Method and apparatus for growing soybeans in saline soil

Abstract

The application relates to a method and device for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil, belonging to the field of crop cultivation technology, which is composed of a planting cylinder (1), a planting block (2) and a supporting table (3), characterized in that the planting cylinder (1) is in a whole cylindrical shape without an upper bottom, a telescopic planting cylinder telescopic part (15) is arranged at the middle upper part of the side wall, the upper surface of the planting cylinder telescopic part (15) is a planting cylinder top part (14), the lower surface is a planting cylinder lower part (21), the bottom wall of the planting cylinder (1) is a cylinder bottom (5), the central part of the cylinder bottom (5) is provided with a cylinder bottom hole (4), the peripheral edge of the cylinder bottom hole (4) is a cylinder bottom hole edge (7); the side wall of the planting cylinder (1) and the cylinder bottom (5) jointly form a planting cylinder wall (18) which is made of starch-based water-degradable plastic; a cavity surrounded by the planting cylinder wall (18) is a planting cylinder cavity (16), the planting block (2) and the supporting table (3) are arranged in the planting cylinder cavity (16). The device is simple in manufacturing, high in operability, low in cost and obvious in effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method and apparatus for growing soybeans in saline-alkali soil, belonging to the field of crop cultivation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Soybean, scientifically known as *Glycine max* (Linn.) Merr. 1917, commonly called yellow soybean, is an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the class Dicotyledonous, order Fabales, family Fabaceae, and genus *Glycine*. Soybean plants grow to a height of 30-90 cm, with stout, erect stems densely covered with long, brown, stiff hairs. Leaves typically have three leaflets, with veined stipules covered in yellowish soft hairs. Petioles are 2-20 cm long. Each plant carries 2-5 seeds, which are oval to nearly spherical, 1-2 cm long and 0.6-1.2 cm wide. Proper planting is a common measure for improving saline-alkali land: when planting crops on saline-alkali land, it is necessary to consider the crop's adaptability to salinity, drought, and waterlogging, planting according to local conditions, and rationally arranging the planting layout to fully realize the agricultural yield potential. Sunflowers, cereals, sugar beets, and barley are crops with strong salt tolerance and high cell osmotic pressure, allowing them to absorb sufficient water even in high-salt solutions without experiencing physiological drought and death. Lu Lili et al. found that plants suitable for remediating oil-contaminated soil include broad beans, soybeans, lentils, green beans, red beans, and ryegrass. Generally, when planting plants for soil remediation in saline-alkali land, the first choice is plants that can survive in high-salt-alkali environments, followed by plants with slightly lower concentrations. One plant growing season constitutes one cycle, and 2-3 cycles are performed. In each cycle, the entire plant is harvested to ensure that some insoluble salts are removed, thus reducing the salt content. Halophiles are commonly found in salt fields, salt lakes, preserved foods, and the world-famous Dead Sea. They can grow in environments with a salt concentration of 15-20%, and some can even grow in 32% saline solution. Extreme halophiles include Halbacterium and Halococcus, which belong to the archaea. Halbacterium cells contain red pigment, so when they grow in large quantities in salt lakes and the Dead Sea, these environments turn red. Some halophilic bacteria possess a purple membrane within their cells, containing a protein called bacterial rhodopsin, which absorbs energy from sunlight. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a widely distributed marine bacterium used in the production of extracellular polysaccharides, polyhydroxybutyric acid (PHB), edible proteins, flavorings, health food fortifiers, enzyme protectants, seawater desalination, saline-alkali land reclamation, and energy development. Vibrio parahaemolyticus thrives in environments with a salt concentration of 2-4%, but it will also proliferate in high salt concentrations of 5-6% or nutrient-rich low salt concentrations, especially in the suitable temperatures of summer. Ten halophilic bacteria can produce millions of offspring within 3-4 hours. In high-salt environments, Na+ interacts specifically with cell membrane components, enhancing the membrane's mechanical strength and helping to maintain its structure, playing a crucial role in preventing lysis by halophilic bacteria.Regarding cell membrane function, Na+ is essential for the active transport system of amino acids and sugars in halophilic bacteria. Furthermore, Na+ plays a crucial role in energy-producing respiration. The cell wall of halophilic bacteria replaces traditional peptidoglycan with glycoproteins. These