A method and system for monitoring environmental gases

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel gas monitoring, and specifically discloses an environmental gas monitoring method and system, the method comprising: S1, collecting environmental gas concentration information of each monitoring area in a tunnel through a collection module; S2, performing preliminary analysis on the collected environmental gas concentration information through an edge computing module, and judging whether it is necessary to immediately transmit the collected environmental gas concentration information to a tunnel processing center module; the present invention performs preliminary analysis on the environmental gas concentration information in the tunnel collected by the collection module through an edge computing module, and judges whether to immediately send the collected environmental gas concentration information in the tunnel to the tunnel processing center module, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the workload of an Internet of Things transmission module and a tunnel processing center module, reduce the amount of data that the tunnel processing center module needs to process, and reduce the risk of possible failures in the working process of the tunnel processing center module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel gas monitoring, and in particular to an environmental gas monitoring method and system. Background Art

[0002] Highway tunnels are relatively closed in structure, and some harmful gases will exist in the tunnels, which will not only affect the health of construction workers, but also may cause devastating disasters to tunnel projects. In addition, vehicles will emit a large amount of harmful gases after passing through. As time goes by, the exhaust gas in the tunnel will also increase. When people pass through the tunnel, it will cause harm to their health. Therefore, tunnel environmental gas monitoring is required during tunnel construction to ensure the safety of the tunnel. During tunnel construction, harmful gases often overflow or gush from the face or unsupported tunnel wall, which can easily bring safety hazards. Therefore, tunnel environmental gas monitoring is required in both construction tunnels and used tunnels.

[0003] In the prior art, multiple types of gas concentration sensors are installed and placed at multiple monitoring points in the tunnel to monitor the environmental gases at various locations in the tunnel in real time, and the monitored environmental gas concentration data is transmitted to the tunnel environment processing center module for monitoring and early warning. When the concentration of any type of gas at any monitoring point exceeds the preset standard, the tunnel processing center module generates an early warning signal so that the tunnel management department can promptly discover and solve the problem of excessive concentration of tunnel environmental gas. Although this method of monitoring tunnel environmental gas can effectively monitor and warn the environmental gas concentration in the tunnel, it needs to continuously transmit the concentration information of each type of gas at each monitoring point to the tunnel environment processing center module during the monitoring process, which will bring a large load to the Internet of Things transmission module and then the tunnel processing center module, which may cause the working failure of the tunnel processing center module, thereby affecting the monitoring of the tunnel environmental gas, and the tunnel processing center module cannot fully analyze the received environmental gas concentration information, and cannot adaptively adjust the ventilation volume of the tunnel ventilation module. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmental gas monitoring method and system to solve the following technical problems:

[0005] The problem is how to reduce the workload of the tunnel environment processing center module and adaptively adjust the ventilation volume of the tunnel ventilation module.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for monitoring environmental gases, the method comprising:

[0008] S1. Collecting the environmental gas concentration information of each monitoring area in the tunnel through the collection module;

[0009] S2. Perform a preliminary analysis on the collected ambient gas concentration information through the edge computing module to determine whether the collected ambient gas concentration information needs to be immediately transmitted to the tunnel processing center module;

[0010] S3. The received ambient gas concentration information is analyzed and processed by the tunnel processing center module to determine whether it is necessary to generate an early warning signal and control the ventilation module to increase the ventilation volume signal.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, the process of determining whether the collected ambient gas concentration information needs to be immediately transmitted to the tunnel processing center module includes:

[0012] The tunnel is provided with N monitoring areas, each of which is provided with an edge computing module and a collection module;

[0013] The i-th edge computing module analyzes the ambient gas concentration information collected in its corresponding monitoring area and obtains the ambient gas concentration change parameter W of the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period. i,s ;

[0014] The environmental gas concentration change parameter W of the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period is i,s and preset critical change parameter W of ambient gas concentration i,std Make a comparison;

[0015] If W i,s ≥W i,std , the ambient gas concentration information collected by the collection module in the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period is immediately sent to the tunnel processing center module, and the ambient gas concentration information within the next preset time period is preprocessed by the i-th edge computing module;

[0016] If W i,s <W i,std , the i-th edge computing module pre-processes the ambient gas concentration information within the next preset time period, and sends the ambient gas concentration information collected by the collection module in the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period to the tunnel processing center module at a preset frequency.

