, SINR and throughput calculation for Case 3: Case 3 is a transmission scenario in which a user equipment is connected to a macro base station via three small base stations, corresponding to a four-hop IAB network scenario; The interference, SINR, and throughput calculations for the mmWave spectrum resource blocks in case 3 are exactly the same as those in case 1. exist During the duration of To small base station m m ∈M - The UL access terahertz link only receives the index sequence L t,τ The interference of the UL access terahertz link and DL access terahertz link of all relay small base stations except the small base station with index less than i is expressed as In the formula For user equipment To small base station m m ∈M - The interference received by the UL access terahertz link from the UL and DL access terahertz links; thz is the bandwidth of the terahertz spectrum resource block; exist During the duration of the small base station m m ∈M - To user device The UL access terahertz link only receives the index sequence L t,τ The interference of the UL access terahertz link and DL access terahertz link of all relay small base stations except the small base station with index less than i is expressed as In the formula For small base station m m ∈M - To user device The interference received by the DL access terahertz link from the UL and DL access terahertz links; exist During the duration of and small base stations m ∈M - The SINR of the UL access terahertz link and the DL access terahertz link between is expressed as In the formula For user equipment and small base stations m ∈M - The signal-to-noise ratio of the UL access terahertz link between For user equipment and small base stations m ∈M - The signal-to-noise ratio of the DL access terahertz link between; exist During the duration of and small base stations m ∈M - The throughput of the UL access terahertz link and the DL access terahertz link between In the formula For user equipment and small base stations m ∈M - The throughput of the UL access terahertz link between For user equipment and small base stations m ∈M - The throughput of the DL access terahertz link between .

6. The method for allocating heterogeneous resources in a dynamic TDD mode in a multi-hop IAB network according to claim 5, characterized in that Step S4, according to the model established in step S3, constructs a heterogeneous resource allocation model, which specifically includes the following steps: The following formula is used as the objective function of the heterogeneous resource allocation model: Where PL 1 is the set of transmission paths in case 1, where the elements are represented as at the same time, It also indicates the only small base station on the transmission path; PL 2 is the set of transmission paths in case 2, where the elements are represented as Indicates the non-relay slave base station on the transmission path, Represents the relay slave base station on the transmission path; PL 3 is the set of transmission paths in case 3, where the elements are represented as is a non-relay slave base station on the transmission path, is a relay slave base station adjacent to the non-relay slave base station on the transmission path, is a relay slave base station adjacent to the macro base station m0; T q is the throughput of the system, and For the transmission path set PL in case 1 1 The total UL access throughput is For case 1, small base stations a collection of associated user devices; For the transmission path set PL in case 1 1 The total DL backhaul throughput is For the transmission path set PL in case 2 2 The total UL access throughput is For case 2, small and medium-sized base stations The associated user device collection, For case 2, small and medium-sized base stations a collection of associated user devices; For the transmission path set PL in case 2 2 The total UL backhaul throughput is For the transmission path set PL in case 3 3 The total UL access throughput is For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations The associated user device collection, For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations The associated user device collection, For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations a collection of associated user devices; For the transmission path set PL in case 3 3 The total DL backhaul throughput is The following formula is used as the constraint condition: Constraint 1: Constraint 2: P UE is the discretized user equipment power set, P bs is the discretized base station power set; Constraint 3: and in, For case 2, small and medium-sized base stations and small base stations The throughput of the transmission path between them can be achieved by using several spectrum resource blocks at the same time. The calculation is expressed as is the spectrum resource block set used in case 2, ζ mm is the bandwidth of a millimeter wave spectrum resource block; Constraint 4: and Constraint 5: and in, For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations and small base stations The throughput of the transmission path between For case 3, small and medium-sized base stations and small base stations The throughput of the transmission path between them can be achieved by using several spectrum resource blocks at the same time. The calculation is expressed as Ability to use several spectrum resource blocks simultaneously to achieve The calculation is expressed as Constraint 6: Constraint 7: Constraint 8: Constraint 9: and Ability to use several spectrum resource blocks simultaneously to achieve The calculation is expressed as Constraint 10: and Constraint 11: and Ability to use several spectrum resource blocks simultaneously to achieve The calculation is expressed as Ability to use several spectrum resource blocks simultaneously to achieve The calculation is expressed as Constraint 12: and Constraint 13: Constraint 14: is the minimum uplink throughput requirement that the user equipment should meet, The upper limit of the data rate that each small base station can provide; Constraint 15: is the minimum downlink throughput requirement that the user equipment should meet; Constraint 16: in, is the minimum spectrum energy efficiency that the network should meet; S EE is the average spectral energy efficiency of the system, and in is the total UL power consumption in case 1, and is the total UL power consumption in case 2, and is the total UL power consumption in case 3, and is the total DL power consumption in case 1, and is the total DL power consumption in case 2, and is the total DL power consumption in case 3, and 7. The method for allocating heterogeneous resources in a dynamic TDD mode in a multi-hop IAB network according to claim 6, characterized in that The solution described in step S5 specifically includes the following steps: (1) For macro base stations: Input: None Output: macro base station transmit power and network uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode, small base station uplink and downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio and end-user transmit power; Step 1: The macro base station initializes its transmission power to each small