Bacillus feed additive, animal feed and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of feed additives, and specifically discloses a bacillus feed additive, an animal feed and a preparation method thereof. The bacillus feed additive provided by the present application includes particles formed by a composite bacillus and a carrier, and a stabilizer wrapped on the surface of the particles; the weight ratio of the composite bacillus, the carrier and the stabilizer is (0.5-1.5):15:(2.5-5); the composite bacillus includes Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa with a ratio of live bacteria count of 1:(1.5-2.2):(0.5-1.5):(0.5-1.5):(1.5-2.2); the present application also provides a preparation method for the above-mentioned bacillus feed additive. The bacillus feed additive provided by the present application can adapt to different animal intestinal environments, and has good long-term activity stability during processing, storage and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of feed additives, and in particular to a Bacillus feed additive, animal feed and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of animal husbandry, the demand for feed additives is growing. As a probiotic, Bacillus is widely used in feed additives because of its good heat resistance, storage resistance and intestinal colonization ability to improve the balance of animal intestinal microecology, improve feed utilization and animal production performance.

[0003] However, existing Bacillus feed additives mainly add Bacillus culture directly to feed, and use its probiotic effect to improve the balance of animal intestinal microecology, increase feed conversion rate, and thus improve animal growth performance and health. However, the above-mentioned Bacillus additives often have problems such as single strain and long-term unstable activity, which cannot meet the intestinal environment requirements of different animals and long-term storage, greatly limiting their wide application in animal husbandry.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a Bacillus feed additive that can adapt to the intestinal environment requirements of different animals and has good long-term activity and stability, so that it can be widely used in the field of livestock and poultry breeding to improve breeding efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems of the existing Bacillus additives such as single strain and unstable long-term activity, the present application provides a Bacillus feed additive, animal feed and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] The Bacillus feed additive provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A bacillus feed additive, comprising particles formed by a composite bacillus and a carrier, and a stabilizer coated on the surface of the particles;

[0008] The weight ratio of the composite bacillus, the carrier and the stabilizer is (0.5-1.5):15:(2.5-5);

[0009] The composite Bacillus includes Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus spp., Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa, the ratio of the number of live bacteria being 1: (1.5-2.2): (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5): (1.5-2.2); the number of live bacteria of the composite Bacillus is ≥ 10 billion / g.

[0010] The bacillus feed additive provided by the present application, on the one hand, uses a coating technology to encapsulate the bacillus with a stabilizer, effectively protecting the long-term activity of the bacillus, thereby ensuring its stability during processing, storage and use, and extending the shelf life of the bacillus feed additive. On the other hand, by screening and optimizing the strain type of bacillus, the bacillus feed additive can be well adapted to the intestinal environment of different animals, exert its probiotic effect, improve the growth performance and feed conversion rate of animals, and improve the breeding efficiency of livestock and poultry farming.

[0011] In the present application, the composite Bacillus agent is coated with a stabilizer. First, a protective layer can be formed on the surface of the microorganism to protect the microorganism from adverse external factors (high temperature, low temperature, dryness, etc.) and maintain the long-term activity stability of the microorganism; second, it can effectively remove the active oxygen free radicals in the microbial growth environment, reduce the damage of oxidative stress to the microorganism, and ensure the long-term activity of the microorganism; third, it can continuously provide the microorganism with necessary nutrients to maintain its growth and metabolic activities, ensuring that it remains active for a long time during storage and use.

[0012] Optionally, the weight ratio of the composite Bacillus, the carrier and the stabilizer is (0.8-1.2):15:(3-4).

[0013] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the complex Bacillus, the carrier and the stabilizer can be (0.5-0.8):15:3.5, (0.5-1):15:3.5, (0.5-1.2):15:3.5, (0.5-1.5):15:3.5, (0.8-1):15:3.5, (0.8-1.2):15:3.5, (0.8-1.5):15:3.5, (1-1.2):15:3. 5. (1-1.5):15:3.5, (1.2-1.5):15:3.5, 1:15:(2.5-3), 1:15:(2.5-3.5), 1:15:(2.5-4), 1:15:(2.5-5), 1:15:(3-3.5), 1:15:(3-4), 1:15:(3-5), 1:15:(3.5-4), 1:15:(3.5-5) or 1:15:(4-5).

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the weight ratio of the composite Bacillus, the carrier and the stabilizer can also be 0.5:15:3.5, 0.8:15:3.5, 1:15:3.5, 1.2:15:3.5, 1.5:15:3.5, 1:15:2.5, 1:15:3, 1:15:4 or 1:15:5.

