Polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and method for testing the contact mechanical properties of polyurethane bonded ballast, wherein the first material bin is box-shaped, one side of the first material bin is open, the second material bin is box-shaped, one side of the second material bin is open, the open ends of the first material bin and the second material bin are opposite, and the first material bin and the second material bin are arranged at intervals; the second material bin is hinged to the mounting frame, a third locking mechanism is provided between the second material bin and the mounting frame, a first force-applying mechanism is connected to the first material bin and the mounting frame, and a second force-applying mechanism is connected to the first material bin and the second material bin. The device for testing the contact mechanical properties of polyurethane bonded ballast of the present invention can facilitate the application of any one or more of pressure, tension, shear force, bending force and torsional force to the material by providing the mounting frame, the first force-applying mechanism and the second force-applying mechanism, thereby testing the mechanical properties of the polyurethane bond under different stress conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical property testing equipment, and more specifically, relates to a device for testing the contact mechanical properties of polyurethane-bonded ballast. The present invention also relates to a method for testing the contact mechanical properties of polyurethane-bonded ballast. Background Art

[0002] On the one hand, studying the microstructure of polyurethane-bonded ballast can deepen the understanding of the macroscopic mechanical properties of polyurethane-bonded ballast from the microscopic contact scale. On the other hand, it can also be used to establish a bonding contact model that describes the contact mechanical characteristics, and then use discrete element methods to simulate the macroscopic and microscopic mechanical responses of polyurethane-bonded ballast.

[0003] When analyzing the contact mechanical properties of polyurethane bonded ballast, it is inevitable to use mechanical testing equipment. However, the existing mechanical testing equipment has relatively single functions and it is difficult to characterize the stress state of polyurethane bonded ballast under various loading paths. It is impossible to obtain comprehensive bonding contact mechanical property data, and the contact constitutive model of polyurethane bonded ballast cannot be carried out. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for testing the contact mechanical properties of polyurethane bonded ballast, so as to test the mechanical properties of the polyurethane bond under different stress conditions.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device for testing a polyurethane bond that bonds two pieces of material to be tested together, including a first material bin, a second material bin, a mounting frame, a first force-applying mechanism and a second force-applying mechanism, wherein a first accommodating cavity is provided inside the first material bin, one side of the first material bin is open, a first locking mechanism is provided on the first material bin, and the first locking mechanism is used to fix one end of the material to be tested in the first accommodating cavity; a second accommodating cavity is provided inside the second material bin, one side of the second material bin is open, the opening ends of the first material bin and the second material bin are arranged opposite to each other, and the first material bin and the second material bin are arranged at intervals. , a second locking mechanism is provided on the second material bin, and the second locking mechanism is used to fix the other end of the material to be tested in the second containing cavity; the second material bin is hingedly connected to the mounting bracket, and a third locking mechanism is provided between the second material bin and the mounting bracket, and when the third locking mechanism is unlocked, the second material bin can be flipped relative to the mounting bracket; when the third locking mechanism is locked, the second material bin is fixed relative to the mounting bracket; a first force-applying mechanism is connected to the first material bin and the mounting bracket, and the first force-applying mechanism is used to apply tension or pressure to the material; the second force-applying mechanism is connected to the first material bin and the second material bin, and the second force-applying mechanism is used to apply any one or more of shear force, bending force and torsional force to the material.

