3D lenses, terminal devices, and manufacturing methods of 3D lenses

Abstract

This application provides a method for manufacturing a 3D lens, a terminal device, and a 3D lens. The 3D lens includes a lens substrate, a transition film, and a scratch-resistant film. The lens substrate has an inner surface and an outer surface, and the lens substrate forms a viewing window area and an arc-shaped bending area surrounding the viewing window area and curving towards the inner surface. A transition film is formed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped bending area. The scratch-resistant film is formed on the transition film. In this solution, by adding a transition film, the film thickness at the arc-shaped bending area is increased, thereby improving the scratch and wear resistance of the arc-shaped bending area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of camera lens technology, and more specifically, to a 3D lens, a terminal device, and a method for manufacturing a 3D lens. Background Technology

[0002] Some terminal devices are equipped with camera components to meet shooting needs. Taking mobile phones as an example, the camera components of mobile phones usually protrude from the surface of the phone case. Therefore, when the phone is placed on a table, it is tilted, which makes the edges of the lens easily scratched and worn. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a 3D lens, a terminal device, and a method for manufacturing a 3D lens, which can reduce the risk of scratches and wear at the edges of the 3D lens.

[0004] A 3D lens, comprising:

[0005] A lens substrate having an inner surface and an outer surface, the lens substrate having a viewing window area and an arc-shaped bending area surrounding the viewing window area and bending toward the side where the inner surface is located;

[0006] A transition membrane is formed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped bending region; and

[0007] A scratch-resistant film is formed on the transition film.

[0008] Optionally, the hardness and / or elastic modulus of the transition film is greater than that of the lens substrate, and the hardness and / or elastic modulus of the anti-scratch film is greater than that of the transition film; and / or

[0009] The transition film is formed by PVD and has a thickness of 700 nm or more.

[0010] Optionally, the transition film includes an inner film layer bonded to the outer surface of the arc-shaped bending region and an outer film layer bonded to the anti-scratch film, wherein the lattice size of the inner film layer matches the lattice size of the arc-shaped bending region, and the lattice size of the outer film layer matches the lattice size of the anti-scratch film.

[0011] Optionally, the refractive index of the inner film layer is greater than that of the outer film layer.

[0012] Optionally, the lens substrate is glass, the inner film layer is a silicon nitride layer, and the outer film layer is a silicon dioxide layer or a silicon oxynitride layer.

[0013] Optionally, the transition membrane is a light-transmitting membrane, and the viewing window area is further provided with the transition membrane.

[0014] Optionally, the transition film has a Mohs hardness rating of 7 or higher under a 500g test load, and a nanoindentation hardness >13GPa; and / or

[0015] The scratch-resistant film is a diamond-like carbon film.

[0016] Optionally, the 3D lens further includes an anti-fouling film formed on the scratch-resistant film, the anti-fouling film being attached to the curved bending area and the viewing window area.

[0017] Optionally, the anti-fouling membrane includes a substrate and a perfluoropolyether layer or a perfluorosilane coupling agent layer formed on the substrate; and / or

[0018] The anti-fouling membrane meets the following condition: after rubbing with steel wool for 5000 cycles, the contact angle with water is >100°.

[0019] A terminal device, comprising:

[0020] Equipment body; and

[0021] A camera that protrudes from the surface of the device body, the camera including any of the 3D lenses described above.

[0022] A method for manufacturing a 3D lens, comprising:

[0023] A transition film is formed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped bending area that surrounds the viewing window area and bends toward the inner surface of the lens substrate.

[0024] A scratch-resistant film is formed on the transition film.

[0025] Optionally, the manufacturing method further includes:

[0026] An anti-fouling film is formed on the scratch-resistant film, and the anti-fouling film is attached to the viewing window area and the curved bending area.

