A high-power coaxial waveguide combiner and its combining method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer and a synthesis method thereof, belonging to the technical field of waveguide synthesis. It includes a connecting flange, the output end of the connecting flange is connected to the input end of a waveguide-to-coaxial converter cavity, and the output end of the synthesis main body is circumferentially and arrayedly connected with three groups of metal cylinders, and each group of metal cylinders is connected with a connector. Among them, the synthesis main body includes an annular column, a common metal column is installed at the closed end of the annular column, the open end of the annular column is connected with a cover plate, and the cover plate is provided with wave conversion ports having the same number as the connectors. The connectors are installed on the cover plate through the metal cylinders and are communicated with the wave conversion ports. Coupling holes are opened at the closed end of the annular column, and a synthesis space is formed under the cooperation of the hollow structure, the wave conversion ports and the coupling holes. In the present invention, the input signal is output from the waveguide port of the synthesis main body to the connector through the metal ridge impedance matching in the synthesis main body to form three-way signals, which can save costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of waveguide synthesis, and particularly relates to a high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer and a synthesis method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the actual production and application of radio frequency power amplifiers, in order to obtain a larger output power, a power synthesizer needs to be used in combination. The power synthesizer can combine the powers of multiple radio frequency signal sources together, thereby increasing the total output power. Traditional power synthesizer designs often use 2 to the Nth power of the number of paths, such as 2 paths or 4 paths, etc. However, in actual engineering, a three-way synthesizer is sometimes used, and the power requirement is relatively high. Because of the large insertion loss of traditional microstrip line synthesizers, it is difficult to achieve a relatively large power. Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer and a synthesis method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Object of the Invention: To provide a high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer and a synthesis method thereof, which solve the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] Technical Solution: A high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer and a synthesis method thereof include a connecting flange. The output end of the connecting flange is connected to the input end of a waveguide-to-coaxial converter cavity. The output end of the synthesis main body is circumferentially and arrayedly connected with three groups of metal cylinders, and each group of metal cylinders is connected with a connector. Among them, the synthesis main body includes an annular column. The annular column is a hollow structure with one end open. A coupling hole is opened at the closed end of the annular column, and a common metal column is installed in the coupling hole. The common metal column is connected to the waveguide-to-coaxial converter cavity. The open end of the annular column is connected to a cover plate. The cover plate is provided with wave conversion ports having the same number as the connectors. The connectors are installed on the wave conversion ports through the metal cylinders. The hollow structure inside the annular column, in cooperation with the wave conversion ports and the coupling holes, forms a synthesis space.

[0005] Preferably, the calculation formula for the depth of the annular column is as follows:

[0006]

[0007] In the formula, is the wavelength of the center frequency of the synthesizer, and b is the depth of the annular column;

[0008] The maximum radius of the annular column conforms to the calculation formula (1):

[0009] (1)

[0010] In the formula, is the maximum radius of the annular column, is the wavelength of the lowest frequency of the synthesizer.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the common metal column is calculated by formula (2) according to the passing power of the synthesizer:

[0012] (2)

[0013] In the formula: is the output power of the synthesizer, is the dielectric constant, is the diameter of the common metal column, is the electric field strength, is the outer diameter of the inner conductor.

[0014] Preferably, the wave-guide conversion cavity includes a wave-guide body, a waveguide cavity is opened in the wave-guide body, an upper metal ridge is arranged at the upper part of the waveguide cavity, a lower metal ridge is arranged at the lower part of the waveguide cavity, the lower metal ridge is in a stepped shape, the high step of the lower metal ridge is located at the output end of the waveguide cavity, the upper metal ridge and the lower metal ridge have the same thickness. Among them, the number of steps of the lower metal ridge is greater than the multiple of the operating frequency of the synthesizer, and the multiple of the operating frequency of the synthesizer is less than or equal to 4 times. A connection hole is opened at the step end of the lower metal ridge, a lead screw is arranged on the annular column, and the annular column is installed at the end of the wave-guide conversion cavity through the cooperation of the lead screw and the connection hole.

