A visual percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system, which belongs to the technical field of tracheostomy and solves the problem of inaccurate positioning during tracheotomy and tracheostomy surgery. The visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system of the present invention comprises a tracheal fiberscope and a puncture device; the tracheal fiberscope is provided with a channel, a lighting device and a camera; the puncture device comprises: a puncture needle, a puncture needle positioning structure and a guide wire; the puncture needle is arranged at one end of the guide wire, and is locked and unlocked with the guide wire through the puncture needle positioning structure; the puncture needle positioning structure comprises: a claw assembly and a pull ring assembly; the claw assembly is used to lock the puncture needle so that the puncture needle and the guide wire are fixed as one; the pull ring assembly is sleeved on the outside of the guide wire, and when the pull ring assembly is displaced, it can pull the pull rod and the positioning clamp to rotate, thereby realizing the locking or unlocking of the puncture needle by the claw assembly. The present invention realizes puncture inside the trachea, and separation of the puncture needle and the guide wire after puncture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tracheostomy, and in particular to a visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system. Background Art

[0002] Mechanical ventilation technology is a commonly used rescue technology for critically ill patients. Mechanical ventilation technology generally requires an artificial airway to assist mechanical ventilation. The commonly used artificial airway is endotracheal intubation. As the mechanical ventilation time increases, endotracheal intubation has more clinical complications and patient discomfort.

[0003] Clinically, in order to meet the ventilation needs of critically ill patients who require long-term mechanical ventilation, a tracheostomy is needed to provide ventilation for the patient. The basic steps of tracheostomy technology are to cut the skin and muscle layer under the patient's Adam's apple, make an incision on the tracheal surface, and separate the trachea at the incision to create a hole. After the hole is created, a tracheal cannula is inserted for mechanical ventilation.

[0004] The existing tracheotomy operation technology often causes the problem of puncture position deviation and inaccurate positioning when positioning the tracheal tube.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a puncture device that can achieve accurate positioning of the tracheal tube hole position and internal visualization operation. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system to solve the problem that the existing tracheostomy can only be performed by external surgical incision, resulting in inaccurate tracheostomy hole position.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system comprises: a tracheofibroscopy and a puncture device;

[0009] The catheter of the tracheal fiberscope is provided with a channel inside which the puncture device can be inserted and moved; the end of the tracheal fiberscope is provided with a lighting device and a camera for collecting environmental information inside the trachea;

[0010] The puncture device comprises: a puncture needle, a puncture needle positioning structure and a guide wire;

[0011] The puncture needle is arranged at one end of the guide wire, and is locked and unlocked by the puncture needle positioning structure and the guide wire;

[0012] The puncture needle positioning structure includes: a claw assembly and a pull ring assembly; the claw assembly includes: a positioning claw and a pull rod; the middle part of the positioning claw is hingedly installed on the end of the guide wire; one end of the positioning claw is used to clamp the puncture needle, and the other end is hingedly connected to the pull rod; the pull rod is hingedly connected to the pull ring assembly; the pull ring assembly is sleeved on the outside of the guide wire, and when the pull ring assembly is displaced, it can pull the pull rod and the positioning claw to rotate, thereby realizing the locking or unlocking of the puncture needle by the claw assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper end of the puncture needle is a sharp portion, and the lower end is provided with a protruding limiting boss.

[0014] Furthermore, a limiting hole is provided at the end of the guide wire; and the limiting boss is installed in the limiting hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning clamp comprises: a clamping portion, a rotating portion and a second clamping portion.

[0016] Furthermore, the second engaging portion is arranged on a side of the clamping portion facing the puncture needle, and is engaged with the first engaging portion on the surface of the puncture needle.

[0017] Further, the first engaging portion is an annular engaging groove; the second engaging portion is an arcuate convex ridge; the arcuate convex ridge can be inserted into the annular engaging groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the rotating portion and the clamping portion are connected as one body, and a first hinge hole is provided at the connection between the two.

[0019] Furthermore, the guide wire is provided with a hinge axis perpendicular to its own axis.

[0020] Furthermore, a first hinge hole is provided at the connection between the clamping portion and the rotating portion; the hinge shaft and the first hinge hole are clearance-matched, so that the positioning clamping claw is rotatably mounted on the hinge shaft.

