Superconducting coil support structure, superconducting motor and system integrated with forced convection pipeline

Abstract

The present invention discloses a superconducting coil support structure, a superconducting motor and a system with integrated forced convection pipelines, in the field of superconducting motors, including: a runway-shaped lower cover plate and an upper cover plate; an axially extending cavity is provided inside the lower cover plate, and the cavity serves as a forced convection pipeline for the cooling medium; partitions are provided in the cavity distributed along the cavity; a plurality of cold conduction plates are provided on the outer periphery of the lower cover plate, and there are gaps between adjacent cold conduction plates for arranging superconducting coils; a cooling medium inlet connected to one axial end of the cavity is provided on the upper cover plate or the lower cover plate; a cooling medium outlet connected to the other axial end of the cavity is provided on the upper cover plate or the lower cover plate. Furthermore, the partitions in the cavity are staggered along the two side walls of the cavity, and the width of the partitions is greater than half the width of the cavity and less than the width of the cavity. The present invention can improve the utilization rate of the cooling medium and thus improve the cooling effect of the superconducting coil by improving the superconducting coil support structure in the superconducting motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of superconducting motors, and more specifically, relates to a superconducting coil support structure integrated with a forced convection pipeline, a superconducting motor and a system. Background Art

[0002] Superconducting motors, with their advantages of compact size, high power density, and high efficiency, hold great promise for applications in aviation propulsion, marine propulsion, and wind power. As key components in superconducting motors, superconducting field coils provide significant magnetic load for the motor while also experiencing significant electromagnetic forces. Therefore, the superconducting coils must be secured to a supporting structure to form the superconducting magnet. Furthermore, superconducting materials require cryogenic temperatures to enter the superconducting state, necessitating a cryogenic cooling system to maintain the proper operation of the superconducting coils.

[0003] Currently, forced convection cooling is a common cooling method for aviation superconducting motors. This method uses a forced flow device (i.e., a pump) to force the coolant through the cooling structure built into the cryogenic system. This forced convection heat transfer directs the cooling energy into the superconducting components, where it then flows back to the cooling source, achieving a circulating refrigeration cycle. Phase changes in the coolant generally do not occur during the cooling process, resulting in lower cooling medium consumption.

[0004] In order to effectively cool the superconducting coils, corresponding cooling circuits are designed in existing superconducting motors. Patent document KR20040009489A discloses a superconducting rotor with a built-in cooling system, in which high-pressure gas flows from a stationary compressor into an inner dewar via a rotary joint assembly. A pulse tube refrigerator with a piston is provided inside the excitation coil to cool the coil via conduction cooling, allowing it to operate after cooling to the operating temperature. The cooling circuit designed in this patent can cool the superconducting coils using the principle of heat conduction, but it does not fully utilize the cooling capacity of the cooling medium, which can easily lead to uneven cooling of the magnet and local overheating.

[0005] Patent application publication number CN115955080A discloses an onboard liquid hydrogen-cooled high-temperature superconducting DC motor power system. The cooling system is used to cool the superconducting stator excitation system. Liquid hydrogen is supplied from an onboard liquid hydrogen tank, flows through a solenoid valve into a flow controller, and then into the coil box cavity of the high-temperature superconducting stator excitation system. This flow controller then connects to the liquid hydrogen inlet flange to provide cooling for the racetrack-shaped superconducting coils. This solution requires the installation of an additional coil box cavity to cool the superconducting magnets within it, but still suffers from insufficient utilization of the cooling medium's cooling capacity.

[0006] In general, the existing superconducting motor cooling circuit design does not fully utilize the cooling medium's cold capacity, which can easily cause uneven cooling of the magnet and local overheating. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the defects and improvement needs of the existing technology, the present invention provides a superconducting coil support structure, a superconducting motor and a system with integrated forced convection pipelines, the purpose of which is to improve the utilization rate of the cooling medium and thus improve the cooling effect of the superconducting coil.

[0008] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a superconducting coil support structure integrated with a forced convection pipeline, comprising: a racetrack-shaped lower cover plate and an upper cover plate;

[0009] An axially extending cavity is provided inside the lower cover plate, and the cavity serves as a forced convection pipeline for the cooling medium; baffles are provided inside the cavity and distributed along the cavity;

[0010] Several cooling plates are provided on the outer periphery of the lower cover plate, with gaps between adjacent cooling plates for arranging superconducting coils;

[0011] The upper cover plate or the lower cover plate is provided with a cooling medium inlet communicated with one axial end of the cavity; the upper cover plate or the lower cover plate is provided with a cooling medium outlet communicated with the other axial end of the cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the partitions in the cavity are staggered along the two side walls of the cavity, and the width of the partitions is greater than half of the width of the cavity and less than the width of the cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are both made of copper.

[0014] Furthermore, the cooling plate is made of copper.