[0015] Preferably, the output end of the wave-guide body is provided with threaded holes having the same number as the connectors, and the annular column is installed at the output end of the wave-guide body through the cooperation of screws and the threaded holes.

[0016] Preferably, the inside of the annular column is integrally milled, and the surface roughness of its inner wall is less than Ra3.2, and the surface roughness of the metal cylinder is less than Ra1.6.

[0017] Preferably, the connector adopts a metal through-wall connector, and the wave conversion port on the cover plate is opened by one-time positioning processing on a machining center.

[0018] Preferably, the output end of the synthesis main body adopts a standard double-ridge waveguide 24JS3500, and the connecting flange adopts the connecting flange of the standard double-ridge waveguide 24JS3500.

[0019] Preferably, the connector adopts an output N-50K type connector, and the angle between the connectors is 120°.

[0020] A power synthesis method of a high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer is realized by the high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer, and includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. Calculate the depth of the annular column, the maximum radius of the annular column, and the diameter of the common metal column in the synthesis body according to the passing power of the synthesizer. Assemble the connection flange, the waveguide-to-coaxial converter cavity, the synthesis body, the metal cylinder, the connector, and the common metal column into a coaxial waveguide synthesizer, where:

[0022] The calculation formula for the depth of the annular column in the synthesis body is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, is the wavelength at the center frequency of the synthesizer, and b is the depth of the annular column;

[0025] The maximum radius of the annular column conforms to the calculation formula (1):

[0026] (1)

[0027] In the formula, is the maximum radius of the annular column, is the wavelength at the lowest frequency of the synthesizer;

[0028] The diameter of the common metal column 6 is calculated by formula (2) according to the passing power of the synthesizer:

[0029] (2)

[0030] In the formula: is the output power of the synthesizer, is the dielectric constant, is the diameter of the common metal column, is the electric field strength, is the outer diameter of the inner conductor;

[0031] S2. The connection flange accesses the external signal. The external signal enters the waveguide-to-coaxial converter cavity. Through the cooperation of the upper metal ridge and the lower metal ridge arranged in the waveguide body, the input signal is output to the synthesis body through impedance matching;

[0032] S3. After receiving the signal, the synthesis body couples the signal to the metal cylinder and connects it to the synthesizer through the metal cylinder to complete the synthesis output of the signal.

[0033] Beneficial effects: The present invention relates to a high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer and its synthesis method. The output end of the connecting flange is connected to the waveguide-to-common-mode conversion cavity, the output end of the waveguide-to-common-mode conversion cavity is connected to the synthesis main body, a cover plate is installed at the output end of the synthesis main body, and three connectors are connected through metal cylinders on the cover plate. The input signal is output from the waveguide port of the synthesis main body to the connectors through the metal ridge impedance matching in the synthesis main body, forming three-way signals. Compared with the traditional binary synthesis circuit, there are more choices in the selection of power amplifier tubes on the premise of meeting customer usage, which can save costs;

[0034] Secondly, the synthesis main body adopts a spatial synthesis method with an upper metal ridge and a lower metal ridge in cooperation, which reduces the insertion loss of the synthesizer. At the same time, the method of outputting through the spatial synthesis waveguide port is adopted, which improves the breakdown resistance of the synthesizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the waveguide-to-common-mode conversion cavity of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 are the front view, left sectional view and rear view of the synthesis main body of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the cover body of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 is the synthesis space schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the common metal column of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the metal cylinder of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the connector of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 is the insertion loss test curve graph of the synthesis main body of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 is the output standing wave test curve graph of the synthesis main body of the present invention.