[0021] Furthermore, a second hinge hole is provided at the end of the positioning clamping jaw, and the positioning clamping jaw is hinged to the pull rod through the second hinge hole.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention can achieve at least one of the following effects:

[0023] 1. The visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system of the present invention can observe the internal environment of the trachea through the lens of the tracheofibronoscope. At the same time, the end of the tracheofibronoscope is bent at an angle of nearly 90° with itself, so that the puncture needle can penetrate the trachea from the inside to the outside through the guide wire to achieve internal hole creation. During the hole creation process, the puncture position and puncture angle of the puncture needle can be adjusted in real time to ensure the puncture effect.

[0024] 2. The visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system of the present invention connects the guide wire and the puncture needle through the puncture needle positioning structure, and the positioning claw of the puncture needle positioning structure and the puncture needle can be locked or unlocked through the action of the pull ring assembly; when the positioning claw locks the puncture needle, the puncture needle can be sent into the human trachea through the guide wire, and then the puncture needle can be punctured from the inside to the outside, so as to achieve internal tracheostomy, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the tracheostomy puncture position.

[0025] 3. The visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system of the present invention, on the premise of achieving internal puncture and hole creation, can perform subsequent operations such as skin expansion and placement of an airway through the puncture hole, and can minimize the wound on the patient's external tissue during tracheostomy while ensuring the accuracy of the tracheostomy position.

[0026] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the puncture device according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the puncture end of the puncture device according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A front view of the puncture end of the puncture device;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the puncture needle positioning structure of the puncture device;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an open state of a puncture needle positioning structure of a puncture device;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A front view of the puncture needle positioning structure of the puncture device in an open state;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 5A schematic diagram of a puncture needle positioning structure of the puncture device and a puncture needle in a separated state;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a partial enlarged view of the guide wire of the puncture device of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning jaws of the puncture device according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A front view of the positioning jaws of the puncture device;

[0038] Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the handle end of the puncture device according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 It is a partial enlarged view of the handle end of the puncture device of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the guide wire of the puncture device of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the puncture needle of the puncture device of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.15 This is a schematic structural diagram of the handle end of the puncture device according to Example 2 of the present invention.

[0043] Reference numerals:

[0044] 1-puncture needle; 101-annular slot; 102-limiting boss; 103-strip slot; 104-middle through hole;

[0045] 2-puncture needle positioning structure; 201-positioning clamping claw; 202-pull rod; 203-first pull ring; 204-pull wire; 205-first positioning spring; 206-second pull ring; 207-second positioning spring; 208-third pull ring; 2011-clamping part; 2012-rotating part; 2013-second engaging part; 2014-first hinge hole; 2015-second hinge hole;

[0046] 3-guide wire; 301-claw mounting groove; 302-annular mounting groove; 303-limiting hole; 304-hinge shaft; 305-first piston rod; 306-first piston; 307-closed air cavity; 308-second piston; 309-second piston rod;

[0047] 4-unlocking handle; 5-operating handle; 501-handle fixing part; 502-handle through hole; 6-pneumatic push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system, comprising: a puncture device and a tracheal fiberscope.

[0051] In this embodiment, a channel for allowing the puncture device to penetrate and move is provided inside the catheter of the tracheofibronoscope; a lighting device and a camera for collecting internal environmental information of the trachea are provided at the end of the tracheofibronoscope; when performing tracheal puncture, the trachea is entered into the trachea using the tracheofibronoscope, and the puncture point is seen in the trachea through the camera, and the puncture needle 1 of the puncture device equipped inside the tracheofibronoscope is punctured in reverse from the inside of the trachea to the outside of the skin, thereby achieving accurate positioning of the tracheal incision and visual operation.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The puncture device includes: a puncture needle 1, a puncture needle positioning structure 2, a guide wire 3, an unlocking handle 4 and an operating handle 5; the puncture needle 1 is arranged at one end of the guide wire 3, and is locked and unlocked by the puncture needle positioning structure 2 and the guide wire 3; the operating handle 5 is fixedly installed at the other end of the guide wire 3; the puncture needle positioning structure 2 includes: a claw assembly and a pull ring assembly; the claw assembly is used to lock the puncture needle 1 so that the puncture needle 1 and the guide wire 3 are fixed as a whole; the pull ring assembly is sleeved on the outside of the guide wire 3, and by pulling the pull ring assembly, the claw assembly can be driven to unlock the puncture needle 1; the unlocking handle 4 is fixedly connected to the pull ring assembly.

