Surface deformation analysis method and system for coal mining

Abstract

The present invention discloses a surface deformation analysis method and system for coal mining, which relates to the field of surface deformation monitoring technology. The method includes: constructing a three-dimensional digital twin model of the target mining area and identifying the coordinates of the target hollowing area; combining terrain feature information, geological feature information, and meteorological monitoring information to perform surface deformation analysis and obtain a set of surface deformation thresholds; performing surface coordinate analysis and fault-tolerant configuration to generate a surface contour constraint area; when the surface monitoring coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area, a surface deformation anomaly signal is generated and sent to the coal mining management end. The present invention solves the technical problem that the deformation threshold of the existing coal mining surface deformation analysis is highly subjective, resulting in poor accuracy and real-time performance of abnormal warnings, and achieves the technical effect of improving the real-time performance and accuracy of surface deformation anomaly warnings through the refined setting of surface deformation thresholds and real-time monitoring of surface data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ground surface deformation monitoring, and in particular to a ground surface deformation analysis method and system for coal mining. Background Art

[0002] After coal mining, the geological layers above the goaf will undergo varying degrees of displacement and deformation due to stress. This not only affects the ecological environment of the mining area but may also damage surrounding buildings and transportation facilities. Therefore, while coal mining meets the needs of economic development, it also needs to consider the issue of surface deformation monitoring.

[0003] Traditional surface deformation analysis in coal mining usually uses empirical data to set deformation thresholds and trigger abnormal deformation warnings through the deformation thresholds. The analysis efficiency is low and subjective, and the accuracy and real-time performance of abnormal deformation warnings are poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a surface deformation analysis method and system for coal mining, which is used to solve the technical problem that the deformation threshold of existing coal mining surface deformation analysis is highly subjective, resulting in poor accuracy and real-time performance of abnormal warning.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a surface deformation analysis method for coal mining, the method comprising: constructing a three-dimensional digital twin model of a target mining area, collecting meteorological monitoring information of a target excavation time zone; identifying the coordinates of a target hollowing area on the three-dimensional digital twin model through a user terminal; combining terrain feature information, geological feature information, and based on the coordinates of the target hollowing area and the meteorological monitoring information, performing surface deformation analysis on the three-dimensional digital twin model to obtain a surface deformation threshold set, wherein the surface deformation threshold represents the surface contour position deformation threshold; Before mining, a first remote sensing image is collected for surface coordinate analysis to obtain reference surface coordinates, wherein the reference surface coordinates correspond one-to-one to the surface deformation threshold set, and the reference surface coordinates represent the initial coordinates of the surface contour position; based on the surface deformation threshold set, the reference surface coordinates are fault-tolerantly configured to generate a surface contour constraint area; when excavation of the target mining area begins, a second remote sensing image is collected for surface coordinate analysis to obtain surface monitoring coordinates; when the surface monitoring coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area, a surface deformation anomaly signal is generated and sent to the coal mine mining management end.

[0006] The second aspect of the present application provides a surface deformation analysis system for coal mining, the system comprising: a digital twin model construction module, the digital twin model construction module is used to construct a three-dimensional digital twin model of the target mining area and collect meteorological monitoring information of the target excavation time zone; a target hollowing area coordinate identification module, the target hollowing area coordinate identification module is used to identify the target hollowing area coordinates of the three-dimensional digital twin model through the user terminal; a surface deformation analysis module, the surface deformation analysis module is used to combine terrain feature information, geological feature information, based on the target hollowing area coordinates and the meteorological monitoring information, perform surface deformation analysis on the three-dimensional digital twin model to obtain a surface deformation threshold set, wherein the surface deformation threshold represents the surface contour position deformation threshold; a reference surface coordinate acquisition module, the reference surface coordinate acquisition module is used to Before mining in the target mining area, a first remote sensing image is collected to perform surface coordinate analysis to obtain reference surface coordinates, wherein the reference surface coordinates correspond one-to-one to the surface deformation threshold set, and the reference surface coordinates represent the initial coordinates of the surface contour position; a surface contour constraint area generation module is provided, wherein the surface contour constraint area generation module is used to perform fault-tolerant configuration of the reference surface coordinates based on the surface deformation threshold set to generate a surface contour constraint area; a surface monitoring coordinate acquisition module is used to collect a second remote sensing image to perform surface coordinate analysis to obtain surface monitoring coordinates when excavation of the target mining area begins; a surface deformation anomaly early warning module is used to generate a surface deformation anomaly signal and send it to the coal mine mining management end when the surface monitoring coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area.