[0027] This application provides a 3D lens, a terminal device, and a method for manufacturing a 3D lens, wherein a transition film is formed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped bending area, and an anti-scratch film is formed on the transition film. By adding the transition film, the thickness of the film layer in the arc-shaped bending area is increased, thereby improving the scratch and wear resistance of the arc-shaped bending area. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a 3D lens shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a front view of a 3D lens shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a terminal device illustrated in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a 3D lens according to an exemplary embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application.

[0033] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "a" or "one" and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one, which will be separately stated if only "a" is referred to. "A plurality" or "several" means two or more. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms "front," "rear," "lower," and / or "upper," "top," "bottom," and similar terms are for ease of description only and are not limited to a location or spatial orientation. The terms "comprising" or "including" and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The word “connection” or “link” is not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can also include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a 3D lens shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 The front view of the 3D lens is shown in the image.

[0035] This application provides a 3D lens 10, including a lens substrate 11, a transition film (not shown), and an anti-scratch film 12. The transition film acts as a bridging film, bonded to both the lens substrate 11 and the anti-scratch film 12, effectively improving the scratch resistance and abrasion resistance of the anti-scratch film 12. The lens substrate 11 can be made of glass or resin through thermal bending, but is not limited to these methods.

[0036] Lens substrate 11 has an inner surface and an outer surface, so as to Figure 2 Taking the placement of the 3D lens 10 as a reference, the upper surface of the 3D lens 10 is the outer surface, and the lower surface of the 3D lens 10 is the inner surface. The lens substrate 11 has a viewing window area 110 and an arc-shaped bending area 112 surrounding the viewing window area 110 and bending towards the inner surface. It can be seen that the arc-shaped bending area 112 is located at the edge of the 3D lens 10. When the outer surface of the 3D lens 10 is facing down and in an inclined state, the arc-shaped bending area 112 is easily scratched or worn.

[0037] A transition film is formed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped bending area 112, and an anti-scratch film 12 is formed on the transition film. By adding the transition film, the film thickness at the arc-shaped bending area 112 is increased, thereby improving the scratch and wear resistance of the arc-shaped bending area 112.

[0038] In one embodiment, the hardness of the transition film is greater than that of the lens substrate 11, but less than that of the anti-scratch film 12. This arrangement achieves a gradual increase in hardness among the lens substrate 11, the transition film, and the anti-scratch film 12, avoiding the direct formation of the high-hardness, thin anti-scratch film 12 on the relatively low-hardness lens substrate 11. This prevents the risk of the anti-scratch film 12 breaking or shattering in the curved bending area 112 after being directly punctured or scratched by hard particles. The slightly harder transition film helps isolate hard particles, further enhancing the scratch and abrasion resistance of the curved bending area 112. The Mohs hardness scale can be used. Elastic modulus is positively correlated with hardness; higher hardness results in a higher elastic modulus. Elastic modulus characterizes the atomic bonding force; a higher elastic modulus indicates a stronger atomic bonding force. The elastic modulus of the transition film is greater than that of the lens substrate 11, but less than that of the anti-scratch film 12.

[0039] The transition film can be formed by PVD, specifically vacuum evaporation, sputtering, arc plasma deposition, ion plating, or molecular beam epitaxy. In one embodiment, the transition film can be deposited only on the outer surface of the curved bending region 112. The thickness of the transition film can be set to 700 nm or more to obtain better overall performance. For example, the thickness of the transition film can be 700 nm, 750 nm, 800 nm, 850 nm, 900 nm, or 1000 nm, but is not limited to these.

[0040] In this embodiment, the transition film is configured as a light-transmitting film that allows light to pass through, and the window area is also provided with the transition film. That is to say, the transition film can be disposed on the entire outer surface of the lens substrate 11. With this configuration, there is no need to block the window area 110 during the coating process, making the coating process simpler.