[0015] Furthermore, the separator is made of copper.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a superconducting motor is provided, which includes the superconducting coil support structure with the integrated forced convection pipeline provided by the present invention. The superconducting motor also includes: a superconducting coil, which is wound in the gap between the cold conduction plates in the superconducting coil support structure with the integrated forced convection pipeline.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, a superconducting motor system is provided, comprising: a cooling system and the superconducting motor provided by the present invention, wherein the cooling outlet of the cooling system is connected to the cooling medium inlet of the superconducting coil support structure, and the cooling inlet of the cooling system is connected to the cooling medium outlet of the superconducting coil support structure.

[0018] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention designs a forced convection pipeline for the cooling medium by setting a cavity inside the superconducting coil support structure, so that the support structure can transfer the coldness of the cooling medium to the superconducting coil while providing support for the superconducting coil. At the same time, partitions distributed along the cavity are provided in the cavity, which ensures sufficient support strength while transferring coldness.

[0020] 2. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width of the partition in the cavity of the lower cover plate is greater than half the width of the cavity and less than the width of the cavity. While ensuring the supporting strength of the supporting structure, on the one hand, the cooling area is increased and the utilization rate of the cooling medium is enhanced. On the other hand, the flow velocity of the medium in the cavity is enhanced, its convective heat transfer coefficient is improved, and the cooling efficiency is further improved.

[0021] In general, the superconducting coil support structure provided in this embodiment integrates the forced convection pipeline into the interior of the support structure and optimizes the forced convection pipeline by setting partitions. It can effectively improve the utilization rate of the cooling medium and improve the cooling effect while ensuring sufficient supporting force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a superconducting coil support structure with an integrated forced convection pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a superconducting coil support structure integrated with a forced convection pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the lower cover structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a magnet structure composed of a support structure and superconducting coils in a superconducting motor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a superconducting motor system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0028] 1-Cold head;

[0029] 2-cold head heat exchanger;

[0030] 3-Dewar with multi-layer thermal insulation structure;

[0031] 4-coil support structure; 41-upper cover, 42-lower cover, 43-cavity, 44-partition, 45-cooling plate;

[0032] 5-superconducting coil;

[0033] 6- rotor yoke;

[0034] 7- Rotary joint assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0036] In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. (if any) in the present invention and the drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0037] In order to solve the problems of low cooling medium utilization and limited cooling effect in the existing superconducting coil cooling circuit design, the present invention provides a superconducting coil support structure, a superconducting motor and a system with integrated forced convection pipelines. The overall concept is: without affecting the supporting function of the support structure, the forced convection pipeline of the cooling medium is integrated into the interior of the superconducting coil support structure, and the forced convection pipeline is optimized to improve the utilization rate of the cooling medium, thereby improving the cooling effect of the superconducting coil.

[0038] The following are examples.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] A superconducting coil support structure with integrated forced convection piping, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes: a runway-shaped lower cover plate 41 and an upper cover plate 42;

[0041] An axially extending cavity 43 is provided inside the lower cover plate 42. The cavity 43 serves as a forced convection pipe for the cooling medium. Baffles 44 are arranged in the cavity 43 and staggered along the two side walls of the cavity. The width of the baffles 44 is greater than half the width of the cavity and less than the width of the cavity.

[0042] There are several cooling plates 45 on the outer periphery of the lower cover plate, and there are gaps between adjacent cooling plates 45 for arranging superconducting coils;

[0043] The upper cover plate 41 or the lower cover plate 42 is provided with a cooling medium inlet communicating with one axial end of the cavity; the upper cover plate or the lower cover plate is provided with a cooling medium outlet communicating with the other axial end of the cavity.

[0044] This embodiment utilizes a cavity within the superconducting coil support structure to design a forced convection conduit for the cooling medium. This allows the support structure to simultaneously support the superconducting coil and transfer cooling energy from the cooling medium to the superconducting coil. Because the forced convection conduit is located within the superconducting coil, the cooling medium flowing along it can evenly cool the superconducting coil.

[0045] In addition to bearing electromagnetic force, thermal stress and centrifugal force, the support structure of the superconducting coil must also withstand the magnetic pull of the superconducting coil itself. Because superconducting coils are generally wound into racetrack-shaped coils, the two sides of the magnets will be subject to mutual repulsion, causing them to tend to expand into a circular coil. Due to the relatively high ampere-turns of the superconducting coil, this force load cannot be ignored.

[0046] In order to integrate the forced convection piping without affecting the supporting capacity of the supporting structure, such as Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment makes the following optimized design for the support structure: spaced partitions are set on the inner wall of the cavity, and the height of the partitions is the same as the distance between the upper and lower cover plates, which can ensure sufficient supporting force when a cavity is set inside.