[0006] In one possible implementation, a third accommodating cavity is provided on the mounting frame, and a first hinge block is provided on each of the front and rear side walls of the third accommodating cavity, and a second hinge block is provided on each of the front and rear side walls of the second material bin, the first hinge block and the second hinge block correspond one to one, and the hinge bolt passes through the second hinge block and is screwed to the corresponding first hinge block; the side wall of the second material bin is spaced apart from the corresponding side wall of the mounting frame.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the first locking mechanism includes a plurality of first fixing holes, which are opened on the side wall of the first material bin. The first fixing holes are threaded holes, and bolts are screwed into the first fixing holes and pressed against the material to be inspected to lock the first locking mechanism.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the second locking mechanism includes a plurality of second fixing holes, which are opened on the side wall of the second material bin. The second fixing holes are threaded holes, and the bolts are screwed into the second fixing holes and pressed against the material to be inspected to lock the second locking mechanism.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the third locking mechanism includes a plurality of third fixing holes, which are opened on the side wall of the mounting frame, and are threaded holes, corresponding one to one with the second fixing holes. Bolts are screwed into the corresponding second fixing holes and fixing holes and pressed against the material to be detected, so that the second locking mechanism is locked and the third locking mechanism is locked at the same time; the bolts are screwed into the second fixing holes and pressed against the material to be detected, so that the second locking mechanism is locked and the third locking mechanism is unlocked.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the first force-applying mechanism includes a first force-applying rod and a second force-applying rod, the first force-applying rod is connected to the left side wall of the first material bin, and the second force-applying rod is connected to the right side wall of the mounting frame, the first force-applying rod and the second force-applying rod are used to connect to an external force-applying device, the first force-applying rod and the second force-applying rod are coaxially arranged, and the external force-applying device can only apply an external force in the axial direction to the first force-applying rod or the second force-applying rod connected thereto.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the second force-applying mechanism includes a first force-applying assembly and a second force-applying assembly, the first force-applying assembly includes a third force rod, a first pivot rod and a fourth force rod, the top end of the third force rod is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the first material bin, one end of the first pivot rod is connected to the third force rod, and the top end of the fourth force rod is connected to the end of the first pivot rod away from the third force rod; the second force-applying assembly includes a fifth force rod, a second pivot rod and a sixth force rod, the bottom end of the fifth force rod is rotatably arranged on the second material bin, one end of the second pivot rod is connected to the fifth force rod, and the sixth force rod is slidably arranged on the second pivot rod, the third force rod, the fourth force rod, the fifth force rod and the sixth force rod are used to be connected to an external force device, and the external force device can only apply an external force in the axial direction to the third force rod, the fourth force rod, the fifth force rod or the sixth force rod connected thereto.

[0012] In one possible implementation, a shear plate is provided on the right side wall of the mounting frame, a shear groove is provided on the shear plate, the shear groove extends along the axial direction of the third force rod, a shear block is slidably provided in the shear groove, and the second force rod is connected to the shear block.

[0013] In a possible implementation, a rotating shaft is provided between the shear plate and the right side wall of the mounting frame, so that the shear plate can rotate relative to the mounting frame.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device provided by the present invention is that: compared with the prior art, the present invention can facilitate the fixation of the material to be tested by setting a first material bin and a second material bin, and can facilitate the application of any one or more of pressure, tension, shear force, bending force and torsional force to the material by setting a mounting frame, a first force-applying mechanism and a second force-applying mechanism, thereby testing the mechanical properties of the polyurethane bond under different stress conditions.

[0015] The present invention also relates to a method for testing the contact mechanical properties of urethane-bonded ballast, which uses the above-mentioned polyurethane-bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device for testing, including the steps of tension / compression test, tension / compression shear test, tension / compression torsion test, tension / compression bending test, tension / compression shear torsion test, tension / compression shear bending test, tension / compression bending torsion test, and tension / compression shear bending torsion test, wherein:

[0016] The steps of the tension / compression test include placing two pieces of the material to be tested into a first material bin and a second material bin, respectively, placing the polyurethane adhesive to be tested between the first material bin and the second material bin, locking the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism, and the third locking mechanism, applying opposite / reverse forces to the first force application rod and the second force application rod until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod and the second force application rod;

[0017] The steps of the tension / compression shear test include placing two pieces of the material to be tested into a first material bin and a second material bin, respectively, and placing a polyurethane adhesive to be tested between the first material bin and the second material bin, locking a first locking mechanism, a second locking mechanism, and a third locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force application rod and the second force application rod, rotating the fifth force application rod so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod is parallel to the first force application rod, and moving the sixth force application rod to a position close to the fifth force application rod, and applying opposite forces to the fourth force application rod and the fifth force application rod until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod, the second force application rod, the fourth force application rod, and the fifth force application rod;

[0018] The steps of the tension / compression-torsion test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into a first material bin and a second material bin, respectively, and placing the polyurethane adhesive to be tested between the first material bin and the second material bin, locking the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism, and the third locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force application rod and the second force application rod, rotating the fifth force application rod so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod is perpendicular to the first force application rod, and moving the sixth force application rod to a position away from the fifth force application rod, rotating the shear block 90 degrees and applying opposite forces to the third force application rod and the sixth force application rod until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod, the second force application rod, the third force application rod, and the sixth force application rod;