[0041] To ensure the reliability of the transition membrane, it must meet necessary hardness requirements. In one embodiment, under a 500g test load, the transition membrane has a Mohs hardness rating of 7 or higher, and a nanoindentation hardness > 13 GPa. This ensures the hardness of the transition membrane. Of course, the hardness of the transition membrane can vary depending on different requirements.

[0042] In one embodiment, the transition film includes an inner film layer bonded to the outer surface of the arc-shaped bending region 112 and an outer film layer bonded to the anti-scratch film 12. The lattice size of the inner film layer matches the lattice size of the arc-shaped bending region 112, and the lattice size of the outer film layer matches the lattice size of the anti-scratch film 12. In other words, the transition film has a multilayer film structure. This allows the inner and outer film layers to be correspondingly set according to the materials and lattice structures of the lens substrate 11 and the anti-scratch film 12, ensuring that the lattice size of the inner film layer matches the lattice size of the arc-shaped bending region 112, and the lattice size of the outer film layer matches the lattice size of the anti-scratch film 12. This increases adhesion, reduces interface distortion and misalignment stress, and thus increases the bonding strength between the lens substrate 11, the transition film, and the anti-scratch film 12, improving durability.

[0043] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the inner coating layer is greater than that of the outer coating layer. That is, the inner coating layer uses a high-refractive-index material, and the outer coating layer uses a low-refractive-index material, which achieves anti-reflection and improved transparency. For example, the lens substrate 11 can be made of glass. For light with a wavelength of 550nm incident perpendicularly from air into glass with a refractive index of 1.52, the inner coating layer can use a low-refractive-index material with a refractive index ranging from 1.71 to 2.10, and the outer coating layer can use a high-refractive-index material with a refractive index ranging from 1.45 to 1.50.

[0044] In one specific embodiment, the lens substrate 11 is made of glass, the inner coating layer is a SixNy (silicon nitride) layer, and the outer coating layer is a SiO2 (silicon dioxide) or SiON (silicon oxynitride) layer. The ratio of O to N in the SiON layer can be adjusted according to the required optical refractive index. It should be noted that the materials used for the outer and inner coating layers can differ depending on the material chosen for the lens substrate 11.

[0045] To optimize the edge discoloration problem of 3D lenses, the incident angle can be preset to 0° and the bending angle of the arc bending area 112, respectively. The spectral curves corresponding to the two preset incident angles can be simulated by simulation. This can correct the bending angle of the arc bending area 112 and avoid large peaks or troughs in the spectral curve, thereby improving the edge discoloration problem.

[0046] In one embodiment, the anti-scratch film 12 can be formed by deposition. The anti-scratch film 12 is located in the arc-shaped bending region 112 and is deposited on the transition film. The anti-scratch film 12 can be a DLC film (diamond-like carbon film), or it can be AlN (aluminum nitride), ZrN (zirconium nitride), or TiN (tin nitride). Different materials used for the anti-scratch film 12 result in different appearance effects.

[0047] In one specific embodiment, the scratch-resistant film 12 is a tetrahedral amorphous diamond carbon film. This film is brownish-black in color, with an SP2 to SP3 hybridization ratio of 1:1.5, corresponding to a micro-Vickers hardness >2100 Hv. This film has a relatively high Vickers hardness. Furthermore, the tetrahedral amorphous diamond carbon film has a brownish-black appearance, meaning that even if wear occurs, there will be no obvious scratches.

[0048] This application does not limit the thickness of the anti-scratch film 12. In embodiments where the anti-scratch film 12 is a DLC film, since the formation time of the DLC film is relatively long and requires a high vacuum and high temperature environment, it is a high-energy-consuming process with corresponding high costs. Therefore, the thickness of the DLC film can be set to 70nm. Based on this, to avoid wear and peeling caused by a thin DLC film layer, the thickness of the transition film can be set to 700nm or more to obtain better overall performance.

[0049] When the DLC film thickness is less than 20 nm, it exhibits a translucent effect. In other embodiments, the DLC film thickness can be greater than 100 nm, with a thickness of 100 nm to 150 nm being preferred. Depending on the DLC film thickness, the corresponding colors include metallic silver, golden yellow, brown, or glossy black.

