Anode nitrogen evacuation control methods, devices, fuel cells and storage media

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology and discloses an anode nitrogen purging control method, device, fuel cell, and storage medium. After each anode nitrogen purging operation, a predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is calculated based on the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter of the fuel cell stack. The anode nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack is then calculated based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter. If the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than a first concentration threshold, an anode nitrogen purging operation is performed. If the anode nitrogen concentration is less than the first concentration threshold, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is used as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter to calculate a new anode nitrogen concentration. This process continues until the new anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, at which point an anode nitrogen purging operation is performed. Therefore, this embodiment can calculate and update the anode nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack, and then control whether to perform a nitrogen purging operation based on the comparison between the anode nitrogen concentration and the first concentration threshold. Compared with traditional timed nitrogen purging control methods, this approach offers greater flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to an anode nitrogen evacuation control method, apparatus, fuel cell, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] A fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts the chemical energy of fuel and oxidant into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. Common fuel cells include hydrogen fuel cells.

[0003] When a fuel cell system is running, nitrogen partial pressure at the cathode is much higher than that at the anode, so nitrogen continuously permeates from the cathode to the anode. When the nitrogen concentration at the anode is too high, it will cause the fuel cell performance to degrade. Therefore, in order to maintain the performance of the fuel cell, nitrogen needs to be discharged from the fuel cell anode to keep the nitrogen concentration at the fuel cell anode within a certain range to ensure the stability of the fuel cell performance.

[0004] Currently, existing methods for nitrogen removal from fuel cells typically involve setting a nitrogen removal cycle and a nitrogen removal duration. Nitrogen removal is performed once every cycle, with each cycle lasting one duration. This method achieves relatively ideal nitrogen removal results during the initial period of fuel cell operation. However, as fuel cell components age, the rate of nitrogen permeation from the cathode to the anode may increase or decrease. For example, when the rate of nitrogen permeation from the cathode to the anode increases, the fuel cell may experience excessively high anode nitrogen concentration before a full nitrogen removal cycle is completed, leading to a decrease in fuel cell performance. Conversely, even after a full nitrogen removal cycle is completed, insufficient nitrogen removal time may prevent the anode nitrogen concentration from reaching the ideal level, resulting in further performance degradation.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more flexible method for controlling nitrogen evacuation from the anode. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides an anode nitrogen removal control method, device, fuel cell, and storage medium to address the problem of poor flexibility in existing fuel cell nitrogen removal methods.

[0007] A method for controlling nitrogen evacuation from an anode, the method comprising:

[0008] After each anode nitrogen purging operation is performed on the fuel cell stack by controlling the nitrogen purging valve, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack are calculated based on the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack and the nitrogen permeability coefficient at the current current density.

[0009] The anode nitrogen concentration is calculated based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack.

[0010] When the nitrogen concentration at the anode exceeds a first concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0011] When the anode nitrogen concentration is less than the first concentration threshold, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is used as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter to calculate the new anode nitrogen concentration. This process continues until the new anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, at which point the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0012] Optionally, the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameters in the above method include initial anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters and initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameters;

[0013] The step of calculating the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack based on the nitrogen permeability coefficient and the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameters includes:

[0014] Based on the nitrogen permeation coefficient, the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameter and the initial anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter of the fuel cell, the nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate of the fuel cell is calculated.

[0015] Based on the nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate and the anode parameters of the fuel cell stack, the predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter of the fuel cell stack is calculated, wherein the predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter and the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameter constitute the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter.

[0016] Optionally, the above method may further include:

[0017] Obtain the individual cell voltage of all cells in the stack;

[0018] The lowest individual cell voltage is selected from the individual cell voltages, and the average individual cell voltage is calculated based on the individual cell voltages;

[0019] Determine whether the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the first proportion;

[0020] If the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the first proportion, the first concentration threshold is updated to a second concentration threshold so that when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the second concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform the anode nitrogen purging operation on the stack.

[0021] After the nitrogen purging valve performs the anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack a target number of times, the second concentration threshold is restored to the first concentration threshold.

[0022] Optionally, after restoring the second concentration threshold to the first concentration threshold, the method further includes:

[0023] Reacquire the minimum cell voltage and the average cell voltage;

[0024] Determine whether the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the second ratio;

[0025] If the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the second ratio, control the hydrogen pump to run at the target speed for the target duration;

[0026] After controlling the hydrogen pump to run at the target speed for the target duration, the minimum cell voltage and the average cell voltage are reacquired again.

[0027] A low cell voltage alarm is triggered when the minimum cell voltage is less than the average cell voltage of the second ratio.

[0028] The above methods are optional.

[0029] If the minimum single-cell voltage is greater than the average single-cell voltage of the second ratio, the anode nitrogen removal operation is suspended.

[0030] The minimum cell voltage and the average cell voltage are acquired in real time, and it is monitored whether the minimum cell voltage is equal to the average cell voltage at the third ratio.

[0031] When the minimum single-cell voltage is equal to the average single-cell voltage of the third ratio, record the anode nitrogen concentration calculated for the current consecutive preset number of times, and calculate the corresponding average nitrogen concentration;

[0032] The update index is calculated based on the average nitrogen concentration and the initial nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack in its initial state.