[0053] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, multiple groups of claw assemblies are circumferentially arranged on the side of the guide wire 3; preferably, four groups of claw assemblies are arranged at the end of the guide wire 3, and the four groups of claw assemblies surround the outside of the puncture needle 1, and the puncture needle 1 is circumferentially clamped and fixed by the four groups of claw assemblies; the present invention clamps the puncture needle 1 by multiple groups of claw assemblies, thereby achieving the fixation of the guide wire 3 and the puncture needle 1, forming an effect similar to that of a person's hand pinching the puncture needle 1, and then the propulsion force applied by the guide wire 3 to the bottom end of the puncture needle 1 can promote the puncture needle 1 to pass out of the airway; preferably, during the puncture needle puncture process, the puncture device is arranged in the tracheofibroscopy channel, and the tracheofibroscopy can be used to adjust the angle and illuminate the internal environment of the airway and collect real-time video, thereby adjusting the puncture position and puncture angle of the puncture needle 1.

[0054] Specifically, the guide wire 3 is made of a bendable and incompressible material, such as plastic or soft metal; the puncture device is used in conjunction with a tracheal fiberscope, and the guide wire 3 can move along with the movement of the tracheal fiberscope.

[0055] Preferably, if Figure 7 As shown, the upper end of the puncture needle 1 is a sharp portion, and a protruding limiting boss 102 is provided at the lower end. Correspondingly, the end of the guide wire 3 is provided with a limiting hole 303 that cooperates with the limiting boss 102, so that the end face of the guide wire 3 can apply a lifting force to the bottom end face of the puncture needle 1.

[0056] Preferably, the puncture needle 1 is a hollow needle with a cylindrical shape and a middle through hole 104; the middle through hole 104 penetrates the puncture needle 1 along the axial direction of the puncture needle 1; after the tracheal puncture is completed, a metal positioning wire can be inserted into the middle through hole 104 to locate the puncture point; the metal positioning wire is inserted from the upper end of the puncture needle 1 and out from the lower end, and is inserted into the inside of the trachea, and the puncture needle can be further removed from the outside by clamping, and the metal positioning wire can be used to assist in the hole expansion operation of the tracheostomy surgery.

[0057] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the jaw assembly includes: a positioning jaw 201 and a pull rod 202; the jaw assembly is arranged in multiple groups at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the puncture needle 1; the middle part of the positioning jaw 201 is hingedly installed on the end of the guide wire 3; one end of the positioning jaw 201 is used to clamp the puncture needle 1, and the other end is hingedly connected to the pull rod 202.

[0058] Specifically, since the positioning jaw 201 is rotatably mounted on the end of the guide wire 3 , when the positioning jaw 201 rotates, the clamping portion 2011 at the upper end thereof can move closer to or farther away from the puncture needle 1 .

[0059] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, the pull ring assembly includes: a first pull ring 203, a pull wire 204 and a first positioning spring 205; the first pull ring 203 is sleeved on the outside of the guide wire 3 and is hingedly connected to the pull rod 202; when the first pull ring 203 is displaced along the axial direction of the guide wire 3, it can drive the pull rod 202 and the positioning clamp 201 to rotate, and when the positioning clamp 201 rotates, it can lock or unlock the puncture needle 1.

[0060] Specifically, a plurality of hinged parts are fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the first pull ring 203, and the first pull ring 203 is hinged to the pull rod 202 through the plurality of hinged parts; since the first pull ring 203 is sleeved on the outside of the guide wire 3, it can only slide along the axial direction of the guide wire 3; during implementation, the guide wire 3, the first pull ring 203, the pull rod 202 and the positioning clamp 201 form a group of motion mechanisms similar to a crank slider mechanism, and when the first pull ring 203 slides along the guide wire 3, it can drive the pull rod 202 and the positioning clamp 201 to rotate, and when the positioning clamp 201 rotates, it can clamp and fix the puncture needle 1 or release the puncture needle 1 so that it can detach from the guide wire 3.

