A passive evaporation solar-concentrated seawater distillation device

Abstract

This invention provides a passive evaporation-type solar-concentrated seawater distillation device, which solves the problems of traditional solar-concentrated seawater distillation devices, such as dispersed components, high heat transfer resistance, significant heat loss, and low thermal energy utilization efficiency. The solar-concentrated distillation device includes: a photo-induced direct evaporation unit, a freshwater condensation unit, and a drive unit; wherein the photo-induced direct evaporation unit captures solar energy for photothermal conversion to generate heat energy, heating seawater to produce water vapor; the freshwater condensation unit provides seawater and condenses the water vapor to produce freshwater; the drive unit uses the seawater provided by the freshwater condensation unit to drive the photothermal conversion element in the photo-induced direct evaporation unit to rotate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a solar-powered seawater distillation device, specifically a passive evaporation type solar-powered concentrated seawater distillation device, belonging to the field of solar concentrating and seawater desalination technology. Background Technology

[0002] Freshwater, as the foundation of human survival and social development, is both one of the most abundant and one of the most scarce substances on Earth. Global water consumption continues to grow at a rate of 1% annually, and studies indicate that by 2050, an estimated 5 billion people worldwide will face water scarcity. Solar-powered seawater desalination technology, with its low-carbon, environmentally friendly, energy-efficient, and safe characteristics, is considered one of the effective technological pathways to increase freshwater supply. In particular, small-scale solar-powered seawater distillation units, with their simple structure, good economics, easy operation and maintenance, and suitability for distributed applications in remote areas, have excellent development potential and application prospects.

[0003] In the process of producing freshwater, solar-powered seawater distillation devices involve solar energy capture, photothermal conversion, heat transfer, seawater evaporation, and water vapor condensation. Therefore, the efficiency of these processes and the ability to achieve organic heat-mass coupling between them are key factors affecting the water production performance of solar-powered seawater distillation devices. In fact, solar-powered seawater distillation devices suffer from problems such as the separation of heat collection, heat transfer, and heat utilization units (i.e., dispersed components), long mass transfer distances, high thermal resistance, significant heat loss, insufficient condensation capacity, high energy demand for high energy flux density, and a mismatch between the temperatures required for efficient photothermal conversion and efficient evaporation and condensation. These issues result in poor water production performance of solar-powered seawater dispersals and prevent low-cost, large-scale applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a passive evaporation solar concentrating seawater distillation device, which can solve the problems of dispersed components, large heat transfer resistance, large heat loss and low thermal energy utilization efficiency of traditional solar seawater distillation devices.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a passive evaporation type solar concentrating seawater distillation device, comprising: a photo-induced direct evaporation unit, a freshwater condensation unit, and a driving unit;

[0006] The photo-induced direct evaporation unit is used to capture solar energy for photothermal conversion to generate heat energy, which heats seawater to produce water vapor.

[0007] The freshwater condensation unit is used to provide seawater and condense the water vapor to produce freshwater.

[0008] The driving unit uses seawater provided by the freshwater condensation unit to drive the photothermal converter in the photoinduced direct evaporation unit to rotate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photo-induced direct evaporation unit includes: a shell A and a photothermal converter and an evaporating water body located within the shell A;

[0010] The front end face of the housing A is a transparent cover plate, and the housing A is provided with several reflective mirror surfaces;

[0011] The lower part of the interior of the shell A is an evaporation water tank for accommodating the evaporating water.

[0012] The photothermal converter is arranged above the evaporation tank to receive sunlight that passes through the transparent cover and the reflective mirror and is reflected and converged to generate heat energy through photothermal conversion.

[0013] The photothermal converter can rotate around its own axis under the drive of the drive unit. During the rotation of the photothermal converter, the fins arranged on its surface agitate and evaporate the water as it rotates, forming a seawater liquid film on the fin surface. The incident sunlight and the sunlight converged by the reflecting mirror undergo photothermal conversion on the fin surface of the photothermal converter to heat the liquid film. After the temperature rises, the seawater liquid film generates water vapor.

[0014] The water vapor enters the freshwater condensation unit through the humid air channel on shell A.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fresh water collection tank is provided on the inner surface of the reflective mirror to collect fresh water generated by the condensation of water vapor on the reflective mirror.