[0017] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the ambient gas concentration change parameter of the i-th monitoring area within a preset time period includes:

[0018]

[0019]

[0020] The ambient gas concentration change parameter W of the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period is obtained by analyzing and calculating formula (1)-(2): i,s ;

[0021] Among them, [t a ,t b ] is the preset time period, ΔG i,j is the characteristic value of the change of the jth environmental gas in the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period, ω j is the weight coefficient of the jth environmental gas, G i,j (t) is the curve of the jth ambient gas concentration changing with time in the ith monitoring area, G i,j (t a ) is the jth ambient gas concentration in the ith monitoring area at t a The value at the time node.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S3, the process of determining whether an early warning needs to be generated includes:

[0023] The tunnel processing center module analyzes the received ambient gas concentration information in each monitoring area to obtain the ambient gas concentration exceeding standard parameter H in each monitoring area within the preset time period. i,s ;

[0024] The ambient gas concentration exceeding the standard parameter H in each monitoring area within the preset time period i,s And preset ambient gas concentration exceeding the standard excessive warning parameter H i,std Make a comparison;

[0025] If there is H i,s ≥H i,std , then an early warning signal is generated if the concentration of ambient gas in the corresponding monitoring area exceeds the standard by a large amount;

[0026] On the contrary, the ambient gas concentration information in the tunnel is further analyzed.

[0027] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the parameters of the ambient gas concentration exceeding the standard in each monitoring area within a preset time period includes:

[0028]

[0029] Q i，j =IF(E i，j >1,E i，j -1,0) (4)

[0030]

[0031] The parameter H of the ambient gas concentration exceeding the standard in the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period is obtained by analysis and calculation through formulas (3)-(5):i,s ;

[0032] Where M is the number of categories of ambient gases, j∈[1,M], Q i,j is the excess coefficient of the jth ambient gas concentration in the ith monitoring area, E i,j is the jth ambient gas concentration comparison coefficient in the ith monitoring area, Z j,std is the standard value of the jth ambient gas concentration.

[0033] Furthermore, the process of further analyzing the ambient gas concentration information in the tunnel includes:

[0034] The tunnel processing center module analyzes the ambient gas concentration information received in each monitoring area to obtain the actual air conversion rate R required to discharge the ambient gas with excessive concentration out of the tunnel. s ;

[0035] Based on the ventilation volume of the tunnel's ventilation module, the theoretical air conversion rate R that can be increased by the ventilation module under the existing ventilation volume is calculated. the ;

[0036] The actual air change rate R required to discharge the excessive concentration of ambient gas out of the tunnel s The theoretical air conversion rate R that can be increased under the existing ventilation volume the Make a comparison;

[0037] If R s ≥R the , then an early warning signal is generated that the ambient gas concentration in the tunnel exceeds the standard and cannot be discharged in time;

[0038] If R s <R the And R s >0, a signal is generated to control the ventilation module to increase the preset ventilation volume;

[0039] If R s =0, no signal is generated.

[0040] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the actual air conversion rate required to increase the concentration of the ambient gas exceeding the standard from the tunnel and the theoretical air conversion rate that can be increased under the existing ventilation volume includes:

[0041] The excess coefficient Q of all ambient gas concentrations obtained by the tunnel processing center module i,j Compare with each other to obtain the maximum value MAX{Q i,j};

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] The actual air conversion rate R required to discharge the excessive concentration of ambient gas out of the tunnel is obtained by analyzing and calculating formulas (6) and (7) respectively: s The theoretical air change rate R that can be increased under the existing ventilation volume the ;

[0045] in, P is the coefficient for converting the excess coefficient of ambient gas concentration into the actual air conversion rate. max is the maximum ventilation volume of the ventilation module, P s is the ventilation volume of the working ventilation module, and V is the volume of the space in the tunnel.