[0015] Optionally, the ratio of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa is 1:(1.8-2):(0.8-1.5):(0.8-1.5):(1.8-2).

[0016] In the present application, the effects of Bacillus feed additives obtained by different Bacillus combinations and different Bacillus ratios on improving animal growth performance and feed conversion rate are significantly different. Through a series of experimental studies, the present application found that by further controlling the ratio of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa within the above range, the obtained Bacillus feed additive has better long-term activity stability, is more adaptable to the intestinal environment of different animals, has better growth promotion and feed conversion effects on animals, and has good economic benefits and prospects for use.

[0017] In some embodiments, the ratio of the viable counts of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa can be 1:(1.5-1.8):1:1:(1.5-1.8), 1:(1.5-2):1:1:(1.5-2), 1:(1.5-2.2):1:1:(1.5-2.2), 1:(1.8-2):1:1:(1.8-2), 1:(1.8-2.2):1:1:(1.8-2). 2.2), 1: (2-2.2): 1: 1: (2-2.2), 1: 2: (0.5-0.8): (0.5-0.8): 2, 1: 2: (0.5-1): (0.5-1): 2, 1: 2: (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5): 2, 1: 2: (0.8-1): (0.8-1): 2, 1: 2: (0.8-1.5): (0.8-1.5): 2 or 1: 2: (1-1.5): (1-1.5): 2.

[0018] In some embodiments, the ratio of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safensis, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa can also be 1:2:1:1:2, 1:1.5:1:1:1.8, 1:1.8:1:1:1.8, 1:2.2:1:1:2.2, 1:2:0.5:0.5:2, 1:2:0.8:0.8:2, 1:2:1.5:1.5:2 or 1:1.8:1.5:1.5:2.

[0019] Optionally, the carrier is selected from soybean meal, corn meal, malt root and starch; and the stabilizer is selected from carbohydrates, proteins, antioxidants, vitamins and polyols.

[0020] In a specific embodiment, the carrier is corn flour.

[0021] Optionally, the stabilizer is a mixture of sugars, antioxidants and vitamins; the weight ratio of the sugars, antioxidants and vitamins is 1: (0.3-0.5): (1.2-1.7).

[0022] In the present application, it is found through experimental research that by using a mixture of sugars, antioxidants and vitamins as a stabilizer and controlling the weight ratio of the three within the above range, the long-term activity stability of the microorganisms in the obtained Bacillus feed additive is better, and using it in feed has a better effect on promoting the growth of animals.

[0023] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the carbohydrate, antioxidant and vitamin can be 1:(0.3-0.4):1.5, 1:(0.4-0.5):1.5, 1:0.4:(1.2-1.5) or 1:0.4:(1.5-1.7).

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the weight ratio of the carbohydrate, antioxidant and vitamin can also be 1:0.4:1.5, 1:0.3:1.7 or 1:1:1.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a Bacillus feed additive.

[0026] A method for preparing a bacillus feed additive comprises the following steps: fermentation, granulation and coating;

[0027] The specific steps of the coating are: loading the prefabricated particles obtained by granulation into a drum, setting the drum speed to 25-35r / min; then using a water pump nozzle to pump the stabilizer dilution into the drum containing the prefabricated particles, coating and drying the drum to obtain the Bacillus feed additive.

[0028] The present application provides a method for preparing a bacillus feed additive. The preparation method first prepares a composite bacillus fermentation liquid by fermentation technology, then mixes the composite bacillus with a carrier to form granules, and finally uses a stabilizer to encapsulate the prefabricated granules of the composite bacillus and the carrier, thereby obtaining a bacillus feed additive with rich strain combination, good long-term activity stability, and the ability to adapt to the intestinal environment of different animals, and has good economic benefits.

[0029] In some embodiments, the drum rotation speed may be 25-30 r / min or 30-35 r / min.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the drum rotation speed may also be 25 r / min, 30 r / min or 35 r / min.

[0031] Optionally, the fermentation adopts a three-stage fermentation method, the culture medium for the primary fermentation is LB culture medium, and the culture medium for the secondary and tertiary fermentations is BPY culture medium; the time for the primary and secondary fermentations is 5-7 hours, the time for the tertiary fermentation is 15-20 hours, and the fermentation temperature is 32-37°C.