[0016] The freshwater collection tank is connected to the freshwater tank in the freshwater condensation unit.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the housing A is provided with three reflective surfaces, namely a first reflective surface, a second reflective surface, and a third reflective surface;

[0018] The surface of the housing A opposite to the transparent cover is a semi-parabolic reflective mirror, serving as the first reflective mirror. The bottom surface of the housing A consists of two connected involute reflective mirrors, namely the second and third reflective mirrors.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the axis of the photothermal converter is located at the focal line of the first reflective mirror, the second reflective mirror, and the third reflective mirror.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the freshwater condensation unit includes: a shell B, a seawater tank, a water supply condensation tank, a water supply pipe, and a freshwater tank;

[0021] The water supply condensate tank has a hollow channel inside;

[0022] The upper part of the interior of the shell B is a seawater tank for holding seawater, and the top of the seawater tank is provided with a water inlet;

[0023] The bottom plate of the seawater tank is provided with a water leakage hole. The seawater in the seawater tank enters the channel inside the water supply condensation tank below through the water leakage hole, and then flows downward along the channel inside the water supply condensation tank under its own gravity.

[0024] The lower end of the internal channel of the water supply condensation tank is connected to the water supply pipe;

[0025] The water supply pipe extends into the photo-induced direct evaporation unit to supply seawater to the drive unit;

[0026] The area below the water supply condensation tank inside the shell B is a freshwater tank.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water supply condensation tank divides the internal cavity of the housing B into front and rear parts;

[0028] The water vapor generated in the photo-induced direct evaporation unit flows directionally through the humid air channel to the rear part of the internal cavity of the freshwater condensation unit.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an inlet is provided on the upper end face of the water supply condensation tank at a position corresponding to the water leakage hole, and a water baffle is provided on the outer periphery of the upper end face of the water supply condensation tank.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drive unit includes: a turntable and a rotating shaft;

[0031] The turntable is located inside the photo-induced direct evaporation unit and at the outlet end of the water supply pipe; the turntable is connected to the photothermal converter via a rotating shaft;

[0032] The seawater discharged from the water supply pipe falls onto the blades of the turntable, pushing the turntable to rotate and causing the photothermal conversion body to rotate; at the same time, the seawater enters the evaporation tank.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the water supply condensation tank is hinged to the bottom plate of the seawater tank, and the water supply condensation tank can rotate around the hinge; the upper end face of the water supply condensation tank is provided with a water-blocking plug that can seal the leakage hole at the bottom of the seawater tank.

[0034] On the shell B, the groove through which the water supply pipe passes is a sliding groove, and the water supply pipe can slide up and down in the sliding groove; thereby driving the water supply condensation tank to rotate around its hinge point with the bottom plate of the seawater tank, so as to block or open the water leakage hole with the water-blocking plug.

[0035] A float is provided on the surface of the evaporated water in the photo-induced direct evaporation unit; the float is connected to the water supply pipe extending into the photo-induced direct evaporation unit via a support rod, and is used to push the water supply pipe to slide up and down in the sliding groove.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a support rod is symmetrically extended from two opposite sides of the end of the water supply pipe, and a float is connected to the lower end of each support rod.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photo-induced direct evaporation unit and the freshwater condensation unit are arranged side by side in a transverse manner and share a side plate; the driving unit is disposed between the photo-induced direct evaporation unit and the freshwater condensation unit.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two photo-induced direct evaporation units are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the freshwater condensation unit; each photo-induced direct evaporation unit on each side is provided with a corresponding driving unit.

[0039] Beneficial effects:

[0040] (1) In the passive evaporation solar concentrating seawater distillation device of the present invention, the photo-induced direct evaporation unit and the freshwater condensation unit are integrated together to achieve efficient integration of processes such as solar energy capture, photothermal conversion, heat energy transfer, seawater evaporation, and water vapor condensation; and the driving unit directly uses the feed seawater droplets in the freshwater condensation unit to drive the photothermal conversion body in the photo-induced direct evaporation unit to rotate.

[0041] (2) In the solar concentrating seawater distillation device of the present invention, seawater enters the evaporation tank under its own gravity, and at the same time drives the turntable to rotate. The rotating shaft drives the photothermal converter to rotate the fins in the seawater to form a liquid film. During this process, the potential energy of the seawater is converted into the kinetic energy of the photothermal converter, so that the device can operate on its own.

[0042] (3) In the solar concentrating seawater distillation device of the present invention, the photothermal converter receives the converging light from the reflector and generates heat energy through photothermal conversion. This heats the seawater liquid film on the surface of the continuously rotating fins for evaporation, thereby achieving photo-induced direct interface evaporation of seawater. It has the characteristics of low thermal inertia of the evaporating water, fast liquid film evaporation rate, and short heat and mass transfer distance.

[0043] (4) In the solar concentrating seawater distillation device of the present invention, the float can move up and down according to the rise and fall of the water surface of the evaporating water, drive the water supply condensation tank to move up and down in a folding manner, and then control the opening and closing of the water leakage hole through the water-blocking plug to realize the automatic switching of seawater supply.

[0044] (5) During the downward stretching and movement of the “Z”-shaped water supply condenser in the solar concentrating seawater distillation device of the present invention, a slight negative pressure will be formed in the cavity of the condensation unit, which is conducive to the water vapor in the photo-induced direct evaporation unit entering the fresh water condensation unit for heat exchange and condensation, thus enhancing the condensation performance of the device.