[0046] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the preset ventilation volume includes:

[0047]

[0048] The preset ventilation volume ΔP is obtained by analytical calculation using formula (8).

[0049] An environmental gas monitoring system, the system is used in an environmental gas monitoring method, the system comprising:

[0050] A collection module is used to collect the ambient gas concentration information in each monitoring area in the tunnel;

[0051] The edge computing module is used to perform preliminary analysis on the ambient gas concentration information collected by the collection module in the corresponding monitoring area in the tunnel, and transmit the ambient gas concentration information in the corresponding monitoring area to the tunnel processing center module;

[0052] The tunnel processing center module is used to analyze the ambient gas concentration information transmitted by the edge computing modules corresponding to each monitoring area in the tunnel, and determine whether it is necessary to generate an early warning signal and control the ventilation module to increase the ventilation volume signal;

[0053] Ventilation module, used to exchange air in the tunnel with outside air;

[0054] The early warning control module is used to execute the early warning signal generated by the tunnel processing center module and control the signal of the ventilation module to increase the ventilation volume.

[0055] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0056] (1) The present invention uses the edge computing module to perform a preliminary analysis on the tunnel environment gas concentration information collected by the collection module, and determines whether to immediately send the collected tunnel environment gas concentration information to the tunnel processing center module, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the workload of the Internet of Things transmission module and the tunnel processing center module, reduce the amount of data that the tunnel processing center module needs to process, and reduce the risk of possible failures during the operation of the tunnel processing center module.

[0057] (2) The present invention fully analyzes the received environmental gas concentration information through the tunnel processing center module, so as to achieve the purpose of generating corresponding early warning signals and adaptively adjusting the ventilation volume of the tunnel ventilation module according to different environmental gas concentration states. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of steps of an environmental gas monitoring method proposed by the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 It is a schematic block diagram of an environmental gas monitoring system proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] See also Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, a method for monitoring environmental gas is provided, the method comprising:

[0063] S1. Collecting the environmental gas concentration information of each monitoring area in the tunnel through a collection module, wherein the collection module is composed of a plurality of gas sensors and can collect the concentration information of various types of gases in the tunnel;

[0064] S2. Perform a preliminary analysis on the collected ambient gas concentration information through the edge computing module to determine whether the collected ambient gas concentration information needs to be immediately transmitted to the tunnel processing center module;

[0065] S3. The received ambient gas concentration information is analyzed and processed by the tunnel processing center module to determine whether it is necessary to generate an early warning signal and control the ventilation module to increase the ventilation volume signal.

[0066] Through the above technical scheme, this embodiment provides a method for monitoring tunnel environmental gas. First, the environmental gas concentration information of each monitoring area in the tunnel is collected through the collection module, and then the collected environmental gas concentration information is preliminarily analyzed through the edge computing module to determine whether the collected environmental gas concentration information needs to be immediately transmitted to the tunnel processing center module. If the collected environmental gas concentration information does not need to be immediately transmitted to the tunnel processing center module, the collected environmental gas concentration information needs to be transmitted to the tunnel processing center module at a preset frequency. Finally, the received environmental gas concentration information is analyzed and processed by the tunnel processing center module to determine whether it is necessary to generate an early warning signal and control the ventilation module to increase the ventilation volume signal. If there are too many gases with excessive concentrations in the tunnel, an early warning signal of excessive concentrations of environmental gases in the tunnel is generated; if the concentration of gases with excessive concentrations in the tunnel increases too fast, an early warning signal that the environmental gases with excessive concentrations in the tunnel cannot be discharged in time is generated; if the concentration of gases with excessive concentrations in the tunnel does not reach the early warning value, a signal is generated to control the ventilation module to increase the preset ventilation volume.

