Salvia miltiorrhiza ecological cultivation method with high water and fertilizer utilization rate

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine cultivation, and discloses a salvia miltiorrhiza ecological cultivation method with high water and fertilizer utilization rate, which comprises the following steps: applying a compound formula base fertilizer to the land to be planted, applying calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, potassium humate, compound bacteria and farm organic fertilizer to the land to be planted, and then carrying out harrowing operation to obtain the land in a state ready for sowing; performing ridging and film mulching sowing on the land in the state ready for sowing, planting salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings or root segments on the ridges in a double-row planting mode, and laying drip irrigation belts in the middle of the rows; performing drip irrigation at least three times during the growth of salvia miltiorrhiza; and simultaneously, applying potassium phosphite and organic water-soluble fertilizer to salvia miltiorrhiza in a leaf surface spraying mode during the growth of salvia miltiorrhiza. The salvia miltiorrhiza ecological cultivation method with high water and fertilizer utilization rate effectively improves the yield and quality of salvia miltiorrhiza, plays a positive role in protecting the agricultural ecological environment, and exhibits unique environmental protection value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Chinese medicinal herb cultivation technology, and more specifically, to a method for ecological cultivation of Salvia miltiorrhiza with high water and fertilizer utilization. Background Technology

[0002] Salvia miltiorrhiza, a perennial herb belonging to the genus Salvia in the Lamiaceae family, is shade-loving and cold-resistant, with wide adaptability, making it found in most parts of my country. Its dried roots and rhizomes hold an important place in traditional Chinese medicine, possessing multiple effects such as removing blood stasis and relieving pain, promoting blood circulation and regulating menstruation, and clearing the mind and relieving irritability. Furthermore, Salvia miltiorrhiza exhibits pharmacological activities including anti-tumor, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, tissue repair and regeneration regulation, anti-lipid peroxidation, and free radical scavenging, demonstrating its unique medicinal value.

[0003] With the improvement of living standards in modern society, diseases such as hypertension and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are becoming increasingly common. As a major drug for the prevention and treatment of these diseases, the market demand for Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) is growing. However, continuous harvesting of wild Danshen has led to a sharp decline in production, making it difficult to meet market demand. Therefore, the artificial cultivation of Danshen has developed rapidly.

[0004] Water and fertilizer management is crucial in the cultivation of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Although Salvia miltiorrhiza has a high requirement for soil moisture, overwatering can negatively impact its growth and quality. Currently, the amount of water and fertilizer used in Salvia miltiorrhiza cultivation is large, but the utilization rate is low. This not only leads to resource waste and environmental degradation, but excessive application of chemical fertilizers may also cause a decline in the quality and yield of Salvia miltiorrhiza.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method for cultivating Salvia miltiorrhiza that can effectively save water and fertilizer. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention proposes an ecological cultivation method for Salvia miltiorrhiza with high water and fertilizer utilization rate, which aims to improve the ecological cultivation technology of water and fertilizer utilization rate, so as to improve the yield and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza products and protect the agricultural ecological environment.

[0007] This invention proposes a method for ecological cultivation of Salvia miltiorrhiza with high water and fertilizer utilization rate, comprising:

[0008] After applying compound base fertilizer to the land to be planted, apply calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, potassium humate, compound bacteria and farmyard organic fertilizer to the land to be planted, and then harrow the land to obtain the land in the state ready for planting.

[0009] Sow seeds on raised beds with mulch covering in the land that is ready for sowing, and plant Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings or root segments on the raised beds using a double-row planting method.

[0010] Drip irrigation should be carried out at least 3 times during the growth period of Salvia miltiorrhiza;

[0011] Meanwhile, during the growth period of Salvia miltiorrhiza, potassium phosphate and organic water-soluble fertilizers are applied by foliar spraying.

[0012] Preferably, the composition of the compound fertilizer includes:

[0013] 5% potassium polyphosphate, 30% coated slow-release urea, 22% monoammonium phosphate, 15% potassium magnesium sulfate, 1% zinc sulfate, 0.8% boric acid and 5% ferrous sulfate, with the remainder being well-rotted organic fertilizer.

[0014] Preferably, the compound bacteria are enzyme-producing bacteria, Bacillus megaterium, and Bacillus licheniformis in a ratio of 1:1:1.

[0015] Preferably, the row spacing for planting Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings or root segments is at least 40cm, and the plant spacing is 25-30cm.

