A method for treating saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of agricultural engineering, and particularly relates to a saline-alkali soil treatment method, which adopts a saline-alkali soil treatment system, wherein the system comprises: an underground layered drainage pipeline system, which comprises a plurality of layered drainage pipelines arranged at different depths, and each layer of the pipelines is equipped with a drainage control device with adjustable flow rate; a drainage adjusting device for adjusting the flow rate and direction of the drainage pipelines, which comprises an electric valve, a flow controller, a pressure sensor and the like; a real-time monitoring system comprising a soil salt content sensor, a moisture sensor, a temperature sensor and the like, which is used for monitoring the salt content and moisture concentration of each layer of soil; and a control center unit for receiving real-time monitoring data, generating an optimal drainage strategy, and sending a control signal to the drainage adjusting device. The application prevents the secondary accumulation of salt and the secondary salinization problem through intelligent and refined water conservancy engineering management, and long-term maintains the improvement effect of the soil.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of agricultural engineering, and particularly relates to a saline-alkali soil treatment method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Saline-alkali soil refers to a type of soil that contains a large amount of soluble salts or alkaline substances, resulting in excessive soil salinization or alkalization, which seriously affects crop growth and ecological environment. Saline-alkali soil is widely distributed around the world, especially in arid, semi-arid regions and some coastal areas. The treatment of saline-alkali soil has important ecological, economic and social significance. Saline-alkali soil usually presents problems such as soil structure deterioration and poor nutrient supply, leading to low land utilization rate, and decline in crop yield and quality. Saline-alkali soil can easily cause land degradation, desertification and other environmental problems, threatening the stability of the ecological system.

[0003] Through the treatment of saline-alkali soil, soil fertility can be effectively restored, and crop yield and quality can be improved, thereby ensuring food security. Through scientific and reasonable treatment measures, soil health can be effectively restored, land degradation can be prevented, and the regional ecological environment can be improved. The treatment and improvement of saline-alkali soil not only can increase agricultural output, but also can develop more arable land resources, promote the development of agriculture and local economy, and help poverty-stricken areas achieve sustainable development.

[0004] Alkaline soil is a type of soil that contains a large amount of soluble salts or sodium ions and other alkaline substances, resulting in reduced or lost land productivity. The improvement of saline-alkali soil usually requires a large amount of fresh water resources and time. Traditional improvement methods such as salt washing by drainage, chemical improvement, and plant improvement can alleviate the problem of salinization to some extent, but due to the uneven distribution of salt in the soil, the best improvement effect cannot be achieved. At the same time, the traditional improvement method has low water resource utilization efficiency and is prone to waste.

[0005] Therefore, it is of important technical value and application prospect to develop a saline-alkali soil treatment method that can accurately control the salt discharge of different depths of soil and significantly improve the water resource utilization efficiency. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a saline-alkali soil treatment method based on water conservancy engineering for layered salt discharge of saline-alkali soil, which can accurately control the salt discharge process of different depths of soil according to the distribution of soil salt, improve the improvement efficiency and optimize the utilization of water resources.

[0007] The application adopts the following technical scheme: a saline-alkali soil treatment method adopts a saline-alkali soil treatment system, the system comprises:

[0008] An underground multi-layer drainage pipe system, including multiple layers of drainage pipes (shallow, middle, and deep) arranged at different depths, each equipped with adjustable flow rate control devices;

[0009] Drainage regulation devices, such as electric valves, flow controllers, and pressure sensors, are used to adjust the flow rate and direction of the drainage pipes.

[0010] Real-time monitoring systems, including soil salt sensors, moisture sensors, and temperature sensors, are used to monitor the salt and moisture concentrations in each layer of soil.

[0011] A control center unit (CCU) receives real-time monitoring data, generates optimal drainage strategies, and sends control signals to the drainage regulation devices.

[0012] An auxiliary irrigation system, such as a drip irrigation system or a micro-sprinkler system, is used to supplement freshwater resources and prevent the accumulation of salt in the surface layer.

[0013] The system includes the following steps:

[0014] 1. Initial system layout

[0015] An underground multi-layer drainage pipe system is laid out in saline-alkali soil according to soil depth and salt distribution, divided into shallow (25-35 cm deep), middle (55-65 cm deep), and deep (85-95 cm deep) layers, each equipped with electric valves and flow controllers.

[0016] Salt sensors, moisture sensors, and temperature sensors are installed at different depths in the soil to form a real-time monitoring system, with the sensors connected to the control center unit (CCU).

[0017] An auxiliary irrigation system (such as a drip irrigation or micro-sprinkler system) is laid out in the surface layer of the soil to supplement freshwater as needed.

[0018] 2. Real-time monitoring of soil conditions

[0019] Salt concentration, moisture content, and temperature information are monitored in real time by salt sensors, moisture sensors, and temperature sensors distributed at different depths in the soil.