[0019] The steps of the tension / compression bending test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into a first material bin and a second material bin, respectively, and placing a polyurethane adhesive to be tested between the first material bin and the second material bin, locking the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force application rod and the second force application rod, rotating the fifth force application rod so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod is parallel to the first force application rod, and moving the sixth force application rod to a position away from the fifth force application rod, rotating the shear block 90 degrees and applying opposite forces to the third force application rod and the sixth force application rod until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod, the second force application rod, the third force application rod, and the sixth force application rod;

[0020] The steps of the tension / compression shear-torsion test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into a first material bin and a second material bin, respectively, and placing the polyurethane adhesive to be tested between the first material bin and the second material bin; locking the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism, and the third locking mechanism; applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force application rod and the second force application rod; rotating the fifth force application rod so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod is perpendicular to the first force application rod, and moving the sixth force application rod to a position away from the fifth force application rod, and applying opposite forces to the third force application rod and the sixth force application rod until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed; and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod, the second force application rod, the third force application rod, and the sixth force application rod;

[0021] The steps of the tension / compression shear bending test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into a first material bin and a second material bin, respectively, and placing a polyurethane adhesive to be tested between the first material bin and the second material bin, locking the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force application rod and the second force application rod, rotating the fifth force application rod so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod is parallel to the first force application rod, and moving the sixth force application rod to a position away from the fifth force application rod, and applying opposite forces to the third force application rod and the sixth force application rod until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod, the second force application rod, the third force application rod, and the sixth force application rod;

[0022] The steps of the tension / compression bending and torsion test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into a first material bin and a second material bin, respectively, and placing the polyurethane adhesive to be tested between the first material bin and the second material bin, locking the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force rod and the second force rod, rotating the fifth force rod so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod is set at an angle less than 90 degrees with the first force rod, and moving the sixth force rod to a position away from the fifth force rod, rotating the shear block 90 degrees and applying opposite forces to the third force rod and the sixth force rod until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force device to the first force rod, the second force rod, the third force rod, and the sixth force rod;

[0023] The steps of the tension / compression, shear, bending and torsion test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin and the second material bin respectively, and the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin and the second material bin, locking the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force rod and the second force rod, rotating the fifth force rod so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod is set at an angle less than 90 degrees to the first force rod, and the sixth force rod is moved to a position away from the fifth force rod, and applying opposite forces to the third force rod and the sixth force rod until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force device to the first force rod, the second force rod, the third force rod and the sixth force rod.

[0024] The beneficial effect of the contact mechanical properties testing method of urethane bonded ballast provided by the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, the present invention greatly improves the convenience of mechanical testing of polyurethane bonded ballast under different stress conditions by using the aforementioned contact mechanical properties testing device of polyurethane bonded ballast. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention at one angle;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram from another angle of the polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0029] 1. First material bin; 2. Second material bin; 3. Mounting frame; 4. First force rod; 5. Second force rod; 7. Second force mechanism; 8. Shear plate;

[0030] 101. First fixing hole;

[0031] 201, second hinge block; 202, second fixing hole;

[0032] 301, first hinge block; 302, third fixing hole;

[0033] 601, third force application rod; 602, first pivot rod; 603, fourth force application rod;

[0034] 701, fifth force application rod; 702, second pivot rod; 703, sixth force application rod;

[0035] 801. Shear block; 802. Rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] It should be further explained that the drawings and implementation methods of the present invention mainly describe the concept of the present invention. On the basis of this concept, the specific forms and settings of some connection relationships, positional relationships, power mechanisms, power supply systems, hydraulic systems and control systems may not be fully described. However, on the premise that those skilled in the art understand the concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art can implement the above-mentioned specific forms and settings in a well-known manner.