[0016] Preferably, the film used for ridging, mulching, and sowing is black plastic film.

[0017] Preferably, the Salvia miltiorrhiza is Lu Danshen No. 1, Shan Nong Dan No. 1, or Lu Danshen No. 3.

[0018] Preferably, when drip irrigation is performed at least 3 times during the growth period of Salvia miltiorrhiza, it includes:

[0019] The water consumption per mu per single application is 10-13 cubic meters;

[0020] Apply high-nitrogen compound fertilizer during the first and second drip irrigations; apply low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer during the third or subsequent drip irrigations.

[0021] Preferably, during the growth period of Salvia miltiorrhiza, when applying potassium phosphate and organic water-soluble fertilizer by foliar spraying, the following methods are used:

[0022] During the growing season of Salvia miltiorrhiza, potassium phosphate and organic water-soluble fertilizer are applied by foliar spraying in early May and August.

[0023] Preferably, the application ratio of potassium phosphite and organic water-soluble fertilizer is 1:1.

[0024] Preferably, when applying potassium phosphite and organic water-soluble fertilizer by foliar spraying, the application rate per acre per application is 100g of potassium phosphite and organic water-soluble fertilizer mixed with 30kg of water.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. Improve water and fertilizer utilization: This invention achieves precise water and fertilizer delivery through refined water and fertilizer management, using a combination of compound base fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, potassium humate, compound bacteria and farmyard organic fertilizer, as well as drip irrigation and foliar fertilization. By covering with black film, weed production and water evaporation are reduced, thereby greatly improving the utilization rate of water and fertilizer, reducing resource waste and lowering production costs.

[0027] 2. Improved Quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza: This invention, through scientific cultivation and management, effectively promotes the growth and development of Salvia miltiorrhiza, increasing its yield and quality. In particular, the application of potassium phosphate and organic water-soluble fertilizers not only enhances the stress resistance and pest and disease resistance of Salvia miltiorrhiza but also improves its medicinal quality, making it more suitable for market demands.

[0028] 3. Protecting the ecological environment: This invention employs ecological cultivation techniques, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, thus minimizing environmental pollution and damage. Simultaneously, the application of organic farmyard manure and compound microbial fertilizers increases soil organic matter content, improves soil structure, and enhances soil fertility, providing a favorable ecological environment for the growth of *Salvia miltiorrhiza*.

[0029] 4. High Applicability: The Salvia miltiorrhiza ecological cultivation method described in this invention is simple to operate and easy to promote. By optimizing water and fertilizer management, ridging and mulching for sowing, and foliar fertilization, the yield and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza can be significantly improved to meet market demand. Furthermore, this method is applicable to Salvia miltiorrhiza cultivation in different regions, demonstrating strong adaptability and promotional value.

[0030] In summary, the Salvia miltiorrhiza ecological cultivation method with high water and fertilizer utilization rate described in this invention has significant advantages and effects. It not only improves the yield and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza but also protects the agricultural ecological environment, and has broad application prospects and promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is the inspection and testing report for the *Salvia miltiorrhiza* obtained from cultivation in Example 1 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] This invention provides a method for ecological cultivation of Salvia miltiorrhiza with high water and fertilizer utilization rate, specifically:

[0035] First, ensure a reasonable fertilizer ratio. Given that *Salvia miltiorrhiza* prefers potassium and organic fertilizers, it is necessary to apply organic fertilizers and potassium polyphosphate to ensure the optimal ratio of nutrients and application rates required for *Salvia miltiorrhiza* production. This maximizes the effectiveness of various fertilizers at different growth stages while reducing fertilizer waste. The specific formula is as follows: Before land preparation, apply 60-80 kg of compound base fertilizer per acre, containing 5% potassium polyphosphate, 30% coated slow-release urea, 22% monoammonium phosphate, 15% potassium magnesium sulfate, 1% zinc sulfate, 0.8% boric acid, and 5% ferrous sulfate, with the remaining 21.2% being well-rotted organic fertilizer.

[0036] Secondly, meticulous land preparation is essential. Each acre should be covered with 50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5% amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, 2 kg of potassium humate, and 1 kg of compound bacteria (with enzyme-producing bacteria, Bacillus megaterium, and Bacillus licheniformis in a 1:1:1 ratio), along with 4000 kg of high-quality, well-rotted farmyard manure to enrich the soil's organic matter content and effectively degrade residual pesticides and harmful substances. Deep plowing to a depth of 20-25 cm, followed by two thorough harrowing operations, ensures the soil is level, fine, and ready for sowing.