glycoproteins contain a large amount of acidic amino acids, forming negatively charged regions that attract positively charged Na+, maintaining cell wall stability and preventing cell lysis. Excess acidic amino acid residues form a negatively charged shield on the protein surface, promoting protein stability in high-salt environments. Biodegradable plastics, also known as environmentally degradable plastics, refer to plastics whose properties meet usage requirements, remain unchanged during their shelf life, and degrade into environmentally harmless substances under natural environmental conditions after use. Polymer degradation refers to the process of macromolecular chain breakage caused by chemical and physical factors. The degradation process of polymers exposed to oxygen, water, radiation, chemicals, pollutants, mechanical force, insects and other animals, and microorganisms is called environmental degradation. Plastics that can be completely decomposed into low-molecular-weight compounds under the action of microorganisms are called biodegradable plastics. Plastics with added water-absorbing substances that dissolve in water after use are called hydrodegradable plastics. Examples include starch-based plastics, especially blended starch plastics, which are made by blending starch with ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, etc. These starch plastics have a high starch content, accounting for 30-60% of the total, and are completely biodegradable. Therefore, developing a method and device for growing soybeans in saline-alkali soil, allowing soybeans to grow normally in saline-alkali soil under artificial intervention, and significantly reducing the occupation of arable land resources, has become a major problem that urgently needs to be solved. Therefore, inventing a method and device for growing soybeans in saline-alkali soil is necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the challenge of developing a method and apparatus for growing soybeans in saline-alkali soil, enabling soybeans to grow normally in saline-alkali soil with artificial intervention and significantly reducing the occupation of arable land resources, this invention provides a method and apparatus for growing soybeans in saline-alkali soil. This method and apparatus utilizes fertile, nutrient-rich planting blocks as the substrate for soybean growth. An outer planting cylinder isolates the planting blocks from the surrounding saline-alkali soil, preventing salinization and facilitating soybean cultivation. Simultaneously, a support platform is set between the planting blocks and the planting cylinder. The moisture in the saline-alkali soil below the planting cylinder, due to temperature changes caused by sunlight exposure, accumulates as water vapor on the inner surface of the support platform, condenses into water droplets, flows down the inner surface of the support platform, and then flows through drainage holes into the side cavity of the support platform, ensuring humidity below the planting blocks. Ultimately, this achieves the goal of allowing soybeans to grow freely on the planting blocks inside the planting cylinder, enabling soybean cultivation even in saline-alkali soil.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0005] This invention discloses a method and apparatus for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil, comprising a planting cylinder 1, a planting block 2, and a support platform 3. The planting cylinder 1 is cylindrical in shape, with a diameter of 5-10 cm and a height of 10-20 cm. The planting cylinder 1 has no top bottom. A retractable planting cylinder extension section 15 is provided in the upper middle part of the side wall of the planting cylinder 1. The inner diameter of the planting cylinder extension section 15 is 5-10 cm, and the outer diameter is 7-15 cm. The top of the planting cylinder extension section 15 is the top of the planting cylinder 14, and the bottom of the planting cylinder extension section 15 is the lower part of the planting cylinder 21. The bottom wall of the planting cylinder 1 is the bottom of the cylinder 5, and a circular hole, referred to as the bottom hole 4, is provided in the center of the bottom of the cylinder 5. The diameter of the tube is 2-5 cm. A cylinder is set around the bottom hole 4 into the planting tube cavity 16, called the bottom hole edge 7. The inner diameter of the bottom hole edge 7 is 2-5 cm and the height is 1-2 cm. The lower edge of the bottom hole edge 7 is connected to the periphery of the bottom hole 4 to form a whole, and there is no gap at the connection. The side wall of the planting tube 1 and the bottom 5 of the tube together form the planting tube wall 18. The thickness of the planting tube wall 18 is 0.5-1 mm. It is made of starch-based hydrodegradable plastic blended with starch and ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, etc. The cavity enclosed by the planting tube wall 18 is the planting tube cavity 16. The planting block 2 and the support platform 3 are set in the planting tube cavity 16.

