A method for collaborative treatment of environmental pollution and ecological destruction in a mining area

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of mine area environmental pollution and ecological destruction collaborative management method, comprising the following steps: step 1, the accumulated water in the polluted mine area land is pumped out, and then ploughing is carried out after soil repair agent is thrown on the polluted mine area land;Step 2, laying base material on the polluted mine area land, the lower frame of complex repair ecological net is laid and solid material, microbial compound agent, soil material are sequentially laid;Step 3, the upper frame of complex repair ecological net is docked with the lower frame of complex repair ecological net, the polluted mine area land is sprayed and applied nutrient agent;Step 4, after 30-45 days of treatment, grass seeds are scattered into the polluted mine area land, after grass seeds germinate, the upper frame of complex repair ecological net is removed, and trees are planted, and the collaborative management of mine area environmental pollution and ecological destruction is completed.The application can fundamentally solve the pollution problem of mine area environment, and the ecological environment of mine area is effectively recovered.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of environmental remediation, in particular to a method for co-controlling environmental pollution and ecological damage in a mining area. BACKGROUND

[0002] After years of mining, the original organic soil layer and surface vegetation in the mining area are severely damaged, which leads to water and soil loss, land desertification and environmental cumulative pollution, and easily induces disasters such as landslides, collapses, mudslides and water pollution.

[0003] The pollution of soil in the mining area is mainly heavy metal pollution. At present, the methods for controlling heavy metal pollution of soil include fixation / stabilization remediation, removal and isolation, etc. Ecological remediation in the mining area mainly focuses on mine geological environment control, land reclamation / vegetation restoration, water and soil loss control, etc. However, most of them are still at the stage of landscape remediation mainly based on visual control, and the pollution control belongs to the type of after-treatment remediation, and the whole ecological environment element remediation from end control to process and source extension has not been realized. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for co-controlling environmental pollution and ecological damage in a mining area.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a method for co-controlling environmental pollution and ecological damage in a mining area, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: pumping out the accumulated water in the contaminated land in the mining area, and then applying a soil remediation agent to the contaminated land in the mining area at an amount of 200-700 kg / mu, followed by plowing to a depth of 10-20 cm, and then using a bulldozer to flatten the contaminated land in the mining area;

[0007] Step 2: evenly laying a base material on the contaminated land in the mining area at an amount of 700-1200 kg / mu, and then fixing the lower frame of the compound remediation ecological net on the contaminated land in the mining area with the base material laid, and then sequentially laying a solid material at an amount of 1500-1800 kg / mu, applying a microbial composite agent at an amount of 200-300 kg / mu, and evenly laying a soil material at an amount of 2000-2500 kg / mu from bottom to top;

[0008] Step 3: butting the upper frame of the compound remediation ecological net against the lower frame of the compound remediation ecological net, using the upper frame of the compound remediation ecological net to spray water on the contaminated land in the mining area, with a single spraying amount of 5-8 m 3 / mu; and using the lower frame of the compound remediation ecological net to apply a nutrient agent to the contaminated land in the mining area, with a single application amount of 600-800 L / mu;

[0009] Step 4, after 30-45 days of the treatment in step 3, grass seeds are scattered on the contaminated land of the mining area, the upper frame of the compound remediation ecological network is used to spray water on the contaminated land of the mining area, the single spraying amount is 1-2m 3 / acre, after the grass seeds germinate, the upper frame of the compound remediation ecological network is removed, and trees are planted, and the collaborative treatment of environmental pollution and ecological damage in the mining area is completed.

[0010] Further, the thickness of the solid material should cover the lower frame of the compound remediation ecological network, and the top of the soil material is 10-15cm away from the upper frame of the compound remediation ecological network, and the water spraying of the upper frame and the supplement of the lower frame are controlled by the water content change of the sponge block of the compound remediation ecological network.

[0011] Description: By making the thickness of the solid material cover the lower frame, the compound remediation ecological network can be placed more stably on the contaminated land of the mining area, and the stability of the compound remediation ecological network is strengthened by the branches of the liquid supplement pipe; in order to improve the water spraying effect of the compound remediation ecological network, it is most suitable to set the upper frame at a distance of 10-15cm from the top of the soil material, which can effectively realize the water spraying operation of the compound remediation ecological network on the contaminated land of the mining area.

[0012] And the present application can adapt the liquid supplement and water spraying to the current contaminated land of the mining area according to the actual natural environment by combining the automatic liquid supplement and water spraying operation of the compound remediation ecological network, and this process does not need manual intervention, and the electric element is less, energy-saving and environment-friendly, and the failure rate is low, which can fully meet the demand of the collaborative treatment method of environmental pollution and ecological damage in the mining area.

[0013] Further, the base material is a ground powder material mixed by any one or more of straw, peanut shell and corn cob in any ratio.