[0067] In one embodiment, in step S2, the process of determining whether the collected ambient gas concentration information needs to be immediately transmitted to the tunnel processing center module includes:

[0068] N monitoring areas are provided in the tunnel, and the M monitoring areas can be obtained by combining the length of the tunnel with experience. Each monitoring area is provided with an edge computing module and a collection module;

[0069] The i-th edge computing module analyzes the ambient gas concentration information collected in its corresponding monitoring area and obtains the ambient gas concentration change parameter W of the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period. i,s , where i∈[1,N];

[0070] The environmental gas concentration change parameter W of the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period is i,s and preset critical change parameter W of ambient gas concentration i,std Compare, the preset critical change parameter W of the ambient gas concentration i,std Can be preset based on experience;

[0071] If W i,s ≥W i,std , the ambient gas concentration information collected by the collection module in the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period is immediately sent to the tunnel processing center module, and the ambient gas concentration information within the next preset time period is preprocessed by the i-th edge computing module;

[0072] If W i,s <W i,std, the i-th edge computing module pre-processes the ambient gas concentration information within the next preset time period, and sends the ambient gas concentration information collected by the acquisition module in the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period to the tunnel processing center module at a preset frequency. The preset frequency can be preset based on experience, and is mainly used by the tunnel processing center module to detect whether the edge computing module and the acquisition module are working normally.

[0073] The process of obtaining the ambient gas concentration change parameter of the i-th monitoring area within a preset time period includes:

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] The ambient gas concentration change parameter W of the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period is obtained by analyzing and calculating formula (1)-(2): i,s ;

[0077] Among them, [t a ,t b ] is the preset time period, which can be obtained based on experience, ΔG i,j is the characteristic value of the change of the jth environmental gas in the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period, ω j is the weight coefficient of the jth environmental gas, which can be obtained according to the environmental gas impact experiment in the tunnel, G i,j (t) is the curve of the jth environmental gas concentration changing with time in the i-th monitoring area, which can be obtained by fitting and modeling the environmental gas concentration information in the tunnel collected by the edge computing module. i,j (t a ) is the jth ambient gas concentration in the ith monitoring area at t a The value at the time node can be calculated based on the a The ambient gas concentration information collected by the collection module at the time node is obtained.

[0078] Through the above technical scheme, this embodiment provides a method for judging whether the collected environmental gas concentration information is immediately transmitted to the tunnel processing center module. The edge computing module set in each monitoring area analyzes the environmental gas concentration information collected in the corresponding monitoring area to judge whether the environmental gas concentration change parameter in the detection area reaches or exceeds the preset environmental gas concentration critical change parameter within the preset time period. If so, the environmental gas concentration information collected by the collection module in the monitoring area within the preset time period is sent to the tunnel processing center module, so that the tunnel processing center module can fully analyze the environmental gas in the tunnel, effectively reducing the load on the Internet of Things transmission module and the tunnel processing center module during the transmission process, reducing the amount of data that the tunnel processing center module needs to process, and reducing the risk of possible failures during the operation of the tunnel processing center module.

[0079] In one embodiment, in step S3, the process of determining whether an early warning needs to be generated includes:

[0080] The tunnel processing center module analyzes the received ambient gas concentration information in each monitoring area to obtain the ambient gas concentration exceeding standard parameter H in each monitoring area within the preset time period. i,s ;

[0081] The ambient gas concentration exceeding the standard parameter H in each monitoring area within the preset time period i,s And preset ambient gas concentration exceeding the standard excessive warning parameter H i,std By comparison, the preset environmental gas concentration exceeding standard excessive warning parameter can be calculated based on the concentration parameters of various types of gases that cause a lot of harm to the human body in a short period of time;

[0082] If there is H i,s ≥H i,std , then an early warning signal is generated if the concentration of ambient gas in the corresponding monitoring area exceeds the standard by a large amount;

[0083] On the contrary, the ambient gas concentration information in the tunnel is further analyzed.

[0084] The process of obtaining the parameters of the ambient gas concentration exceeding the standard in each monitoring area within a preset time period includes:

[0085]

[0086] Q i,j =IF(E i,j >1,E i,j -1,0) (4)

[0087]

[0088] The parameter H of the ambient gas concentration exceeding the standard in the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period is obtained by analysis and calculation through formulas (3)-(5): i,s ;

[0089] Where M is the number of environmental gas categories, which can be obtained by selecting environmental gas categories that are harmful to the human body, j∈[1,M], Q i,j is the excess coefficient of the jth ambient gas concentration in the ith monitoring area, E i,j is the jth ambient gas concentration comparison coefficient in the ith monitoring area, Z j,std is the standard value of the jth ambient gas concentration, which can be determined and obtained according to local laws, regulations and safety standards.