[0045] Figures 1 to 8 In the figure, the reference numerals are: 1, connecting flange; 2, waveguide-to-common-mode conversion cavity; 3, synthesis main body; 4, metal cylinder; 5, connector; 6, common metal column;

[0046] 201. Waveguide body; 202. Upper metal ridge; 203. Lower metal ridge; 204. Connecting hole; 205. Threaded hole;

[0047] 301. Annular column; 302. Cover plate; 303. Rotating waveguide port; 304. Coupling hole. Specific implementation mode

[0048] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer, including a connecting flange 1, a waveguide-to-coaxial conversion cavity 2, a synthesis main body 3, a common metal column 6, a metal cylinder 4 and a connector 5. Among them, the connecting flange 1 adopts the connecting flange 1 of the standard double-ridge waveguide 24JS3500. The output end of the connecting flange 1 is connected to the input end of the waveguide-to-coaxial conversion cavity 2. The output end of the waveguide-to-coaxial conversion cavity 2 is connected to the input end of the synthesis main body 3 through the common metal column 6. The synthesis main body 3 is connected to the waveguide-to-coaxial conversion cavity 2 by screws. The output end of the synthesis main body 3 is circumferentially arrayed and connected with three groups of metal cylinders 4. The three groups of metal cylinders 4 are circumferentially arrayed and installed at the output end of the synthesis main body 3. The angle between the three groups of metal cylinders 4 is 120°. Each group of metal cylinders 4 is connected with a connector 5. In this embodiment, the connector 5 adopts an output N-50K type connector 5 to form three-way signals. Compared with the traditional binary synthesis circuit, more choices of power amplifier tubes can be made on the premise of meeting the customer's use, which can save costs.

[0049] In a further embodiment, the synthesis main body 3 includes an annular column 301. The annular column 301 is a hollow structure with one end open. The hollow structure of the annular column 301 is integrally milled, and the surface roughness of its inner wall is less than Ra3.2. Among them, the depth of the annular column 301 is calculated by the formula where, is the wavelength of the center frequency of the synthesizer, b is the depth of the annular column 301, and the maximum radius of the annular column 301 conforms to the calculation formula (1):

[0050] (1)

[0051] where, is the maximum radius of the annular column 301, is the wavelength of the lowest frequency of the synthesizer. The closed end of the annular column is installed with a common metal column 6. The diameter of the common metal column 6 is calculated by the formula (2) according to the passing power of the synthesizer:

[0052] (2)

[0053] where: is the output power of the synthesizer, is the dielectric constant, is the diameter of the common metal column 6, is the electric field strength, is the outer diameter of the inner conductor. The open end of the annular column 301 is connected to the cover plate 302. The cover plate 302 is installed on the annular column 301 by screws. The cover plate 302 is provided with the same number of mode-converting waveguides 303 as the number of connectors 5 to form the output end of the synthesis body 3. The output end of the synthesis body 3 adopts the standard double-ridge waveguide 24JS3500. The mode-converting waveguides 303 on the cover plate 302 are machined by a machining center with one-time positioning. A metal cylinder 4 is welded at the mode-converting waveguide 303 by soldering. In this embodiment, the surface roughness of the metal cylinder 4 is less than Ra1.6. By machining the mode-converting waveguides 303 by a machining center with one-time positioning, the position accuracy between the position of the mode-converting waveguides 303 on the cover plate 302 and the metal cylinder 4 can be ensured, and the amplitude and phase consistency between the various paths of the synthesizer can be accurately determined.

[0054] An installation groove is provided at the end of the metal cylinder 4 away from the cover plate 302. The pins of the connector 5 are inserted into the installation groove and welded to the metal cylinder 4 by soldering. In this embodiment, the connector 5 adopts a metal through-wall connector 5. A coupling hole 304 is provided at the closed end of the annular column 301. The common metal column 6 is installed in the coupling hole 304. Among them, the hollow structure inside the annular column 301, the mode-converting waveguides 303 and the coupling holes 304 cooperate with each other to form a synthesis space to build a synthesizer with higher power. The signal enters the annular column 301 through the common metal column 6, is synthesized into a signal with higher power in the synthesis space, and outputs multiple signals through the connectors 5 installed on the cover plate 302, which can cover the entire C band, and its peak value can reach more than 10KW. It adopts the form of spatial power synthesis, and all components are metal components, which can dissipate heat quickly, enhance the breakdown resistance, realize the synthesis of three-way power, and has the characteristics of high power, low insertion loss, simple structure, low cost, and easy processing.