[0014] Description: By using straw, peanut shell and corn cob, these agricultural wastes can be utilized, and sufficient raw materials can be provided for the base layer of the contaminated land of the mining area, which can improve the flatness of the contaminated land of the mining area and promote the repair of environmental pollution and ecological governance recovery in the mining area.

[0015] Further, the solid material is sludge produced after wastewater treatment of the accumulated water in step 1, and river mud is used to make up when the amount of sludge is insufficient.

[0016] Description: By using the sludge produced after water accumulation treatment as a base material, and then using river mud to supplement it, the waste resources produced after water accumulation treatment can be fully utilized, and the method for simultaneously treating ecological damage can be used to perform secondary repair treatment on the sludge, so that it can be reused as base soil for the planting of grass and trees. By using solid material, the stability of the setting of the complex repair ecological network can be strengthened, and the complex repair ecological network can be used to strengthen the polluted mining area land and prevent landslides.

[0017] Further, the soil material is a mixed soil material mixed by clay soil and loam soil at a mass ratio of 1:3-5.

[0018] Description: Clay soil has the characteristics of low sand content, fine particles, slow water seepage speed, good water retention performance, and poor ventilation performance. The soil particles of loam soil are moderate, the texture is between clay soil and sandy soil, it is ventilated and permeable, it has good water and heat retention performance, and it has strong resistance. Based on the characteristics of clay soil and loam soil, the clay soil and loam soil are mixed in the above-mentioned proportion, which can make the mixed soil material have good ventilation and water permeability, delay the water seepage speed, improve the water retention performance, and thus optimize the effect of the method for simultaneously treating environmental pollution and ecological damage in the mining area.

[0019] Further, the microbial composite agent is mixed by mixing bacteria powder and biochar particles at a mass ratio of 0.8-1.5:1,

[0020] The specific method for mixing is: mix the mixed bacteria powder and sol to obtain a mixture, then add the biochar particles to the mixture and stir to coat, then take out the biochar particles and air dry at room temperature, then add them to the mixture again and stir to coat, and repeat this operation until the mixture is completely used.

[0021] The mixed bacteria powder is composed of Haafnia alvei, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus subtilis at a mass ratio of 1:2-3:5-7; and the sol is composed of 1-4% sodium alginate, 0.3-0.8% carbomer, and the balance of deionized water.

[0022] Description: By using the above-mentioned mixed bacteria powder and based on the sol and biochar particles for multi-layer coating, long-term and continuous supply of bacteria can be provided for the polluted mining area land, and compared with only using biochar to immobilize mixed bacteria, the use of sol multi-layer coating can significantly improve the loading capacity of bacteria powder and improve the use effect of the microbial composite agent.

[0023] Further, the nutrient agent is used by diluting the commercially available composite carbon source nutrient solution by 2-5 times, and the dilution liquid is mixed by 2-5% ethanol and the balance of deionized water.

[0024] Description: By using dilution liquid for dilution, the ecological damage control effect can be guaranteed. At the same time, due to the barren land in the mining area and the large amount of nutrient agent, the economic cost can be significantly reduced by using dilution treatment, and the imbalance of land nutrients in the mining area caused by excessive application of composite carbon source can be avoided. And by containing a certain amount of ethanol in the dilution liquid, it can cooperate with the microbial composite agent to promote the decomposition of carbomer and improve the use effect of the microbial composite agent.

[0025] Further, the grass seeds are one or more of Chinese wildrye, weeping lovegrass, and mountain grass.

[0026] Description: By planting the above-mentioned grass seeds, natural disasters such as landslides in the contaminated mining area can be prevented, and at the same time, it has a certain aesthetic appearance. These grass seeds are easy to survive, can cover the soil layer with grass seeds, slow down the soil heat absorption and release, and improve the decomposition of soil organic matter.

[0027] Further, the trees are one or more of black locust, sand willow, conifer, Chinese arborvitae, and Chinese pine.

[0028] Description: By planting the above-mentioned trees, the water balance of the soil can be maintained, thereby slowing down the water flow speed, reducing water evaporation, being conducive to the retention of water in the soil, and reducing the damage of wind and sand to the mining area. At the same time, it also has a certain aesthetic appearance, and maintains biodiversity and ecological balance.

[0029] Further, the complex repair ecological net is composed of an upper frame and a lower frame connected by a connecting column, and the lower frame is made of biodegradable plastic.

[0030] The upper frame and the lower frame are both provided with a grid, and the grid intersections of the upper frame and the grid intersections of the lower frame one-to-one correspond and are connected by one connecting column, the upper end of the connecting column is fixedly connected with the upper frame, and the lower end of the connecting column is connected with the plug-in hole provided on the lower frame.

[0031] The connecting column is hollow, and a load plate that can slide up and down is arranged in the connecting column, a sponge block for water absorption and counterweight is arranged on the load plate, the load plate is connected with a liquid bag arranged on the inner bottom surface of the connecting column, and a spring fixedly connected with the inner top surface of the connecting column is arranged on the load plate; a liquid inlet with a one-way valve and a plurality of liquid outlets with one-way valves are arranged on the liquid bag, the liquid outlets penetrate through the connecting column and are in communication with the liquid supplement pipe of the lower frame, and the liquid inlet is in communication with the nutrient agent tank through a pipeline, and the liquid supplement pipe has a plurality of branch pipes inserted into the base material.