[0038] When an element is referred to as being “fixed to” or “disposed on” another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0039] The directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0040] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, and "several" means one or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0041] The contact mechanical properties testing device and method of polyurethane bonded ballast provided by the present invention are now described.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Please also refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device includes a first material bin 1, a second material bin 2, a mounting frame 3, a first force-applying mechanism and a second force-applying mechanism 7, wherein a first accommodating cavity is provided inside the first material bin 1, one side of the first material bin 1 is opened, and a first locking mechanism is provided on the first material bin 1, and the first locking mechanism is used to fix one end of the material to be tested in the first accommodating cavity; a second accommodating cavity is provided inside the second material bin 2, one side of the second material bin 2 is opened, the open ends of the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2 are arranged opposite to each other, and the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2 are arranged at intervals, and a second locking mechanism is provided on the second material bin 2, and the second locking mechanism is used to fix one end of the material to be tested in the first accommodating cavity. The tightening mechanism is used to fix the other end of the material to be tested in the second accommodating cavity; the second material bin 2 is hinged to the mounting bracket 3, and a third locking mechanism is provided between the second material bin 2 and the mounting bracket 3. When the third locking mechanism is unlocked, the second material bin 2 can be flipped relative to the mounting bracket 3; when the third locking mechanism is locked, the second material bin 2 is fixed relative to the mounting bracket 3; a first force-applying mechanism is connected to the first material bin 1 and the mounting bracket 3, and the first force-applying mechanism is used to apply tension or pressure to the material; a second force-applying mechanism 7 is connected to the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2, and the second force-applying mechanism 7 is used to apply any one or more of shear force, bending force and torsional force to the material.

[0044] The beneficial effect of the polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device provided in this embodiment is: compared with the existing technology, the polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device provided in this embodiment can facilitate the fixation of the material to be tested by setting the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2, and can facilitate the application of any one or more of pressure, tension, shear force, bending force and torsional force to the material by setting the mounting frame 3, the first force-applying mechanism and the second force-applying mechanism 7, thereby testing the mechanical properties of the polyurethane bond under different stress conditions.

[0045] In this embodiment, the mounting frame 3 is provided with a third accommodating chamber. A first hinge block 301 is provided on each of the front and rear side walls of the third accommodating chamber. A second hinge block 201 is provided on each of the front and rear side walls of the second material bin 2. The first hinge block 301 corresponds to the second hinge block 201, and hinge bolts pass through the second hinge blocks 201 and are threadedly connected to the corresponding first hinge blocks 301. The side walls of the second material bin 2 are spaced apart from the corresponding side walls of the mounting frame 3. The provision of the mounting frame 3 facilitates the tilting of the second material bin 2 relative to the first material trough, thereby facilitating the application of a bending force to the polyurethane adhesive material being tested.

[0046] As a preferred technical solution, the first locking mechanism includes a plurality of first fixing holes 101. The first fixing holes 101 are threaded holes formed on the sidewall of the first material bin 1. Bolts are threaded into the first fixing holes 101 and tighten against the material to be inspected, thereby locking the first locking mechanism. The arrangement of the first fixing holes 101 and the bolts provides a simple structure and ease of use.

[0047] Furthermore, the second locking mechanism includes a plurality of second fixing holes 202, which are provided on the sidewall of the second material bin 2. The second fixing holes 202 are threaded holes, and bolts are screwed into the second fixing holes 202 and tightened against the material to be inspected, thereby locking the second locking mechanism. The arrangement of the second fixing holes 202 and the bolts provides a simple structure and ease of use.

[0048] At the same time, the third locking mechanism includes a plurality of third fixing holes 302. The third fixing holes 302 are threaded holes formed on the sidewall of the mounting frame 3 and correspond one-to-one with the second fixing holes 202. Bolts are threaded into the corresponding second fixing holes 202 and fixing holes and pressed against the material to be inspected, thereby simultaneously locking the second locking mechanism and the third locking mechanism. Bolts are threaded into the second fixing holes 202 and pressed against the material to be inspected, thereby simultaneously locking the second locking mechanism and releasing the third locking mechanism. The arrangement of the third fixing holes 302 and bolts provides a simple structure and ease of use.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the first force-applying mechanism includes a first force-applying rod 4 and a second force-applying rod 5. The first force-applying rod 4 is connected to the left side wall of the first material bin 1, and the second force-applying rod 5 is connected to the right side wall of the mounting frame 3. The first force-applying rod 4 and the second force-applying rod 5 are used to connect to an external force-applying device. The first force-applying rod 4 and the second force-applying rod 5 are coaxially arranged, and the external force-applying device can only apply an external force in the axial direction to the first force-applying rod 4 or the second force-applying rod 5 connected thereto. The arrangement of the first force-applying rod 4 and the second force-applying rod 5 can facilitate the application of compressive force or tensile force to the polyurethane adhesive material to be tested. Specifically, when compressive force needs to be applied, opposite external forces can be applied to the first force-applying rod 4 and the second force-applying rod 5; when tensile force needs to be applied to the polyurethane adhesive material, opposite external forces can be applied to the first force-applying rod 4 and the second force-applying rod 5.