[0006] The planting block 2 is a culture medium for planting soybeans. It is pressed into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 4.9-9.5 cm and a height of 5-10 cm. After being placed into the pit in the saline-alkali soil along with the planting cylinder 1, 10-50 ml of fresh water is immediately poured in. The planting block 2 is composed of animal manure and halophilic Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The composition consists of parahaemolyticus agent, corn straw powder, high-cellulose decomposing active bacteria agent, and soil, with the following content ratio: 60-75% : 0.5-1% : 15-20% : 0.5-1% : 3-24%; A cylindrical groove, called planting block fixing groove 11, is located at the center of the bottom of planting block 2. The diameter of planting block fixing groove 11 is 3-6 cm and the depth is 2-5 cm. The opening at the lower end of planting block fixing groove 11 is called planting block fixing groove opening 20; The part of planting block 2 with planting block fixing groove 11 is called lower part of planting block 12, and the part above lower part of planting block 12 is called upper part of planting block 13. The outer diameter of lower part of planting block 12 and upper part of planting block 13 is the same; A hemispherical groove, called seeding groove 19, is set in the center of the upper surface of planting block 2. The diameter of seeding groove 19 is 1.5-2.5 cm.

[0007] The support platform 3 consists of drainage holes 6, a lower support cylinder 8, and an upper support cylinder 10. The upper support cylinder 10 is the upper part of the support platform 3, located at the center of the upper surface above the lower support cylinder 8. The diameter of the upper support cylinder 10 is 2.9-5.8 cm and the depth is 2-5 cm. The lower support cylinder 8 is the lower part of the support platform 3. The diameter of the lower support cylinder 8 is 4-8 cm and the height is 1-5 cm. The planting cavity 16 on the outer side of the lower support cylinder 8 is called the side cavity 9 of the support platform. 6-8 drainage holes 6 are evenly spaced on the lower side wall of the lower support cylinder 8. Each drainage hole 6 is a rectangular notch. The length of the drainage hole 6 is 0.5-1 cm and the width is 0.4-0.8 cm. The lower wide side of the drainage hole 6 is an opening on the lower edge of the side wall of the lower support cylinder 8, forming a notch.

[0008] The method and apparatus for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil involve first laying a layer of corn stalks, 20-50 cm thick and 10-20 meters wide, along the terrain from high to low in an east-west or north-south direction on the surface of the saline-alkali land to be cultivated. Then, coal ash is covered and compacted on top of the corn stalks, with a coal ash layer 10-20 cm thick. Next, the saline-alkali land is raised using mechanical equipment. This is done by digging trenches and piling the excavated soil onto the adjacent coal ash layer. The trenches have an inverted trapezoidal cross-section, with an upper opening width of 3-7 meters, a depth of 1-3 meters, and a slope of 45°. The upper surface of the raised soil layer is leveled using a bulldozer, and then mechanically ridged. The width of the raised bed is 20-30 cm, and the soybeans are planted in the center of the raised bed surface. When planting soybeans, first use a Luoyang shovel to dig pits at equal intervals in the center of the raised bed surface. The pits are cylindrical, with a diameter of 5-10 cm and a height of 10-20 cm. Pull out the telescopic part 15 of the planting cylinder, and then insert the planting cylinder 1, which is equipped with planting blocks 2 and support platforms 3, into the pit. Sow one soybean seed in the seeding trough 19. Then pour fresh water into the planting cylinder 1, pouring 10-50 ml of fresh water into each planting cylinder 1, so that the planting blocks 2 absorb water and expand, wetting the planting blocks 2. The planting blocks 2 gradually fill the upper part of the planting cylinder cavity 16, and the soybean seeds can grow and develop on the planting blocks 2.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The method and apparatus for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil utilize highly fertile, nutrient-rich planting blocks as the substrate for soybean growth. An outer planting cylinder isolates the planting blocks from the surrounding saline-alkali soil, preventing salinization and facilitating soybean cultivation. Simultaneously, a support platform is installed between the planting blocks and the planting cylinder. Moisture in the saline-alkali soil below the planting cylinder, due to temperature changes caused by sunlight exposure, accumulates as water vapor on the inner surface of the support platform, condenses into water droplets, and flows down the inner surface of the support platform. This water then flows through drainage holes into the side cavity of the support platform, ensuring humidity below the planting blocks. Ultimately, this achieves the goal of allowing soybeans to grow freely on the planting blocks within the planting cylinder, enabling soybean cultivation even in saline-alkali soil. The method and apparatus for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil are simple to manufacture, highly operable, low in cost, and highly effective. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the method and apparatus for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil according to the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the planting block in the method and apparatus for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil according to the present invention.