[0050] During the formation of the anti-scratch film 12, a masking film can be used to cover the viewing window area 110. The masking film can be made of high-temperature resistant PI (polyimide) material. The masking film is not adhesive and is adsorbed onto the outer surface of the lens substrate 11 by van der Waals forces. The outer contour line of the masking film must not exceed the boundary line of the bend of the lens substrate 11.

[0051] In addition, to address the issue of difficulty in spraying ink onto the inner surface of the lens substrate 11, the appearance can be improved by attaching a PET film (polyester substrate). Optical textures and decorative inks can be applied to the PET film, which can then be directly attached to the inner surface of the lens substrate 11 as an appearance decoration.

[0052] In one embodiment, the 3D lens 10 further includes an anti-fouling film (not shown) disposed on the scratch-resistant film 12, the anti-fouling film being attached to the arc-shaped bending area 112 and the viewing window area 110. The anti-fouling film has a low coefficient of dynamic friction, and is resistant to fingerprints and dirt, and has strong scratch resistance.

[0053] In one embodiment, the antifouling membrane comprises a substrate and a perfluoropolyether layer or a perfluorosilane coupling agent layer vapor-deposited on the substrate. The substrate can be 10 nm SiO2, such that the dynamic friction coefficient of the antifouling membrane is required to be <0.03. The antifouling membrane should meet the following condition: after 5000 cycles of steel wool friction, the contact angle AC (Cotact Angle) with water is >100°, thus reducing wear.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal device illustrated in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0055] This application also provides a terminal device 100, which includes, but is not limited to, mobile phones and tablet computers.

[0056] The terminal device 100 includes a device body 20 and a camera 30. The camera 30 protrudes from the surface of the device body 20 and includes the 3D lens 10 described above.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a 3D lens, which is an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0058] The manufacturing method of 3D lenses includes steps S10 and S20.

[0059] Step S10: A transition film is formed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped bending area 112 that surrounds the viewing window area and bends toward the inner surface of the lens substrate 11.

[0060] Step S10: Form an anti-scratch film 12 on the transition film.

[0061] In this method, by adding a transition film, the thickness of the film layer at the arc-shaped bending region 112 is increased, thereby improving the scratch resistance and wear resistance of the arc-shaped bending region 112.

[0062] The transition film can be formed using PVD methods, specifically vacuum evaporation, sputtering, arc plasma deposition, ion plating, or molecular beam epitaxy. The thickness of the transition film can be set to 700 nm or more to obtain better overall performance. For example, the thickness of the transition film can be 700 nm, 750 nm, 800 nm, 850 nm, 900 nm, or 1000 nm, but is not limited to these.

[0063] The transition film can be configured as a multi-layer film structure. This allows for the corresponding setting of inner and outer film layers based on the materials and lattice structures of the lens substrate 11 and the anti-scratch film 12. The lattice size of the inner film layer matches the lattice size of the curved bending area 112, and the lattice size of the outer film layer matches the lattice size of the anti-scratch film 12. This increases adhesion and reduces stress such as interface distortion and misalignment. Consequently, it increases the bonding force between the lens substrate 11, the transition film, and the anti-scratch film 12, thereby enhancing adhesion and improving durability.

[0064] In one specific embodiment, the lens substrate 11 is made of glass, the inner coating layer of the lens substrate 11 is a SixNy (silicon nitride) layer, and the outer coating layer of the lens substrate 11 is made of SiO2 (silicon dioxide) or SiON (silicon oxynitride) layer. The ratio of O to N in the SiON layer can be adjusted according to the optical refractive index requirements. It should be noted that the materials used for the outer and inner coating layers can differ depending on the material chosen for the lens substrate 11.