[0033] Based on the update index, the nitrogen permeability coefficient is updated to obtain the updated permeability coefficient;

[0034] The anode nitrogen concentration is calculated based on the updated permeability coefficient, and when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0035] Optionally, the nitrogen permeability coefficient is obtained through the following methods:

[0036] Obtain the current density of the fuel cell stack at the current;

[0037] In the preset permeability coefficient table, look up the calibration current density corresponding to the current current density;

[0038] The nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the calibrated current density is used as the nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the current current density.

[0039] Optionally, the nitrogen permeability coefficients corresponding to different calibration current densities in the permeability coefficient table are obtained by testing in the following manner:

[0040] The test stack in the fuel cell test platform was set to operate at different calibration current densities;

[0041] The composition and flow rate of the exhaust gas emitted by the fuel cell test platform are analyzed in real time within a preset time period to obtain the average nitrogen flow rate in the exhaust gas.

[0042] The average nitrogen flow rate is used as the nitrogen permeability coefficient.

[0043] An anode nitrogen removal control device, comprising:

[0044] The partial pressure parameter calculation unit is used to calculate the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack based on the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack and the nitrogen permeability coefficient at the current current density after each anode nitrogen purging operation is performed on the fuel cell stack by controlling the nitrogen purging valve.

[0045] The nitrogen concentration calculation unit is used to calculate the anode nitrogen concentration based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack.

[0046] An anode nitrogen purging operation unit is used to control the nitrogen purging valve to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than a first concentration threshold.

[0047] The partial pressure parameter update unit is used to use the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter when the anode nitrogen concentration is less than the first concentration threshold, so as to calculate the new anode nitrogen concentration, until the new anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, and then control the nitrogen purging valve to perform the anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0048] A fuel cell includes a controller and a nitrogen venting valve, the controller controlling the nitrogen venting valve to implement the anode nitrogen venting control method as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0049] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the anode nitrogen removal control method as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0050] The aforementioned anode nitrogen purging control method, device, fuel cell, and storage medium, after each anode nitrogen purging operation performed on the fuel cell stack by controlling the nitrogen purging valve, calculates a predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter based on the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter of the fuel cell stack, and calculates the anode nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter. Then, when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than a first concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack. If the anode nitrogen concentration is less than the first concentration threshold, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is used as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter to calculate a new anode nitrogen concentration, until the new anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, at which point the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack. Therefore, this embodiment can calculate and update the anode nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack, and then control whether to perform a nitrogen purging operation based on the comparison between the anode nitrogen concentration and the first concentration threshold, which is more flexible than the traditional timed nitrogen purging control method. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of an anode nitrogen removal control method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a partial implementation flowchart of an anode nitrogen removal control method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a partial implementation flowchart of an anode nitrogen removal control method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a partial implementation flowchart of an anode nitrogen removal control method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a partial implementation flowchart of an anode nitrogen removal control method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a partial implementation flowchart of an anode nitrogen removal control method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 7 This is a partial implementation flowchart of an anode nitrogen removal control method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of a nitrogen evacuation control device for anodes disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0063] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0064] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if [described condition or event] is detected" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as meaning "once determined," "in response to determination," "once [described condition or event] is detected," or "in response to detection of [described condition or event]."

[0065] Furthermore, in the description of this invention and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0066] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of the invention include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0067] This invention discloses an anode nitrogen purging control method, apparatus, fuel cell, and storage medium. After each anode nitrogen purging operation is performed on the fuel cell stack by controlling the nitrogen purging valve, a predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is calculated based on the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter of the fuel cell stack. The anode nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack is then calculated based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter. If the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than a first concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack. If the anode nitrogen concentration is less than the first concentration threshold, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is used as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter to calculate a new anode nitrogen concentration. This process continues until the new anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, at which point the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack. Therefore, this embodiment can calculate and update the anode nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack, and then control whether to perform a nitrogen purging operation based on the comparison between the anode nitrogen concentration and the first concentration threshold. Compared with traditional timed nitrogen purging control methods, this method offers greater flexibility. Specific embodiments are described below.

[0068] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of an anode nitrogen emission control method according to an embodiment of the present invention. This method is applicable to fuel cells and devices equipped with fuel cells, such as hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The method in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] S101: After each anode nitrogen purging operation is performed on the fuel cell stack by controlling the nitrogen purging valve, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack are calculated based on the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack and the nitrogen permeability coefficient at the current current density.

[0070] In this embodiment, the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack include the initial anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameters. After the fuel cell stack undergoes one anode nitrogen purging operation controlled by the nitrogen purging valve, the initial anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter can be considered to be 0. The initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameter can be calculated based on the pressure value at the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack. For example, a pressure acquisition device (such as a pressure sensor) is installed at the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack to obtain the cathode inlet pressure. Then, the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameter is obtained by multiplying the cathode inlet pressure according to a preset partial pressure ratio. The partial pressure ratio can be 80%, 85%, 90%, 100%, etc., and is not limited in this embodiment.

[0071] In addition, in this embodiment, the nitrogen permeability coefficient at the current current density can be directly read from the fuel cell controller (FCCU) based on the current current density of the fuel cell stack, and used for anode nitrogen purging control.