[0050] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the second force-applying mechanism 7 includes a first force-applying assembly and a second force-applying assembly. The first force-applying assembly includes a third force-applying rod 601, a first pivot rod 602, and a fourth force-applying rod 603. The top end of the third force-applying rod 601 is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the first material bin 1. One end of the first pivot rod 602 is connected to the third force-applying rod 601. The top end of the fourth force-applying rod 603 is connected to the end of the first pivot rod 602 away from the third force-applying rod 601. The third force-applying rod 601 or the fourth force-applying rod 603 is connected to an external force-applying device via the third force-applying rod 601 or the fourth force-applying rod 603. By rotating the first pivot rod 602, the fourth force-applying rod 603 is positioned at different positions, thereby achieving the purpose of applying different forces to the polyurethane adhesive material.

[0051] The second force-applying assembly includes a fifth force-applying rod 701, a second pivot rod 702, and a sixth force-applying rod 703. The bottom end of the fifth force-applying rod 701 is rotatably mounted on the second material bin 2. One end of the second pivot rod 702 is connected to the fifth force-applying rod 701. The sixth force-applying rod 703 is slidably mounted on the second pivot rod 702. The third force-applying rod 601, the fourth force-applying rod 603, the fifth force-applying rod 701, and the sixth force-applying rod 703 are used to connect to an external force-applying device, and the external force-applying device can only apply an axial external force to the third force-applying rod 601, the fourth force-applying rod 603, the fifth force-applying rod 701, or the sixth force-applying rod 703 connected thereto. By connecting the sixth force-applying rod 703 to the external force-applying device and rotating the second pivot rod 702 to position the sixth force-applying rod 703 at different positions, different forces can be applied to the polyurethane adhesive material.

[0052] In this embodiment, a shear plate 8 is provided on the right side wall of the mounting frame 3. The shear plate 8 has a shear groove extending axially along the third force-applying rod 601. A shear block 801 is slidably disposed within the shear groove. The second force-applying rod 5 is connected to the shear block 801. The arrangement of the shear plate 8 and shear block 801 ensures that, even when the second force-applying rod 5 applies force to the mounting frame 3, the mounting frame 3 can still slide up and down under the action of the external force, thereby facilitating the application of shear force to the polyurethane binder material.

[0053] Finally, a rotating shaft 802 is provided between the shear plate 8 and the right side wall of the mounting frame 3, allowing the shear plate 8 to rotate relative to the mounting frame 3. The provision of the rotating shaft 802 allows the shear block 801 to rotate. When the shear force is not required, the shear block 801 can be rotated 90 degrees so that the direction of relative sliding between the shear block 801 and the shear plate 8 is perpendicular to the fifth force-applying rod 701.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The present invention also relates to a method for testing the contact mechanical properties of urethane-bonded ballast, which uses the above-mentioned polyurethane-bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device for testing, including the steps of tension / compression test, tension / compression shear test, tension / compression torsion test, tension / compression bending test, tension / compression shear torsion test, tension / compression shear bending test, tension / compression bending torsion test, and tension / compression shear bending torsion test, wherein:

[0056] The steps of the tensile / compression test include placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2, respectively, with the polyurethane adhesive to be tested being arranged between the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2, locking the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism, and the third locking mechanism, applying opposite / reverse forces to the first force application rod 4 and the second force application rod 5 until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod 4 and the second force application rod 5;

[0057] The steps of the tension / compression shear test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2 respectively, and the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2, locking the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism and the third locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force application rod 4 and the second force application rod 5, rotating the fifth force application rod 701 so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod 702 is parallel to the first force application rod 4, and the sixth force application rod 703 is moved to a position close to the fifth force application rod 701, and applying opposite forces to the fourth force application rod 603 and the fifth force application rod 701 until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod 4, the second force application rod 5, the fourth force application rod 603 and the fifth force application rod 701;

[0058] The steps of the tension / compression-torsion test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2 respectively, and the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2, locking the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism and the third locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force rod 4 and the second force rod 5, rotating the fifth force rod 701 so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod 702 is perpendicular to the first force rod 4, and the sixth force rod 703 is moved to a position away from the fifth force rod 701, rotating the shear block 801 90 degrees and applying opposite forces to the third force rod 601 and the sixth force rod 703 until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force device to the first force rod 4, the second force rod 5, the third force rod 601 and the sixth force rod 703;

