Display system

Abstract

The display system (1) includes a display device (10) and an optical system (20). The display device (10) includes a display surface (10a) and a pixel array (10b). The pixel array (10b) is arranged in an area including the display surface (10a). In the pixel array (10b), a plurality of pixels (12r, 12g, 12b) are arranged three-dimensionally. The plurality of pixels (12r, 12g, 12b) correspond to a plurality of colors. The optical system (20) has a lens group (20a). The lens group (20a) includes a plurality of lenses (21 to 26). The optical system (20) is configured to convert light from the display device (10) into collimated light. When the distance between the display surface (10a) and the exit pupil plane is D TTL And half of the maximum dimension of the display surface (10a) is W DISD When the display system (1) satisfies "D TTL / W DISD <4”.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a display system. Background Art

[0002] A display system for implementing augmented reality (AR) can transmit light from the outside world to the user's eyes through a light guide member. Simultaneously, the display system can convert light from the display device into collimated light through a collimating optical system and guide the collimated light to the user's eyes through the light guide member. Summary of the Invention

[0003] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

[0004] The AR image can be a multi-color (e.g., full-color) image. In this case, to correspond to multiple colors, when a waveform synthesis prism is added between the display device and the collimating optical system to synthesize multiple monochromatic light rays, the waveform synthesis prism widens the distance between the display device and the collimating optical system to increase the focal length of the collimating optical system. As a result, not only does the size of the optical system including the collimating optical system increase, but the angle of emission (i.e., the field of view angle of the AR image actually projected onto the eye) of the virtual image emitted from the display device becomes smaller.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a display system capable of easily reducing the size of an optical system having a large angle of view.

[0006] [Solution to the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems and achieve the above objectives, a display system according to one aspect of the present invention includes a display device and an optical system. The display device includes a display surface and a pixel array. The pixel array is arranged in an area including the display surface. In the pixel array, a plurality of pixels are arranged three-dimensionally on the display surface. Each of the plurality of pixels corresponds to a color. The optical system has a lens group. The lens group includes a plurality of lenses. The optical system is configured to convert light from the display device into collimated light. When the distance between the display surface and the exit pupil surface is D TTL And half of the maximum dimension of the display surface is W DIsD When the display system satisfies “D TTL / W DIsD <4”.

[0008] [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, the size of an optical system can be easily reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a display system according to an embodiment;

[0011] Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a display device according to an embodiment;

[0012] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a pixel group according to an embodiment;

[0013] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an optical system according to an embodiment;

[0014] Figure 5 is a diagram showing the size of a display device and the size of a lens stop according to an embodiment;

[0015] Figure 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an optical system according to an embodiment;

[0016] Figure 7 is a diagram showing the lens shape of an optical system according to an embodiment;

[0017] Figure 8 is a diagram showing characteristics of an optical system according to an embodiment;

[0018] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a display device according to a first modified example of the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an optical system according to a second modified example of the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of an optical system according to a second modified example of the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 12 is a diagram showing a lens shape of an optical system according to a second modified example of the embodiment;

[0022] Figure 13 is a diagram showing characteristics of an optical system according to a second modified example of the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an optical system according to a third modified example of the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 15 is a diagram showing a configuration of an optical system according to a third modified example of the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 16is a diagram showing the lens shape of an optical system according to a third modified example of the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 17 is a diagram showing characteristics of an optical system according to a third modified example of the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an optical system according to a fourth modified example of the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 19 is a diagram showing a configuration of an optical system according to a fourth modified example of the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 20 is a diagram showing the lens shape of an optical system according to a fourth modified example of the embodiment;

[0030] Figure 21 is a diagram showing characteristics of an optical system according to a fourth modified example of the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an optical system according to a fifth modified example of the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 23 is a diagram showing a configuration of an optical system according to a fifth modified example of the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 24 is a diagram showing a lens shape of an optical system according to a fifth modified example of the embodiment; and

[0034] Figure 25 : is a graph showing characteristics of an optical system according to a fifth modified example of the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Hereinafter, the display system according to the embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0036] (Example)

[0037] The display system according to the embodiment is, for example, a system for realizing a multi-color AR image (for example, AR glasses), and is configured by combining a display device and an optical system, but an effort is made to reduce the size of the optical system. Figure 1 The display system 1 is configured as shown. Figure 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the display system 1 .

[0038] The display system 1 includes a display device 10, an optical system 20, and a light guide member 30. The display device 10 is arranged on the object side of the optical system 20. The light guide member 30 is arranged on the image side of the optical system 20. The light guide member 30 is, for example, a light guide plate 31. The optical system 20 is arranged between a side surface 31c of the light guide plate 31 and the display surface 10a of the display device 10. The side surface 31c of the light guide plate 31 is substantially consistent with the exit pupil surface of the optical system 20. The side surface 31c has a wedge shape, and when the side surface goes from the front surface 31a to the rear surface 31b, the side surface is inclined toward the rear surface 31b. By adopting such a wedge shape, the light collimated by the optical system 20 can be incident on the light guide plate 31 to be guided by total reflection. It should be noted that the wedge shape may not be adopted, but a diffractive optical element (DOE), a holographic optical element (HOE), etc. may be arranged on the front surface 31a or the back surface 31b. For example, the light collimated by the optical system 20 can be incident on the DOE and HOE in the light guide plate 31, and the DOE and HOE change the guidance angle, thereby guiding the light in the light guide plate 31 by total reflection.

[0039] The display system 1 can transmit light from the outside world to the user's eye 100 using a light guide member 30. Simultaneously, the display system can convert light from the display device 10 into collimated light using the optical system 20, and guide the collimated light to the user's eye 100 using the light guide member 30. Collimated light injected from the side surface 31c of the light guide plate 31 passes through the light guide plate 31 while being reflected by the front and rear surfaces 31a, 31b of the light guide plate 31. A diffractive optical element (DOE) is formed in the area indicated by the bold lines on the front surface 31a of the light guide plate 31. The diffractive optical element (DOE) has a periodic non-uniform isodiffraction grating structure and is configured so that light with a predetermined wavelength injected at a predetermined angle among the light rays passing through the light guide plate 31 is reflected toward the eye 100. Light diffracted by the diffractive optical element (DOE) from the light rays passing through the light guide plate 31 can be guided toward the user's eye 100. This allows a user who is away from the light guide member 30 to visually recognize an AR image based on the image of the display device 10 without loss of quality. Furthermore, the light guide plate 31 can easily expand the image by receiving the image of the display device 10 as collimated light so that the user visually recognizes the image as an AR image.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the display device 10 may be configured to be capable of displaying multi-color (eg, full-color) images. Figure 2 It is a perspective view showing the configuration of the display device 10 .

[0041] The display device 10 includes a display surface 10a, a pixel array 10b and a panel 11. Figure 2 In the diagram, the direction perpendicular to the surface of the plate 11 is the Z direction, and the two directions perpendicular to each other on the surface perpendicular to the Z direction are the X and Y directions. The display surface 10a extends in the XY directions. The image of the display device 10 is displayed on the display surface 10a. The optical system 20 is arranged on the +Z side of the display surface 10a. The display device 10 emits light from the display surface 10a to the optical system 20 according to the image.

[0042] The pixel array 10b is arranged in a region including the display surface 10a and between the display surface 10a and the board 11. In the pixel array 10b, a plurality of pixel groups 13 (1, 1) to 13 (m, n) are arranged in the XY direction. Figure 2 1 shows an exemplary configuration in which pixel groups 13(1, 1) to 13(m, n) are arranged to form m rows and n columns. Each of the pixel groups 13 is arranged on the +Z side of the panel 11. In each of the pixel groups 13, a plurality of pixels 12 are arranged in the Z direction. Thus, in the pixel array 10b, the plurality of pixels 12 are arranged three-dimensionally in the XYZ directions on the display surface 10a.