[0032] Optionally, the specific steps of granulation are: centrifuging the fermentation broth of the complex Bacillus obtained by fermentation to collect the bacterial cells, and adding a carrier to the bacterial cells to obtain a premix; adjusting the moisture content of the premix to 12±2%, and then granulating it with a granulator, drying it, and obtaining prefabricated particles with a particle size of 3-5 mm.

[0033] In a third aspect, the present application provides an animal feed comprising the Bacillus feed additive.

[0034] Optionally, the Bacillus feed additive is added to animal feed in an amount of 0.8-1.5 g / kg.

[0035] In the present application, the amount of Bacillus added to animal feed will affect the growth performance and feed conversion rate of the animal. Through experimental research, the present application found that by controlling the amount of Bacillus feed additive added to animal feed within the above range, the obtained animal feed has a better growth-promoting effect on broilers and piglets, and the feed conversion rate of broilers and piglets is higher.

[0036] In some embodiments, the Bacillus feed additive can be added to animal feed in an amount of 0.8-1.0 g / kg or 1.0-1.5 g / kg.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the Bacillus feed additive can be added to animal feed in an amount of 0.8 g / kg, 1.0 g / kg or 1.5 g / kg.

[0038] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. In this application, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa are used as composite Bacillus, and a stabilizer is used to encapsulate the composite Bacillus and a carrier. The prepared Bacillus feed additive has good activity stability and can achieve long-term processing and stable storage of the feed additive.

[0040] 2. The present application further controls the ratio of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa in the composite Bacillus within the range of 1:(1.8-2):(0.8-1.5):(0.8-1.5):(1.8-2), and the weight ratio of the composite Bacillus, the carrier and the stabilizer within the range of (0.8-1.2):15:(3-4). The obtained Bacillus feed additive has a better use effect, which makes the feed conversion rate of animals better. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present application provides a bacillus feed additive, comprising particles formed by a composite bacillus and a carrier, and a stabilizer coated on the surface of the particles; the weight ratio of the composite bacillus, the carrier and the stabilizer is (0.5-1.5):15:(2.5-5); further, the weight ratio of the composite bacillus, the carrier and the stabilizer is (0.8-1.2):15:(3-4).

[0042] The viable count of the composite bacillus is ≥ 10 billion / g; the composite bacillus includes Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa in a ratio of 1: (1.5-2.2): (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5): (1.5-2.2); further, the viable count of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa is 1: (1.8-2): (0.8-1.5): (0.8-1.5): (1.8-2). The carrier is selected from soybean powder, corn powder, malt root and starch; the stabilizer is selected from carbohydrates, proteins, antioxidants, vitamins and polyols; further, the stabilizer is a carbohydrate, antioxidant and vitamin in a weight ratio of 1: (0.2-0.5): (1-2).

[0043] The preparation method of the above-mentioned bacillus feed additive comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) Fermentation: Take each Bacillus according to the ratio of live bacterial counts, and then place it in the same LB medium for 24 hours of culture. After the culture is completed, obtain the seed liquid; then inoculate the seed liquid into a 100L culture tank at a 5-10% inoculation rate for primary fermentation. The medium for primary fermentation is LB medium. The culture time for primary fermentation is 5-7 hours and the temperature is 32-37°C. When the bacterial count density reaches more than 100 under microscopic examination and the dissolved oxygen in the tank drops below 30%, it can be transferred to a 1-ton fermentation tank at a 5-10% inoculation rate. The secondary fermentation is carried out, the culture medium for the secondary fermentation is BPY culture medium, the culture time is 5-7h, the temperature is 32-37°C, when the bacterial density reaches more than 100 under microscopic examination and the dissolved oxygen in the tank is reduced to less than 30%, it can be transferred to a 10-ton fermentation tank with an inoculation amount of 5-10% for tertiary fermentation, the culture medium for tertiary fermentation is BPY culture medium, the culture time is 15-20h, the temperature is 32-37°C, when the spore production rate reaches more than 99%, the culture can be terminated to obtain the composite Bacillus fermentation liquid.

[0045] (2) Granulation: The composite Bacillus fermentation liquid is centrifuged to collect the bacteria, and the number of live bacteria is adjusted to ≥10 billion / g to obtain the composite Bacillus; then a carrier is added to the composite Bacillus, and the mixture is mixed evenly to obtain a premix; the water content of the premix is ​​adjusted to 12±2%, and granulated by a granulator, and dried to obtain prefabricated particles with a particle size of 3-5 mm.

[0046] (3) Coating: The prefabricated particles are loaded into a drum and the drum speed is set to 25-35 r / min. Then, a stabilizer dilution solution with a mass concentration of 60-70% is pumped into the drum containing the prefabricated particles using a water pump nozzle. The prefabricated particles are coated and dried in the drum to obtain the Bacillus feed additive.