[0061] Specifically, when the first pull ring 203 is located at the first limit position close to the puncture needle 1, the pull rod 202 and the positioning clamp 201 form an obtuse angle, and the positioning clamp 201 clamps the puncture needle 1. Figure 2 , Figure 3 When the first pull ring 203 is located away from the puncture needle 1, the pull rod 202 and the positioning jaw 201 are 180°, and the positioning jaw 201 is away from the puncture needle 1, as shown. Figure 5 , Figure 6 shown.

[0062] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the positioning jaw 201 includes: a clamping portion 2011, a rotating portion 2012 and a second engaging portion 2013; the second engaging portion 2013 is arranged on the side of the clamping portion 2011 facing the puncture needle 1, and is engaged with the first engaging portion on the surface of the puncture needle 1; the rotating portion 2012 is connected to the clamping portion 2011 as a whole, and a first hinge hole 2014 is arranged at the connection between the two, and the positioning jaw 201 is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft 304 on the guide wire 3 through the first hinge hole 2014; a second hinge hole 2015 is arranged at the end of the rotating portion 2012, and is hinged to the first pull ring 203 of the pull ring assembly through the second hinge hole 2015; when the pull ring assembly is displaced, it can pull the pull rod 202 and the positioning jaw 201 to rotate.

[0063] Furthermore, if Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Fig. 9 As shown, the first engaging portion is an annular engaging groove 101 .

[0064] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, an annular groove 101 is provided on the outer surface of the puncture needle 1, and two parallel grooves are provided above and below; correspondingly, a second engaging portion 2013 matching the shape of the annular groove 101 is provided on the side wall of the clamping portion 2011 facing the puncture needle 1; preferably, the second engaging portion 2013 is an arc-shaped ridge; preferably, the longitudinal cross-section of the annular groove 101 and the arc-shaped ridge is semicircular, and the longitudinal cross-section is a cross-section extending along the axial direction of the puncture needle 1.

[0065] Furthermore, in order to realize the normal clamping effect of the positioning jaw 201 on the puncture needle 1, in this embodiment, the first positioning spring 205 is used as a driving force to provide the first pull ring 203 at the first extreme position.

[0066] Specifically, the first positioning spring 205 is sleeved on the outside of the guide wire 3, and its spring force can push the first pull ring 203 to the first extreme position; one end of the pull wire 204 is fixedly connected to the first pull ring 203, and the other end is fixedly connected to the unlocking handle 4; pulling the unlocking handle 4 can pull the first pull ring 203 from the first extreme position to the second extreme position through the pull wire 204.

[0067] During implementation, when the positioning jaw 201 is in contact with the surface of the puncture needle 1 and the first engaging portion is engaged with the second engaging portion, the first pull ring 203 is pushed upward, and the first pull ring 203 cannot push the positioning jaw 201 to rotate toward the direction close to the axis of the puncture needle 1 through the pull rod 202. At this time, the first pull ring 203 is in the first extreme position. When the first pull ring 203 is displaced along the axis of the guide wire 3 in the direction away from the puncture needle 1 under the pulling force of the pull wire 204, the first positioning spring 205 is compressed, and the first pull ring 203 can pull the positioning jaw 201 and the pull rod 202 to be in the same straight line, that is, the two are 180°; when the pull rod 202 and the positioning jaw 201 are in the same straight line, the first pull ring 203 cannot continue to pull the pull rod 202 to move, and the pulling force of the pull rod 202 on the positioning jaw 201 extends along the axial direction of the rotating part 2012 of the positioning jaw 201. Therefore, the positioning jaw 201 cannot continue to open, and the first pull ring 203 is in the second extreme position.

[0068] That is to say, when the first pull ring 203 is in the first extreme position, the positioning jaw 201 is pressed against the surface of the puncture needle 1, and the first clamping portion is engaged with the second clamping portion 2013, that is, the positioning jaw 201 clamps the puncture needle 1; when the first pull ring 203 is in the second extreme position, the positioning jaw 201 is away from the puncture needle 1, and the multiple card group components remain in the open state. Figure 6 , Figure 7 shown.