[0007] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0008] The surface deformation analysis method for coal mining provided in the present application relates to the field of surface deformation monitoring technology. By constructing a three-dimensional digital twin model of the target mining area and identifying the coordinates of the target hollowing area, the surface deformation analysis is performed in combination with terrain feature information, geological feature information, and meteorological monitoring information to obtain a set of surface deformation thresholds. Through surface coordinate analysis and fault-tolerant configuration, a surface contour constraint area is generated. When the surface monitoring coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area, a surface deformation anomaly signal is generated and sent to the coal mining management end. This solves the technical problem that the deformation threshold of the existing coal mining surface deformation analysis is highly subjective, resulting in poor accuracy and real-time performance of the anomaly warning. This achieves the technical effect of improving the real-time and accuracy of the surface deformation anomaly warning through the refined setting of the surface deformation threshold and the real-time monitoring of the surface data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a surface deformation analysis method for coal mining provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0011] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process for obtaining a surface deformation threshold set in a surface deformation analysis method for coal mining provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a surface deformation analysis system for coal mining provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0013] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: digital twin model construction module 11, target hollowing area coordinate identification module 12, surface deformation analysis module 13, reference surface coordinate acquisition module 14, surface contour constraint area generation module 15, surface monitoring coordinate acquisition module 16, surface deformation anomaly warning module 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present application provides a surface deformation analysis method for coal mining, which is used to solve the technical problem that the deformation threshold of existing coal mining surface deformation analysis is highly subjective, resulting in poor accuracy and real-time performance of abnormal warning.

[0015] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0016] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0017] Example 1

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a surface deformation analysis method for coal mining, the method comprising:

[0019] P10: Build a three-dimensional digital twin model of the target mining area and collect meteorological monitoring information of the target mining time zone.

[0020] Specifically, field measurement data, such as topographic maps, geological maps, and elevation data, are collected for the target mining area. Remote sensing image data, such as satellite images and drone aerial images, are also acquired to extract topographic and geomorphological information. The collected data is preprocessed, including data cleaning, format conversion, and coordinate unification. Geographic Information System (GIS) software is then used to process and analyze the topographic and geomorphological data and extract key topographic and geomorphological features. Furthermore, based on the processed data, a three-dimensional digital twin model of the target mining area is constructed using three-dimensional modeling software. The three-dimensional digital twin model contains detailed topographic and geomorphological information, geological structure information, groundwater level information, and more.

[0021] Furthermore, meteorological monitoring stations should be established around the target mining area. The location of these stations should take into account the impact of factors such as wind direction and topography on meteorological data. Appropriate meteorological monitoring equipment should be selected, such as automatic weather stations, anemometers, and rain gauges. According to the set data collection frequency and time period, meteorological monitoring information for the target mining zone should be collected, including key indicators such as rainfall, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity. This will provide comprehensive and accurate data support for subsequent surface deformation analysis.

[0022] P20: The user terminal identifies the coordinates of the target hollowed-out area of ​​the three-dimensional digital twin model.

[0023] Optionally, the user first needs to log in to the coal mining management system through a user terminal (such as a computer, tablet or mobile device, etc.). The system will authenticate the user and check the permissions to ensure that the user has the authority to identify the target hollowing area. After the user verification is passed, the system will load the constructed three-dimensional digital twin model onto the user terminal interface. The user can view different parts and details of the model through operations such as zooming, rotating, and panning, and select the target hollowing area on the three-dimensional digital twin model according to the mining plan and actual needs. Once the user selects the target hollowing area, the system will automatically record the coordinate information of the area, that is, the target hollowing area coordinates. These coordinate information usually include longitude, latitude, elevation, etc., which are used for subsequent surface deformation analysis and monitoring.

[0024] P30: In combination with the terrain feature information and geological feature information, based on the coordinates of the target hollowing area and the meteorological monitoring information, the surface deformation analysis of the three-dimensional digital twin model is performed to obtain a set of surface deformation thresholds, wherein the surface deformation threshold represents the deformation threshold of the surface contour position.

[0025] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, step P30 in this embodiment of the application also includes:

[0026] P31: The terrain feature information includes terrain shape features, terrain size features, and terrain distribution features; the geological feature information includes geological structure features; and the meteorological monitoring information includes temperature monitoring information and rainfall monitoring information.

[0027] P32: Extract features of the coordinates of the target hollowed-out area to obtain the maximum longitudinal distribution and the maximum transverse distribution;

[0028] P33: Constructing a hollowed-out area feature space based on the maximum longitudinal distribution value and the maximum transverse distribution value, wherein the hollowed-out area feature space has a center depth feature, and the center depth feature refers to the vertical distance between the center of the hollowed-out area feature space and the ground;

[0029] P34: Perform surface deformation analysis on the three-dimensional digital twin model based on the terrain shape characteristics, the terrain size characteristics, the geological structure characteristics, the terrain distribution characteristics, the temperature monitoring information, the rainfall monitoring information, the hollowed-out area feature space and the center depth characteristics to obtain the surface deformation threshold set, wherein the surface deformation threshold represents the surface contour position deformation threshold.

