A device and method for testing the morphology of sediment suction pits under pipeline suction and discharge

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sediment suction pit morphology test device and method under the action of pipeline suction and drainage, belonging to the technical field of water conservancy engineering test equipment. A sediment suction pit morphology test device and method under the action of pipeline suction and drainage, comprising: a water tank body with a transparent structure, the bottom of which is filled with sediment; a suction and drainage unit, symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the water tank body, used to balance the water level in the water tank body; a water pumping pipe arranged directly above the water tank body, the bottom open end of which is in contact with the top surface of the sediment; an observation unit, the observation light is perpendicular to at least one side of the water tank body, and the observation height is the junction of the sediment and the water body; the present invention can simulate the changing morphology of sediments in the reservoir during the suction and drainage process of dredging, as well as the influence of the suction and drainage speed on the collapse process of sediments, filling the gap in the field of suction pit morphology detection in pipeline dredging tests, and providing principle support for the current reservoir pipeline dredging and sand removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering test equipment, and in particular to a sediment suction pit morphology test device and method under pipeline suction and discharge action. Background Art

[0002] In the existing reservoir projects, sedimentation has been a very prominent problem in recent years, especially for reservoir projects on sandy rivers, where the sedimentation situation is even more serious. Sedimentation has not only caused many reservoirs to be downgraded or scrapped, but also significantly reduced the effective storage capacity of reservoirs that have not reached the level of downgrade or scrapping, directly affecting the benefits of water storage and the flood control capacity of many reservoirs has been reduced year by year, which is very likely to cause dam collapse accidents; sedimentation is also easy to block the reservoir flood discharge bottom hole or the water diversion tunnel entrance, and then cause dangerous situations. In order to ensure the comprehensive benefits of the reservoir, it is necessary to carry out appropriate dredging projects for the reservoir; in the past, scholars have carried out many studies on reservoir sediment discharge, dredging technology, and the development of high-speed jet scouring pit morphology, but there is a lack of research on the natural collapse rate during the development of suction pits.

[0003] During the operation of the sediment discharge system engineering, it is required that the suction pit collapse to supply enough sediment to ensure the efficiency of sediment suction, but it is also necessary to avoid collapse too quickly and bury the suction head in the mud. Therefore, it is very important to explore the relationship between the suction pit collapse rate and the depth development speed. However, research in this aspect is quite rare. In view of this, the present invention explores the development process and law of the fine-grained sediment suction pit morphology under the action of pipeline suction and discharge, in order to provide scientific and technological support for the construction and operation of siltation reservoir storage capacity restoration projects. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of lack of suction pit morphology test and detection in reservoir pipeline dredging in the prior art, and to propose a sediment suction pit morphology test device and method under pipeline suction and discharge action.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A sediment suction pit morphology test device under pipeline suction and drainage, comprising: a water tank body with a transparent structure, the bottom of which is filled with sediment; suction and drainage units, symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the water tank body, and used to balance the water level in the water tank body; a water suction pipe arranged directly above the water tank body, the bottom open end of which is in contact with the top surface of the sediment; an observation unit, the observation light is perpendicular to at least one side surface of the water tank body, and the observation height is the junction of the sediment and the water body.

[0007] In order to ensure the smooth movement of water flow, preferably, a sink is provided on the top of the water tank body, the sink is symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the water tank body, and a circulation pipe is provided at the bottom of the sink.

[0008] In order to ensure the cleanliness of the test site, a cover plate is further provided on the top of the water tank body, a through hole is opened on the cover plate, and the water pump runs through the through hole, wherein the inner wall of the water tank body is fixedly connected with a limit strip, and the cover plate is placed on the limit strip.

[0009] Furthermore, the cross section of the water pumping pipe is a square structure.

[0010] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the water suction pipe, it further includes a base plate arranged on the cover plate, the base plate is rotatably connected to a support plate, the free end of the support plate is rotatably connected to a roller, the roller is in contact with the outer wall of the water suction pipe, and a torsion spring is arranged between the base plate and the support plate.

[0011] In order to accurately control the test data, the suction and discharge unit further includes a connecting hose, a water pump is arranged on the connecting hose, a flow meter is arranged at one end of the connecting hose, and three groups of connecting hoses are respectively connected to the water suction pipe and the two groups of circulation pipes.