[0020] All sensor data is transmitted to the control center unit (CCU) via wireless or wired networks, which receives and stores these data in real time to form a soil condition database.

[0021] 3. Intelligent data analysis and strategy generation

[0022] The control center unit (CCU) uses built-in data analysis algorithms (such as fuzzy control algorithms and machine learning algorithms) to analyze the salt type, concentration, soil moisture content, and other environmental conditions in each layer of soil.

[0023] According to the analysis results, the CCU automatically generates the optimal layered salt drainage strategy, determines the drainage time, flow rate, and drainage volume of each depth layer, and other parameters. The CCU considers factors such as climate conditions, soil temperature, and salt solubility to optimize the drainage strategy.

[0024] 4. Layered drainage control;

[0025] According to the salt drainage strategy generated by the CCU, the electric valves and flow controllers of the layered drainage pipes adjust according to the preset program, starting the drainage process.

[0026] Drainage process specific operation:

[0027] For soil containing sodium chloride (NaCl), the CCU can set a larger flow rate and shorter drainage time, as the sodium chloride salt mainly exits through convection and diffusion, without the need for much dissolution process.

[0028] For soil containing sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), as its dissolution process is greatly affected by temperature, the CCU will select an appropriate time window (such as higher temperature) for drainage and set a lower flow rate to avoid crystallization deposition.

[0029] For salt with strong adsorption (such as boron), the CCU will extend the drainage time and increase the drainage volume to ensure its effective removal.

[0030] The electric valves of each layer pipe precisely control the flow rate, ensuring that salt at different depths can be efficiently drained without causing excessive impact on the surrounding environment.

[0031] 5. Auxiliary irrigation system regulation;

[0032] During the salt drainage process, the CCU will start the auxiliary irrigation system (such as drip irrigation or micro-sprinkler system) in time according to real-time monitoring data and soil water content, supplementing fresh water resources.

[0033] Irrigation process specific operation:

[0034] During the fresh water irrigation process after salt drainage, the CCU intelligently adjusts the flow rate and frequency of the drip irrigation system according to the salt concentration and water content of the surface soil, preventing the salt from rising due to evaporation and capillary action.

[0035] 6. Dynamic adjustment and feedback control;

[0036] During the entire salt drainage and irrigation process, the real-time monitoring system continuously monitors the salt and water content of each layer of soil.

[0037] If the salt concentration of a certain layer of soil is detected to be below the set threshold, the CCU will automatically adjust the drainage strategy for that layer, reducing the drainage volume or stopping drainage; if the salt concentration of a certain layer is detected to be below the expected target, the drainage time will be extended or the drainage flow rate will be adjusted to ensure that the salt is completely drained.

[0038] The CCU continuously optimizes the drainage and irrigation strategies through a data feedback mechanism to achieve the best effect of saline-alkali soil management.

[0039] 7. System maintenance and optimization;

[0040] The CCU regularly generates data reports, including information such as the changes in salt and water content of each layer of soil, system operation status, water consumption, drainage volume, etc. Based on these reports, the management personnel can maintain and optimize the system.

[0041] The system has a fault detection function. Once a sensor or drainage device fails, the CCU will automatically alarm and stop the relevant drainage operation to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0043] 1. The saline-alkali soil management method disclosed in the present application is used for saline-alkali soil with complex and unevenly distributed salt types, especially in areas where water resources are scarce or precise irrigation is needed, such as arid and semi-arid regions in the north, coastal beach saline-alkali soil, etc. It can significantly improve the improvement efficiency of saline-alkali soil, reduce the waste of fresh water resources, optimize water resource management, and improve land productivity. Through intelligent and fine water conservancy engineering management, the secondary accumulation of salt and the problem of secondary salinization are prevented, and the improvement effect of the soil is maintained in the long term.

[0044] 2. The present application can intelligently control the drainage speed and direction according to the characteristics of different types of salt in the soil, improve the discharge efficiency of salt, and shorten the soil improvement period. Through the Internet of Things and big data analysis technology, the saline-alkali soil drainage is fully automated and intelligent, reducing manual intervention and management costs. Precise control of water flow rate and discharge volume can avoid unnecessary waste of water resources and optimize the water resource utilization efficiency of saline-alkali soil management. It helps to avoid the problem of secondary salinization of soil during the improvement process and improve the long-term stability of the improvement effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 The principle diagram of the saline-alkali soil management method described in the present application;

[0046] Figure 2 The workflow diagram of the saline-alkali soil management method described in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of the present application.