[0032] The upper layer frame body is provided with a trigger connecting pipe for cooperating with the sponge block to open the water spraying, and the top of the connecting column is provided with a top pin for cooperating with the trigger connecting pipe; the trigger connecting pipe is composed of an outer pipe and a guide pipe slidingly arranged in the outer pipe; the upper end of the top pin is in contact with the guide pipe, and the lower end of the top pin extends into the connecting column for pushing the sponge block to push the top pin upward to connect the trigger connecting pipe; the side wall of the outer pipe is in communication with the water distribution pipe of the upper layer frame body, and the outer pipe is in communication with the booster water tank through a pipeline; the water distribution pipe is provided with a plurality of water spraying holes for spraying water to the soil material;

[0033] The upper end and the lower end of the sponge block are both provided with support plates, and the two support plates are fixedly connected through a center rod; the side wall of the connecting column is provided with a plurality of air permeable holes for volatilizing water in the sponge block, and the side wall of the connecting column is slidingly provided with a dial plate for controlling the opening number of the air permeable holes; and the connecting column is coated with a coating with strong heat absorption performance.

[0034] Description: By adopting the structure design of the upper and lower layer frame bodies, adaptability adjustment can be performed in different use stages, for example, the lower layer frame body can be pre-buried, and the upper layer frame body can be additionally installed; through such a setting, the demand of the mine area environment pollution and ecological damage collaborative treatment method of the present application can be well met, and the use demand of water spraying, nutrient solution supply and soil fixation protection can be met.

[0035] Through the action of the sponge block, the current mine area land water content can be monitored and controlled; by using the gravity change generated by the water absorption and evaporation of the sponge block, the mine area land can be automatically sprayed with water and supplied with nutrient solution; such a setting can be naturally adjusted according to the current environment; for setting fixed parameters, if weather changes occur, such as strong sunlight and abundant rainfall, if pre-set parameters are used for spraying water and supplying nutrient solution, the nutrient solution and the sprayed water may be excessive.

[0036] Meanwhile, by using the liquid capsule to cooperate with the upward and downward movement of the sponge block, the nutrient agent can be quantitatively delivered to the liquid supplement pipe without increasing the liquid pump; the nutrient agent is supplemented to the mine area land through the liquid supplement pipe, the setting of the power supply component is reduced, and thus the application in more complex and harsh mine area land restoration can be met.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0038] (1) The mine area environment pollution and ecological damage collaborative treatment method of the present application can simultaneously repair the mine area ecological environment while preventing and treating the mine area pollution, can fundamentally solve the pollution problem of the mine area environment, and can effectively restore the mine area ecological environment.

[0039] (2) The invention also provides a structure of the complex repair ecological network for the method of collaborative governance of mining area environmental pollution and ecological destruction, through the function of the sponge block, the current land water content in the mining area is monitored and controlled, the gravity change caused by the water absorption and evaporation of the sponge block can automatically supply and supplement the spraying water and nutrient solution to the land in the mining area, and the natural adjustment can be made according to the current environment in the mining area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of collaborative governance of mining area environmental pollution and ecological destruction of the invention.

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the complex repair ecological network of the invention;

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the upper frame structure of the complex repair ecological network of the invention;

[0043] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the lower frame structure of the complex repair ecological network of the invention;

[0044] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connecting column of the complex repair ecological network of the invention;

[0045] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the trigger connection pipe structure of the complex repair ecological network of the invention;

[0046] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the catheter structure of the trigger connection pipe of the invention;

[0047] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure of the sponge block of the invention;

[0048] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the liquid supplement pipe structure of the lower frame of the invention;

[0049] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the water distribution pipe structure of the upper frame of the invention;

[0050] Figure 11 is a layout diagram of the complex repair ecological network of the invention;

[0051] Among them, 1 is the complex repair ecological network, 11 is the upper frame, 12 is the lower frame, 13 is the plug-in hole, 14 is the trigger connection pipe, 141 is the outer pipe, 142 is the catheter, 2 is the connecting column, 21 is the carrier plate, 22 is the sponge block, 23 is the liquid bag, 24 is the spring, 25 is the thimble, 26 is the air hole, 27 is the push plate, 28 is the liquid supplement pipe, and 29 is the water distribution pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiments so as to better reflect the advantages of the application.