[0012] Preferably, the observation unit comprises: a camera, the sampling end height of the camera is the junction of the sediment and the water body, wherein a tripod is provided on the camera for adjusting the height of the camera; and a computer connected to the camera via a transmission line for signal transmission and processing.

[0013] Preferably, it further comprises a telescopic rod disposed below the water tank body, wherein the telescopic end of the telescopic rod is in contact with the bottom of the water tank body to adjust the horizontal inclination angle of the water tank body.

[0014] Preferably, the water tank body is made of organic glass.

[0015] A method for testing the morphology of sediment suction pits under pipeline suction and drainage, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Lay the sediment, i.e., silt, at the bottom of the water tank body, fill the water tank body with water, and circulate the water;

[0017] Step 2: The water pump is inserted into the main body of the water tank from the top and fits against the top surface of the sediment, and the observation unit is turned on to record;

[0018] Step 3: Adjust the water inlet of the sink body to a flow rate greater than the flow rate of the suction pipe, and the drainage flow rate of the sink body remains unchanged;

[0019] Step 4: Keep the sediment particle size unchanged, change the suction and discharge flow rate level of the pumping pipe, and repeat steps 1 to 3;

[0020] Step 5: Change the sediment particle size and repeat steps 1 to 4;

[0021] Step 6: Collect data through the observation unit, draw a model diagram, and analyze the influence of sediment particle size and suction and discharge velocity parameters on the development of suction pit morphology.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for testing the morphology of sediment suction pits under pipeline suction and discharge, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The sediment suction pit morphology test device under the action of pipeline suction and discharge comprehensively considers the influence of hydraulic conditions such as sediment particle size, pipeline suction and discharge flow rate, pumping pipe position and sediment characteristics on the development of suction pit morphology, restores the actual working conditions, and has good application value in actual engineering;

[0024] 2. The sediment suction pit morphology test device under the action of pipe suction and discharge uses a T-shaped sinking tank to allow the water flow from the water inlet to enter the tank smoothly, reducing the disturbance of the water flow to the sediment at the bottom of the tank. At the same time, a macro lens and a high-resolution camera are used to record the test phenomenon, making the observation results more accurate;

[0025] 3. The sediment suction pit morphology test device under the suction and discharge action of the pipeline adopts generalized model test and theoretical analysis. The test device is concise and clear, highlights the important influencing factors, is easy to observe the test results, and saves experimental funds.

[0026] The parts not involved in the device are the same as the existing technology or can be implemented by the existing technology. The present invention can simulate the changing shape of sediments in the reservoir during the dredging and suction and drainage process, as well as the influence of the suction and drainage speed on the collapse process of sediments, filling the gap in the field of suction pit morphology detection in pipeline dredging experiments, and providing theoretical support for the current reservoir pipeline dredging and sand discharge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a sediment suction pit morphology test device under pipeline suction and discharge proposed by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a sediment suction pit morphology test device under pipeline suction and discharge proposed by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 3 A sediment suction pit morphology test device under pipeline suction and discharge proposed by the present invention Figure 1 The structural diagram of part A in the figure;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the water tank main body of a sediment suction pit morphology test device under pipeline suction and discharge action proposed by the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. water tank body; 2. sink; 3. circulation pipe; 4. limit strip; 5. cover plate; 6. through hole; 7. suction pipe; 8. connecting hose; 9. flow meter; 10. water pump; 11. telescopic rod; 12. camera; 13. tripod; 14. computer; 15. base plate; 16. support plate; 17. roller; 18. torsion spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 , a sediment suction pit morphology test device under pipeline suction and drainage, comprising: a water tank body 1 with a transparent structure, the transparent structure is convenient for observing and collecting internal data from the outside, and the specific transparent structure can be organic glass, and the bottom of the water tank body 1 is filled with sediment, where the sediment is the sediment or silt in the simulated reservoir, and the height of the sediment is less than half of the depth of the water tank body 1; a suction and drainage unit is symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the water tank body 1, that is, one side of the cubic structure is for water inlet and the other side is for water outlet, which is used to balance the water level in the water tank body 1; a water suction pipe 7 is arranged just above the water tank body 1, which is used to simulate the pipeline suction and drainage to clean the sediment, and the open end of the bottom is in contact with the top surface of the sediment, so as to ensure the stable operation of suction and drainage; there is also an observation unit on one side of the water tank body 1, and the observation light used for collecting data is perpendicular to at least one side of the water tank body 1 to ensure that there is no visual sampling deviation, and the observation height is the junction of the sediment and the water body, so as to ensure the accuracy and objectivity of the detection data.