[0045] (6) The feed seawater flows into the inner cavity of the water condensation tank of the solar concentrating seawater distillation device of the present invention, and the outer wall receives the latent heat of condensation released during the condensation of water vapor, thereby realizing the recovery and reuse of the latent heat of condensation of water vapor, while increasing the temperature of the feed seawater and shortening the temperature rise evaporation time. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the solar-powered concentrating seawater distillation device of the present invention;

[0047] Wherein: 1-Photo-induced direct evaporation unit; 101-First reflecting mirror; 102-Second reflecting mirror; 103-Third reflecting mirror; 104-Photothermal converter; 105-Evaporator fins; 106-Freshwater collection tank; 107-Transparent cover plate; 108-Side plate; 109-Humid air channel; 110-Evaporation water body; 111-Evaporation water tank; 2-Freshwater condensation unit; 201-Water inlet; 202-Seawater tank; 203-Vertical cover plate; 204-Leakage hole; 205-Water supply condensation tank; 206-Water outlet; 207-Water supply pipe; 208-Water baffle; 209-Water baffle strip; 211-Sliding groove; 301-Turntable; 302-Float ball; 303-Support rod; 304-Rotating shaft.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a front view of the solar-powered concentrating seawater distillation apparatus of the present invention;

[0049] Wherein: 207-water supply pipe; 208-water baffle; 209-water baffle strip; 3-drive unit.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a side view of the solar-powered concentrating seawater distillation apparatus of the present invention;

[0051] Among them: 210 - Freshwater tank.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the condensation unit of the solar-powered concentrating seawater distillation device of the present invention;

[0053] Wherein: 211 - sliding groove;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a side view of the evaporation unit of the solar-powered concentrating seawater distillation apparatus of the present invention;

[0055] Wherein: 110 - Evaporation water body; 111 - Evaporation water tank; 401 - Sunlight. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0057] Example 1:

[0058] This embodiment provides a passive evaporation solar-concentrated seawater distillation device that integrates a photo-induced direct evaporation unit and a freshwater condensation unit into the same device, enabling efficient coupling of heat and mass in processes such as solar energy capture, photothermal conversion, heat transfer, seawater evaporation, and water vapor condensation.

[0059] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the seawater distillation device includes: a photo-direct evaporation unit 1, a freshwater condensation unit 2, and a drive unit 3; wherein the photo-direct evaporation unit 1 is used to capture solar energy (i.e., receive sunlight) and convert it into heat energy to heat seawater and produce water vapor; the freshwater condensation unit 2 is used to provide seawater and condense the water vapor to produce freshwater; the drive unit 3 is used to provide the power required for the device to desalinate seawater; wherein the drive unit 3 is disposed between the photo-direct evaporation unit 1 and the freshwater condensation unit 2, and the drive unit 3 can use the seawater provided by the freshwater condensation unit 2 to drive the photothermal converter 104 in the photo-direct evaporation unit 1 to rotate, that is, the drive unit 3 converts the potential energy of the seawater provided by the freshwater condensation unit 2 into the kinetic energy of the photothermal converter 104 in the photo-direct evaporation unit 1, so as to realize the self-operation of the device.

[0060] As an example, a photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 is set up, and the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 and the fresh water condensation unit 2 are arranged horizontally side by side (sharing a common outer shell side plate). The driving unit 3 is set between the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 and the fresh water condensation unit 2, that is, the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 and the fresh water condensation unit 2 are connected through the driving unit 3.

[0061] As an example, two photo-induced direct evaporation units 1 are set up, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the freshwater condensation unit 2. Each photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 on each side corresponds to a driving unit 3, which is connected to the freshwater condensation unit 2 through the driving unit 3.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] This embodiment provides a preferred implementation of the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1, the freshwater condensation unit 2, and the driving unit 3.

[0064] The photothermal direct evaporation unit 1 includes: a shell A, and a photothermal converter 104 and an evaporating water body 110 located within the shell A; the front end of the shell A is a transparent cover plate 107, and the shell A provides several reflective mirrors; the lower interior of the shell A contains an evaporation tank 111 for accommodating the evaporating water body 110; the photothermal converter 104 is arranged above the evaporation tank 111 to receive sunlight reflected and converged through the transparent cover plate 107 and the reflective mirrors for photothermal conversion to generate heat energy; the photothermal converter 104 can rotate around its own axis under the drive of the drive unit 3. During the rotation of the photothermal converter 104, the multi-wing fins arranged on its surface agitate the evaporating water body 110 and form a seawater liquid film on the fin surface. The incident sunlight and the sunlight converged by the reflective mirrors undergo photothermal conversion on the fin surface of the photothermal converter 104 to heat the liquid film, and after the temperature rises, the seawater liquid film generates water vapor. The water vapor enters the freshwater condensation unit 2 through the humid air channel 109 on the shell.