[0047] In order to further optimize the forced convection pipeline of the cooling medium, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the partitions in the lower cover plate cavity are specifically arranged in a staggered manner along the two side walls of the cavity, and the width of the partitions is greater than half of the cavity width and less than the cavity width. Based on such a design, while ensuring the supporting strength of the supporting structure, on the one hand, the cooling area is increased and the utilization rate of the cooling medium is enhanced; on the other hand, the flow velocity of the medium in the cavity is enhanced, its convective heat transfer coefficient is improved, and the cooling efficiency is further improved.

[0048] From the perspective of cooling effect, this example compares the cooling effect of 5 double-pancake coils with and without partitions. The strip loss density is 8100W / m 3 When helium gas at an inlet flow rate of 25 m / s and 18K is introduced, the average temperature of the strip on the superconducting coil support structure decreases by 6K when baffles are installed. Compared to the cavity structure without baffles, the convective heat transfer coefficient is significantly improved with baffles, and the improvement in convective heat transfer coefficient is more pronounced with greater flow rate. This demonstrates that this embodiment significantly optimizes the utilization of the cooling medium by optimizing the cooling medium channels in the cooling cavity with the aid of baffles, while also simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing costs.

[0049] To balance support and cooling performance, in this embodiment, the upper cover, lower cover, cooling plate, and partition are optionally made of copper. It should be noted that this is only an optional embodiment and should not be construed as the sole limitation of the present invention. In other embodiments of the present invention, materials such as oxygen-free copper and aluminum bronze, which have both good support and cooling performance, may also be used.

[0050] During cooling, the cooling medium flows into the forced convection pipeline through the cooling medium inlet, and the cold of the cooling medium is introduced into the cold plate and the side wall of the supporting structure through convection heat transfer. The cold plate and the side wall of the supporting structure conduct heat exchange with the superconducting coil, thereby cooling the superconducting coil to the operating temperature.

[0051] In general, the superconducting coil support structure provided in this embodiment integrates the forced convection pipeline into the interior of the support structure, and optimizes the forced convection pipeline by setting partitions. At the same time, only cold conduction plates are set at both ends, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of the cooling medium and improve the cooling effect while ensuring sufficient supporting force.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] A superconducting motor comprising a superconducting coil support structure with an integrated forced convection pipeline as provided in the above embodiment 1. In the superconducting motor, the superconducting coil 5 is wound in the gap between the cold plates in the superconducting coil support structure 4. The magnet formed by the superconducting coil 5 and the coil support structure 4 is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0054] It is easy to understand that if Figure 5 As shown, the superconducting motor generally further includes a rotor, a magnet composed of a superconducting coil and a supporting structure is arranged outside a rotor yoke 6, and the superconducting motor as a whole is located in a dewar 3 having a multi-layer thermal insulation structure.

[0055] Example 3:

[0056] A superconducting motor system, such as Figure 5 As shown, it includes: a cooling system and the superconducting motor provided by the above embodiment 2.

[0057] In this embodiment, the cooling system specifically includes a cold head 1 for providing cold energy, a cold head heat exchanger 2 for introducing cold energy into a cooling medium, and a rotary joint assembly 7 for performing non-rotational and rotational conversion, and the three are connected in sequence; the cold energy outlet of the cooling system is connected to the cooling medium inlet of the superconducting coil support structure, and the cold energy inlet of the cooling system is connected to the cooling medium outlet of the superconducting coil support structure.

[0058] It is easy to understand that the entire system is in a vacuum environment.

[0059] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A superconducting coil support structure integrated with a forced convection pipeline, characterized in that: include: Runway-shaped lower and upper covers; An axially extending cavity is provided inside the lower cover plate, and the cavity serves as a forced convection pipeline for the cooling medium; baffles are provided inside the cavity and distributed along the cavity; The outer periphery of the lower cover plate is provided with a plurality of cooling plates, and there are gaps between adjacent cooling plates for arranging superconducting coils; The upper cover plate or the lower cover plate is provided with a cooling medium inlet connected to one axial end of the cavity; the upper cover plate or the lower cover plate is provided with a cooling medium outlet connected to the other axial end of the cavity.

2. The superconducting coil support structure integrated with forced convection piping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partitions in the cavity are staggered and distributed along the two side walls of the cavity, and the width of the partitions is greater than half of the width of the cavity and less than the width of the cavity.

3. The superconducting coil support structure integrated with a forced convection pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are both made of copper.

4. The superconducting coil support structure integrated with a forced convection pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cooling plate is made of copper.

5. The superconducting coil support structure integrated with forced convection pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The separator is made of copper.

6. A superconducting motor comprising the superconducting coil support structure integrated with the forced convection pipeline according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The superconducting coil is wound in the gap between the cooling plates in the superconducting coil supporting structure of the integrated forced convection pipeline.

7. A superconducting motor system, characterized in that: include: A cooling system and a superconducting motor according to claim 6, wherein the cooling outlet of the cooling system is connected to the cooling medium inlet of the superconducting coil support structure, and the cooling inlet of the cooling system is connected to the cooling medium outlet of the superconducting coil support structure.

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