[0043] Each pixel group in the pixel group 13 includes a plurality of pixels 12r, 12g and 12b. In the pixel group 13, the pixels 12b, 12g, 12r are arranged along the Z direction from the direction close to the optical system 20. In the plurality of pixels 12r, 12g and 12b, the central axes passing through the center of the light exit surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface can basically coincide with each other. An axis roughly approximating the central axes of the plurality of pixels 12r, 12g, 12b can also be regarded as the central axis of the pixel group 13. Each pixel in the plurality of pixels 12r, 12g and 12b corresponds to a color. Pixel 12r corresponds to a first color, pixel 12g corresponds to a second color, and pixel 12b corresponds to a third color. The first color is light within a first wavelength range. The second color is light within a second wavelength range, and the second wavelength range is shorter than the first wavelength range. The third color is light within a third wavelength range, and the third wavelength range is shorter than the second wavelength range. For example, the first color is red (Red, R), the second color is green (Green, G), and the third color is blue (Blue, B). In Figure 2 , the pixel corresponding to blue is 12b, the pixel corresponding to green is 12g, and the pixel corresponding to red is 12r. In each pixel group 13, pixels 12r, 12g, and 12b are stacked on the board 11 by bonding or the like. The stacking order is not limited to Figure 2 The stacking order shown is arbitrary.

[0044] The display device 10 is, for example, a micro light emitting diode (LED) display. Figure 3 As shown, in pixels 12r, 12g, and 12b, P-type semiconductor films 12rp, 12gp, and 12bp extending in the XY directions and N-type semiconductor films 12rn, 12gn, and 12bn extending in the XY directions are stacked in the Z direction. A voltage is applied to the pixels 12r, 12g, and 12b in the positive direction from a control circuit (not shown), so that light is emitted from the bonding interfaces 15r, 15g, and 15b between the P-type semiconductor films 12rp, 12gp, and 12bp and the N-type semiconductor films 12rn, 12gn, and 12bn. At this time, in each of the pixel groups 13, red light generated from the bonded outer surface 15r of the pixel 12r transmits through the pixels 12g and 12b and is emitted from the display surface 10a to the optical system 20, green light generated from the bonded outer surface 15g of the pixel 12g transmits through the pixel 12b and is emitted from the display surface 10a to the optical system 20, and blue light generated from the bonded outer surface 15b of the pixel 12b is emitted from the display surface 10a to the optical system 20. The emission intensities of the pixels 12r, 12g, and 12b can be individually adjusted by the control circuit according to the color to be displayed.

[0045] It should be noted that if Figure 3 As shown, reflective members 14R and 14L can be arranged on the side walls 13R and 13L of the pixel group 13. The reflective members 14R and 14L can be formed of a material having reflective properties (e.g., metal), or can be formed of a material having a large refractive index difference with the material of the P-type semiconductor films 12rp, 12gp, and 12bp and the material of the N-type semiconductor films 12rn, 12gn, and 12bn (e.g., silicon oxide). Thus, the reflective member 14R is arranged on the side wall 13R of the pixel group 13, thereby forming a reflective interface on the side wall 13R. The reflective member 14L is arranged on the side wall 13L of the pixel group 13, thereby forming a reflective interface on the side wall 13L. Thus, in each pixel group 13, light emitted from the bonding interfaces 15r, 15g, and 15b of the pixels 12r, 12g, and 12b toward the side walls 13R and 13L can be reflected and guided in a direction toward the optical system 20.

[0046] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in the display device 10, since the plurality of pixels 12 corresponding to the plurality of colors in the pixel array 10b are three-dimensionally arranged, the number of pixels of each color in a predetermined area can be easily increased, and the image of the display device 10 can be made high-definition. Alternatively, the aperture ratio of the pixels of each color in the predetermined area and the number of predetermined pixels can be easily increased, and the brightness of the image of the display device 10 can be improved.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, the optical system 20 is configured to convert light from the display device 10 into collimated light. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the optical system 20. Figure 4 In FIG, the optical axis is shown by a dot-dash line.

[0048] The optical system 20 includes a lens group 20a. The lens group 20a has an incident surface 20b and an exit pupil surface 20c. The incident surface 20b faces the display surface 10a. The exit pupil surface 20c substantially coincides with a side surface 31c of a light guide member 30 (e.g., a light guide plate 31). The optical system 20 receives light emitted from the display surface 10a of the display device 10 at the incident surface 20b, refracts the light to convert it into collimated light substantially parallel to the optical axis PA, and emits the collimated light from the exit pupil surface 20c.

[0049] Lens group 20a includes, in order from the object side to the image side, a plurality of lenses 21 to 26 and a lens stop 27. The plurality of lenses 21 to 26 and lens stop 27 are arranged along optical axis PA, and each of the plurality of lenses 21 to 26 and lens stop 27 intersects optical axis PA. The incident surface of lens 21, which is closest to the object side among the plurality of lenses 21 to 26, forms incident surface 20b of optical system 20. Lens stop 27 is arranged at exit pupil surface 20c of optical system 20.

[0050] Lenses 21 to 26 are made of a light-transmitting material, such as glass, quartz, or light-transmitting plastic. Lens stop 27 may be made of a light-shielding material or any material coated with a suitable light-shielding color such as black.

[0051] The plurality of lenses 21 to 26 are formed by combining a lens having positive refractive power and a lens having negative refractive power to correct aberrations of the lens group 20a. The plurality of lenses 21 to 26 may have different cross-sectional shapes including the optical axis PA. Figure 1 , a lens configuration is exemplarily shown, in which lenses 22, 24, and 26 have positive refractive power in the paraxial region, and other lenses 21, 23, and 25 have negative refractive power in the paraxial region.

[0052] It is desirable that the number of lenses included in the lens group 20a is 5 or more and 8 or less. If the number of lenses is 4 or less, it may be difficult to correct aberration characteristics within an allowable range. If the number of lenses is 9 or more, the size of the optical system 20 may increase beyond the allowable range.

[0053] The lens group 20a may include a convex lens on the image side. The lens group 20a may include a meniscus lens or a concave lens on the object side. Figure 4 In the example shown, the image-side lens 26 is a convex lens, and the object-side lens 21 is a meniscus lens.

[0054] In the lens group 20a, the diameter of the lens close to the incident surface 20b may be larger than the diameter of the lens close to the exit pupil surface 20c. Figure 4 In FIG, the diameter of lens 21 is larger than the diameter of lens 26.

[0055] The lens stop 27 is arranged in the Z direction between the light guide member 30 (for example, the light guide plate 31) and the lens 26. The lens stop 27 has an aperture 27a. The aperture 27a is substantially circular in an XY plane view.

[0056] Here, it is assumed that the distance between the display surface 10a and the exit pupil surface 20c is D TTL Assume that the distance between the display surface 10a and the point where the optical axis PA intersects the incident surface 20b of the lens 21 closest to the object side among the plurality of lenses 21 to 26 is D BL .like Figure 5 As shown in (a), the display surface 10a of the display device 10 is rectangular in shape, wherein the X direction is the long side direction in the XY plane view and the length of the diagonal line is the maximum dimension. Assuming that half of the maximum dimension of the display surface 10a is W DISD Assume that half of the size of the display surface 10a along the short side direction is E DISV . Figure 5 (a) is a diagram showing the size of the display surface 10a of the display device 10. Figure 5 As shown in (b), the aperture 27a of the lens stop 27 is substantially circular in the XY plane view, and its diameter is the aperture diameter. Assuming that the aperture diameter of the lens stop 27 is W EXA . Figure 5 (b) is a diagram showing the size of the aperture 27 a of the lens stop 27 .

[0057] At this time, the optical system 20 satisfies the following expressions (1) to (5).