[0072] In a specific implementation, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack can be calculated through the following steps: Figure 2 As shown:

[0073] S201: Calculate the nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate of the fuel cell based on the nitrogen permeation coefficient, the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameter, and the initial anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter.

[0074] The nitrogen permeation coefficient, the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameter, and the initial anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter of the fuel cell stack are input into the nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate calculation formula to obtain the nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate of the fuel cell stack.

[0075] The formula for calculating the transmembrane penetration rate of nitrogen gas is as follows:

[0076] F N2 (i)=K N2 (i)×(P N2，ca (i)-P N2，an )

[0077] Among them, K N2 (i) represents the nitrogen permeability coefficient at the current density i, in mol / (sPa), P N2，ca (i) represents the cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameter when the current density is i, P N2，an F represents the partial pressure parameter of nitrogen at the anode. N2 (i) represents the nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate at the current density of i, in mol / L.

[0078] S202: Based on the nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate and the anode parameters of the fuel cell stack, the predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack are calculated. The predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameters constitute the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters.

[0079] The anode parameters of the fuel cell stack include, but are not limited to, gas constant, anode temperature, nitrogen permeation time for each calculation step, and total anode circulation volume.

[0080] The nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate and the anode parameters of the fuel cell stack are input into the formula for calculating the anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter to obtain the predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter.

[0081] The formula for calculating the anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] Where R represents the gas constant, TAN(i) represents the anode temperature at the current density i, and K N2 (i) represents the nitrogen permeation coefficient at the current density i, Δt represents the time for each calculation step of nitrogen permeation, and the value here is taken as the preset calibration time, such as 0.1s, Van represents the total anode circulation volume, and P N2，ca This indicates the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters at the anode.

[0084] In summary, this embodiment obtains the predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter through simple calculation. Compared with obtaining the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter through various sensors, it can avoid the lag in sensor data acquisition and also helps to reduce the design cost of fuel cells.

[0085] S102: The anode nitrogen concentration is calculated based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack.

[0086] In this embodiment, the pressure at the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack can be taken as the anode pressure. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the pressure at other locations in the anode path of the fuel cell stack can also be selected as the anode pressure; this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0087] The predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack are input into the anode nitrogen concentration calculation formula to obtain the anode nitrogen concentration.

[0088] The formula for calculating the anode nitrogen concentration is as follows:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, P N2，ca P represents the predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter. an φ represents the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack.N2 This indicates the concentration of nitrogen gas at the anode.

[0091] S103: When the nitrogen concentration at the anode is greater than the first concentration threshold, control the nitrogen purging valve to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0092] The first concentration threshold can be set according to actual needs, such as 10%, 15%, etc. In this embodiment, the specific value of the first concentration threshold is not limited.

[0093] Specifically, in this embodiment, the anode nitrogen purging operation can be to open the fuel cell stack's purging valve and release nitrogen gas for 3 seconds, 5 seconds, etc. In this embodiment, the specific duration of opening the purging valve is not limited.

[0094] S104: When the anode nitrogen concentration is less than the first concentration threshold, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is used as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter to calculate the new anode nitrogen concentration. This process continues until the new anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold. Then, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0095] Using the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter to calculate the new anode nitrogen concentration means that, based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter of the fuel cell stack and the nitrogen permeability coefficient at the current current density, a new predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is calculated. Then, based on this new predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter and the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack, a new anode nitrogen concentration is calculated. If the new anode nitrogen concentration is still less than a first concentration threshold, then the process continues, using the new predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter and the nitrogen permeability coefficient at the current current density to calculate the new predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter, and then using the new predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter and the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack to calculate the new anode nitrogen concentration. This process continues until the calculated anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, at which point the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack. In other words, before the calculated anode nitrogen concentration exceeds the first concentration threshold, each calculated predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is used for the next anode nitrogen concentration calculation, and this cycle continues until the calculated anode nitrogen concentration exceeds the first concentration threshold.

[0096] It should be noted that this is done before the calculated anode nitrogen concentration exceeds the first concentration threshold. The anode pressure and initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameters used in each anode nitrogen concentration calculation can be real-time values ​​or the same values ​​can be used; this embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0097] In addition, in this embodiment, after calculating the anode nitrogen concentration once, the next calculation of the anode nitrogen concentration begins immediately, or after calculating the anode nitrogen concentration once, a buffer of 1 second or 2 seconds is allowed before starting the next calculation of the anode nitrogen concentration. This embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0098] This invention discloses an anode nitrogen purging control method. After each anode nitrogen purging operation performed on the fuel cell stack by controlling the nitrogen purging valve, a predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is calculated based on the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter of the fuel cell stack. The anode nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack is then calculated based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter. If the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than a first concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack. If the anode nitrogen concentration is less than the first concentration threshold, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is used as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter to calculate a new anode nitrogen concentration. This process continues until the new anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, at which point the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack. Therefore, this embodiment can calculate and update the anode nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack, and then control whether to perform a nitrogen purging operation based on the comparison between the anode nitrogen concentration and the first concentration threshold. Compared with traditional timed nitrogen purging control methods, this method offers greater flexibility.

[0099] In one implementation, the anode nitrogen removal control method in this embodiment may further include the following steps, such as... Figure 3 As shown:

[0100] S301: Obtain the individual cell voltage of all cells in the stack.