[0053] Embodiment 1: A method for co-controlling environmental pollution and ecological destruction in a mining area, as shown in the figure, comprising the following steps: Figure 1

[0054] Step 1: Pump out the accumulated water in the contaminated land of the mining area, and then spread the soil repair agent on the contaminated land of the mining area at a rate of 580 kg / mu, and then plow to a depth of 15 cm, and then use a bulldozer to flatten the contaminated land of the mining area; It can be understood that the soil repair agent is haxt-21-20 soil conditioner produced by Huai'an Xutian, but it is not limited to this kind of soil repair agent, and other similar soil repair agents on the market can also be used;

[0055] Step 2: Spread the base material on the contaminated land of the mining area at a rate of 1100 kg / mu, and then fix the lower frame 12 of the compound repair ecological net 1 on the contaminated land of the mining area with the base material, and then spread the solid material at a rate of 1650 kg / mu, spread the microbial composite agent at a rate of 260 kg / mu, and spread the soil material at a rate of 2380 kg / mu from bottom to top.

[0056] The base material is a powder material ground from straw, peanut shells and corn cobs in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; the solid material is sludge produced after the accumulated water pumped out in step 1 is treated; the soil material is mixed soil material mixed from clay and loam in a mass ratio of 2:7; the microbial composite agent is mixed from mixed bacteria powder and biochar particles in a mass ratio of 6:5, and the specific method of mixing is: mix the mixed bacteria powder and sol to get a mixture, then add the biochar particles to the mixture and stir to coat, then take out the biochar particles and air dry at room temperature, add them to the mixture again and stir to coat, repeat this operation until the mixture is completely used; the mixed bacteria powder is composed of Haifang Hafnia, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 2:5:12; the sol is mixed from 3.7% sodium alginate, 0.5% carbomer and the rest deionized water; it can be understood that Haifang Hafnia, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis are purchased from the market, sodium alginate is commercially available sodium alginate, carbomer is commercially available Carbopol 940, and biochar particles are crushed granular materials obtained by pyrolysis of air-dried agricultural and forestry wastes at 600°C for 3h.

[0057] The thickness of the solid material should cover the lower frame 12 of the compound repair ecological net 1, and the top of the soil material is 12 cm away from the upper frame 11 of the compound repair ecological net 1. ​

[0058] Step 3: Connect the upper frame 11 of the composite remediation ecological net 1 to the lower frame 12 of the composite remediation ecological net 1. Use the upper frame 11 of the composite remediation ecological net 1 to spray water onto the contaminated mining area, with a single spray volume of 7m³. 3 / mu; Nutrients are applied to the contaminated mining area land using the lower frame 12 of the compound restoration ecological network 1, with a single application amount of 750L / mu;

[0059] The water spraying of the upper frame 11 and the replenishment of the lower frame 12 are controlled by the change in the water content of the sponge blocks 22 of the compound restoration ecological net 1; the nutrient is a composite carbon source nutrient solution from Henan Jiuyuan Environmental Protection, diluted 4 times with a diluent, which is a mixture of 4.5% ethanol and the remainder deionized water by mass percentage.

[0060] Step 4: 42 days after the treatment in Step 3, sow grass seeds into the contaminated mining area and spray water onto the contaminated mining area using the upper frame 11 of the composite remediation ecological net 1, with a single spray volume of 1.5m³. 3 / mu, after the grass seeds germinate, remove the upper frame 11 of the compound restoration ecological net 1, and plant trees to complete the coordinated governance of environmental pollution and ecological damage in the mining area;

[0061] The grass species are sheep grass and foxtail grass; the trees are black locust and sand willow; and the planting quantity is distributed evenly.

[0062] Example 2: This example provides a complex restoration ecological network 1 applicable to the collaborative governance method for mining area environmental pollution and ecological damage in Example 1, such as... Figures 2-4 As shown, the compound restoration ecological network 1 consists of an upper frame 11 and a lower frame 12 connected by connecting posts 2. Specifically, the connecting posts 2 are bonded to the upper frame 11, and the connecting posts 2 are nested and snapped into the insertion holes 13 of the lower frame 12. The lower frame 12 is made of commercially available biodegradable plastic.

[0063] Both the upper frame 11 and the lower frame 12 are provided with grids, and the grid intersections of the upper frame 11 and the grid intersections of the lower frame 12 correspond one-to-one and are connected by a connecting post 2. The upper end of the connecting post 2 is fixedly connected to the upper frame 11, and the lower end of the connecting post 2 is connected to the insertion hole 13 provided on the lower frame 12.