[0047] In the present application, the formula of the LB medium is: 5 g / L yeast extract, 10 g / L tryptone, 10 g / L sodium chloride, and the balance is water.

[0048] In the present application, the formula of the BPY culture medium is: 5g / L beef extract powder, 10g / L peptone, 5g / L yeast extract powder, 5g / L sodium chloride, 10g / L glucose, and the balance is water.

[0049] In the present application, the deposit number of Bacillus licheniformis is CGMCC No.7388; the deposit number of Bacillus safety is ATCC-BAA-1127; the deposit number of Bacillus coagulans is CGMCC NO.10221; the deposit number of Bacillus pasteurianus is ATCC11859; the deposit number of Bacillus polymyxa is CGMCC NO.M20211157; the deposit number of Bacillus subtilis is CGMCC NO.20464; the deposit number of Bacillus cereus is CCTCC NO.M2017383; the remaining raw materials, reagents, solvents, etc. used in the present application can be obtained commercially.

[0050] The present application is further described in detail below in combination with preparation examples, embodiments and performance testing experiments.

[0051] Preparation Example 1-9

[0052] Preparation Examples 1-9 each provide a Bacillus feed additive.

[0053] The difference between the above preparation examples is that the weight ratio of the composite bacillus, the carrier and the stabilizer in the bacillus feed additive is shown in Table 1 below.

[0054] The preparation method of the Bacillus feed additive provided in Preparation Example 1-9 comprises the following steps:

[0055] (1) Fermentation: Take each Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa in a ratio of 1:2:1:1:2, and then place them in the same LB medium for 24 hours of culture. After the culture is completed, obtain the seed liquid; then inoculate the seed liquid into a 100L culture tank at a 10% inoculation rate for primary fermentation. The culture medium for primary fermentation is LB medium. The culture time for primary fermentation is 6 hours and the temperature is 37°C. When the bacterial count density under microscopic examination reaches more than 100 and the dissolved oxygen in the tank is reduced to 30%, the fermentation temperature is 40 °C. Below, it can be transferred to a 1-ton fermentation tank with an inoculation amount of 5-10% for secondary fermentation. The culture medium for the secondary fermentation is BPY culture medium. The culture time is 6 hours and the temperature is 37°C. When the bacterial density reaches more than 100 under microscopic examination and the dissolved oxygen in the tank is reduced to less than 30%, it can be transferred to a 10-ton fermentation tank with an inoculation amount of 10% for tertiary fermentation. The culture medium for the tertiary fermentation is BPY culture medium. The culture time is 18 hours and the temperature is 37°C. When the spore production rate reaches more than 99%, the culture can be terminated to obtain the composite Bacillus fermentation liquid.

[0056] (2) Granulation: The composite Bacillus fermentation liquid was centrifuged to collect the bacteria, and the number of live bacteria was adjusted to 10 billion / g to obtain the composite Bacillus; then corn flour (the amount added is shown in Table 1) was added to the composite Bacillus, and mixed evenly to obtain a premix; the water content of the premix was adjusted to 12±2%, and granulated by a granulator, and dried to obtain prefabricated particles with a particle size of 4 mm.

[0057] (3) Coating: The prefabricated particles are loaded into the drum, and the drum speed is set to 30r / min; then, a stabilizer dilution with a mass concentration of 65% is pumped into the drum containing the prefabricated particles using a water pump nozzle, and the stabilizer dilution is obtained by drum coating and drying. The preparation method of the stabilizer dilution is as follows: sucrose, glutathione and vitamin C are weighed according to a weight ratio of 1:0.4:1.5, and mixed evenly to obtain a stabilizer; the stabilizer is weighed according to Table 1, and diluted with water to obtain a stabilizer dilution with a mass concentration of 65%.

[0058] Table 1 Addition amount of each component in the Bacillus feed additive provided in Preparation Examples 1-9

[0059]

[0060] Preparation Example 10-16

[0061] Preparation Examples 10-16 each provide a Bacillus feed additive.

[0062] The difference between the above preparation example and preparation example 3 is that the ratio of the number of live bacteria of each Bacillus in the composite Bacillus is specifically shown in Table 2 below.

[0063] Table 2 Ratio of the number of live bacteria of each Bacillus in the composite Bacillus provided in Preparation Example 3 and Preparation Examples 10-16

[0064]

[0065] Preparation Example 17

[0066] Preparation Example 17 provides a Bacillus feed additive.