[0058] D TTL / W DISD <4 (1)

[0059] DTTL / W DISD >1.9 (2)

[0060] tan(θ DFO V / 2)<0.75 (3)

[0061] D BL <E DIsV (4)

[0062] D EFL / W EXA <3.5 (5)

[0063] By satisfying expression (1) in the optical system 20, when the display device 10 is made into a small size, since the overall length of the optical system 20 in the direction of the optical axis PA can also be reduced accordingly, the size of the optical system 20 can be reduced according to the display device 10, and a stylish appearance of the display system 1 (for example, AR glasses) can be achieved.

[0064] By satisfying expression (2) in the optical system 20, since the number of lenses suitable for aberration correction of the optical system 20 can be included (for example, more than 5 and less than 8), the imaging characteristics of the optical system 20 can be within an allowable range, and the performance of the display system 1 can be improved.

[0065] By satisfying expression (3) in the optical system 20, since the field angle can be widely secured while reducing the size of the optical system 20, a stylish appearance of the display system 1 can be achieved, and a wide field of view image can also be achieved, and the sense of reality during use can be increased. In the case where expression (3) is not satisfied, since the field angle becomes larger, the light guide member 30 also becomes larger, which makes it difficult to adapt the display system to an appropriate size when it is installed on AR glasses having a very stylish eyeglass shape, for example.

[0066] By satisfying expression (4) in the optical system 20, when the display device 10 is made small-sized, the focal length of the optical system 20 can be reduced since the back focus can be shortened accordingly, and the optical system easily has a wide field of view and a compact size.

[0067] By satisfying Expression (5) in the optical system 20 , since the effective F number can be reduced, the image synthesized by the optical system 20 can easily have high brightness.

[0068] Next, refer to Figures 4 to 7 The mounting configuration of the optical system 20 is described. Figure 6 2 is a diagram showing the optical configuration and characteristics of the optical system 20 . Figure 7 2 is a diagram showing the surface shapes of lenses 21 to 26 in the lens group 20 a .

[0069] exist Figure 4 , a configuration in which the number of lenses 21 to 26 included in the lens group 20a is 6 is exemplarily shown. Figure 4 In FIG. 1 , the optical axis PA is shown by a dashed line and passes through the substantial center of the aperture 27a of the lens stop 27. From the center CP of the display surface 10a of the display device 10 (refer to FIG. Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a) is shown by a solid line. Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a) is shown by a dotted line. Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a)) is shown by a two-dot chain line.

[0070] Figure 6 (a) shows that the optical system 20 satisfies all the expressions (1) to (5). In other words, Figure 6 (a) of FIG. 1 , which indicates that by being configured to satisfy all of expressions (1) to (5), in the optical system 20, the overall length (length in the Z direction) can be set to approximately 8.052 mm, and the field angle can be ensured to be “θ DFOV = approximately 72.000 [°]", and the effective F number can be reduced to approximately 1.483.

[0071] exist Figure 6 (b) and Figure 7 In (a) and (b), the surface numbers are assigned as follows:

[0072] Surface number: 1: exit surface of lens aperture 27;

[0073] Surface number: 3: exit surface of lens 26;

[0074] Surface number: 4: incident surface of lens 26;

[0075] Surface number: 5: exit surface of lens 25;

[0076] Surface number: 6: incident surface of lens 25;

[0077] Surface number: 7: exit surface of lens 24;

[0078] Surface number: 8: incident surface of lens 24;

[0079] Surface number: 9: exit surface of lens 23;

[0080] Surface number: 10: incident surface of lens 23;

[0081] Surface number: 11: exit surface of lens 22;

[0082] Surface number: 12: incident surface of lens 22;

[0083] Surface number: 13: exit surface of lens 21; and

[0084] Surface number: 14: Incident surface of lens 21.

[0085] exist Figure 6 In (b), the curvature radius R [mm], surface spacing D [mm], refractive index Nd, Abbe number Vd, and focal length are indicated for each of surface numbers 1 to 14. The lens configuration is represented by the curvature radius R. Lens group 20a is configured to include, in the paraxial region, from the image side: a convex lens 26; a positive meniscus lens 25 with its convex surface facing the image side; a positive meniscus lens 24 with its convex surface facing the image side; a positive meniscus lens 23 with its convex surface facing the image side; a convex lens 22; and a positive meniscus lens 21 with its convex surface facing the image side. By having lenses 21 to 26 have different refractive indices Nd and Abbe numbers Vd, chromatic aberration can be preferably corrected.

[0086] exist Figure 7 In (a) and (b), the aspherical shape is indicated for each of surface numbers 3 to 14. Assuming that the Z position (position in the direction of the optical axis PA) is z, the radius of curvature is R, the distance in the XY directions from the optical axis PA is H, the conic constant is k, and the aspherical coefficients are A3, A4, ..., A19, A20, the aspherical shape is expressed by the following expression (6).

[0087]

[0088] exist Figure 7 In (a) and (b) of FIG. 3 , aspheric coefficients A3, A4, ..., A19, A20 are indicated for each of surface numbers 3 to 14. Each of surface numbers 3 to 14 is obtained by rotating a curve around the optical axis PA. Figure 7 The aspheric coefficients A3 to A20 of (a) and (b) are substituted into the expression (6) to express the expression obtained. Figure 7 In (a) and (b), "Ei" is an exponential notation with a base of 10. Here, "i" is an integer. Figure 7 As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 1 , spherical aberration is preferably corrected by making each of surface numbers 3 to 14 an aspherical surface.

[0089] according to Figures 4 to 7 The optical system 20 configured as shown exhibits the following Figure 8 Aberration characteristics shown. Figure 8 is a diagram showing the aberration characteristics of the optical system 20. It should be noted that the aberration characteristics of the optical system 20 are such that aberrations are exhibited when parallel light rays corresponding to the field angle of the AR image are injected from the lens aperture 27, which serves as the exit pupil of the optical system 20, and these parallel light rays are tracked backward to form a virtual image on the display surface 10 a of the display device 10.

[0090] Figure 8 (a) shows an aberration diagram of astigmatism with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates the image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of the aberration. Figure 8 In (a), the field of view angle θ is shown as an example. DFOV For the case of 72°. Figure 8 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 20 shown in (a), the aberration amount on the tangent plane of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56nm) is shown by a solid line, and the aberration amount on the sagittal plane is shown by a dotted line. The tangent plane is a plane including the principal ray and the optical axis PA. The sagittal plane is a plane including the principal ray and perpendicular to the tangent plane. Figure 8 (a) shows a case where astigmatism is suppressed within an allowable range.

[0091] Figure 8 (b) shows an aberration diagram of distortion aberration relative to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of aberration. Figure 8 (b) shows an example of the field angle θ DFOV For the case of 72°. Figure 8 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 20 shown in (b), the aberration amount of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56 nm) is shown by the solid line. Figure 8 (b) shows a case where distortion is suppressed within an allowable range.

[0092] Figure 8 (c) shows an aberration diagram of spherical aberration with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates the eye image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of the aberration. Figure 8 In (c), the case where the F number Fno is 1.48 is exemplified. Figure 8 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 20 shown in (c), the aberration amount of the c-line (wavelength: 656.28nm) is represented by a dashed line, the aberration amount of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56nm) is represented by a solid line, and the aberration amount of the g-line (wavelength: 435.84nm) is represented by a dotted line. Figure 8 (c) shows the case where the spherical aberration is suppressed within the allowable range.

[0093] Figure 8(d) shows an aberration diagram of magnification chromatic aberration with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of aberration. Figure 8 In (d), the field of view angle θ is shown as an example. DFOV For the case of 72°. Figure 8 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 20 shown in (d), the aberration amount on the sagittal plane for the d-line (wavelength: 587.56 nm) is shown by the solid line, and the aberration amount on the tangential plane is shown by the dotted line. Figure 8 (d) shows a case where the chromatic aberration of magnification is suppressed within the allowable range.