[0037] Secondly, choose suitable varieties. When planting Salvia miltiorrhiza, it is recommended to choose varieties such as Lu Danshen No. 1, Shan Nong Dan No. 1, and Lu Danshen No. 3. These varieties have the characteristics of compact plant type, cold resistance, drought resistance, strong disease resistance, high yield potential, and thick, uniform, and straight root system, resulting in excellent quality.

[0038] Next, implement drip irrigation with mulch. This measure aims to reduce water and fertilizer usage and improve water and fertilizer utilization efficiency through "water-based fertilizer adjustment". The specific operation is as follows: use machinery to create raised beds with mulch, forming one raised bed every 100cm, with a bed height of 15-20cm, a bed bottom width of 80cm, and a furrow width of 20cm. Plant Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings or root segments on the raised beds using a double-row planting method with a row spacing of 40cm and a drip irrigation pipe laid in the middle. The plant spacing is set at 25-30cm, ensuring a seedling density of 8,000 to 10,000 plants per acre. To reduce weed growth, the use of black mulch film is recommended. Depending on the water requirements of Salvia miltiorrhiza and soil moisture, perform drip irrigation 3-4 times during the growing season, controlling the water consumption at 10-13 cubic meters per acre, and applying 6-8 kg of fertilizer in conjunction with irrigation. The first two irrigations were combined with the application of 5 kg of high-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer per mu (Caozhou brand drip irrigation master macro-element water-soluble fertilizer 30-8-16 produced by Heze Development Zone Caozhou Agricultural Chemical Co., Ltd.) to promote seedling growth; the latter two irrigations were combined with the application of about 6 kg of low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer containing potassium polyphosphate and potassium sulfate (Caozhou brand drip irrigation master macro-element water-soluble fertilizer 10-30-20 produced by Heze Development Zone Caozhou Agricultural Chemical Co., Ltd.) to promote the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza roots.

[0039] Finally, foliar fertilization is applied. In early May and August, a 1:1 mixture of potassium phosphate and organic water-soluble fertilizer is applied via foliar spraying. The application rate is 100g per acre each time. This measure aims to provide organic nutrients to the salvia miltiorrhiza, effectively inhibit the occurrence of diseases, and promote root growth.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] To verify the effectiveness and practicality of the Salvia miltiorrhiza ecological cultivation method with high water and fertilizer utilization rate of the present invention, we conducted a case study in a Salvia miltiorrhiza experimental field in Heze City, Shandong Province.

[0042] The experimental field in Example 1 covered an area of ​​10 mu (approximately 1.65 acres) and was operated according to the cultivation method provided by this invention. First, according to the requirements of reasonable fertilizer ratio, we applied 70 kg of compound base fertilizer per mu to the experimental field, which included 5% potassium polyphosphate, 30% coated slow-release urea, 22% monoammonium phosphate, 15% potassium magnesium sulfate, 1% zinc sulfate, 0.8% boric acid, and 5% ferrous sulfate, with the remainder being well-rotted organic fertilizer.

[0043] Next, we meticulously prepared the experimental field. Each acre was covered with 50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5% amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, 2 kg of potassium humate, and 1 kg of compound bacteria (with enzyme-producing bacteria, Bacillus megaterium, and Bacillus licheniformis in a 1:1:1 ratio), along with 4000 kg of high-quality, well-rotted farmyard manure. The land was deeply plowed to a depth of 20 cm and then harrowed twice to ensure the soil was level and fine.

[0044] When selecting the Salvia miltiorrhiza variety, we chose Lu Danshen No. 1, which has excellent growth characteristics and high yield potential. For sowing, we adopted a drip irrigation system with mulching, creating raised beds every 100cm, with a bed height of 15cm, a bed bottom width of 80cm, and a furrow width of 20cm. Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings were planted on the raised beds in a double-row planting method, with a row spacing of 40cm and a plant spacing of 25cm, ensuring a seedling density of 9,000 plants per acre.

[0045] During the growth period of Salvia miltiorrhiza, we carried out drip irrigation three times according to the water requirements of Salvia miltiorrhiza and the soil moisture, with the water consumption controlled at 13 cubic meters per mu. The first two irrigations were combined with the application of 5 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer per mu, and the last irrigation was done with about 6 kg of low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer containing potassium polyphosphate and potassium sulfate.