[0064] like Figure 5As shown, the connecting column 2 is hollow inside, and the connecting column 2 is provided with a load plate 21 which can slide up and down, the load plate 21 is provided with a sponge block 22 for water absorption and counterweight, the load plate 21 is connected with a liquid bag 23 provided on the inner bottom surface of the connecting column 2, and the load plate 21 is provided with a spring 24 fixedly connected with the inner top surface of the connecting column 2; the liquid bag 23 is provided with an inlet with a one-way valve (one-way liquid inlet) and four outlets with one-way valves (one-way liquid outlet), the outlets penetrate through the connecting column 2 and are communicated with the liquid supplement pipe 28 of the lower frame 12, and the inlet is communicated with the nutrient agent tank through a pipeline, as shown in Figure 9 As shown, the liquid supplement pipe 28 has a plurality of branch pipes inserted into the base material;

[0065] As shown in Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the upper frame 11 is provided with a trigger connecting pipe 14 for opening the water spray by matching the upward movement of the sponge block 22, and the connecting column 2 is provided with a top pin 25 for matching the trigger connecting pipe 14, the trigger connecting pipe 14 is composed of an outer pipe 141 and a guide pipe 142 which is slidingly and sealingly arranged in the outer pipe 141, the upper end of the top pin 25 is in contact with the guide pipe 142, and the lower end of the top pin 25 extends into the connecting column 2, so as to make the guide pipe 142 move upward to connect the trigger connecting pipe 14 by pushing the top pin 25 upward with the sponge block 22, the side wall of the outer pipe 141 is communicated with the water distribution pipe 29 of the upper frame 11, and the outer pipe 141 is communicated with the booster water tank through a pipeline, as shown in Figure 10 As shown, the water distribution pipe 29 has a plurality of water spray holes for water spraying on the soil material;

[0066] As shown in Figure 8 As shown, the upper end and the lower end of the sponge block 22 are provided with support plates, and the two support plates are fixedly connected by a center rod, and the sponge block 22 is made of commercially available phenolic plastic foamed water-absorbing sponge, but is not limited to this kind of sponge material, and the commercially available similar sponge products can be used; as shown in Figure 9 As shown, the side wall of the connecting column 2 is provided with a plurality of air holes 26 for volatilizing water in the sponge block 22, and the side wall of the connecting column 2 is slidingly provided with a dial plate 27 for controlling the number of air holes 26 opened, and the connecting column 2 is coated with a coating with strong heat absorption performance, such as black chromium coating.

[0067] The use method of the above-mentioned compound ecological restoration net 1 is that the compound ecological restoration net 1 is composed of a plurality of 2m*2m squares, as shown in Figure 11 As shown, then the booster water tank is threadedly and sealingly connected with the trigger connecting pipe 14 of each compound ecological restoration net 1 through the pipelines, and the nutrient agent tank is arranged at the center top of the upper frame 11 of each compound ecological restoration net 1, and is communicated with the liquid inlet of the liquid bag 23 through the soft tubes;

[0068] When the sponge block 22 absorbs water and increases in weight, the gravity of the sponge block 22 increases, and at the same time, the sponge block 22 is pressed downward to squeeze the liquid bag 23 to inject the nutrient agent in the liquid bag 23 into the contaminated mining land through the liquid supplement pipes 28. Under the action of sunlight and natural evaporation of water, the sponge block 22 loses water and decreases in weight, and under the pulling force of the spring 24, the sponge block 22 moves upward to push the plunger 25, so that the guide pipe 142 of the trigger pipe 14 is moved upward to connect the trigger pipe 14 to spray water in the contaminated mining land through the water distribution pipe 29, and the spraying time of the pressurized water tank can be set to control the amount of sprayed water. After the spraying is completed, the water content of the contaminated mining land increases, and the sponge block 22 absorbs water again through the air holes 26 to increase the weight of the sponge block 22, thereby realizing the control of the spraying water and the nutrient agent supply.

[0069] At the same time, the size of the air holes 26 can be controlled by adjusting the position of the dial plate 27 to control the speed of water absorption and evaporation of the sponge block 22.

[0070] Example 3: The difference between this example and example 1 is that in step 1, the soil remediation agent is applied to the contaminated mining land at an amount of 200 kg / acre, and then ploughed, with a ploughing depth of 10 cm.

[0071] Example 4: The difference between this example and example 1 is that in step 1, the soil remediation agent is applied to the contaminated mining land at an amount of 700 kg / acre, and then ploughed, with a ploughing depth of 20 cm.

[0072] Example 5: The difference between this example and example 1 is that in step 2, the base material is evenly laid on the contaminated mining land at an amount of 700 kg / acre, and then the lower frame 12 of the compound remediation ecological net 1 is fixed on the contaminated mining land on which the base material is laid, and then the solidifying material is evenly laid from bottom to top at an amount of 1500 kg / acre, the microbial composite agent is applied at an amount of 200 kg / acre, and the soil material is evenly laid at an amount of 2000 kg / acre.

[0073] Example 6: The difference between this example and example 1 is that in step 2, the base material is evenly laid on the contaminated mining land at an amount of 1200 kg / acre, and then the lower frame 12 of the compound remediation ecological net 1 is fixed on the contaminated mining land on which the base material is laid, and then the solidifying material is evenly laid from bottom to top at an amount of 1800 kg / acre, the microbial composite agent is applied at an amount of 300 kg / acre, and the soil material is evenly laid at an amount of 2500 kg / acre.