[0059] The steps of the tension / compression bending test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2 respectively, and the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2, locking the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force application rod 4 and the second force application rod 5, rotating the fifth force application rod 701 so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod 702 is parallel to the first force application rod 4, and the sixth force application rod 703 is moved to a position away from the fifth force application rod 701, rotating the shear block 801 90 degrees and applying opposite forces to the third force application rod 601 and the sixth force application rod 703 until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod 4, the second force application rod 5, the third force application rod 601 and the sixth force application rod 703;

[0060] The steps of the tension / compression shear-torsion test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2 respectively, and the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2, locking the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism and the third locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force application rod 4 and the second force application rod 5, rotating the fifth force application rod 701 so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod 702 is perpendicular to the first force application rod 4, and the sixth force application rod 703 is moved to a position away from the fifth force application rod 701, and applying opposite forces to the third force application rod 601 and the sixth force application rod 703 until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod 4, the second force application rod 5, the third force application rod 601 and the sixth force application rod 703;

[0061] The steps of the tension / compression shear bending test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2 respectively, and the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2, locking the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force application rod 4 and the second force application rod 5, rotating the fifth force application rod 701 so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod 702 is parallel to the first force application rod 4, and the sixth force application rod 703 is moved to a position away from the fifth force application rod 701, and applying opposite forces to the third force application rod 601 and the sixth force application rod 703 until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod 4, the second force application rod 5, the third force application rod 601 and the sixth force application rod 703;

[0062] The steps of the tension / compression bending and torsion test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2 respectively, and the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2, locking the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force rod 4 and the second force rod 5, rotating the fifth force rod 701 so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod 702 is set at an angle less than 90 degrees with the first force rod 4, and the sixth force rod 703 is moved to a position away from the fifth force rod 701, rotating the shear block 801 90 degrees and applying opposite forces to the third force rod 601 and the sixth force rod 703 until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force device to the first force rod 4, the second force rod 5, the third force rod 601 and the sixth force rod 703;

[0063] The steps of the tension / compression, shear, bending and torsion test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2 respectively, and the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin 1 and the second material bin 2, locking the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force rod 4 and the second force rod 5, rotating the fifth force rod 701 so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod 702 is set at an angle less than 90 degrees to the first force rod 4, and the sixth force rod 703 is moved to a position away from the fifth force rod 701, and applying opposite forces to the third force rod 601 and the sixth force rod 703 until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force device to the first force rod 4, the second force rod 5, the third force rod 601 and the sixth force rod 703.

[0064] The beneficial effect of the contact mechanical properties testing method of urethane bonded ballast provided by the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, the present invention greatly improves the convenience of mechanical testing of polyurethane bonded ballast under different stress conditions by using the aforementioned contact mechanical properties testing device of polyurethane bonded ballast.