[0094] As described above, in the embodiment, the display system 1 is configured by combining the display device 10 in which a plurality of pixels 12 corresponding to a plurality of colors are three-dimensionally arranged and the optical system 20 that converts the emitted light into collimated light. Thus, the image of the display device 10 can be made to have high definition or high brightness, and the image having high definition and high brightness can be provided to the light guide member 30.

[0095] In addition, in the embodiment, in the optical system 20 of the display system 1, the ratio of the distance between the display surface 10a of the display device 10 and the exit pupil surface 20c of the optical system 20 to half the maximum dimension of the display surface 10a is less than 4. Therefore, when the display device 10 is made small in size, since the overall length of the optical system 20 in the direction of the optical axis PA can also be reduced accordingly, the size of the optical system 20 can be reduced according to the display device 10, and a stylish appearance of the display system 1 (for example, AR glasses) can be achieved.

[0096] It should be noted that the light guide member 30 may be any member that can transmit light from the outside to the user's eyeball 100 and can guide light from the display device 10 to the user's eyeball 100, and the light guide member is not limited to Figure 1The light guide plate 31 shown. For example, a holographic optical element may be provided on the light guide plate 31 instead of the diffractive optical element DOE. The holographic optical element has an interference fringe pattern and is configured so that light with a predetermined wavelength injected at a predetermined angle among the light passing through the light guide plate 31 is reflected toward the eyeball 100. Alternatively, a light guide optical element may be provided on the light guide plate 31 instead of the diffractive optical element DOE. The light guide optical element has a multi-stage half-reflective mirror to intersect with the optical path of the light passing through the light guide plate 31 and is configured to reflect a portion of the light incident on the multi-stage half-reflective mirror toward the eyeball 100. Alternatively, a pinhole mirror may be provided on the light guide plate 31 instead of the diffractive optical element DOE. The pinhole mirror has a multi-stage reflective mirror with a small reflective surface to intersect with the optical path of the light passing through the light guide plate 31 and is configured to reflect the light incident on the multi-stage reflective mirror toward the eyeball 100.

[0097] Furthermore, according to the first modified example of the embodiment, as Figure 9 As shown, the display device 110 in the display system 101 may further include a plurality of microlenses 14(1,1) to 14(m,n). Each microlens 14(1,1) to 14(m,n) corresponds to one pixel group 13(1,1) to 13(m,n). Each microlens 14 is also referred to as an on-chip lens. Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a display device 110 according to a first modified example of the embodiment. Figure 9 Also shown are the maximum image height position PP2, the center CP, and the maximum image height position PP1 (see FIG. Figure 5 (a)), a cross section of the display device 110 when it is cut parallel to the Z axis.

[0098] In each microlens 14 , the positional relationship between the optical axis and the central axis of the corresponding pixel group 13 may correspond to the emission direction of light from the microlens 14 to the optical system 20 .

[0099] Among the plurality of pixel groups 13(1,1) to 13(m,n), pixel group 13(1,1) is a pixel group located near the maximum image height position PP1 and has a central axis AX(1,1). Central axis AX(1,1) substantially coincides with an axis parallel to the Z axis and passing through the centers of the light-emitting surfaces of pixel 12b(1,1), pixel 12g(1,1), and pixel 12r(1,1).

[0100] Among the plurality of microlenses 14(1,1) to 14(m,n), microlens 14(1,1) is located near the maximum image height position PP1 and has an optical axis OA(1,1). Optical axis OA(1,1) is offset in the +X and +Y directions relative to the central axis AX(1,1) so as to be closer to the center CP. The offset direction means that the direction of light emitted from microlens 14(1,1) to the optical system 20 is tilted from the +Z direction to the +X and +Y directions.

[0101] Among the plurality of pixel groups 13(1,1) to 13(m,n), pixel group 13(j,k) is a pixel group near the center CP and has a central axis AX(j,k). "j" is an integer greater than 1 and less than m. "k" is an integer greater than 1 and less than n. The central axis AX(j,k) substantially coincides with an axis parallel to the Z axis and passing through the center of the light emitting surface of pixel 12b(j,k), pixel 12g(j,k), and pixel 12r(j,k).

[0102] Among the plurality of microlenses 14 ( 1 , 1 ) to 14 ( m, n ), the microlens 14 ( j, k ) is located near the center CP and has an optical axis OA ( j, k ) that substantially coincides with the central axis AX ( j, k ).

[0103] Among the plurality of pixel groups 13(1,1) to 13(m,n), pixel group 13(m,n) is a pixel group located near the maximum image height position PP2 and has a central axis AX(m,n). Central axis AX(m,n) substantially coincides with an axis parallel to the Z axis and passing through the centers of the light-emitting surfaces of pixel 12b(m,n), pixel 12g(m,n), and pixel 12r(m,n).

[0104] Among the plurality of microlenses 14(1,1) to 14(m,n), microlens 14(m,n) is located near the maximum image height position PP2 and has an optical axis OA(m,n). Optical axis OA(m,n) is offset in the -X and -Y directions relative to the central axis AX(m,n) so as to be closer to the center CP. This offset direction tilts the direction of light emitted from microlens 14(m,n) to the optical system 20 from the +Z direction toward the -X and -Y directions.

[0105] As described above, among the plurality of microlenses 14 in the display device 110 of the display system 101, the distance between the optical axis OA of the microlens 14 and the central axis AX of the pixel group 13 corresponding to the microlens is greater than the distance between the optical axis OA of the microlens 14 closer to the center CP and the central axis AX of the pixel group 13 corresponding to the closer microlens. Thus, depending on the position of the pixel group 13 on the display surface 10a, the emission direction of light from the pixel group 13 can be tilted and aligned with the direction of light traveling toward the optical system 20 (see FIG. 2 ). Figure 4 ) are consistent, so the light can be effectively emitted from the display device 110 into the optical system 20.

[0106] Furthermore, according to the second modified example of the embodiment, it is possible to Figures 10 to 12 The optical system 220 in the display system 201 is configured as shown. Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an optical system 220 according to a second modified example of the embodiment. Figure 11 2 is a diagram showing the optical configuration and characteristics of the optical system 220 . Figure 12 2 is a diagram showing the surface shapes of lenses 221 to 226 in the lens group 220 a .

[0107] The optical system 220 includes a lens group 220a instead of the lens group 20a (see Figure 4 Lens group 220a includes multiple lenses 221 to 226 and a lens stop 227. These lenses 221 to 226 and lens stop 227 correspond to the multiple lenses 21 to 26 and lens stop 27. The multiple lenses 221 to 226 have different cross-sectional shapes. Lens group 220a includes six lenses 221 to 226. In lens group 220a, image-side lens 226 is a convex lens, and object-side lens 221 is a meniscus lens. The diameter of object-side lens 221 is larger than that of image-side lens 226.

[0108] exist Figure 10 , the optical axis PA is shown by a dashed line and passes through the substantial center of the aperture 227a of the lens stop 227. From the center CP of the display surface 10a of the display device 10 (refer to Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a) is shown by a solid line. Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a) is shown by a dotted line. Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a)) is shown by a two-dot chain line.

[0109] Figure 11(a) shows that the optical system 220 satisfies all the expressions (1) to (5). In other words, Figure 11 (a) of FIG. 1 , which indicates that by being configured to satisfy all of expressions (1) to (5), in the optical system 220, the overall length (length in the Z direction) can be set to approximately 8.492 mm, and the field angle can be ensured to be “θ DFOV = approximately 64.000 [°]", and the effective F number can be reduced to approximately 1.588.