[0055] In a further embodiment, the wave-guide conversion cavity 2 includes a wave-guide body 201. In this embodiment, the wave-guide body 201 has a hollow structure with a length of 69.85 mm and a width of 50.8 mm. A waveguide cavity is formed inside the wave-guide body 201. An upper metal ridge 202 is provided at the upper part of the waveguide cavity, and a lower metal ridge 203 is provided at the lower part of the waveguide cavity. The lower metal ridge 203 is in a stepped shape, and the high step of the lower metal ridge 203 is located at the output end of the waveguide cavity. The upper metal ridge 202 and the lower metal ridge 203 have the same thickness. Among them, the number of steps of the lower metal ridge 203 is greater than a multiple of the operating frequency of the synthesizer, and the multiple of the operating frequency of the synthesizer is less than or equal to 4 times. A connection hole 204 is formed at the end of the step of the lower metal ridge 203. A lead screw is provided on the annular column 301, and the annular column 301 is installed at the end of the wave-guide conversion cavity 2 through the cooperation of the lead screw and the connection hole 204. The output end of the wave-guide body 201 is provided with screw holes 205 having the same number as the number of connectors 5, and the annular column 301 is installed at the output end of the wave-guide body 201 through the cooperation of screws and the screw holes 205.

[0056] A power combining method for a high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer is realized by the above-mentioned high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer, and includes the following steps:

[0057] First, the connection flange 1 accesses an external signal, and the external signal enters the wave-guide conversion cavity 2. Through the cooperation of the upper metal ridge 202 and the lower metal ridge 203 arranged in the wave-guide body 201, the input signal is output to the synthesis main body 3 through impedance matching. After the signal enters the synthesis main body 3, the signal forms a larger-power signal in the synthesis space through the cooperation of the hollow structure of the annular column 301, the rotating waveguide port 303, and the coupling holes 304, and then three signals can be output through the cooperation of the metal cylinder 4 and the connector 5.

[0058] In a further embodiment, the calculation formula for the depth of the annular column 301 in the synthesis main body 3 is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] In the formula, is the wavelength of the center frequency of the synthesizer, and b is the depth of the annular column 301;

[0061] The maximum radius of the annular column 301 conforms to the calculation formula (1):

[0062] (1)

[0063] In the formula, is the maximum radius of the annular column 301, is the wavelength of the lowest frequency of the synthesizer.

[0064] In a further embodiment, the diameter of the common metal column 6 is calculated by formula (2) according to the passing power of the synthesizer:

[0065] (2)

[0066] Wherein: is the output power of the synthesizer, is the dielectric constant, is the diameter of the common metal column 6, is the electric field strength, is the outer diameter of the inner conductor.

[0067] By the above method, a signal with a frequency of 4 - 8 GHz is connected to the connecting flange 1. From the test curve of Figure 9 , it can be seen that in the frequency range of 4 - 8 GHz, its insertion loss satisfies less than or equal to 0.05 dB. After the signal enters the synthesis main body 3 through the cooperation of the wave-guide conversion cavity 2 and the common metal column 6, after the signal forms a synthesized signal with greater power in the synthesis space under the mutual cooperation of the hollow structure of the annular column 301, the wave conversion port 303 and the coupling hole 304, three signals are output under the cooperation of the metal cylinder 4 and the connector 5. Figure 10 From the test curve of