[0013] In the diagram: 1. Planting cylinder, 2. Planting block, 3. Support platform, 4. Bottom hole of the cylinder, 5. Bottom of the cylinder, 6. Drainage hole, 7. Edge of the bottom hole of the cylinder, 8. Lower cylinder of the support platform, 9. Side cavity of the support platform, 10. Upper cylinder of the support platform, 11. Planting block fixing groove, 12. Lower part of the planting block, 13. Upper part of the planting block, 14. Top of the planting cylinder, 15. Telescopic part of the planting cylinder, 16. Cavity of the planting cylinder, 17. Inner fold of the telescopic part, 18. Wall of the planting cylinder, 19. Seeding groove, 20. Opening of the planting block fixing groove, 21. Lower part of the planting cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0014] Example 1:

[0015] As shown in the figure, the method and apparatus for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil of the present invention consists of a planting cylinder 1, a planting block 2, a support platform 3, a bottom hole 4, a bottom of the cylinder 5, a water outlet 6, a bottom hole edge 7, a lower cylinder of the support platform 8, a side cavity of the support platform 9, an upper cylinder of the support platform 10, a planting block fixing groove 11, a lower part of the planting block 12, an upper part of the planting block 13, a top of the planting cylinder 14, a telescopic part of the planting cylinder 15, a cavity of the planting cylinder 16, an inner fold of the telescopic part 17, a wall of the planting cylinder 18, a seeding groove 19, a fixing groove opening for the planting block 20, and a lower part of the planting cylinder 21. The planting cylinder 1 is used to hold the planting blocks 2. After soybean seeds are sown in the seed trough 19, they germinate and grow into plants, eventually producing pods, thus achieving the goal of planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil. The planting cylinder 1 is cylindrical in shape, with a diameter of 5-10 cm and a height of 10-20 cm. The planting cylinder 1 has no top bottom. A retractable planting cylinder telescopic section 15 is provided in the upper middle part of the side wall of the planting cylinder 1. The inner diameter of the planting cylinder telescopic section 15 is 5-10 cm and the outer diameter is 7-15 cm. When pressed down, the planting cylinder telescopic section 15 is stacked together, reducing the overall length of the planting cylinder 1 for easy storage and transportation. The inward protruding part forms the telescopic section inner fold 17. When pulled up, the telescopic section inner fold 17 tends to flatten, increasing the overall length of the planting cylinder 1 to better hold the planting blocks 2 that have expanded after watering. The top of the planting cylinder telescopic section 15 is the top of the planting cylinder 1. 4. Below the telescopic part 15 of the planting cylinder is the lower part 21 of the planting cylinder. The bottom wall of the planting cylinder 1 is the bottom 5 of the cylinder. A circular hole is set in the center of the bottom 5 of the cylinder, called the bottom hole 4 of the cylinder. The bottom hole 4 of the cylinder is the channel for water vapor to enter the planting cylinder cavity 16 or for the roots of soybeans to extend out of the planting cylinder 1 after they have grown to a certain extent. The diameter of the bottom hole 4 of the cylinder is 2-5 cm. A cylinder is set into the planting cylinder cavity 16 around the bottom hole 4 of the cylinder, called the bottom hole edge 7 of the cylinder. The inner diameter of the bottom hole edge 7 of the cylinder is 2-5 cm and the height is 1-2 cm. The lower edge of the bottom hole edge 7 of the cylinder is connected to the periphery of the bottom hole 4 of the cylinder to form a whole. There are no gaps at the connection, so that once water droplets accumulate on the bottom 5 of the cylinder, a water trough will be formed on the upper surface of the bottom 5 of the cylinder, which will retain a certain amount of water to ensure that there is always a certain humidity under the planting block 2. The side wall of the planting cylinder 1 and the bottom 5 of the cylinder together form the planting cylinder wall 18 of the planting cylinder. The thickness of the planting cylinder wall 18 is 0.5-1 mm