Photovoltaic module, lamination tool for manufacturing a photovoltaic module and lamination method

Abstract

The application discloses a photovoltaic module, a laminating tool for preparing the photovoltaic module and a laminating method. The photovoltaic module comprises a first cover plate, a first encapsulation layer, a cell layer, a second encapsulation layer and a second cover plate which are stacked in sequence. The first cover plate is located on a solar direct radiation surface of the photovoltaic module. The first cover plate and / or the second cover plate comprises a central region and an edge region surrounding the central region. The central region close to the cell layer is recessed to form a containing cavity on an outer surface of the photovoltaic module. A normal projection of the cell layer on the solar direct radiation surface is located in a normal projection of the central region on the solar direct radiation surface. The edge region of the first cover plate and / or the second cover plate comprises a plurality of channels. In a direction of the edge region pointing to the central region, the channels penetrate through the edge region and are communicated with the containing cavity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and more particularly, to a photovoltaic module, a laminating tool for manufacturing the photovoltaic module and a laminating method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Solar energy is a new renewable energy, which has the characteristics of unlimited reserves, free use, no waste water and waste residue pollutants during use, and green environmental protection. Solar photovoltaic modules can utilize the solar energy to convert into electric energy. The photovoltaic industry is developing very rapidly today. The photovoltaic modules in the prior art are packaged with a rubber film on the periphery. When the photovoltaic module is operated outdoors for a long time, water vapor enters the rubber film through the silicone. The solder strip, cell paste and packaging rubber film of the photovoltaic module are in contact, and in the case of water vapor surrounding, Ag, Cu, Sn and Pb metals will be electrochemically corroded, which reduces the reliability and power generation effect of the photovoltaic module.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to provide a photovoltaic module capable of improving the reliability and power generation effect. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a photovoltaic module, a laminating tool for manufacturing the photovoltaic module and a laminating method, so as to reduce the contact area between the rubber film and water vapor, and improve the reliability and power generation effect of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] In one aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a first cover plate, a first encapsulation layer, a cell layer, a second encapsulation layer and a second cover plate which are stacked in sequence, the first cover plate is located on the solar direct radiation surface of the photovoltaic module, wherein,

[0006] The first cover plate and / or the second cover plate comprises a central region and an edge region surrounding the central region, and the central region close to the cell layer side is recessed to form a containing cavity towards the outer surface of the photovoltaic module, and the orthographic projection of the cell layer on the solar direct radiation surface is located within the orthographic projection of the central region on the solar direct radiation surface.

[0007] The edge region of the first cover plate and / or the second cover plate comprises a plurality of channels, and the channels penetrate through the edge region and communicate with the containing cavity in the direction of the edge region pointing to the central region.

[0008] In another aspect, the present application further provides a laminating tool for manufacturing the above-mentioned photovoltaic module, the laminating tool is a H-shaped structure, and the opening of the H-shaped structure faces the outer edge of the laminated photovoltaic module.

[0009] In another aspect, the present application further provides a laminating method for manufacturing the above-mentioned photovoltaic module, comprising

[0010] Taking a photovoltaic module to be laminated;

[0011] The laminating device is arranged at least one edge of the photovoltaic module to be laminated;

[0012] The photovoltaic module to be laminated is laminated while vacuumizing through the channel.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic module, the laminating device for preparing the photovoltaic module and the laminating method provided by the present application at least achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0014] In the photovoltaic module, the first cover plate and / or the second cover plate are subjected to slotting treatment, so that the center of the first cover plate and / or the second cover plate is recessed to form a containing cavity towards the outer surface of the photovoltaic module, and the cell sheet layer is placed in the containing cavity, and the orthographic projection of the cell sheet layer on the solar direct surface is located within the orthographic projection of the center area on the solar direct surface, which can reduce the contact area between the first encapsulating layer and / or the second encapsulating layer and the outside world, reduce the risk of water vapor entering, better protect the cells and prolong the service life of the photovoltaic module; meanwhile, a plurality of channels are formed in the edge area, the channels are communicated between the edge area and the containing cavity, and when the encapsulating glue is arranged on the upper and lower sides of the cell sheet layer for laminating, the water vapor between the cell sheet layer and the encapsulating glue film and between the encapsulating glue film and the cover plate can be discharged through the channels for vacuumizing, which reduces the contact between the water vapor and the cell sheet layer, better protects the cells and prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0015] Of course, it is not necessary for any product implementing the present application to achieve all the technical effects mentioned above at the same time.