[0048] As shown in Figure 1 The present application includes a layered underground drainage pipeline system, a drainage regulation device, a real-time monitoring system, a control center unit (CCU), and an auxiliary irrigation system. Through the layered underground drainage pipeline system, soil water samples at different depths are collected, and the salt and water content of each layer of soil is detected by the real-time monitoring system. The monitoring data is transmitted to the control center unit (CCU), which generates an optimized layered salt drainage strategy based on the type and content of soil salt and other environmental conditions.

[0049] As shown in Figure 2 The following tasks need to be completed:

[0050] 1. Layout of the layered underground drainage pipeline system:

[0051] Multiple layers of drainage pipelines are laid at different depths (such as 25-35 cm, 55-65 cm, and 85-95 cm) in saline-alkali soil. Each layer of pipeline is connected to the underground drainage main. The pipeline is made of corrosion-resistant material, and adjustable electric valves and flow controllers are installed on the pipeline.

[0052] 2. Installation of the real-time monitoring system:

[0053] Salt, moisture, and temperature sensors are installed at each depth layer of the saline-alkali soil. The sensors detect real-time salt, moisture, and temperature data in the soil and transmit the data to the control center unit (CCU).

[0054] 3. Working principle of the drainage regulation device:

[0055] The drainage regulation device adjusts the flow rate and direction of the drainage pipelines at different depths according to the control instructions, achieving precise control of layered salt drainage. The auxiliary irrigation system supplements fresh water as needed to prevent the accumulation of surface salt and improve the improvement effect.

[0056] The drainage regulation device includes electric valves, flow controllers, and pressure sensors, which adjust the flow rate and direction of the drainage pipelines by receiving control signals sent by the CCU. According to the different types and concentrations of salt in different soil layers, the system can set different drainage speeds and times to ensure efficient salt discharge.

[0057] 4. Intelligent control of the control center unit (CCU):

[0058] The CCU receives soil data from the real-time monitoring system, analyzes the current salt and water distribution of the soil using data analysis algorithms (such as fuzzy control algorithms, neural network algorithms, etc.), and generates an optimal drainage strategy. The CCU sends control signals to the drainage adjustment device to direct the pipes to drain as needed, avoiding resource waste.

[0059] 5. Layout and operation of auxiliary irrigation system:

[0060] A drip irrigation system or micro-sprinkler system is laid out on the surface of saline-alkali soil to supplement freshwater resources through low-flow, high-frequency irrigation methods to prevent surface salt accumulation and reduce evaporation loss. The auxiliary irrigation system is linked to the CCU, which can automatically adjust irrigation volume and time based on real-time monitoring data.

[0061] 6. System operation and maintenance

[0062] During system operation, the real-time monitoring system continuously collects soil environmental data, and the CCU dynamically adjusts the drainage strategy and irrigation scheme based on changing soil conditions. The entire system is easy to maintain and can achieve automated monitoring and control, reducing labor costs and management difficulty.

[0063] Working principle of the invention:

[0064] The system used in the invention collects soil water samples at different depths through a layered underground drainage pipe system and detects the salt and water content of each layer of soil through a real-time monitoring system. The monitoring data is transmitted to the control center unit (CCU), which generates an optimized layered salt drainage strategy based on the soil's salt type, content, and other environmental conditions.

[0065] The drainage adjustment device adjusts the flow rate and direction of the drainage pipes at different depths according to the control instructions to achieve precise control of layered salt drainage. The auxiliary irrigation system supplements freshwater as needed to prevent surface salt accumulation and improve the improvement effect.

[0066] The underground layered drainage pipe system is equipped with electric valves and flow controllers for each layer of drainage pipes, which can accurately adjust the drainage speed and volume. The system sets different drainage strategies based on salt concentration and type to ensure efficient and precise salt removal. Real-time monitoring system equipped with soil salt, moisture and temperature sensors can continuously and dynamically detect the conditions of different depths of soil. Sensor data is transmitted to the CCU in real time to support subsequent intelligent analysis and strategy generation. The control center unit (CCU) is the core control part of the system, responsible for receiving and processing sensor data, generating salt removal and irrigation strategies, and sending control instructions through the communication network. The CCU uses a data-driven model to continuously optimize salt removal efficiency and water resource utilization by analyzing historical data. The auxiliary irrigation system uses drip irrigation or micro-spraying systems to supplement fresh water through low-flow and frequent methods to prevent surface salt accumulation. At the same time, it can avoid the waste of soil structure and water resources caused by flood irrigation.

[0067] The intelligent salt separation control technology uses a multi-parameter sensor network to monitor the concentration and distribution of different salt types in real time, and combines big data analysis and machine learning algorithms to achieve intelligent identification and separation control of different salt characteristics such as sodium chloride, sodium sulfate and boron.

[0068] The drainage pipe system integrates high-precision electric regulating valves and intelligent water flow control devices, which can dynamically adjust water flow speed and direction according to the discharge requirements of different salt types. This design ensures efficient use of water resources and maximizes salt removal effect.