[0090] The process of further analyzing the ambient gas concentration information in the tunnel includes:

[0091] The tunnel processing center module analyzes the ambient gas concentration information received in each monitoring area to obtain the actual air conversion rate R required to discharge the ambient gas with excessive concentration out of the tunnel. s ;

[0092] Based on the ventilation volume of the tunnel's ventilation module, the theoretical air conversion rate R that can be increased by the ventilation module under the existing ventilation volume is calculated. the ;

[0093] The actual air change rate R required to discharge the excessive concentration of ambient gas out of the tunnel s The theoretical air conversion rate R that can be increased under the existing ventilation volume the Make a comparison;

[0094] If R s ≥R the , then an early warning signal is generated that the ambient gas concentration in the tunnel exceeds the standard and cannot be discharged in time;

[0095] If R s <R the And R s >0, a signal is generated to control the ventilation module to increase the preset ventilation volume;

[0096] If R s =0, no signal is generated.

[0097] The process of obtaining the actual air conversion rate required to increase the concentration of ambient gas exceeding the standard to be discharged from the tunnel and the theoretical air conversion rate that can be increased under the existing ventilation volume includes:

[0098] All ambient gas concentration excess coefficients Q obtained by the tunnel processing center module analysis i,jCompare with each other to obtain the maximum value MAX{Q i,j};

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] The actual air conversion rate R required to discharge the excessive concentration of ambient gas out of the tunnel is obtained by analyzing and calculating formulas (6) and (7) respectively: s The theoretical air change rate R that can be increased under the existing ventilation volume the ;

[0102] in, is the coefficient of converting the excess coefficient of ambient gas concentration into the actual air conversion rate, which can be obtained based on the experiment of the excess coefficient of ambient gas concentration in the tunnel and the actual change rate. max is the maximum ventilation volume of the ventilation module, which can be obtained according to the ventilation parameters of the ventilation module, P s is the ventilation volume of the ventilation module at work, which can be obtained according to the ventilation module work control record; V is the space volume in the tunnel, which can be obtained according to the tunnel specification parameters.

[0103] The process of obtaining the preset ventilation volume includes:

[0104]

[0105] The preset ventilation volume ΔP is obtained by analytical calculation using formula (8).

[0106] Through the above technical scheme, this embodiment provides a method for fully analyzing the ambient gas concentration information in the tunnel. First, the ambient gas concentration information in each monitoring area is analyzed to obtain the ambient gas concentration exceeding standard parameters in each monitoring area within a preset time period, and the parameters are compared with the preset ambient gas concentration exceeding standard excessive warning parameters. If there is any monitoring area whose ambient gas concentration exceeding standard parameters within the preset time period are greater than or equal to the preset ambient gas concentration exceeding standard excessive warning parameters, it means that there are too many gases with excessive concentration in the tunnel, which can cause a lot of harm to the human body in a short time, and then a warning signal of a large excess of ambient gas concentration in the corresponding monitoring area is generated. On the contrary, the actual air conversion rate that needs to be increased to discharge the ambient gas with excessive concentration into the tunnel is compared with the theoretical air conversion rate that can be increased under the existing ventilation volume. If the actual air conversion rate that needs to be increased to discharge the ambient gas with excessive concentration into the tunnel is greater than or equal to the theoretical air conversion rate that can be increased under the existing ventilation volume, In terms of the air conversion rate, it means that the concentration of the gas with excessive concentration in the tunnel is increasing too fast, and a warning signal is generated that the ambient gas with excessive concentration in the tunnel cannot be discharged in time. If the actual air conversion rate required to discharge the ambient gas with excessive concentration from the tunnel is less than the theoretical air conversion rate that can be increased under the existing ventilation volume, and the actual air conversion rate required to discharge the ambient gas with excessive concentration from the tunnel is greater than zero, it means that increasing the ventilation volume of the ventilation module can quickly discharge the ambient gas with excessive concentration, and a signal is generated to control the ventilation module to increase the preset ventilation volume. If the actual air conversion rate required to discharge the ambient gas with excessive concentration from the tunnel is equal to zero, it means that the concentration of all ambient gases in the tunnel is within the standard, and no signal is generated. In this way, the ambient gas concentration information in the tunnel can be fully analyzed through the tunnel processing center module, and the corresponding warning signal is generated according to different ambient gas concentration states, and the ventilation volume of the tunnel ventilation module is adaptively adjusted.