[0016] Other features of the present application, and their advantages, will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a planar structure of a photovoltaic module shown in the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a sectional view in the direction of A-A' in the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 is Figure 1 is another sectional view in the direction of A-A' in the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 is Figure 1 is another sectional view in the direction of A-A' in the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a perspective structure of a first cover plate or a second cover plate according to the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the combination of the first cover plate and the second cover plate according to the present application; Figure 2

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the adhesive film in the prior art when making a photovoltaic module;

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the adhesive film according to the present application when making a photovoltaic module;

[0026] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the combination of the first cover plate and the second cover plate according to the present application; Figure 1

[0027] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the combination of the first cover plate and the second cover plate according to the present application; Figure 1

[0028] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a laminating tooling according to the present application;

[0029] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a laminating tooling in the prior art;

[0030] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a laminating method for making a photovoltaic module according to the present application;

[0031] wherein 100 - photovoltaic module, 10 - first cover plate, 20 - first encapsulation layer, 30 - cell layer, 301 - cell, 40 - second encapsulation layer, 50 - second cover plate, 1 - first busbar, 2 - solder strip, 60 - central region, 70 - edge region, 80 - accommodation cavity, 90 - channel, 3 - encapsulation edge, 4 - laminating tooling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangements, numerical expressions, and numerical values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments are not limiting to the scope of the present application unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0033] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way limiting to the scope of the application or its applications or uses.

[0034] Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail herein. However, where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered as falling within the scope of the disclosure.

[0035] ​​​In all of the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values.

[0036] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items throughout the several views of the drawings, and thus a discussion of the same throughout the several views is not necessary.

[0037] Referring to Figures 1 to 4 A specific embodiment of the present application is described, Figure 1 is a schematic view of a planar structure of a photovoltaic module shown in the present application; Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a sectional view in the direction of A-A' in Figure 3 is Figure 1 is another sectional view in the direction of A-A' in Figure 4 is Figure 1 is another sectional view in the direction of A-A' in the present embodiment. The photovoltaic module 100 provided by the present embodiment includes a first cover plate 10, a first encapsulation layer 20, a cell layer 30, a second encapsulation layer 40 and a second cover plate 50 which are stacked in sequence, and the first cover plate 10 is located on the solar direct surface of the photovoltaic module 100;

[0038] The first cover plate 10 and / or the second cover plate 50 includes a central region 60 and an edge region 70 surrounding the central region 60, and the central region 60 close to the side of the cell layer 30 is recessed to form a receiving cavity 80 on the outer surface of the photovoltaic module, and the orthographic projection of the cell layer 30 on the solar direct surface is located within the orthographic projection of the central region 60 on the solar direct surface;

[0039] The edge region 70 of the first cover plate 10 and / or the second cover plate 50 includes a plurality of channels 90, and the channels 90 pass through the edge region 70 and communicate with the receiving cavity 80 in the direction of the edge region 70 pointing to the central region 60.

[0040] Specifically, the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 50 can well protect the battery piece layer 30. Optionally, the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 50 can be transparent glass, or the first cover plate 10 is glass and the second cover plate 50 is a back plate, and the back plate adopts a structure design of fluorine film / PET layer / inner coating layer, and the PET layer in the middle determines the water vapor / air barrier property of the back plate. The first encapsulation layer 20 and the second encapsulation layer 40 are respectively located on the first surface and the second surface of the battery piece layer 30, and encapsulate the battery piece layer 30, and the main function is to protect the battery piece 301, prevent water and oxygen from entering to cause the battery string in the battery piece layer 30 to fail, and encapsulate it into a photovoltaic module that can output direct current. Of course, the first surface and the second surface are relative, the first cover plate 10 is located on the solar direct irradiation surface of the photovoltaic module, and for a single-sided module, the first surface is the sunlight direct irradiation surface, and the second surface is the backlight surface, that is, the second cover plate 50 is located on the backlight surface of the photovoltaic module 100, and for a double-sided module, the first surface is the sunlight direct irradiation surface, and the second surface is the sunlight reflection surface, and the second cover plate 50 is located on the solar reflection surface of the photovoltaic module.