[0065] As an example, the photothermal converter 104 is made of six evaporator fins 105 that are evenly spaced along the circumference and welded together. The surface of the evaporator fins 105 is coated with a material with excellent light absorption properties and hydrophilicity, so that it has good light absorption properties and hydrophilicity, and is used to convert the received sunlight into heat energy and heat the liquid film on its surface to evaporate and generate water vapor.

[0066] A humid air channel 109 is provided above the side of the shell that is connected to the fresh water condensation unit 2. The water vapor generated by the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 enters the fresh water condensation unit 2 through the humid air channel 109; that is, the heat energy generated by the photothermal conversion of the photothermal converter 104 heats the liquid film to generate water vapor, which enters the fresh water condensation unit 2 through the humid air channel 109 to generate fresh water.

[0067] The front side of the housing A is a transparent cover plate 107; the housing A also provides several reflective mirrors to reflect and concentrate the sunlight passing through the transparent cover plate 107 to the photothermal converter 104 for photothermal conversion; the fresh water collection tank 106 is arranged on the inner surface of the reflective mirrors to collect the fresh water generated by the condensation of water vapor on the reflective mirrors.

[0068] As an example, housing A provides three reflective surfaces, namely a first reflective surface 101, a second reflective surface 102, and a third reflective surface 103; based on this, the structure of housing A is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, in this example, the shell A provides three reflective mirrors based on the principle of composite multi-curved solar concentrating. The side facing the transparent cover 107, i.e., the rear side, is a semi-parabolic reflective mirror (i.e., the first reflective mirror 101). The bottom surface of the shell A consists of two connected involute reflective mirrors (the second reflective mirror 102 and the third reflective mirror 103, respectively). Thus, the shell A is a closed structure formed by two side plates 108, the front transparent cover 107, the rear first reflective mirror 101, and the bottom second and third reflective mirrors 102 and 103. Therefore, the evaporation tank 111 is the space enclosed by the second and third reflective mirrors 102 and 103 inside the shell A. A horizontal freshwater collection tank 106 is arranged on the inner surface of the first reflective mirror 101. The height of the evaporated water body 110 is lower than the height of the freshwater collection tank 106, i.e., the freshwater collection tank 106 is located above the surface of the evaporated water body 110.

[0069] Preferably, the axis of the photothermal converter 104 is located at the focal line of the first reflecting mirror 101, the second reflecting mirror 102, and the third reflecting mirror 103.

[0070] Preferably, the surface of the transparent cover 107 is coated with a one-way light-transmitting material, which allows sunlight to enter the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1, but prevents sunlight from escaping from the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1.

[0071] Preferably, the freshwater collection tank 106 is arranged at the junction of the first reflecting mirror 101 and the second reflecting mirror 102.

[0072] The freshwater condensation unit 2 includes: a shell B, a seawater tank 202, a vertical cover plate 203, a water supply condensation tank 205, a water supply pipe 207, and a freshwater tank. The water supply condensation tank 205 has a hollow channel inside, which is used to transport seawater, and the outer wall is used to condense water vapor to generate freshwater.

[0073] As an example, the surface of the water condensate tank 205 is covered with a hydrophilic material.

[0074] The upper part of the shell B of the freshwater condensation unit 2 is a seawater tank 202, which is used to hold seawater. The top of the seawater tank 202 is provided with a water inlet 201, which is used to replenish the seawater tank 202 with seawater. The bottom plate of the seawater tank 202 is provided with a drain hole 204. The seawater in the seawater tank 202 can enter the channel inside the water supply condensation tank 205 below through the drain hole 204 (that is, the top opening of the hollow channel in the water supply condensation tank 205 corresponds to the position of the drain hole 204), and then flow downward along the channel inside the water supply condensation tank 205 under its own gravity.

[0075] As an example, the upper surface of the water supply condensation tank 205 is provided with a water inlet to ensure that the seawater flowing out through the water leakage hole 204 can smoothly enter the channel of the water supply condensation tank 205.

[0076] The feedwater condensation tank 205 is located below the seawater tank 202 inside the shell B of the freshwater condensation unit 2. When the photo-induced direct evaporation units 1 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the freshwater condensation unit 2, the left side of the shell B of the freshwater condensation unit 2 is the side plate 108 of the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 connected to its left side, and the right side is the side plate 108 of the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 connected to its right side. The side plate 108 is used to seal the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 and the freshwater condensation unit 2, and to divide the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 and the freshwater condensation unit 2 into two independent spaces. The humid air channel 109 is located at the upper end of the side plate 108, serving as the channel for the water vapor generated by the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 to enter the freshwater condensation unit 2.