[0110] exist Figure 11 (b) and Figure 12 In (a) and (b), the surface numbers are assigned as follows:

[0111] Surface number: 1: exit surface of lens stop 227;

[0112] Surface number: 3: exit surface of lens 226;

[0113] Surface number: 4: incident surface of lens 226;

[0114] Surface number: 5: exit surface of lens 225;

[0115] Surface number: 6: incident surface of lens 225;

[0116] Surface number: 7: exit surface of lens 224;

[0117] Surface number: 8: incident surface of lens 224;

[0118] Surface number: 9: exit surface of lens 223;

[0119] Surface number: 10: incident surface of lens 223;

[0120] Surface number: 11: exit surface of lens 222;

[0121] Surface number: 12: incident surface of lens 222;

[0122] Surface number: 13: exit surface of lens 221; and

[0123] Surface number: 14: Incident surface of lens 221.

[0124] exist Figure 11In (b), the curvature radius R [mm], surface spacing D [mm], refractive index Nd, Abbe number Vd, and focal length are indicated for each of surface numbers 1 to 14. The lens configuration is represented by the curvature radius R. Lens group 220a is configured to include, in the paraxial region, from the image side: a convex lens 226; a positive meniscus lens 225 with its convex surface facing the image side; a negative meniscus lens 224 with its convex surface facing the object side; a positive meniscus lens 223 with its convex surface facing the image side; a convex lens 222; and a positive meniscus lens 221 with its convex surface facing the image side. By having lenses 221 to 226 have different refractive indices Nd and Abbe numbers Vd, chromatic aberration can be preferably corrected.

[0125] exist Figure 12 In (a) and (b), the aspherical shape is indicated for each of surface numbers 3 to 14. Assuming that the Z position (position in the direction of the optical axis PA) is z, the radius of curvature is R, the distance in the XY direction from the optical axis PA is H, the conic constant is k, and the aspherical coefficients are A3, A4, ..., A19, A20, the aspherical shape is expressed by Expression (6).

[0126] exist Figure 12 In (a) and (b) of FIG. 3 , aspheric coefficients A3, A4, ..., A19, A20 are indicated for each of surface numbers 3 to 14. Each of surface numbers 3 to 14 is obtained by rotating a curve around the optical axis PA. Figure 12 The aspheric coefficients A3 to A20 of (a) and (b) are substituted into the expression (6) to express the expression obtained. Figure 12 In (a) and (b), "Ei" is an exponential notation with a base of 10. Here, "i" is an integer. Figure 12 As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 1 , spherical aberration is preferably corrected by making each of surface numbers 3 to 14 an aspherical surface.

[0127] according to Figures 10 to 12 The optical system 220 configured as shown exhibits Figure 13 Aberration characteristics shown. Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating the aberration characteristics of the optical system 220. It should be noted that the aberration characteristics of the optical system 220 are such that aberrations are exhibited when parallel light rays corresponding to the field angle of the AR image are injected from the lens stop 227, which serves as the exit pupil of the optical system 220, and these parallel light rays are tracked in reverse to form a virtual image on the display surface 10 a of the display device 10.

[0128] Figure 13 (a) shows an aberration diagram of astigmatism with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates the image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of the aberration. Figure 13 In (a), the field of view angle θ is shown as an example. DFOv For the case of 72°. Figure 13 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 220 shown in (a), the aberration amount on the tangent plane of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56nm) is shown by a solid line, and the aberration amount on the sagittal plane is shown by a dotted line. The tangent plane is a plane including the principal ray and the optical axis PA. The sagittal plane is a plane including the principal ray and perpendicular to the tangent plane. Figure 13 (a) shows a case where astigmatism is suppressed within an allowable range.

[0129] Figure 13 (b) shows an aberration diagram of distortion aberration relative to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of aberration. Figure 13 (b) shows an example of the field angle θ DFOV For the case of 72°. Figure 13 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 220 shown in (b), the aberration amount of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56 nm) is shown by the solid line. Figure 13 (b) shows a case where distortion is suppressed within an allowable range.

[0130] Figure 13 (c) shows an aberration diagram of spherical aberration with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates the eye image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of the aberration. Figure 13 In (c), the case where the F number Fno is 1.59 is exemplified. Figure 13 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 220 shown in (c), the aberration amount of the c-line (wavelength: 656.28nm) is represented by a dotted line, the aberration amount of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56nm) is represented by a solid line, and the aberration amount of the g-line (wavelength: 435.84nm) is represented by a dotted line. Figure 13 (c) shows the case where the spherical aberration is suppressed within the allowable range.

[0131] Figure 13 (d) shows an aberration diagram of magnification chromatic aberration with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of aberration. Figure 13 In (d), the field of view angle θ is shown as an example. DFOV For the case of 72°. Figure 13 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 220 shown in (d), the aberration amount on the sagittal plane for the d-line (wavelength: 587.56 nm) is shown by the solid line, and the aberration amount on the tangential plane is shown by the dotted line. Figure 13 (d) shows a case where the chromatic aberration of magnification is suppressed within the allowable range.

[0132] As described above, in the optical system 220 of the display system 201, the ratio of the distance between the display surface 10a of the display device 10 and the exit pupil surface 220c of the optical system 220 to half the maximum dimension of the display surface 10a is also less than 4. Therefore, when the display device 10 is made small in size, since the overall length of the optical system 220 in the direction of the optical axis PA can also be reduced accordingly, the size of the optical system 220 can be reduced according to the display device 10, and a sleek appearance of the display system 201 (for example, AR glasses) can be achieved.

[0133] Furthermore, according to the third modified example of the embodiment, it is possible to Figures 14 to 16 The optical system 320 in the display system 301 is configured as shown. Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an optical system 320 according to a third modified example of the embodiment. Figure 15 3 is a diagram showing the optical configuration and characteristics of the optical system 320 . Figure 16 320 a is a diagram showing the surface shapes of lenses 321 to 325 in the lens group 320 a .

[0134] The optical system 320 includes a lens group 320a instead of the lens group 20a (see Figure 4 Lens group 320a includes multiple lenses 321 to 325 and a lens stop 327. These lenses 321 to 325 and lens stop 327 correspond to the multiple lenses 21 to 26 and lens stop 27. The multiple lenses 321 to 325 have different cross-sectional shapes. Lens group 320a includes five lenses 321 to 325. In lens group 320a, the image-side lens 325 is a convex lens, and the object-side lens 321 is a concave lens. The diameter of the object-side lens 321 is larger than the diameter of the image-side lens 325.

[0135] exist Figure 14 , the optical axis PA is shown by a dashed line and passes through the substantial center of the aperture 327a of the lens stop 327. From the center CP of the display surface 10a of the display device 10 (refer to Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a) is shown by a solid line. Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a) is shown by a dotted line. Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a)) is shown by a two-dot chain line.

[0136] Figure 15 (a) shows that the optical system 320 satisfies all the expressions (1) to (5). In other words, Figure 15 (a) of FIG. 3 shows that, by being configured to satisfy all of expressions (1) to (5), in the optical system 320, the overall length (length in the Z direction) can be set to approximately 10.371 mm, and the field angle can be ensured to be “θ DFOV = approximately 72.000 [°]", and the effective F number can be reduced to approximately 1.451.

[0137] exist Figure 15 (b) and Figure 16 In (a) and (b), the surface numbers are assigned as follows:

[0138] Surface number: 1: exit surface of lens aperture 327;

[0139] Surface number: 3: exit surface of lens 325;

[0140] Surface number: 4: incident surface of lens 325;

[0141] Surface number: 5: exit surface of lens 324;

[0142] Surface number: 6: incident surface of lens 324;

[0143] Surface number: 7: exit surface of lens 323;

[0144] Surface number: 8: incident surface of lens 323;

[0145] Surface number: 9: exit surface of lens 322;

[0146] Surface number: 10: incident surface of lens 322;

[0147] Surface number: 11: exit surface of lens 321; and

[0148] Surface number: 12: Incident surface of lens 321.