[0041] The battery piece layer 30 includes a plurality of battery strings, and the arrangement of the battery strings can have various possible embodiments. This embodiment only takes three strings in two parallel as an example for illustrative description. The upper and lower sides of the first bus bar 1 are respectively three series-connected battery strings, and the upper three battery strings and the lower three battery strings are connected in parallel. The number of battery pieces 301 in each battery string Figure 1 Only for illustrative description, and no specific limitation is made here. It should be noted that the arrangement of the battery strings can also be other ways, for example, the battery pieces 301 are connected in series only for one battery string, and no specific limitation is made here. Figure 1 Only two adjacent battery pieces 301 can have a certain interval, and the two adjacent battery pieces 301 are electrically connected through the welding strip 2, and the end of the welding strip 2 is overlapped with the first bus bar 1 to realize electrical connection. Optionally, the two adjacent battery pieces 301 can have no interval or the edges of the two adjacent battery pieces 301 are overlapped, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0042] Generally, the areas of the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 50 are equal, that is, in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, the projection areas of the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 50 are coincident. In the prior art, the first cover plate and the second cover plate are both flat, and during lamination, the encapsulation adhesive film is respectively covered on the battery piece layer, and the battery piece layer is encapsulated by heating and laminating. The battery piece layer is regarded as a thin cuboid, and since the encapsulation adhesive film completely covers the six surfaces of the battery piece layer, even if the cover plate is arranged on the side away from the battery piece layer of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer, the contact area of the encapsulation adhesive film with water vapor is still large, and Ag, Cu, Sn and Pb metals will be electrochemically corroded, thereby reducing the reliability and power generation effect of the photovoltaic module.

[0043] In the present application, the first cover plate 10 and / or the second cover plate 50 comprises a central region 60 and an edge region 70 surrounding the central region 60, and the central region 60 close to the side of the cell sheet layer 30 is recessed to form a receiving cavity 80 on the outer surface of the photovoltaic module, that is, the central region 60 of the first cover plate 10 and / or the second cover plate 50 is slotted, and the orthographic projection of the cell sheet layer 30 on the sun's direct surface is within the orthographic projection of the central region 60 on the sun's direct surface. Optionally, as shown in Figure 2 In the present application, the central region 60 close to the side of the cell sheet layer 30 of the first cover plate 10 is recessed to form a receiving cavity 80 on the first surface of the photovoltaic module, and the side close to the cell sheet layer 30 of the second cover plate 50 is flat, Figure 3 In the present application, the side close to the cell sheet layer 30 of the first cover plate 10 is flat, and the central region 60 close to the side of the cell sheet layer 30 of the second cover plate 50 is recessed to form a receiving cavity 80 on the second surface of the photovoltaic module, Figure 4 In the present application, the central region 60 close to the side of the cell sheet layer 30 of the first cover plate 10 is recessed to form a receiving cavity 80 on the first surface of the photovoltaic module 100, and the central region 60 close to the side of the cell sheet layer 30 of the second cover plate 50 is recessed to form a receiving cavity 80 on the second surface of the photovoltaic module. The cell sheet layer 30 is located in the receiving cavity 80, and when laminating, the first encapsulation layer 20 is located on the side of the cell sheet layer 30 close to the sun's direct surface of the photovoltaic module, and the second encapsulation layer 40 is located on the side of the cell sheet layer 30 away from the sun's direct surface of the photovoltaic module 100. Since the cell sheet layer 30 is located in the receiving cavity 80, the contact area between the first encapsulation layer 20 and / or the second encapsulation layer 40 and water vapor is reduced during lamination, thereby better protecting the cell sheet layer 30 and prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the central region 60 close to the side of the cell sheet layer 30 of the first cover plate 10 is recessed to form a receiving cavity 80 on the first surface of the photovoltaic module 100, and the central region 60 close to the side of the cell sheet layer 30 of the second cover plate 50 is recessed to form a receiving cavity 80 on the second surface of the photovoltaic module 100. This case is that the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 50 are double-slotted, and the double-slotted can reduce the mutual displacement of the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 50 to a certain extent, and improve the stability during lamination.

[0044] At the same time, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first cover plate or the second cover plate according to the present application; Figure 6 is a sectional view of the combination of the first cover plate and the second cover plate according to Figure 2 . Figure 5 In the present application, the edge region 70 of the first cover plate 10 comprises a plurality of channels 90, and the channels 90 pass through the edge region 70 of the first cover plate 10 and communicate with the receiving cavity 80 in the direction of the edge region 70 pointing to the central region 60; Figure 5 and Figure 6In some alternative embodiments, the edge area 70 of the second cover plate 50 comprises a plurality of channels 90, which penetrate the edge area 70 of the second cover plate 50 and communicate with the accommodating cavity 80 in the direction of the edge area 70 pointing to the central area 60; in some alternative embodiments, the edge area 70 of the first cover plate 10 comprises a channel 90, which penetrates the edge area 70 of the first cover plate 10 and communicates with the accommodating cavity 80 in the direction of the edge area 70 pointing to the central area 60, while the edge area 70 of the second cover plate 50 comprises a plurality of channels 90, which penetrate the edge area 70 of the second cover plate 50 and communicate with the accommodating cavity 80 in the direction of the edge area 70 pointing to the central area 60.