[0068] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept scope of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a connecting flange (1), wherein the output end of the connecting flange (1) is connected to the input end of a wave-to-wave conversion cavity (2), wherein the connecting flange (1) adopts a connecting flange (1) of a standard double-ridge waveguide 24JS3500, wherein the output end of the wave-to-wave conversion cavity (2) is connected to the input end of a synthesis body (3), wherein the output end of the synthesis body (3) adopts a standard double-ridge waveguide 24JS3500, wherein the output end of the synthesis body (3) is connected to three groups of metal cylinders (4) in a circumferential array, wherein each group of the metal cylinders (4) is connected to a connector (5), wherein the synthesis body (3) comprises an annular column (301), wherein the annular column (301) is a hollow structure with one end open, wherein a coupling hole (304) is provided at the closed end of the annular column (301), wherein a common metal column (6) is installed in the coupling hole (304), wherein the common metal column (6) is connected to the wave-to-wave conversion cavity (2), wherein the diameter of the common metal column (6) is calculated by formula (2) according to the passing power of the synthesizer: （2） Where: is the synthesizer output power, is the dielectric constant, is the diameter of the common metal column (6), is the electric field strength, is the outer diameter of the inner conductor; The open end of the annular column (301) is connected to the cover plate (302), the cover plate (302) is provided with a number of waveguide ports (303) equal to the number of connectors (5), the connectors (5) are mounted on the waveguide ports (303) via a metal cylinder (4), the hollow structure inside the annular column (301) cooperates with the waveguide ports (303) and the coupling hole (304) to form a synthetic space, wherein the depth of the annular column (301) is calculated as follows: ； In the formula, is the wavelength of the synthesizer center frequency, and b is the depth of the annular column (301); The maximum radius of the annular column (301) complies with calculation formula (1): （1） In the formula, is the maximum radius of the annular column (301), is the lowest frequency wavelength of the synthesizer; The waveguide conversion cavity (2) comprises a waveguide body (201), a waveguide cavity is provided in the waveguide body (201), an upper metal ridge (202) is provided at the upper part of the waveguide cavity, a lower metal ridge (203) is provided at the lower part of the waveguide cavity, the lower metal ridge (203) is in a step shape, the high step of the lower metal ridge (203) is located at the output end of the waveguide cavity, the upper metal ridge (202) and the lower metal ridge (203) have the same thickness, wherein the number of steps of the lower metal ridge (203) is greater than a multiple of the synthesizer operating frequency, wherein the multiple of the synthesizer operating frequency is less than or equal to 4 times, a connection hole (204) is provided at the end of the step of the lower metal ridge (203), a screw rod is provided on the annular column (301), and the annular column (301) is mounted on the end of the waveguide conversion cavity (2) through the screw rod and the connection hole (204).

2. A high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the waveguide body (201) is provided with threaded holes (205) having the same number as the connector (5), and the annular column (301) is mounted on the output end of the waveguide body (201) by means of screws that cooperate with the threaded holes (205).

3. A high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (5) is a metal through-the-wall connector (5), and the waveguide port (303) on the cover plate (302) is formed and opened in one step.

4. A high-power coaxial waveguide synthesizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (5) is an output N-50K type connector (5), and the angle between the connectors (5) is 120°.

5. A power combining method of a high-power coaxial waveguide combiner, implemented by a high-power coaxial waveguide combiner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Calculate the depth of the annular column (301) in the synthesis body (3), the maximum radius of the annular column (301) and the diameter of the common metal column (6), wherein the diameter of the common metal column (6) is calculated based on the passing power of the synthesizer, and assemble the connecting flange (1), the waveguide conversion cavity (2), the synthesis body (3), the metal cylinder (4), the connector (5) and the common metal column (6) into a coaxial waveguide synthesizer, wherein: The calculation formula for the depth of the annular column (301) in the synthetic body (3) is as follows: ； In the formula, is the wavelength of the synthesizer center frequency, and b is the depth of the annular column (301); The maximum radius of the annular column (301) complies with calculation formula (1): （1） In the formula, is the maximum radius of the annular column (301), is the lowest frequency wavelength of the synthesizer; The diameter of the common metal column (6) is calculated according to the power passing through the synthesizer using formula (2): （2） Where: is the synthesizer output power, is the dielectric constant, is the diameter of the common metal column (6), is the electric field strength, is the outer diameter of the inner conductor; S2, the connecting flange (1) receives the external signal, and the external signal enters the wave-to-wave conversion cavity (2). The upper metal ridge (202) and the lower metal ridge (203) arranged in the wave-to-wave body (201) cooperate to output the input signal to the synthesis body (3) through impedance matching; S3. After receiving the signal, the synthesis subject (3) couples the signal to the metal cylinder (4), and connects the signal to the synthesizer through the metal cylinder (4), thereby completing the synthesis output of the signal.

Images