thick, made of starch-based hydrodegradable plastic blended from starch with ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, etc., it is a blended starch plastic with a high starch content, accounting for 30-60% of the total. It is completely degradable, ensuring that the planting cylinder 1 will completely decompose after planting in the same year, without causing secondary pollution. The cavity enclosed by the planting cylinder wall 18 is the planting cylinder cavity 16. The planting cylinder cavity 16 is equipped with planting blocks 2 and support platforms 3. During installation, the support platform cylinder 10 of the support platform 3 is first inserted from the planting cylinder. The planting block fixing slot 20 is inserted into the planting block fixing slot 11, connecting the planting block 2 and the support platform 3 together. Then, the two are inserted into the planting cylinder cavity 16 from the upper opening of the planting cylinder 1. With the help of gravity, the support platform 3 slides down to the inner surface of the cylinder bottom 5. The support platform lower cylinder 8 of the support platform 3 stands above the inner surface of the cylinder bottom 5 at the bottom hole edge 7 and the center of the side wall of the planting cylinder 1, supporting the planting block 2 1-5 cm away from the upper surface of the cylinder bottom 5, thus ensuring that the planting block 2 does not come into direct contact with the saline-alkali soil outside the planting cylinder 1. Planting block 2 is the culture medium for planting soybeans. It is pressed into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 4.9-9.5 cm and a height of 5-10 cm. After being placed in the pit of saline-alkali soil along with planting cylinder 1, 10-50 ml of fresh water is poured in. Planting block 2 will expand. Due to the restriction of the surrounding planting cylinder wall 18, the expanded planting block 2 will spread upward and fill the entire planting cylinder cavity 16. Planting block 2 is composed of animal manure, Vibrio parahaemolyticus agent, corn straw powder, high cellulose decomposing active bacteria agent, and soil. The content ratio of the five components is: 60-75%: 0.5-1%: 15-20%: 0.5-1%; 3-24%; among which, animal manure is pig manure, chicken manure, sheep manure, or cow manure, which is a dry product with a moisture content of less than 20% after being decomposed and fermented. It is in powder form and can provide relatively sufficient fertilizer for soybean growth; halophilic bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vibrio parahaemolyticus) The parahaemolyticus agent is used to prevent saltwater from flowing back into planting block 2 due to rain or other reasons, which could cause excessive salt content in planting block 2 and affect soybean growth. In this case, Vibrio parahaemolyticus can utilize the salt to multiply rapidly, consuming some of the salt and reducing the salt content of the soybean growth substrate to a tolerable range, thus ensuring successful soybean cultivation in saline-alkali soil. Corn stalk powder is an organic matter carrier that, under the action of a high-cellulose-decomposing active bacterial agent within planting block 2, can be decomposed into organic matter usable by soybeans. This high-cellulose-decomposing active bacterial agent is made from Ivanella bacteria, which has high cellulose-decomposing activity. Its function is to decompose the cellulose in animal manure and corn stalks into organic matter for soybean growth. The soil is sterilized at high temperatures and can be sourced locally, using soil that producers can obtain nearby. When making planting block 2, first... The raw materials are mixed evenly in a mixer, then poured into a special mold for compaction. The resulting substrate block is the planting block 2. The planting block 2 has a cylindrical groove at the center of its bottom, called the planting block fixing groove 11. The diameter of the planting block fixing groove 11 is 3-6 cm, and its depth is 2-5 cm. The opening at the bottom of the planting block fixing groove 11 is called the planting block fixing groove opening 20. During installation, the support platform cylinder 10 is inserted into the planting block fixing groove 11 through the planting block fixing groove opening 20, thereby