[0067] The difference between the above preparation example and preparation example 3 is that the rotation speed of the drum in the coating step is 25 r / min.

[0068] Preparation Example 18

[0069] Preparation Example 18 provides a Bacillus feed additive.

[0070] The difference between the above preparation example and preparation example 3 is that the rotation speed of the drum in the coating step is 35 r / min.

[0071] Preparation Example 19

[0072] Preparation Example 19 provides a Bacillus feed additive.

[0073] The difference between the above preparation example and preparation example 3 is that the stabilizer is sucrose, glutathione and vitamin C in a weight ratio of 1:0.3:1.7.

[0074] Preparation Example 20

[0075] Preparation Example 20 provides a Bacillus feed additive.

[0076] The difference between the above preparation example and preparation example 3 is that the stabilizer is sucrose, glutathione and vitamin C in a weight ratio of 1:1:1.

[0077] Comparative Preparation Example 1

[0078] Comparative Preparation Example 1 provides a Bacillus feed additive.

[0079] The difference between the comparative preparation example and the preparation example 3 is that the added amount of the complex Bacillus is 2 g, and the added amount of the stabilizer is 6 g.

[0080] Comparative Preparation Example 2

[0081] Comparative Preparation Example 2 provides a Bacillus feed additive.

[0082] The difference between the comparative preparation example and preparation example 3 is that the composite Bacillus comprises Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus cereus in which the ratio of the number of live bacteria is 1:2:1:1:2.

[0083] Comparative Preparation Example 3

[0084] Comparative Preparation Example 3 provides a Bacillus feed additive.

[0085] The difference between the comparative preparation example and preparation example 3 is that the composite Bacillus comprises Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus, Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus subtilis with a live cell count ratio of 1:2:1:1:2:1.

[0086] Comparative Preparation Example 4

[0087] Comparative Preparation Example 4 provides a Bacillus feed additive.

[0088] The difference between the comparative preparation example and the preparation example 3 is that the rotation speed of the drum in the coating step is 20 r / min.

[0089] Comparative Preparation Example 5

[0090] Comparative Preparation Example 5 provides a Bacillus feed additive.

[0091] The difference between the comparative preparation example and the preparation example 3 is that the rotation speed of the drum in the coating step is 40 r / min.

[0092] Comparative Preparation Example 6

[0093] Comparative Preparation Example 6 provides a Bacillus feed additive.

[0094] The difference between the above comparative preparation example and preparation example 3 is that the granulation and coating steps are replaced by the following steps:

[0095] (2) Granulation: The composite Bacillus fermentation liquid was centrifuged to collect the bacteria, and the number of live bacteria was adjusted to 10 billion / g to obtain the composite Bacillus; corn flour and a stabilizer were then added to the composite Bacillus, and the mixture was mixed evenly to obtain a premix; the water content of the premix was adjusted to 12±2%, and granulated by a granulator, and dried to obtain prefabricated particles with a particle size of 4 mm.

[0096] Storage stability

[0097] The long-term storage activity stability of the Bacillus feed additives provided in Preparation Examples 1-20 and Comparative Preparation Examples 1-6 was tested, and the results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0098] The long-term storage activity stability detection method is: the Bacillus feed additives provided in Preparation Example 1-18 and Comparative Preparation Example 1-5 are stored at a temperature of 25±5°C and a humidity of 40±5% for 6 months, the viable bacterial count of each Bacillus feed additive is detected before and after storage, and the viable bacterial rate of the Bacillus feed additive after storage is calculated.

[0099] Q=Q 2 / Q 1 ×100%

[0100] In the above formula, Q is the viable bacterial rate of Bacillus feed additive after storage, Q 1 Q is the viable bacterial count of Bacillus feed additive before storage. 2 It is the viable bacterial count of Bacillus feed additive after storage.

[0101] Table 3 The viable bacterial rate of the Bacillus feed additives of Preparation Examples 1-20 and Comparative Preparation Examples 1-6 after storage

[0102] According to the test results in Table 3, the viable bacteria rate of the Bacillus feed additives prepared in Preparation Examples 1-20 of the present application after storage for 6 months is 90.2-96.3% (≥90%), while the viable bacteria rate of the Bacillus feed additives prepared in Comparative Preparation Examples 1-6 after storage for 6 months is only 76.6-88.5% (<90%). Therefore, it is shown that the Bacillus feed additive prepared in the present application by using Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa as composite Bacillus, and using a stabilizer to encapsulate the composite Bacillus and the carrier, has good activity stability, and can achieve long-term processing and stable storage of feed additives.