[0069] Furthermore, if Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the first positioning spring 205 is normally in a compressed state, and the elastic force of the first positioning spring 205 pushes the first pull ring 203 to a first extreme position, so that the pull rod 202 and the positioning jaw 201 are at an obtuse angle, and the clamping portion 2011 of the positioning jaw 201 fits against the surface of the puncture needle 1 and presses against each other; at this time, the elastic thrust of the first positioning spring 205 can maintain the clamping effect of multiple positioning jaws 201 on the puncture needle 1, and the puncture needle 1 is in a locked state.

[0070] Furthermore, if Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, when the first positioning spring 205 is further compressed to the maximum compression amount, the first pull ring 203 is in the second extreme position; at this time, the pull rod 202 and the positioning clamp 201 are both pressed into the clamp mounting groove 301, and the two are 180° apart, and the positioning clamp 201 and the puncture needle 1 are at an acute angle to release the puncture needle 1, thereby achieving the unlocking of the puncture needle 1 by the positioning clamp 201.

[0071] It is worth noting that when the first positioning spring 205 is at the maximum compression, it is not that it cannot be further compressed by itself, but that it cannot be further compressed due to the tension of the pull rod 202 and the positioning clamp 201. In other words, when the first pull ring 203 pulls the pull rod 202 and the positioning clamp 201 to be coaxial, the first pull ring 203 cannot continue to move away from the puncture needle 1, and the first positioning spring 205 cannot continue to be compressed.

[0072] Furthermore, if Figure 8 As shown, a clamping jaw mounting groove 301 and an annular mounting groove 302 are provided on the side of the guide wire 3 .

[0073] Specifically, the annular mounting groove 302 is an annular groove arranged on the outer surface of the guide wire 3; the first pull ring 203 is arranged in the annular mounting groove 302, and can slide along the surface of the annular mounting groove 302; the first positioning spring 205 is arranged in the annular mounting groove 302, one end of the first positioning spring 205 is fixedly connected to the first pull ring 203, and the other end is pressed against or fixedly connected to the end face of the annular mounting groove 302.

[0074] Specifically, the clamping jaw installation groove 301 extends along the axial direction of the guide wire 3 and is connected to the annular installation groove 302; a hinge shaft 304 is provided at the upper end of the clamping jaw installation groove 301, and a first hinge hole 2014 is provided in the middle of the positioning clamping jaw 201. The positioning clamping jaw 201 is rotatably installed on the hinge shaft 304 through the first hinge hole 2014 to achieve a hinged connection between the positioning clamping jaw 201 and the guide wire 3. In this embodiment, after the arc-shaped convex edge of the positioning clamping jaw 201 is engaged with the annular groove 101 of the puncture needle 1, the limiting boss 102 of the puncture needle 1 cannot be separated from the limiting hole 303 of the guide wire 3, and the two will not be relatively displaced, which is convenient for puncture operation and prevents the puncture needle from being accidentally left in the trachea.

[0075] Specifically, a second hinge hole 2015 is provided at the end of the rotating portion 2012 of the positioning clamp 201, and is hinged to the upper end of the pull rod 202 through the second hinge hole 2015; further, the lower end of the pull rod 202 is hingedly connected to the hinge portion on the upper end surface of the first pull ring 203.

[0076] Furthermore, if Figure 8 As shown, a hinge shaft 304 is fixedly installed in the jaw installation groove 301; the hinge shaft 304 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the guide wire 3, and a plurality of hinge shafts 304 are arranged in an array around the circumference of the guide wire 3. Specifically, the positioning jaw 201 is rotatably installed on the hinge shaft 304; preferably, the positioning jaw 201 and the hinge shaft 304 are relatively rotated by a clearance fit.

[0077] Preferably, the length of the clamp mounting slot 301 is greater than the length of the rotating portion 2012 of the positioning clamp 201 , and less than the sum of the length of the rotating portion 2012 and the length of the pull rod 202 .

[0078] Preferably, in order to facilitate the displacement of the first pull ring 203 and minimize the bending of the pull wire 204, a second pull ring 206 is also sleeved on the outside of the guide wire 3, and the second pull ring 206 is arranged parallel to the first pull ring 203, and the inner wall surface of the second pull ring 206 is in contact with the outer surface of the guide wire 3, and the inner wall surface of the first pull ring 203 is in contact with the annular surface of the annular mounting groove 302.

[0079] Furthermore, since the tracheal puncture is located inside the human body, the first pull ring 203 or the pull wire 204 cannot be directly operated; in this embodiment, Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, the pull ring assembly further includes: a second positioning spring 207 and a third pull ring 208 .