[0069] By integrating multi-modal data such as soil salt, temperature, humidity, and conductivity, the system can better understand soil conditions and salt distribution, further improving the accuracy and optimization effect of drainage strategies.

[0070] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and characteristics of the present application, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement it, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for treating saline-alkali land soil, characterized in that: A saline-alkali land soil remediation system is adopted, the system comprising: The underground layered drainage pipeline system includes multiple layers of drainage pipelines at different depths, each layer of pipeline is equipped with an adjustable flow rate drainage control device. Drainage regulating devices, used to regulate the flow rate and direction of drainage pipes, include electric valves, flow controllers, and pressure sensors; The real-time monitoring system includes soil salinity sensors, moisture sensors, and temperature sensors, used to monitor the salinity and moisture concentrations of soil in each layer. The control center unit is used to receive real-time monitoring data, generate the optimal drainage strategy, and send control signals to the drainage regulation device. Methods for remediating saline-alkali land include the following steps: S1. Initial system setup; In saline-alkali land, an underground multi-layer drainage pipe system is laid out according to the soil depth and salt distribution. It is divided into a shallow layer of 25-35cm, a medium layer of 55-65cm, and a deep layer of 85-95cm. Each layer of drainage pipe is equipped with an electric valve and a flow controller. Salt, moisture, and temperature sensors are installed at different depths in the soil to form a real-time monitoring system, with the sensors connected to the control center unit. S2. Real-time monitoring of soil conditions; By using salt, moisture, and temperature sensors distributed at different depths, the salt concentration, moisture content, and temperature information of each soil layer can be monitored in real time. All sensor data is transmitted to the control center unit via wireless or wired network. The control center unit receives and stores this data in real time to form a soil condition database. S3. Intelligent data analysis and strategy generation; The control center unit uses built-in data analysis algorithms, such as fuzzy control algorithms or machine learning algorithms, to analyze the salt type, concentration, and soil moisture content of each soil layer. Based on the analysis results, the control center unit automatically generates the optimal stratified salt drainage strategy and determines the drainage time, flow rate and drainage volume parameters for each depth layer. The control center unit also considers climatic conditions, soil temperature and salt solubility factors to optimize the drainage strategy. S4. Layered drainage control; Based on the salt removal strategy generated by the control center unit, the electric valves and flow controllers of the stratified drainage pipes are adjusted according to the preset program to start the drainage process; the electric valves of each layer of pipes precisely control the flow rate to ensure that salt at different depths can be discharged efficiently without having too much impact on the surrounding environment. The following drainage strategy is adopted: S4.1 For soils containing sodium chloride, the control center unit can be set to a larger flow rate and a shorter drainage time, because sodium chloride salts are mainly discharged through convection and diffusion, without much dissolution process. S4.2 For soils containing sodium sulfate, since its dissolution process is greatly affected by temperature, the control center unit will select an appropriate time window for drainage and set a low flow rate to avoid crystallization and deposition. S4.3 For salts with strong adsorption properties, the control center unit will extend the drainage time and increase the drainage volume to ensure effective removal. S5. Dynamic adjustment and feedback control; Throughout the entire process of desalination and irrigation, the real-time monitoring system continuously monitors the salinity and moisture status of each soil layer; If the salt concentration of a certain soil layer is detected to have dropped below a set threshold, the control center unit will automatically adjust the drainage strategy for that layer, reducing the drainage volume or stopping drainage; if the salt concentration of a certain layer is detected to have not reached the expected target, the drainage time will be extended or the drainage flow rate will be adjusted to ensure that the salt is completely removed. The control center unit continuously optimizes drainage and irrigation strategies through a data feedback mechanism to achieve the best results in saline-alkali land management.

2. The method for treating saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes auxiliary irrigation system regulation, including drip irrigation systems or micro-sprinkler systems, to supplement freshwater resources and prevent surface salt from accumulating again; During the desalination process, the control center unit will activate the auxiliary irrigation system in a timely manner based on real-time monitoring data and soil moisture content. The auxiliary irrigation system uses drip irrigation or micro-sprinkler system to supplement freshwater resources. During freshwater irrigation after salt removal, the control center unit intelligently adjusts the flow rate and frequency of the drip irrigation system based on the salt concentration and moisture content of the topsoil to prevent the salt content of the topsoil from rising again due to evaporation and capillary action.

3. A method for treating saline-alkali land soil according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: This also includes system maintenance and optimization; The control center unit regularly generates data reports, including information on changes in salinity and moisture in each soil layer, system operating status, water consumption, and drainage. Managers use these reports to maintain and optimize the system. The system has a built-in fault detection function. Once a sensor or drainage device malfunction is detected, the control center unit will automatically sound an alarm and stop the relevant drainage operation to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system.

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