[0077] The lower end of the water supply condensation tank 205 is connected to the water supply pipe 207; the water supply condensation tank 205 transports seawater from the seawater tank 202 to the water supply pipe 207 through its internal hollow channel. The water supply pipe 207 extends into the photothermal direct evaporation unit 1 to supply seawater to the drive unit 3, and the drive unit 3 converts the potential energy of the seawater in the water supply pipe 207 into kinetic energy to drive the rotation of the photothermal converter 104.

[0078] The front end of the freshwater condensation unit 2 cavity is a vertical cover plate 203. The surface of the vertical cover plate 203 has one-way light transmission, which allows sunlight to enter the freshwater condensation unit 2 in one direction, but prevents sunlight from escaping from the freshwater condensation unit 2.

[0079] As an example, the water supply condenser 205 divides the cavity of the freshwater condensation unit 2 into front and rear parts (let the area between the water supply condenser 205 and the vertical cover plate 203 be the front part of the cavity). The humid air channel 109 provided on the side plate 108 is connected to the rear part of the cavity of the freshwater condensation unit 2, so that the humid air in the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 flows directionally to the rear part of the cavity of the freshwater condensation unit 2, where it is condensed.

[0080] Thus, the seawater to be evaporated flows in the channel of the water supply condensation tank 205, and the outer wall of the water supply condensation tank 205 facing the rear part of the cavity of the fresh water condensation unit 2 cools the water vapor to generate fresh water, and absorbs solar radiation energy towards the outer wall of the transparent cover plate 107 to preheat the seawater to be evaporated.

[0081] The bottom of the freshwater condensation unit 2 cavity is a freshwater tank 210 (the area below the feedwater condensation tank 205), and freshwater from the freshwater collection tank 106 of the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 can flow into the freshwater tank 210. The outer wall of the feedwater condensation tank 205 is used to condense water vapor to produce freshwater; that is, after the water vapor generated by the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 enters the freshwater condensation unit 2 through the humid air channel 109, it condenses into freshwater on the wall of the feedwater condensation tank 205 near the humid air (i.e., the wall facing the rear part of the freshwater condensation unit 2 cavity) and slides down into the freshwater tank 210; that is, the freshwater condensed on the outer wall of the feedwater condensation tank 205 slides down and collects in the freshwater tank 210, and then is discharged through the outlet 206 located at the bottom of the freshwater condensation unit 2 cavity.

[0082] As an example, a water baffle 209 is also provided on the upper surface of the water supply condensation tank 205 (located on the periphery of the upper surface of the water supply condensation tank 205) to prevent seawater flowing out through the water leakage hole 204 from entering the freshwater tank 210. That is, the water baffle 209 ensures that all seawater flowing out through the water leakage hole 204 enters the internal channel of the water supply condensation tank 205.

[0083] As an example, when there are two photo-induced direct evaporation units 1, two water supply condensation tanks 205 are arranged side by side in the freshwater condensation unit. Correspondingly, there are two sets of water supply pipes 207, water-blocking plugs 208, water-blocking strips 209, and sliding grooves 211, which are symmetrically arranged in the freshwater condensation unit 2 and correspond to the photo-induced direct evaporation units 1 on both sides respectively.

[0084] The drive unit 3 includes a turntable 301 and a rotating shaft 304. The turntable 301 is located inside the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 and at the outlet end of the water supply pipe 207 at the lower end of the freshwater condensation unit 2. The turntable 301 is connected to the photothermal converter 104 through the rotating shaft 304 and is used to drive the photothermal converter 104 to rotate through the rotating shaft 304.

[0085] When there are two photo-induced direct evaporation units 1, each photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 is provided with a corresponding drive unit 3. The turntables 301 in the drive units 3 on both sides are connected by a rotating shaft 304, that is, the two turntables 301 are respectively set at the two ends of the axial direction of the rotating shaft 304.

[0086] The working principle of the drive unit 3 is as follows: the seawater discharged through the water supply pipe 207 falls onto the blades of the turntable 301, which drives the turntable 301 to rotate, and at the same time the seawater enters the evaporation tank 111; after the turntable 301 rotates, it drives the photothermal conversion body 104 to rotate through the rotating shaft 304, which causes the evaporator fins 105 to sweep across the evaporation water body 110 to form a seawater liquid film. The evaporator fins 105 receive sunlight to carry out photothermal conversion to generate heat energy to heat the seawater liquid film and generate water vapor.

[0087] Preferably, the blades of the turntable 301 are located below the outlet of the water supply pipe 207.

[0088] Example 3:

[0089] Based on the above embodiment 2, in order to realize the automatic control of the seawater entering the water supply condensation tank 205, a water-blocking plug 208 is provided on the upper end face of the water supply condensation tank 205. The water-blocking plug 208 can block the water leakage hole 204 at the bottom of the seawater tank 202 and control the seawater supply. Moreover, the water-blocking plug 208 can automatically control the blocking or opening of the water leakage hole 204 according to the amount of water 110 evaporated in the evaporation tank 111 in the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1.