[0074] Example 7: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in Step 2, the base material is a powder obtained by grinding straw and peanut shells in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0075] Example 8: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in Step 2, the base material is a powder obtained by grinding peanut shells and corn cobs in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0076] Example 9: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in Step 2, the soil material is a mixed soil material obtained by mixing clay soil and loam soil in a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0077] Example 10: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in Step 2, the soil material is a mixed soil material obtained by mixing clay soil and loam soil in a mass ratio of 1:5.

[0078] Example 11: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in Step 2, the microbial composite agent is a mixture of mixed bacteria powder and biochar particles in a mass ratio of 0.8:1, the mixed bacteria powder is composed of Hafnia alvei, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:2:5; and the sol is a mixture of 1% sodium alginate, 0.3% carbomer, and the balance deionized water.

[0079] Example 12: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in Step 2, the microbial composite agent is a mixture of mixed bacteria powder and biochar particles in a mass ratio of 1.5:1, the mixed bacteria powder is composed of Hafnia alvei, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:3:7; and the sol is a mixture of 4% sodium alginate, 0.8% carbomer, and the balance deionized water.

[0080] Example 13: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in Step 3, the upper frame body 11 of the compound repair ecological net 1 is used to spray water on the contaminated mining land, and the single spraying amount is 5m 3 / acre; the lower frame body 12 of the compound repair ecological net 1 is used to apply nutrient agent to the contaminated mining land, and the single application amount is 600L / acre.

[0081] Example 14: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in Step 3, the upper frame body 11 of the compound repair ecological net 1 is used to spray water on the contaminated mining land, and the single spraying amount is 8m 3 / acre; the lower frame body 12 of the compound repair ecological net 1 is used to apply nutrient agent to the contaminated mining land, and the single application amount is 800L / acre.

[0082] Embodiment 15: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in step 3, the nutrient agent is used after being diluted by 2 times with the diluent for the composite carbon source nutrient solution of Henan Jiuyuan Environmental Protection, which is mixed by 5% ethanol by mass percentage and the rest deionized water.

[0083] Embodiment 16: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in step 3, the nutrient agent is used after being diluted by 5 times with the diluent for the composite carbon source nutrient solution of Henan Jiuyuan Environmental Protection, which is mixed by 2% ethanol by mass percentage and the rest deionized water.

[0084] Embodiment 17: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in step 4, after 30 days of treatment in step 3, grass seeds are scattered on the contaminated mining land, and the upper frame body 11 of the compound repair ecological net 1 is used to spray water on the contaminated mining land, and the single spraying amount is 1 m 3 / acre.

[0085] Embodiment 18: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in step 4, after 45 days of treatment in step 3, grass seeds are scattered on the contaminated mining land, and the upper frame body 11 of the compound repair ecological net 1 is used to spray water on the contaminated mining land, and the single spraying amount is 2 m 3 / acre.

[0086] Embodiment 19: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in step 4, the grass seeds are Leymus chinensis, African couchgrass, and mountain vine grass; the trees are locust, sand willow, coniferous tree, cypress, and Chinese pine; and the planting amount is evenly distributed.

[0087] Embodiment 20: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in step 4, the grass seeds are African couchgrass and mountain vine grass; the trees are coniferous tree, cypress, and Chinese pine; and the planting amount is evenly distributed.

[0088] Application example: The mining area environmental pollution and ecological damage collaborative treatment method of Embodiment 1 of the present application and the compound repair ecological net 1 of Embodiment 2 are used to repair and treat a certain mine contaminated land in the suburb of the city for half a year. Taking a sunny day with a temperature of about 25℃ as a reference, the liquid bag 23 of each compound repair ecological net 1 is pumped about 4.5L of nutrient agent at a time to meet the demand of single application amount, and the size of the liquid bag 23 is changed to control the amount of single application. After 42 days of treatment, the survival rate of grass seeds and trees is counted, wherein it can be understood that the survival rate of grass seeds is counted by the survival area, and the survival rate of trees is counted by the number of trees. The results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0089] Table 1 Survival rate of grass and tree planting

[0090] Item Grass (2 months) Trees (5 months) Survival rate / % 98.57％ 99.83％

[0091] From the above Table 1, it can be seen that at the 2nd month, the survival area of the grass seeds is as high as 98.57%, compared with the survival rate of 37.24% of the same grass seeds planted in the untreated mine polluted land soil (at the same period and under the same environmental conditions); at the 5th month, the survival number of trees is as high as 99.83%, compared with the survival rate of 41.3% of the same trees planted in the untreated mine polluted land soil (at the same period and under the same environmental conditions); it can be found that after the mine polluted land in the suburb of the city is repaired and treated by the mine environmental pollution and ecological damage collaborative treatment method of the application, the local ecological environment can be effectively improved, the soil fertility can be improved, and the grass seeds and trees can be effectively planted, so as to improve the ecological repair effect and prevent disasters such as landslides, collapses, mudslides and water and soil pollution.