[0080] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Fig.11 , Fig.12As shown, the third pull ring 208 is sleeved on the outside of the guide wire 3 and is arranged at the operating end of the puncture device.

[0081] Specifically, Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, the third pull ring 208 is fixedly connected to the unlocking handle 4 .

[0082] Specifically, one end of the pull wire 204 passes through the second pull ring 206 and is fixedly connected to the first pull ring 203, and the other end is fixedly connected to the third pull ring 208; then, pulling the unlocking handle 4 can simultaneously pull the third pull ring 208 and the first pull ring 203 to move, and then the first pull ring 201 can drive the multiple positioning claws 201 to open, thereby releasing the puncture needle 1.

[0083] Specifically, an operating handle 5 is fixedly installed at the end of the guide wire 3. By pulling or pushing the operating handle 5, the guide wire 3 can be displaced, and then the puncture needle 1 can be pushed for puncture in the locked state. Pulling the operating handle 5 backward in the unlocked state can separate the guide wire 3 from the puncture needle 1.

[0084] Specifically, a handle fixing portion 501 is provided at the end of the operating handle 5 . The handle fixing portion 501 is a cylindrical structure. The handle fixing portion 501 and the end of the guide wire 3 are fixed as a whole by welding or bonding.

[0085] Specifically, the second positioning spring 207 is arranged between the third pull ring 208 and the operating handle 5; when the third pull ring 208 is pulled to move by the unlocking handle 4, the second positioning spring 207 can be compressed. The second positioning spring 207 is used to assist the pull ring assembly in positioning the claw assembly, thereby maintaining the clamping force of the positioning claw 201 on the puncture needle 1 in the locked state.

[0086] Furthermore, in order to facilitate medical personnel to operate the puncture device of this embodiment, in this embodiment, the operating handle 5 and the unlocking handle 4 are both annular structures.

[0087] Furthermore, two handle through holes 502 are provided on the operating handle 5 , and the unlocking handle 4 passes through the handle through holes 502 and is nested and installed inside the operating handle 5 .

[0088] In this embodiment, the tracheofiboscope is an existing product; the functions and actions of the tracheofiboscope described in this embodiment are within the scope that can be achieved by existing products. Its specific structural composition and functional principles are not described in detail in this embodiment, which does not affect the implementation of the visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system of this embodiment.

[0089] During implementation, first insert the tracheal fiberscope into the trachea; insert the puncture device into the channel of the tracheal fiberscope; then hold the operating handle 5 to send the guide wire 3 and the puncture needle 1 clamped and fixed by the claw assembly on the guide wire 3 into the inside of the trachea, and then push the operating handle 5 to promote puncture by the puncture needle 1. During puncture, the contact end surface of the guide wire 3 and the puncture needle 1 provides the propulsion force required for puncture. After the puncture is completed, the puncture needle 1 and the guide wire 3 need to be separated; when separating, while maintaining the grip of the operating handle 5, the unlocking handle 4 can be hooked with a single finger, and then the unlocking handle 4 can be pulled by the finger, and the third pull ring 208, the pull wire 204, and the first pull ring 203 can be simultaneously pulled to move, and then the positioning clamp 201 can be pulled to rotate, thereby realizing the unlocking operation of the puncture needle 1; after the puncture needle 1 is unlocked, pulling the operating handle 5 backward can separate the guide wire 3 from the puncture needle 1, and the puncture device can be taken out, and then the medical staff can perform subsequent tracheostomy operations; when tracheostomy is performed, the puncture needle is taken out and the surgical forceps are inserted into the puncture hole for hole expansion, and after hole expansion, a tracheal cannula is installed for mechanical ventilation.

[0090] Example 2

[0091] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the puncture device of embodiment 1 is improved and designed as follows:

[0092] like Fig.13 , Fig.15 As shown, in this embodiment, a closed air cavity 307 extending along the axial direction of the guide wire 3 is provided inside the guide wire 3; one end of the closed air cavity 307 is sealed by a first piston 306, and the other end is sealed by a second piston 308; further, the first piston 306 is provided at one end close to the claw assembly, and the second piston 308 is provided at one end close to the operating handle 5. The closed air cavity 307 is sealed and filled with air.