[0065] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device, characterized in that: include: A first material bin (1) is provided with a first accommodating cavity therein, one side of the first material bin (1) is provided with an opening, and a first locking mechanism is provided on the first material bin (1), the first locking mechanism being used to fix one end of the material to be tested in the first accommodating cavity; A second material bin (2) is provided with a second accommodating cavity therein, one side of the second material bin (2) is provided with an opening, the first material bin (1) and the opening end of the second material bin (2) are arranged opposite to each other, and the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2) are arranged at intervals, and a second locking mechanism is provided on the second material bin (2), and the second locking mechanism is used to fix the other end of the material to be tested in the second accommodating cavity; The second material bin (2) is hinged to the mounting frame (3), and a third locking mechanism is provided between the second material bin (2) and the mounting frame (3); when the third locking mechanism is unlocked, the second material bin (2) can be flipped relative to the mounting frame (3); when the third locking mechanism is locked, the second material bin (2) is fixed relative to the mounting frame (3); a first force-applying mechanism connected to the first material bin (1) and the mounting frame (3), the first force-applying mechanism being used to apply tension or pressure to the material; a second force-applying mechanism (7) connected to the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2), the second force-applying mechanism (7) being used to apply any one or more of shearing force, bending force and torsional force to the material; The first force applying mechanism includes a first force applying rod (4) and a second force applying rod (5), the first force applying rod (4) is connected to the left side wall of the first material bin (1), and the second force applying rod (5) is connected to the right side wall of the mounting frame (3), the first force applying rod (4) and the second force applying rod (5) are used to connect with an external force applying device, the first force applying rod (4) and the second force applying rod (5) are coaxially arranged, and the external force applying device can only apply an external force in the axial direction to the first force applying rod (4) or the second force applying rod (5) connected thereto; The second force-applying mechanism (7) includes a first force-applying assembly and a second force-applying assembly, wherein the first force-applying assembly includes a third force-applying rod (601), a first pivot rod (602) and a fourth force-applying rod (603), the top end of the third force-applying rod (601) is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the first material bin (1), one end of the first pivot rod (602) is connected to the third force-applying rod (601), and the top end of the fourth force-applying rod (603) is connected to the end of the first pivot rod (602) away from the third force-applying rod (601); the second force-applying assembly includes a fifth force-applying rod (701), a second pivot rod (702) and a sixth force-applying rod (703), the first pivot rod (602) and the sixth force-applying rod (703), The bottom end of the five force rods (701) is rotatably arranged on the second material bin (2), one end of the second pivot rod (702) is connected to the fifth force rod (701), and the sixth force rod (703) is slidably arranged on the second pivot rod (702). The third force rod (601), the fourth force rod (603), the fifth force rod (701) and the sixth force rod (703) are used to be connected to an external force device, and the external force device can only apply an external force in the axial direction to the third force rod (601), the fourth force rod (603), the fifth force rod (701) or the sixth force rod (703) connected thereto; A shear plate (8) is provided on the right side wall of the mounting frame (3), and a shear groove is provided on the shear plate (8), the shear groove extending along the axial direction of the third force application rod (601), a shear block (801) slidingly provided in the shear groove, and the second force application rod (5) is connected to the shear block (801); A rotating shaft (802) is provided between the shear plate (8) and the right side wall of the mounting frame (3), so that the shear plate (8) can rotate relative to the mounting frame (3).

2. The polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame (3) is provided with a third accommodating cavity, and a first hinge block (301) is provided on both the front and rear side walls of the third accommodating cavity, and a second hinge block (201) is provided on both the front and rear side walls of the second material bin (2), the first hinge block (301) and the second hinge block (201) correspond to each other one by one, and a hinge bolt passes through the second hinge block (201) and is screwed to the corresponding first hinge block (301); the side wall of the second material bin (2) and the corresponding side wall of the mounting frame (3) are arranged at intervals.

3. The polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first locking mechanism comprises a plurality of first fixing holes (101), the first fixing holes (101) being opened on the side wall of the first material bin (1), the first fixing holes (101) being threaded holes, bolts being screwed into the first fixing holes (101) and pressed against the material to be detected, so that the first locking mechanism is locked.

4. The polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second locking mechanism comprises a plurality of second fixing holes (202), the second fixing holes (202) being provided on the side wall of the second material bin (2), the second fixing holes (202) being threaded holes, the bolts being screwed into the second fixing holes (202) and pressed against the material to be detected, so that the second locking mechanism is locked.

5. The polyurethane bonded ballast contact mechanical properties testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third locking mechanism comprises a plurality of third fixing holes (302), the third fixing holes (302) being opened on the side wall of the mounting frame (3), the third fixing holes (302) being threaded holes, the third fixing holes (302) corresponding to the second fixing holes (202) one by one, the bolts being screwed into the corresponding second fixing holes (202) and the fixing holes and pressed against the material to be detected, so that the second locking mechanism is locked and the third locking mechanism is locked at the same time; the bolts being screwed into the second fixing holes (202) and pressed against the material to be detected, so that the second locking mechanism is locked and the third locking mechanism is unlocked.