[0030] It should be understood that the three-dimensional digital twin model is subjected to surface deformation analysis in combination with terrain feature information, geological feature information, target hollowing area coordinates, and meteorological monitoring information to obtain a set of surface deformation thresholds. The terrain feature information includes terrain shape features (such as mountains, plains, basins, etc.), terrain size features (such as length, width, area, etc.), and terrain distribution features (such as slope, slope direction, etc.). The geological feature information includes geological structure features, such as rock layer distribution, faults, folds, etc. The meteorological monitoring information includes temperature monitoring information and rainfall monitoring information.

[0031] Specifically, feature extraction is performed on the coordinates of the target hollowed area, including calculating the maximum longitudinal distribution value (such as the maximum excavation depth) and the maximum transverse distribution value (such as the maximum excavation width). Furthermore, a hollowed area feature space is constructed based on the maximum longitudinal distribution value and the maximum transverse distribution value. The hollowed area feature space describes the shape, size, and position of the hollowed area and has a center depth feature. The center depth feature refers to the vertical distance between the center of the hollowed area feature space and the ground, that is, the maximum excavation depth.

[0032] Furthermore, multiple factors, including topographical characteristics, geological characteristics, meteorological monitoring information, and the spatial and central depth characteristics of the hollowed-out area, are comprehensively considered and input into the analysis model. Leveraging expertise in geological engineering and geotechnical engineering, combined with numerical simulation techniques (such as finite element analysis and discrete element analysis), the 3D digital twin model is used to analyze surface deformation, predicting the degree of deformation of the surface contour under different conditions and setting corresponding deformation thresholds. These thresholds constitute a set of surface deformation thresholds, which can be used for subsequent surface deformation monitoring and early warning.

[0033] Furthermore, step P34 of the embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0034] P34-1: Using the terrain shape characteristics, terrain size characteristics, geological structure characteristics, terrain distribution characteristics, temperature monitoring information, and rainfall monitoring information as static scene constraints, and the hollowed area feature space and center depth characteristics as coal mining constraints, collect coal mining record data, wherein the coal mining record data includes terrain deformation vector record information;

[0035] P34-2: Performing a first-level cluster analysis on the terrain deformation vector record information according to the terrain position to generate a first-level clustering result of the terrain deformation vector record information;

[0036] P34-3: Traverse the first-level clustering results of the terrain deformation vector record information to perform deformation threshold fitting to generate the surface deformation threshold set.

[0037] Optionally, the terrain shape characteristics, the terrain size characteristics, the geological structure characteristics, the terrain distribution characteristics, the temperature monitoring information, and the rainfall monitoring information are used as static scene constraints, that is, the basic natural environment and climate condition constraints of the target mining area. The feature space of the hollowed area and the center depth characteristics are used as coal mining constraints to collect coal mining record data. The coal mining record data includes terrain deformation vector record information, which can reflect the actual deformation of the surface during the coal mining process and is an important basis for analyzing surface deformation. Surface deformation data with similar terrain locations and geological conditions are classified into one category to generate a first-level clustering result of the terrain deformation vector record information, wherein each clustering result represents a category of surface deformation data with similar terrain locations and geological conditions.

[0038] Furthermore, the first-level clustering results of the terrain deformation vector records are traversed. Within each cluster, deformation thresholds are fitted based on the terrain deformation vector records using statistical analysis or machine learning methods to identify general patterns and thresholds of surface deformation under similar geological and climatic conditions. The deformation thresholds within each cluster are then combined to form a surface deformation threshold set. This surface deformation threshold set encompasses various thresholds that surface deformation may reach under different geological and climatic conditions, providing a reference for subsequent coal mine safety management and monitoring and early warning.

[0039] Furthermore, a first-level cluster analysis is performed on the terrain deformation vector record information according to the terrain position.

[0040] Furthermore, step P34-3 of the embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0041] P34-31: Extracting terrain deformation vector record information at a first position based on the first-level clustering result of the terrain deformation vector record information;

[0042] P34-32: Performing a secondary clustering analysis on the terrain deformation vector record information at the first position according to the deformation direction to obtain a secondary clustering result of the terrain deformation vector record information at the first position;

[0043] P34-33: Traverse the secondary clustering results of the terrain deformation vector record information at the first location and perform modulus median analysis to generate several deformation thresholds;

[0044] P34-34: Take the minimum value of the several deformation thresholds, set it as the first position deformation threshold set, and add it to the surface deformation threshold set.