[0093] Specifically, Fig.13 As shown, the first piston rod 305 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the first piston 306, and the first piston rod 305 is slidably installed in the limiting hole 303 and can pass through the limiting hole 303. The second piston rod 309 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the second piston 308, and the second piston rod 309 passes through the other end of the guide wire 3, and the second piston rod 309 is fixedly connected to the pneumatic push rod 6.

[0094] Preferably, the diameter of the first piston 306 is greater than the diameter of the first piston rod 305 , and the diameter of the second piston 308 is greater than the diameter of the second piston rod 309 .

[0095] Furthermore, when the limiting boss 102 of the puncture needle 1 is installed in the limiting hole 303 of the guide wire 3, the first piston rod 305 abuts against the limiting boss 102 of the puncture needle 1. When the first piston rod 305 passes through the limiting hole 303, the puncture needle 1 can be pushed up to keep the puncture needle 1 away from the guide wire 3.

[0096] Specifically, Fig.15 As shown, the pneumatic push rod 6 is an L-shaped structure, one end of which passes through the operating handle 5 and is fixedly connected to the second piston rod 309, and the other end is provided with a protruding pushing portion. During implementation, by pushing the pneumatic push rod 6, the second piston 308 and the second piston rod 309 can be pushed to move, and then the first piston rod 305 can be driven to extend from the limiting hole 303 by air pressure, and then the puncture needle 1 is pushed upward to perform puncture.

[0097] In this embodiment, a closed air cavity 307 is provided and the air in the closed air cavity 307 is used as a medium for pressure transmission. The thrust of the pneumatic push rod 6 acting on the second piston rod 309 and the second piston 308 can be directly transmitted to the second piston 308 and the first piston rod 305 through the gas in the closed air cavity 307. The operation is convenient and the force transmission is reliable, so that the puncture needle 1 can be inserted into the trachea in a manner similar to syringe injection, and the puncture site is accurate.

[0098] like Fig.14 As shown, in this embodiment, the first engaging portion on the surface of the puncture needle 1 is set as a strip-shaped slot 103 extending along its own axial direction; correspondingly, a limiting protrusion is set on the side of the positioning jaw 201 facing the puncture needle 1 as a second engaging portion 2013; when the positioning jaw 201 clamps and positions the puncture needle 1, the limiting protrusion is clamped in the strip-shaped slot 103. Preferably, the limiting protrusion is a spherical protrusion.

[0099] In this embodiment, by setting the bar slot 103, the relative displacement of the puncture needle 1 and the guide wire 3 is limited, thereby limiting the puncture distance of the puncture needle 1, preventing the puncture needle 1 from completely passing through the trachea, and avoiding affecting the subsequent tracheostomy procedure. That is to say, when the positioning jaw 201 remains in the state of clamping the puncture needle 1, the puncture needle 1 is pushed upward by the first push rod 305, and the limiting protrusion slides in the bar slot 103, and the puncture distance of the puncture needle 1 is limited by the length of the bar slot 103; by reasonably setting the length and position of the bar slot 103, the puncture depth of the puncture needle 1 in the tracheal wall can be achieved, so that one part of it is located outside the trachea and the other part is located inside the trachea, which is convenient for subsequent operations such as hole creation and placement of tracheal tube.

[0100] During implementation, when the pneumatic push rod 6 pushes the second piston rod 309 and the second piston 308 to move, the thrust can be transmitted to the first piston 306 and the first piston rod 305 through the internal air pressure of the closed air cavity 307, and then the puncture needle 1 is lifted through the first piston rod 305 to achieve puncture.

[0101] During the puncture process of the puncture needle 1, the positioning jaw 201 maintains the clamping effect on the puncture needle 1, and the limiting protrusion is clamped in the strip groove 103. When the puncture needle 1 is pushed upward by the first piston rod 305, the limiting protrusion slides downward in the strip groove 103 on the surface of the puncture needle 1.

[0102] After the puncture is completed, the pull ring assembly is pulled to move in the same manner as in Example 1, thereby driving the claw assembly to unlock the puncture needle 1. After unlocking, the puncture needle 1 and the guide wire 3 can be separated.