[0092] At the same time, in order to further study the influence of the developed microbial composite agent on the mine environmental pollution and ecological damage collaborative treatment method of the application, the microbial composite agents of Example 10 and Example 11 were used for treatment at the same time during the foregoing experiment, and the rest of the conditions were unchanged, and the results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0093] Table 2 Survival rate of grass and tree planting

[0094] Item Grass (2 months) Trees (5 months) Experiment 1 (Example 10) 96.24％ 98.37％ Experiment 2 (Example 11) 97.08％ 99.15％

[0095] From the above Table 2, it can be seen that by changing the composition of the microbial composite agent, the treatment effect on the polluted environment of the mine has a certain influence, and ignoring the accidental error caused by the natural environment, the survival area of the grass seeds and the survival number of the trees of Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 all have a certain degree of obvious decrease.

[0096] Further, the microbial composite agent of Example 1 is used as the initial reference sample, the alveolate hafnia and the coccobacillus of the microbial composite agent are replaced with an equal amount of bacillus subtilis, which is used as Experiment 3; at the same time, the sol method of the microbial composite agent is removed, and only the mixed bacteria powder and biochar particles are mixed to apply the microbial composite agent, which is used as Experiment 4, and the rest of the conditions are unchanged, and the results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0097] Table 3 Survival rate of grass and tree planting

[0098]

[0099] As can be seen from the above Table 3, by changing the composition of the microbial composite agent, the treatment effect on the polluted environment of the mining area has a certain influence. Ignoring the accidental error caused by the natural environment, the survival area of the grass seeds and the survival number of the trees in experiments 3 and 4 have a large degree of decline, and the survival rate is more significantly decreased than that in experiments 1 and 2.

[0100] At the same time, in order to further study the influence of the prepared nutrient agent on the method for synergistically treating the environmental pollution and ecological damage in the mining area of the present application, the nutrient agent of Example 15 and Example 16 was used for treatment at the same time during the foregoing experiment, and the rest of the conditions were unchanged, and the results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0101] Table 4 Survival rate of grass seeds and trees

[0102] Item Grass (2 months) Trees (5 months) Experiment 5 (Example 15) 98.73％ 99.80％ Experiment 6 (Example 16) 97.67％ 99.41％

[0103] As can be seen from the above Table 4, when the composite carbon source nutrient solution is diluted by two times and the ethanol content is 5%, the survival rate of the grass seeds and the trees has no obvious difference from that of Example 1. However, the dosage of the composite carbon source nutrient solution used in experiment 5 is more, and the cost is higher, so from the economic point of view, the dilution multiple of Example 1 is relatively more optimal. At the same time, when the composite carbon source nutrient solution is diluted by five times and the ethanol content is 2%, the survival rate of the grass seeds and the trees has a certain difference from that of Example 1. However, the dosage of the composite carbon source nutrient solution used in experiment 6 is less, and the cost is lower, so the corresponding selection can be made according to the actual needs.

[0104] Further, we take the nutrient agent of Example 1 as the initial reference sample, and do not add ethanol in the diluent, as experiment 7; the rest of the conditions are unchanged, and the results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0105] Table 5 Survival rate of grass seeds and trees

[0106] Item Grass (2 months) Trees (5 months) Experiment 7 (no ethanol) 96.23％ 98.57％

[0107] As can be seen from the above Table 5, by changing the composition of the nutrient agent, the treatment effect on the polluted environment of the mining area has a certain influence. Ignoring the accidental error caused by the natural environment, the survival area of the grass seeds and the survival number of the trees in experiment 7 have a large degree of decline compared with the nutrient agent containing ethanol.