[0101] It should be understood that fuel cell stacks are usually composed of individual cells connected in series. During the use of fuel cells, problems such as anode flooding and insufficient anode nitrogen emission may occur, which may lead to abnormal voltage in individual cells. Therefore, by obtaining the individual cell voltages of all cells in the stack, a reference can be provided for whether problems such as anode flooding and insufficient anode nitrogen emission have occurred, and corresponding measures can be taken.

[0102] Specifically, in this embodiment, the individual cell voltage of all cells in the fuel cell stack can be obtained using a battery voltage detector. This battery voltage detector includes a fuel cell monitoring machine (CVM). The individual cell voltage of all cells in the fuel cell stack is obtained through fuel cell monitoring.

[0103] S302: Select the lowest single-cell voltage from the single-cell voltages and calculate the average single-cell voltage based on the single-cell voltages.

[0104] Specifically, in this embodiment, all individual cell voltages can be iterated through to select the lowest individual cell voltage. The average individual cell voltage can then be obtained by summing the individual cell voltages and dividing the sum by the number of battery cells.

[0105] S303: Determine whether the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the first proportion.

[0106] The first ratio can be set according to actual needs, such as 80%, 85%, etc., but is not limited in this embodiment.

[0107] When the minimum single cell voltage is less than the average single cell voltage of the first proportion, the first concentration threshold is updated to the second concentration threshold so that when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the second concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform anode nitrogen purging operation on the stack; when the minimum single cell voltage is greater than or equal to the average single cell voltage of the first proportion, the single cell voltage of all cells in the stack is reacquired.

[0108] In other words, in this embodiment, the fuel cell stack is judged to determine whether there are problems such as anode flooding or insufficient anode nitrogen emission by judging whether the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the first proportion. When the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the first proportion, it is considered that the fuel cell stack may have problems such as anode flooding or insufficient anode nitrogen emission. When the minimum single-cell voltage is greater than or equal to the average single-cell voltage of the first proportion, it is considered that the fuel cell stack has not temporarily experienced problems such as anode flooding or insufficient anode nitrogen emission, and no corresponding treatment is required.

[0109] S304: If the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the first proportion, update the first concentration threshold to the second concentration threshold so that when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the second concentration threshold, control the nitrogen purging valve to perform anode nitrogen purging operation on the stack.

[0110] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the second concentration threshold is lower than the first concentration threshold. In this case, after updating the first concentration threshold to the second concentration threshold, since the second concentration threshold is smaller, the calculated anode nitrogen concentration can exceed the second concentration threshold in a shorter time, thereby controlling the nitrogen purging valve to perform a nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack. In other words, by updating the first concentration threshold to the second concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging frequency of the fuel cell stack can be increased. For example, when the first concentration threshold is used, it takes 10 seconds for the calculated anode nitrogen concentration to exceed the first concentration threshold, that is, a nitrogen purging operation is performed once every 10 seconds. However, after updating the first concentration threshold to the second concentration threshold, it only takes 6 seconds or even less for the calculated anode nitrogen concentration to exceed the second concentration threshold and a nitrogen purging operation is performed once. Thus, the nitrogen purging frequency of the fuel cell stack can be accelerated.

[0111] S305: After the nitrogen purging valve performs the target number of anode nitrogen purging operations on the fuel cell stack, the second concentration threshold is restored to the first concentration threshold.

[0112] After the nitrogen purging valve performs the target number of anode nitrogen purging operations on the fuel cell stack, that is, after the calculated anode nitrogen concentration exceeds the second concentration threshold for the target number of consecutive times, the target number of anode nitrogen purging operations is performed again. Afterwards, the second concentration threshold is restored to the first concentration threshold. In other words, the nitrogen purging valve will only be controlled to perform the anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack again after the calculated anode nitrogen concentration exceeds the first concentration threshold following the target number of anode nitrogen purging operations.

[0113] In another implementation, when the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the first proportion, this embodiment can increase the amount of nitrogen removed from the stack anode by extending the execution time of the next anode nitrogen removal operation. For example, if the original execution time of the anode nitrogen removal operation is 5 seconds, when the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the first proportion, the execution time of the next anode nitrogen removal operation is extended to 10 seconds, thereby effectively increasing the amount of nitrogen removed from the stack anode.

[0114] In summary, by increasing the frequency of anode nitrogen removal operations in this embodiment, the amount of nitrogen removed from the stack anode can be effectively increased, thus effectively solving the problem of insufficient anode nitrogen removal.

[0115] based on Figure 3 In its specific implementation, after step S305, this embodiment may further include the following steps, such as... Figure 4 As shown:

[0116] S306: Reacquire minimum and average cell voltages.

[0117] Specifically, in this embodiment, the individual cell voltage of all cells in the fuel cell stack can be obtained using a battery voltage detector. This battery voltage detector includes a fuel cell monitoring machine (CVM). The individual cell voltage of all cells in the fuel cell stack is obtained through fuel cell monitoring.

[0118] S307: Determine whether the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the second proportion.

[0119] The second ratio can be greater than the first ratio. For example, if the first ratio is 80%, then the second ratio can be 90%. In this embodiment, the specific value of the second ratio is not limited.