[0103] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system, characterized in that: include: Fiberoptic tracheoscopes and puncture devices; The catheter of the tracheofibroscopy is provided with a channel inside which allows the puncture device to penetrate and move; The end of the tracheal fiberscope is provided with a lighting device and a camera for collecting information about the internal environment of the trachea; The puncture device comprises: a puncture needle (1), a puncture needle positioning structure (2) and a guide wire (3); The puncture needle (1) is arranged at one end of the guide wire (3), and is locked and unlocked by the puncture needle positioning structure (2) and the guide wire (3); The puncture needle positioning structure (2) comprises: a clamping claw assembly and a pull ring assembly; the clamping claw assembly comprises: a positioning jaw (201) and a pull rod (202); the middle part of the positioning jaw (201) is hingedly mounted on the end of the guide wire (3); one end of the positioning jaw (201) is used to clamp the puncture needle (1), and the other end is hingedly connected to the pull rod (202); the pull rod (202) is hingedly connected to the pull ring assembly; the pull ring assembly is sleeved on the outside of the guide wire (3), and when the pull ring assembly is displaced, it can pull the pull rod (202) and the positioning jaw (201) to rotate, thereby realizing the locking or unlocking of the puncture needle (1) by the clamping claw assembly; The positioning clamp (201) comprises: a clamping portion (2011), a rotating portion (2012) and a second clamping portion (2013); The second engaging portion (2013) is arranged on a side of the clamping portion (2011) facing the puncture needle (1), and is engaged with a first engaging portion on the surface of the puncture needle (1); the first engaging portion is an annular engaging groove (101); the second engaging portion (2013) is an arcuate ridge; the arcuate ridge can be engaged with the annular engaging groove (101); The rotating part (2012) and the clamping part (2011) are connected as one body, and a first hinge hole (2014) is provided at the connection between the two; a hinge shaft (304) perpendicular to its own axis is provided on the guide wire (3); a first hinge hole (2014) is provided at the connection between the clamping part (2011) and the rotating part (2012); the hinge shaft (304) and the first hinge hole (2014) are clearance-matched, so that the positioning clamp (201) is rotatably mounted on the hinge shaft (304); A second hinge hole (2015) is provided at the end of the positioning clamp (201), and the positioning clamp is hinged to the pull rod (202) through the second hinge hole (2015); the positioning clamp (201) is rotatably mounted on the end of the guide wire (3), and when the positioning clamp (201) rotates, the clamping portion (2011) at the upper end thereof can move closer to or farther from the puncture needle (1); The pull ring assembly comprises: a first pull ring (203), a pull wire (204) and a first positioning spring (205); the first pull ring (203) is sleeved on the outside of the guide wire (3) and is hingedly connected to the pull rod (202); when the first pull ring (203) is displaced along the axial direction of the guide wire (3), it can drive the pull rod (202) and the positioning clamp (201) to rotate, and when the positioning clamp (201) rotates, it can realize locking or unlocking of the puncture needle (1); The first positioning spring (205) is sleeved on the outside of the guide wire (3), and its spring force can push the first pull ring (203) to the first extreme position; one end of the pull wire (204) is fixedly connected to the first pull ring (203), and the other end is fixedly connected to the unlocking handle (4); pulling the unlocking handle (4) can pull the first pull ring (203) from the first extreme position to the second extreme position through the pull wire (204); When the elastic force of the first positioning spring (205) pushes the first pull ring (203) to the first extreme position, the pull rod (202) and the positioning clamp (201) form an obtuse angle, and the clamping portion (2011) of the positioning clamp (201) fits the surface of the puncture needle (1) and presses against each other. The elastic thrust of the first positioning spring (205) can maintain the clamping effect of the multiple positioning clamps (201) on the puncture needle (1), and the puncture needle (1) is in a locked state. When the first positioning spring (205) is compressed to the maximum compression amount, the first pull ring (203) is in the second extreme position, and the positioning clamp (201) and the puncture needle (1) are at an acute angle to release the puncture needle (1), thereby achieving the unlocking of the puncture needle (1) by the positioning clamp (201).

2. The visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the puncture needle (1) is a sharp portion, and the lower end is provided with a protruding limiting boss (102).

3. The visualized percutaneous tracheostomy puncture system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting hole (303) is provided at the end of the guide wire (3); the limiting boss (102) is installed in the limiting hole (303).

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