fixing the support platform 3 below the planting block 2. The part of the planting block 2 with the planting block fixing groove 11 is called the lower part 12 of the planting block, and the part above the lower part 12 is called the upper part 13 of the planting block. The lower part 12 and the upper part 13 have the same outer diameter. A hemispherical groove, called the seeding groove 19, is set in the center of the upper surface of the planting block 2. The diameter of the seeding groove 19 is 1.5-2 cm.After the planting block 2 is placed in the pit of the saline-alkali soil along with the planting cylinder 1, 5 cm apart, a soybean seed is sown in the seeding trough 19. Then, fresh water is poured into the planting cylinder 1. As the water is poured in, the soybean seed absorbs water and swells, gradually adhering to the inner wall of the seeding trough 19, slowly absorbing water and growing. The support platform 3 supports the planting block 2 a distance away from the bottom 5 of the cylinder, separating the planting block 2 from the saline-alkali soil surrounding the planting cylinder 1, preventing the planting block 2 from becoming saline-alkali and facilitating soybean planting. Simultaneously, the moisture in the saline-alkali soil below the planting cylinder 1, due to temperature changes caused by sunlight exposure, accumulates as water vapor on the inner surface of the support platform 3, condenses into water droplets, flows down the inner surface of the support platform 3, and then flows through the drainage hole 6 into the side cavity 9 of the support platform, ensuring humidity below the planting block 2 and ultimately providing water for soybean growth. The support platform 3 consists of the drainage hole 6, the lower support cylinder 8, and the upper support cylinder 10, with the upper cylinder 10 being the upper part of the support platform 3. Located at the center of the upper surface above the lower cylinder 8 of the support platform, the upper cylinder 10 of the support platform has a diameter of 2.9-5.8 cm and a depth of 2-5 cm; the lower cylinder 8 of the support platform is the lower half of the support platform 3, with a diameter of 4-8 cm and a height of 1-5 cm. The planting cavity 16 on the outer side of the lower cylinder 8 of the support platform is called the side cavity 9 of the support platform; 6-8 drainage holes 6 are evenly spaced on the lower part of the side wall of the lower cylinder 8 of the support platform. Each drainage hole 6 is a rectangular notch with a length of 0.5-1 cm and a width of 0.4-0.8 cm. The lower wide side of the drainage hole 6 is an opening on the lower edge of the side wall of the lower cylinder 8 of the support platform, forming a notch. The method and equipment for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil involves first laying a layer of corn stalks, 20-50 cm thick and 10-20 meters wide, along the terrain from high to low in an east-west or north-south direction on the surface of the saline-alkali land to be cultivated. Then, cover and compact the corn stalks with coal ash, a layer 10-20 cm thick. Next, raise the saline-alkali land using mechanical equipment. This is done by digging trenches and piling the excavated soil onto the adjacent coal ash layer. The trenches have an inverted trapezoidal cross-section, with an upper opening width of 3-7 meters, a depth of 1-3 meters, and a slope of 45°. The surface of the raised soil layer is then leveled with a bulldozer, and mechanical ridging is used. The ridges are 20-30 cm wide, and soybeans are planted in the center of the ridge surface. To plant soybeans, first use a Luoyang shovel to dig evenly spaced pits in the center of the ridge surface. These pits are cylindrical, 5-10 cm in diameter and 10-20 cm high. Extend the telescopic part 15 of the planting cylinder and immediately insert the planting cylinder 1, which contains the planting block 2 and support platform 3, into the pit. Sow one soybean seed in the seeding trough 19. Then, pour 10-50 ml of fresh water into each planting cylinder 1, causing the planting block 2 to absorb water and expand, thus wetting the planting block 2. The planting block 2 gradually fills the upper part of the planting cylinder cavity 16, allowing the soybean seed to grow and develop on the planting block 2.