[0045] The channels 90 can be used as channels for vacuumizing during lamination, and can be used to extract water vapor between the battery piece layer 30 and the first encapsulation layer 20, between the battery piece layer 30 and the second encapsulation layer 40, between the first encapsulation layer 20 and the first cover plate 10, and between the second encapsulation layer 40 and the second cover plate 50, so as to maintain a vacuum environment, thereby further reducing the contact area of the first encapsulation layer 20 and / or the second encapsulation layer 40 with water vapor, and better protecting the battery piece layer 30 and prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0046] In the present application, the first cover plate 10 and / or the second cover plate 50 comprises a central area 60 and an edge area 70 surrounding the central area 60, and the central area 60 close to the side of the battery piece layer 30 is recessed to form an accommodating cavity 80 on the outer surface of the photovoltaic module, and the orthographic projection of the battery piece layer 30 on the sun direct surface is within the orthographic projection of the central area 60 on the sun direct surface, and the edge area 70 of the first cover plate 10 and / or the second cover plate 50 comprises a plurality of channels 90, which penetrate the edge area 70 and communicate with the accommodating cavity 80 in the direction of the edge area 70 pointing to the central area 60, thereby greatly reducing the contact area of the first encapsulation layer 20 and / or the second encapsulation layer 40 with water vapor, and better protecting the battery piece layer 30 and prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0047] In some alternative embodiments, continuing to refer to Figures 2 to 4 , when the central area 60 of the first cover plate 10 or the second cover plate 50 forms the accommodating cavity 80, the depth of the accommodating cavity 80 is 0.5mm-1.2mm;

[0048] Or, when the central area 60 of the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 50 both form the accommodating cavity 80, the depth of the accommodating cavity 80 is 0.25mm-0.6mm.

[0049] It should be noted that the depth of the accommodating cavity 80 cannot be too large, otherwise it will affect the strength of the first cover plate 10 and / or the second cover plate 50, and it is appropriate to be able to accommodate the battery piece layer 30.

[0050] Optionally, as Figure 2As shown, the central region 60 of the first cover plate 10 forms a receiving cavity 80, which is suitable for accommodating the first encapsulation layer 20, the front solder ribbon 2, the cell sheet layer 30, and the back solder ribbon 2. According to the thickness of the cell sheet layer 30, the depth of the receiving cavity 80 is 0.5mm-1.2mm, for example, it can be 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, or 1.2mm.

[0051] Optionally, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the central region 60 of the second cover plate 50 forms a receiving cavity 80, which is suitable for accommodating the front solder ribbon 2, the cell sheet layer 30, the back solder ribbon 2, and the second encapsulation layer 40. According to the thickness of the cell sheet layer 30, the depth of the receiving cavity 80 is 0.5mm-1.2mm, for example, it can be 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, or 1.2mm.

[0052] Optionally, as shown in Figure 4 As shown, the central region 60 of the first cover plate 10 and the central region 60 of the second cover plate 50 both form a receiving cavity 80, so that the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 50 together form a large receiving cavity 80. Along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module 100, the sum of the heights of the receiving cavity 80 of the first cover plate 10 and the receiving cavity 80 of the second cover plate 50 is suitable for accommodating the first encapsulation layer 20, the front solder ribbon 2, the cell sheet layer 30, the back solder ribbon 2, and the second encapsulation layer 40. According to the thickness of the cell sheet layer 30, the depth of the receiving cavity 80 of the first cover plate 10 is 0.25mm-0.6mm, for example, it can be 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, or 0.6mm, and the depth of the receiving cavity 80 of the second cover plate 50 is 0.25mm-0.6mm, for example, it can be 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, or 0.6mm.