[0045] Specifically, based on the first-level clustering results of the terrain deformation vector record information, a first cluster is determined, namely, the cluster corresponding to the first location. The terrain deformation vector record information corresponding to the first location is then extracted from the first-level clustering results. Furthermore, a second-level clustering analysis is performed on the terrain deformation vector record information at the first location based on the deformation direction of the terrain. Data with similar deformation directions are grouped together to obtain second-level clustering results for the terrain deformation vector record information at the first location. Each clustering result represents a category of data with similar deformation directions.

[0046] Furthermore, the secondary clustering results of the terrain deformation vector records at the first location are traversed, and the data in each cluster is subjected to a median modulus analysis. The median modulus is a statistical concept that represents the middle value of a set of data. For deformation data, the median modulus can reflect the general level of deformation within that cluster. A median modulus calculation is performed on the terrain deformation vector records in each cluster to obtain a deformation modulus median. The median modulus in each cluster is used as a deformation threshold to generate several deformation thresholds. These thresholds represent the general level of surface deformation that can be achieved under different deformation directions. Furthermore, the minimum value among these thresholds is taken as the representative value of the first location deformation threshold set. This minimum value represents the minimum threshold that can be achieved for surface deformation at that location. The first location deformation threshold set is added to the previously generated surface deformation threshold set, which contains various thresholds that can be achieved for surface deformation at different locations and deformation directions, providing an important reference for subsequent coal mine safety management and monitoring and early warning.

[0047] P40: Before mining in the target mining area, collect a first remote sensing image to perform surface coordinate analysis to obtain reference surface coordinates, wherein the reference surface coordinates correspond one-to-one to the surface deformation threshold set, and the reference surface coordinates represent the initial coordinates of the surface contour position.

[0048] It should be understood that before conducting mining activities in the target mining area, it is first necessary to collect the first remote sensing image of the area through remote sensing technology. Remote sensing images can provide large-scale, high-resolution surface information, which is of great significance for subsequent surface coordinate analysis and deformation monitoring. Furthermore, based on the first remote sensing image, surface coordinate analysis is performed, and the remote sensing image is first pre-processed such as denoising and enhancement to improve the image quality and the accuracy of feature extraction. Then, in the pre-processed remote sensing image, surface contour features are extracted, including extraction of surface edges, textures, shapes, etc. The extracted surface contour features are mapped to the geographic coordinate system to obtain the initial coordinates of the surface contour position, that is, the reference surface coordinates. The reference surface coordinates correspond one-to-one to the surface deformation threshold set and can be used as benchmark data for subsequent deformation monitoring.

[0049] P50: Based on the surface deformation threshold set, the reference surface coordinates are configured for fault tolerance to generate a surface contour constraint area.

[0050] Specifically, in order to accurately monitor and manage surface deformation and ensure the safety of mining activities, the reference surface coordinates are fault-tolerantly configured based on the surface deformation threshold set. First, a buffer zone is set around each reference surface coordinate according to the corresponding surface deformation threshold. The size of the buffer zone can be adjusted according to the actual situation to ensure that there is enough time to respond when deformation occurs. In addition, when setting the buffer zone, the direction and speed of the deformation also need to be considered. If the deformation direction is toward an important facility or area, or the deformation speed is fast, a larger buffer zone needs to be set. After fault-tolerant configuration, a surface contour constraint area is generated based on each reference surface coordinate and the buffer zone around it. The surface contour constraint area is a three-dimensional spatial range that includes all surface areas that may be deformed and sets corresponding safety thresholds. It can provide an important basis for surface deformation monitoring and management during coal mining.

[0051] P60: When excavation begins in the target mining area, a second remote sensing image is collected to perform surface coordinate analysis to obtain surface monitoring coordinates.

[0052] Optionally, during the coal mining process, real-time monitoring of surface deformation is a key link in ensuring the safety of mining activities. Once excavation begins in the target mining area, the surface deformation monitoring mechanism needs to be activated. Use remote sensing satellites, drones and other equipment to collect high-resolution remote sensing images of the target mining area, that is, the second remote sensing image. And perform surface coordinate analysis based on the second remote sensing image. Exemplarily, the second remote sensing image is first subjected to denoising, enhancement and other processing to improve the image quality and the accuracy of feature extraction, and then the surface contour features are extracted from the pre-processed remote sensing image, and the extracted surface contour features are mapped to the geographic coordinate system to obtain surface monitoring coordinates. The surface monitoring coordinates can reflect the actual situation of the surface contour position at the current moment, and will be used to compare with the reference surface coordinates to determine whether the surface has deformed.

[0053] P70: When the surface monitoring coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area, a surface deformation anomaly signal is generated and sent to the coal mining management end.