[0149] exist Figure 15 In (b), the curvature radius R [mm], surface spacing D [mm], refractive index Nd, Abbe number Vd, and focal length are indicated for each of surface numbers 1 to 12. The lens configuration is represented by the curvature radius R. Lens group 320a is configured to include, in order from the image side in the paraxial region: a convex lens 325, a positive meniscus lens 324 with its convex surface facing the image side, a convex lens 323, a convex lens 322, and a negative lens 321 with concave surfaces on both sides. By having lenses 321 to 325 have different refractive indices Nd and Abbe numbers Vd, chromatic aberration can be optimally corrected.

[0150] exist Figure 16In (a) and (b), the aspherical shape is indicated for each of surface numbers 3 to 12. Assuming that the Z position (position in the direction of the optical axis PA) is z, the radius of curvature is R, the distance in the XY directions from the optical axis PA is H, the conic constant is k, and the aspherical coefficients are A3, A4, ..., A19, A20, the aspherical shape is expressed by Expression (6).

[0151] exist Figure 16 In (a) and (b) of FIG. 3 , aspheric coefficients A3, A4, ..., A19, A20 are indicated for each of surface numbers 3 to 12. Each of surface numbers 3 to 12 is obtained by rotating a curve around the optical axis PA. The curve is obtained by rotating Figure 16 The aspheric coefficients A3 to A20 of (a) and (b) are substituted into the expression (6) to express the expression obtained. Figure 16 In (a) and (b), "Ei" is an exponential notation with a base of 10. Here, "i" is an integer. Figure 16 As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 1 , spherical aberration is preferably corrected by making each of surface numbers 3 to 14 an aspherical surface.

[0152] according to Figures 14 to 16 The optical system 320 configured as shown exhibits Figure 17 Aberration characteristics shown. Figure 17 is a diagram illustrating the aberration characteristics of the optical system 320. It should be noted that the aberration characteristics of the optical system 320 are such that aberrations are exhibited when parallel light rays corresponding to the field angle of the AR image are injected from the lens aperture 327, which serves as the exit pupil of the optical system 320, and these parallel light rays are traced back to form a virtual image on the display surface 10 a of the display device 10.

[0153] Figure 17 (a) shows an aberration diagram of astigmatism with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates the image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of the aberration. Figure 17 In (a), the field of view angle θ is shown as an example. DFOV For the case of 72°. Figure 17 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 320 shown in (a), the aberration amount on the tangent plane of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56nm) is shown by a solid line, and the aberration amount on the sagittal plane is shown by a dotted line. The tangent plane is a plane including the principal ray and the optical axis PA. The sagittal plane is a plane including the principal ray and perpendicular to the tangent plane. Figure 17 (a) shows a case where astigmatism is suppressed within an allowable range.

[0154] Figure 17(b) shows an aberration diagram of distortion aberration relative to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of aberration. Figure 17 (b) shows an example of the field angle θ DFOV For the case of 72°. Figure 17 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 320 shown in (b), the aberration amount of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56 nm) is shown by the solid line. Figure 17 (b) shows a case where distortion is suppressed within an allowable range.

[0155] Figure 17 (c) shows an aberration diagram of spherical aberration with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates the eye image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of the aberration. Figure 17 In (c), the case where the F number Fno is 1.45 is exemplified. Figure 17 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 320 shown in (c), the aberration amount of the c-line (wavelength: 656.28nm) is represented by a dotted line, the aberration amount of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56nm) is represented by a solid line, and the aberration amount of the g-line (wavelength: 435.84nm) is represented by a dotted line. Figure 17 (c) shows the case where the spherical aberration is suppressed within the allowable range.

[0156] Figure 17 (d) shows an aberration diagram of magnification chromatic aberration with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of aberration. Figure 17 In (d), the field of view angle θ is shown as an example. DFOV For the case of 72°. Figure 17 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 320 shown in (d), the aberration amount on the sagittal plane for the d-line (wavelength: 587.56 nm) is shown by the solid line, and the aberration amount on the tangential plane is shown by the dotted line. Figure 17 (d) shows a case where the chromatic aberration of magnification is suppressed within the allowable range.

[0157] As described above, in the optical system 320 of the display system 301, the ratio of the distance between the display surface 10a of the display device 10 and the exit pupil surface 320c of the optical system 320 to half the maximum dimension of the display surface 10a is also less than 4. Therefore, when the display device 10 is made small in size, since the overall length of the optical system 320 in the direction of the optical axis PA can also be reduced accordingly, the size of the optical system 320 can be reduced according to the display device 10, and a sleek appearance of the display system 301 (for example, AR glasses) can be achieved.

[0158] Furthermore, according to the fourth modified example of the embodiment, it is possible to Figures 18 to 20 The optical system 420 in the display system 401 is configured as shown in . Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an optical system 420 according to a fourth modified example of the embodiment. Figure 19 4 is a diagram showing the optical configuration and characteristics of the optical system 420 . Figure 20 4 is a diagram showing the surface shapes of lenses 421 to 425 in the lens group 420 a .

[0159] The optical system 420 includes a lens group 420a instead of the lens group 20a (see Figure 4 Lens group 420a includes multiple lenses 421 to 425 and a lens stop 427. These lenses 421 to 425 and lens stop 427 correspond to the multiple lenses 21 to 26 and lens stop 27. Multiple lenses 421 to 425 have different cross-sectional shapes. Lens group 420a includes five lenses 421 to 425. In lens group 420a, image-side lens 424 is a convex lens, and object-side lens 421 is a meniscus lens. The diameter of object-side lens 421 is larger than that of image-side lens 424.

[0160] exist Figure 18 , the optical axis PA is shown by a dashed line and passes through the substantial center of the aperture 427a of the lens stop 427. From the center CP of the display surface 10a of the display device 10 (refer to Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a) is shown by a solid line. Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a) is shown by a dotted line. Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a)) is shown by a two-dot chain line.

[0161] Figure 19 (a) shows that the optical system 420 satisfies all the expressions (1) to (5). In other words, Figure 19 (a) of FIG. 4 shows that, by being configured to satisfy all of expressions (1) to (5), in the optical system 420, the overall length (length in the Z direction) can be set to approximately 13.990 mm, and the field angle can be ensured to be “θ DFOV = approximately 60.000 [°]", and the effective F number can be reduced to approximately 1.778.

[0162] exist Figure 19 (b) and Figure 20 In (a) and (b), the surface numbers are assigned as follows:

[0163] Surface number: 1: exit surface of lens aperture 427;

[0164] Surface number: 3: exit surface of lens 425;

[0165] Surface number: 4: incident surface of lens 425;

[0166] Surface number: 5: exit surface of lens 424;

[0167] Surface number: 6: incident surface of lens 424;

[0168] Surface number: 7: exit surface of lens 423;

[0169] Surface number: 8: incident surface of lens 423;

[0170] Surface number: 9: exit surface of lens 422;

[0171] Surface number: 10: incident surface of lens 422;

[0172] Surface number: 11: exit surface of lens 421; and

[0173] Surface number: 12: Incident surface of lens 421.

[0174] exist Figure 19 In (b), the curvature radius R [mm], surface spacing D [mm], refractive index Nd, Abbe number Vd, and focal length are indicated for each of surface numbers 1 to 12. The lens configuration is represented by the curvature radius R. Lens group 420a is configured to include, in order from the image side in the paraxial region: a convex lens 425, a positive meniscus lens 424 with its convex surface facing the image side, a convex lens 423, a convex lens 422, and a negative lens 421 with concave surfaces on both sides. By having lenses 421 to 425 have different refractive indices Nd and Abbe numbers Vd, chromatic aberration can be preferably corrected.

[0175] exist Figure 20 In (a) and (b), the aspherical shape is indicated for each of surface numbers 3 to 12. Assuming that the Z position (position in the direction of the optical axis PA) is z, the radius of curvature is R, the distance in the XY directions from the optical axis PA is H, the conic constant is k, and the aspherical coefficients are A3, A4, ..., A19, A20, the aspherical shape is expressed by Expression (6).