[0103] Examples 1-20

[0104] Examples 1-20 each provide an animal feed.

[0105] The difference between the above embodiments is that the Bacillus feed additives are derived from Preparation Examples 1-20 respectively.

[0106] The method for preparing animal feed provided in Examples 1-20 comprises the following steps: adding the Bacillus feed additive at an addition amount of 1 g / kg to commercially available feed (purchased from Shandong Jiju Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), mixing evenly, and obtaining animal feed containing the Bacillus feed additive. Embodiment 21

[0107] Example 21 provides an animal feed.

[0108] The difference between the above embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the amount of the Bacillus feed additive added to the feed is 0.8 g / kg. Embodiment 22

[0109] Example 22 provides an animal feed.

[0110] The difference between the above embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the amount of the Bacillus feed additive added to the feed is 1.5 g / kg.

[0111] Comparative Examples 1-6

[0112] Comparative Examples 1-6 each provide an animal feed.

[0113] The difference between the above embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the Bacillus feed additive is derived from comparative preparation examples 1-6 respectively. Comparative Example 7

[0114] Comparative Example 7 provides an animal feed.

[0115] The difference between the comparative example and Example 3 is that the amount of the Bacillus feed additive added to the feed is 0.5 g / kg. Comparative Example 8

[0116] Comparative Example 8 provides an animal feed.

[0117] The difference between the comparative example and Example 3 is that the amount of the Bacillus feed additive added to the feed is 1.8 g / kg.

[0118] Broiler feeding trial

[0119] The animal feed provided in Examples 1-22 and Comparative Examples 1-8 was used to conduct a broiler feed feeding test. The test method is as follows:

[0120] (1) A total of 310 one-day-old AA+ white-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 31 groups, with 10 chickens in each group (half male and half female). The experimental period was 42 days.

[0121] (2) Among them, 22 groups were fed with the animal feed provided in Examples 1-22; 8 groups were fed with the animal feed provided in Comparative Examples 1-8; and 1 group was fed with commercially available feed (purchased from Shandong Jiju Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) as a blank control group. During the experiment, all conditions were basically the same, immunization and deworming were carried out according to routine procedures, feeding was carried out twice a day, food and drinking water were freely available, feces were cleaned once a day, and the sink was scrubbed once a day.

[0122] (3) Before the experiment, the fasting body weight of the broilers was weighed; after the experiment, the fasting body weight of the broilers was weighed, and the average daily weight gain of each broiler was calculated; after the experiment, the feed consumption of each group of broilers within 42 days was recorded, and the average daily feed intake of each broiler was calculated; the feed-to-meat ratio of the broilers was comprehensively calculated, and the results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0123] Average daily weight gain of each broiler = average weight of each group of broilers at the end of the experiment - average initial weight of each group of broilers) / 420

[0124] Average daily feed intake per broiler = feed consumption per group of broilers for 42 days / 420

[0125] Feed-to-meat ratio = average daily feed intake per broiler / average daily weight gain per broiler.

[0126] Table 4 Test results of broiler feeding experiment

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] According to the test results in Table 4, the animal feed obtained by Example 1-22 and Comparative Example 1-8 and commercial animal feed were used to feed 42-d broilers; the average daily feed intake of broilers fed with Example 1-22 was 93.5-107.1 g / bird, the average daily weight gain was 60.3-74.1 g / bird, and the feed-to-meat ratio was 1.43-1.57, while the average daily feed intake of broilers fed with Comparative Example 1-8 and commercially available feed was 81.1-97.7 g / bird, the average daily weight gain was 43.6-56.8 g / bird, and the feed-to-meat ratio was 1.73-2.16. Obviously, the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of broilers fed with Example 1-20 were significantly higher than those of broilers fed with Comparative Example 1-8 and commercially available feed, and the feed-to-meat ratio of broilers fed with Example 1-22 was significantly lower than that of broilers fed with Comparative Example 1-8 and commercially available feed. Therefore, it is shown that the Bacillus feed additive provided by the present application can significantly improve the appetite of broiler chickens and provide sufficient nutrients for broiler chickens, thereby improving the growth performance and feed conversion rate of broiler chickens, increasing the breeding efficiency of farms, and has good economic value and application prospects.