base station as power set P bs The minimum value in Initialize the uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode for each small base station to mode F0 in the frame mode set, and the corresponding frame mode is: the first subframe is a D frame, the second subframe is an S frame, the third subframe is a U frame, the fourth subframe is a U frame, the fifth subframe is a U frame, the sixth subframe is a D frame, the seventh subframe is an S frame, the eighth subframe is a U frame, the ninth subframe is a U frame, and the tenth subframe is a U frame; and initialize the uplink and downlink transmission power of each small base station to the power set P bs The maximum value in The access and backhaul transmission time ratio of each subframe in the time frame is initialized to a set value; Step 2: The macro base station sends the initialized transmit power of itself to each small base station, the initialized uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode for each small base station, the uplink and downlink transmit power of each small base station, and the access and backhaul transmission time ratio to each terminal user; Step 3: Initialize end-user power variables All are set values, terminal user game equilibrium judgment variables All are set values; Step 4: Wait for the transmission power sent by the end user; Step 5: After receiving the transmission power from the terminal user u to the small base station s, assign it to the variable P and compare P with Are they equal? ​​If they are equal, Set to 1; otherwise, assign P to Step 6: Determine the variables Are all 1: If not, then Send to each end user and return to step 4, otherwise proceed to the next step; Step 7: In the policy set P bs ×F to search for the second utility function μ s The maximum macro base station power and uplink and downlink frame configuration mode are assigned to the variable {P s mbs |s∈S} and {F s |s∈S}, and assign the value of the second utility function to the first intermediate variable The second utility function μ s Expressed as Where e S is a non-negative penalty scalar; φ(x) is a penalty function, if x does not satisfy the communication link throughput constraint, φ(x)=-1, if x satisfies the communication link throughput constraint, φ(x)=0; the communication link throughput constraint includes constraint 1, constraint 3, constraint 5, constraint 7, constraint 9, constraint 11, constraint 14 and constraint 15; Step 8: Add end-user policies Macro base station strategy {P s mbs |s∈S} and {F s |s∈S}, small base station strategy and Sent to each small base station; Step 9: Initialize the small base station uplink transmit power variable Downlink transmit power variable and access to backhaul transmission time ratio variable All are set values, small base station game equilibrium judgment variables All are set values; Step 10: Wait for the uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio sent by the small base station; Step 11: After receiving the strategy of small base station s, assign it to variable P up , {Ω τ |τ∈{0,1,...,9}}, and respectively Compare: If they are equal, Set to 1, otherwise P up , {Ω τ |τ∈{0,1,...,9}} are assigned to Step 12: Determine the variables Are all 1: If not, the small base station strategy Send to each small base station and return to step 10, otherwise go to the next step; Step 13: In the policy set P bs ×F, search for the macro base station power and uplink and downlink frame configuration mode that maximizes the second utility function, and assign it to the variable With {F s |s∈S}, and assign the value of the second utility function to the second intermediate variable Step 14: If Then Assign to and proceed to the next step, otherwise an end notification is sent to the small base station and the end user, and the algorithm ends; Step 15: Small cell strategy and The strategy of the macro base station itself s mbs |s∈S} and {F s |s∈S}, end-user policy Sent to each end user; Step 16: Set the terminal user game equilibrium judgment variable Set all to 0; Step 17: Wait for the transmission power sent by the terminal user; Step 18: After receiving the transmission power of the terminal user u to the small base station s, assign it to the third intermediate variable P and compare P with Are they equal? ​​If they are equal, Set to 1, otherwise assign P to Step 19: Determine the variables Are all 1: If not, then Send to each end user and return to step 17, otherwise proceed to the next step; Step 20: In the policy set P bs ×F, search for the macro base station power and uplink and downlink frame configuration mode that maximizes the second utility function, and assign it to the variable {P s mbs |s∈S} and {F s |s∈S} and assign the value of the utility function to the variable Step 21: If Then Assign to And return to step 8, otherwise go to the next step; Step 22: Send the end notification to the small base station and the terminal user, and the algorithm ends; (2) For end user u, u∈U Input: macro base station transmit power, network uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode, small base station uplink and downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio, and other end users’ transmit power; Output: The end user's own transmission power; Step 1: If you receive {P s mbs |s∈S}, {F s |s∈S}, Then the transmission power of the initialization itself to the associated small base station is the strategy set P ue The minimum value among , and send it to the macro base station; Step 2: If you receive Then traverse the strategy set P ue Searching for a transmission power that maximizes the first utility function, and sending the power to the macro base station; The first utility function μ u Expressed as Where e t is a non-negative penalty variable; Step 3: If you receive {P s mbs |s∈S}, {F s |s∈S}, Then traverse the strategy set P ue Searching for a transmission power that maximizes the first utility function, and sending the power to the macro base station; Step 4: If the end notification sent by the macro base station is received, the terminal user game process ends; (3) For small base station s, s∈S Input: macro base station transmit power, network uplink and downlink time frame configuration mode, end-user transmit power, other small base stations’ uplink transmit power, downlink transmit power, access and backhaul transmission time ratio; Output: uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio of the small base station itself; Step 1: If you receive {P s mbs |s∈S}, {F s |s∈S}, Then traverse the strategy set P bs ×P bs ×Ω searches for the uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio that maximize the second utility function, and sends them to the macro base station; Step 2: If you receive Then traverse the strategy set P bs ×P bs ×Ω searches for the uplink transmission power, downlink transmission power, and access and backhaul transmission time ratio that maximize the second utility function, and sends them to the macro base station; Step 3: If the end notification sent by the macro base station is received, the small base station game process ends.

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