[0176] exist Figure 20 In (a) and (b) of FIG. 3 , aspheric coefficients A3, A4, ..., A19, A20 are indicated for each surface in surface number tables 3 to 12. Each surface in surface numbers 3 to 12 is obtained by rotating a curve around the optical axis PA. The curve is obtained by rotating Figure 20 The aspheric coefficients A3 to A20 of (a) and (b) are substituted into the expression (6) to express the expression obtained. Figure 20 In (a) and (b), "Ei" is an exponential notation with a base of 10. Here, "i" is an integer. Figure 20 As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 1 , spherical aberration is preferably corrected by making each of surface numbers 3 to 12 an aspherical surface.

[0177] according to Figures 18 to 20 The optical system 420 configured as shown exhibits Figure 21 Aberration characteristics shown. Figure 21 is a diagram showing the aberration characteristics of the optical system 420. It should be noted that the aberration characteristics of the optical system 420 are such that aberrations are exhibited when parallel light rays corresponding to the field angle of the AR image are injected from the lens aperture 427, which serves as the exit pupil of the optical system 420, and these parallel light rays are tracked in reverse to form a virtual image on the display surface 10 a of the display device 10.

[0178] Figure 21 (a) shows an aberration diagram of astigmatism with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates the image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of the aberration. Figure 21 In (a), the field of view angle θ is shown as an example. DFOV For the case of 60°. Figure 21 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 420 shown in (a), the aberration amount on the tangent plane of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56nm) is shown by a solid line, and the aberration amount on the sagittal plane is shown by a dotted line. The tangent plane is a plane including the principal ray and the optical axis PA. The sagittal plane is a plane including the principal ray and perpendicular to the tangent plane. Figure 21 (a) shows a case where astigmatism is suppressed within an allowable range.

[0179] Figure 21 (b) shows an aberration diagram of distortion aberration relative to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of aberration. Figure 21 (b) shows an example of the field angle θ DFOV For the case of 60°. Figure 21 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 420 shown in (b), the aberration amount of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56 nm) is shown by the solid line. Figure 21 (b) shows a case where distortion is suppressed within an allowable range.

[0180] Figure 21(c) shows an aberration diagram of spherical aberration with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates the eye image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of the aberration. Figure 21 In (c), the case where the F number Fno is 1.78 is exemplified. Figure 21 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 420 shown in (c), the aberration amount of the c-line (wavelength: 656.28nm) is represented by a dotted line, the aberration amount of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56nm) is represented by a solid line, and the aberration amount of the g-line (wavelength: 435.84nm) is represented by a dotted line. Figure 21 (c) shows the case where the spherical aberration is suppressed within the allowable range.

[0181] Figure 21 (d) shows an aberration diagram of magnification chromatic aberration with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of aberration. Figure 21 In (d), the field of view angle θ is shown as an example. DFOV For the case of 60°. Figure 21 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 420 shown in (d), the aberration amount on the sagittal plane for the d-line (wavelength: 587.56 nm) is shown by the solid line, and the aberration amount on the tangential plane is shown by the dotted line. Figure 21 (d) shows a case where the chromatic aberration of magnification is suppressed within the allowable range.

[0182] As described above, in the optical system 420 of the display system 401, the ratio of the distance between the display surface 10a of the display device 10 and the exit pupil surface 420c of the optical system 420 to half the maximum dimension of the display surface 10a is also less than 4. Therefore, when the display device 10 is made small in size, since the overall length of the optical system 420 in the direction of the optical axis PA can also be reduced accordingly, the size of the optical system 420 can be reduced according to the display device 10, and a sleek appearance of the display system 401 (for example, AR glasses) can be achieved.

[0183] Furthermore, according to the fifth modified example of the embodiment, with respect to Figures 22 to 24 The optical system 520 in the display system 501 is configured as shown in . Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an optical system 520 according to a fifth modified example of the embodiment. Figure 23 2 is a diagram showing the optical configuration and characteristics of the optical system 520 . Figure 24 5 is a diagram showing the surface shapes of lenses 521 to 526 in the lens group 520 a .

[0184] The optical system 520 includes a lens group 520a instead of the lens group 20a (see Figure 4Lens group 520a includes multiple lenses 521 to 526 and a lens stop 527. These lenses 521 to 526 and lens stop 527 correspond to the multiple lenses 21 to 26 and lens stop 27. The multiple lenses 521 to 526 have different cross-sectional shapes. Lens group 520a includes six lenses 521 to 526. In lens group 520a, image-side lens 526 is a convex lens, and object-side lens 521 is a concave lens. The diameter of object-side lens 521 is larger than that of image-side lens 526.

[0185] exist Figure 22 , the optical axis PA is shown by a dashed line and passes through the substantial center of the aperture 527a of the lens stop 527. From the center CP of the display surface 10a of the display device 10 (refer to Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a) is shown by a solid line. Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a) is shown by a dotted line. Figure 5 The optical path of the light emitted from (a)) is shown by a two-dot chain line.

[0186] Figure 23 (a) shows that the optical system 520 satisfies all the expressions (1) to (5). In other words, Figure 23 (a) of FIG. 5 , which indicates that by being configured to satisfy all of expressions (1) to (5), in the optical system 520, the overall length (length in the Z direction) can be set to approximately 21.056 mm, and the field angle can be ensured to be “θ DFOV = approximately 30.000 [°]", and the effective F number can be reduced to approximately 3.258.

[0187] exist Figure 23 (b) and Figure 24 In (a) and (b), the surface numbers are assigned as follows:

[0188] Surface number: 1: exit surface of lens aperture 527;

[0189] Surface number: 3: exit surface of lens 526;

[0190] Surface number: 4: incident surface of lens 526;

[0191] Surface number: 5: exit surface of lens 525;

[0192] Surface number: 6: incident surface of lens 525;

[0193] Surface number: 7: exit surface of lens 524;

[0194] Surface number: 8: incident surface of lens 524;

[0195] Surface number: 9: exit surface of lens 523;

[0196] Surface number: 10: incident surface of lens 523;

[0197] Surface number: 11: exit surface of lens 522;

[0198] Surface number: 12: incident surface of lens 522;

[0199] Surface number: 13: exit surface of lens 521; and

[0200] Surface number: 14: Incident surface of lens 521.

[0201] exist Figure 23 In (b), the curvature radius R [mm], surface spacing D [mm], refractive index Nd, Abbe number Vd, and focal length are indicated for each of surfaces 1 to 14. The lens configuration is represented by the curvature radius R. Lens group 520a is configured to include, in order from the image side in the paraxial region: a convex lens 526, a positive meniscus lens 525 with a convex surface facing the image side, a negative lens 524 with a convex surface facing the object side, a positive meniscus lens 523 with a convex surface facing the image side, a negative meniscus lens 522 with a convex surface facing the object side, and a negative lens 521 with concave surfaces on both sides. By having lenses 521 to 526 have different refractive indices Nd and Abbe numbers Vd, chromatic aberration can be preferably corrected.

[0202] exist Figure 24 In (a) and (b), the aspherical shape is indicated for each of surface numbers 3 to 14. Assuming that the Z position (position in the direction of the optical axis PA) is z, the radius of curvature is R, the distance in the XY directions from the optical axis PA is H, the conic constant is k, and the aspherical coefficients are A3, A4, ..., A19, A20, the aspherical shape is expressed by Expression (6).

[0203] exist Figure 24 In (a) and (b) of FIG. 3 , aspheric coefficients A3, A4, ..., A19, A20 are indicated for each of surface numbers 3 to 14. Each of surface numbers 3 to 14 is obtained by rotating a curve around the optical axis PA. Figure 24 The aspheric coefficients A3 to A20 of (a) and (b) are substituted into the expression (6) to express the expression obtained. Figure 24 In (a) and (b), "Ei" is an exponential notation with a base of 10. Here, "i" is an integer. Figure 24As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 1 , spherical aberration is preferably corrected by making each of surface numbers 3 to 14 an aspherical surface.