[0046] Finally, in early May and August, we applied foliar fertilizer to the Salvia miltiorrhiza by spraying it with 100g of potassium phosphate and organic water-soluble fertilizer diluted in 30kg of water per acre each time.

[0047] After one growth cycle of the experiment, the yield of *Salvia miltiorrhiza* in the experimental field of Example 1 was significantly increased, and the quality was excellent. Compared with traditional cultivation methods, the ecological cultivation method of this invention not only improves water and fertilizer utilization and reduces resource waste, but also significantly improves the yield and quality of *Salvia miltiorrhiza*. This result fully demonstrates the effectiveness and practicality of the *Salvia miltiorrhiza* ecological cultivation method with high water and fertilizer utilization of this invention. The inspection and testing report of the *Salvia miltiorrhiza* obtained from the cultivation is as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] Concurrently with Example 1, this comparative example was cultivated using conventional methods in a Salvia miltiorrhiza experimental field in Heze City, Shandong Province (same as Example 1) to compare the results with those of Example 1. The experimental field area of ​​Comparative Example 1 was 10 mu (approximately 1.65 acres), and Heze City, Shandong Province was also selected as the experimental location to eliminate the influence of external factors such as geography and climate on the experimental results.

[0050] First, we fertilized according to conventional methods for cultivating Salvia miltiorrhiza. We applied commercially available general-purpose compound fertilizer per acre without proper fertilizer formulation. Second, regarding land preparation, although we did deep plow and harrow, we did not add any fertilizer-enhancing and harm-reducing materials such as calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, potassium humate, or compound bacteria.

[0051] For the selection of Salvia miltiorrhiza varieties, Comparative Example 1 used the same commonly used local varieties. Traditional sowing methods were employed, without ridge-making with mulching or drip irrigation; instead, manual watering was used. Given the lack of mulching, the soil's moisture retention capacity was significantly insufficient. Considering both soil moisture and weather conditions, five large-scale irrigations were implemented during the Salvia miltiorrhiza's growth cycle to ensure normal crop growth. The water volume for each irrigation was precisely controlled at 55 cubic meters per acre. Furthermore, no foliar fertilization was applied during the Salvia miltiorrhiza's growth period.

[0052] The field emergence of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was investigated. The results showed that the emergence time of Example 1 was 2 days earlier than that of Comparative Example 1. At the same time, the emergence rate reached 83.7% under drip irrigation, with Example 1 showing a 10.7% increase in emergence rate compared to Comparative Example 1.

[0053] For Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, we used a soil nutrient analyzer to measure the nutrient content. The comparison showed that, compared to Comparative Example 1, Example 1 showed a 13.25% increase in nitrogen fertilizer utilization, a 15.29% increase in phosphorus fertilizer utilization, and an 11.45% increase in potassium fertilizer utilization.

[0054] In the yield determination of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, we found that Example 1 yielded 12.15% more than Comparative Example 1. Meanwhile, Example 1 showed better performance in the control of pests, diseases, and weeds, reducing pesticide use by more than 18%, and the quality of the tanshinone was excellent. Testing revealed that Example 1 contained 0.61% total tanshinone IIA, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone I, and 6.5% salvianolic acid B, exceeding the national pharmacopoeia standard which stipulates that the total amount of tanshinone IIA, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone I should not be less than 0.25%, and the salvianolic acid B content should not be less than 3.0%.

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] The experimental design of Comparative Example 2 was mainly to investigate the influence of various factors on the yield and quality of *Salvia miltiorrhiza* in the high water and fertilizer utilization rate ecological cultivation method of this invention. Concurrent with Example 1, a 70-mu experimental field was selected in Heze City, Shandong Province (same as Example 1), and divided into 7 groups. This comparative example investigated the effects of fertilizer ratio, land preparation, *Salvia miltiorrhiza* variety selection (one group each of Shannongdan No. 1 and Ludanshen No. 3), sowing method, irrigation method, and foliar fertilization on the growth of *Salvia miltiorrhiza*.

[0057] Comparative Example 2.1: Comparison of Fertilizer Ratios

[0058] Compared to Example 1, Comparative Example 2.1 only changed the fertilizer ratio. This comparative example applied a commercially available general-purpose compound fertilizer per acre without proper fertilizer ratio control to observe the effect of fertilizer ratio on the growth of *Salvia miltiorrhiza*. Land preparation, *Salvia miltiorrhiza* variety selection, sowing method, irrigation method, and foliar fertilization were all carried out according to the methods of Example 1.