Claims

1. A method for the coordinated management of environmental pollution and ecological damage in mining areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Drain the water from the contaminated mining area, apply soil remediation agent at a rate of 200-700 kg / mu to the contaminated mining area, then plow the land to a depth of 10-20 cm, and then use a bulldozer to level the contaminated mining area. Step 2: Evenly lay base material on the contaminated mining area land at a rate of 700-1200 kg / mu. Then fix the lower frame (12) of the compound remediation ecological net (1) on the contaminated mining area land where the base material has been laid. Then, evenly lay solid material at a rate of 1500-1800 kg / mu from bottom to top, sprinkle microbial composite agent at a rate of 200-300 kg / mu, and evenly lay soil material at a rate of 2000-2500 kg / mu. Step 3: Connect the upper frame (11) of the composite remediation ecological net (1) to the lower frame (12) of the composite remediation ecological net (1), and use the upper frame (11) of the composite remediation ecological net (1) to spray water on the contaminated mining area. The water volume of a single spray is 5-8m³. 3 / mu; using the lower frame (12) of the compound restoration ecological network (1) to apply nutrients to the polluted mining area land, with a single application amount of 600-800L / mu; Step 4: 30-45 days after the treatment in Step 3, sow grass seeds into the contaminated mining area and spray water onto the contaminated mining area using the upper frame (11) of the composite remediation ecological net (1). The water volume for each spray is 1-2 m³. 3 / mu, after the grass seeds germinate, remove the upper frame (11) of the compound restoration ecological net (1) and plant trees to complete the coordinated governance of environmental pollution and ecological damage in the mining area; The compound restoration ecological network (1) is composed of an upper frame (11) and a lower frame (12) that are detachably connected by connecting columns (2). The lower frame (12) is made of biodegradable plastic. The upper frame (11) and the lower frame (12) are both provided with grids, and the grid intersections of the upper frame (11) and the grid intersections of the lower frame (12) correspond one-to-one and are connected by a connecting post (2). The upper end of the connecting post (2) is fixedly connected to the upper frame (11), and the lower end of the connecting post (2) is connected to the insertion hole (13) provided on the lower frame (12). The connecting column (2) is hollow inside, and a sliding carrier plate (21) is provided inside the connecting column (2). A sponge block (22) for water absorption and counterweight is provided on the carrier plate (21). The carrier plate (21) is connected to a liquid bladder (23) provided on the inner bottom surface of the connecting column (2). A spring (24) is provided on the carrier plate (21) and fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the connecting column (2). The liquid bladder (23) is provided with an inlet with a one-way valve and multiple outlets with one-way valves. The outlets penetrate the connecting column (2) and are connected to the replenishment pipe (28) of the lower frame (12). The inlet is connected to the nutrient tank through a pipe. The replenishment pipe (28) has multiple branch pipes that are inserted into the base material. The upper frame (11) is provided with a trigger connector (14) for moving the sponge block (22) upward to open the water spray. The top of the connecting column (2) is provided with a pin (25) for cooperating with the trigger connector (14). The trigger connector (14) is composed of an outer tube (141) and a guide tube (142) that is slidably sealed inside the outer tube (141). The upper end of the pin (25) contacts the guide tube (142), and the lower end of the pin (25) extends into the connecting column (2) to push the pin (25) upward with the sponge block (22) to move the guide tube (142) upward to connect the trigger connector (14). The side wall of the outer tube (141) is connected to the water distribution pipe (29) of the upper frame (11), and the outer tube (141) is connected to the pressurized water tank through a pipe. The water distribution pipe (29) has multiple spray holes for spraying water onto the soil. The upper and lower ends of the sponge block (22) are both supported by support plates, and the two support plates are fixedly connected by a central rod; the side wall of the connecting column (2) is provided with a number of vent holes (26) for the sponge block (22) to evaporate moisture, and the side wall of the connecting column (2) is slidably provided with a dial plate (27) for controlling the number of vent holes (26) to open, and the connecting column (2) is coated with a coating with strong heat absorption performance.

2. The method for synergistic governance of environmental pollution and ecological damage in mining areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the solid material should be sufficient to cover the lower frame (12) of the compound ecological restoration net (1), and the top of the soil material should be 10-15cm away from the upper frame (11) of the compound ecological restoration net (1). The water spraying of the upper frame (11) and the nutrient agent of the lower frame (12) are controlled by the change in the moisture content of the sponge block (22) of the compound ecological restoration net (1).

3. The method for synergistic governance of environmental pollution and ecological damage in mining areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base material is a ground powder made from any one or more of straw, peanut shells, and corn cobs in any proportion.

4. The method for synergistic governance of environmental pollution and ecological damage in mining areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The solid material is the silt produced after the wastewater extracted in step 1 is treated, and river mud is used to supplement the amount of silt when the amount of silt is insufficient.

5. The method for synergistic governance of environmental pollution and ecological damage in mining areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The soil material is a mixture of clay soil and loam soil in a mass ratio of 1:3-5.

6. The method for synergistic governance of environmental pollution and ecological damage in mining areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial compound agent is a mixture of mixed bacterial powder and biochar granules at a mass ratio of 0.8-1.5:

1. The specific mixing method is as follows: mix the mixed bacterial powder and sol to obtain a mixture, then add biochar particles to the mixture and stir to coat them, then take out the biochar particles and air dry them at room temperature, then add them to the mixture again and stir to coat them, repeating this operation until the mixture is completely used. The mixed bacterial powder is composed of Bacillus apiaceus, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:2-3:5-7; the sol is composed of 1-4% sodium alginate, 0.3-0.8% carbomer, and the remainder deionized water by mass percentage.

7. The method for synergistic governance of environmental pollution and ecological damage in mining areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nutrient agent is diluted 2-5 times with a commercially available compound carbon source nutrient solution. The diluent is a mixture of 2-5% ethanol by mass and the remainder is deionized water. The base material is a ground powder made from any one or more of straw, peanut shells, and corn cobs in any proportion.

8. The method for synergistic governance of environmental pollution and ecological damage in mining areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grass species mentioned are one or more of sheepgrass, foxtail grass, and mountain vines.

9. The method for synergistic governance of environmental pollution and ecological damage in mining areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The trees mentioned are one or more of the following: black locust, sand willow, conifer, Chinese arborvitae, and Masson pine.

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