[0120] It is important to note that after increasing the frequency of anode nitrogen removal operations and effectively increasing the amount of nitrogen removed from the stack anode, if the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the second proportion, it indicates that there is no problem with insufficient nitrogen removal from the stack anode, but rather a problem with anode flooding. Therefore, the hydrogen pump should be controlled to run at the target speed for the target duration. If the minimum single-cell voltage is greater than the average single-cell voltage of the second proportion, it indicates that there is a problem with insufficient anode nitrogen removal from the stack anode. Now that the problem of insufficient anode nitrogen removal has been resolved, the minimum single-cell voltage and average single-cell voltage should be re-acquired to monitor the stack.

[0121] S308: If the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the second proportion, control the hydrogen pump to run at the target speed for the target duration.

[0122] It should be noted that the target speed in this embodiment is greater than the normal speed of the hydrogen pump. For example, if the normal speed of the hydrogen pump is 2000 r / min, then the target speed can be 3000 r / min, 4000 r / min, etc. The specific value of the target speed is not limited in this embodiment.

[0123] In addition, the target duration in this embodiment can be 30s, 40s, etc., and the specific value of the target duration is not limited in this embodiment.

[0124] It should be understood that in this embodiment, by controlling the hydrogen pump to run at the target speed for the target duration, the anode drainage of the fuel cell stack can be effectively increased, thereby eliminating the impact of anode flooding on the individual cell voltage in the fuel cell stack.

[0125] S309: After controlling the hydrogen pump to run at the target speed for the target duration, the minimum and average cell voltages are reacquired.

[0126] Specifically, in this embodiment, the individual cell voltage of all cells in the fuel cell stack can be obtained using a battery voltage detector. This battery voltage detector includes a fuel cell monitoring machine (CVM). The individual cell voltage of all cells in the fuel cell stack is obtained through fuel cell monitoring.

[0127] S310: When the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the second ratio, a low single-cell voltage alarm is triggered.

[0128] It should be understood that in this embodiment, by increasing the frequency of anode nitrogen removal operations, the amount of nitrogen removed from the stack anode is effectively increased. Furthermore, by controlling the hydrogen pump to run at the target speed for the target duration, the minimum single-cell voltage of the stack is still less than the average single-cell voltage of the second proportion after anode drainage. This indicates that the stack does not have problems with anode flooding or insufficient anode nitrogen removal; rather, the problem may lie with the individual cells within the stack. Therefore, a low single-cell voltage alarm is triggered. In this embodiment, the methods for triggering a low single-cell voltage alarm include, but are not limited to, vehicle audio alarms, text or image alarms on the vehicle's central display screen, and SMS alarms. The specific method for triggering a low single-cell voltage alarm in this embodiment is not limited.

[0129] In summary, this embodiment determines whether the fuel cell stack is experiencing anode flooding by comparing the minimum and average individual cell voltages. This automatically increases the frequency of anode nitrogen purging operations to increase the amount of nitrogen purged from the anode, thereby eliminating the impact of anode flooding on the individual cell voltages in the fuel cell stack. The entire process is automatically controlled, which helps improve the automation level of fuel cells.

[0130] based on Figure 4 In its specific implementation, the anode nitrogen evacuation control method in this embodiment may further include the following steps, such as... Figure 5 As shown:

[0131] S501: If the minimum single-cell voltage is greater than the average single-cell voltage of the second proportion, suspend the anode nitrogen removal operation.

[0132] In other words, when the nitrogen concentration at the anode exceeds the first concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is temporarily not controlled to perform anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0133] S502: Real-time acquisition of minimum and average cell voltages, and monitoring whether the minimum cell voltage is equal to the average cell voltage of the third ratio.

[0134] The third ratio can be the same as or different from the first ratio. For example, if the third ratio and the first ratio are both 80%, the value of the third ratio is not limited in this embodiment.

[0135] The system acquires the individual cell voltages of all cells in the stack in real time, selects the lowest individual cell voltage from the individual cell voltages, and calculates the average individual cell voltage based on the individual cell voltages. When the lowest individual cell voltage is greater than the average individual cell voltage of the third ratio, the system acquires the individual cell voltages of all cells in the stack again, selects the lowest individual cell voltage from the individual cell voltages, and calculates the average individual cell voltage based on the individual cell voltages, until the lowest individual cell voltage equals the average individual cell voltage of the third ratio.

[0136] Specifically, in this embodiment, the individual cell voltage of all cells in the fuel cell stack can be obtained using a battery voltage detector. This battery voltage detector includes a fuel cell monitoring machine (CVM). The individual cell voltage of all cells in the fuel cell stack is obtained through fuel cell monitoring.

[0137] S503: When the minimum single-cell voltage is equal to the average single-cell voltage of the third ratio, record the anode nitrogen concentration obtained by the current consecutive preset number of times, and calculate the corresponding average nitrogen concentration.

[0138] It is important to note that the anode nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack is continuously calculated until the minimum individual cell voltage equals the average individual cell voltage at the third ratio. Specifically, after the last anode nitrogen purging operation performed by controlling the purging valve, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter of the fuel cell stack is calculated based on the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter and the nitrogen permeability coefficient at the current current density. The anode nitrogen concentration is then calculated based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter and the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack. This predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is then used as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter to calculate the new anode nitrogen concentration. This process continues until the minimum individual cell voltage equals the average individual cell voltage at the third ratio. At this point, the new anode nitrogen concentration calculated for the current preset number of consecutive cycles is recorded, and the corresponding average nitrogen concentration is calculated. The preset number of cycles can be 3, 4, etc., and the specific value of the preset number of cycles is not limited in this embodiment.