[0059] After one growth cycle, the yield and quality of *Salvia miltiorrhiza* in Comparative Example 2.1 were both lower than those in Example 1. Specifically, the emergence rate of Comparative Example 2.1 was 78.5%, a decrease of 5.2% compared to 83.7% in Example 1. Simultaneously, soil nutrient analysis showed a 10.5% decrease in nitrogen fertilizer utilization, a 12.1% decrease in phosphorus fertilizer utilization, and a 9.3% decrease in potassium fertilizer utilization. In terms of yield, Comparative Example 2.1 experienced an 8.9% reduction compared to Example 1. These results indicate that a proper fertilizer ratio has a significant impact on the growth, nutrient absorption, and yield of *Salvia miltiorrhiza*.

[0060] Comparative Example 2.2: Land Consolidation Comparison

[0061] This comparative example differed in its land preparation; no fertilizer-enhancing and harm-reducing amendments such as calcium magnesium phosphate, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, potassium humate, and compound bacteria were added. All other operations were performed according to Example 1. The experiment revealed that the growth of *Salvia miltiorrhiza* in Comparative Example 2.2 was worse than in Example 1, with significantly reduced soil fertility and moisture retention. The emergence rate decreased to 79.2%, and the utilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers decreased by 9.8%, 11.3%, and 8.7%, respectively, resulting in a 7.6% reduction in yield. These results demonstrate that the amendments added during land preparation play a crucial role in improving soil fertility and *Salvia miltiorrhiza* growth.

[0062] Comparative Example 2.3: Comparison of Salvia miltiorrhiza Variety Selection

[0063] This comparative example used a different Salvia miltiorrhiza variety than that in Example 1, while all other operations were the same as in Example 1. The results showed that although different varieties of Salvia miltiorrhiza differed in their growth characteristics, the Lu Danshen No. 1 variety selected in Example 1 performed better in both yield and quality. The yield of Salvia miltiorrhiza in Comparative Example 2.3 was 6.3% lower than that in Example 1, and the quality also declined. This result verifies the importance of Salvia miltiorrhiza variety selection for yield and quality.

[0064] Comparative Example 2.4: Comparison of Sowing Methods

[0065] This comparative example used traditional sowing methods, without ridging, mulching, or drip irrigation. All other operations were the same as in Example 1. The results showed that the sowing method significantly affected the growth of *Salvia miltiorrhiza*. The emergence rate of *Salvia miltiorrhiza* in Comparative Example 2.4 was only 76.3%, a decrease of 7.4% compared to Example 1; simultaneously, the yield also decreased by 5.8%. This result indicates that ridging, mulching, and drip irrigation techniques play an important role in improving the yield and quality of *Salvia miltiorrhiza*.

[0066] Comparative Example 2.5: Comparison of Irrigation Methods

[0067] This comparative example used flood irrigation, with all other operations identical to Example 1. The results showed that flood irrigation made it difficult to control soil moisture and resulted in significant water waste. In Comparative Example 2.5, the emergence rate of *Salvia miltiorrhiza* seedlings decreased to 75.6%, and the utilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers decreased by 7.6%, 9.2%, and 6.8%, respectively, leading to a 4.5% reduction in yield. These results demonstrate that drip irrigation technology has significant advantages in improving water and fertilizer utilization and increasing *Salvia miltiorrhiza* yield.

[0068] Comparative Example 2.6: Comparison of Foliar Fertilization

[0069] In this comparative example, no foliar fertilization was performed on the *Salvia miltiorrhiza* during its growth period; all other operations were the same as in Example 1. The results showed that the *Salvia miltiorrhiza* without foliar fertilization experienced insufficient nutrient supply in the later stages of growth, leading to leaf yellowing and wilting. The yield of *Salvia miltiorrhiza* in Comparative Example 2.6 was 3.2% lower than that in Example 1, and the quality also declined. These results demonstrate that foliar fertilization is crucial for ensuring nutrient supply and increasing yield in the later stages of *Salvia miltiorrhiza* growth.

[0070] In particular, the utilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were all lower than in Example 1, which directly affected the growth and yield of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Furthermore, the unreasonable fertilizer ratios led to an imbalance in soil nutrients, further impacting the quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza.