[0107] See also Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, an environmental gas monitoring system is provided, the system is used in an environmental gas monitoring method, the system comprising:

[0108] A collection module is used to collect the ambient gas concentration information in each monitoring area in the tunnel;

[0109] The edge computing module is used to perform preliminary analysis on the ambient gas concentration information collected by the collection module in the corresponding monitoring area in the tunnel, and transmit the ambient gas concentration information in the corresponding monitoring area to the tunnel processing center module;

[0110] The tunnel processing center module is used to analyze the ambient gas concentration information transmitted by the edge computing modules corresponding to each monitoring area in the tunnel, and determine whether it is necessary to generate an early warning signal and control the ventilation module to increase the ventilation volume signal;

[0111] Ventilation module, used to exchange air in the tunnel with outside air;

[0112] The early warning control module is used to execute the early warning signal generated by the tunnel processing center module and control the ventilation module to increase the ventilation volume.

[0113] Through the above-mentioned technical method, this embodiment provides an environmental gas monitoring system, which includes an acquisition module, an edge technology module, a tunnel processing center module, a ventilation module, and an early warning control module, and is used in an environmental gas monitoring method. The edge computing module performs a preliminary analysis on the environmental gas concentration information in the tunnel collected by the acquisition module, and determines whether to immediately send the collected environmental gas concentration information in the tunnel to the tunnel processing center module, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the workload of the Internet of Things transmission module and the tunnel processing center module. Then, the tunnel processing center module fully analyzes the received environmental gas concentration information, so as to achieve the purpose of generating corresponding early warning signals and adaptively adjusting the ventilation volume of the tunnel ventilation module according to different environmental gas concentration states.

[0114] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring environmental gases, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1. Collecting the environmental gas concentration information of each monitoring area in the tunnel through the collection module; S2. Perform a preliminary analysis on the collected ambient gas concentration information through the edge computing module to determine whether the collected ambient gas concentration information needs to be immediately transmitted to the tunnel processing center module; S3, analyzing and processing the received ambient gas concentration information through the tunnel processing center module to determine whether it is necessary to generate an early warning signal and control the ventilation module to increase the ventilation volume signal; In step S2, the process of determining whether the collected ambient gas concentration information needs to be immediately transmitted to the tunnel processing center module includes: The tunnel is provided with N monitoring areas, each of which is provided with an edge computing module and a collection module; The i-th edge computing module analyzes the ambient gas concentration information collected in its corresponding monitoring area and obtains the ambient gas concentration change parameter W of the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period. i,s ; The environmental gas concentration change parameter W of the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period is i,s and preset critical change parameter W of ambient gas concentration i,std Make a comparison; If W i,s ≥W i,std , the ambient gas concentration information collected by the collection module in the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period is immediately sent to the tunnel processing center module, and the ambient gas concentration information within the next preset time period is preprocessed by the i-th edge computing module; If W i,s <W i,std , the i-th edge computing module pre-processes the ambient gas concentration information within the next preset time period, and sends the ambient gas concentration information collected by the collection module in the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period to the tunnel processing center module at a preset frequency; In step S3, the process of determining whether an early warning needs to be generated includes: The tunnel processing center module analyzes the received ambient gas concentration information in each monitoring area to obtain the ambient gas concentration exceeding standard parameter H in each monitoring area within the preset time period. i,s ; The ambient gas concentration exceeding the standard parameter H in each monitoring area within the preset time period i,s And preset ambient gas concentration exceeding the standard excessive warning parameter H i,std Make a comparison; If there is H i,s ≥H i,std , then an early warning signal is generated if the concentration of ambient gas in the corresponding monitoring area exceeds the standard by a large amount; On the contrary, the ambient gas concentration information in the tunnel is further analyzed.