[0016] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil, comprising a planting cylinder (1), a planting block (2), and a support platform (3), characterized in that: The planting tube (1) is cylindrical in shape, with a diameter of 5-10 cm and a height of 10-20 cm. The planting tube (1) has no top bottom. A retractable planting tube extension part (15) is provided in the upper middle part of the side wall of the planting tube (1). The inner diameter of the planting tube extension part (15) is 5-10 cm and the outer diameter is 7-15 cm. The top of the planting tube extension part (15) is the top of the planting tube (14), and the bottom of the planting tube extension part (15) is the lower part of the planting tube (21). The bottom wall of the planting tube (1) is the bottom of the tube (5). A circular hole is provided in the center of the bottom of the tube (5), called the bottom hole (4). The diameter of the bottom hole (4) is 2-5 cm. A cylinder is provided around the bottom hole (4) into the planting tube cavity (16), called the bottom hole edge (7). The inner diameter of the bottom hole edge (7) is 2-5 cm and the height is 1-2 cm. The bottom hole edge (7) is located at the bottom of the tube. The rim of the tube and the periphery of the bottom hole (4) are connected together to form a whole, with no gaps at the connection; the side wall and the bottom (5) of the planting tube (1) together form the planting tube wall (18), the thickness of the planting tube wall (18) is 0.5-1 mm, and it is made of starch-based hydrodegradable plastic made of starch, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol; the cavity enclosed by the planting tube wall (18) is the planting tube cavity (16), and the planting block (2) and the support platform (3) are set in the planting tube cavity (16); the planting block (2) of the device for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil is the culture medium for planting soybeans, which is pressed into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 4.9-9.5 cm and a height of 5-10 cm. After being placed in the pit of saline-alkali soil with the planting tube (1), 10-50 ml of fresh water is poured in; the planting block (2) is made of animal feces and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The composition of the plant block (2) is as follows: 60-75% parahaemolyticus agent, corn straw powder, high cellulose decomposing active bacteria agent, and soil. The content ratio of the five components is 60-75% : 0.5-1% : 15-20% : 0.5-1% : 3-24%. The planting block (2) has a cylindrical groove at the bottom center, called the planting block fixing groove (11). The diameter of the planting block fixing groove (11) is 3-6 cm and the depth is 2-5 cm. The lower end of the planting block fixing groove (11) The opening is called the planting block fixing groove (20); the part inside the planting block (2) with the planting block fixing groove (11) is called the lower part of the planting block (12), and the part above the lower part of the planting block (12) is called the upper part of the planting block (13). The outer diameters of the lower part of the planting block (12) and the upper part of the planting block (13) are the same; a hemispherical groove is set in the center of the upper surface of the planting block (2), which is called the spot planting groove (19). The diameter of the spot planting groove (19) is 1.5-2.5 cm.

2. The apparatus for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support platform (3) consists of a water outlet (6), a lower support cylinder (8), and an upper support cylinder (10). The upper support cylinder (10) is the upper part of the support platform (3), located at the center of the upper surface above the lower support cylinder (8). The diameter of the upper support cylinder (10) is 2.9-5.8 cm and the depth is 2-5 cm. The lower support cylinder (8) is the lower part of the support platform (3). The diameter of the lower support cylinder (8) is 4-8 cm and the height is... The planting cavity (16) on the outer side of the lower cylinder (8) of the support platform is called the side cavity (9) of the support platform. There are 6-8 water holes (6) at equal intervals on the lower side wall of the lower cylinder (8). Each water hole (6) is a rectangular notch. The length of the water hole (6) is 0.5-1 cm and the width is 0.4-0.8 cm. The lower wide side of the water hole (6) is the opening on the lower edge of the side wall of the lower cylinder (8) of the support platform, forming a notch.

3. The apparatus for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: When using the aforementioned device for planting soybeans in saline-alkali soil, firstly, along the terrain from high to low in an east-west or north-south direction, lay a layer of corn stalks 20-50 cm thick and 10-20 meters wide on the surface of the saline-alkali land to be cultivated. Then, cover and compact the corn stalks with coal ash, with a coal ash layer 10-20 cm thick. Next, raise the saline-alkali land using mechanical equipment. The raising method involves digging trenches and piling the excavated soil onto the adjacent coal ash layer. The cross-section of the trench is an inverted trapezoid, with a top width of 3-7 meters, a depth of 1-3 meters, and a slope of 45°. The upper surface of the raised soil layer is leveled with a bulldozer, and then mechanically ridged, with the ridging width being 20-30 cm. Soybeans are planted in the center of the ridge surface. When planting soybeans, first use a Luoyang shovel to dig pits at equal intervals in the center of the ridge surface. The pits are cylindrical with a diameter of 5-10 cm and a height of 10-20 cm. Pull open the telescopic part (15) of the planting cylinder and then insert the planting cylinder (1) with the planting block (2) and support platform (3) into the pit. Sow one soybean seed in the seeding trough (19). Then pour fresh water into the planting cylinder (1). Pour 10-50 ml of fresh water into each planting cylinder (1) so that the planting block (2) absorbs water and expands, wetting the planting block (2). The planting block (2) gradually fills the upper part of the planting cylinder cavity (16), and the soybean seed can grow and develop on the planting block (2).

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