[0090] Specifically: First, the upper surface of the water supply condensation tank 205 is an inclined slope (i.e., it has a downward inclination angle relative to the bottom plate of the seawater tank 202); the upper end of the water supply condensation tank 205 is hinged to the bottom plate of the seawater tank 202, and the water supply condensation tank 205 can rotate around the hinge; on the side plate of the freshwater condensation unit 2 cavity, the groove for the water supply pipe 207 to pass through is a sliding groove 211 (i.e., a vertically set waist-shaped groove, in which the water supply pipe 207 can slide); the lower end of the water supply condensation tank 205 is connected to the water supply pipe 207 located in the sliding groove 211.

[0091] As an example, the water-blocking plug 208 corresponds one-to-one with the water-leaking hole 204.

[0092] The water supply condensate tank 205 is a foldable, vertically movable "Z"-shaped hollow channel; the water supply condensate tank 205 is lubricated and sealed with the side plate 108; the water supply pipe 207 can move up and down within the sliding groove 211, thereby driving the water supply condensate tank 205 to rotate around its hinge point with the bottom plate of the seawater tank 202, thus achieving the sealing or opening of the leakage hole 204 by the water-blocking plug 208. That is, when the lower end of the water supply condensate tank 205 is at the lowest position of the sliding groove 211, the water-blocking plug 208 is away from the leakage hole 204 (e.g., Figure 3 As shown), the seawater flowing out of the drain hole 204 enters the hollow channel of the water supply condensation tank 205 through the water inlet at the upper end; when the water supply condensation tank 205 moves upward in the sliding groove 211, the upper end of the water supply condensation tank 205 rotates around the hinge point with the bottom plate of the seawater tank 202, and when it rotates to the point where the water-blocking plug 208 enters the drain hole 204, it seals the drain hole 204.

[0093] Secondly, a float 302 and a support rod 303 are provided in the drive unit 3; the float 302 floats on the surface of the evaporated water 110 in the photo-direct evaporation unit 1, and moves up and down with the change of the liquid level of the evaporated water 110. The float 302 is connected to the water supply pipe 207 that extends into the photo-direct evaporation unit 1 through the support rod 303, and is used to push the water supply pipe 207 to move up and down, thereby driving the water supply condensation tank 205 and the water baffle 208 to move up and down.

[0094] Specifically:

[0095] When the liquid level of the evaporated water 110 in the evaporation tank 111 drops, the float 302 descends, pushing the water supply pipe 207 downwards in the sliding groove 211 via the support rod 303, and driving the water supply condensation tank 205 to unfold downwards. This causes the water-blocking plug 208 at the top of the water supply condensation tank 205 to leave the drain hole 204, and seawater flows downwards in the form of a liquid film, replenishing the seawater (i.e., seawater enters the evaporation tank 111 through the internal channels of the water supply condensation tank 205 and the water supply pipe 207 in sequence). At the same time, the seawater pushes the turntable 301 to rotate, driving the photothermal converter 104 to rotate, promoting the evaporation of seawater. Simultaneously, the downward stretching of the water supply condensation tank 205 creates a slight negative pressure in the freshwater condensation unit 2 cavity, promoting the entry of humid air (i.e., water vapor evaporated from the surface of the fins of the photothermal converter 104) in the photo-induced direct evaporation unit 1 into the freshwater condensation unit 2 for condensation.

[0096] When the level of the evaporating water 110 rises, the float 302 floats up and pushes the water supply pipe 207 to move upward in the sliding groove 211 through the support rod 303, and drives the water supply condensation tank 205 to fold upward. This causes the upper end face of the water supply condensation tank 205 to rotate around its hinge with the bottom plate of the seawater tank. When the level of the evaporating water in the evaporating water tank reaches the design height, the water-blocking plug 208 blocks the water leakage hole 204, and at this time the seawater tank 202 stops supplying seawater.

[0097] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in order to ensure the reliable pushing and pulling of the float on the water supply pipe 207 by the support rod 303, a pair of floats 302 are provided in each drive unit 3; that is, a support rod 303 is symmetrically led out from the two opposite sides of the end of the water supply pipe 207, and a float 302 is connected to the lower end of each support rod 303, so that the two floats 302 are symmetrically distributed on the two opposite sides of the end of the water supply pipe 207.