[0139] S504: The updated permeability coefficient is calculated based on the average nitrogen concentration, nitrogen permeability coefficient, and the initial nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack in its initial state.

[0140] The initial nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack in its initial state refers to the anode nitrogen concentration measured when the stack is manufactured, starting operation but without nitrogen purging, until the minimum individual cell voltage equals the average individual cell voltage of the third ratio. The method for measuring the anode nitrogen concentration is not limited in this embodiment.

[0141] The average nitrogen concentration and the initial nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack in its initial state are input into the updated permeability coefficient calculation formula to obtain the updated permeability coefficient.

[0142] The formula for calculating the updated permeability coefficient is shown below:

[0143]

[0144] Among them, K N2 (i) represents the nitrogen permeability coefficient when the current density is i, φ N2 (V i ×80%) represents the initial nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack in its initial state, φ N2 (JS) j K represents the average nitrogen concentration.N2 (i) GX This indicates an update to the penetration coefficient.

[0145] S505: Calculate the anode nitrogen concentration based on the updated permeability coefficient, and when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, control the nitrogen purging valve to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0146] Understandably, after each anode nitrogen purging operation performed on the fuel cell stack by controlling the nitrogen purging valve, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter of the fuel cell stack is calculated based on the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter and the updated permeability coefficient. The anode nitrogen concentration is calculated based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter and the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack. When the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack. When the anode nitrogen concentration is less than the first concentration threshold, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is used as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter to calculate the new anode nitrogen concentration. This process continues until the new anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, at which point the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0147] In summary, by updating the permeability coefficient in this embodiment, the calculated anode nitrogen concentration can be more accurate, which allows for more reasonable control of the anode nitrogen purging frequency of the fuel cell stack, thus avoiding problems such as insufficient anode nitrogen purging and excessive anode nitrogen purging.

[0148] based on Figure 1 In this specific implementation, the nitrogen permeability coefficient can be obtained in the following way: Figure 6 As shown:

[0149] S061: Obtain the current density of the fuel cell stack at the current time.

[0150] Specifically, in this embodiment, the current density of the fuel cell stack currently in operation can be obtained from the fuel cell controller.

[0151] S602: In the preset permeability coefficient table, look up the calibration current density corresponding to the current current density.

[0152] In this embodiment, the permeability coefficient table is pre-programmed into the fuel cell controller. After obtaining the current current density of the fuel cell stack, the calibrated current density corresponding to the current current density can be directly queried from the permeability coefficient table.

[0153] S603: Use the nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the calibrated current density as the nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the current current density.

[0154] Specifically, when the current current density is equal to the calibrated current density, the nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the calibrated current density is directly obtained; when the current current density is not equal to the calibrated current density, the nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the calibrated current density that is closest to the current current density is obtained.

[0155] based on Figure 6 In the specific implementation, the nitrogen permeability coefficients corresponding to different calibrated current densities in the permeability coefficient table of this embodiment are obtained by testing in the following manner, such as... Figure 7 As shown:

[0156] S701: Set the test stack in the fuel cell test platform to operate at different calibrated current densities.

[0157] Specifically, in this embodiment, the operating current density of the fuel cell test platform can be controlled by the controller of the fuel cell test platform, adjusting the operating current density of the fuel cell test platform to the corresponding calibrated current density. Different calibrated current densities include, but are not limited to, 0.1 A / cm², 0.2 A / cm², 0.3 A / cm², etc., and are not limited in this embodiment.

[0158] S702: Performs real-time composition analysis and flow monitoring on the exhaust gas emitted from the fuel cell test platform within a preset time period to obtain the average nitrogen flow rate in the exhaust gas.

[0159] The exhaust gas mainly includes the gas discharged from the nitrogen venting valve of the fuel cell test stack on the fuel cell test platform.

[0160] Specifically, in this embodiment, the exhaust gas emitted from the fuel cell test platform can be analyzed using a gas composition analyzer, and the flow rate of the exhaust gas emitted from the fuel cell test platform can be monitored using a gas flow meter. The gas composition analyzer can analyze the proportions of hydrogen, nitrogen, and water vapor in the anode exhaust in real time. Combined with the readings from the gas flow meter, the real-time nitrogen flow rate of the anode exhaust can be obtained. Then, the average nitrogen flow rate of the anode exhaust is taken as the average flow rate over a preset time period. The preset time period includes, but is not limited to, 5 minutes, 6 minutes, etc., and is not limited in this embodiment.

[0161] S703: Use the average nitrogen flow rate as the nitrogen permeability coefficient.

[0162] Specifically, in this embodiment, the nitrogen permeability coefficient can be equal to the nitrogen flow rate permeating from the cathode to the anode of the fuel cell stack. Therefore, in this embodiment, the unit of the calculated average nitrogen flow rate is changed to mol / s to obtain the nitrogen permeability coefficient.

[0163] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0164] like Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an anode nitrogen emission control device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. This device is applicable to fuel cells and equipment equipped with fuel cells, such as hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The device in this embodiment specifically includes the following units:

[0165] The partial pressure parameter calculation unit 801 is used to calculate the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack based on the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack and the nitrogen permeability coefficient at the current current density after each anode nitrogen purging operation is performed on the fuel cell stack by controlling the nitrogen purging valve.