[0065] In one embodiment, the manufacturing method further includes:

[0066] Step S30: An anti-fouling film is formed on the scratch-resistant film, the anti-fouling film being attached to the viewing window area 110 and the arc-shaped bending area 112. The anti-fouling film has a low coefficient of dynamic friction, and is resistant to fingerprints and dirt, and has strong scratch resistance.

[0067] The anti-fouling membrane comprises a substrate and a perfluoropolyether layer or a perfluorosilane coupling agent layer vapor-deposited on the substrate. The substrate can be 10 nm SiO2, and the coefficient of dynamic friction of the anti-fouling membrane should be <0.03. The anti-fouling membrane should meet the following condition: after 5000 cycles of steel wool friction, the contact angle AC (Cotact Angle) with water should be >100°, thus reducing wear.

[0068] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A 3D lens, characterized in that, include: A lens substrate having an inner surface and an outer surface, the lens substrate having a viewing window area and an arc-shaped bending area surrounding the viewing window area and bending toward the side where the inner surface is located; A transition membrane is formed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped bending region; and A scratch-resistant film is formed on the transition film; The thickness of the transition film is 700 nm or more; The transition membrane includes an inner membrane layer bonded to the outer surface of the arc-shaped bending region and an outer membrane layer bonded to the anti-scratch membrane. The lattice size of the inner membrane layer matches the lattice size of the arc-shaped bending region, and the lattice size of the outer membrane layer matches the lattice size of the anti-scratch membrane. The hardness and / or elastic modulus of the transition film are greater than the hardness and / or elastic modulus of the lens substrate, and the hardness and / or elastic modulus of the scratch-resistant film are greater than the hardness and / or elastic modulus of the transition film.

2. The 3D lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transition membrane is formed by PVD.

3. The 3D lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refractive index of the inner film layer is greater than that of the outer film layer.

4. The 3D lens according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lens substrate is glass, the inner film layer is a silicon nitride layer, and the outer film layer is a silicon dioxide layer or a silicon oxynitride layer.

5. The 3D lens according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The transition membrane is a light-transmitting membrane, and the viewing window area is also provided with the transition membrane.

6. The 3D lens according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The transition film exhibits a Mohs hardness rating of 7 or higher under a 500g test load, and a nanoindentation hardness >13 GPa; and / or The scratch-resistant film is a diamond-like carbon film.

7. The 3D lens according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The 3D lens also includes an anti-fouling film formed on the anti-scratch film, the anti-fouling film being attached to the curved bending area and the viewing window area.

8. The 3D lens according to claim 7, characterized in that, The anti-fouling membrane includes a substrate and a perfluoropolyether layer or a perfluorosilane coupling agent layer formed on the substrate; and / or The anti-fouling membrane meets the following condition: after rubbing with steel wool for 5000 cycles, the contact angle with water is >100°.

9. A terminal device, characterized in that, include: Equipment body; and A camera protruding from the surface of the device body, the camera including a 3D lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A method for manufacturing a 3D lens, characterized in that, include: A transition film is formed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped bending area surrounding the viewing window area and bending towards the inner surface of the lens substrate; the thickness of the transition film is 700 nm or more. A scratch-resistant film is formed on the transition film; the transition film includes an inner film layer bonded to the outer surface of the arc-shaped bending region and an outer film layer bonded to the scratch-resistant film, the lattice size of the inner film layer matches the lattice size of the arc-shaped bending region, and the lattice size of the outer film layer matches the lattice size of the scratch-resistant film; the hardness and / or elastic modulus of the transition film is greater than the hardness and / or elastic modulus of the lens substrate, and the hardness and / or elastic modulus of the scratch-resistant film is greater than the hardness and / or elastic modulus of the transition film.

11. The method for manufacturing a 3D lens according to claim 10, characterized in that, The manufacturing method further includes: An anti-fouling film is formed on the scratch-resistant film, and the anti-fouling film is attached to the viewing window area and the curved bending area.

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