[0098] The working principle of this solar-powered concentrated seawater distillation device is as follows:

[0099] When the solar-powered concentrating seawater distillation device starts operating, the seawater tank 202 is filled with seawater through the water inlet 201. Under its own gravity, the seawater flows through the drain hole 204 on the bottom plate of the seawater tank 202 into the channel inside the water supply condensation tank 205 and collects in the water supply pipe 207. After flowing out of the water supply pipe 207, the seawater falls onto the blades of the turntable 301, pushing the turntable 301 to rotate and enter the evaporation tank 111. The rotating turntable 301 drives the coaxially arranged photothermal conversion body 104 to rotate through the rotating shaft 304. The evaporator fins 105 successively sweep over the evaporation water body 110 and form a seawater liquid film on its surface.

[0100] like Figure 5As shown, the rotating photothermal converter 104 receives reflected and focused light rays passing through the transparent cover plate 107 and the first reflecting mirror 101, the second reflecting mirror 102 and the third reflecting mirror 103, and performs photothermal conversion. The generated heat energy heats the seawater liquid film on the surface of the evaporator fins 105, causing a phase change and producing water vapor. Under the action of buoyancy, the water vapor enters the freshwater condensation unit 2 through the humid air channel 109 and condenses on the outer wall of the water supply condensation tank 205 to generate freshwater. The freshwater slides down into the freshwater tank 210 under the action of gravity and is finally discharged through the outlet 206.

[0101] During this process, the fresh water generated by the condensation of water vapor on the first reflecting mirror 101 is collected by the fresh water collection tank 106 and then gathered into the fresh water tank 210. When the water vapor condenses on the outer wall of the feed water condensation tank 205, it releases the latent heat of condensation, which heats the seawater in the channel of the feed water condensation tank 205, realizing the recovery and utilization of heat energy and the preheating of the feed seawater. In addition, the feed water condensation tank 205 can receive sunlight, which can further preheat the feed seawater in its channel.

[0102] When the level of the evaporating water body 110 rises, the float 302 moves upward, driving the water supply pipe 207 to move upward along the sliding groove 211 via the support rod 303. This pushes the water supply condensation tank 205 upward in a folding motion, causing the water-blocking plug 208 to seal the leakage hole 204 and stop the seawater supply. When the level of the evaporating water body 110 drops, the float 302 moves downward, driving the water supply pipe 207 to move downward along the sliding groove 211 via the support rod 303. This pushes the water supply condensation tank 205 downward, causing the water-blocking plug 208 to move away from the leakage hole 204. 4. The seawater supply begins. The seawater flows into the evaporation tank 111 through the water supply condensation tank 205 and the water supply pipe 207, and drives the turntable 301 to rotate. In turn, the rotating shaft 304 drives the photothermal converter 104 to rotate. The rotating evaporator fins 105 sweep over the evaporation water body 110 and form a seawater liquid film on its surface. After receiving sunlight, the liquid film is heated and undergoes a phase change to generate water vapor. Thus, the solar concentrating seawater distillation device achieves automatic seawater supply and automatic rotation of the photothermal converter 104, which is a passive water production method.

[0103] The above description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. However, it should not be construed that the specific implementation of the invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive evaporative solar concentrating seawater distillation apparatus, characterized in that: The device comprises a light-induced direct evaporation unit (1), a fresh water condensation unit (2) and a driving unit (3); The light-induced direct evaporation unit (1) is used for capturing solar energy to generate heat energy through photo-thermal conversion, and heating seawater to generate water vapor; The fresh water condensation unit (2) is used for providing seawater and condensing the water vapor to generate fresh water; The driving unit (3) drives the photo-thermal conversion body (104) in the light-induced direct evaporation unit (1) to rotate by using the seawater provided by the fresh water condensation unit (2); The fresh water condensation unit (2) comprises a shell B, a seawater tank (202), a water supply condensation groove (205), a water supply pipe (207) and a fresh water tank (210); The water supply condensation groove (205) has a hollow channel inside; The top of the bottom plate of the seawater tank (202) is provided with a water inlet (201); The bottom plate of the seawater tank (202) is provided with a water leakage hole (204), and the seawater in the seawater tank (202) enters the channel inside the water supply condensation groove (205) through the water leakage hole (204), and then flows downward along the channel inside the water supply condensation groove (205) under the action of its own gravity; The lower end of the channel inside the water supply condensation groove (205) is communicated with the water supply pipe (207); The water supply pipe (207) extends into the light-induced direct evaporation unit (1) to provide seawater for the driving unit (3); The area below the water supply condensation groove (205) in the shell B is a fresh water tank (210); The upper end of the water supply condensation groove (205) is hinged with the bottom plate of the seawater tank (202), and the water supply condensation groove (205) can rotate around the hinge; the upper end surface of the water supply condensation groove (205) is provided with a water stop plug (208) capable of blocking the water leakage hole (204) of the bottom of the seawater tank (202); The groove for the water supply pipe (207) to pass through on the shell B is a sliding groove (211), and the water supply pipe (207) can slide up and down in the sliding groove (211); further driving the water supply condensation groove (205) to rotate around the hinge with the bottom plate of the seawater tank (202), realizing the blocking or opening of the water stop plug (208) to the water leakage hole (204); The liquid surface of the evaporation water body (110) in the light-induced direct evaporation unit (1) is provided with a floating ball (302); the floating ball (302) is connected with the water supply pipe (207) extending into the light-induced direct evaporation unit (1) through a supporting rod (303), and is used for pushing the water supply pipe (207) to slide up and down in the sliding groove (211).