[0054] Furthermore, step P70 of the embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0055] P71: Constructing a surface monitoring profile using the surface monitoring coordinates;

[0056] P72: Obtain the non-intersecting contour length of the surface monitoring contour and the surface contour constraint area;

[0057] P73: When the non-intersecting contour length is equal to 0, it is considered that the surface monitoring coordinates do not deviate from the surface contour constraint area;

[0058] P74: When the length of the non-intersecting contour is not equal to 0, it is regarded that the surface monitoring coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area.

[0059] It should be understood that when the surface monitoring coordinates change, it is necessary to determine whether these coordinates are still within the previously set surface contour constraint area. If the coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area, it means that the surface may have deformed abnormally and appropriate measures need to be taken.

[0060] Specifically, first, based on the collected surface monitoring coordinates, use geographic information technology (such as GIS) or image processing technology to connect these coordinate points into lines to construct the surface monitoring contour at the current moment. Further, calculate the non-intersection contour length between the surface monitoring contour and the surface contour constraint area, that is, the length of the non-overlapping part between the monitoring contour and the constraint area. If the calculated non-intersection contour length is equal to 0, it means that the surface monitoring contour is completely within the surface contour constraint area, that is, there is no abnormal deformation of the surface. At this point, no measures need to be taken and coal mining activities can continue.

[0061] If the length of the non-intersecting contours is not equal to 0, it indicates that the surface monitoring contour partially or completely exceeds the surface contour constraint area, indicating that abnormal surface deformation has occurred. In this case, a surface deformation anomaly signal is generated and sent to the coal mine management terminal. Upon receiving the abnormal signal, the management terminal can immediately take appropriate measures, such as suspending mining and strengthening monitoring, to ensure the safety of mining activities.

[0062] Furthermore, step P72 of the embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0063] P72-1: Constructing a surface monitoring profile using the surface monitoring coordinates;

[0064] P72-2: Obtaining an initial length of a non-intersecting contour between the surface monitoring contour and the surface contour constraint area, wherein the initial length of the non-intersecting contour has a plurality of non-intersecting sub-contour lengths;

[0065] P72-3: Configure a contour length threshold, calculate the sum of the non-intersecting sub-contour lengths greater than or equal to the contour length threshold among the several non-intersecting sub-contour lengths, and set it as the non-intersecting contour length, wherein the contour length threshold represents the non-influence deviation length threshold.

[0066] Optionally, based on the collected surface monitoring coordinates, we use geographic information technology or image processing technology to connect these coordinate points into lines to construct the surface monitoring contour at the current moment. Furthermore, we compare the surface monitoring contour with the surface contour constraint area, find the contour part that is not within the constraint area, that is, the non-intersecting part, and split the non-intersecting part into several discontinuous sub-contours. For each sub-contour, we use an appropriate calculation method (such as Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, etc.) to calculate its length and obtain several non-intersecting sub-contour lengths. The initial length of the non-intersecting contour is composed of several non-intersecting sub-contour lengths.

[0067] Furthermore, a contour length threshold is configured based on actual application requirements. The contour length threshold represents a non-influential deviation length threshold, meaning that non-intersecting sub-contour lengths less than this threshold can be considered to have no significant impact on the overall deformation. Furthermore, sub-contours with lengths greater than or equal to the contour length threshold are filtered out from the non-intersecting sub-contours as valid sub-contours, and the lengths of the filtered valid sub-contours are added together to obtain the final non-intersecting contour length.

[0068] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application further includes step P80, which further includes:

[0069] P81: When the meteorological monitoring information changes, obtain updated meteorological monitoring information;

[0070] P82: In combination with the terrain feature information and the geological feature information, based on the coordinates of the target hollowing area and the updated meteorological monitoring information, perform surface deformation analysis on the three-dimensional digital twin model to obtain an updated surface deformation threshold set;

[0071] P83: Perform surface deformation analysis based on the updated surface deformation threshold set.

[0072] Optionally, during coal mining, changes in meteorological conditions often have a significant impact on surface deformation. Therefore, this embodiment introduces step P80 to update the surface deformation threshold set and perform corresponding surface deformation analysis when meteorological monitoring information changes.

[0073] Specifically, when meteorological monitoring equipment detects a change in meteorological conditions, such as increased rainfall or stronger winds, the system automatically obtains updated meteorological monitoring information. Combined with existing terrain characteristics (such as elevation, slope, and aspect) and geological characteristics (such as rock structure, soil type, and groundwater level), the coordinates of the target excavation area and the updated meteorological monitoring information are input into the analysis model as new variables. Using numerical simulation, physical simulation, or machine learning, the 3D digital twin model is used to analyze surface deformation. By simulating surface deformation under different meteorological conditions, the possible extent and range of surface deformation under these conditions are predicted, resulting in an updated set of surface deformation thresholds.

[0074] Furthermore, surface deformation analysis is performed based on the updated surface deformation threshold set, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of surface deformation monitoring and providing strong support for surface deformation management during coal mining.