2. The environmental gas monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the ambient gas concentration change parameter of the i-th monitoring area within a preset time period includes: The ambient gas concentration change parameter W of the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period is obtained by analyzing and calculating formula (1)-(2): i,s ; Among them, [t a ,t b ] is the preset time period, ΔG i,j is the characteristic value of the change of the jth environmental gas in the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period, ω j is the weight coefficient of the jth environmental gas, G i,j (t) is the curve of the jth ambient gas concentration changing with time in the ith monitoring area, G i,j (t a ) is the jth ambient gas concentration in the ith monitoring area at t a The value at the time node.

3. The environmental gas monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the parameters of the ambient gas concentration exceeding the standard in each monitoring area within a preset time period includes: Q i,j =IF(E i,j >1,E i,j -1,0) (4) The parameter H of the ambient gas concentration exceeding the standard in the i-th monitoring area within the preset time period is obtained by analysis and calculation through formulas (3)-(5): i,s ; Where M is the number of categories of ambient gases, j∈[1,M], Q i,j is the excess coefficient of the jth ambient gas concentration in the ith monitoring area, E i,j is the jth ambient gas concentration comparison coefficient in the ith monitoring area, Z j,std is the standard value of the jth ambient gas concentration.

4. The environmental gas monitoring method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of further analyzing the ambient gas concentration information in the tunnel includes: The tunnel processing center module analyzes the ambient gas concentration information received in each monitoring area to obtain the actual air conversion rate R required to discharge the ambient gas with excessive concentration out of the tunnel. s ; Based on the ventilation volume of the tunnel's ventilation module, the theoretical air conversion rate R that can be increased by the ventilation module under the existing ventilation volume is calculated. the ; The actual air change rate R required to discharge the excessive concentration of ambient gas out of the tunnel s The theoretical air conversion rate R that can be increased under the existing ventilation volume the Make a comparison; If R s ≥R the , then an early warning signal is generated that the ambient gas concentration in the tunnel exceeds the standard and cannot be discharged in time; If R s <R the And R s >0, a signal is generated to control the ventilation module to increase the preset ventilation volume; If R s =0, no signal is generated.

5. The environmental gas monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the actual air conversion rate required to increase the concentration of ambient gas exceeding the standard to be discharged from the tunnel and the theoretical air conversion rate that can be increased under the existing ventilation volume includes: The excess coefficient Q of all ambient gas concentrations obtained by the tunnel processing center module i,j Compare with each other to obtain the maximum value MAX{Q i,j }; The actual air conversion rate R required to discharge the excessive concentration of ambient gas out of the tunnel is obtained by analyzing and calculating formulas (6) and (7) respectively: s The theoretical air change rate R that can be increased under the existing ventilation volume the ; in, P is the coefficient for converting the excess coefficient of ambient gas concentration into the actual air conversion rate. max is the maximum ventilation volume of the ventilation module, P s is the ventilation volume of the working ventilation module, and V is the volume of the space in the tunnel.

6. The environmental gas monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the preset ventilation volume includes: The preset ventilation volume ΔP is obtained by analytical calculation using formula (8).

7. An environmental gas monitoring system, characterized in that: The system is used for an environmental gas monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the system comprises: A collection module is used to collect the ambient gas concentration information in each monitoring area in the tunnel; The edge computing module is used to perform preliminary analysis on the ambient gas concentration information collected by the collection module in the corresponding monitoring area in the tunnel, and transmit the ambient gas concentration information in the corresponding monitoring area to the tunnel processing center module; The tunnel processing center module is used to analyze the ambient gas concentration information transmitted by the edge computing modules corresponding to each monitoring area in the tunnel, and determine whether it is necessary to generate an early warning signal and control the ventilation module to increase the ventilation volume signal; Ventilation module, used to exchange air in the tunnel with outside air; The early warning control module is used to execute the early warning signal generated by the tunnel processing center module and control the signal of the ventilation module to increase the ventilation volume.

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