[0053] Therefore, the cell sheet layer 30 can be placed in the receiving cavity 80, reducing the contact area between the first encapsulation layer 20 and / or the second encapsulation layer 40 and water vapor, thereby protecting the cell sheet layer 30 and prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0054] In some optional embodiments, continuing to refer to Figures 2 to 4 and referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 When the central region 60 of the first cover plate 10 or the central region 60 of the second cover plate 50 forms a receiving cavity 80, the height of the channel 90 along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module 100 is 0.5mm-1.2mm.

[0055] Alternatively, the central region 60 of the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 50 each forms the accommodating cavity 80, and the height of the channel 90 along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module 100 is 0.25mm-0.6mm.

[0056] It can be understood that the cross-sectional shape of the channel 90 is not specifically limited here, and the channel 90 can be open, for example Figure 5 and Figure 6 as shown in FIG. 1B, a semicircular structure, or the channel 90 can be closed, that is, the cross-section of the channel 90 is circular, square, oval, star-shaped, or irregular, which is not specifically limited here.

[0057] Optionally, Figure 5 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1B, the central region 60 of the first cover plate 10 forms the accommodating cavity 80, and the height of the channel 90 along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module 100 is 0.5mm-1.2mm, for example, it can be 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, or 1.2mm. In this way, the height of the channel 90 is substantially equal to the height of the accommodating cavity 80, which ensures that during lamination, the water vapor between the cell sheet layer 30 and the first encapsulation layer 20, the cell sheet layer 30 and the second encapsulation layer 40, and the first encapsulation layer 20 and the first cover plate 10, and the second encapsulation layer 40 and the second cover plate 50 can be extracted through the channel 90, maintaining a vacuum environment, thereby further reducing the contact area of the first encapsulation layer 20 and / or the second encapsulation layer 40 with the water vapor, thereby better protecting the cell sheet layer 30 and prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0058] Optionally, Figure 6 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1B, the central region 60 of the first cover plate 10 forms the accommodating cavity 80, and the height of the channel 90 along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module 100 is 0.5mm-1.2mm, for example, it can be 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, or 1.2mm. In this way, the height of the channel 90 is substantially equal to the height of the accommodating cavity 80, which ensures that during lamination, the water vapor between the cell sheet layer 30 and the first encapsulation layer 20, the cell sheet layer 30 and the second encapsulation layer 40, and the first encapsulation layer 20 and the first cover plate 10, and the second encapsulation layer 40 and the second cover plate 50 can be extracted through the channel 90, maintaining a vacuum environment, thereby further reducing the contact area of the first encapsulation layer 20 and / or the second encapsulation layer 40 with the water vapor, thereby better protecting the cell sheet layer 30 and prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0059] Optionally, when the central area 60 of the first cover plate 10 and the central area 60 of the second cover plate 50 are both formed with the accommodating cavity 80, the height of the channel 90 along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module 100 is 0.25mm-0.6mm, for example, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm or 0.6mm. In this way, the height of the channel 90 on the first cover plate 10 plus the height of the channel 90 on the second cover plate 50 is substantially equal to the height of the accommodating cavity 80 of the first cover plate 10 plus the height of the accommodating cavity 80 of the second cover plate 50, which ensures that the water vapor between the cell layer 30 and the first encapsulation layer 20, the cell layer 30 and the second encapsulation layer 40, the first encapsulation layer 20 and the first cover plate 10, and the second encapsulation layer 40 and the second cover plate 50 can be extracted through the channel 90 during lamination, thereby maintaining a vacuum environment, which further reduces the contact area between the first encapsulation layer 20 and / or the second encapsulation layer 40 and the water vapor, thereby better protecting the cell layer 30 and prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0060] In some optional embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 5 , the adjacent channels 90 have a spacing, and the width of the spacing in the direction from one channel 90 to the adjacent channel 90 is m, and the width of the channel 90 is n, m≥n.

[0061] It can be understood that the spacing between the channels 90 cannot be too small, otherwise it is not conducive to the manufacture of the channels 90, and of course the spacing cannot be too large, otherwise the number of channels 90 will be reduced, and the efficiency of discharging water vapor will be reduced. In the present embodiment, the width m of the spacing is greater than or equal to the width of the channel 90.

[0062] In some optional embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 5 , n is 1.0mm-2.4mm.

[0063] For example, n can be 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm or 2.4 mm. In one aspect, the width n of the channel 90 cannot be too small, if n is too small, it is not conducive to vacuumizing during lamination, if n is too large, in order to ensure the total cross-sectional area of the channel 90, the spacing between two adjacent channels 90 in the edge area 70 is reduced, thereby increasing the difficulty of manufacturing. In the embodiment, n is 1.0 mm-2.4 mm, that is, the total area of the channel 90 can be ensured, and the manufacturing difficulty is not increased.