[0130] From the test results of Examples 1-9, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 6, it can be seen that the average daily feed intake of broilers fed with the animal feed obtained in Examples 1-9 is 93.5-106.3 g / bird, the average daily weight gain is 60.3-74.1 g / bird, and the feed-to-meat ratio is 1.43-1.55; while the average daily feed intake of broilers fed with the animal feed obtained in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 7 is 82.1-95.8 g / bird, the average daily weight gain is only 43.6-46.7 g / bird, and the feed-to-meat ratio is as high as 1.88-2.05. Therefore, it is shown that the present application prepares the Bacillus feed additive by adopting the coating technology, and controls the weight ratio of the composite Bacillus, the carrier and the stabilizer within the range of (0.5-1.5):15:(2.5-5), and the obtained Bacillus feed additive has a good use effect; further comparison shows that the feed-to-meat ratio of broilers fed with the animal feed obtained in Examples 2-4 and 7-8 is only 1.43-1.50 (≤1.50), indicating that the present application further controls the weight ratio of the composite Bacillus, the carrier and the stabilizer within the range of (0.8-1.2):15:(3-4), and the obtained Bacillus feed additive has a better use effect, so that the feed conversion rate of broilers is better.

[0131] From the test results of Example 3, Examples 10-16, and Comparative Examples 2-3, it can be seen that the average daily feed intake of broilers fed with the animal feed obtained in Examples 3 and 10-16 was 94.1-107.1 g / bird, the average daily weight gain was 60.7-73.6 g / bird, and the feed-to-meat ratio was 1.43-1.57; while the average daily feed intake of broilers fed with the animal feed obtained in Comparative Examples 2-3 was 88.3-97.4 g / bird, the average daily weight gain was only 44.5-52.8 g / bird, and the feed-to-meat ratio was as high as 1.84-1.98. Therefore, it is explained that the present application uses Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa with a live bacteria count ratio of 1: (1.5-2.2): (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5): (1.5-2.2) as a composite Bacillus, and the prepared Bacillus feed additive has a good growth-promoting effect on broilers and can improve the feed conversion ratio of broilers; further comparison shows that Examples 3, 11, 14-16 The obtained animal feed has a feed-to-meat ratio of only 1.43-1.46 (≤1.50) for broilers, indicating that the present application further controls the ratio of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa in the composite Bacillus within the range of 1: (1.8-2): (0.8-1.5): (0.8-1.5): (1.8-2), and the obtained Bacillus feed additive has a better use effect, which makes the feed conversion rate of broilers better.

[0132] The test results of Example 3, Examples 17-18, and Comparative Examples 4-5 show that, as the rotation speed of the drum in the coating step increases, the feed-to-meat ratio of the obtained animal feed for broilers shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. Therefore, the present application controls the rotation speed of the drum in the coating step within the range of 25-35 r / min, and the obtained animal feed for broilers has a low feed-to-meat ratio and a high feed conversion rate.

[0133] The test results of Example 3 and Example 19-20 show that the average daily feed intake of broilers fed with animal feed obtained in Example 3 and Example 19 is 106.3-106.4 g / bird, the average daily weight gain is 73.8-74.1 g / bird, and the feed-to-meat ratio is 1.43-1.44; while the average daily feed intake of broilers fed with animal feed obtained in Example 20 is 102.5 g / bird, the average daily weight gain is 68.7 g / bird, and the feed-to-meat ratio is 1.49. Therefore, it is explained that the present application uses carbohydrates, antioxidants and vitamins with a weight ratio of 1: (0.3-0.5): (1.2-1.7) as stabilizers, and the obtained animal feed has a lower feed-to-meat ratio for broilers and a higher feed conversion rate for broilers.

[0134] The test results of Example 3, Examples 21-22, and Comparative Examples 7-8 show that as the amount of Bacillus feed additive added to animal feed increases, the feed-to-meat ratio of broilers fed with the obtained animal feed shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. Therefore, the application controls the amount of Bacillus feed additive added to animal feed within the range of 0.8-1.5 g / kg, and the obtained animal feed has a low feed-to-meat ratio for broilers and a high feed conversion rate for broilers.

[0135] In summary, the Bacillus feed additive provided by the present application can improve the appetite of broiler chickens, improve the growth performance and feed conversion ratio of broiler chickens, and enable broiler chickens to fully convert the fed feed into chicken meat, thereby increasing the breeding efficiency.

[0136] Piglet feeding trial

[0137] The animal feed provided in Example 3, Examples 10-16, and Comparative Examples 1-3 was used to conduct a piglet feeding test. The test method is as follows:

[0138] (1) A total of 140 weaned piglets, aged 35 years and weighing 9±0.05 kg, were randomly divided into 14 groups, with 10 pigs in each group. The experimental period was 30 days.