[0204] according to Figures 22 to 24 The optical system 520 configured as shown exhibits Figure 25 Aberration characteristics shown. Figure 25 is a diagram illustrating the aberration characteristics of the optical system 520. It should be noted that the aberration characteristics of the optical system 520 are such that aberrations are exhibited when parallel light rays corresponding to the field angle of the AR image are injected from the lens aperture 527, which serves as the exit pupil of the optical system 520, and these parallel light rays are traced back to form a virtual image on the display surface 10 a of the display device 10.

[0205] Figure 25 (a) shows an aberration diagram of astigmatism with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates the image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of the aberration. Figure 25 (a) shows an example of a field of view angle 0 DFOV For the case of 30°. Figure 25 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 520 shown in (a), the aberration amount on the tangent plane of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56nm) is shown by a solid line, and the aberration amount on the sagittal plane is shown by a dotted line. The tangent plane is a plane including the principal ray and the optical axis PA. The sagittal plane is a plane including the principal ray and perpendicular to the tangent plane. Figure 25 (a) shows a case where astigmatism is suppressed within an allowable range.

[0206] Figure 25 (b) shows an aberration diagram of distortion aberration relative to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of aberration. Figure 25 (b) shows an example of the field angle θ DFOV For the case of 30°. Figure 25 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 520 shown in (b), the aberration amount of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56 nm) is shown by the solid line. Figure 25 (b) shows a case where distortion is suppressed within an allowable range.

[0207] Figure 25 (c) shows an aberration diagram of spherical aberration with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates the eye image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of the aberration. Figure 25 In (c), the case where the F number Fno is 3.26 is exemplified. Figure 25In the aberration diagram of the optical system 520 shown in (c), the aberration amount of the c-line (wavelength: 656.28nm) is represented by a dotted line, the aberration amount of the d-line (wavelength: 587.56nm) is represented by a solid line, and the aberration amount of the g-line (wavelength: 435.84nm) is represented by a dotted line. Figure 25 (c) shows the case where the spherical aberration is suppressed within the allowable range.

[0208] Figure 25 (d) shows an aberration diagram of magnification chromatic aberration with respect to the display surface 10a (virtual image surface). Here, the vertical axis indicates image height and the horizontal axis indicates the magnitude of aberration. Figure 25 In (d), the field of view angle θ is shown as an example. DFOV For the case of 30°. Figure 25 In the aberration diagram of the optical system 520 shown in (d), the aberration amount on the sagittal plane for the d-line (wavelength: 587.56 nm) is shown by the solid line, and the aberration amount on the tangential plane is shown by the dotted line. Figure 25 (d) shows a case where the chromatic aberration of magnification is suppressed within the allowable range.

[0209] As described above, in the optical system 520 of the display system 501, the ratio of the distance between the display surface 10a of the display device 10 and the exit pupil surface 520c of the optical system 520 to half the maximum dimension of the display surface 10a is also less than 4. Therefore, when the display device 10 is made small in size, since the overall length of the optical system 520 in the direction of the optical axis PA can also be reduced accordingly, the size of the optical system 520 can be reduced according to the display device 10, and a stylish appearance of the display system 501 (for example, AR glasses) can be achieved.

[0210] Although certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Indeed, the novel embodiments described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions, and changes in form may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the spirit of the invention. The appended claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the invention.

[0211] [Description of letters or numbers]

[0212] 1, 101, 201, 301, 401, 501: Display system

[0213] 10, 110: Display device

[0214] 20, 220, 320, 420, 520: Optical system

[0215] 20a, 220a, 320a, 420a, 520a: lens group

[0216] 21-26, 221-226, 321-325, 421-425, 521-526: Lens

[0217] 27, 227, 327, 427, 527: Lens aperture

[0218] 30: Light guide component.

Claims

1. A display system comprising: a display device including a display surface and a pixel array arranged in an area including the display surface, the pixel array having a plurality of pixels, each of the plurality of pixels corresponding to a color, the plurality of pixels being three-dimensionally arranged on the display surface; as well as An optical system having a lens group including a plurality of lenses, the optical system being configured to convert light from the display device into collimated light, wherein When the distance between the display surface and the exit pupil plane of the optical system is D TTL And half of the maximum dimension of the display surface is W DISD When the display system satisfies "D TTL / W DISD <4"; The display system also satisfies "D TTL / W DISD >1.9”; When the field of view angle on the exit pupil plane is θ DFOV When the display system also satisfies "tan(θ DFOV / 2)<0.75”; The display surface has a rectangular shape in a plan view, and when half of the dimension of the display surface in the short side direction is E DISV , and the distance between the display surface and the point where the optical axis of the optical system and the incident surface of the lens closest to the object side among the multiple lenses intersect is D BL When the display system also satisfies "D BL <E DISV ";as well as The lens group further includes a lens stop arranged on the exit pupil surface, and when the focal length of the lens group is D EFL And the aperture diameter of the lens stop is W EXA When the display system also satisfies "D EFL / W EXA <3.5”.

2. The display system according to claim 1, wherein In the pixel array, each of the multiple pixel groups of the pixel array has two or more pixels arranged in a first direction along the optical axis of the optical system, and the multiple pixel groups are arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

3. The display system according to claim 2, wherein In each of the plurality of pixel groups, at least a first pixel and a second pixel are arranged along the first direction, the first pixel corresponds to a first color, and the second pixel corresponds to a second color.

4. The display system according to claim 3, wherein In each of the plurality of pixel groups, the first pixel, the second pixel, and a third pixel are arranged along the first direction, and the third pixel corresponds to a third color.

5. The display system according to claim 4, wherein The first color is light within a first wavelength range, the second color is light in a second wavelength range, the second wavelength range being shorter than the first wavelength range, and The third color is light in a third wavelength range, the third wavelength range being shorter than the second wavelength range.

6. The display system according to claim 5, wherein The first color is red, The second color is green, and The third color is blue.

7. The display system according to claim 2, wherein The display device further includes a reflective member disposed on a sidewall of the pixel group, the reflective member being capable of forming a reflective interface on the sidewall.

8. The display system according to claim 2, wherein The display device further includes a plurality of micro lenses arranged between the plurality of pixel groups and the optical system, and In each of the plurality of microlenses, a positional relationship between an optical axis of the optical system and a central axis of a corresponding pixel group among the plurality of pixel groups corresponds to an exit direction of light from the corresponding microlens to the optical system.

9. The display system according to claim 8, wherein Each microlens of the plurality of microlenses corresponds to one pixel group of the plurality of pixel groups, Among the multiple microlenses, a distance between an optical axis of a first microlens and a central axis of a first pixel group is greater than a distance between an optical axis of a second microlens and a central axis of a second pixel group, the first pixel group corresponds to the first microlens, the second microlens is closer to the center of the pixel array than the first microlens, and the second pixel group corresponds to the second microlens.

10. The display system according to claim 1, wherein Each of the lenses included in the lens group has a shape different from each other when viewed in a cross-sectional view including an optical axis of the optical system.

11. The display system according to claim 10, wherein The number of the plurality of lenses included in the lens group is 5 or more and 8 or less.

12. The display system according to claim 10, wherein The lens group includes a convex lens located on the image side.

13. The display system according to claim 10, wherein The lens group includes a meniscus lens or a concave lens located on the object side.

14. The display system according to claim 10, wherein In the lens group, a diameter of a lens on the object side is larger than a diameter of a lens on the image side. 15 . The display system according to claim 1 , further comprising a light guide member arranged on an image side of the optical system.

16. The display system according to claim 15, wherein The light guide member can transmit light from the outside to the eyeball of the user, and can guide light from the display device to the eyeball of the user.

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