[0064] It should be noted that the photovoltaic module includes a long side oppositely arranged along a first direction and a short side oppositely arranged along a second direction, for the present application, the channel can be arranged on the long side or the short side, which is not limited here.

[0065] In some optional embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the photovoltaic module 100 includes a long side oppositely arranged along a first direction X and a short side oppositely arranged along a second direction Y, wherein the cell piece 301 is a main grid-free cell piece 301, and the channel 90 is located at least on one side of the short side.

[0066] In some optional embodiments, for the main grid-free cell piece 301, the channel 90 can be located on one side of the short side, or the channel 90 can be located on the short side and the long side.

[0067] For the main grid-free cell piece 301, during lamination, the pressure applied in the long side direction is greater than that in the short side direction, referring to Figure 7 , Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the adhesive film during the manufacture of the photovoltaic module in the prior art, which causes the adhesive film and the gas to flow and discharge along the long side direction (i.e. the extension direction of the solder ribbon 2), as shown by the red arrow in Figure 7 , if the channel is arranged only on the long side, the path of the gas discharge will deviate from the extension direction of the solder ribbon 2, causing the solder ribbon 2 to deviate from the cell piece 301 and be detached. In the present application, the channel 90 is arranged at least on the short side, referring to Figure 8 , Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the adhesive film during the manufacture of the photovoltaic module in the present application, and the path of the gas discharge will be consistent with the extension direction of the solder ribbon 2, as shown by the red arrow in Figure 8The red arrows in the diagram reduce the risk of solder ribbon 2 shifting from the cell 301 and detaching. For the gridless cell 301, channels 90 are provided on both the short and long sides, allowing a certain amount of moisture to escape from the long side, further improving the vacuum environment and reducing the contact area between the first encapsulation layer 20 and / or the second encapsulation layer 40 and moisture. This better protects the cell layer 30 and extends the lifespan of the photovoltaic module.

[0068] In some alternative embodiments, reference continues to be made to... Figure 2 The first cover plate 10 includes a receiving cavity 80, the second cover plate 50 is flat on the side near the battery cell layer 30, the first encapsulation layer 20 is located only in the receiving cavity 80, and the second encapsulation layer 40 has the same area as the second cover plate 50.

[0069] In some alternative embodiments, reference continues to be made to... Figure 3 The second cover plate 50 includes a receiving cavity 80. The side of the first cover plate 10 closest to the battery cell layer 30 is flat. The second encapsulation layer 40 has the same area as the first cover plate 10 and is located only within the receiving cavity 80.

[0070] Reference Figure 4 and reference Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 9 yes Figure 1 Another cross-sectional view along the A-A' direction. Figure 10 yes Figure 1 Another cross-sectional view along the A-A' direction.

[0071] In some alternative embodiments, refer to Figure 9 When both the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 50 include a receiving cavity 80, the area of ​​the first encapsulation layer 20 is equal to that of the first cover plate 10, and the thickness of the portion of the first encapsulation layer 20 corresponding to the receiving cavity 80 is greater than the thickness of the portion of the first encapsulation layer 20 corresponding to the edge region 70, and the second encapsulation layer 40 is located only within the receiving cavity 80; or, refer to Figure 4 The first encapsulation layer 20 and the second encapsulation layer 40 are located only within the accommodating cavity 80, corresponding to the edge region 70, and an encapsulation edge 3 is provided between the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 50; or, refer to Figure 10 The first encapsulation layer 20 is located only within the accommodating cavity 80. The second encapsulation layer 40 has the same area as the second cover plate 50, and the thickness of the portion of the second encapsulation layer 40 corresponding to the accommodating cavity 80 is greater than the thickness of the portion of the second encapsulation layer 40 corresponding to the edge region 70.

[0072] Specifically, when both the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 50 have slots, the encapsulation layer can be laid out in the following ways: such as Figure 9As shown, the front surface is a whole adhesive film, the adhesive film at the middle slot position is relatively thick around the periphery, and the back surface is an adhesive film at the slot position. Figure 4 As shown, the front and back surfaces are a whole adhesive film at the middle slot position, and small adhesive film strips are laid around the periphery; the front surface is a whole adhesive film at the middle slot position, and the back surface uses a whole adhesive film with a size equal to the size of the outer edge of the glass, and the middle of the back surface adhesive film is thick and the periphery is thin.