[0166] The nitrogen concentration calculation unit 802 is used to calculate the anode nitrogen concentration based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack.

[0167] The anode nitrogen purging operation unit 803 is used to control the nitrogen purging valve to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold.

[0168] The partial pressure parameter update unit 804 is used to use the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter when the anode nitrogen concentration is less than the first concentration threshold, so as to calculate the new anode nitrogen concentration until the new anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, and then control the nitrogen purging valve to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0169] In one implementation, the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter includes the initial anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter and the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameter;

[0170] The pressure divider parameter calculation unit 801 is used for:

[0171] Based on the nitrogen permeation coefficient, the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the initial anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell, the nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate of the fuel cell is calculated.

[0172] Based on the nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate and the anode parameters of the fuel cell stack, the predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack are calculated. The predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameters constitute the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters.

[0173] In one implementation, the apparatus in this embodiment further includes a threshold update unit, which is used to:

[0174] Obtain the individual cell voltage of all cells in the fuel cell stack;

[0175] The lowest single-cell voltage is selected from the single-cell voltages, and the average single-cell voltage is calculated based on the single-cell voltages.

[0176] Determine whether the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the first proportion;

[0177] If the minimum cell voltage is less than the average cell voltage of the first proportion, the first concentration threshold is updated to the second concentration threshold so that when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the second concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform anode nitrogen purging operation on the stack.

[0178] After the nitrogen purging valve performs the target number of anode nitrogen purging operations on the fuel cell stack, the second concentration threshold is restored to the first concentration threshold.

[0179] In one implementation, the apparatus in this embodiment further includes a low-voltage alarm unit, which is used for:

[0180] Reacquire the minimum and average cell voltages;

[0181] Determine whether the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the second proportion;

[0182] If the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the second proportion, control the hydrogen pump to run at the target speed for the target duration;

[0183] After controlling the hydrogen pump to run at the target speed for the target duration, the minimum and average cell voltages are reacquired again.

[0184] A low cell voltage alarm is triggered when the minimum cell voltage is less than the average cell voltage of the second proportion.

[0185] In one implementation, the apparatus in this embodiment further includes a permeability coefficient updating unit, which is used for:

[0186] If the minimum cell voltage is greater than the average cell voltage of the second proportion, the anode nitrogen removal operation is suspended.

[0187] The minimum and average cell voltages are acquired in real time, and it is monitored whether the minimum cell voltage is equal to the average cell voltage of the third ratio.

[0188] When the minimum single-cell voltage is equal to the average single-cell voltage of the third ratio, record the anode nitrogen concentration obtained from the current consecutive preset number of calculations, and calculate the corresponding average nitrogen concentration;

[0189] The update index is calculated based on the average nitrogen concentration and the initial nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack in its initial state.

[0190] Based on the update index, the nitrogen permeability coefficient is updated to obtain the updated permeability coefficient;

[0191] The anode nitrogen concentration is calculated based on the updated permeability coefficient, and when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0192] In one implementation, the nitrogen permeability coefficient is obtained by means of:

[0193] Obtain the current density of the fuel cell stack at the current time.

[0194] In the preset permeability coefficient table, look up the calibration current density corresponding to the current current density;

[0195] The nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the calibrated current density is used as the nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the current current density.

[0196] In one implementation, the nitrogen permeability coefficients corresponding to different calibrated current densities in the permeability coefficient table are obtained by testing in the following manner:

[0197] The test stacks in the fuel cell test platform were set to operate at different calibrated current densities.

[0198] The composition and flow rate of the exhaust gas emitted by the fuel cell test platform are analyzed in real time within a preset time period to obtain the average nitrogen flow rate in the exhaust gas.

[0199] The average nitrogen flow rate is used as the nitrogen permeability coefficient.

[0200] For specific limitations regarding the anode nitrogen evacuation control device, please refer to the relevant limitations on the anode nitrogen evacuation control method mentioned above, which will not be repeated here. Each module in the aforementioned anode nitrogen evacuation control device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in the processor within the fuel cell in hardware form or independently of it, or stored in the fuel cell's memory in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0201] In one implementation, such as Figure 9 As shown in the embodiments, this application discloses a fuel cell, including a controller and a nitrogen venting valve. The controller controls the nitrogen venting valve to implement the anode nitrogen venting control method disclosed in any of the above embodiments.

[0202] In one implementation, embodiments of this application disclose a computer-readable storage medium that, when executed by a processor in a computer device, enables the computer device to perform various steps of any embodiment of an anode nitrogen removal control method disclosed herein. The computer-readable storage medium may be non-volatile or volatile.

[0203] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program performing the following steps when executed by a processor:

[0204] After each anode nitrogen purging operation is performed on the fuel cell stack by controlling the nitrogen purging valve, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack are calculated based on the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack and the nitrogen permeability coefficient at the current current density.

[0205] The anode nitrogen concentration is calculated based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack.