[0071] Based on the analysis of the above single-factor missing data comparative experiments, we can draw the following conclusions:

[0072] In the ecological cultivation of Salvia miltiorrhiza, factors such as fertilizer ratio, land preparation, selection of Salvia miltiorrhiza varieties, sowing method, irrigation method, and foliar fertilization all have a significant impact on the growth, nutrient absorption, yield, and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza.

[0073] First, proper fertilizer ratio is fundamental to the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza. By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 2.1, we can see that a proper fertilizer ratio can significantly improve the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, thereby promoting the growth and yield of Salvia miltiorrhiza.

[0074] Secondly, soil amendments used in land preparation play a crucial role in enhancing soil fertility and promoting the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza. The results of Comparative Example 2.2 show that land preparation without amendments leads to reduced soil fertility and moisture retention, thus affecting the growth and yield of Salvia miltiorrhiza.

[0075] The selection of Salvia miltiorrhiza varieties is also a key factor affecting yield and quality. The Lu Danshen No. 1 variety selected in Example 1 showed superior yield and quality, demonstrating the importance of variety selection. However, all three Salvia miltiorrhiza varieties were superior to traditional varieties, indicating that the optimization of Salvia miltiorrhiza cultivation varieties under the guidance of modern agricultural technology has achieved significant results.

[0076] Sowing and irrigation methods also have a significant impact on the growth and yield of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Ridge-mulching sowing and drip irrigation techniques can effectively improve the emergence rate and yield, while traditional sowing and flood irrigation methods will lead to a decrease in the emergence rate and yield.

[0077] Finally, foliar fertilization is of great significance for ensuring nutrient supply and increasing yield in the later stages of Salvia miltiorrhiza growth. The results of Comparative Example 2.6 showed that Salvia miltiorrhiza without foliar fertilization experienced insufficient nutrient supply in the later stages of growth, leading to a decline in yield and quality.

[0078] In conclusion, by employing appropriate fertilizer ratios, land preparation, selection of Salvia miltiorrhiza varieties, sowing methods, irrigation methods, and foliar fertilization, the yield and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza can be significantly improved. This conclusion has important guiding significance for the ecological cultivation of Salvia miltiorrhiza and contributes to the sustainable development of the Salvia miltiorrhiza industry.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high water and fertilizer utilization rate of Salvia miltiorrhiza ecological cultivation method, characterized in that, Comprise: After applying the compound formula base fertilizer to the land to be planted, calcium magnesium phosphate, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, potassium humate, compound bacteria and farm organic fertilizer are applied to the land to be planted, and harrowing operation is performed to obtain the land in the state of being ready to be planted; Ridging and film mulching are performed on the land in the state of being ready to be planted, and Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings or root segments are planted on the ridges in a double-row planting mode, and drip irrigation belts are laid under the film; At least 3 times of drip irrigation are performed during the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza, including: the single use water amount per mu is 10-13 cubic meters; high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied at the same time as the first and second times of drip irrigation; low-nitrogen high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is applied at the same time as the third time or subsequent drip irrigation; At the same time, during the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza, potassium phosphite and organic water-soluble fertilizer are applied by foliar spraying, including: In early May and August during the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza, potassium phosphite and organic water-soluble fertilizer are applied by foliar spraying; The application amount of potassium phosphite and organic water-soluble fertilizer is 1:1; The application amount per mu per time is 100g of potassium phosphite and organic water-soluble fertilizer mixed with 30kg of water; The composition of the compound formula base fertilizer comprises: 5% of potassium polyphosphate, 30% of coated slow-release urea, 22% of monoammonium phosphate, 15% of potassium magnesium sulfate, 1% of zinc sulfate, 0.8% of boric acid and 5% of ferrous sulfate, and the rest is mature organic fertilizer; The Salvia miltiorrhiza is Lu Danqian No. 1, Shannongdan No. 1 or Lu Danqian No. 3; The row spacing when planting Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings or root segments is at least 40cm, and the plant spacing is 25-30cm.

2. The high water and fertilizer utilization rate Salvia miltiorrhiza ecological cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound bacteria are enzyme bacteria, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus licheniformis in a ratio of 1:1:

1.

3. The high water and fertilizer utilization rate Salvia miltiorrhiza ecological cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The film when ridging and film mulching is black film, and drip irrigation belts are laid under the film.

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