[0073] Through the above several ways, the battery piece layer 30 can be packaged to protect the battery piece 301 and prevent water and oxygen from entering to cause the battery piece 301 in the battery piece layer 30 to fail.

[0074] Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a laminating tool 4 for the above-mentioned photovoltaic module 100, referring to Figure 11 , Figure 11 It is a laminating tool structure provided by the application, and the laminating tool 4 is a character-shaped structure, and the opening of the character-shaped structure faces the outer edge of the laminated photovoltaic module 100.

[0075] As shown in Figure 11 , the application provides a laminating tool 4, which is a character-shaped structure, Figure 11 Only the laminating tool 4 located at the long edge of the photovoltaic module 100 is taken as an example for illustrative description, and of course the laminating tool 4 can also be located at the short edge, which is not limited here.

[0076] The laminating tool 04 in the prior art is a cubic structure, referring to Figure 12 , Figure 12 It is a laminating tool 04 in the prior art, and the laminating tool 04 is located at the top corner of the photovoltaic module 100 during lamination. In the application, a channel 90 is provided for vacuumizing and discharging water vapor, and if the laminating tool in the prior art is still used, the solder strip will be offset or detached.

[0077] The laminating tool 4 in the application is a character-shaped structure, which is arranged along the edge of the photovoltaic module 100, and the opening of the character-shaped structure faces the outer edge of the laminated photovoltaic module 100, so that the water vapor can be discharged along the direction of the solder strip 2 during lamination, preventing the solder strip 2 from being offset or detached.

[0078] Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a laminating method for manufacturing the above-mentioned photovoltaic module 100, referring to Figure 13 , Figure 13 It is a laminating method flow chart for manufacturing a photovoltaic module provided by the application, which comprises

[0079] S1, taking a photovoltaic module to be laminated;

[0080] S2, arranging the laminating tool on at least one edge of the photovoltaic module to be laminated;

[0081] S3, laminating the photovoltaic module to be laminated while vacuumizing through the channel.

[0082] Specifically, in step S1, the photovoltaic module to be laminated includes a first cover plate 10, a first encapsulation layer 20, a cell layer 30, a second encapsulation layer 40 and a second cover plate 50, and when laid, the first cover plate 10 is laid first, then the first encapsulation layer 20 is laid, then the cell layer 30 is laid, then the second encapsulation layer 40 is laid, and finally the second cover plate 50 is laid.

[0083] In step S2, the laminating tool 4 can be placed on the two long edges of the photovoltaic module to be laminated, or the laminating tool 4 can be placed on the two long edges and the two short edges of the photovoltaic module to be laminated, which is not limited here. Since the long edges bear more stress during lamination, the laminating tool 4 is at least located at the long edge position.

[0084] In step S3, the photovoltaic module to be laminated is laminated while vacuumizing through the channel 90, so that the channel 90 serves as a channel for vacuumizing during lamination, and the water vapor between the cell layer 30 and the first encapsulation layer 20, the cell layer 30 and the second encapsulation layer 40, and the first encapsulation layer 20 and the first cover plate 10, and the second encapsulation layer 40 and the second cover plate 50 can be extracted through the channel 90 to maintain a vacuum environment, thereby further reducing the contact area between the first encapsulation layer 20 and / or the second encapsulation layer 40 and the water vapor, thereby better protecting the cell layer 30 and prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0085] In some optional embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 11 The photovoltaic module 100 includes long edges arranged opposite to each other along a first direction X and short edges arranged opposite to each other along a second direction Y, wherein the cell 301 is a main grid-free cell 301, and the laminating tool 4 is placed on the long edges of the photovoltaic module 100 to be laminated.

[0086] In the main grid-free technology, the laminating tool 4 applies a greater pressure in the long edge direction than in the short edge direction, which causes the adhesive film and the gas to flow and discharge in the long edge direction (the direction of the solder strip 2), thereby preventing the solder strip 2 from being offset or de-soldered.