[0206] When the nitrogen concentration at the anode exceeds the first concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0207] When the anode nitrogen concentration is less than the first concentration threshold, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is used as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter to calculate the new anode nitrogen concentration. This process continues until the new anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, at which point the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

[0208] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), RAMbus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0209] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0210] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling nitrogen evacuation from the anode, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the current current density of the fuel cell stack, look up the preset permeability coefficient table, and determine the nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the current current density; The initial nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack are obtained, including the initial anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameters. The nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate of the fuel cell stack is calculated based on the nitrogen permeation coefficient, the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameter, and the initial anode nitrogen partial pressure parameter. Based on the nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate and the anode parameters of the fuel cell stack, the predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack are calculated. The anode parameters include the gas constant, anode temperature, nitrogen permeation time for each calculation step, and total anode circulation volume. The predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameters constitute the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters. The anode nitrogen concentration is calculated based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack. When the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack. When the anode nitrogen concentration is less than the first concentration threshold, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter is used as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter to calculate the new anode nitrogen concentration. This process continues until the new anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, at which point the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

2. The anode nitrogen removal control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the individual cell voltage of all cells in the stack; The lowest individual cell voltage is selected from the individual cell voltages, and the average individual cell voltage is calculated based on the individual cell voltages; Determine whether the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the first proportion; If the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the first proportion, the first concentration threshold is updated to a second concentration threshold so that when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the second concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform the anode nitrogen purging operation on the stack. After the nitrogen purging valve performs the anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack a target number of times, the second concentration threshold is restored to the first concentration threshold.

3. The anode nitrogen removal control method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, After restoring the second concentration threshold to the first concentration threshold, the method further includes: Reacquire the minimum cell voltage and the average cell voltage; Determine whether the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the second ratio; If the minimum single-cell voltage is less than the average single-cell voltage of the second ratio, control the hydrogen pump to run at the target speed for the target duration; After controlling the hydrogen pump to run at the target speed for the target duration, the minimum cell voltage and the average cell voltage are reacquired again. A low cell voltage alarm is triggered when the minimum cell voltage is less than the average cell voltage of the second ratio.

4. The anode nitrogen removal control method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, If the minimum single-cell voltage is greater than the average single-cell voltage of the second ratio, the anode nitrogen removal operation is suspended. The minimum cell voltage and the average cell voltage are acquired in real time, and it is monitored whether the minimum cell voltage is equal to the average cell voltage at a third ratio. When the minimum single-cell voltage is equal to the average single-cell voltage of the third ratio, record the anode nitrogen concentration calculated for the current consecutive preset number of times, and calculate the corresponding average nitrogen concentration; The update index is calculated based on the average nitrogen concentration and the initial nitrogen concentration of the fuel cell stack in its initial state. Based on the update index, the nitrogen permeability coefficient is updated to obtain the updated permeability coefficient; The anode nitrogen concentration is calculated based on the updated permeability coefficient, and when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, the nitrogen purging valve is controlled to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack.

5. The anode nitrogen removal control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the current current density of the fuel cell stack, querying a preset permeability coefficient table, and determining the nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the current current density includes: Obtain the current density of the fuel cell stack at the current; In the preset permeability coefficient table, look up the calibration current density corresponding to the current current density; The nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the calibrated current density is used as the nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the current current density.

6. The anode nitrogen removal control method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The nitrogen permeability coefficients corresponding to different calibration current densities in the permeability coefficient table were obtained by testing in the following manner: The test stack in the fuel cell test platform was set to operate at different calibration current densities; The composition and flow rate of the exhaust gas emitted by the fuel cell test platform are analyzed in real time within a preset time period to obtain the average nitrogen flow rate in the exhaust gas. The average nitrogen flow rate is used as the nitrogen permeability coefficient.

7. An anode nitrogen removal control device, characterized in that, include: The pressure divider parameter calculation unit is used to obtain the current current density of the fuel cell stack, look up a preset permeability coefficient table, and determine the nitrogen permeability coefficient corresponding to the current current density. The initial nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack are obtained, including the initial anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameters. Based on the nitrogen permeation coefficient, the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameters, and the initial anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters, the nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate of the fuel cell stack is calculated. Based on the nitrogen gas transmembrane penetration rate and the anode parameters of the fuel cell stack, the predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack are calculated. The anode parameters include the gas constant, anode temperature, the time for nitrogen permeation at each calculation step, and the total anode circulation volume. The predicted anode nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the initial cathode nitrogen partial pressure parameters constitute the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters. After each anode nitrogen purging operation is performed on the fuel cell stack by controlling the nitrogen purging valve, the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack are calculated based on the initial nitrogen partial pressure parameters of the fuel cell stack and the nitrogen permeation coefficient at the current current density. The nitrogen concentration calculation unit is used to calculate the anode nitrogen concentration based on the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameters and the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack. The anode nitrogen purging operation unit is used to control the nitrogen purging valve to perform an anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack when the anode nitrogen concentration is greater than a first concentration threshold. The partial pressure parameter update unit is used to use the predicted nitrogen partial pressure parameter as the new initial nitrogen partial pressure parameter when the anode nitrogen concentration is less than the first concentration threshold, so as to calculate the new anode nitrogen concentration, until the new anode nitrogen concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, and then control the nitrogen purging valve to perform the anode nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell stack once.

8. A fuel cell, comprising a controller and a nitrogen purging valve, characterized in that, The controller controls the nitrogen venting valve to implement the anode nitrogen venting control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the anode nitrogen removal control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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