[0075] In summary, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects:

[0076] This application constructs a three-dimensional digital twin model of the target mining area and identifies the coordinates of the target excavation area. It combines terrain feature information, geological feature information, and meteorological monitoring information to conduct surface deformation analysis and obtain a set of surface deformation thresholds. Through surface coordinate analysis and fault-tolerant configuration, a surface contour constraint area is generated. When the surface monitoring coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area, a surface deformation anomaly signal is generated and sent to the coal mine mining management end.

[0077] The technical effect of improving the real-time and accuracy of surface deformation anomaly warning is achieved through the refined setting of surface deformation thresholds and real-time monitoring of surface data.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] Based on the same inventive concept as the surface deformation analysis method for coal mining in the above embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the present application provides a surface deformation analysis system for coal mining. The system and method embodiments in the present application are based on the same inventive concept. The system includes:

[0080] A digital twin model construction module 11 is used to construct a three-dimensional digital twin model of the target mining area and collect meteorological monitoring information of the target mining time zone;

[0081] A target hollowing area coordinate identification module 12, wherein the target hollowing area coordinate identification module 12 is used to identify the target hollowing area coordinates of the three-dimensional digital twin model through the user terminal;

[0082] A surface deformation analysis module 13 is configured to combine terrain feature information and geological feature information, perform surface deformation analysis on the three-dimensional digital twin model based on the coordinates of the target hollowing area and the meteorological monitoring information, and obtain a set of surface deformation thresholds, wherein the surface deformation thresholds represent deformation thresholds of surface contour positions;

[0083] A reference surface coordinate acquisition module 14 is configured to acquire a first remote sensing image and perform surface coordinate analysis before mining in the target mining area to obtain reference surface coordinates, wherein the reference surface coordinates correspond to the surface deformation threshold set in a one-to-one manner and represent the initial coordinates of the surface contour position;

[0084] A surface contour constraint region generating module 15 is configured to perform fault-tolerant configuration on the reference surface coordinates based on the surface deformation threshold set to generate a surface contour constraint region;

[0085] a surface monitoring coordinate acquisition module 16, configured to acquire a second remote sensing image for surface coordinate analysis to obtain surface monitoring coordinates when excavation of the target mining area begins;

[0086] The surface deformation abnormality warning module 17 is used to generate a surface deformation abnormality signal and send it to the coal mining management end when the surface monitoring coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area.

[0087] Furthermore, the surface deformation analysis module 13 is further configured to perform the following steps:

[0088] The terrain feature information includes terrain shape features, terrain size features, and terrain distribution features; the geological feature information includes geological structure features; and the meteorological monitoring information includes temperature monitoring information and rainfall monitoring information.

[0089] Extracting features of the target hollowed-out area coordinates to obtain a maximum longitudinal distribution value and a maximum transverse distribution value;

[0090] Constructing a hollowed-out area feature space according to the longitudinal distribution maximum value and the transverse distribution maximum value, wherein the hollowed-out area feature space has a center depth feature, and the center depth feature refers to the vertical distance between the center of the hollowed-out area feature space and the ground;

[0091] The three-dimensional digital twin model is subjected to surface deformation analysis based on the terrain shape characteristics, the terrain size characteristics, the geological structure characteristics, the terrain distribution characteristics, the temperature monitoring information, the rainfall monitoring information, the hollowed-out area feature space, and the center depth characteristics to obtain the surface deformation threshold set, wherein the surface deformation threshold represents the surface contour position deformation threshold.

[0092] Furthermore, the surface deformation analysis module 13 is further configured to perform the following steps:

[0093] Using the terrain shape characteristics, the terrain size characteristics, the geological structure characteristics, the terrain distribution characteristics, the temperature monitoring information, and the rainfall monitoring information as static scene constraints, and using the hollowed area feature space and the center depth characteristics as coal mining constraints, coal mining record data is collected, wherein the coal mining record data includes terrain deformation vector record information;

[0094] Performing a first-level cluster analysis on the terrain deformation vector record information according to the terrain position to generate a first-level clustering result of the terrain deformation vector record information;

[0095] The first-level clustering result of the terrain deformation vector record information is traversed to perform deformation threshold fitting to generate the surface deformation threshold set.

[0096] Furthermore, the surface deformation analysis module 13 is further configured to perform the following steps:

[0097] Extracting terrain deformation vector record information at a first position according to a first-level clustering result of the terrain deformation vector record information;

[0098] Performing a secondary clustering analysis on the terrain deformation vector record information at the first position according to the deformation direction to obtain a secondary clustering result of the terrain deformation vector record information at the first position;

[0099] Traversing the secondary clustering results of the terrain deformation vector record information at the first position, performing modulus median analysis, and generating a plurality of deformation thresholds;

[0100] The minimum value of the plurality of deformation thresholds is taken as the first position deformation threshold set, and is added to the surface deformation threshold set.