[0036] Through the above-mentioned structural design, the changing morphology of sediments in the reservoir during the dredging and suction and discharge process, as well as the influence of the suction and discharge speed on the collapse process of sediments can be simulated, filling the gap in the field of suction pit morphology detection in pipeline dredging experiments and providing principle support for the current reservoir pipeline dredging and sand discharge.

[0037] In addition, a submerged tank 2 is arranged on the top of the water tank body 1. The submerged tank 2 is designed to be a structure sunken from the top surface of the water tank body 1, so that the water flow from the water inlet can enter the tank smoothly, reducing the disturbance of the water flow on the sediment at the bottom of the tank. The submerged tank 2 is symmetrically arranged on the opposite side of the water tank body 1, and a circulation pipe 3 is arranged at the bottom of the submerged tank 2 for water inlet and outlet to simulate the flow of river water.

[0038] A cover plate 5 is provided on the top of the water tank body 1, and a square through hole 6 is opened on the cover plate 5. A pumping pipe 7 with a square cross-section passes through the through hole 6 and is used to extend into the water tank body 1 for simulated extraction and dredging, wherein the inner wall of the water tank body 1 is fixedly connected to a limit strip 4, and the cover plate 5 is placed on the limit strip 4.

[0039] It also includes a base plate 15 arranged on the cover plate 5, and a support plate 16 is rotatably connected to the base plate 15. The free end of the support plate 16 is rotatably connected to a roller 17, and the roller 17 is fitted with the outer wall of the water pumping pipe 7. A torsion spring 18 is arranged between the base plate 15 and the support plate 16. The torsion spring 18 brings the support plate 16 closer to the base plate 15, so that the two support plates 16 can clamp the water pumping pipe 7, and cooperate with the roller 17 to freely adjust the depth of the water pumping pipe 7 extending into the water tank body 1, which is convenient for real-time adjustment and multi-depth test simulation, and provides more diverse parameters for the test.

[0040] The specific suction and discharge unit includes a connecting hose 8, on which a water pump 10 is provided, which can realize water inlet, water outlet and water pumping. A flow meter 9 is provided at one end of the connecting hose 8 for recording flow data in real time and transmitting it to the observation unit. The three groups of connecting hoses 8 are respectively connected to the suction pipe 7 and the two groups of circulation pipes 3. The connecting hoses 8 on the suction pipe 7 are used to extract sediments, and the hoses on the two groups of circulation pipes 3 are respectively used to fill and drain water into the water tank body 1, so as to ensure the stable progress of the experiment.

[0041] The observation unit in the test process includes: a camera 12 with a macro lens and high resolution, the sampling end height of the camera 12 is the junction of the sediment and the water body, wherein a tripod 13 is provided on the camera 12 for adjusting the height of the camera 12; a computer 14, connected to the camera 12 through a transmission line, for signal transmission and processing.

[0042] As a further design, it also includes four to eight telescopic rods 11 arranged under the water tank body 1. The telescopic rods 11 can be driven by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure. The telescopic ends of the telescopic rods 11 are in contact with the bottom of the water tank body 1 to form a supporting pan-tilt platform. By controlling the telescopic amount of each telescopic rod 11, the horizontal inclination angle of the water tank body 1 can be adjusted to better simulate the sediment dredging conditions of reservoirs with different heights and inclinations.

[0043] Embodiment 2:

[0044] A test method for sediment suction pit morphology under pipeline suction and drainage is proposed. Before the experiment, the sediment particle size and suction and drainage flow rate are divided into different levels for testing, including the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Lay the sediment, i.e., silt, at the bottom of the water tank body 1. Here, the particle size of the silt in the test is kept consistent. Fill the water tank body 1 with water and continue to inject water from one side to the other side until the silt is settled stably. At this time, keep circulating water to simulate water flow.