2. The passive evapo-transpirative solar concentrated seawater distillation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The light-induced direct evaporation unit (1) comprises a shell A and a photo-thermal conversion body (104) in the shell A; The front end surface of the shell A is a transparent cover plate (107), and the shell A provides a plurality of mirror surfaces; The lower part of the inside of the shell A is an evaporation water tank (111) for containing an evaporation water body (110); The light-heat conversion body (104) is arranged above the evaporation water tank (111) for receiving the sunlight rays passing through the transparent cover plate (107) and the reflecting mirror surface to generate heat energy through light-heat conversion; The light-heat conversion body (104) can rotate around its own axis under the driving of the driving unit (3); during the rotation of the light-heat conversion body (104), the fins arranged on the surface thereof agitate the evaporation water body (110) and form a seawater liquid film on the surface of the fins; the incident sunlight and the sunlight converging through the reflecting mirror surface are subjected to light-heat conversion on the surface of the fins of the light-heat conversion body to heat the liquid film, and the seawater liquid film generates water vapor after temperature rise; The water vapor enters the fresh water condensation unit (2) through the wet air passage (109) on the shell A.

3. The passive evapo-transpirative solar concentrated seawater distillation apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The inner surface of the reflecting mirror surface is provided with a fresh water collecting groove (106) for collecting the fresh water generated by the condensation of the water vapor on the reflecting mirror surface; The fresh water collecting groove (106) is in communication with the fresh water groove (210) in the fresh water condensation unit (2).

4. The passive evapo-transpirative solar concentrated seawater distillation apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The shell A provides three reflecting mirror surfaces, namely a first reflecting mirror surface (101), a second reflecting mirror surface (102) and a third reflecting mirror surface (103); The surface of the shell A opposite to the transparent cover plate (107) is a half-parabolic reflecting mirror surface, which is the first reflecting mirror surface (101); the bottom surface of the shell A is two connected involute reflecting mirror surfaces, namely the second reflecting mirror surface (102) and the third reflecting mirror surface (103).

5. The passive evapo-transpirative solar concentrated seawater distillation apparatus of claim 4, wherein: The axis of the light-heat conversion body is located at the focal line of the first reflecting mirror surface (101), the second reflecting mirror surface (102) and the third reflecting mirror surface (103).

6. The passive evaporative solar concentrated seawater distillation apparatus of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: The water supply condensing groove (205) divides the internal cavity of the shell B into front and rear parts; The water vapor generated in the light-induced direct evaporation unit (1) flows to the rear part of the internal cavity of the fresh water condensation unit (2) through the wet air passage (109).

7. The passive evaporative solar concentrated seawater distillation apparatus of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: The upper end surface of the water supply condensing groove (205) is provided with a water inlet at a position corresponding to the water leakage hole (204); and the periphery of the upper end surface of the water supply condensing groove (205) is provided with a water blocking strip (209).

8. The passive evapo-transpirative solar concentrated seawater distillation apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The driving unit (3) comprises a rotating disc (301) and a rotating shaft (304); The rotating disc (301) is located in the light-induced direct evaporation unit (1) and at the outlet end of the water supply pipe (207); the rotating disc (301) is connected with the light-heat conversion body (104) through the rotating shaft (304); The seawater discharged from the water supply pipe (207) falls on the blades of the rotating disc (301), drives the rotating disc (301) to rotate, and drives the light-heat conversion body (104) to rotate; at the same time, the seawater enters the evaporation water tank (111).

9. The passive evaporative solar concentrated seawater distillation apparatus of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: Two support rods (303) are symmetrically led out from the opposite sides of the end of the water supply pipe (207); the lower end of each support rod (303) is connected with a floating ball (302).

10. The passive evaporative solar concentrated seawater distillation apparatus of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: The light-induced direct evaporation unit (1) and the fresh water condensation unit (2) are arranged laterally in parallel and share a side plate (108); the driving unit (3) is arranged between the light-induced direct evaporation unit (1) and the fresh water condensation unit (2).

11. The passive evaporative solar concentrated seawater distillation apparatus of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: Two light-induced direct evaporation units (1) are symmetrically distributed on the lateral sides of the fresh water condensation unit (2); one driving unit (3) is arranged on each side of the light-induced direct evaporation unit (1).

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