[0101] Furthermore, the surface deformation abnormality warning module 17 is further configured to perform the following steps:

[0102] constructing a surface monitoring profile using the surface monitoring coordinates;

[0103] Obtaining the non-intersecting contour length of the surface monitoring contour and the surface contour constraint area;

[0104] When the non-intersecting contour length is equal to 0, it is considered that the surface monitoring coordinates do not deviate from the surface contour constraint area;

[0105] When the length of the non-intersecting contour is not equal to 0, it is considered that the surface monitoring coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area.

[0106] Furthermore, the surface deformation abnormality warning module 17 is further configured to perform the following steps:

[0107] constructing a surface monitoring profile using the surface monitoring coordinates;

[0108] Obtaining an initial length of a non-intersecting contour of the surface monitoring contour and the surface contour constraint area, wherein the initial length of the non-intersecting contour has a plurality of non-intersecting sub-contour lengths;

[0109] A contour length threshold is configured, and the sum of the non-intersecting sub-contour lengths greater than or equal to the contour length threshold among the plurality of non-intersecting sub-contour lengths is calculated and set as the non-intersecting contour length, wherein the contour length threshold represents a non-influence deviation length threshold.

[0110] Furthermore, the system further comprises:

[0111] An updated meteorological monitoring information acquisition module, wherein the updated meteorological monitoring information acquisition module is used to obtain updated meteorological monitoring information when the meteorological monitoring information changes;

[0112] An updated surface deformation threshold acquisition module is configured to combine terrain feature information and geological feature information, perform surface deformation analysis on the three-dimensional digital twin model based on the coordinates of the target hollowing area and the updated meteorological monitoring information, and obtain an updated surface deformation threshold set;

[0113] An updated surface deformation analysis module is configured to perform surface deformation analysis based on the updated surface deformation threshold set.

[0114] It should be noted that the order in which the embodiments of the present application are presented is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of this specification are provided. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential sequence shown to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0115] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

[0116] This specification and drawings are merely illustrative of the present application and are intended to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. Thus, this application is intended to include such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of this application and its equivalents.

Claims

1. A surface deformation analysis method for coal mining, characterized in that: include: Build a 3D digital twin model of the target mining area and collect meteorological monitoring information for the target mining time zone; Identifying the coordinates of the target hollowed-out area on the three-dimensional digital twin model through the user terminal; In combination with the terrain feature information and the geological feature information, based on the coordinates of the target hollowing area and the meteorological monitoring information, the surface deformation analysis of the three-dimensional digital twin model is performed to obtain a set of surface deformation thresholds, wherein the surface deformation threshold represents the deformation threshold of the surface contour position; Before mining in the target mining area, collecting a first remote sensing image to perform surface coordinate analysis to obtain reference surface coordinates, wherein the reference surface coordinates correspond to the surface deformation threshold set in a one-to-one manner, and the reference surface coordinates represent initial coordinates of the surface contour position; Based on the surface deformation threshold set, the reference surface coordinates are configured for fault tolerance to generate a surface contour constraint area; When excavation of the target mining area begins, collecting a second remote sensing image to perform surface coordinate analysis to obtain surface monitoring coordinates; When the surface monitoring coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area, a surface deformation abnormality signal is generated and sent to the coal mining management terminal; Wherein, when the surface monitoring coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area, it includes: constructing a surface monitoring profile using the surface monitoring coordinates; Obtaining the non-intersecting contour length of the surface monitoring contour and the surface contour constraint area; When the non-intersecting contour length is equal to 0, it is considered that the surface monitoring coordinates do not deviate from the surface contour constraint area; When the length of the non-intersecting contour is not equal to 0, it is considered that the surface monitoring coordinate deviates from the surface contour constraint area; Wherein, obtaining the non-intersecting contour length of the surface monitoring contour and the surface contour constraint area includes: constructing a surface monitoring profile using the surface monitoring coordinates; Obtaining an initial length of a non-intersecting contour of the surface monitoring contour and the surface contour constraint area, wherein the initial length of the non-intersecting contour has a plurality of non-intersecting sub-contour lengths; A contour length threshold is configured, and the sum of the non-intersecting sub-contour lengths greater than or equal to the contour length threshold among the plurality of non-intersecting sub-contour lengths is calculated and set as the non-intersecting contour length, wherein the contour length threshold represents a non-influence deviation length threshold.