[0087] From the above embodiments, it can be seen that the photovoltaic module, the laminating tool for preparing the photovoltaic module and the laminating method provided by the present application at least achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0088] The photovoltaic module of the present application is provided with a first cover plate and / or a second cover plate, which are subjected to slotting treatment, so that the center of the first cover plate and / or the second cover plate is recessed to form a containing cavity towards the outer surface of the photovoltaic module, and the cell layer is placed in the containing cavity, and the orthographic projection of the cell layer on the sun direct surface is located in the center area within the orthographic projection of the sun direct surface, which can reduce the contact area between the first encapsulation layer and / or the second encapsulation layer and the outside world, reduce the risk of water vapor entering, better protect the cells, and prolong the service life of the photovoltaic module; meanwhile, a plurality of channels are formed in the edge area, the channels are communicated between the edge area and the containing cavity, and when the encapsulation glue is arranged on the upper and lower sides of the cell layer for lamination, the channels can be used for exhausting and vacuumizing, so that the water vapor between the cell layer and the encapsulation glue film and between the encapsulation glue film and the cover plate is exhausted, the contact between the water vapor and the cell layer is reduced, the cells are better protected, and the service life of the photovoltaic module is prolonged.

[0089] Although some specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration, but not for limiting the scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module comprises a first cover plate, a first encapsulation layer, a cell layer, a second encapsulation layer, and a second cover plate stacked sequentially. The first cover plate is located on the solar-facing surface of the photovoltaic module. The first cover plate and / or the second cover plate include a central region and an edge region surrounding the central region. The central region, closer to the cell layer, is recessed towards the outer surface of the photovoltaic module to form a receiving cavity. The orthographic projection of the cell layer onto the solar-facing surface is located within the orthographic projection of the central region onto the solar-facing surface. The edge region of the first cover plate and / or the second cover plate includes multiple channels. Along the direction from the edge region to the central region, the channels penetrate the edge region and communicate with the receiving cavity. The height of the channel is equal to the height of the accommodating cavity; There is a gap between adjacent channels, in the direction from one channel to the adjacent channel, the width of the gap is m, the width of the channel is n, and m≥n.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the central area of ​​the first cover plate or the second cover plate forms the receiving cavity, the depth of the receiving cavity is 0.5mm-1.2mm; or, when the central areas of both the first cover plate and the second cover plate form the receiving cavity, the depth of the receiving cavity is 0.25mm-0.6mm.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the central area of ​​the first cover plate or the second cover plate forms the accommodating cavity, the height of the channel along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module is 0.5mm-1.2mm; or, when the central areas of both the first cover plate and the second cover plate form the accommodating cavity, the height of the channel along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module is 0.25mm-0.6mm.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, n is 1.0mm-2.4mm.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a long side arranged opposite each other along the first direction and a short side arranged opposite each other along the second direction, wherein the cell layer includes cells, the cells are gridless cells, and the channel is located at least on one side of the short side.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cover plate includes the receiving cavity, the second cover plate is planar on the side near the battery cell layer, the first encapsulation layer is located only within the receiving cavity, and the area of ​​the second encapsulation layer is equal to that of the second cover plate; or, the second cover plate includes the receiving cavity, the first cover plate is planar on the side near the battery cell layer, the area of ​​the second encapsulation layer is equal to that of the first cover plate, and the second encapsulation layer is located only within the receiving cavity; or, when both the first and second cover plates include the receiving cavity, the area of ​​the first encapsulation layer is equal to that of the first cover plate, and the thickness of the portion of the first encapsulation layer corresponding to the receiving cavity is greater than the thickness of the portion of the first encapsulation layer corresponding to the edge region, and the second encapsulation layer is located only within the receiving cavity; or, the first and second encapsulation layers are located only within the receiving cavity, and an encapsulation edge is provided between the first cover plate and the second cover plate corresponding to the edge region; or, the first encapsulation layer is located only within the receiving cavity, the area of ​​the second encapsulation layer is equal to that of the second cover plate, and the thickness of the portion of the second encapsulation layer corresponding to the receiving cavity is greater than the thickness of the portion of the second encapsulation layer corresponding to the edge region.

7. A lamination tooling for manufacturing photovoltaic modules according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The lamination fixture has a U-shaped structure, with the opening of the U-shaped structure facing the outer edge of the laminated photovoltaic module.

8. A lamination method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method includes taking a photovoltaic module to be laminated; placing the laminating device of claim 7 on at least one side of the photovoltaic module to be laminated; and laminating the photovoltaic module to be laminated while simultaneously evacuating the vacuum through the channel.

9. The lamination method for manufacturing the photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a long side arranged opposite each other along the first direction and a short side arranged opposite each other along the second direction, wherein the solar cell is a grid-less solar cell, and the laminating device is located on the long side of the photovoltaic module to be laminated.

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