[0046] Step 2: The water pumping pipe 7 is extended into the water tank body 1 from the top and fits with the top surface of the sediment, and the camera 12 of the observation unit starts recording at the same time;

[0047] Step 3: Adjust the water inlet of the water tank body 1 to a flow rate greater than the flow rate of the water pump 7, and the drainage flow rate of the water tank body 1 remains unchanged;

[0048] Step 4: While ensuring that the particle size of the sediment remains unchanged, change the suction and discharge flow rate level of the pumping pipe 7 or adjust the distance between the pumping pipe 7 and the top surface of the sediment, and repeat steps 1 to 3 to obtain more test data;

[0049] Step 5: Change the sediment particle size and repeat steps 1 to 4;

[0050] Step 6: Through the actual data collection of the observation unit, the computer 14 runs software such as origin to draw a model diagram to analyze the influence of sediment particle size and suction and discharge velocity parameters on the development of suction pit morphology, thereby filling the gap in the field of suction pit morphology detection in pipeline dredging experiments and providing principle support for the current reservoir pipeline dredging and sediment discharge.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sediment suction pit morphology test device under pipeline suction and discharge, characterized in that: include: A water tank body (1) having a transparent structure, the bottom of which is filled with sediment; Suction and discharge units are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the water tank body (1) and are used to balance the water level in the water tank body (1); A water extraction pipe (7) is arranged directly above the water tank body (1), and the bottom opening end of the water extraction pipe (7) is in contact with the top surface of the sediment; An observation unit, wherein the observation light is perpendicular to at least one side surface of the water tank body (1), and the observation height is the boundary between the sediment and the water body; A sink (2) is provided on the top of the water tank body (1), the sink (2) is symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the water tank body (1), and a circulation pipe (3) is provided at the bottom of the sink (2); A cover plate (5) is provided on the top of the water tank body (1), a through hole (6) is provided on the cover plate (5), and the water pumping pipe (7) passes through the through hole (6). Wherein, the inner wall of the water tank body (1) is fixedly connected to a limit strip (4), and the cover plate (5) is placed on the limit strip (4); A base plate (15) is arranged on the cover plate (5), a support plate (16) is rotatably connected to the base plate (15), a roller (17) is rotatably connected to the free end of the support plate (16), the roller (17) is in contact with the outer wall of the water pumping pipe (7), and a torsion spring (18) is arranged between the base plate (15) and the support plate (16); The suction and discharge unit comprises a connecting hose (8), a water pump (10) is arranged on the connecting hose (8), a flow meter (9) is arranged at one end of the connecting hose (8), and three groups of connecting hoses (8) are respectively connected to the water extraction pipe (7) and the two groups of circulation pipes (3).

2. The sediment suction pit morphology test device under pipeline suction and discharge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross section of the water pumping pipe (7) is a square structure.

3. The sediment suction pit morphology test device under pipeline suction and discharge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The observation unit includes: Camera (12), the sampling end height of the camera (12) is the junction of the sediment and the water body, Wherein, a tripod (13) is arranged on the camera (12) for adjusting the height of the camera (12); The computer (14) is connected to the camera (12) via a transmission line for signal transmission and processing.

4. The sediment suction pit morphology test device under pipeline suction and discharge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also comprises a telescopic rod (11) arranged below the water tank body (1), the telescopic end of the telescopic rod (11) being in contact with the bottom of the water tank body (1) for adjusting the horizontal inclination angle of the water tank body (1).

5. The sediment suction pit morphology test device under pipeline suction and discharge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water tank body (1) is made of organic glass.

6. A test method comprising the sediment suction pit morphology test device under pipeline suction and discharge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Step 1: laying sediment, i.e., mud and sand, on the bottom of the water tank body (1), filling the water tank body (1) with water, and circulating the water; Step 2: The water pump (7) is extended from the top into the water tank body (1) and fits against the top surface of the sediment, and the observation unit starts recording; Step 3: Adjust the water inlet of the water tank body (1) to a flow rate greater than the flow rate of the water pump (7), and the water discharge flow rate of the water tank body (1) remains unchanged; Step 4: The particle size of the sediment remains unchanged, the suction and discharge flow rate level of the pumping pipe (7) is changed, and steps 1 to 3 are repeated; Step 5: Change the sediment particle size and repeat steps 1 to 4; Step 6: Collect data through the observation unit, draw a model diagram, and analyze the influence of sediment particle size and suction and discharge velocity parameters on the development of suction pit morphology.

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