2. The surface deformation analysis method for coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: Combined with the terrain feature information and geological feature information, based on the coordinates of the target hollowing area and the meteorological monitoring information, the surface deformation analysis of the three-dimensional digital twin model is performed to obtain a set of surface deformation thresholds, wherein the surface deformation threshold represents the deformation threshold of the surface contour position, including: The terrain feature information includes terrain shape features, terrain size features, and terrain distribution features; the geological feature information includes geological structure features; and the meteorological monitoring information includes temperature monitoring information and rainfall monitoring information. Extracting features of the target hollowed-out area coordinates to obtain a maximum longitudinal distribution value and a maximum transverse distribution value; Constructing a hollowed-out area feature space according to the longitudinal distribution maximum value and the transverse distribution maximum value, wherein the hollowed-out area feature space has a center depth feature, and the center depth feature refers to the vertical distance between the center of the hollowed-out area feature space and the ground; The three-dimensional digital twin model is subjected to surface deformation analysis based on the terrain shape characteristics, the terrain size characteristics, the geological structure characteristics, the terrain distribution characteristics, the temperature monitoring information, the rainfall monitoring information, the hollowed-out area feature space, and the center depth characteristics to obtain the surface deformation threshold set, wherein the surface deformation threshold represents the surface contour position deformation threshold.

3. The surface deformation analysis method for coal mining according to claim 2, characterized in that: Performing surface deformation analysis on the three-dimensional digital twin model according to the terrain shape characteristics, the terrain size characteristics, the geological structure characteristics, the terrain distribution characteristics, the temperature monitoring information, the rainfall monitoring information, the hollowed-out area feature space, and the center depth characteristics to obtain the surface deformation threshold set includes: Using the terrain shape characteristics, the terrain size characteristics, the geological structure characteristics, the terrain distribution characteristics, the temperature monitoring information, and the rainfall monitoring information as static scene constraints, and using the hollowed area feature space and the center depth characteristics as coal mining constraints, coal mining record data is collected, wherein the coal mining record data includes terrain deformation vector record information; Performing a first-level cluster analysis on the terrain deformation vector record information according to the terrain position to generate a first-level clustering result of the terrain deformation vector record information; The first-level clustering result of the terrain deformation vector record information is traversed to perform deformation threshold fitting to generate the surface deformation threshold set.

4. The surface deformation analysis method for coal mining according to claim 3, characterized in that: Traversing the first-level clustering results of the terrain deformation vector record information to perform deformation threshold fitting to generate the surface deformation threshold set, including: Extracting terrain deformation vector record information at a first position according to a first-level clustering result of the terrain deformation vector record information; Performing a secondary clustering analysis on the terrain deformation vector record information at the first position according to the deformation direction to obtain a secondary clustering result of the terrain deformation vector record information at the first position; Traversing the secondary clustering results of the terrain deformation vector record information at the first position, performing modulus median analysis, and generating a plurality of deformation thresholds; The minimum value of the plurality of deformation thresholds is taken as the first position deformation threshold set, and is added to the surface deformation threshold set.

5. The surface deformation analysis method for coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: When the meteorological monitoring information changes, obtaining updated meteorological monitoring information; In combination with the terrain feature information and the geological feature information, based on the coordinates of the target hollowing area and the updated meteorological monitoring information, the three-dimensional digital twin model is subjected to surface deformation analysis to obtain an updated surface deformation threshold set; Surface deformation analysis is performed according to the updated surface deformation threshold set.

6. A surface deformation analysis system for coal mining, characterized in that: A system for executing the surface deformation analysis method for coal mining according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: A digital twin model construction module is used to construct a three-dimensional digital twin model of the target mining area and collect meteorological monitoring information for the target mining time zone; A target hollowing area coordinate identification module, wherein the target hollowing area coordinate identification module is used to identify the target hollowing area coordinates of the three-dimensional digital twin model through the user terminal; a surface deformation analysis module, configured to combine terrain feature information and geological feature information, perform surface deformation analysis on the three-dimensional digital twin model based on the coordinates of the target hollowing area and the meteorological monitoring information, and obtain a set of surface deformation thresholds, wherein the surface deformation thresholds represent deformation thresholds of surface contour positions; a reference surface coordinate acquisition module, the reference surface coordinate acquisition module being configured to acquire a first remote sensing image before mining in the target mining area, perform surface coordinate analysis, and obtain reference surface coordinates, wherein the reference surface coordinates correspond one-to-one with the surface deformation threshold set, and the reference surface coordinates represent initial coordinates of the surface contour position; a surface contour constraint region generating module, the surface contour constraint region generating module being configured to perform fault-tolerant configuration on the reference surface coordinates based on the surface deformation threshold set to generate a surface contour constraint region; a surface monitoring coordinate acquisition module, configured to acquire a second remote sensing image for surface coordinate analysis to obtain surface monitoring coordinates when excavation of the target mining area begins; The surface deformation abnormality warning module is used to generate a surface deformation abnormality signal and send it to the coal mining management end when the surface monitoring coordinates deviate from the surface contour constraint area.

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