[0139] (2) Among them, 8 groups were fed with the animal feed provided in Example 3 and Examples 10-16 respectively; 3 groups were fed with the animal feed provided in Comparative Examples 1-3; and 1 group was fed with commercially available feed (purchased from Shandong Jiju Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) as a blank control group. During the experiment, all conditions were basically the same, immunization and deworming were carried out according to routine procedures, feeding was carried out 3 times a day, food and drinking water were freely available, feces were cleaned once a day, and the sink was scrubbed once a day.

[0140] (3) Before the experiment, the fasting body weight of the piglets was weighed; after the experiment, the fasting body weight of the piglets was weighed and the average daily weight gain of each piglet was calculated; after the experiment, the feed consumption of each group of piglets within 30 days was recorded, and the average daily feed intake of each piglet was calculated; the feed-to-meat ratio of the piglets was comprehensively calculated (refer to the feed-to-meat ratio calculation method of broiler chickens), and the results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0141] Table 5 Test results of piglet feeding experiment

[0142]

[0143] The test results of Example 3, Examples 10-16, and Comparative Examples 2-3 show that the feed-to-meat ratio of the animal feed obtained in Example 3 and Examples 10-16 for feeding piglets is 1.53-1.65; while the feed-to-meat ratio of the animal feed obtained in Comparative Examples 2-3 for feeding piglets is as high as 1.97-2.05. Therefore, it is explained that the present application uses Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa with a live bacteria count ratio of 1: (1.5-2.2): (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5): (1.5-2.2) as a composite Bacillus, and the prepared Bacillus feed additive has a good growth-promoting effect on piglets and can improve the feed conversion ratio of piglets; further comparison shows that Example 3, Example 11, Examples 14-16 The feed-to-meat ratio of the obtained animal feed for feeding piglets is only 1.53-1.58 (≤1.60), indicating that the present application further controls the ratio of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus safety, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa in the composite Bacillus within the range of 1: (1.8-2): (0.8-1.5): (0.8-1.5): (1.8-2), and the obtained Bacillus feed additive has a better use effect, making the feed conversion rate of piglets better. In summary, the Bacillus feed additive provided by the present application can adapt to the intestinal environment of different animals and exert its probiotic effect, thereby improving the growth performance and feed conversion rate of animals and improving the breeding efficiency of livestock and poultry farming.

[0144] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A bacillus feed additive, characterized in that The invention comprises particles formed by a composite bacillus and a carrier, and a stabilizer coated on the surface of the particles; The weight ratio of the composite bacillus, the carrier and the stabilizer is (0.8-1.2):15:(3-4); The composite Bacillus includes Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus spp., Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus pasteurianus and Bacillus polymyxa, the ratio of the number of live bacteria of which is 1: (1.8-2): (0.8-1.5): (0.8-1.5): (1.8-2): (1.5-2.2); the number of live bacteria of the composite Bacillus is ≥ 10 billion / g.

2. The bacillus feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The carrier is selected from soybean powder, corn powder, malt root and starch; the stabilizer is selected from sugar, protein, antioxidant, vitamin and polyol.

3. The method for preparing the bacillus feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Fermentation, granulation, and coating; The specific steps of the coating are: loading the prefabricated particles obtained by granulation into a drum, setting the drum speed to 25-35r / min; then using a water pump nozzle to pump the stabilizer dilution into the drum containing the prefabricated particles, coating and drying the drum to obtain the Bacillus feed additive.

4. The method for preparing the bacillus feed additive according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fermentation adopts a three-stage fermentation method, the culture medium for the primary fermentation is LB culture medium, and the culture medium for the secondary and tertiary fermentations is BPY culture medium; the time for the primary and secondary fermentations is 5-7 hours, the time for the tertiary fermentation is 15-20 hours, and the fermentation temperature is 32-37°C.

5. The method for preparing the bacillus feed additive according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific steps of granulation are: centrifuging the fermented complex bacillus fermentation liquid to collect the bacterial cells, and adding a carrier to the bacterial cells to obtain a premix; adjusting the water content of the premix to 12±2%, and then granulating with a granulator, drying, and obtaining prefabricated particles with a particle size of 3-5 mm.

6. An animal feed comprising the Bacillus feed additive according to any one of claims 1-2.

7. The animal feed according to claim 6, characterized in that The addition amount of the bacillus feed additive in animal feed is 0.8-1.5 g / kg.

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