6. A method for testing the contact mechanical properties of urethane-bonded ballast, using the contact mechanical properties testing device for urethane-bonded ballast as claimed in claim 5, comprising the steps of tension / compression testing, tension / compression-shear testing, tension / compression-torsion testing, tension / compression-bending testing, tension / compression-shear-torsion testing, tension / compression-shear-bending testing, tension / compression-bending-torsion testing, and tension / compression-shear-bending-torsion testing, wherein: The steps of the tensile / compression test include placing two pieces of the material to be tested into a first material bin (1) and a second material bin (2) respectively, placing the polyurethane adhesive to be tested between the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2), locking the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism and the third locking mechanism, applying opposite / reverse forces to the first force applying rod (4) and the second force applying rod (5) until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force applying device to the first force applying rod (4) and the second force applying rod (5); The steps of the tension / compression shear test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2) respectively, the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2), locking the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism and the third locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force application rod (4) and the second force application rod (5), rotating the fifth force application rod (701) so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod (702) is parallel to the first force application rod (4), and the sixth force application rod (703) is moved to a position close to the fifth force application rod (701), and applying opposite forces to the fourth force application rod (603) and the fifth force application rod (701) until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod (4), the second force application rod (5), the fourth force application rod (603) and the fifth force application rod (701); The steps of the tension / compression-torsion test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into a first material bin (1) and a second material bin (2) respectively, placing the polyurethane adhesive to be tested between the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2), locking the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism and the third locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force application rod (4) and the second force application rod (5), rotating the fifth force application rod (701) to extend the second pivot rod (702) The direction is perpendicular to the first force application rod (4), and the sixth force application rod (703) is moved to a position away from the fifth force application rod (701), the shear block (801) is rotated 90 degrees and opposite forces are applied to the third force application rod (601) and the sixth force application rod (703) until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and the magnitude of the force applied by the external force application device to the first force application rod (4), the second force application rod (5), the third force application rod (601) and the sixth force application rod (703) is recorded; The steps of the tension / compression bending test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2) respectively, the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2), locking the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force rod (4) and the second force rod (5), rotating the fifth force rod (701) so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod (702) is parallel to the first force rod (4), and the sixth force rod (703) is moved to a position away from the fifth force rod (701), rotating the shear block (801) 90 degrees and applying opposite forces to the third force rod (601) and the sixth force rod (703) until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the forces applied by the external force device to the first force rod (4), the second force rod (5), the third force rod (601) and the sixth force rod (703); The steps of the tension / compression shear-torsion test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2) respectively, the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2), locking the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism and the third locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force rod (4) and the second force rod (5), rotating the fifth force rod (701) so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod (702) is perpendicular to the first force rod (4), and the sixth force rod (703) is moved to a position away from the fifth force rod (701), and applying opposite forces to the third force rod (601) and the sixth force rod (703) until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the forces applied by the external force device to the first force rod (4), the second force rod (5), the third force rod (601) and the sixth force rod (703); The steps of the tension / compression shear bending test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2) respectively, the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2), locking the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force rod (4) and the second force rod (5), rotating the fifth force rod (701) so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod (702) is parallel to the first force rod (4), and the sixth force rod (703) is moved to a position away from the fifth force rod (701), and applying opposite forces to the third force rod (601) and the sixth force rod (703) until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the force applied by the external force device to the first force rod (4), the second force rod (5), the third force rod (601) and the sixth force rod (703); The steps of the tension / compression bending and torsion test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into a first material bin (1) and a second material bin (2) respectively; the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2); locking the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism; applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force rod (4) and the second force rod (5); rotating the fifth force rod (701) so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod (702) is aligned with the extension direction of the first force rod (4) The six force-applying rods (703) are arranged at an angle less than 90 degrees, and the sixth force-applying rod (703) is moved to a position away from the fifth force-applying rod (701), the shear block (801) is rotated 90 degrees, and opposite forces are applied to the third force-applying rod (601) and the sixth force-applying rod (703) until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and the magnitude of the force applied by the external force-applying device to the first force-applying rod (4), the second force-applying rod (5), the third force-applying rod (601), and the sixth force-applying rod (703) is recorded; The steps of the tension / compression shear bending and torsion test include: placing two pieces of the material to be tested into the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2) respectively, the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is arranged between the first material bin (1) and the second material bin (2), locking the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, applying reverse / opposite forces to the first force rod (4) and the second force rod (5), rotating the fifth force rod (701) so that the extension direction of the second pivot rod (702) is set at an angle less than 90 degrees with the first force rod (4), and the sixth force rod (703) is moved to a position away from the fifth force rod (701), and applying opposite forces to the third force rod (601) and the sixth force rod (703) until the polyurethane adhesive to be tested is destroyed, and recording the magnitude of the forces applied by the external force device to the first force rod (4), the second force rod (5), the third force rod (601) and the sixth force rod (703).

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